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• Why is this Ruby 1.9 code resulting in an empty hash?

  - by randombits

  I'm trying to zip 3 arrays into a hash. The hash is coming up empty, though. Here's sample code to reproduce using Ruby 1.9: >> foo0 = ["a"] => ["a"] >> foo1 = ["b"] => ["b"] >> foo2 = ["c"] => ["c"] >> h = Hash[foo0.zip(foo1, foo2)] => {}

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• Perl: Why does "use strict" not let me pass a parameter hash?

  - by Thariama

  I hava a perl subroutine where i would like to pass parameters as a hash (the aim is to include a css depending on the parameter 'iconsize'). I am using the call: get_function_bar_begin('iconsize' => '32'); for the subroutine get_function_bar_begin: use strict; ... sub get_function_bar_begin { my $self = shift; my %template_params = %{ shift || {} }; return $self->render_template('global/bars /tmpl_incl_function_bar_begin.html',%template_params); } Why does this yield the error message: Error executing run mode 'start': undef error - Can't use string ("iconsize") as a HASH ref while "strict refs" in use at CheckBar.pm at line 334 Am i doing something wrong here? Is there an other way to submit my data ('iconsize') as a hash?

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• Possible to detect hash with more than one key?

  - by Sandra

  I am collecting data in a hash of hashes which looks like $VAR1 = { '502' => { 'user2' => '0' }, '501' => { 'git' => '0', 'fffff' => '755' }, '19197' => { 'user4' => '755' } }; The problem is in 501. Two keys may not occur. Is it possible to detect this? Update Fixed typo in hash.

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• Will the VMs on the ESXi cluster be running after disconnection from the network?

  - by John

  What will happen if I disconnect the ESXi cluster configured with HA from the switch(I need to change the power source on the main switch) and there is no management port redundancy? I'm going to disable the host monitoring and VM monitoring within HA settings, and connect to the switch after it boots up. Will the virtual machines be running if I disconnect the hosts from the network so they will not see any other ESXi host? I hope everything will work fine and the hosts will join the cluster after they connect to the network again, but I would like to be sure ..

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• How to handle #(hash) character in SEO friendly url?

  - by arvinsim

  How do you bypass the default behaviour if #(hash) which is to go to a specific part of a page? The problem that I have is that the # character is a part of the SEO friendly url which is a title and the #(hash) is part of the content (i.e. like with C#). I can't retrieve the whole string and I only get the characters before the #. Example: www.domain.com/C#-programming-book in this example I only get 'C' and not the '-programming-book' part. I am not using any javascript at the moment and would like to only use a PHP solution for this. Before anyone suggests that I used url encoding, the criteria for the seo friendly url is that it should be human readable and easily remembered. So converting the hash to '%23' does not pass the criteria. Is there no way around it?

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• Algorithmic problem - quickly finding all #'s where value %x is some given value

  - by Steve B.

  Problem I'm trying to solve, apologies in advance for the length: Given a large number of stored records, each with a unique (String) field S. I'd like to be able to find through an indexed query all records where Hash(S) % N == K for any arbitrary N, K (e.g. given a million strings, find all strings where HashCode(s) % 17 = 5. Is there some way of memoizing this so that we can quickly answer any question of this form without doing the % on every value? The motivation for this is a system of N distributed nodes, where each record has to be assigned to at least one node. The nodes are numbered 0 - (K-1) , and each node has to load up all of the records that match it's number: If we have 3 nodes Node 0 loads all records where Hash % 3 ==0 Node 1 loads all records where Hash % 3 ==1 Node 2 loads all records where Hash % 3 ==2 adding a 4th node, obviously all the assignments have to be recomputed - Node 0 loads all records where Hash % 4 ==0 ... etc I'd like to easily find these records through an indexed query without having to compute the mod individually. The best I've been able to come up with so far: If we take the prime factors of N (p1 * p2 * ... ) if N % M == I then p % M == I % p for all of N's prime factors e.g. 10 nodes : N % 10 == 6 then N % 2 = 0 == 6 %2 N % 5 = 1 == 6 %5 so storing an array of the "%" of N for the first "reasonable" number of primes for my data set should be helpful. For example in the above example we store the hash and the primes HASH PRIMES (array of %2, %3, %5, %7, ... ]) 16 [0 1 1 2 .. ] so looking for N%10 == 6 is equivalent to looking for all values where array[1]==1 and array[2] == 1. However, this breaks at the first prime larger than the highest number I'm storing in the factor table. Is there a better way?

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• Configure Oracle SOA JMSAdatper to Work with WLS JMS Topics

  - by fip

  The WebLogic JMS Topic are typically running in a WLS cluster. So as your SOA composites that receive these Topic messages. In some situation, the two clusters are the same while in others they are sepearate. The composites in SOA cluster are subscribers to the JMS Topic in WebLogic cluster. As nature of JMS Topic is meant to distribute the same copy of messages to all its subscribers, two questions arise immediately when it comes to load balancing the JMS Topic messages against the SOA composites: How to assure all of the SOA cluster members receive different messages instead of the same (duplicate) messages, even though the SOA cluster members are all subscribers to the Topic? How to make sure the messages are evenly distributed (load balanced) to SOA cluster members? Here we will walk through how to configure the JMS Topic, the JmsAdapter connection factory, as well as the composite so that the JMS Topic messages will be evenly distributed to same composite running off different SOA cluster nodes without causing duplication. 2. The typical configuration In this typical configuration, we achieve the load balancing of JMS Topic messages to JmsAdapters by configuring a partitioned distributed topic along with sharable subscriptions. You can reference the documentation for explanation of PDT. And this blog posting does a very good job to visually explain how this combination of configurations would message load balancing among clients of JMS Topics. Our job is to apply this configuration in the context of SOA JMS Adapters. To do so would involve the following steps: Step A. Configure JMS Topic to be UDD and PDT, at the WebLogic cluster that house the JMS Topic Step B. Configure JCA Connection Factory with proper ServerProperties at the SOA cluster Step C. Reference the JCA Connection Factory and define a durable subscriber name, at composite's JmsAdapter (or the *.jca file) Here are more details of each step: Step A. Configure JMS Topic to be UDD and PDT, You do this at the WebLogic cluster that house the JMS Topic. You can follow the instructions at Administration Console Online Help to create a Uniform Distributed Topic. If you use WebLogic Console, then at the same administration screen you can specify "Distribution Type" to be "Uniform", and the Forwarding policy to "Partitioned", which would make the JMS Topic Uniform Distributed Destination and a Partitioned Distributed Topic, respectively Step B: Configure ServerProperties of JCA Connection Factory You do this step at the SOA cluster. This step is to make the JmsAdapter that connect to the JMS Topic through this JCA Connection Factory as a certain type of "client". When you configure the JCA Connection Factory for the JmsAdapter, you define the list of properties in FactoryProperties field, in a semi colon separated list: ClientID=myClient;ClientIDPolicy=UNRESTRICTED;SubscriptionSharingPolicy=SHARABLE;TopicMessageDistributionAll=false You can refer to Chapter 8.4.10 Accessing Distributed Destinations (Queues and Topics) on the WebLogic Server JMS of the Adapter User Guide for the meaning of these properties. Please note: Except for ClientID, other properties such as the ClientIDPolicy=UNRESTRICTED, SubscriptionSharingPolicy=SHARABLE and TopicMessageDistributionAll=false are all default settings for the JmsAdapter's connection factory. Therefore you do NOT have to explicitly specify them explicitly. All you need to do is the specify the ClientID. The ClientID is different from the subscriber ID that we are to discuss in the later steps. To make it simple, you just need to remember you need to specify the client ID and make it unique per connection factory. Here is the example setting: Step C. Reference the JCA Connection Factory and define a durable subscriber name, at composite's JmsAdapter (or the *.jca file) In the following example, the value 'MySubscriberID-1' was given as the value of property 'DurableSubscriber': <adapter-config name="subscribe" adapter="JMS Adapter" wsdlLocation="subscribe.wsdl" xmlns="http://platform.integration.oracle/blocks/adapter/fw/metadata"> <connection-factory location="eis/wls/MyTestUDDTopic" UIJmsProvider="WLSJMS" UIConnectionName="ateam-hq24b"/> <endpoint-activation portType="Consume_Message_ptt" operation="Consume_Message"> <activation-spec className="oracle.tip.adapter.jms.inbound.JmsConsumeActivationSpec"> <property name="DurableSubscriber" value="MySubscriberID-1"/> <property name="PayloadType" value="TextMessage"/> <property name="UseMessageListener" value="false"/> <property name="DestinationName" value="jms/MyTestUDDTopic"/> </activation-spec> </endpoint-activation> </adapter-config> You can set the durable subscriber name either at composite's JmsAdapter wizard,or by directly editing the JmsAdapter's *.jca file within the Composite project. 2.The "atypical" configurations: For some systems, there may be restrictions that do not allow the afore mentioned "typical" configurations be applied. For examples, some deployments may be required to configure the JMS Topic to be Replicated Distributed Topic rather than Partition Distributed Topic. We would like to discuss those scenarios here: Configuration A: The JMS Topic is NOT PDT In this case, you need to define the message selector 'NOT JMS_WL_DDForwarded' in the adapter's *.jca file, to filter out those "replicated" messages. Configuration B. The ClientIDPolicy=RESTRICTED In this case, you need separate factories for different composites. More accurately, you need separate factories for different *.jca file of JmsAdapter. References: Managing Durable Subscription WebLogic JMS Partitioned Distributed Topics and Shared Subscriptions JMS Troubleshooting: Configuring JMS Message Logging: Advanced Programming with Distributed Destinations Using the JMS Destination Availability Helper API

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• CPU Usage in Very Large Coherence Clusters

  - by jpurdy

  When sizing Coherence installations, one of the complicating factors is that these installations (by their very nature) tend to be application-specific, with some being large, memory-intensive caches, with others acting as I/O-intensive transaction-processing platforms, and still others performing CPU-intensive calculations across the data grid. Regardless of the primary resource requirements, Coherence sizing calculations are inherently empirical, in that there are so many permutations that a simple spreadsheet approach to sizing is rarely optimal (though it can provide a good starting estimate). So we typically recommend measuring actual resource usage (primarily CPU cycles, network bandwidth and memory) at a given load, and then extrapolating from those measurements. Of course there may be multiple types of load, and these may have varying degrees of correlation -- for example, an increased request rate may drive up the number of objects "pinned" in memory at any point, but the increase may be less than linear if those objects are naturally shared by concurrent requests. But for most reasonably-designed applications, a linear resource model will be reasonably accurate for most levels of scale. However, at extreme scale, sizing becomes a bit more complicated as certain cluster management operations -- while very infrequent -- become increasingly critical. This is because certain operations do not naturally tend to scale out. In a small cluster, sizing is primarily driven by the request rate, required cache size, or other application-driven metrics. In larger clusters (e.g. those with hundreds of cluster members), certain infrastructure tasks become intensive, in particular those related to members joining and leaving the cluster, such as introducing new cluster members to the rest of the cluster, or publishing the location of partitions during rebalancing. These tasks have a strong tendency to require all updates to be routed via a single member for the sake of cluster stability and data integrity. Fortunately that member is dynamically assigned in Coherence, so it is not a single point of failure, but it may still become a single point of bottleneck (until the cluster finishes its reconfiguration, at which point this member will have a similar load to the rest of the members). The most common cause of scaling issues in large clusters is disabling multicast (by configuring well-known addresses, aka WKA). This obviously impacts network usage, but it also has a large impact on CPU usage, primarily since the senior member must directly communicate certain messages with every other cluster member, and this communication requires significant CPU time. In particular, the need to notify the rest of the cluster about membership changes and corresponding partition reassignments adds stress to the senior member. Given that portions of the network stack may tend to be single-threaded (both in Coherence and the underlying OS), this may be even more problematic on servers with poor single-threaded performance. As a result of this, some extremely large clusters may be configured with a smaller number of partitions than ideal. This results in the size of each partition being increased. When a cache server fails, the other servers will use their fractional backups to recover the state of that server (and take over responsibility for their backed-up portion of that state). The finest granularity of this recovery is a single partition, and the single service thread can not accept new requests during this recovery. Ordinarily, recovery is practically instantaneous (it is roughly equivalent to the time required to iterate over a set of backup backing map entries and move them to the primary backing map in the same JVM). But certain factors can increase this duration drastically (to several seconds): large partitions, sufficiently slow single-threaded CPU performance, many or expensive indexes to rebuild, etc. The solution of course is to mitigate each of those factors but in many cases this may be challenging. Larger clusters also lead to the temptation to place more load on the available hardware resources, spreading CPU resources thin. As an example, while we've long been aware of how garbage collection can cause significant pauses, it usually isn't viewed as a major consumer of CPU (in terms of overall system throughput). Typically, the use of a concurrent collector allows greater responsiveness by minimizing pause times, at the cost of reducing system throughput. However, at a recent engagement, we were forced to turn off the concurrent collector and use a traditional parallel "stop the world" collector to reduce CPU usage to an acceptable level. In summary, there are some less obvious factors that may result in excessive CPU consumption in a larger cluster, so it is even more critical to test at full scale, even though allocating sufficient hardware may often be much more difficult for these large clusters.

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• What does the MS Ajax Framework use location.hash for?

  - by DDaviesBrackett

  I've noticed that the MS ajax framework touches the action of the default form during Sys.Application.initialize, appending location.hash to it. This is interfering with other code in my app that expects different behaviour. What does the framework do with that? It refers to the values it puts on the hash as 'state', but how do I find out what it's communicating and from where?

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• How to obtain the first cluster of the directory's data in FAT using C# (or at least C++) and Win32A

  - by DarkWalker

  So I have a FAT drive, lets say H: and a directory 'work' (full path 'H:\work'). I need to get the NUMBER of the first cluster of that directory. The number of the first cluster is 2-bytes value, that is stored in the 26th and 27th bytes of the folder enty (wich is 32 bytes). Lets say I am doing it with file, NOT a directory. I can use code like this: static public string GetDirectoryPtr(string dir) { IntPtr ptr = CreateFile(@"H:\Work\dover.docx", GENERIC_READ, FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE, IntPtr.Zero, OPEN_EXISTING, 0,//FILE_FLAG_BACKUP_SEMANTICS, IntPtr.Zero); try { const uint bytesToRead = 2; byte[] readbuffer = new byte[bytesToRead]; if (ptr.ToInt32() == -1) return String.Format("Error: cannot open direcotory {0}", dir); if (SetFilePointer(ptr, 26, 0, 0) == -1) return String.Format("Error: unable to set file pointer on file {0}", ptr); uint read = 0; // real count of read bytes if (!ReadFile(ptr, readbuffer, bytesToRead, out read, 0)) return String.Format("cant read from file {0}. Error #{1}", ptr, Marshal.GetLastWin32Error()); int result = readbuffer[0] + 16 * 16 * readbuffer[1]; return result.ToString();//ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetString(readbuffer); } finally { CloseHandle(ptr); } } And it will return some number, like 19 (quite real to me, this is the only file on the disk). But I DONT need a file, I need a folder. So I am puttin FILE_FLAG_BACKUP_SEMANTICS param for CreateFile call... and dont know what to do next =) msdn is very clear on this issue http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa365258(v=VS.85).aspx It sounds to me like: "There is no way you can get a number of the folder's first cluster". The most desperate thing is that my tutor said smth like "You are going to obtain this or you wont pass this course". The true reason why he is so sure this is possible is because for 10 years (or may be more) he recieved the folder's first cluster number as a HASH of the folder's addres (and I was stupid enough to point this to him, so now I cant do it the same way) PS: This is the most spupid task I have ever had!!! This value is not really used anythere in program, it is only fcking pointless integer.

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• Could someone explain hash tag usage for deeplinking ajax applications?

  - by Sergio

  Hi There, I am currently trying to full appreciate how and when to use hash tags in urls when building an ajax powered website. There seems to be a distinct lack of reading material on the web regarding this technique and as such I don't feel like I've got a good handle on it. Could someone explain in the simplest terms how the hash tag can be used in urls to enable things like loading pages via ajax. Thanks

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• Can I update window.location.hash without having the web page scroll?

  - by Jonathon Watney

  Using JavaScript, is there a way to update window.location.hash without scrolling the web page? I have clickable title elements that toggle the visibility of a div directly beneath them. I want the /foo#bar in the history when clicking titles but don't want the page scrolling about. So when navigating away from /foo#bar I'll be able to use the back button and have the div whose ID is in window.location.hash be visible upon return. Is this behavior possible?

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• How does one access this hash from an ActiveRecord class in the Rails console?

  - by randombits

  I have a simple hash I created to make it easier to do dictionary type lookups. For instance: class Numbers < ActiveRecord::Base MY_TYPES { one: => 1, two: => 2 } end Is it not possible in the rails console to access this hash via Numbers.MY_TYPES[:one]?

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• Expanding a Cassandra cluster with one additional node: what ports need to be open?

  - by knorv

  Assume a Cassandra cluster with hosts A and B. This cluster shall now be extended with another host C. Assume that Cis on a firewalled network were all packets are dropped by default. Which ports and protocols must be opened up between C <> A and C <> B for the new node C to function properly?

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• Recipient address rejected: User unknown in local recipient table;

  - by Thufir

  I've gone through the guide for mailman with some difficulty, but seem to be nearly there. I'm able to navigate to the mailman web GUI, create lists and subscribe. I just subscribe my local FQDN, so [email protected] for testing purposes. This FQDN only works on localhost. However, e-mails to the list address, in this case [email protected], are rejected: root@dur:~# root@dur:~# tail /var/log/mail.log Aug 28 08:28:43 dur postfix/master[12208]: terminating on signal 15 Aug 28 08:28:44 dur postfix/postfix-script[12322]: starting the Postfix mail system Aug 28 08:28:44 dur postfix/master[12323]: daemon started -- version 2.9.1, configuration /etc/postfix Aug 28 08:28:46 dur postfix/postfix-script[12332]: stopping the Postfix mail system Aug 28 08:28:46 dur postfix/master[12323]: terminating on signal 15 Aug 28 08:28:47 dur postfix/postfix-script[12437]: starting the Postfix mail system Aug 28 08:28:47 dur postfix/master[12438]: daemon started -- version 2.9.1, configuration /etc/postfix Aug 28 08:29:29 dur postfix/smtpd[12460]: connect from localhost[127.0.0.1] Aug 28 08:29:30 dur postfix/smtpd[12460]: NOQUEUE: reject: RCPT from localhost[127.0.0.1]: 550 5.1.1 <[email protected]>: Recipient address rejected: User unknown in local recipient table; from=<[email protected]> to=<[email protected]> proto=ESMTP helo=<dur.bounceme.net> Aug 28 08:29:33 dur postfix/smtpd[12460]: disconnect from localhost[127.0.0.1] root@dur:~# root@dur:~# ll /var/lib/mailman/data/ total 56 drwxrwsr-x 2 root list 4096 Aug 28 08:28 ./ drwxrwsr-x 8 root list 4096 Aug 27 19:58 ../ -rw-r--r-- 1 root list 0 Aug 28 04:36 aliases -rw-r--r-- 1 root list 12288 Aug 28 04:36 aliases.db -rw-r--r-- 1 root list 12288 Aug 28 08:28 aliases.db.db -rw-r----- 1 root list 41 Aug 27 21:04 creator.pw -rw-rw-r-- 1 root list 10 Aug 27 19:58 last_mailman_version -rw-r--r-- 1 root list 14100 Oct 19 2011 sitelist.cfg root@dur:~# root@dur:~# grep alias /etc/postfix/main.cf alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases, hash:/var/lib/mailman/data/aliases alias_database = hash:/var/lib/mailman/data/aliases.db #alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases root@dur:~# root@dur:~# postconf -n alias_database = hash:/var/lib/mailman/data/aliases.db alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases, hash:/var/lib/mailman/data/aliases append_dot_mydomain = no biff = no broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes config_directory = /etc/postfix default_transport = smtp home_mailbox = Maildir/ inet_interfaces = loopback-only mailbox_command = /usr/lib/dovecot/deliver -c /etc/dovecot/conf.d/01-mail-stack-delivery.conf -m "${EXTENSION}" mailbox_size_limit = 0 mailman_destination_recipient_limit = 1 mydestination = $myhostname localhost.$mydomain localhost $mydomain myhostname = dur.bounceme.net mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128 readme_directory = no recipient_delimiter = + relay_domains = lists.example.com relay_transport = relay relayhost = smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtp_scache smtp_use_tls = yes smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name (Ubuntu) smtpd_recipient_restrictions = reject_unknown_sender_domain, reject_unknown_recipient_domain, reject_unauth_pipelining, permit_mynetworks, permit_sasl_authenticated, reject_unauth_destination smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes smtpd_sasl_authenticated_header = yes smtpd_sasl_local_domain = $myhostname smtpd_sasl_path = private/dovecot-auth smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous smtpd_sasl_type = dovecot smtpd_tls_auth_only = yes smtpd_tls_cert_file = /etc/ssl/certs/ssl-mail.pem smtpd_tls_key_file = /etc/ssl/private/ssl-mail.key smtpd_tls_mandatory_ciphers = medium smtpd_tls_mandatory_protocols = SSLv3, TLSv1 smtpd_tls_received_header = yes smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtpd_scache smtpd_use_tls = yes tls_random_source = dev:/dev/urandom transport_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/transport root@dur:~# Why is this e-mail rejected? It seems to, maybe be related to the alias_maps and alias_database settings in postfix.

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• /etc/postfix/transport missing; what should it look like?

  - by Thufir

  I'm following the mailman guide but couldn't locate /etc/postfix/ so created it as follows: root@dur:~# root@dur:~# cat /etc/postfix/transport dur.bounceme.net mailman: root@dur:~# root@dur:~# telnet localhost 25 Trying 127.0.0.1... Connected to localhost. Escape character is '^]'. 220 dur.bounceme.net ESMTP Postfix (Ubuntu) ehlo fqdn_test 250-dur.bounceme.net 250-PIPELINING 250-SIZE 10240000 250-VRFY 250-ETRN 250-STARTTLS 250-ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES 250-8BITMIME 250 DSN mail from:[email protected] 250 2.1.0 Ok rcpt to:thufir@localhost 451 4.3.0 <thufir@localhost>: Temporary lookup failure rcpt to:[email protected] 451 4.3.0 <[email protected]>: Temporary lookup failure quit 221 2.0.0 Bye Connection closed by foreign host. root@dur:~# root@dur:~# postconf -n alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases, hash:/var/lib/mailman/data/aliases append_dot_mydomain = no biff = no broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes config_directory = /etc/postfix default_transport = smtp home_mailbox = Maildir/ inet_interfaces = loopback-only mailbox_command = /usr/lib/dovecot/deliver -c /etc/dovecot/conf.d/01-mail-stack-delivery.conf -m "${EXTENSION}" mailbox_size_limit = 0 mailman_destination_recipient_limit = 1 mydestination = dur, dur.bounceme.net, localhost.bounceme.net, localhost myhostname = dur.bounceme.net mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128 readme_directory = no recipient_delimiter = + relay_domains = lists.dur.bounceme.net relay_transport = relay relayhost = smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtp_scache smtp_use_tls = yes smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name (Ubuntu) smtpd_recipient_restrictions = reject_unknown_sender_domain, reject_unknown_recipient_domain, reject_unauth_pipelining, permit_mynetworks, permit_sasl_authenticated, reject_unauth_destination smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes smtpd_sasl_authenticated_header = yes smtpd_sasl_local_domain = $myhostname smtpd_sasl_path = private/dovecot-auth smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous smtpd_sasl_type = dovecot smtpd_tls_auth_only = yes smtpd_tls_cert_file = /etc/ssl/certs/ssl-mail.pem smtpd_tls_key_file = /etc/ssl/private/ssl-mail.key smtpd_tls_mandatory_ciphers = medium smtpd_tls_mandatory_protocols = SSLv3, TLSv1 smtpd_tls_received_header = yes smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtpd_scache smtpd_use_tls = yes tls_random_source = dev:/dev/urandom transport_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/transport root@dur:~# root@dur:~# tail /var/log/mail.log Aug 28 02:05:15 dur postfix/smtpd[20326]: connect from localhost[127.0.0.1] Aug 28 02:06:10 dur postfix/smtpd[20326]: warning: hash:/var/lib/mailman/data/aliases is unavailable. open database /var/lib/mailman/data/aliases.db: No such file or directory Aug 28 02:06:10 dur postfix/smtpd[20326]: warning: hash:/var/lib/mailman/data/aliases lookup error for "thufir@localhost" Aug 28 02:06:10 dur postfix/smtpd[20326]: NOQUEUE: reject: RCPT from localhost[127.0.0.1]: 451 4.3.0 <thufir@localhost>: Temporary lookup failure; from=<[email protected]> to=<thufir@localhost> proto=ESMTP helo=<fqdn_test> Aug 28 02:06:23 dur postfix/smtpd[20326]: warning: hash:/var/lib/mailman/data/aliases is unavailable. open database /var/lib/mailman/data/aliases.db: No such file or directory Aug 28 02:06:23 dur postfix/smtpd[20326]: warning: hash:/var/lib/mailman/data/aliases lookup error for "[email protected]" Aug 28 02:06:23 dur postfix/smtpd[20326]: NOQUEUE: reject: RCPT from localhost[127.0.0.1]: 451 4.3.0 <[email protected]>: Temporary lookup failure; from=<[email protected]> to=<[email protected]> proto=ESMTP helo=<fqdn_test> Aug 28 02:06:28 dur postfix/smtpd[20326]: disconnect from localhost[127.0.0.1] Aug 28 02:06:49 dur dovecot: pop3-login: Login: user=<thufir>, method=PLAIN, rip=127.0.0.1, lip=127.0.0.1, mpid=20338, TLS Aug 28 02:06:49 dur dovecot: pop3(thufir): Disconnected: Logged out top=0/0, retr=0/0, del=0/0, size=0 root@dur:~# The manual page is here.

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• What are the ways to build a failover cluster?

  - by light

  I have a task where I need to build a failover cluster in two cases: first with servers on Red Hat Enterprise 5.1 and second with SUSE Linux Enterprise 11 SP1. Both cases have SAN. I know there are many ways to build failover cluster, but I can’t find out more, so I need next: The ways to build it? I know only virtualization. Any good book or resource to broad my mind? I’ll be glad to hear any suggestion. Thanks! EDIT #1: failover of servers with bussiness application on it. EDIT #2: will be great to hear summary about solutions with SLES servers? EDIT #3: So if I understand correctly, in my cases the main ways are to use internal solutions or virtualization. So now I have additional questions: Does manufacturer of blades provide some solution? For example HP or IBM. (Without virtualization) Do I need additional server to control "heartbeat" between main and redundant servers? (Virtualization) For example I have several physical servers with VMs. Do I need additional server to control availability of VMs and to move VMs to another physical server in the case their physical server failure? Sorry for my poor English. EDIT #4: Failover of VM or OS on physical server. In both cases will be used SAN , it's not specified, but I think with file system image on it. I started to think that my question is stupid and I need to remake it.

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• Problem with copying local data onto HDFS on a Hadoop cluster using Amazon EC2/ S3.

  - by Deepak Konidena

  Hi, I have setup a Hadoop cluster containing 5 nodes on Amazon EC2. Now, when i login into the Master node and submit the following command bin/hadoop jar <program>.jar <arg1> <arg2> <path/to/input/file/on/S3> It throws the following errors (not at the same time.) The first error is thrown when i don't replace the slashes with '%2F' and the second is thrown when i replace them with '%2F': 1) Java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Invalid hostname in URI S3://<ID>:<SECRETKEY>@<BUCKET>/<path-to-inputfile> 2) org.apache.hadoop.fs.S3.S3Exception: org.jets3t.service.S3ServiceException: S3 PUT failed for '/' XML Error Message: The request signature we calculated does not match the signature you provided. check your key and signing method. Note: 1)when i submitted jps to see what tasks were running on the Master, it just showed 1116 NameNode 1699 Jps 1180 JobTracker leaving DataNode and TaskTracker. 2)My Secret key contains two '/' (forward slashes). And i replace them with '%2F' in the S3 URI. PS: The program runs fine on EC2 when run on a single node. Its only when i launch a cluster, i run into issues related to copying data to/from S3 from/to HDFS. And, what does distcp do? Do i need to distribute the data even after i copy the data from S3 to HDFS?(I thought, HDFS took care of that internally) IF you could direct me to a link that explains running Map/reduce programs on a hadoop cluster using Amazon EC2/S3. That would be great. Regards, Deepak.

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• How does the rsync algorithm correctly identify repeating blocks?

  - by Kai

  I'm on a personal quest to learn how the rsync algorithm works. After some reading and thinking, I've come up with a situation where I think the algorithm fails. I'm trying to figure out how this is resolved in an actual implementation. Consider this example, where A is the receiver and B is the sender. A = abcde1234512345fghij B = abcde12345fghij As you can see, the only change is that 12345 has been removed. Now, to make this example interesting, let's choose a block size of 5 bytes (chars). Hashing the values on the sender's side using the weak checksum gives the following values list. abcde|12345|fghij abcde -> 495 12345 -> 255 fghij -> 520 values = [495, 255, 520] Next we check to see if any hash values differ in A. If there's a matching block we can skip to the end of that block for the next check. If there's a non-matching block then we've found a difference. I'll step through this process. Hash the first block. Does this hash exist in the values list? abcde -> 495 (yes, so skip) Hash the second block. Does this hash exist in the values list? 12345 -> 255 (yes, so skip) Hash the third block. Does this hash exist in the values list? 12345 -> 255 (yes, so skip) Hash the fourth block. Does this hash exist in the values list? fghij -> 520 (yes, so skip) No more data, we're done. Since every hash was found in the values list, we conclude that A and B are the same. Which, in my humble opinion, isn't true. It seems to me this will happen whenever there is more than one block that share the same hash. What am I missing?

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• Java java.util.ConcurrentModificationException error

  - by vijay

  Hi all, please can anybody help me solve this problem last so many days I could not able to solve this error. I tried using synchronized method and other ways but did not work so please help me Error java.util.ConcurrentModificationException at java.util.AbstractList$Itr.checkForComodification(Unknown Source) at java.util.AbstractList$Itr.remove(Unknown Source) at JCA.startAnalysis(JCA.java:103) at PrgMain2.doPost(PrgMain2.java:235) Code public synchronized void startAnalysis() { //set Starting centroid positions - Start of Step 1 setInitialCentroids(); Iterator<DataPoint> n = mDataPoints.iterator(); //assign DataPoint to clusters loop1: while (true) { for (Cluster c : clusters) { c.addDataPoint(n.next()); if (!n.hasNext()) break loop1; } } //calculate E for all the clusters calcSWCSS(); //recalculate Cluster centroids - Start of Step 2 for (Cluster c : clusters) { c.getCentroid().calcCentroid(); } //recalculate E for all the clusters calcSWCSS(); // List copy = new ArrayList(originalList); //synchronized (c) { for (int i = 0; i < miter; i++) { //enter the loop for cluster 1 for (Cluster c : clusters) { for (Iterator<DataPoint> k = c.getDataPoints().iterator(); k.hasNext(); ) { // synchronized (k) { DataPoint dp = k.next(); System.out.println("Value of DP" +dp); //pick the first element of the first cluster //get the current Euclidean distance double tempEuDt = dp.getCurrentEuDt(); Cluster tempCluster = null; boolean matchFoundFlag = false; //call testEuclidean distance for all clusters for (Cluster d : clusters) { //if testEuclidean < currentEuclidean then if (tempEuDt > dp.testEuclideanDistance(d.getCentroid())) { tempEuDt = dp.testEuclideanDistance(d.getCentroid()); tempCluster = d; matchFoundFlag = true; } //if statement - Check whether the Last EuDt is > Present EuDt } //for variable 'd' - Looping between different Clusters for matching a Data Point. //add DataPoint to the cluster and calcSWCSS if (matchFoundFlag) { tempCluster.addDataPoint(dp); //k.notify(); // if(k.hasNext()) k.remove(); for (Cluster d : clusters) { d.getCentroid().calcCentroid(); } //for variable 'd' - Recalculating centroids for all Clusters calcSWCSS(); } //if statement - A Data Point is eligible for transfer between Clusters. // }// syn } //for variable 'k' - Looping through all Data Points of the current Cluster. }//for variable 'c' - Looping through all the Clusters. }//for variable 'i' - Number of iterations. // syn }

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• Exchange 2010 add mailbox server to DAG error

  - by Michael

  Hello, i'm having some problems when adding a second mailbox server to my DAG in Exchange 2010. The test setup goes like this: 1x windows server 2008 (DC/DNS) 2x windows server 2008 (Exchange 2010) I have made sure all services are up and running and that the "Exchange Trusted Subsystem" account is set as a local admin. When i create a DAG i can add the first mailbox server (A) without any problems, but when i go to add the second (B) it gives me an error saying "Unable to contact the Cluster service on 1 other members (member) of the Database availability group. It does the same if i add (B) first and then try to add (A). Here is a part of the log file: [2010-04-05T15:00:27] GetRemoteCluster() for the mailbox server failed with exception = An Active Manager operation failed. Error: An error occurred while attempting a cluster operation. Error: Cluster API '"OpenCluster(EXCHANGE20102.area51.com) failed with 0x6d9. Error: There are no more endpoints available from the endpoint mapper"' failed.. This is OK. [2010-04-05T15:00:27] Ignoring previous error, as it is acceptable if the cluster does not exist yet. [2010-04-05T15:00:27] DumpClusterTopology: Opening remote cluster AREA51DAG01. [2010-04-05T15:00:27] DumpClusterTopology: Failed opening with Microsoft.Exchange.Cluster.Replay.AmClusterApiException: An Active Manager operation failed. Error: An error occurred while attempting a cluster operation. Error: Cluster API '"OpenCluster(AREA51DAG01.area51.com) failed with 0x5. Error: Access is denied"' failed. --- System.ComponentModel.Win32Exception: Access is denied --- End of inner exception stack trace --- Any help would be really appreciated, thanks.

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• Microsoft Application Request Routing with Windows Authentication

  - by theplatz

  I'm running into a problem trying to get Windows Authentication working in an environment that uses Microsoft Application Request Routing and was hoping someone might be able to help. The problem I'm running into is that only some requests are authenticated, while others fail with 401 errors. I have followed the Special Case of Running IIS 7.0 in a Web Farm instructions found at http://blogs.msdn.com/b/webtopics/archive/2009/01/19/service-principal-name-spn-checklist-for-kerberos-authentication-with-iis-7-0.aspx to no avail. My current server setup looks like the following: ARR Two servers set up with IIS shared configuration using IIS 7.5 on Windows 2008 R2 Anonymous authentication turned on for the Default Web Site Web Farm Two servers running IIS 7.5 on Windows 2008 R2 Three web sites set up using port binding to differentiate between virtual hosts. Ports being used are 8000, 8001, and 8002 Application pools for Windows Authentication all use a common domain account SPN added to domain account for http/<virthalhost-name>:<port-number> and http/<virtualhost-name>.<fully-qualified-domain>:<port-number> The IIS logs show the following when authentication is working/failing. If I understand correctly, all requests should show DOMAIN\User_Name: 2012-11-19 15:03:17 CLUSTER-IP-ADDRESS GET /home/stylesheets/techweb.landing.css - 8002 DOMAIN\User_Name ARR-HOST-1-IP-ADDRESS 200 0 0 62 2012-11-19 15:03:17 CLUSTER-IP-ADDRESS GET /home/images/user-background-right.gif - 8002 - ARR-HOST-1-IP-ADDRESS 401 2 5 0 2012-11-19 15:03:17 CLUSTER-IP-ADDRESS GET /home/images/user-background-left.gif - 8002 DOMAIN\User_Name ARR-HOST-IP-ADDRESS 200 0 0 31 2012-11-19 15:03:17 CLUSTER-IP-ADDRESS GET /home/images/user-icon.png - 8002 - ARR-HOST-1-IP-ADDRESS 401 2 5 0 2012-11-19 15:03:17 CLUSTER-IP-ADDRESS GET /home/images/user-icon.png - 8002 - ARR-HOST-1-IP-ADDRESS 401 1 2148074248 0 2012-11-19 15:03:17 CLUSTER-IP-ADDRESS GET /home/images/application-icon.png - 8002 - ARR-HOST-1-IP-ADDRESS 401 1 2148074248 0 2012-11-19 15:03:17 CLUSTER-IP-ADDRESS GET /home/images/user-background-right.gif - 8002 - ARR-HOST-1-IP-ADDRESS 401 1 3221225581 15 2012-11-19 15:03:17 CLUSTER-IP-ADDRESS GET /home/images/building.gif - 8002 DOMAIN\User_Name ARR-HOST-2-IP-ADDRESS 200 0 0 218 Does anyone know what might cause this problem and how I can resolve it?

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• AngularJS databinding

  - by user3652865

  How can I add multiple values to one object in an Array. I am having Environment and Cluster, I am able to assign multiple clusters to one environment. Now I want to add application name to this environment and cluster pair. I am having page called "Add Application". Here I am using select menu to for environment and Cluster. My first question is, when I select environment then want to show only those clusters which are assigned to that environment name. And assign application name to that pair. Also should be able to edit the Application field. I am using environmentServices and clusterServices to store updated data. link of JSFiddle: http://jsfiddle.net/avinashMaddy/J2KLK/5/ Please if someone can help me in this. Below is my code: <div class="maincontent" ng-controller="manageApplicationController"> <div class="article"> <form> <section> <!-- Environment --> <div class="col-md-4"> <label>Environment:</label> <select ng-model="newApp.selectedEnvironment" class="form-control" ng-options="environment.name for environment in environments"> <option value='' disabled style='display:none;'> Select Environment </option> </select> <span> <select ng-switch-when="true" disabled ng-model="newApp.selectedEnvironment" class="form-control" ng-options="environment.name for environment in environments"> <option value='' disabled style='display:none;'> Select Environment </option> </select> </span> </div> <!-- Cluster --> <div class="col-md-4"> <label>Cluster:</label> <span ng-switch on="newApp.showCancel"> <select ng-switch-default ng-model="newApp.selectedCluster" class="form-control" ng-options="cluster for cluster in clusters"> <option value='' disabled style='display:none;'> Select Environment </option> </select> <select ng-switch-when="true" disabled ng-model="newApp.selectedCluster" class="form-control" ng-options="cluster for cluster in clusters"> <option value='' disabled style='display:none;'> Select Environment </option> </select> </span> </div> <!-- Application Name --> <div class="col-md-4"> <label>Application Name:</label> <input type="text" class="form-control" name="applicationName" placeholder="Application" ng-model="app.name" required> <br/> <input type="hidden" ng-model="app.id" /> </div> </section> <!-- submit button --> <section class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-default pull-right" ng-click="saveNewApplicatons()">Save</button> </section> </form> </div> <!-- table --> <div class="article"> <table class="table table-bordered table-striped"> <tr> <th colspan="6"> <div class="pull-left">Cluster Info</div> </th> </tr> <tr> <th>Environment</th> <th>Cluster</th> <th>Application</th> <th>Edit</th> <th>Header Ifo</th> </tr> <tr ng-repeat="app in applications"> <td>{{app.environment}}</td> <td>{{app.cluster}}</td> <td>{{app.name}}</td> <td> <a href="" ng-click="edit(app.id)" title="Edit">edit</span></a> | <a href="" ng-click="remove(app.id)" title="Delete">delete</a> </td> <td> <!-- Add template --> <script type="text/ng-template" id="addHederInfo.html"> <div class="modal-header"> <h3>Add Header Info</h3> </div> <div class="modal-body"> <input type="text" class="form-control" name="eName" placeholder="Header Key" ng-model="$parent.header.key"> <br/> <input type="text" class="form-control" name="eName" placeholder="Header Value" ng-model="$parent.header.value"> <br /> <input type="hidden" ng-model="header.id" /> <section> <div class="pull-right"> <button class="btn btn-primary" ng-click="saveHeader()">Add</button> <button class="btn btn-warning" ng-click="cancel()">Close</button> </div> </section> </div> <div class="modal-footer"> <h3>Existing Header Info for </h3> <table class="table table-bordered table-striped"> <tr> <th>Header Key</th> <th>Header Vlaue</th> </tr> <tr ng-repeat="header in headers"> <td>{{header.key}}</td> <td>{{header.value}}</td> </tr> </table> </div> </script> <!-- /Add template --> <script type="text/ng-template" id="editHederInfo.html"> <div class="modal-header"> <h3>Edit Header Info</h3> </div> <div class="modal-body"> <input type="text" class="form-control" name="eName" placeholder="Header Key" ng-model="$parent.header.key"> <br/> <input type="text" class="form-control" name="eName" placeholder="Header Value" ng-model="$parent.header.value"> <br /> <input type="hidden" ng-model="header.id" /> <section> <div class="pull-right"> <button class="btn btn-primary" ng-click="saveHeader()">Update</button> <button class="btn btn-warning" ng-click="cancel()">Close</button> </div> </section> </div> <div class="modal-footer"> <h3>Existing Header Info for</h3> <table class="table table-bordered table-striped"> <tr> <th>Header Key</th> <th>Header Vlaue</th> <th>Edit</th> </tr> <tr ng-repeat="header in headers"> <td>{{header.key}}</td> <td>{{header.value}}</td> <td> <a href="" ng-click="editHeader(header.id)" title="Edit"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-edit" ></span></a> | <a href="" ng-click="removeHeader(header.id)" title="Edit"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-trash"></span></a> </td> </tr> </table> </div> </script> <!-- Add template --> <!-- /Add template --> <a href="" ng-click="addInfo()">Add</a> | <a href="" ng-click="editInfo()">Edit</a> </td> </tr> </table> </div> </div> Controller.js: var apsApp = angular.module('apsApp', []); apsApp.service('clusterService', function(){ var clusters=[]; //simply returns the environment list this.list = function () { return clusters; }; }); apsApp.service('environmentService', function(){ var environments=[ {name :'DEV',}, {name:'PROD',}, {name:'QA',}, {name:'Linux_Dev',} ]; //simply returns the environment list this.list = function () { return environments; }; apsApp.controller('manageApplicationController', function ($scope, environmentService, clusterService) { var uid = 0; $scope.environments= environmentService.list(); $scope.clusters= clusterService.list(); $scope.newApp = {}; $scope.newApp.selectedEnvironment = $scope.environments[0]; $scope.newApp.selectedCluster = $scope.clusters[0]; $scope.newApp.buttonLabel = 'Save'; $scope.newApp.showCancel = false; /*$scope.applications=[ {'name': 'Enterprice App Store' }, {'name': 'UsageGateway'}, {'name': 'Click 2 Fill'}, {'name': 'ATT SmartWiFi'} ];*/ //add new application $scope.saveNewApplicatons = function() { if ($scope.select.id == undefined) { //if this is new application, add it in applications array $scope.clusters.push({ id: uid++, cluster: $scope.newApp.cluster, environment: $scope.newApp.selectedEnvironment }); } else { $scope.clusters[$scope.select.id].cluster = $scope.select.cluster; $scope.newApp.id = undefined; $scope.newApp.buttonLabel = 'Save Cluster'; $scope.newApp.showCancel = false; }; //clear the add appplicaitons form $scope.newApp.selectedEnvironment = $scope.environments[0]; }; //delete application $scope.remove = function (id) { //search app with given id and delete it for (i in $scope.clusters) { if ($scope.clusters[i].id == id) { confirm("This Cluster will get deleted permanently"); $scope.clusters.splice(i, 1); $scope.clust = {}; } } }; $scope.cancelUpdate = function () { $scope.newApp.buttonLabel = 'Save Cluster'; $scope.newApp.showCancel = false; $scope.newApp.id = undefined; $scope.newApp.cluster = ""; $scope.newApp.selectedEnvironment = $scope.environments[0]; }; });

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• How should we serve files in a small bioinformatics cluster?

  - by cespinoza

  We have a small cluster of six ubuntu servers. We run bioinformatics analyses on these clusters. Each analysis takes about 24 hours to complete, each core i7 server can handle 2 at a time, takes as input about 5GB data and outputs about 10-25GB of data. We run dozens of these a week. The software is a hodgepodge of custom perl scripts and 3rd party sequence alignment software written in C/C++. Currently, files are served from two of the compute nodes (yes, we're using compute nodes as file servers)-- each node has 5 1TB sata drives mounted separately (no raid) and is pooled via glusterfs 2.0.1. They each have as 3 bonded intel ethernet pci gigabit ethernet cards, attached to a d-link DGS-1224T switch ($300 24 port consumer-level). We are not currently using jumbo frames (not sure why, actually). The two file-serving compute nodes are then mirrored via glusterfs. Each of the four other nodes mounts the files via glusterfs. The files are all large (4gb+), and are stored as bare files (no database/etc) if that matters. As you can imagine, this is a bit of a mess that grew organically without forethought and we want to improve it now that we're running out of space. Our analyses are I/O intensive and it is a bottle neck-- we're only getting 140mB/sec between the two fileservers, maybe 50mb/sec from the clients (which only have single NICs). We have a flexible budget which I can probably get up $5k or so. How should we spend our budget? We need at least 10TB of storage fast enough to serve all nodes. How fast/big does the cpu/memory of such a file server have to be? Should we use NFS, ATA over Ethernet, iSCSI, Glusterfs, or something else? Should we buy two or more servers and create some sort of storage cluster, or is 1 server enough for such a small number of nodes? Should we invest in faster NICs (say, PCI-express cards with multiple connectors)? The switch? Should we use raid, if so, hardware or software? and which raid (5, 6, 10, etc)? Any ideas appreciated. We're biologists, not IT gurus.

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• Working with a large data object between ruby processes

  - by Gdeglin

  I have a Ruby hash that reaches approximately 10 megabytes if written to a file using Marshal.dump. After gzip compression it is approximately 500 kilobytes. Iterating through and altering this hash is very fast in ruby (fractions of a millisecond). Even copying it is extremely fast. The problem is that I need to share the data in this hash between Ruby on Rails processes. In order to do this using the Rails cache (file_store or memcached) I need to Marshal.dump the file first, however this incurs a 1000 millisecond delay when serializing the file and a 400 millisecond delay when serializing it. Ideally I would want to be able to save and load this hash from each process in under 100 milliseconds. One idea is to spawn a new Ruby process to hold this hash that provides an API to the other processes to modify or process the data within it, but I want to avoid doing this unless I'm certain that there are no other ways to share this object quickly. Is there a way I can more directly share this hash between processes without needing to serialize or deserialize it? Here is the code I'm using to generate a hash similar to the one I'm working with: @a = [] 0.upto(500) do |r| @a[r] = [] 0.upto(10_000) do |c| if rand(10) == 0 @a[r][c] = 1 # 10% chance of being 1 else @a[r][c] = 0 end end end @c = Marshal.dump(@a) # 1000 milliseconds Marshal.load(@c) # 400 milliseconds Update: Since my original question did not receive many responses, I'm assuming there's no solution as easy as I would have hoped. Presently I'm considering two options: Create a Sinatra application to store this hash with an API to modify/access it. Create a C application to do the same as #1, but a lot faster. The scope of my problem has increased such that the hash may be larger than my original example. So #2 may be necessary. But I have no idea where to start in terms of writing a C application that exposes an appropriate API. A good walkthrough through how best to implement #1 or #2 may receive best answer credit.

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