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  • rpm build from src file

    - by danielrutledge
    Hi all, I'm trying to build from a *.src.rpm file on FC 12 in such a way that the files are distributed a across my system as they would with a normal binary build (in this case, *.h files end up in /usr/include). When I ran rpmbuild, the headers weren't present. Here's my rpmbuild command: [root@localhost sphirewalld]# rpm -ivv /home/dan/Downloads/gtest-1.3.0-2.20090601svn257.fc12.src.rpm ============== /home/dan/Downloads/gtest-1.3.0-2.20090601svn257.fc12.src.rpm Expected size: 489395 = lead(96)+sigs(180)+pad(4)+data(489115) Actual size: 489395 loading keyring from pubkeys in /var/lib/rpm/pubkeys/*.key couldn't find any keys in /var/lib/rpm/pubkeys/*.key loading keyring from rpmdb opening db environment /var/lib/rpm/Packages cdb:mpool:joinenv opening db index /var/lib/rpm/Packages rdonly mode=0x0 locked db index /var/lib/rpm/Packages opening db index /var/lib/rpm/Name rdonly mode=0x0 read h# 931 Header sanity check: OK added key gpg-pubkey-57bbccba-4a6f97af to keyring read h# 1327 Header sanity check: OK added key gpg-pubkey-7fac5991-4615767f to keyring read h# 1420 Header sanity check: OK added key gpg-pubkey-16ca1a56-4a100959 to keyring read h# 1896 Header sanity check: OK added key gpg-pubkey-a3a882c1-4a1009ef to keyring Using legacy gpg-pubkey(s) from rpmdb /home/dan/Downloads/gtest-1.3.0-2.20090601svn257.fc12.src.rpm: Header SHA1 digest: OK (3e98ed9b1631395d417e00f35c83ebe588ea9d3b) added source package [0] found 1 source and 0 binary packages Expected size: 489395 = lead(96)+sigs(180)+pad(4)+data(489115) Actual size: 489395 InstallSourcePackage at: psm.c:232: Header SHA1 digest: OK (3e98ed9b1631395d417e00f35c83ebe588ea9d3b) gtest-1.3.0-2.20090601svn257.fc12 ========== Directories not explicitly included in package: 0 /root/rpmbuild/SOURCES/ 1 /root/rpmbuild/SPECS/ ========== warning: user mockbuild does not exist - using root warning: group mockbuild does not exist - using root fini 100664 1 ( 0, 0) 478034 /root/rpmbuild/SOURCES/gtest-1.3.0.tar.bz2;4ba93ce1 unknown warning: user mockbuild does not exist - using root warning: group mockbuild does not exist - using root fini 100644 1 ( 0, 0) 30505 /root/rpmbuild/SOURCES/gtest-svnr257.patch;4ba93ce1 unknown warning: user mockbuild does not exist - using root warning: group mockbuild does not exist - using root fini 100644 1 ( 0, 0) 2732 /root/rpmbuild/SPECS/gtest.spec;4ba93ce1 unknown GZDIO: 63 reads, 511788 total bytes in 0.005930 secs closed db index /var/lib/rpm/Name closed db index /var/lib/rpm/Packages closed db environment /var/lib/rpm/Packages Thanks for your help.

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  • Unable to connect Xend with virt-manager

    - by Majid Azimi
    I have installed debian 6.0.1a. I have install all XEN stuff. including xen kernel, libvirtd, ... but when i want to connect xend, virt-manager shows me this: Verify that: A Xen host kernel was booted The Xen service has been started details: Unable to open connection to hypervisor URI 'xen:///': unable to connect to '/var/run/libvirt/libvirt-sock', libvirtd may need to be started: Permission denied Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/share/virt-manager/virtManager/connection.py", line 971, in _try_open None], flags) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/libvirt.py", line 111, in openAuth if ret is None:raise libvirtError('virConnectOpenAuth() failed') libvirtError: unable to connect to '/var/run/libvirt/libvirt-sock', libvirtd may need to be started: Permission denied here is uname output: Linux debian 2.6.32-5-xen-amd64 #1 SMP Tue Mar 8 00:01:30 UTC 2011 x86_64 GNU/Linux and also xend and libvirtd is runnig: root@debian:/home/mazimi# /etc/init.d/libvirt-bin status Checking status of libvirt management daemon: libvirtd running. root@debian:/home/mazimi# /etc/init.d/xend start Starting Xen daemons: xenstored xenconsoled xend. permissions for livbirt-sock: root@debian:/home/mazimi# ls -alih /var/run/libvirt/ total 12K 671017 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4.0K Apr 15 13:54 . 654083 drwxr-xr-x 18 root root 4.0K Apr 15 13:54 .. 670901 srwxrwx--- 1 root libvirt 0 Apr 15 13:54 libvirt-sock 670928 srwxrwxrwx 1 root libvirt 0 Apr 15 13:54 libvirt-sock-ro 670870 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4.0K Apr 15 02:34 qemu and also we have group named libvirt in /etc/group When running libvirtd with verbose mode it behaves kind of stange: root@debian:/var/log/libvirt# /usr/sbin/libvirtd --verbose 17:26:55.841: warning : qemudStartup:1832 : Unable to create cgroup for driver: No such device or address 17:26:56.128: warning : lxcStartup:1900 : Unable to create cgroup for driver: No such device or address and waits infinitely.

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  • [Zend Framework - Ubuntu10.04- Lamp- First Project] i get 500 error on http://localhost/zftutorial/p

    - by meyosef
    Hi I new in Zend and Lamp, my software: Zend Framework, Ubuntu10.04,Lamp. I made my first Zend Project with Zend tool (according this tutorial http://akrabat.com/wp-content/uploads/Getting-Started-with-Zend-Framework.pdf) But when i go to http://localhost/zftutorial/public i get 500 error. My $ dir -l of zftutorial: drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 4096 2010-06-01 23:54 application drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2010-06-01 23:54 docs drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 2010-06-02 00:23 library drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 2010-06-02 00:00 nbproject drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2010-06-01 23:54 public drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 2010-06-01 23:54 tests my:/etc/apache2/sites-available/default <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost DocumentRoot /var/www <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride All </Directory> <Directory /var/www/> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride All Order allow,deny allow from all </Directory> ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/ <Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin"> AllowOverride None Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> ErrorLog /var/log/apache2/error.log # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit, # alert, emerg. LogLevel warn CustomLog /var/log/apache2/access.log combined Alias /doc/ "/usr/share/doc/" <Directory "/usr/share/doc/"> Options Indexes MultiViews FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Order deny,allow Deny from all Allow from 127.0.0.0/255.0.0.0 ::1/128 </Directory> </VirtualHost> Thanks,

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  • tftpd-hpa service must be restarted before working after fresh boot

    - by Steve
    I'm running Ubuntu 12.04 inside a VirtualBox VM. I've installed tftpd-hpa so I can boot an embedded Linux device via tftp. My problem is that after a fresh boot of the VM, tftpd doesn't seem to work until I restart the service, after which is works great until the system is rebooted. The transcript below should explain the situation. EDIT: After the fresh boot, I execute netstat -a | grep tftp and find nothing. After restarting the service, the same command returns udp 0 0 *:tftp *:* (whitespace removed). I think this might be the key to the problem, I'm just not sure how to resolve it. I don't think it's related to this specific issue, but I had another problem with tftpd that was asked and answered in this question. steve@steve-VirtualBox:~$ cat /etc/default/tftpd-hpa # /etc/default/tftpd-hpa TFTP_USERNAME="tftp" TFTP_DIRECTORY="/var/lib/tftpboot" TFTP_ADDRESS="0.0.0.0:69" TFTP_OPTIONS="--secure" steve@steve-VirtualBox:~$ ls -l /var/lib/tftpboot total 8204 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 34352 May 28 08:22 am335x-boneblack.dtb -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 33206 May 28 08:22 am335x-bone.dtb -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 41564 May 28 08:22 am335x-evm.dtb -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 38048 May 28 08:22 am335x-evmsk.dtb -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 4117904 May 20 09:39 zImage -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4117616 May 28 08:22 zImage-am335x-evm.bin steve@steve-VirtualBox:~$ tftp localhost tftp> get zImage Transfer timed out. tftp> quit steve@steve-VirtualBox:~$ sudo service tftpd-hpa restart [sudo] password for steve: tftpd-hpa stop/waiting tftpd-hpa start/running, process 2106 steve@steve-VirtualBox:~$ tftp localhost tftp> get zImage Received 4143798 bytes in 1.4 seconds tftp> quit steve@steve-VirtualBox:~$

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  • Updating PHP on Linux - "No Packages marked for Update"?

    - by Aristotle
    I'm very new to server-administration, but I was thinking the task of updating PHP to 5.2+ should be relatively simple. Online I found that the following was allegedly sufficient to do this: yum update php But when I run this, the following is output: [root@ip-XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX /]# php -v PHP 5.1.6 (cli) (built: Jan 13 2010 17:13:05) Copyright (c) 1997-2006 The PHP Group Zend Engine v2.1.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2006 Zend Technologies [root@ip-XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX /]# yum update php Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Determining fastest mirrors * addons: p3plmirror02.prod.phx3.secureserver.net * base: p3plmirror02.prod.phx3.secureserver.net * extras: p3plmirror02.prod.phx3.secureserver.net * turbopanel-base: p3plmirror02.prod.phx3.secureserver.net * turbopanel-centos5: p3plmirror02.prod.phx3.secureserver.net * update: p3plmirror02.prod.phx3.secureserver.net addons | 951 B 00:00 addons/primary | 201 B 00:00 base | 2.1 kB 00:00 base/primary_db | 1.6 MB 00:00 extras | 1.1 kB 00:00 extras/primary | 107 kB 00:00 extras 325/325 turbopanel-base | 951 B 00:00 turbopanel-base/primary | 72 kB 00:00 turbopanel-base 494/494 turbopanel-centos5 | 951 B 00:00 turbopanel-centos5/primary | 2.1 kB 00:00 turbopanel-centos5 8/8 update | 1.9 kB 00:00 update/primary_db | 463 kB 00:00 Setting up Update Process No Packages marked for Update [root@ip-XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX /]# php -v PHP 5.1.6 (cli) (built: Jan 13 2010 17:13:05) Copyright (c) 1997-2006 The PHP Group Zend Engine v2.1.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2006 Zend Technolog [root@ip-XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX /]# No Packages marked for Update [root@ip-XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX /]# php -v bash: No: command not found [root@ip-XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX /]# [root@ip-XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX /]# php -v bash: [root@ip-XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX: command not found [root@ip-XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX /]# PHP 5.1.6 (cli) (built: Jan 13 2010 17:13:05) bash: syntax error near unexpected token `(' [root@ip-XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX /]# Copyright (c) 1997-2006 The PHP Group bash: syntax error near unexpected token `c' [root@ip-XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX /]# Zend Engine v2.1.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2006 Zend Technologies bash: syntax error near unexpected token `(' [root@ip-XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX /]# My PHP version is 5.1.6 before, and after running the command. Am I being too naive here with this update process? Is there a more verbose route that is necessary for me to take?

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  • ESXi - change to thin - virtual disk filesize is the same

    - by sven
    running ESXi 5.5 here with a datastore on a single SSD. Now, I thought about changing to thin disks from thick and found that I could use a tool on the ESXi host to do that. However, the file size of the new created virtual disk is not changing. I run: vmkfstools -i loader.vmdk -d 'thin' thinloader.vmdk Destination disk format: VMFS thin-provisioned Cloning disk 'loader.vmdk'... Clone: 100% done. After that I compared the virtual disksizes: ls -la *.vmdk -rw------- 1 root root 32212254720 Jun 10 08:25 loader-flat.vmdk -rw------- 1 root root 467 May 21 17:04 loader.vmdk -rw------- 1 root root 32212254720 Jun 10 08:27 thinloader-flat.vmdk -rw------- 1 root root 520 Jun 10 08:33 thinloader.vmdk Stats on the original file: stat loader.vmdk File: loader.vmdk Size: 467 Blocks: 0 IO Block: 131072 regular file Device: 8bf64d175e27544ch/10085333178302026828d Inode: 419443780 Links: 1 Access: (0600/-rw-------) Uid: ( 0/ root) Gid: ( 0/ root) Access: 2014-01-25 10:17:34.000000000 Modify: 2014-05-21 17:04:06.000000000 Change: 2014-05-21 17:04:06.000000000 and on the thin file: stat thinloader.vmdk File: thinloader.vmdk Size: 520 Blocks: 0 IO Block: 131072 regular file Device: 8bf64d175e27544ch/10085333178302026828d Inode: 432026692 Links: 1 Access: (0600/-rw-------) Uid: ( 0/ root) Gid: ( 0/ root) Access: 2014-06-10 08:27:45.000000000 Modify: 2014-06-10 08:33:30.000000000 Change: 2014-06-10 08:33:30.000000000 Anyone an idea why the disk is not providing any more space (tried with multiple VM's already - all the same)? Also, I have noticed that the newly created file "autoappend" "-flat" to the disk ... Thanks Sven Update - diff of the vmdk config* --- loader.vmdk +++ thinloader.vmdk @@ -7,15 +7,17 @@ createType="vmfs" -RW 62914560 VMFS "loader-flat.vmdk" +RW 62914560 VMFS "thinloader-flat.vmdk" ddb.adapterType = "lsilogic" +ddb.deletable = "true" ddb.geometry.cylinders = "3916" ddb.geometry.heads = "255" ddb.geometry.sectors = "63" ddb.longContentID = "6d95855805dfa0079327dfee29b48dca" -ddb.uuid = "60 00 C2 98 d5 7d 17 bf-ac 54 70 b1 2d 39 43 d5" +ddb.thinProvisioned = "1" +ddb.uuid = "60 00 C2 93 c4 13 6c cf-bb 7b 34 c9 2c b4 dc 1e" ddb.virtualHWVersion = "8"

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  • NumLock is so weired in Ubuntu

    - by ???
    The NumLock and the keypad is so weired in Ubuntu. I have two computers, A is a desktop, with USB keyboard, B is a laptop, with laptop keyboard and another USB keyboard. On the desktop A, whether the NumLock is on or off, the number keys on the keypad just don't work. Also the NumLock LED is always off. The logs shown in xev: KeyPress event, serial 36, synthetic NO, window 0x6800001, root 0xb0, subw 0x0, time 9541332, (172,-12), root:(1846,452), state 0x0, keycode 77 (keysym 0xff7f, Num_Lock), same_screen YES, XLookupString gives 0 bytes: XmbLookupString gives 0 bytes: XFilterEvent returns: False KeyRelease event, serial 36, synthetic NO, window 0x6800001, root 0xb0, subw 0x0, time 9541412, (172,-12), root:(1846,452), state 0x0, keycode 77 (keysym 0xff7f, Num_Lock), same_screen YES, XLookupString gives 0 bytes: XFilterEvent returns: False And on the laptop B, I found that, when the NumLock is on, then many key combinations won't work. For example, generally Ctrl-A is used to select all, but it won't work when NumLock is on. The logs shown in xev: (no log when pressed Fn+NumLock on the laptop keyboard) Logs when pressed the NumLock on the USB keyboard: (Switch On) KeyPress event, serial 40, synthetic NO, window 0xb600001, root 0xac, subw 0x0, time 22187595, (102,107), root:(1198,133), state 0x10, keycode 77 (keysym 0xff7f, Num_Lock), same_screen YES, XLookupString gives 0 bytes: XmbLookupString gives 0 bytes: XFilterEvent returns: False PropertyNotify event, serial 40, synthetic NO, window 0xb600001, atom 0x1b8 (XKLAVIER_STATE), time 22187601, state PropertyNewValue KeyRelease event, serial 40, synthetic NO, window 0xb600001, root 0xac, subw 0x0, time 22187723, (102,107), root:(1198,133), state 0x10, keycode 77 (keysym 0xff7f, Num_Lock), same_screen YES, XLookupString gives 0 bytes: XFilterEvent returns: False (Switch Off) KeyPress event, serial 40, synthetic NO, window 0xb600001, root 0xac, subw 0x0, time 22187899, (102,107), root:(1198,133), state 0x0, keycode 77 (keysym 0xff7f, Num_Lock), same_screen YES, XLookupString gives 0 bytes: XmbLookupString gives 0 bytes: XFilterEvent returns: False PropertyNotify event, serial 40, synthetic NO, window 0xb600001, atom 0x1b8 (XKLAVIER_STATE), time 22187904, state PropertyNewValue KeyRelease event, serial 40, synthetic NO, window 0xb600001, root 0xac, subw 0x0, time 22188003, (102,107), root:(1198,133), state 0x10, keycode 77 (keysym 0xff7f, Num_Lock), same_screen YES, XLookupString gives 0 bytes: XFilterEvent returns: False

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  • How to make NumLock behavior just like in Windows?

    - by ???
    The NumLock and the keypad is so weired in Ubuntu. I have two computers, A is a desktop, with USB keyboard, B is a laptop, with laptop keyboard and another USB keyboard. On the desktop A, whether the NumLock is on or off, the number keys on the keypad just don't work. Also the NumLock LED is always off. The logs shown in xev: KeyPress event, serial 36, synthetic NO, window 0x6800001, root 0xb0, subw 0x0, time 9541332, (172,-12), root:(1846,452), state 0x0, keycode 77 (keysym 0xff7f, Num_Lock), same_screen YES, XLookupString gives 0 bytes: XmbLookupString gives 0 bytes: XFilterEvent returns: False KeyRelease event, serial 36, synthetic NO, window 0x6800001, root 0xb0, subw 0x0, time 9541412, (172,-12), root:(1846,452), state 0x0, keycode 77 (keysym 0xff7f, Num_Lock), same_screen YES, XLookupString gives 0 bytes: XFilterEvent returns: False And on the laptop B, I found that, when the NumLock is on, then many key combinations won't work. For example, generally Ctrl-A is used to select all, but it won't work when NumLock is on. The logs shown in xev: (no log when pressed Fn+NumLock on the laptop keyboard) Logs when pressed the NumLock on the USB keyboard: (Switch On) KeyPress event, serial 40, synthetic NO, window 0xb600001, root 0xac, subw 0x0, time 22187595, (102,107), root:(1198,133), state 0x10, keycode 77 (keysym 0xff7f, Num_Lock), same_screen YES, XLookupString gives 0 bytes: XmbLookupString gives 0 bytes: XFilterEvent returns: False PropertyNotify event, serial 40, synthetic NO, window 0xb600001, atom 0x1b8 (XKLAVIER_STATE), time 22187601, state PropertyNewValue KeyRelease event, serial 40, synthetic NO, window 0xb600001, root 0xac, subw 0x0, time 22187723, (102,107), root:(1198,133), state 0x10, keycode 77 (keysym 0xff7f, Num_Lock), same_screen YES, XLookupString gives 0 bytes: XFilterEvent returns: False (Switch Off) KeyPress event, serial 40, synthetic NO, window 0xb600001, root 0xac, subw 0x0, time 22187899, (102,107), root:(1198,133), state 0x0, keycode 77 (keysym 0xff7f, Num_Lock), same_screen YES, XLookupString gives 0 bytes: XmbLookupString gives 0 bytes: XFilterEvent returns: False PropertyNotify event, serial 40, synthetic NO, window 0xb600001, atom 0x1b8 (XKLAVIER_STATE), time 22187904, state PropertyNewValue KeyRelease event, serial 40, synthetic NO, window 0xb600001, root 0xac, subw 0x0, time 22188003, (102,107), root:(1198,133), state 0x10, keycode 77 (keysym 0xff7f, Num_Lock), same_screen YES, XLookupString gives 0 bytes: XFilterEvent returns: False

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  • Repeated installation of malicious software to do outbound DDOS attack [duplicate]

    - by user224294
    This question already has an answer here: How do I deal with a compromised server? 12 answers We have a Ubuntu Vitual Private Server hosted by a Canadian company. Out VPS was affected to do "outbound DDOS attack" as reported by server security team. There are 4 files in /boot looks like iptable, please note that the capital letter "I","L". VPS:/boot# ls -lha total 1.8M drwx------ 2 root root 4.0K Jun 3 09:25 . drwxr-xr-x 22 root root 4.0K Jun 3 09:25 .. -r----x--x 1 root root 1.1M Jun 3 09:25 .IptabLes -r----x--x 1 root root 706K Jun 3 09:23 .IptabLex -r----x--x 1 root root 33 Jun 3 09:25 IptabLes -r----x--x 1 root root 33 Jun 3 09:23 IptabLex We deleted them. But after a few hours, they appeared again and the attack resumed. We deleted them again. They resurfaced again. So on and so forth. So finally we have to disable our VPS. Please let us know how can we find the malicious script somewhere in the VPS, which can automatically install such attcking software? Thanks.

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  • Making Sense of ASP.NET Paths

    - by Rick Strahl
    ASP.Net includes quite a plethora of properties to retrieve path information about the current request, control and application. There's a ton of information available about paths on the Request object, some of it appearing to overlap and some of it buried several levels down, and it can be confusing to find just the right path that you are looking for. To keep things straight I thought it a good idea to summarize the path options along with descriptions and example paths. I wrote a post about this a long time ago in 2004 and I find myself frequently going back to that page to quickly figure out which path I’m looking for in processing the current URL. Apparently a lot of people must be doing the same, because the original post is the second most visited even to this date on this blog to the tune of nearly 500 hits per day. So, I decided to update and expand a bit on the original post with a little more information and clarification based on the original comments. Request Object Paths Available Here's a list of the Path related properties on the Request object (and the Page object). Assume a path like http://www.west-wind.com/webstore/admin/paths.aspx for the paths below where webstore is the name of the virtual. .blackborder td { border-bottom: solid 1px silver; border-left: solid 1px silver; } Request Property Description and Value ApplicationPath Returns the web root-relative logical path to the virtual root of this app. /webstore/ PhysicalApplicationPath Returns local file system path of the virtual root for this app. c:\inetpub\wwwroot\webstore PhysicalPath Returns the local file system path to the current script or path. c:\inetpub\wwwroot\webstore\admin\paths.aspx Path FilePath CurrentExecutionFilePath All of these return the full root relative logical path to the script page including path and scriptname. CurrentExcecutionFilePath will return the ‘current’ request path after a Transfer/Execute call while FilePath will always return the original request’s path. /webstore/admin/paths.aspx AppRelativeCurrentExecutionFilePath Returns an ASP.NET root relative virtual path to the script or path for the current request. If in  a Transfer/Execute call the transferred Path is returned. ~/admin/paths.aspx PathInfo Returns any extra path following the script name. If no extra path is provided returns the root-relative path (returns text in red below). string.Empty if no PathInfo is available. /webstore/admin/paths.aspx/ExtraPathInfo RawUrl Returns the full root relative URL including querystring and extra path as a string. /webstore/admin/paths.aspx?sku=wwhelp40 Url Returns a fully qualified URL including querystring and extra path. Note this is a Uri instance rather than string. http://www.west-wind.com/webstore/admin/paths.aspx?sku=wwhelp40 UrlReferrer The fully qualified URL of the page that sent the request. This is also a Uri instance and this value is null if the page was directly accessed by typing into the address bar or using an HttpClient based Referrer client Http header. http://www.west-wind.com/webstore/default.aspx?Info Control.TemplateSourceDirectory Returns the logical path to the folder of the page, master or user control on which it is called. This is useful if you need to know the path only to a Page or control from within the control. For non-file controls this returns the Page path. /webstore/admin/ As you can see there’s a ton of information available there for each of the three common path formats: Physical Path is an OS type path that points to a path or file on disk. Logical Path is a Web path that is relative to the Web server’s root. It includes the virtual plus the application relative path. ~/ (Root-relative) Path is an ASP.NET specific path that includes ~/ to indicate the virtual root Web path. ASP.NET can convert virtual paths into either logical paths using Control.ResolveUrl(), or physical paths using Server.MapPath(). Root relative paths are useful for specifying portable URLs that don’t rely on relative directory structures and very useful from within control or component code. You should be able to get any necessary format from ASP.NET from just about any path or script using these mechanisms. ~/ Root Relative Paths and ResolveUrl() and ResolveClientUrl() ASP.NET supports root-relative virtual path syntax in most of its URL properties in Web Forms. So you can easily specify a root relative path in a control rather than a location relative path: <asp:Image runat="server" ID="imgHelp" ImageUrl="~/images/help.gif" /> ASP.NET internally resolves this URL by using ResolveUrl("~/images/help.gif") to arrive at the root-relative URL of /webstore/images/help.gif which uses the Request.ApplicationPath as the basepath to replace the ~. By convention any custom Web controls also should use ResolveUrl() on URL properties to provide the same functionality. In your own code you can use Page.ResolveUrl() or Control.ResolveUrl() to accomplish the same thing: string imgPath = this.ResolveUrl("~/images/help.gif"); imgHelp.ImageUrl = imgPath; Unfortunately ResolveUrl() is limited to WebForm pages, so if you’re in an HttpHandler or Module it’s not available. ASP.NET Mvc also has it’s own more generic version of ResolveUrl in Url.Decode: <script src="<%= Url.Content("~/scripts/new.js") %>" type="text/javascript"></script> which is part of the UrlHelper class. In ASP.NET MVC the above sort of syntax is actually even more crucial than in WebForms due to the fact that views are not referencing specific pages but rather are often path based which can lead to various variations on how a particular view is referenced. In a Module or Handler code Control.ResolveUrl() unfortunately is not available which in retrospect seems like an odd design choice – URL resolution really should happen on a Request basis not as part of the Page framework. Luckily you can also rely on the static VirtualPathUtility class: string path = VirtualPathUtility.ToAbsolute("~/admin/paths.aspx"); VirtualPathUtility also many other quite useful methods for dealing with paths and converting between the various kinds of paths supported. One thing to watch out for is that ToAbsolute() will throw an exception if a query string is provided and doesn’t work on fully qualified URLs. I wrote about this topic with a custom solution that works fully qualified URLs and query strings here (check comments for some interesting discussions too). Similar to ResolveUrl() is ResolveClientUrl() which creates a fully qualified HTTP path that includes the protocol and domain name. It’s rare that this full resolution is needed but can be useful in some scenarios. Mapping Virtual Paths to Physical Paths with Server.MapPath() If you need to map root relative or current folder relative URLs to physical URLs or you can use HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath(). Inside of a Page you can do the following: string physicalPath = Server.MapPath("~/scripts/ww.jquery.js")); MapPath is pretty flexible and it understands both ASP.NET style virtual paths as well as plain relative paths, so the following also works. string physicalPath = Server.MapPath("scripts/silverlight.js"); as well as dot relative syntax: string physicalPath = Server.MapPath("../scripts/jquery.js"); Once you have the physical path you can perform standard System.IO Path and File operations on the file. Remember with physical paths and IO or copy operations you need to make sure you have permissions to access files and folders based on the Web server user account that is active (NETWORK SERVICE, ASPNET typically). Note the Server.MapPath will not map up beyond the virtual root of the application for security reasons. Server and Host Information Between these settings you can get all the information you may need to figure out where you are at and to build new Url if necessary. If you need to build a URL completely from scratch you can get access to information about the server you are accessing: Server Variable Function and Example SERVER_NAME The of the domain or IP Address wwww.west-wind.com or 127.0.0.1 SERVER_PORT The port that the request runs under. 80 SERVER_PORT_SECURE Determines whether https: was used. 0 or 1 APPL_MD_PATH ADSI DirectoryServices path to the virtual root directory. Note that LM typically doesn’t work for ADSI access so you should replace that with LOCALHOST or the machine’s NetBios name. /LM/W3SVC/1/ROOT/webstore Request.Url and Uri Parsing If you still need more control over the current request URL or  you need to create new URLs from an existing one, the current Request.Url Uri property offers a lot of control. Using the Uri class and UriBuilder makes it easy to retrieve parts of a URL and create new URLs based on existing URL. The UriBuilder class is the preferred way to create URLs – much preferable over creating URIs via string concatenation. Uri Property Function Scheme The URL scheme or protocol prefix. http or https Port The port if specifically specified. DnsSafeHost The domain name or local host NetBios machine name www.west-wind.com or rasnote LocalPath The full path of the URL including script name and extra PathInfo. /webstore/admin/paths.aspx Query The query string if any ?id=1 The Uri class itself is great for retrieving Uri parts, but most of the properties are read only if you need to modify a URL in order to change it you can use the UriBuilder class to load up an existing URL and modify it to create a new one. Here are a few common operations I’ve needed to do to get specific URLs: Convert the Request URL to an SSL/HTTPS link For example to take the current request URL and converted  it to a secure URL can be done like this: UriBuilder build = new UriBuilder(Request.Url); build.Scheme = "https"; build.Port = -1; // don't inject port Uri newUri = build.Uri; string newUrl = build.ToString(); Retrieve the fully qualified URL without a QueryString AFAIK, there’s no native routine to retrieve the current request URL without the query string. It’s easy to do with UriBuilder however: UriBuilder builder = newUriBuilder(Request.Url); builder.Query = ""; stringlogicalPathWithoutQuery = builder.ToString(); What else? I took a look through the old post’s comments and addressed as many of the questions and comments that came up in there. With a few small and silly exceptions this update post handles most of these. But I’m sure there are a more things that go in here. What else would be useful to put onto this post so it serves as a nice all in one place to go for path references? If you think of something leave a comment and I’ll try to update the post with it in the future.© Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2010Posted in ASP.NET  

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  • Making Sense of ASP.NET Paths

    - by Renso
    Making Sense of ASP.NET Paths ASP.Net includes quite a plethora of properties to retrieve path information about the current request, control and application. There's a ton of information available about paths on the Request object, some of it appearing to overlap and some of it buried several levels down, and it can be confusing to find just the right path that you are looking for. To keep things straight I thought it a good idea to summarize the path options along with descriptions and example paths. I wrote a post about this a long time ago in 2004 and I find myself frequently going back to that page to quickly figure out which path I’m looking for in processing the current URL. Apparently a lot of people must be doing the same, because the original post is the second most visited even to this date on this blog to the tune of nearly 500 hits per day. So, I decided to update and expand a bit on the original post with a little more information and clarification based on the original comments. Request Object Paths Available Here's a list of the Path related properties on the Request object (and the Page object). Assume a path like http://www.west-wind.com/webstore/admin/paths.aspx for the paths below where webstore is the name of the virtual. Request Property Description and Value ApplicationPath Returns the web root-relative logical path to the virtual root of this app. /webstore/ PhysicalApplicationPath Returns local file system path of the virtual root for this app. c:\inetpub\wwwroot\webstore PhysicalPath Returns the local file system path to the current script or path. c:\inetpub\wwwroot\webstore\admin\paths.aspx Path FilePath CurrentExecutionFilePath All of these return the full root relative logical path to the script page including path and scriptname. CurrentExcecutionFilePath will return the ‘current’ request path after a Transfer/Execute call while FilePath will always return the original request’s path. /webstore/admin/paths.aspx AppRelativeCurrentExecutionFilePath Returns an ASP.NET root relative virtual path to the script or path for the current request. If in  a Transfer/Execute call the transferred Path is returned. ~/admin/paths.aspx PathInfo Returns any extra path following the script name. If no extra path is provided returns the root-relative path (returns text in red below). string.Empty if no PathInfo is available. /webstore/admin/paths.aspx/ExtraPathInfo RawUrl Returns the full root relative URL including querystring and extra path as a string. /webstore/admin/paths.aspx?sku=wwhelp40 Url Returns a fully qualified URL including querystring and extra path. Note this is a Uri instance rather than string. http://www.west-wind.com/webstore/admin/paths.aspx?sku=wwhelp40 UrlReferrer The fully qualified URL of the page that sent the request. This is also a Uri instance and this value is null if the page was directly accessed by typing into the address bar or using an HttpClient based Referrer client Http header. http://www.west-wind.com/webstore/default.aspx?Info Control.TemplateSourceDirectory Returns the logical path to the folder of the page, master or user control on which it is called. This is useful if you need to know the path only to a Page or control from within the control. For non-file controls this returns the Page path. /webstore/admin/ As you can see there’s a ton of information available there for each of the three common path formats: Physical Path is an OS type path that points to a path or file on disk. Logical Path is a Web path that is relative to the Web server’s root. It includes the virtual plus the application relative path. ~/ (Root-relative) Path is an ASP.NET specific path that includes ~/ to indicate the virtual root Web path. ASP.NET can convert virtual paths into either logical paths using Control.ResolveUrl(), or physical paths using Server.MapPath(). Root relative paths are useful for specifying portable URLs that don’t rely on relative directory structures and very useful from within control or component code. You should be able to get any necessary format from ASP.NET from just about any path or script using these mechanisms. ~/ Root Relative Paths and ResolveUrl() and ResolveClientUrl() ASP.NET supports root-relative virtual path syntax in most of its URL properties in Web Forms. So you can easily specify a root relative path in a control rather than a location relative path: <asp:Image runat="server" ID="imgHelp" ImageUrl="~/images/help.gif" /> ASP.NET internally resolves this URL by using ResolveUrl("~/images/help.gif") to arrive at the root-relative URL of /webstore/images/help.gif which uses the Request.ApplicationPath as the basepath to replace the ~. By convention any custom Web controls also should use ResolveUrl() on URL properties to provide the same functionality. In your own code you can use Page.ResolveUrl() or Control.ResolveUrl() to accomplish the same thing: string imgPath = this.ResolveUrl("~/images/help.gif"); imgHelp.ImageUrl = imgPath; Unfortunately ResolveUrl() is limited to WebForm pages, so if you’re in an HttpHandler or Module it’s not available. ASP.NET Mvc also has it’s own more generic version of ResolveUrl in Url.Decode: <script src="<%= Url.Content("~/scripts/new.js") %>" type="text/javascript"></script> which is part of the UrlHelper class. In ASP.NET MVC the above sort of syntax is actually even more crucial than in WebForms due to the fact that views are not referencing specific pages but rather are often path based which can lead to various variations on how a particular view is referenced. In a Module or Handler code Control.ResolveUrl() unfortunately is not available which in retrospect seems like an odd design choice – URL resolution really should happen on a Request basis not as part of the Page framework. Luckily you can also rely on the static VirtualPathUtility class: string path = VirtualPathUtility.ToAbsolute("~/admin/paths.aspx"); VirtualPathUtility also many other quite useful methods for dealing with paths and converting between the various kinds of paths supported. One thing to watch out for is that ToAbsolute() will throw an exception if a query string is provided and doesn’t work on fully qualified URLs. I wrote about this topic with a custom solution that works fully qualified URLs and query strings here (check comments for some interesting discussions too). Similar to ResolveUrl() is ResolveClientUrl() which creates a fully qualified HTTP path that includes the protocol and domain name. It’s rare that this full resolution is needed but can be useful in some scenarios. Mapping Virtual Paths to Physical Paths with Server.MapPath() If you need to map root relative or current folder relative URLs to physical URLs or you can use HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath(). Inside of a Page you can do the following: string physicalPath = Server.MapPath("~/scripts/ww.jquery.js")); MapPath is pretty flexible and it understands both ASP.NET style virtual paths as well as plain relative paths, so the following also works. string physicalPath = Server.MapPath("scripts/silverlight.js"); as well as dot relative syntax: string physicalPath = Server.MapPath("../scripts/jquery.js"); Once you have the physical path you can perform standard System.IO Path and File operations on the file. Remember with physical paths and IO or copy operations you need to make sure you have permissions to access files and folders based on the Web server user account that is active (NETWORK SERVICE, ASPNET typically). Note the Server.MapPath will not map up beyond the virtual root of the application for security reasons. Server and Host Information Between these settings you can get all the information you may need to figure out where you are at and to build new Url if necessary. If you need to build a URL completely from scratch you can get access to information about the server you are accessing: Server Variable Function and Example SERVER_NAME The of the domain or IP Address wwww.west-wind.com or 127.0.0.1 SERVER_PORT The port that the request runs under. 80 SERVER_PORT_SECURE Determines whether https: was used. 0 or 1 APPL_MD_PATH ADSI DirectoryServices path to the virtual root directory. Note that LM typically doesn’t work for ADSI access so you should replace that with LOCALHOST or the machine’s NetBios name. /LM/W3SVC/1/ROOT/webstore Request.Url and Uri Parsing If you still need more control over the current request URL or  you need to create new URLs from an existing one, the current Request.Url Uri property offers a lot of control. Using the Uri class and UriBuilder makes it easy to retrieve parts of a URL and create new URLs based on existing URL. The UriBuilder class is the preferred way to create URLs – much preferable over creating URIs via string concatenation. Uri Property Function Scheme The URL scheme or protocol prefix. http or https Port The port if specifically specified. DnsSafeHost The domain name or local host NetBios machine name www.west-wind.com or rasnote LocalPath The full path of the URL including script name and extra PathInfo. /webstore/admin/paths.aspx Query The query string if any ?id=1 The Uri class itself is great for retrieving Uri parts, but most of the properties are read only if you need to modify a URL in order to change it you can use the UriBuilder class to load up an existing URL and modify it to create a new one. Here are a few common operations I’ve needed to do to get specific URLs: Convert the Request URL to an SSL/HTTPS link For example to take the current request URL and converted  it to a secure URL can be done like this: UriBuilder build = new UriBuilder(Request.Url); build.Scheme = "https"; build.Port = -1; // don't inject portUri newUri = build.Uri; string newUrl = build.ToString(); Retrieve the fully qualified URL without a QueryString AFAIK, there’s no native routine to retrieve the current request URL without the query string. It’s easy to do with UriBuilder however: UriBuilder builder = newUriBuilder(Request.Url); builder.Query = ""; stringlogicalPathWithoutQuery = builder.ToString();

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  • Why is my root filesystem always scanned at boot?

    - by luri
    I always have a pause at boot saying my filesystems are being checked (with a "press C to cancel" note, too). Actually (seeing boot.log) I think it's the / fs, which is located at /dev/sdb5 Several questions altoghether, here (hope this does not break any rule): Is this normal? Can I (or even should I) prevent this anyhow? According to boot.log (below) the fs does not seem to be 'clean', or, at least, it's in an state or condition that makes fsck always can it for errors for a while (just a few seconds). How can I fix it? Edit: This is my boot.log: fsck desde util-linux-ng 2.17.2 udevd[515]: can not read '/etc/udev/rules.d/z80_user.rules' /dev/sdb5: 249045/32841728 ficheros (0.3% no contiguos), 20488485/131338752 bloques init: ureadahead-other main process (1111) terminated with status 4 init: ureadahead-other main process (1116) terminated with status 4 Password: * Starting AppArmor profiles [160G Skipping profile in /etc/apparmor.d/disable: usr.bin.firefox [154G[ OK ] * Setting sensors limits [160G [154G[ OK ] And this is dumpe2fs results for the filesystem being checked (well, the relevant part of the log): Filesystem volume name: <none> Last mounted on: / Filesystem UUID: 42509bf9-f3e6-460a-8947-ec0f5c1fbcc8 Filesystem magic number: 0xEF53 Filesystem revision #: 1 (dynamic) Filesystem features: has_journal ext_attr resize_inode dir_index filetype needs_recovery extent flex_bg sparse_super large_file huge_file uninit_bg dir_nlink extra_isize Filesystem flags: signed_directory_hash Default mount options: (none) Filesystem state: clean Errors behavior: Continue Filesystem OS type: Linux Inode count: 32841728 Block count: 131338752 Reserved block count: 6566937 Free blocks: 110850356 Free inodes: 32592701 First block: 0 Block size: 4096 Fragment size: 4096 Reserved GDT blocks: 992 Blocks per group: 32768 Fragments per group: 32768 Inodes per group: 8192 Inode blocks per group: 512 Flex block group size: 16 Filesystem created: Fri Dec 10 19:44:15 2010 Last mount time: Mon Feb 14 17:00:02 2011 Last write time: Mon Feb 14 16:59:45 2011 Mount count: 1 Maximum mount count: 33 Last checked: Mon Feb 14 16:59:45 2011 Check interval: 15552000 (6 months) Next check after: Sat Aug 13 17:59:45 2011 Lifetime writes: 331 GB Reserved blocks uid: 0 (user root) Reserved blocks gid: 0 (group root) First inode: 11 Inode size: 256 Required extra isize: 28 Desired extra isize: 28 Journal inode: 8 First orphan inode: 28049496 Default directory hash: half_md4 Directory Hash Seed: d3d24459-514b-4413-b840-e970b766095b Journal backup: inode blocks Journal features: journal_incompat_revoke Tamaño de fichero de transacciones: 128M Journal length: 32768 Journal sequence: 0x0005e0c4 Journal start: 1 This is the relevant (at least I think this is the fs being checked) line in fstab: #Entry for /dev/sdb5 : UUID=42509bf9-f3e6-460a-8947-ec0f5c1fbcc8 / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1

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  • PanelCollection Confusion ... or, what is an event root ?

    - by frank.nimphius
    Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} A command button added to the toolbar of a Panel Collection component does not cause field validation in a form when pressed. While this appears confusing it works as designed. Instead of a full page re-rendering, ADF Faces events and components can trigger partial page refresh, in which only portions of a page are refresh upon a request. In addition, some components - including the af:popup and af:subForm - represent event roots. Event roots don't propagated event notification outside of the component tag boundary, which means that the ADF Faces lifecycle only executed on components that are children of the event root component. The PanelCollection component is an event root and therefore only validates and refreshes data of its child components.

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  • Causes of sudden massive filesystem damage? ("root inode is not a directory")

    - by poolie
    I have a laptop running Maverick (very happily until yesterday), with a Patriot Torx SSD; LUKS encryption of the whole partition; one lvm physical volume on top of that; then home and root in ext4 logical volumes on top of that. When I tried to boot it yesterday, it complained that it couldn't mount the root filesystem. Running fsck, basically every inode seems to be wrong. Both home and root filesystems show similar problems. Checking a backup superblock doesn't help. e2fsck 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) lithe_root was not cleanly unmounted, check forced. Resize inode not valid. Recreate? no Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes Root inode is not a directory. Clear? no Root inode has dtime set (probably due to old mke2fs). Fix? no Inode 2 is in use, but has dtime set. Fix? no Inode 2 has a extra size (4730) which is invalid Fix? no Inode 2 has compression flag set on filesystem without compression support. Clear? no Inode 2 has INDEX_FL flag set but is not a directory. Clear HTree index? no HTREE directory inode 2 has an invalid root node. Clear HTree index? no Inode 2, i_size is 9581392125871137995, should be 0. Fix? no Inode 2, i_blocks is 40456527802719, should be 0. Fix? no Reserved inode 3 (<The ACL index inode>) has invalid mode. Clear? no Inode 3 has compression flag set on filesystem without compression support. Clear? no Inode 3 has INDEX_FL flag set but is not a directory. Clear HTree index? no .... Running strings across the filesystems, I can see there are what look like filenames and user data there. I do have sufficiently good backups (touch wood) that it's not worth grovelling around to pull back individual files, though I might save an image of the unencrypted disk before I rebuild, just in case. smartctl doesn't show any errors, neither does the kernel log. Running a write-mode badblocks across the swap lv doesn't find problems either. So the disk may be failing, but not in an obvious way. At this point I'm basically, as they say, fscked? Back to reinstalling, perhaps running badblocks over the disk, then restoring from backup? There doesn't even seem to be enough data to file a meaningful bug... I don't recall that this machine crashed last time I used it. At this point I suspect a bug or memory corruption caused it to write garbage across the disks when it was last running, or some kind of subtle failure mode for the SSD. What do you think would have caused this? Is there anything else you'd try?

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  • Unable to boot: Missing Operating system

    - by Vivek S Panicker
    i had installed Ubuntu 11.10 along with the another Ubuntu 11.10 which already installed in my netbook. Later I formatted the partition I newly installed. Next time when I boot it went to Grub Rescue menu. I boot my system again with Ubuntu USB stick, Then I installed Boot repair package in USB and restored MBR and GRUB menu in hard disk. Now when I am restarting, I am getting a message Missing operating system, press any key to continue. Can somebody help me on this? Below is the output for sudo fdisk -l omitting empty partition (7) Disk /dev/sda: 160.0 GB, 160041885696 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 19457 cylinders, total 312581808 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00058a60 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 204072287 102035120 83 Linux /dev/sda2 204072958 312580095 54253569 5 Extended /dev/sda5 310507520 312580095 1036288 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda6 308432896 310503423 1035264 82 Linux swap / Solaris Partition table entries are not in disk order Disk /dev/sdb: 4006 MB, 4006608896 bytes 124 heads, 62 sectors/track, 1017 cylinders, total 7825408 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x0004d3df Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 * 62 7818695 3909317 b W95 FAT32 Below is the output for sudo blkid /dev/loop0: TYPE="squashfs" /dev/loop1: LABEL="casper-rw" UUID="533defb1-f073-254a-b46f-7ca0ac1f4e0c" TYPE="ext2" /dev/sda1: LABEL="Ubuntu" UUID="6a141040-3ba8-457a-9de5-ad06e6057084" TYPE="ext4" /dev/sda5: UUID="3a7f62d6-9c65-4d12-a3b6-5d62b9710f7d" TYPE="swap" /dev/sda6: UUID="274da115-cec2-4418-a1af-88fe921e3670" TYPE="swap" /dev/sdb1: LABEL="PENDRIVE" UUID="EC22-6BE4" TYPE="vfat" File /boot/grub/grub.cfg # # DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE # # It is automatically generated by grub-mkconfig using templates # from /etc/grub.d and settings from /etc/default/grub # ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/00_header ### if [ -s $prefix/grubenv ]; then set have_grubenv=true load_env fi set default="0" if [ "${prev_saved_entry}" ]; then set saved_entry="${prev_saved_entry}" save_env saved_entry set prev_saved_entry= save_env prev_saved_entry set boot_once=true fi function savedefault { if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then saved_entry="${chosen}" save_env saved_entry fi } function recordfail { set recordfail=1 if [ -n "${have_grubenv}" ]; then if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then save_env recordfail; fi; fi } function load_video { insmod vbe insmod vga insmod video_bochs insmod video_cirrus } insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,msdos1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 6a141040-3ba8-457a-9de5-ad06e6057084 if loadfont /usr/share/grub/unicode.pf2 ; then set gfxmode=auto load_video insmod gfxterm insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,msdos1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 6a141040-3ba8-457a-9de5-ad06e6057084 set locale_dir=($root)/boot/grub/locale set lang=en_US insmod gettext fi terminal_output gfxterm if [ "${recordfail}" = 1 ]; then set timeout=10 else set timeout=10 fi ### END /etc/grub.d/00_header ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ### set menu_color_normal=white/black set menu_color_highlight=black/light-gray if background_color 44,0,30; then clear fi ### END /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/10_linux ### if [ ${recordfail} != 1 ]; then if [ -e ${prefix}/gfxblacklist.txt ]; then if hwmatch ${prefix}/gfxblacklist.txt 3; then if [ ${match} = 0 ]; then set linux_gfx_mode=keep else set linux_gfx_mode=text fi else set linux_gfx_mode=text fi else set linux_gfx_mode=keep fi else set linux_gfx_mode=text fi export linux_gfx_mode if [ "$linux_gfx_mode" != "text" ]; then load_video; fi menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 3.0.0-12-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os { recordfail set gfxpayload=$linux_gfx_mode insmod gzio insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,msdos1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 6a141040-3ba8-457a-9de5-ad06e6057084 linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.0.0-12-generic root=UUID=6a141040-3ba8-457a-9de5-ad06e6057084 ro quiet splash vt.handoff=7 initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.0.0-12-generic } menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 3.0.0-12-generic (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os { recordfail insmod gzio insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,msdos1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 6a141040-3ba8-457a-9de5-ad06e6057084 echo 'Loading Linux 3.0.0-12-generic ...' linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.0.0-12-generic root=UUID=6a141040-3ba8-457a-9de5-ad06e6057084 ro recovery nomodeset echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...' initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.0.0-12-generic } ### END /etc/grub.d/10_linux ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ### ### END /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_memtest86+ ### menuentry "Memory test (memtest86+)" { insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,msdos1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 6a141040-3ba8-457a-9de5-ad06e6057084 linux16 /boot/memtest86+.bin } menuentry "Memory test (memtest86+, serial console 115200)" { insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,msdos1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 6a141040-3ba8-457a-9de5-ad06e6057084 linux16 /boot/memtest86+.bin console=ttyS0,115200n8 } ### END /etc/grub.d/20_memtest86+ ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ### ### END /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/40_custom ### # This file provides an easy way to add custom menu entries. Simply type the # menu entries you want to add after this comment. Be careful not to change # the 'exec tail' line above. ### END /etc/grub.d/40_custom ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/41_custom ### if [ -f $prefix/custom.cfg ]; then source $prefix/custom.cfg; fi ### END /etc/grub.d/41_custom ###

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  • PHP-FPM High Memory Usage

    - by Ruel
    I have a wordpress blog, that uses WP-SuperCache, and normally I get 100 visitors per day. With nginx + php-fpm it's blazing fast, and I have no regrets. One thing i noticed, php-fpm takes a lot of memory: top - 09:20:43 up 5 days, 15:53, 1 user, load average: 0.00, 0.00, 0.00 Tasks: 26 total, 1 running, 25 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 0.0%us, 0.0%sy, 0.0%ni,100.0%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st Mem: 1048576k total, 329956k used, 718620k free, 0k buffers Swap: 0k total, 0k used, 0k free, 0k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 10226 www-data 15 0 145m 52m 4584 S 0.0 5.1 0:07.55 php-fpm 10223 www-data 16 0 141m 48m 4692 S 0.0 4.8 0:08.70 php-fpm 20277 www-data 15 0 138m 46m 4368 S 0.0 4.5 0:07.55 php-fpm 20259 www-data 15 0 133m 41m 4600 S 0.0 4.0 0:06.68 php-fpm 12201 www-data 15 0 133m 41m 4632 S 0.0 4.0 0:08.31 php-fpm 11586 www-data 15 0 132m 40m 4292 S 0.0 3.9 0:03.27 php-fpm 29822 www-data 15 0 128m 36m 4356 S 0.0 3.6 0:05.26 php-fpm 28427 mysql 15 0 200m 7300 4764 S 0.0 0.7 0:47.89 mysqld 10202 root 18 0 98.3m 4320 1204 S 0.0 0.4 0:03.80 php-fpm 22524 root 18 0 86064 3396 2652 S 0.0 0.3 0:16.74 sshd 9882 www-data 18 0 42052 2572 804 S 0.0 0.2 0:27.52 nginx 9884 www-data 18 0 42052 2560 804 S 0.0 0.2 0:26.26 nginx 9881 www-data 18 0 42064 2524 804 S 0.0 0.2 0:29.24 nginx 9879 www-data 18 0 42032 2480 804 S 0.0 0.2 0:29.58 nginx 23771 root 15 0 12176 1820 1316 S 0.0 0.2 0:00.08 bash 28344 root 22 0 11932 1416 1184 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.00 mysqld_safe 18167 root 16 0 62628 1208 648 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.55 sshd 25941 root 15 0 12612 1192 928 R 0.0 0.1 0:02.21 top 11573 root 15 0 20876 1168 592 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.67 crond 9878 root 18 0 41000 1112 284 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.00 nginx 21736 root 23 0 21648 936 716 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.00 xinetd 11585 root 18 0 46748 816 428 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.00 saslauthd 14125 root 12 -4 12768 768 452 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.00 udevd 1 root 18 0 10352 728 616 S 0.0 0.1 0:17.93 init 24564 root 15 0 5912 680 544 S 0.0 0.1 0:01.90 syslogd 11618 root 18 0 46748 548 160 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.00 saslauthd Here's my php-fpm config: [global] pid = run/php-fpm.pid error_log = log/php-fpm.log log_level = notice [www] listen = 127.0.0.1:9000 user = www-data group = www-data pm = dynamic pm.max_children = 50 pm.start_servers = 3 pm.min_spare_servers = 3 pm.max_spare_servers = 10 pm.max_requests = 500 Sometimes it goes up to 400MB. And I'm planning to add a new website on my VPS. Is this normal?

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  • Sendmail Failing to Forward Locally Addressed Mail to Exchange Server

    - by DomainSoil
    I've recently gained employment as a web developer with a small company. What they neglected to tell me upon hire was that I would be administrating the server along with my other daily duties. Now, truth be told, I'm not clueless when it comes to these things, but this is my first rodeo working with a rack server/console.. However, I'm confident that I will be able to work through any solutions you provide. Short Description: When a customer places an order via our (Magento CE 1.8.1.0) website, a copy of said order is supposed to be BCC'd to our sales manager. I say supposed because this was a working feature before the old administrator left. Long Description: Shortly after I started, we had a server crash which required a server restart. After restart, we noticed a few features on our site weren't working, but all those have been cleaned up except this one. I had to create an account on our server for root access. When a customer places an order, our sites software (Magento CE 1.8.1.0) is configured to BCC the customers order email to our sales manager. We use a Microsoft Exchange 2007 Server for our mail, which is hosted on a different machine (in-house) that I don't have access to ATM, but I'm sure I could if needed. As far as I can tell, all other external emails work.. Only INTERNAL email addresses fail to deliver. I know this because I've also tested my own internal address via our website. I set up an account with an internal email, made a test order, and never received the email. I changed my email for the account to an external GMail account, and received emails as expected. Let's dive into the logs and config's. For privacy/security reasons, names have been changed to the following: domain.com = Our Top Level Domain. email.local = Our Exchange Server. example.com = ANY other TLD. OLDadmin = Our previous Server Administrator. NEWadmin = Me. SALES@ = Our Sales Manager. Customer# = A Customer. Here's a list of the programs and config files used that hold relevant for this issue: Server: > [root@www ~]# cat /etc/centos-release CentOS release 6.3 (final) Sendmail: > [root@www ~]# sendmail -d0.1 -bt < /dev/null Version 8.14.4 ========SYSTEM IDENTITY (after readcf)======== (short domain name) $w = domain (canonical domain name) $j = domain.com (subdomain name) $m = com (node name) $k = www.domain.com > [root@www ~]# rpm -qa | grep -i sendmail sendmail-cf-8.14.4-8.e16.noarch sendmail-8.14-4-8.e16.x86_64 nslookup: > [root@www ~]# nslookup email.local Name: email.local Address: 192.168.1.50 hostname: > [root@www ~]# hostname www.domain.com /etc/mail/access: > [root@www ~]# vi /etc/mail/access Connect:localhost.localdomain RELAY Connect:localhost RELAY Connect:127.0.0.1 RELAY /etc/mail/domaintable: > [root@www ~]# vi /etc/mail/domaintable # /etc/mail/local-host-names: > [root@www ~]# vi /etc/mail/local-host-names # /etc/mail/mailertable: > [root@www ~]# vi /etc/mail/mailertable # /etc/mail/sendmail.cf: > [root@www ~]# vi /etc/mail/sendmail.cf ###################################################################### ##### ##### DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE! Only edit the source .mc file. ##### ###################################################################### ###################################################################### ##### $Id: cfhead.m4,v 8.120 2009/01/23 22:39:21 ca Exp $ ##### ##### $Id: cf.m4,v 8.32 1999/02/07 07:26:14 gshapiro Exp $ ##### ##### setup for linux ##### ##### $Id: linux.m4,v 8.13 2000/09/17 17:30:00 gshapiro Exp $ ##### ##### $Id: local_procmail.m4,v 8.22 2002/11/17 04:24:19 ca Exp $ ##### ##### $Id: no_default_msa.m4,v 8.2 2001/02/14 05:03:22 gshapiro Exp $ ##### ##### $Id: smrsh.m4,v 8.14 1999/11/18 05:06:23 ca Exp $ ##### ##### $Id: mailertable.m4,v 8.25 2002/06/27 23:23:57 gshapiro Exp $ ##### ##### $Id: virtusertable.m4,v 8.23 2002/06/27 23:23:57 gshapiro Exp $ ##### ##### $Id: redirect.m4,v 8.15 1999/08/06 01:47:36 gshapiro Exp $ ##### ##### $Id: always_add_domain.m4,v 8.11 2000/09/12 22:00:53 ca Exp $ ##### ##### $Id: use_cw_file.m4,v 8.11 2001/08/26 20:58:57 gshapiro Exp $ ##### ##### $Id: use_ct_file.m4,v 8.11 2001/08/26 20:58:57 gshapiro Exp $ ##### ##### $Id: local_procmail.m4,v 8.22 2002/11/17 04:24:19 ca Exp $ ##### ##### $Id: access_db.m4,v 8.27 2006/07/06 21:10:10 ca Exp $ ##### ##### $Id: blacklist_recipients.m4,v 8.13 1999/04/02 02:25:13 gshapiro Exp $ ##### ##### $Id: accept_unresolvable_domains.m4,v 8.10 1999/02/07 07:26:07 gshapiro Exp $ ##### ##### $Id: masquerade_envelope.m4,v 8.9 1999/02/07 07:26:10 gshapiro Exp $ ##### ##### $Id: masquerade_entire_domain.m4,v 8.9 1999/02/07 07:26:10 gshapiro Exp $ ##### ##### $Id: proto.m4,v 8.741 2009/12/11 00:04:53 ca Exp $ ##### # level 10 config file format V10/Berkeley # override file safeties - setting this option compromises system security, # addressing the actual file configuration problem is preferred # need to set this before any file actions are encountered in the cf file #O DontBlameSendmail=safe # default LDAP map specification # need to set this now before any LDAP maps are defined #O LDAPDefaultSpec=-h localhost ################## # local info # ################## # my LDAP cluster # need to set this before any LDAP lookups are done (including classes) #D{sendmailMTACluster}$m Cwlocalhost # file containing names of hosts for which we receive email Fw/etc/mail/local-host-names # my official domain name # ... define this only if sendmail cannot automatically determine your domain #Dj$w.Foo.COM # host/domain names ending with a token in class P are canonical CP. # "Smart" relay host (may be null) DSemail.local # operators that cannot be in local usernames (i.e., network indicators) CO @ % ! # a class with just dot (for identifying canonical names) C.. # a class with just a left bracket (for identifying domain literals) C[[ # access_db acceptance class C{Accept}OK RELAY C{ResOk}OKR # Hosts for which relaying is permitted ($=R) FR-o /etc/mail/relay-domains # arithmetic map Karith arith # macro storage map Kmacro macro # possible values for TLS_connection in access map C{Tls}VERIFY ENCR # who I send unqualified names to if FEATURE(stickyhost) is used # (null means deliver locally) DRemail.local. # who gets all local email traffic # ($R has precedence for unqualified names if FEATURE(stickyhost) is used) DHemail.local. # dequoting map Kdequote dequote # class E: names that should be exposed as from this host, even if we masquerade # class L: names that should be delivered locally, even if we have a relay # class M: domains that should be converted to $M # class N: domains that should not be converted to $M #CL root C{E}root C{w}localhost.localdomain C{M}domain.com # who I masquerade as (null for no masquerading) (see also $=M) DMdomain.com # my name for error messages DnMAILER-DAEMON # Mailer table (overriding domains) Kmailertable hash -o /etc/mail/mailertable.db # Virtual user table (maps incoming users) Kvirtuser hash -o /etc/mail/virtusertable.db CPREDIRECT # Access list database (for spam stomping) Kaccess hash -T<TMPF> -o /etc/mail/access.db # Configuration version number DZ8.14.4 /etc/mail/sendmail.mc: > [root@www ~]# vi /etc/mail/sendmail.mc divert(-1)dnl dnl # dnl # This is the sendmail macro config file for m4. If you make changes to dnl # /etc/mail/sendmail.mc, you will need to regenerate the dnl # /etc/mail/sendmail.cf file by confirming that the sendmail-cf package is dnl # installed and then performing a dnl # dnl # /etc/mail/make dnl # include(`/usr/share/sendmail-cf/m4/cf.m4')dnl VERSIONID(`setup for linux')dnl OSTYPE(`linux')dnl dnl # dnl # Do not advertize sendmail version. dnl # dnl define(`confSMTP_LOGIN_MSG', `$j Sendmail; $b')dnl dnl # dnl # default logging level is 9, you might want to set it higher to dnl # debug the configuration dnl # dnl define(`confLOG_LEVEL', `9')dnl dnl # dnl # Uncomment and edit the following line if your outgoing mail needs to dnl # be sent out through an external mail server: dnl # define(`SMART_HOST', `email.local')dnl dnl # define(`confDEF_USER_ID', ``8:12'')dnl dnl define(`confAUTO_REBUILD')dnl define(`confTO_CONNECT', `1m')dnl define(`confTRY_NULL_MX_LIST', `True')dnl define(`confDONT_PROBE_INTERFACES', `True')dnl define(`PROCMAIL_MAILER_PATH', `/usr/bin/procmail')dnl define(`ALIAS_FILE', `/etc/aliases')dnl define(`STATUS_FILE', `/var/log/mail/statistics')dnl define(`UUCP_MAILER_MAX', `2000000')dnl define(`confUSERDB_SPEC', `/etc/mail/userdb.db')dnl define(`confPRIVACY_FLAGS', `authwarnings,novrfy,noexpn,restrictqrun')dnl define(`confAUTH_OPTIONS', `A')dnl dnl # dnl # The following allows relaying if the user authenticates, and disallows dnl # plaintext authentication (PLAIN/LOGIN) on non-TLS links dnl # dnl define(`confAUTH_OPTIONS', `A p')dnl dnl # dnl # PLAIN is the preferred plaintext authentication method and used by dnl # Mozilla Mail and Evolution, though Outlook Express and other MUAs do dnl # use LOGIN. Other mechanisms should be used if the connection is not dnl # guaranteed secure. dnl # Please remember that saslauthd needs to be running for AUTH. dnl # dnl TRUST_AUTH_MECH(`EXTERNAL DIGEST-MD5 CRAM-MD5 LOGIN PLAIN')dnl dnl define(`confAUTH_MECHANISMS', `EXTERNAL GSSAPI DIGEST-MD5 CRAM-MD5 LOGIN PLAIN')dnl dnl # dnl # Rudimentary information on creating certificates for sendmail TLS: dnl # cd /etc/pki/tls/certs; make sendmail.pem dnl # Complete usage: dnl # make -C /etc/pki/tls/certs usage dnl # dnl define(`confCACERT_PATH', `/etc/pki/tls/certs')dnl dnl define(`confCACERT', `/etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt')dnl dnl define(`confSERVER_CERT', `/etc/pki/tls/certs/sendmail.pem')dnl dnl define(`confSERVER_KEY', `/etc/pki/tls/certs/sendmail.pem')dnl dnl # dnl # This allows sendmail to use a keyfile that is shared with OpenLDAP's dnl # slapd, which requires the file to be readble by group ldap dnl # dnl define(`confDONT_BLAME_SENDMAIL', `groupreadablekeyfile')dnl dnl # dnl define(`confTO_QUEUEWARN', `4h')dnl dnl define(`confTO_QUEUERETURN', `5d')dnl dnl define(`confQUEUE_LA', `12')dnl dnl define(`confREFUSE_LA', `18')dnl define(`confTO_IDENT', `0')dnl dnl FEATURE(delay_checks)dnl FEATURE(`no_default_msa', `dnl')dnl FEATURE(`smrsh', `/usr/sbin/smrsh')dnl FEATURE(`mailertable', `hash -o /etc/mail/mailertable.db')dnl FEATURE(`virtusertable', `hash -o /etc/mail/virtusertable.db')dnl FEATURE(redirect)dnl FEATURE(always_add_domain)dnl FEATURE(use_cw_file)dnl FEATURE(use_ct_file)dnl dnl # dnl # The following limits the number of processes sendmail can fork to accept dnl # incoming messages or process its message queues to 20.) sendmail refuses dnl # to accept connections once it has reached its quota of child processes. dnl # dnl define(`confMAX_DAEMON_CHILDREN', `20')dnl dnl # dnl # Limits the number of new connections per second. This caps the overhead dnl # incurred due to forking new sendmail processes. May be useful against dnl # DoS attacks or barrages of spam. (As mentioned below, a per-IP address dnl # limit would be useful but is not available as an option at this writing.) dnl # dnl define(`confCONNECTION_RATE_THROTTLE', `3')dnl dnl # dnl # The -t option will retry delivery if e.g. the user runs over his quota. dnl # FEATURE(local_procmail, `', `procmail -t -Y -a $h -d $u')dnl FEATURE(`access_db', `hash -T<TMPF> -o /etc/mail/access.db')dnl FEATURE(`blacklist_recipients')dnl EXPOSED_USER(`root')dnl dnl # dnl # For using Cyrus-IMAPd as POP3/IMAP server through LMTP delivery uncomment dnl # the following 2 definitions and activate below in the MAILER section the dnl # cyrusv2 mailer. dnl # dnl define(`confLOCAL_MAILER', `cyrusv2')dnl dnl define(`CYRUSV2_MAILER_ARGS', `FILE /var/lib/imap/socket/lmtp')dnl dnl # dnl # The following causes sendmail to only listen on the IPv4 loopback address dnl # 127.0.0.1 and not on any other network devices. Remove the loopback dnl # address restriction to accept email from the internet or intranet. dnl # DAEMON_OPTIONS(`Port=smtp,Addr=127.0.0.1, Name=MTA')dnl dnl # dnl # The following causes sendmail to additionally listen to port 587 for dnl # mail from MUAs that authenticate. Roaming users who can't reach their dnl # preferred sendmail daemon due to port 25 being blocked or redirected find dnl # this useful. dnl # dnl DAEMON_OPTIONS(`Port=submission, Name=MSA, M=Ea')dnl dnl # dnl # The following causes sendmail to additionally listen to port 465, but dnl # starting immediately in TLS mode upon connecting. Port 25 or 587 followed dnl # by STARTTLS is preferred, but roaming clients using Outlook Express can't dnl # do STARTTLS on ports other than 25. Mozilla Mail can ONLY use STARTTLS dnl # and doesn't support the deprecated smtps; Evolution <1.1.1 uses smtps dnl # when SSL is enabled-- STARTTLS support is available in version 1.1.1. dnl # dnl # For this to work your OpenSSL certificates must be configured. dnl # dnl DAEMON_OPTIONS(`Port=smtps, Name=TLSMTA, M=s')dnl dnl # dnl # The following causes sendmail to additionally listen on the IPv6 loopback dnl # device. Remove the loopback address restriction listen to the network. dnl # dnl DAEMON_OPTIONS(`port=smtp,Addr=::1, Name=MTA-v6, Family=inet6')dnl dnl # dnl # enable both ipv6 and ipv4 in sendmail: dnl # dnl DAEMON_OPTIONS(`Name=MTA-v4, Family=inet, Name=MTA-v6, Family=inet6') dnl # dnl # We strongly recommend not accepting unresolvable domains if you want to dnl # protect yourself from spam. However, the laptop and users on computers dnl # that do not have 24x7 DNS do need this. dnl # FEATURE(`accept_unresolvable_domains')dnl dnl # dnl FEATURE(`relay_based_on_MX')dnl dnl # dnl # Also accept email sent to "localhost.localdomain" as local email. dnl # LOCAL_DOMAIN(`localhost.localdomain')dnl dnl # dnl # The following example makes mail from this host and any additional dnl # specified domains appear to be sent from mydomain.com dnl # MASQUERADE_AS(`domain.com')dnl dnl # dnl # masquerade not just the headers, but the envelope as well dnl FEATURE(masquerade_envelope)dnl dnl # dnl # masquerade not just @mydomainalias.com, but @*.mydomainalias.com as well dnl # FEATURE(masquerade_entire_domain)dnl dnl # MASQUERADE_DOMAIN(domain.com)dnl dnl MASQUERADE_DOMAIN(localhost.localdomain)dnl dnl MASQUERADE_DOMAIN(mydomainalias.com)dnl dnl MASQUERADE_DOMAIN(mydomain.lan)dnl MAILER(smtp)dnl MAILER(procmail)dnl dnl MAILER(cyrusv2)dnl /etc/mail/trusted-users: > [root@www ~]# vi /etc/mail/trusted-users # /etc/mail/virtusertable: > [root@www ~]# vi /etc/mail/virtusertable [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] /etc/hosts: > [root@www ~]# vi /etc/hosts 127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost ::1 localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6 192.168.1.50 email.local I've only included the "local info" part of sendmail.cf, to save space. If there are any files that I've missed, please advise so I may produce them. Now that that's out of the way, lets look at some entries from /var/log/maillog. The first entry is from an order BEFORE the crash, when the site was working as expected. ##Order 200005374 Aug 5, 2014 7:06:38 AM## Aug 5 07:06:39 www sendmail[26149]: s75C6dqB026149: from=OLDadmin, size=11091, class=0, nrcpts=2, msgid=<[email protected]>, relay=OLDadmin@localhost Aug 5 07:06:39 www sendmail[26150]: s75C6dXe026150: from=<[email protected]>, size=11257, class=0, nrcpts=2, msgid=<[email protected]>, proto=ESMTP, daemon=MTA, relay=localhost.localdomain [127.0.0.1] Aug 5 07:06:39 www sendmail[26149]: s75C6dqB026149: [email protected],=?utf-8?B?dGhvbWFzICBHaWxsZXNwaWU=?= <[email protected]>, ctladdr=OLDadmin (501/501), delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=relay, pri=71091, relay=[127.0.0.1] [127.0.0.1], dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent (s75C6dXe026150 Message accepted for delivery) Aug 5 07:06:40 www sendmail[26152]: s75C6dXe026150: to=<[email protected]>,<[email protected]>, delay=00:00:01, xdelay=00:00:01, mailer=relay, pri=161257, relay=email.local. [192.168.1.50], dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent ( <[email protected]> Queued mail for delivery) This next entry from maillog is from an order AFTER the crash. ##Order 200005375 Aug 5, 2014 9:45:25 AM## Aug 5 09:45:26 www sendmail[30021]: s75EjQ4O030021: from=OLDadmin, size=11344, class=0, nrcpts=2, msgid=<[email protected]>, relay=OLDadmin@localhost Aug 5 09:45:26 www sendmail[30022]: s75EjQm1030022: <[email protected]>... User unknown Aug 5 09:45:26 www sendmail[30021]: s75EjQ4O030021: [email protected], ctladdr=OLDadmin (501/501), delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=relay, pri=71344, relay=[127.0.0.1] [127.0.0.1], dsn=5.1.1, stat=User unknown Aug 5 09:45:26 www sendmail[30022]: s75EjQm1030022: from=<[email protected]>, size=11500, class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=<[email protected]>, proto=ESMTP, daemon=MTA, relay=localhost.localdomain [127.0.0.1] Aug 5 09:45:26 www sendmail[30021]: s75EjQ4O030021: to==?utf-8?B?S2VubmV0aCBCaWViZXI=?= <[email protected]>, ctladdr=OLDadmin (501/501), delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=relay, pri=71344, relay=[127.0.0.1] [127.0.0.1], dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent (s75EjQm1030022 Message accepted for delivery) Aug 5 09:45:26 www sendmail[30021]: s75EjQ4O030021: s75EjQ4P030021: DSN: User unknown Aug 5 09:45:26 www sendmail[30022]: s75EjQm3030022: <[email protected]>... User unknown Aug 5 09:45:26 www sendmail[30021]: s75EjQ4P030021: to=OLDadmin, delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=relay, pri=42368, relay=[127.0.0.1] [127.0.0.1], dsn=5.1.1, stat=User unknown Aug 5 09:45:26 www sendmail[30022]: s75EjQm3030022: from=<>, size=12368, class=0, nrcpts=0, proto=ESMTP, daemon=MTA, relay=localhost.localdomain [127.0.0.1] Aug 5 09:45:26 www sendmail[30021]: s75EjQ4P030021: s75EjQ4Q030021: return to sender: User unknown Aug 5 09:45:26 www sendmail[30022]: s75EjQm5030022: from=<>, size=14845, class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=<[email protected]>, proto=ESMTP, daemon=MTA, relay=localhost.localdomain [127.0.0.1] Aug 5 09:45:26 www sendmail[30021]: s75EjQ4Q030021: to=postmaster, delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=relay, pri=43392, relay=[127.0.0.1] [127.0.0.1], dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent (s75EjQm5030022 Message accepted for delivery) Aug 5 09:45:26 www sendmail[30025]: s75EjQm5030022: to=root, delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=local, pri=45053, dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent Aug 5 09:45:27 www sendmail[30024]: s75EjQm1030022: to=<[email protected]>, delay=00:00:01, xdelay=00:00:01, mailer=relay, pri=131500, relay=email.local. [192.168.1.50], dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent ( <[email protected]> Queued mail for delivery) To add a little more, I think I've pinpointed the actual crash event. ##THE CRASH## Aug 5 09:39:46 www sendmail[3251]: restarting /usr/sbin/sendmail due to signal Aug 5 09:39:46 www sm-msp-queue[3260]: restarting /usr/sbin/sendmail due to signal Aug 5 09:39:46 www sm-msp-queue[29370]: starting daemon (8.14.4): queueing@01:00:00 Aug 5 09:39:47 www sendmail[29372]: starting daemon (8.14.4): SMTP+queueing@01:00:00 Aug 5 09:40:02 www sendmail[29465]: s75Ee2vT029465: Authentication-Warning: www.domain.com: OLDadmin set sender to root using -f Aug 5 09:40:02 www sendmail[29464]: s75Ee2IF029464: Authentication-Warning: www.domain.com: OLDadmin set sender to root using -f Aug 5 09:40:02 www sendmail[29465]: s75Ee2vT029465: from=root, size=1426, class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=<[email protected]>, relay=OLDadmin@localhost Aug 5 09:40:02 www sendmail[29464]: s75Ee2IF029464: from=root, size=1426, class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=<[email protected]>, relay=OLDadmin@localhost Aug 5 09:40:02 www sendmail[29466]: s75Ee23t029466: from=<[email protected]>, size=1784, class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=<[email protected]>, proto=ESMTP, daemon=MTA, relay=localhost.localdomain [127.0.0.1] Aug 5 09:40:02 www sendmail[29466]: s75Ee23t029466: to=<[email protected]>, delay=00:00:00, mailer=local, pri=31784, dsn=4.4.3, stat=queued Aug 5 09:40:02 www sendmail[29467]: s75Ee2wh029467: from=<[email protected]>, size=1784, class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=<[email protected]>, proto=ESMTP, daemon=MTA, relay=localhost.localdomain [127.0.0.1] Aug 5 09:40:02 www sendmail[29467]: s75Ee2wh029467: to=<[email protected]>, delay=00:00:00, mailer=local, pri=31784, dsn=4.4.3, stat=queued Aug 5 09:40:02 www sendmail[29464]: s75Ee2IF029464: to=OLDadmin, ctladdr=root (0/0), delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=relay, pri=31426, relay=[127.0.0.1] [127.0.0.1], dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent (s75Ee23t029466 Message accepted for delivery) Aug 5 09:40:02 www sendmail[29465]: s75Ee2vT029465: to=OLDadmin, ctladdr=root (0/0), delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=relay, pri=31426, relay=[127.0.0.1] [127.0.0.1], dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent (s75Ee2wh029467 Message accepted for delivery) Aug 5 09:40:06 www sm-msp-queue[29370]: restarting /usr/sbin/sendmail due to signal Aug 5 09:40:06 www sendmail[29372]: restarting /usr/sbin/sendmail due to signal Aug 5 09:40:06 www sm-msp-queue[29888]: starting daemon (8.14.4): queueing@01:00:00 Aug 5 09:40:06 www sendmail[29890]: starting daemon (8.14.4): SMTP+queueing@01:00:00 Aug 5 09:40:06 www sendmail[29891]: s75Ee23t029466: to=<[email protected]>, delay=00:00:04, mailer=local, pri=121784, dsn=5.1.1, stat=User unknown Aug 5 09:40:06 www sendmail[29891]: s75Ee23t029466: s75Ee6xY029891: DSN: User unknown Aug 5 09:40:06 www sendmail[29891]: s75Ee6xY029891: to=<[email protected]>, delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=local, pri=33035, dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent Aug 5 09:40:06 www sendmail[29891]: s75Ee2wh029467: to=<[email protected]>, delay=00:00:04, mailer=local, pri=121784, dsn=5.1.1, stat=User unknown Aug 5 09:40:06 www sendmail[29891]: s75Ee2wh029467: s75Ee6xZ029891: DSN: User unknown Aug 5 09:40:06 www sendmail[29891]: s75Ee6xZ029891: to=<[email protected]>, delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=local, pri=33035, dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent Something to note about the maillog's: Before the crash, the msgid included localhost.localdomain; after the crash it's been domain.com. Thanks to all who take the time to read and look into this issue. I appreciate it and look forward to tackling this issue together.

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  • Encode double quotes inside XML element using LINQ to XML

    - by davekaro
    I'm parsing a string of XML into an XDocument that looks like this (using XDocument.Parse) <Root> <Item>Here is &quot;Some text&quot;</Item> </Root> Then I manipulate the XML a bit, and I want to send it back out as a string, just like it came in <Root> <Item>Here is &quot;Some text&quot;</Item> <NewItem>Another item</NewItem> </Root> However, what I am getting is <Root> <Item>Here is \"Some text\"</Item> <NewItem>Another item</NewItem> </Root> Notice how the double quotes are now escaped instead of encoded? This happens whether I use ToString(SaveOptions.DisableFormatting); or var stringWriter = new System.IO.StringWriter(); xDoc.Save(stringWriter, SaveOptions.DisableFormatting); var newXml = stringWriter.GetStringBuilder().ToString(); How can I have the double quotes come out as &quot; and not \"? UPDATE: Maybe this can explain it better: var origXml = "<Root><Item>Here is \"Some text&quot;</Item></Root>"; Console.WriteLine(origXml); var xmlDoc = System.Xml.Linq.XDocument.Parse(origXml); var modifiedXml = xmlDoc.ToString(System.Xml.Linq.SaveOptions.DisableFormatting); Console.WriteLine(modifiedXml); the output I get from this is: <Root><Item>Here is "Some text&quot;</Item></Root> <Root><Item>Here is "Some text"</Item></Root> I want the output to be: <Root><Item>Here is "Some text&quot;</Item></Root> <Root><Item>Here is "Some text&quot;</Item></Root>

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  • repeated failing passwords in linux security log (/var/log/secure)

    - by wallyk
    Recently, I opened up the SSH port through my firewalls (and redirecting to my server) so I could check on the (http) server while on the road. The first week or two there was nothing different. But now, three or four weeks later, I see lots of this: Mar 20 08:38:28 localhost sshd[21895]: pam_unix(sshd:auth): authentication failure; logname= uid=0 euid=0 tty=ssh ruser= rhost=mail.queued.net user=root Mar 20 08:38:31 localhost sshd[21895]: Failed password for root from 207.210.101.209 port 2854 ssh2 Mar 20 15:38:31 localhost sshd[21896]: Received disconnect from 207.210.101.209: 11: Bye Bye Mar 20 08:38:32 localhost unix_chkpwd[21900]: password check failed for user (root) Mar 20 08:38:32 localhost sshd[21898]: pam_unix(sshd:auth): authentication failure; logname= uid=0 euid=0 tty=ssh ruser= rhost=mail.queued.net user=root Mar 20 08:38:34 localhost sshd[21898]: Failed password for root from 207.210.101.209 port 3729 ssh2 Mar 20 15:38:35 localhost sshd[21899]: Received disconnect from 207.210.101.209: 11: Bye Bye Mar 20 08:38:36 localhost unix_chkpwd[21903]: password check failed for user (root) Mar 20 08:38:36 localhost sshd[21901]: pam_unix(sshd:auth): authentication failure; logname= uid=0 euid=0 tty=ssh ruser= rhost=mail.queued.net user=root Mar 20 08:38:38 localhost sshd[21901]: Failed password for root from 207.210.101.209 port 4313 ssh2 Mar 20 15:38:38 localhost sshd[21902]: Received disconnect from 207.210.101.209: 11: Bye Bye Mar 20 08:38:40 localhost unix_chkpwd[21906]: password check failed for user (root) Mar 20 08:38:40 localhost sshd[21904]: pam_unix(sshd:auth): authentication failure; logname= uid=0 euid=0 tty=ssh ruser= rhost=mail.queued.net user=root Mar 20 08:38:42 localhost sshd[21904]: Failed password for root from 207.210.101.209 port 4869 ssh2 Mar 20 15:38:43 localhost sshd[21905]: Received disconnect from 207.210.101.209: 11: Bye Bye Mar 20 08:38:44 localhost unix_chkpwd[21909]: password check failed for user (root) Mar 20 08:38:44 localhost sshd[21907]: pam_unix(sshd:auth): authentication failure; logname= uid=0 euid=0 tty=ssh ruser= rhost=mail.queued.net user=root Mar 20 08:38:46 localhost sshd[21907]: Failed password for root from 207.210.101.209 port 2512 ssh2 Mar 20 15:38:47 localhost sshd[21908]: Received disconnect from 207.210.101.209: 11: Bye Bye Mar 20 15:38:57 localhost sshd[21912]: Connection closed by 207.210.101.209 There are about 1100 lines of these for March 20th, zero for the 19th, and 800 or so for the 18th—all related to the same IP. What does it mean? What should I do? Why isn't it chronological?

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  • Linux - Only first virtual interface can ping external gateway

    - by husvar
    I created 3 virtual interfaces with different mac addresses all linked to the same physical interface. I see that they successfully arp for the gw and they can ping (the request is coming in the packet capture in wireshark). However the ping utility does not count the responses. Does anyone knows the issue? I am running Ubuntu 14.04 in a VmWare. root@ubuntu:~# ip link sh 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN mode DEFAULT group default link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:bc:fc:8b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff root@ubuntu:~# ip addr sh 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:bc:fc:8b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:febc:fc8b/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever root@ubuntu:~# ip route sh root@ubuntu:~# ip link add link eth0 eth0.1 addr 00:00:00:00:00:11 type macvlan root@ubuntu:~# ip link add link eth0 eth0.2 addr 00:00:00:00:00:22 type macvlan root@ubuntu:~# ip link add link eth0 eth0.3 addr 00:00:00:00:00:33 type macvlan root@ubuntu:~# ip -4 link sh 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN mode DEFAULT group default link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:bc:fc:8b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff 18: eth0.1@eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN mode DEFAULT group default link/ether 00:00:00:00:00:11 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff 19: eth0.2@eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN mode DEFAULT group default link/ether 00:00:00:00:00:22 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff 20: eth0.3@eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN mode DEFAULT group default link/ether 00:00:00:00:00:33 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff root@ubuntu:~# ip -4 addr sh 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever root@ubuntu:~# ip -4 route sh root@ubuntu:~# dhclient -v eth0.1 Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Client 4.2.4 Copyright 2004-2012 Internet Systems Consortium. All rights reserved. For info, please visit https://www.isc.org/software/dhcp/ Listening on LPF/eth0.1/00:00:00:00:00:11 Sending on LPF/eth0.1/00:00:00:00:00:11 Sending on Socket/fallback DHCPDISCOVER on eth0.1 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 3 (xid=0x568eac05) DHCPREQUEST of 192.168.1.145 on eth0.1 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 (xid=0x568eac05) DHCPOFFER of 192.168.1.145 from 192.168.1.254 DHCPACK of 192.168.1.145 from 192.168.1.254 bound to 192.168.1.145 -- renewal in 1473 seconds. root@ubuntu:~# dhclient -v eth0.2 Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Client 4.2.4 Copyright 2004-2012 Internet Systems Consortium. All rights reserved. For info, please visit https://www.isc.org/software/dhcp/ Listening on LPF/eth0.2/00:00:00:00:00:22 Sending on LPF/eth0.2/00:00:00:00:00:22 Sending on Socket/fallback DHCPDISCOVER on eth0.2 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 3 (xid=0x21e3114e) DHCPREQUEST of 192.168.1.146 on eth0.2 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 (xid=0x21e3114e) DHCPOFFER of 192.168.1.146 from 192.168.1.254 DHCPACK of 192.168.1.146 from 192.168.1.254 bound to 192.168.1.146 -- renewal in 1366 seconds. root@ubuntu:~# dhclient -v eth0.3 Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Client 4.2.4 Copyright 2004-2012 Internet Systems Consortium. All rights reserved. For info, please visit https://www.isc.org/software/dhcp/ Listening on LPF/eth0.3/00:00:00:00:00:33 Sending on LPF/eth0.3/00:00:00:00:00:33 Sending on Socket/fallback DHCPDISCOVER on eth0.3 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 3 (xid=0x11dc5f03) DHCPREQUEST of 192.168.1.147 on eth0.3 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 (xid=0x11dc5f03) DHCPOFFER of 192.168.1.147 from 192.168.1.254 DHCPACK of 192.168.1.147 from 192.168.1.254 bound to 192.168.1.147 -- renewal in 1657 seconds. root@ubuntu:~# ip -4 link sh 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN mode DEFAULT group default link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:bc:fc:8b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff 18: eth0.1@eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN mode DEFAULT group default link/ether 00:00:00:00:00:11 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff 19: eth0.2@eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN mode DEFAULT group default link/ether 00:00:00:00:00:22 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff 20: eth0.3@eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN mode DEFAULT group default link/ether 00:00:00:00:00:33 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff root@ubuntu:~# ip -4 addr sh 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 18: eth0.1@eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default inet 192.168.1.145/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global eth0.1 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 19: eth0.2@eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default inet 192.168.1.146/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global eth0.2 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 20: eth0.3@eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default inet 192.168.1.147/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global eth0.3 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever root@ubuntu:~# ip -4 route sh default via 192.168.1.254 dev eth0.1 192.168.1.0/24 dev eth0.1 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.1.145 192.168.1.0/24 dev eth0.2 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.1.146 192.168.1.0/24 dev eth0.3 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.1.147 root@ubuntu:~# arping -c 5 -I eth0.1 192.168.1.254 ARPING 192.168.1.254 from 192.168.1.145 eth0.1 Unicast reply from 192.168.1.254 [58:98:35:57:a0:70] 6.936ms Unicast reply from 192.168.1.254 [58:98:35:57:a0:70] 2.986ms Unicast reply from 192.168.1.254 [58:98:35:57:a0:70] 0.654ms Unicast reply from 192.168.1.254 [58:98:35:57:a0:70] 5.137ms Unicast reply from 192.168.1.254 [58:98:35:57:a0:70] 2.426ms Sent 5 probes (1 broadcast(s)) Received 5 response(s) root@ubuntu:~# arping -c 5 -I eth0.2 192.168.1.254 ARPING 192.168.1.254 from 192.168.1.146 eth0.2 Unicast reply from 192.168.1.254 [58:98:35:57:a0:70] 5.665ms Unicast reply from 192.168.1.254 [58:98:35:57:a0:70] 3.753ms Unicast reply from 192.168.1.254 [58:98:35:57:a0:70] 16.500ms Unicast reply from 192.168.1.254 [58:98:35:57:a0:70] 3.287ms Unicast reply from 192.168.1.254 [58:98:35:57:a0:70] 32.438ms Sent 5 probes (1 broadcast(s)) Received 5 response(s) root@ubuntu:~# arping -c 5 -I eth0.3 192.168.1.254 ARPING 192.168.1.254 from 192.168.1.147 eth0.3 Unicast reply from 192.168.1.254 [58:98:35:57:a0:70] 4.422ms Unicast reply from 192.168.1.254 [58:98:35:57:a0:70] 2.429ms Unicast reply from 192.168.1.254 [58:98:35:57:a0:70] 2.321ms Unicast reply from 192.168.1.254 [58:98:35:57:a0:70] 40.423ms Unicast reply from 192.168.1.254 [58:98:35:57:a0:70] 2.268ms Sent 5 probes (1 broadcast(s)) Received 5 response(s) root@ubuntu:~# tcpdump -n -i eth0.1 -v & [1] 5317 root@ubuntu:~# ping -c5 -q -I eth0.1 192.168.1.254 PING 192.168.1.254 (192.168.1.254) from 192.168.1.145 eth0.1: 56(84) bytes of data. tcpdump: listening on eth0.1, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 65535 bytes 13:18:37.612558 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 64, id 2595, offset 0, flags [DF], proto ICMP (1), length 84) 192.168.1.145 > 192.168.1.254: ICMP echo request, id 5318, seq 2, length 64 13:18:37.618864 IP (tos 0x68, ttl 64, id 14493, offset 0, flags [none], proto ICMP (1), length 84) 192.168.1.254 > 192.168.1.145: ICMP echo reply, id 5318, seq 2, length 64 13:18:37.743650 ARP, Ethernet (len 6), IPv4 (len 4), Request who-has 192.168.1.87 tell 192.168.1.86, length 46 13:18:38.134997 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 128, id 23547, offset 0, flags [none], proto UDP (17), length 229) 192.168.1.86.138 > 192.168.1.255.138: NBT UDP PACKET(138) 13:18:38.614580 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 64, id 2596, offset 0, flags [DF], proto ICMP (1), length 84) 192.168.1.145 > 192.168.1.254: ICMP echo request, id 5318, seq 3, length 64 13:18:38.793479 IP (tos 0x68, ttl 64, id 14495, offset 0, flags [none], proto ICMP (1), length 84) 192.168.1.254 > 192.168.1.145: ICMP echo reply, id 5318, seq 3, length 64 13:18:39.151282 IP6 (class 0x68, hlim 255, next-header ICMPv6 (58) payload length: 32) fe80::5a98:35ff:fe57:e070 > ff02::1:ff6b:e9b4: [icmp6 sum ok] ICMP6, neighbor solicitation, length 32, who has 2001:818:d812:da00:8ae3:abff:fe6b:e9b4 source link-address option (1), length 8 (1): 58:98:35:57:a0:70 13:18:39.615612 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 64, id 2597, offset 0, flags [DF], proto ICMP (1), length 84) 192.168.1.145 > 192.168.1.254: ICMP echo request, id 5318, seq 4, length 64 13:18:39.746981 IP (tos 0x68, ttl 64, id 14496, offset 0, flags [none], proto ICMP (1), length 84) 192.168.1.254 > 192.168.1.145: ICMP echo reply, id 5318, seq 4, length 64 --- 192.168.1.254 ping statistics --- 5 packets transmitted, 5 received, 0% packet loss, time 4008ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 2.793/67.810/178.934/73.108 ms root@ubuntu:~# killall tcpdump >> /dev/null 2>&1 9 packets captured 12 packets received by filter 0 packets dropped by kernel [1]+ Done tcpdump -n -i eth0.1 -v root@ubuntu:~# tcpdump -n -i eth0.2 -v & [1] 5320 root@ubuntu:~# ping -c5 -q -I eth0.2 192.168.1.254 PING 192.168.1.254 (192.168.1.254) from 192.168.1.146 eth0.2: 56(84) bytes of data. tcpdump: listening on eth0.2, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 65535 bytes 13:18:41.536874 ARP, Ethernet (len 6), IPv4 (len 4), Reply 192.168.1.254 is-at 58:98:35:57:a0:70, length 46 13:18:41.536933 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 64, id 2599, offset 0, flags [DF], proto ICMP (1), length 84) 192.168.1.146 > 192.168.1.254: ICMP echo request, id 5321, seq 1, length 64 13:18:41.539255 IP (tos 0x68, ttl 64, id 14507, offset 0, flags [none], proto ICMP (1), length 84) 192.168.1.254 > 192.168.1.146: ICMP echo reply, id 5321, seq 1, length 64 13:18:42.127715 ARP, Ethernet (len 6), IPv4 (len 4), Request who-has 192.168.1.87 tell 192.168.1.86, length 46 13:18:42.511725 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 64, id 2600, offset 0, flags [DF], proto ICMP (1), length 84) 192.168.1.146 > 192.168.1.254: ICMP echo request, id 5321, seq 2, length 64 13:18:42.514385 IP (tos 0x68, ttl 64, id 14527, offset 0, flags [none], proto ICMP (1), length 84) 192.168.1.254 > 192.168.1.146: ICMP echo reply, id 5321, seq 2, length 64 13:18:42.743856 ARP, Ethernet (len 6), IPv4 (len 4), Request who-has 192.168.1.87 tell 192.168.1.86, length 46 13:18:43.511727 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 64, id 2601, offset 0, flags [DF], proto ICMP (1), length 84) 192.168.1.146 > 192.168.1.254: ICMP echo request, id 5321, seq 3, length 64 13:18:43.513768 IP (tos 0x68, ttl 64, id 14528, offset 0, flags [none], proto ICMP (1), length 84) 192.168.1.254 > 192.168.1.146: ICMP echo reply, id 5321, seq 3, length 64 13:18:43.637598 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 128, id 23551, offset 0, flags [none], proto UDP (17), length 225) 192.168.1.86.17500 > 255.255.255.255.17500: UDP, length 197 13:18:43.641185 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 128, id 23552, offset 0, flags [none], proto UDP (17), length 225) 192.168.1.86.17500 > 192.168.1.255.17500: UDP, length 197 13:18:43.641201 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 128, id 23553, offset 0, flags [none], proto UDP (17), length 225) 192.168.1.86.17500 > 255.255.255.255.17500: UDP, length 197 13:18:43.743890 ARP, Ethernet (len 6), IPv4 (len 4), Request who-has 192.168.1.87 tell 192.168.1.86, length 46 13:18:44.510758 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 64, id 2602, offset 0, flags [DF], proto ICMP (1), length 84) 192.168.1.146 > 192.168.1.254: ICMP echo request, id 5321, seq 4, length 64 13:18:44.512892 IP (tos 0x68, ttl 64, id 14538, offset 0, flags [none], proto ICMP (1), length 84) 192.168.1.254 > 192.168.1.146: ICMP echo reply, id 5321, seq 4, length 64 13:18:45.510794 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 64, id 2603, offset 0, flags [DF], proto ICMP (1), length 84) 192.168.1.146 > 192.168.1.254: ICMP echo request, id 5321, seq 5, length 64 13:18:45.519701 IP (tos 0x68, ttl 64, id 14539, offset 0, flags [none], proto ICMP (1), length 84) 192.168.1.254 > 192.168.1.146: ICMP echo reply, id 5321, seq 5, length 64 13:18:49.287554 IP6 (class 0x68, hlim 255, next-header ICMPv6 (58) payload length: 32) fe80::5a98:35ff:fe57:e070 > ff02::1:ff6b:e9b4: [icmp6 sum ok] ICMP6, neighbor solicitation, length 32, who has 2001:818:d812:da00:8ae3:abff:fe6b:e9b4 source link-address option (1), length 8 (1): 58:98:35:57:a0:70 13:18:50.013463 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 255, id 50737, offset 0, flags [DF], proto UDP (17), length 73) 192.168.1.146.5353 > 224.0.0.251.5353: 0 [2q] PTR (QM)? _ipps._tcp.local. PTR (QM)? _ipp._tcp.local. (45) 13:18:50.218874 IP6 (class 0x68, hlim 255, next-header ICMPv6 (58) payload length: 32) fe80::5a98:35ff:fe57:e070 > ff02::1:ff6b:e9b4: [icmp6 sum ok] ICMP6, neighbor solicitation, length 32, who has 2001:818:d812:da00:8ae3:abff:fe6b:e9b4 source link-address option (1), length 8 (1): 58:98:35:57:a0:70 13:18:51.129961 IP6 (class 0x68, hlim 255, next-header ICMPv6 (58) payload length: 32) fe80::5a98:35ff:fe57:e070 > ff02::1:ff6b:e9b4: [icmp6 sum ok] ICMP6, neighbor solicitation, length 32, who has 2001:818:d812:da00:8ae3:abff:fe6b:e9b4 source link-address option (1), length 8 (1): 58:98:35:57:a0:70 13:18:52.197074 IP6 (hlim 255, next-header UDP (17) payload length: 53) 2001:818:d812:da00:200:ff:fe00:22.5353 > ff02::fb.5353: [udp sum ok] 0 [2q] PTR (QM)? _ipps._tcp.local. PTR (QM)? _ipp._tcp.local. (45) 13:18:54.128240 ARP, Ethernet (len 6), IPv4 (len 4), Request who-has 192.168.1.87 tell 192.168.1.86, length 46 --- 192.168.1.254 ping statistics --- 5 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 4000ms root@ubuntu:~# killall tcpdump >> /dev/null 2>&1 13:18:54.657731 IP6 (class 0x68, hlim 255, next-header ICMPv6 (58) payload length: 32) fe80::5a98:35ff:fe57:e070 > ff02::1:ff6b:e9b4: [icmp6 sum ok] ICMP6, neighbor solicitation, length 32, who has 2001:818:d812:da00:8ae3:abff:fe6b:e9b4 source link-address option (1), length 8 (1): 58:98:35:57:a0:70 13:18:54.743174 ARP, Ethernet (len 6), IPv4 (len 4), Request who-has 192.168.1.87 tell 192.168.1.86, length 46 25 packets captured 26 packets received by filter 0 packets dropped by kernel [1]+ Done tcpdump -n -i eth0.2 -v root@ubuntu:~# tcpdump -n -i eth0.3 icmp & [1] 5324 root@ubuntu:~# ping -c5 -q -I eth0.3 192.168.1.254 PING 192.168.1.254 (192.168.1.254) from 192.168.1.147 eth0.3: 56(84) bytes of data. tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode listening on eth0.3, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 65535 bytes 13:18:56.373434 IP 192.168.1.147 > 192.168.1.254: ICMP echo request, id 5325, seq 1, length 64 13:18:57.372116 IP 192.168.1.147 > 192.168.1.254: ICMP echo request, id 5325, seq 2, length 64 13:18:57.381263 IP 192.168.1.254 > 192.168.1.147: ICMP echo reply, id 5325, seq 2, length 64 13:18:58.371141 IP 192.168.1.147 > 192.168.1.254: ICMP echo request, id 5325, seq 3, length 64 13:18:58.373275 IP 192.168.1.254 > 192.168.1.147: ICMP echo reply, id 5325, seq 3, length 64 13:18:59.371165 IP 192.168.1.147 > 192.168.1.254: ICMP echo request, id 5325, seq 4, length 64 13:18:59.373259 IP 192.168.1.254 > 192.168.1.147: ICMP echo reply, id 5325, seq 4, length 64 13:19:00.371211 IP 192.168.1.147 > 192.168.1.254: ICMP echo request, id 5325, seq 5, length 64 13:19:00.373278 IP 192.168.1.254 > 192.168.1.147: ICMP echo reply, id 5325, seq 5, length 64 --- 192.168.1.254 ping statistics --- 5 packets transmitted, 1 received, 80% packet loss, time 4001ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 13.666/13.666/13.666/0.000 ms root@ubuntu:~# killall tcpdump >> /dev/null 2>&1 9 packets captured 10 packets received by filter 0 packets dropped by kernel [1]+ Done tcpdump -n -i eth0.3 icmp root@ubuntu:~# arp -n Address HWtype HWaddress Flags Mask Iface 192.168.1.254 ether 58:98:35:57:a0:70 C eth0.1 192.168.1.254 ether 58:98:35:57:a0:70 C eth0.2 192.168.1.254 ether 58:98:35:57:a0:70 C eth0.3

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  • How to stop a ICMP attack?

    - by cumhur onat
    We are under a heavy icmp flood attack. Tcpdump shows the result below. Altough we have blocked ICMP with iptables tcpdump still prints icmp packets. I've also attached iptables configuration and "top" result. Is there any thing I can do to completely stop icmp packets? [root@server downloads]# tcpdump icmp -v -n -nn tcpdump: listening on eth0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 96 bytes 03:02:47.810957 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 49, id 16007, offset 0, flags [none], proto: ICMP (1), length: 56) 80.227.64.183 > 77.92.136.196: ICMP redirect 94.201.175.188 to host 80.227.64.129, length 36 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 124, id 31864, offset 0, flags [none], proto: ICMP (1), length: 76) 77.92.136.196 > 94.201.175.188: [|icmp] 03:02:47.811559 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 49, id 16010, offset 0, flags [none], proto: ICMP (1), length: 56) 80.227.64.183 > 77.92.136.196: ICMP redirect 94.201.175.188 to host 80.227.64.129, length 36 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 52, id 31864, offset 0, flags [none], proto: ICMP (1), length: 76) 77.92.136.196 > 94.201.175.188: [|icmp] 03:02:47.811922 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 49, id 16012, offset 0, flags [none], proto: ICMP (1), length: 56) 80.227.64.183 > 77.92.136.196: ICMP redirect 94.201.175.188 to host 80.227.64.129, length 36 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 122, id 31864, offset 0, flags [none], proto: ICMP (1), length: 76) 77.92.136.196 > 94.201.175.188: [|icmp] 03:02:47.812485 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 49, id 16015, offset 0, flags [none], proto: ICMP (1), length: 56) 80.227.64.183 > 77.92.136.196: ICMP redirect 94.201.175.188 to host 80.227.64.129, length 36 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 126, id 31864, offset 0, flags [none], proto: ICMP (1), length: 76) 77.92.136.196 > 94.201.175.188: [|icmp] 03:02:47.812613 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 49, id 16016, offset 0, flags [none], proto: ICMP (1), length: 56) 80.227.64.183 > 77.92.136.196: ICMP redirect 94.201.175.188 to host 80.227.64.129, length 36 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 122, id 31864, offset 0, flags [none], proto: ICMP (1), length: 76) 77.92.136.196 > 94.201.175.188: [|icmp] 03:02:47.812992 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 49, id 16018, offset 0, flags [none], proto: ICMP (1), length: 56) 80.227.64.183 > 77.92.136.196: ICMP redirect 94.201.175.188 to host 80.227.64.129, length 36 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 122, id 31864, offset 0, flags [none], proto: ICMP (1), length: 76) 77.92.136.196 > 94.201.175.188: [|icmp] 03:02:47.813582 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 49, id 16020, offset 0, flags [none], proto: ICMP (1), length: 56) 80.227.64.183 > 77.92.136.196: ICMP redirect 94.201.175.188 to host 80.227.64.129, length 36 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 52, id 31864, offset 0, flags [none], proto: ICMP (1), length: 76) 77.92.136.196 > 94.201.175.188: [|icmp] 03:02:47.814092 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 49, id 16023, offset 0, flags [none], proto: ICMP (1), length: 56) 80.227.64.183 > 77.92.136.196: ICMP redirect 94.201.175.188 to host 80.227.64.129, length 36 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 120, id 31864, offset 0, flags [none], proto: ICMP (1), length: 76) 77.92.136.196 > 94.201.175.188: [|icmp] 03:02:47.814233 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 49, id 16024, offset 0, flags [none], proto: ICMP (1), length: 56) 80.227.64.183 > 77.92.136.196: ICMP redirect 94.201.175.188 to host 80.227.64.129, length 36 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 120, id 31864, offset 0, flags [none], proto: ICMP (1), length: 76) 77.92.136.196 > 94.201.175.188: [|icmp] 03:02:47.815579 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 49, id 16025, offset 0, flags [none], proto: ICMP (1), length: 56) 80.227.64.183 > 77.92.136.196: ICMP redirect 94.201.175.188 to host 80.227.64.129, length 36 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 50, id 31864, offset 0, flags [none], proto: ICMP (1), length: 76) 77.92.136.196 > 94.201.175.188: [|icmp] 03:02:47.815726 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 49, id 16026, offset 0, flags [none], proto: ICMP (1), length: 56) 80.227.64.183 > 77.92.136.196: ICMP redirect 94.201.175.188 to host 80.227.64.129, length 36 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 50, id 31864, offset 0, flags [none], proto: ICMP (1), length: 76) 77.92.136.196 > 94.201.175.188: [|icmp] 03:02:47.815890 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 49, id 16027, offset 0, flags [none], proto: ICMP (1), length: 56) 80.227.64.183 > 77.92.136.196: ICMP redirect 94.201.175.188 to host 80.227.64.129, length 36 iptables configuration: [root@server etc]# iptables -L Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination ofis tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:mysql ofis tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:ftp DROP icmp -- anywhere anywhere Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination DROP icmp -- anywhere anywhere Chain ofis (2 references) target prot opt source destination ACCEPT all -- OUR_OFFICE_IP anywhere DROP all -- anywhere anywhere top: top - 03:12:19 up 400 days, 15:43, 3 users, load average: 1.49, 1.67, 2.61 Tasks: 751 total, 3 running, 748 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 8.2%us, 1.0%sy, 0.0%ni, 87.9%id, 2.1%wa, 0.1%hi, 0.7%si, 0.0%st Mem: 32949948k total, 26906844k used, 6043104k free, 4707676k buffers Swap: 10223608k total, 0k used, 10223608k free, 14255584k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 36 root 39 19 0 0 0 R 100.8 0.0 17:03.56 ksoftirqd/11 10552 root 15 0 11408 1460 676 R 5.7 0.0 0:00.04 top 7475 lighttpd 15 0 304m 22m 15m S 3.8 0.1 0:05.37 php-cgi 1294 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 1.9 0.0 380:54.73 kjournald 3574 root 15 0 631m 11m 5464 S 1.9 0.0 0:00.65 node 7766 lighttpd 16 0 302m 19m 14m S 1.9 0.1 0:05.70 php-cgi 10237 postfix 15 0 52572 2216 1692 S 1.9 0.0 0:00.02 scache 1 root 15 0 10372 680 572 S 0.0 0.0 0:07.99 init 2 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:16.72 migration/0 3 root 34 19 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.06 ksoftirqd/0 4 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/0 5 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 1:10.46 migration/1 6 root 34 19 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:01.11 ksoftirqd/1 7 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/1 8 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 2:36.15 migration/2 9 root 34 19 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.19 ksoftirqd/2 10 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/2 11 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 3:48.91 migration/3 12 root 34 19 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.20 ksoftirqd/3 13 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/3 uname -a [root@server etc]# uname -a Linux thisis.oursite.com 2.6.18-238.19.1.el5 #1 SMP Fri Jul 15 07:31:24 EDT 2011 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux arp -an [root@server downloads]# arp -an ? (77.92.136.194) at 00:25:90:04:F0:90 [ether] on eth0 ? (192.168.0.2) at 00:25:90:04:F0:91 [ether] on eth1 ? (77.92.136.193) at 00:23:9C:0B:CD:01 [ether] on eth0

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  • ubuntu mail server settings and /etc/hosts file

    - by mbrc
    This is my /etc/hosts file 127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost 127.0.1.1 ubuntu-server.xx.com ubuntu-server 193.77.xx.xx mail.xx.com mail # The following lines are desirable for IPv6 capable hosts ::1 ip6-localhost ip6-loopback fe00::0 ip6-localnet ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix ff02::1 ip6-allnodes ff02::2 ip6-allrouters is this correct configuration for my mail server. I am behind router so i don't know if is ok to use my IP for mail.xx.com and 127.0.0.1 for localhost problem is that i can receive mail but when i send it i get Oct 17 21:29:32 ubuntu-server postfix/smtpd[2453]: warning: SASL authentication failure: Password verification failed Oct 17 21:29:32 ubuntu-server postfix/smtpd[2453]: warning: my.router[192.168.1.1]: SASL PLAIN authentication failed: authentication failure Oct 17 21:29:34 ubuntu-server postfix/smtpd[2453]: warning: my.router[192.168.1.1]: SASL LOGIN authentication failed: authentication failure EDIT: mabye is problem some port. i foward this ports. POP3 - port 110 IMAP - port 143 SMTP - port 25 HTTP - port 80 Secure SMTP (SSMTP) - port 465 Secure IMAP (IMAP4-SSL) - port 585 StartTLS - port 587 IMAP4 over SSL (IMAPS) - port 993 Secure POP3 (SSL-POP) - port 995 postconf -n alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases append_dot_mydomain = no biff = no broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes config_directory = /etc/postfix content_filter = amavis:[127.0.0.1]:10024 delay_warning_time = 4h disable_vrfy_command = yes inet_interfaces = all inet_protocols = all mailbox_size_limit = 0 maximal_backoff_time = 8000s maximal_queue_lifetime = 7d message_size_limit = 0 minimal_backoff_time = 1000s mydestination = myhostname = mail.xx.com mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128 mynetworks_style = host myorigin = /etc/mailname readme_directory = no receive_override_options = no_address_mappings recipient_delimiter = + relayhost = smtp_helo_timeout = 60s smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtp_scache smtp_use_tls = yes smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name smtpd_client_restrictions = reject_rbl_client sbl.spamhaus.org, reject_rbl_client blackholes.easynet.nl, reject_rbl_client dnsbl.njabl.org smtpd_data_restrictions = reject_unauth_pipelining smtpd_delay_reject = yes smtpd_hard_error_limit = 12 smtpd_helo_required = yes smtpd_helo_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, warn_if_reject reject_non_fqdn_hostname, reject_invalid_hostname, permit smtpd_recipient_limit = 16 smtpd_recipient_restrictions = reject_unauth_pipelining, permit_mynetworks, permit_sasl_authenticated, reject_non_fqdn_recipient, reject_unknown_recipient_domain, reject_unauth_destination, permit smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes smtpd_sasl_local_domain = smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous smtpd_sender_restrictions = permit_sasl_authenticated, permit_mynetworks, warn_if_reject reject_non_fqdn_sender, reject_unknown_sender_domain, reject_unauth_pipelining, permit smtpd_soft_error_limit = 3 smtpd_tls_cert_file = /etc/ssl/private/mail.xx.com.crt smtpd_tls_key_file = /etc/ssl/private/mail.xx.com.key smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtpd_scache smtpd_use_tls = yes unknown_local_recipient_reject_code = 450 virtual_alias_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/maps/alias.cf virtual_gid_maps = static:5000 virtual_mailbox_base = /var/spool/mail/virtual virtual_mailbox_domains = mysql:/etc/postfix/maps/domain.cf virtual_mailbox_limit = 0 virtual_mailbox_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/maps/user.cf virtual_uid_maps = static:5000 saslfinger -c version: 1.0.4ostfix Cyrus sasl configuration Ä mode: client-side SMTP AUTH -- basics -- Postfix: 2.9.3 System: Ubuntu 12.04.1 LTS \n \l -- smtp is linked to -- libsasl2.so.2 => /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libsasl2.so.2 (0x00d3a000) -- active SMTP AUTH and TLS parameters for smtp -- relayhost = smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtp_scache smtp_use_tls = yes -- listing of /usr/lib/sasl2 -- total 28 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 okt 14 15:18 . drwxr-xr-x 72 root root 12288 okt 14 15:03 .. -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1 maj 4 06:17 berkeley_db.txt -rw-r----- 1 root root 701 okt 14 15:18 saslpasswd.conf -rw-r----- 1 smmta smmsp 885 okt 14 15:18 Sendmail.conf -- listing of /etc/postfix/sasl -- total 12 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 okt 11 18:55 . drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 okt 12 06:59 .. -rwx------ 1 root root 241 okt 11 18:55 smtpd.conf Cannot find the smtp_sasl_password_maps parameter in main.cf. Client-side SMTP AUTH cannot work without this parameter!

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  • postfix error: open database /var/lib/mailman/data/aliases.db: No such file

    - by Thufir
    In trying to follow the Ubuntu guide for postfix and mailman, I do not understand these directions: This build of mailman runs as list. It must have permission to read /etc/aliases and read and write /var/lib/mailman/data/aliases. Do this with these commands: sudo chown root:list /var/lib/mailman/data/aliases sudo chown root:list /etc/aliases Save and run: sudo newaliases I'm getting this kind of error: root@dur:~# root@dur:~# root@dur:~# telnet localhost 25 Trying 127.0.0.1... Connected to localhost. Escape character is '^]'. 220 dur.bounceme.net ESMTP Postfix (Ubuntu) ehlo dur 250-dur.bounceme.net 250-PIPELINING 250-SIZE 10240000 250-VRFY 250-ETRN 250-STARTTLS 250-ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES 250-8BITMIME 250 DSN quit 221 2.0.0 Bye Connection closed by foreign host. root@dur:~# root@dur:~# tail /var/log/mail.log Aug 28 01:16:43 dur postfix/master[19444]: terminating on signal 15 Aug 28 01:16:43 dur postfix/postfix-script[19558]: starting the Postfix mail system Aug 28 01:16:43 dur postfix/master[19559]: daemon started -- version 2.9.1, configuration /etc/postfix Aug 28 01:16:45 dur postfix/postfix-script[19568]: stopping the Postfix mail system Aug 28 01:16:45 dur postfix/master[19559]: terminating on signal 15 Aug 28 01:16:45 dur postfix/postfix-script[19673]: starting the Postfix mail system Aug 28 01:16:45 dur postfix/master[19674]: daemon started -- version 2.9.1, configuration /etc/postfix Aug 28 01:17:22 dur postfix/smtpd[19709]: error: open database /var/lib/mailman/data/aliases.db: No such file or directory Aug 28 01:17:22 dur postfix/smtpd[19709]: connect from localhost[127.0.0.1] Aug 28 01:18:37 dur postfix/smtpd[19709]: disconnect from localhost[127.0.0.1] root@dur:~# root@dur:~# postconf -n alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases, hash:/var/lib/mailman/data/aliases append_dot_mydomain = no biff = no broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes config_directory = /etc/postfix default_transport = smtp home_mailbox = Maildir/ inet_interfaces = loopback-only mailbox_command = /usr/lib/dovecot/deliver -c /etc/dovecot/conf.d/01-mail-stack-delivery.conf -m "${EXTENSION}" mailbox_size_limit = 0 mailman_destination_recipient_limit = 1 mydestination = dur, dur.bounceme.net, localhost.bounceme.net, localhost myhostname = dur.bounceme.net mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128 readme_directory = no recipient_delimiter = + relay_domains = lists.dur.bounceme.net relay_transport = relay relayhost = smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtp_scache smtp_use_tls = yes smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name (Ubuntu) smtpd_recipient_restrictions = reject_unknown_sender_domain, reject_unknown_recipient_domain, reject_unauth_pipelining, permit_mynetworks, permit_sasl_authenticated, reject_unauth_destination smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes smtpd_sasl_authenticated_header = yes smtpd_sasl_local_domain = $myhostname smtpd_sasl_path = private/dovecot-auth smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous smtpd_sasl_type = dovecot smtpd_tls_auth_only = yes smtpd_tls_cert_file = /etc/ssl/certs/ssl-mail.pem smtpd_tls_key_file = /etc/ssl/private/ssl-mail.key smtpd_tls_mandatory_ciphers = medium smtpd_tls_mandatory_protocols = SSLv3, TLSv1 smtpd_tls_received_header = yes smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtpd_scache smtpd_use_tls = yes tls_random_source = dev:/dev/urandom transport_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/transport root@dur:~# root@dur:~# And am wondering what connection might be. I do see that I don't have the requisite files: root@dur:~# root@dur:~# ll /var/lib/mailman/data/aliases ls: cannot access /var/lib/mailman/data/aliases: No such file or directory root@dur:~# At what stage were those aliases created? How can I create them? Is that what's causing the error error: open database /var/lib/mailman/data/aliases.db: No such file or directory Aug 28 01:17:22 dur postfix/smtpd[19709]: connect from localhost[127.0.0.1]?

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  • Linux not picking up new partition correctly on emc pseudo device

    - by James
    Hi We have a database server running oracle rac. We were recently running out of space on the main LUN that it is attached to. I created a new 100GB LUN and concatenated this onto the existing LUN creating a new MetaLUN. After some messing I managed to get linux to recognise the new space. I then created a new partition in on the pseudo device, to use the new space. Previously when I have done this on other system the next step is to create an ASM disk on the new partition and add this disk to the oracle disk group. This however fails. I am aware of various issues with ASM and powerpath, but I don't think this is the issue here. As on while investigating the issue I discovered that one of the underlying logical device is not reflecting the size change. See below; Powermt displays all of the underlying logical units [root@XXXXX~]# powermt display dev=emcpowerd Pseudo name=emcpowerd CLARiiON ID=CKM00091500009 [VFRAC2] Logical device ID=6006016030312200787502866C65DE11 [LUN 30] state=alive; policy=CLAROpt; priority=0; queued-IOs=0 Owner: default=SP A, current=SP A Array failover mode: 1 ============================================================================== ---------------- Host --------------- - Stor - -- I/O Path - -- Stats --- ### HW Path I/O Paths Interf. Mode State Q-IOs Errors ============================================================================== 3 qla2xxx sde SP A0 active alive 0 0 3 qla2xxx sdj SP B0 active alive 0 0 4 qla2xxx sdo SP A1 active alive 0 0 4 qla2xxx sdt SP B1 active alive 0 0 Fdisk on the pseudo device shows correct space. [root@XXXXX ~]# fdisk -l /dev/emcpowerd Disk /dev/emcpowerd: 429.4 GB, 429496729600 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 52216 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/emcpowerd1 1 39162 314568733+ 83 Linux /dev/emcpowerd2 39163 52216 104856255 83 Linux fdisk on one of the logical units is wrong [root@XXXXX~]# fdisk -l /dev/sde Disk /dev/sde: 322.1 GB, 322122547200 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 39162 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sde1 1 39162 314568733+ 83 Linux /dev/sde2 39163 52216 104856255 83 Linux fdisk on the rest of the units is fine [root@XXXXX ~]# fdisk -l /dev/sdj Disk /dev/sdj: 429.4 GB, 429496729600 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 52216 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdj1 1 39162 314568733+ 83 Linux /dev/sdj2 39163 52216 104856255 83 Linux Also when I created the the partition linux did not create the any entries in the /dev directory for the second partition so I created these manually [root@XXXXX dev]# mknod sde2 b 8 66 [root@XXXXX dev]# ls -al sd[ejot]? brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 65 Dec 29 14:20 sde1 brw-r--r-- 1 root disk 8, 66 Apr 8 20:31 sde2 brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 145 Dec 29 14:19 sdj1 brw-r--r-- 1 root disk 8, 146 Apr 8 20:33 sdj2 brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 225 Apr 6 23:12 sdo1 brw-r--r-- 1 root disk 8, 226 Apr 8 20:33 sdo2 brw-r----- 1 root disk 65, 49 Dec 29 14:19 sdt1 brw-r--r-- 1 root disk 65, 50 Apr 8 20:33 sdt2 This is a production server that we cannot easily reboot. Any ideas would be much appreciated. J

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  • how to diagnosis and resolve: /usr/lib64/libz.so.1: no version information available

    - by matchew
    I had a hell of a time installing lxml for python2.7 on centOs5.6. For some background, python2.7 is an alternative installation of python on centOS5.6 which comes with python2.4 installed. it was bulit from source per its instrucitons ./configure make make altinstall However, after about 20 hours of trying I managed to find a workable solution and was able to install lxml. Until, I notice the following error at the top of the interpreter: python2.7: /usr/lib64/libz.so.1: no version information available (required by python2.7) Python 2.7.2 (default, Jun 30 2011, 18:55:26) [GCC 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat 4.1.2-50)] on linux2 Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. >>> print 'Sheeeeut!' this error is printed out everytime I run a script. For example: $ ./test.py /usr/local/bin/python2.7: /usr/lib64/libz.so.1: no version information available (required by /usr/local/bin/python2.7) the script runs flawlessly, but this error is bothersome. After some digging I have seem to believe I have a wrong version of libz installed, that it is either an older version or built for a different platform. I'm not quite sure how, I've only installed libz through yum, as far as I know. Although, I can't quite remember every little thing I tried in my twenty hours of trying. You may also be intereted in what my lib64 folder looks like, here is some information $ ls -ltrh libz* -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 84K Jan 9 2007 libz.so.1.2.3 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 107K Jan 9 2007 libz.a -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 154K Feb 22 23:30 libzdb.so.7.0.2 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 13 Apr 20 20:46 libz.so.1 -> libz.so.1.2.3 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Jun 30 18:43 libzdb.so.7 -> libzdb.so.7.0.2 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 13 Jul 1 11:35 libz.so -> libz.so.1.2.3 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Jul 1 11:35 libzdb.so -> libzdb.so.7.0.2 notice: the items that Say Jul 1st or Jun 30th are from me. I had initially moved these files into a backup folder as they seeemed to be 1. duplicates and 2. had a date after/during my problems I alluded to earlier that I had with lxml One inclination is to completely remove python2.7 and re-install. I think having it install to /usr/local/ was a poor default choice. However, without the make uninstall option being present it seems to be a time consuming task for a solution I am not quite sure would solve my problem.

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