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• Hardware RAID 0 without OS re-installation

  - by sterz

  I have Ubuntu & Windows 7 installed on my hdd. Can I mirror the image of the hdd to the second identical drive? Is this not recommended (i.e have to re-install every OS)? If it is okay to mirror, is there anything else to do to make hw RAID 0 work? Does RAID 0 have the same risk as a single drive? What sector size would you recommend for read/write/extract video files (mostly each around 2 GB)?

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• Too Many Files In Debian Linux Folder?

  - by Dave Potts

  I've been using an external USB drive on a Debian server for backup. The drive is formatted as NTFS and mounted with ntsfmount. This was working fine, but I was filling up a directory with lots of files. Eventually the backup failed. When I then tried to look at the directory using ls it reported: ls: reading directory .: Numerical result out of range Looking in syslog, I also saw this: Sep 23 07:35:31 tosh ntfsmount[28040]: Failed to read index block: Numerical result out of range. Is this simply that I've reached the upper limit of number of files in a directory? If so, is there any way to extend the number of allowed files?

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• Unused Index Entries: What causes them?

  - by Bart Silverstrim

  I was running chkdsk on one of our servers and it fixed 800 unused index entries (minor inconsistencies) on the drive. I also see these on lab machines running Deep Freeze, where most drive changes are supposed to be prevented although I'm not sure of the mechanism through which it does this. The thing that got me more curious than usual is that this server does very little. Very little activity, it remotely serves out a web app with little use so it's rarely ever touched at the console...so what is it on NTFS drives that causes this? It seems to be treated as if it's nothing, but should this be happening on a barely used filesystem? Is it a sign of corruption? I would think it's something if a disk repair utility sees fit to report it and repair it. Maybe this is more curiosity while doing some routine maintenance on servers, but I'd like to know what this is doing and why it happens, if anyone can give insight on this phenomena.

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• Intel RAID0 on Windows 8 not Displaying Correct Media Type

  - by kobaltz

  I have my primary C Drive which consists of 2 Intel 120GB SSD Drives in a RAID0. I have a clean install of Windows 8 Pro, latest MEI software, latest RST software, latest Intel Toolbox. Prior to this I had installed Windows 8 Pro as an upgrade. When I went into the Optimize Drives while in the Upgrade installation, it showed the Media Types as Solid State Drives. However, now since I am in a brand new install, it is showing the Media Type as Hard Disk Drive. I am worried about this because of the trim not working properly. Before when in the upgrade, it showed SSD as the media type and the Optimize option would perform a manual trim. Unfortunately, my search credentials on Google are so common to many other things (ie Raid0, SSD, Windows 8, Media Type) that all I am finding are useless topics. Before, (found on random site) it showed the Media Type as below

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• Xen P2V for large physical hosts with much free space

  - by Sirex

  I need to P2V a rhel5 machine to xen under rhel5. I know I can use dd if=/dev/sda then using virt-install --import on the host, but the downside of this is the original machine has 80% free space on its drive. Does anyone know of (or can document) a quick and easy method which works reliably, to produce a bootable xen image which can run under a hvm in such cases ? I tried clonezilla to make the image, to avoid the free space problem, but it failed to do the clone with "something went wrong" (useless info, i know). At the moment im looking at doing a dd of each partition, and a file level copy of the partition which is mostly empty, then creating a new virtual disk, copying the partitions over to it by mounting both the new image and the virtual drive on a second vm, then copying the boot sectors over, then copying the file level backup..... there must be an easier way ? Oh, and budget is $0. :)

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• Vista 64-bit, DISK BOOT FAILURE

  - by weka

  So I have this Acer Aspire AX3200-U3600A with Windows Vista (64-bit). Every night I turn it off and turn it back on in the morning. Around three weeks ago, I did a fresh factory reimage. Good as new. Then around two days ago, when I turned it on, I noticed it was running extremly slow. As in, it would often freeze up while I had multiple applications open when it usually never froze up. So I decided to restart my computer. Big mistake. My computer froze right after I clicked shut-down. I waited a while. Nothing. Waited some minutes. Nope. I decided to shut it down by pressing the power button. Here is where the problems begin. When I turned it back on, I saw the Windows logo and loading bar and then it loaded to black. I turned it off again forcefully by power button and then once more... then I got: AMD Data Change... Update New Data to DMI! then later the screen clears and I get: AHCI Option ROM BIOS Revision: 01.05.92 Date: 02-19-2008 Copyright (c) 2006-2008 Phoenix Technologies, LTD Port 01: Reset Port Error!! Port 02: then the screen clears again but this time, this loads from the bottom: Nvidia Boot Agent 249.0542 (copyright stuff... blah blah) PXE-E61: Media test failure, check cable. PXE-M0F: Exiting Nvidia Boot Agent DISK BOOT FAILURE, INSERT SYSTEM DISK AND PRESS ENTER. So I try to go into Safe Mode. Well, first of all it doesn't load as fast. After it loads disk.sys from windows/drivers, it will wait a while (2-3 mins) THEN load. However it loads the Acer eRecovery Management Tool. I have three options: Reset computer to factory default, Restore computer from user's backup, or Exit. However, the top two options are gray and disabled where as the Exit is in blue and definitely clickable. So obviously safe mode is not there... A strong thing to note: In the beginning when all of this started, I did a Boot Windows Normal from pressing f8 and I got to my desktop! It logged me in. I could see the icons on my files. However my desktop was extremely slow as in when I clicked on the Start menu, it would wait a while, then load up the menu with JUST the gradient, no text or icons... so as you can see... it saw my HDD? Also, before anyone says, I have NO USB plugged in. My mouse and keyboard are not USB inputs, I assure you. And this came without a recovery CD AND when I went in BIOS, to change the BOOT ORDER, I did NOT see a CD-ROM option. And when I tried pressing ALT+F10 to get into Acer eRecovery Management, the top two options were disabled as well. But sometimes on start-up, I get: Windows has encountered a problem communicating with a device connected to your computer. This error can be caused by unplugging a removable storage device such as an external USB drive while the device is in use, or by faulty hardware such as a hard drive or CD-ROM drive that is failing. Make sure any removeable storage is properly connected and then restart your computer. If you continue to receive this error message, contact the hardware manufacturer. Status: 0xc00000e9 Info: An unexpected I/O error has occured. Then I tried Last Known Good Configuration Settings, that gives me a BSOD. What should I do/

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• Clarification On Write-Caching Policy, Its Underlying Options And How It Applies To Hard Drives And Solid-State Drives

  - by Boris_yo

  In last week after doing more research on subject matter, I have been wondering about what I have been neglecting all those years to understand write-caching policy, always leaving it on default setting. Write-caching policy improves writing performance and consists of write-back caching and write-cache buffer flushing. This is how I understand all the above, but correct me if I erred somewhere: Write-through cache / Write-through caching itself is not a part of write caching policy per se and it's when data is written to both cache and storage device so if Windows will need that data later again, it is retrieved from cache and not from storage device which means only improved read performance as there is no need for waiting for storage device to read required data again. Since data is still written to storage device, write performance isn't improved and represents no risk of data loss or corruption in case of power failure or system crash while only data in cache gets lost. This option seems to be enabled by default and is recommended for removable devices with no need to use function of "Safely Remove Hardware" on user's part. Write-back caching is similar to above but without writing data to storage device, periodically releasing data from cache and writing to storage device when it is idle. In my opinion this option improves both read and write performance but represents risk if power failure or system crash occurs with the outcome of not only losing data eventually to be written to storage device, but causing file inconsistencies or corrupted file system. Write-back caching cannot be enabled together with write-through caching and it is not recommended to be enabled if no backup power supply is availabe. Write-cache buffer flushing I reckon is similar to write-back caching but enables immediate release and writing of data from cache to storage device right before power outage occurs but I don't know if it applies also to occasional system crash. This option seem to be complementary to write-back cache reducing or potentially eliminating risk of data loss or corruption of file system. I have questions about relevance of last 2 options to today's modern SSDs in order to get best performance and with less wear on SSDs: I know that traditional hard drives come with onboard cache (I wonder what type of cache that is), but do SSDs also come with cache? Assuming they do, is this cache faster than their NAND flash and system RAM and worth taking the risk of utilizing it by enabling write-back cache? I read somewhere that generally storage device's cache is faster than RAM, but I want to be sure. Additionally I read that write-caching should be enabled since current data that is to be written later to NAND flash is kept for a while in cache and provided there is data that gets modified a lot before finally being written, holding of this data and its periodic release reduces its write times to SSD thereby reducing its wearing. Now regarding to write-cache buffer flushing, I heard that SSD controllers are so fast by themselves that enabling this option is not required, because they manage flushing. However, once again, I don't know if SSDs have their own onboard cache and whether or not it is faster than their NAND flash and system RAM because if it is, keeping this option enabled would make sense. Recently I have posted question about issue with my Intel 330 SSD 120GB which was main reason to do deeper research having suspicion of write-caching policy being the culprit of SSD's freezing issue assuming data being released is what causes freezes. Currently I have write-cache enabled and write-cache buffer flushing disabled because I believe SSD controller's management of write-cache flushing and Windows write-cache buffer flushing are conflicting with each other: Since I want to troubleshoot in small steps to finally determine the source of issue, I have decided to start with write-caching policy and the move to drivers, switching to AHCI later on and finally disabling DIPM (device initiated power management) through registry modification thanks to @TomWijsman

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• Newbie: VirtualBox "no bootable medium found"

  - by Newton Falls

  My first foray into VM land so please excuse the stupidity expressed below. Running VirtualBox on Kubuntu 9.10 and trying to set up a VM running Windows 7. Windows 7 came installed and is functional as a dual-boot but I want to stay in kubuntu hence the VM. Received "Fatal: no bootable medium found" when trying to start a VM. Not surprising since VBox never gave me an option (that I recognized anyway) to tell it to look on the hard drive. I did not receive a CD of Windows 7 with the machine. How can I tell VirtualBox to grab what it needs from the hard drive? Or am I out of luck because I don't have a CD? Update: This might not be possible. The installed Windows 7 is useful only to pull the installation key. It is easier to just to download or get an ISO from a friend and enter in your own key.

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• Unable to map to web folder using WebDAV client on Windows Server 2008 R2

  - by user74989

  Hello, I have a client running Windows Server 2008 R2 on several servers. One of the servers is also running SharePoint 3.0 and my client has created a web folder to map to. I can map to the web folder from all Server 2008 R2 boxes that have the WebDAV client (part of Desktop Experience feature) installed, except for the server the folder resides on. When I attempt to map to the web folder on the server which the folder resides, I am repeatedly prompted to enter my credentials. I am using the same account that I used to map the web folder on the other servers. I have also tried mapping from the command line and receive 'Access Denied' What may be causing the problem? I would think that if I can map to the drive from one server, I should be able to map the drive from the rest as long as the WebDAV client is installed, especially on the server where the folder is located. Jesse

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• Understanding RewriteCond in .htacces files

  - by Paulo Bu

  I'm having problems understanding how RewriteCond directive works. So far, it's pretty clear that it compares to strings to apply a RewriteRule. I have this file: <IfModule rewrite_module> RewriteEngine on RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteRule ^(.*)$ app_dev.php </IfModule> This works for me but I don't know why it works. So far in the RewriteCond directive I understand: if the value of REQUEST_FILENAME is NOT a file in the hard drive then allow the rule This doesn't have sense becouse app_dev.php after substituting is a file in the hard drive. Anyways, could someone enlighten me with this issue? I am having a very harsh time figuring out how this works.

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• Micro Btx Motherboard Replacement.

  - by Judy

  I got the Vundo virus that took out the mobo and hard drive on my Gateway GT5220. Is there a replacement that will work? I'm willing to keep XP. I want to fix it the cheapest way possible. The mobo is a NVIDIA GeForce 6150 AM2 microBTX with primary IDE and 4 SATA connections. I want to use a new SATA as my primary, but would like to be able to connect my old IDE drives to transfer my pictures from them to the new drive. I would appreciate any help. Thanks!

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• Slow write speeds on new Gigabit home file server

  - by Ryan Holder

  So I finally got all my parts delivered to setup a home file/backup server this week. It's currently running Ubuntu Server and I'm using Samba to share files on my network. The server currently has a 2TB WD Green drive in it connected to a Asus M5A78L-M This is then connected via CAT6a to my new Gigabit switch (TP-Link TL-SG1005D). My home desktop is then also connected to this switch and again also through CAT6a cable. Currently when transfering files I will get a perfect 100MB/s read from the server to my Windows machine. When copying from my Windows machine to the server I get around 30/38MB/s. I know this drive is capable is faster speeds so would anybody have an idea of where the bottleneck is? Any help would be greatly appreciated :) EDIT: I have found ftp's write speed is much closer to what my Samba read speed is so I'm going to give it a guess that is a software problem rather than hardware

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• To Run Linux (Ubuntu) on Windows 7, is using Virtual PC one of the best ways?

  - by Jian Lin

  I need to try Linux (Ubuntu) and feel hesitant to install Ubuntu on top of a Win 7 machine to dual boot (might need to use Win7 and Ubuntu at the same time). Is creating a Virtual PC on Win7, and then installing the latest Ubuntu on that Virtual PC one of the better option? So I think I can create a Virtual PC with an empty virtual hard disk (vhd), say, for 30GB, and then put in the Ubuntu DVD-R or CD-R to install Ubuntu onto that empty hard disk. Update: for some reason, the first time Ubuntu 10.04 installation CD-R boots up, it asked for the Language, and "Install Ubuntu" and then the screen has vertical green bars and then the VPC just closed. The 2nd or 3rd time it booted up, there is no asking of Language or "Install Ubuntu" and just shut down the VPC, sometimes with vertical green bars. I even created another new hard drive and same thing happened. And created VPC 02, and same thing happened. Created VPC 03 with a fixed hard drive size of 60GB and same thing happened.

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• How to efficiently dump a huge MySQL innodb database?

  - by Jagbir

  I got an Ubuntu 10.04 production MySQL database server where total size of database is 260 GB while size of root partition is itself 300 GB where DB is stored, essentially means around 96% of / is full and there's no space left for storing dump/backup etc. No other disk is attached to server as of now. My task is to migrate this database to other server sitting in different datacenter. Question is how to do that efficiently with minimum downtime? I'm thinking in line of: Request to attach an extra drive to server and take a dump in that drive. Transfer dump to new server, restore it and make new server slave of existing one to keep data in sync When migration is needed, break replication, update slave config to accept read/write requests and make old server read-only so it won't entertain any write requests and tell app developers to update there config with new IP address for db. What's your suggestions to improve this or any alternate better approach for this task?

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• Environment variable for volume names in Windows?

  - by Shinrai

  I'm trying to write a batch file that will look at the volume label of the current drive and report if it's not equivalent to a certain string. Is there a default variable in the shell for this? Can I define one? Am I SOL and I'll actually have to do some (shudder) programming? EDIT: If this is possible in PowerShell that would work fine. (For the curious, we ship our machines with software cloning as a rapid bootable backup solution since most of our customers are daytraders and aren't interested in RAID due to urgency of getting-the-hell-back-to-work-right-away if there's a software corruption problem, and we want to make it immediately obvious if they're booting to the backup drive unintentionally, like say the primary failed entirely. The hope was just to write a simple batch file that would autostart on boot and throw a warning in the event of a problem.)

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• decrypting a dvd and testing that it is decrypted and playing it locally with its menu?

  - by barlop

  I have a DVD , it may be decrypted. How do I get it to hard drive decrypt it and see if it is decrypted? I have got it to hard drive... I can get VOB files to play(does that mean it is not encrypted?) but I can't get it to play with the menu. I can get the DVD itself to play with a menu. I'd like to get the local copy to. Also, I can play the first VOB file in VLC and MPC but not in mplayer. But that's a secondary thing. I will use whatever player you suggest. I have tried VLC, and mplayer, and media player classic.

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• Creating ISO image of NTFS partition in Ubuntu

  - by Pappai

  Hi, I have a system that has to be formatted often because of the specific use of it (Use it in internet cafe). I have to install the drivers and apps each time. That is a time consuming and cumbersom task for me. I want to install windows, drivers, apps etc. once and create a backup of the entire C:\ drive, and keep it in a linux partition so that I can restore the OS with all the apps & drivers ready to go! I have ubuntu live CD with me and I have created a linux partition (ext4) in the HDD. My question is: How can I create an ISO image of the C:\ drive (ntfs disk) in Ubuntu and store it in the linux partition?

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• My WD Caviar Green SATA HDD cannot be detected

  - by obhasha

  I have a WD 2TB Caviar Green SATA HDD. I used it as an external hard drive formatted to FAT32. The main purpose was to store my PS3 games. It worked fine and all of a sudden my PS3 stopped detecting it. I tried connecting it to my pc and the same result. I took it off from the enclosure and plugged it directly to my PC and used the BIOS setup. The BIOS setup detects my HDD but it says it's 0.0MB!!! I also tried the WD Data Lifeguard Diagnostic tool and it wasn't much of use because the drive is not picking up by windows at all. Is my HDD dead? Is it beyond repair?

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• Dropbox style folder for network drives

  - by Toby Allen

  Does anyone know of a third party (or even windows native) solution to this simple problem. I want to map an internal network share on our windows server to a folder on each of the client machines in the network. I dont want to have to use Drive Letters I would just like to set up a Folder on my C drive that is actually a windows share eg C:\DATA\Network Docs is actuallyp pointing to \\Server\SharedData\ Is this possible? Is there a third party solution that does it? All clients are Windows XP and Windows 7.

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• Adding cygwin on right click on windows explorer

  - by PushpRaj

  I wish to add a command on right click menu in explorer that opens current directory with cygwin. For same I have successfully added these registries: [HKEY_CURRENT_USER\software\classes\directory\shell\cygwin] @="c:\\cygwin\\bin\\bash.exe --login -i -c \"cd '%1'; bash\"" [HKEY_CURRENT_USER\software\classes\drive\shell\cygwin] @="c:\\cygwin\\bin\\bash.exe --login -i -c \"cd '%1'; bash\"" but this adds the command only when on some folder or drive. I want generic right click on explorer, on which, search gives me this registry to edit: [HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Directory\Background\shell\cygwin] @="c:\\cygwin\\bin\\bash.exe --login -i -c \"cd '%1'; bash\"" My problem lies with the value of the key, which doesnt work on %1 but on some static value like /cygdrive/c Could someone please tell me the proper way to pass current directory to the command, also please refer me some basic and advanced pages for same. Thank you.

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• How to boot window from recovery partition?

  - by Zack

  Acer service center created recovery discs for my acer laptop. And they also created a partition in which contains the data from recovery discs. I can see that partition from disk management only. But how do I boot from it? Some months ago I have linux os installed. So when the laptop boot up I can see that partition. But not Now. How to boot from it? I can't see that drive when i press F12. F2 = enter BIOS setup F8 = Boot in safe mode F12 = choose the boot drive

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• Tools/Tips to reduce the files/directories in C: which is SSD on Windows 7.

  - by prosseek

  I bought a SSD to install it as C: drive on Windows 7. As the SSD size is relatively small, I need to come up with an idea to reduce the files/directories in C:. What I found is as follows. Run WinDirStat to check how the C: is used. Remove the hibernate file (if you don't use it) powercfg –h off http://helpdeskgeek.com/windows-7/windows-7-delete-hibernation-file-hiberfil-sys/ Symbolic link files and directories to different drive. I'm not sure if this is safe way to go, I asked another post to ask about it. mklink /d e:\windows\installer c:\windows\installer Install software to E: directory, not C: directory. Create E:\Program Files What other tools or tips do you have?

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• Windows 7 installer doesn't recognize NTFS partition.

  - by ifesdjeen

  Hi, I'm trying to install windows 7 on my Macbook. I've created NTFS partition, but when i'm starting up Windows 7 installation, it says that i can't install windows on this partition, since drive already contains maximum amount of partitions with this filesystem type. I haven't heard of any limits on filesystems, but still i can't even format this drive from Win7 installer. I've found access to command line from win7 installation CD, but i can't find fdisk there to format. Do you have any idea on about how to deal with it?

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• Can I replace my notebook's fan without replacing the heat sink?

  - by kuzzooroo

  My laptop (Acer Travelmate 8204) has started making a grinding noise, which seems to be coming from the fan (not the hard drive). Some articles online mention replacing the fan, but others imply that one should replace both the fan and the heat sink. Does it make sense to replace the fan only? (addendum: does this procedure really take 3 hours for a noob, as this video implies? UPDATE: the fan certainly seems to be on the "top" layer when I open my laptop but some parts of it extend under other layers) Some additional info in response to comments: I have run MS scandisk on the hard drive a few times since the grinding started. It usually reports finding something or other but the computer's behavior doesn't change I'm pretty sure it's the fan based on where the noise is coming from. I employed the cardboard tube trick from the PC World article.

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• how do you clear apple/mac install program files?

  - by mserin

  I installed a 30-day "test drive" of QuarkXpress, but got pulled in to other projects and didn't have time to test it. I now need to test it, but the 30 days are up. So I want to install the "test drive" again, but it won't let me. So far I uninstalled the old copy, signed up under a different account, and downloaded a new version. I know there has to be application data somewhere, but I am a PC person and don't know where to look in the Apple. HELP! Thanks. Oh, and if necessary, I am using Mac OS X (SnowLeopard) Version 10.6.8 on a MacPro

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