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• Simple thruster like behaviour when rotating sprite

  - by ensamgud

  I'm prototyping some 2D game concepts with XNA and have added some basic keyboard inputs to control a triangle sprite. When I press key up the sprite accelerates in it's current facing direction, when I release the key it brakes down. For rotation, when I press left/right keys I rotate the sprite. Currently the sprite immedately changes direction when I rotate it. What I want is for it to keep moving in the same direction when I rotate, until I hit key up, adding thrust in whatever direction the sprite is pointing at. This would simulate thrusters on a classic space shooter like Asteroids. I'm adding an image to describe the behaviour I'm after and some code samples of how I'm doing things at the moment. This is my player struct, holding information of the sprite. public struct PlayerData { public Vector2 Position; // where to draw the sprite public Vector2 Direction; // travel direction of sprite public float Angle; // rotation of sprite public float Velocity; public float Acceleration; public float Decelleration; public float RotationAcceleration; public float RotationDecceleration; public float TopSpeed; public float Scale; } This is how I'm currently handling thrusting / braking (when pressing/releasing key up) (simplified, removed some bounds checking etc): player.Velocity += player.Acceleration * 0.1f; player.Velocity -= player.Acceleration * 0.1f; And when I rotate the sprite left and right: player.Angle -= player.RotationAcceleration * 0.1f; player.Angle += player.RotationAcceleration * 0.1f; This runs in the update loop, keeps the direction updated and updates the position: Vector2 up = new Vector2(0f, -1f); Matrix rotMatrix = Matrix.CreateRotationZ(player.Angle); player.Direction = Vector2.Transform(up, rotMatrix); player.Direction *= player.Velocity; player.Position += player.Direction; I am following along various beginner tutorials and haven't found any describing this, but I have tried some on my own without success. Do I need to change my velocity and acceleration fields to Vectors instead of floats to accomplish this type of movement? I realise my Angle and the Direction vector is currently tied together and I need to disconnect these somehow to be able to rotate freely without changing the direction of the movement, but I can't quite figure out how to do this while keeping the acceleration/decceleration functional. Would appreciate an explanation rather than pure code samples. Thanks,

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• Concept of bit fields

  - by user1369975

  Whenever I read a code like this: struct node { int x : 2; int p : 4; }n; with bit fields involved, I get really confused, as to how they are represented in memory, what is sizeof(n) etc., how does it differ with normal members of structures? I tried referring K&R and http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bit_field but they little to remove my confusion. What concepts of bit fields am I failing to grasp?

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• Did Bjarne Stroustrup create the terms constructor/destructor when talking about objects?

  - by user104971

  I was watching this keynote and Bjarne Stroustrup (Creator of C++) claims that he hadn't yet invented the words constructor and destructor yet when he was giving an example of RAII. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IYBLXBJr0HU I know the concept of construction and destruction has been around a lot longer (even in C, a function that allocates and returns a struct and then a function that frees it etc.), but was Bjarne really the first to invent the terms?

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• How can I enable pid and ppid fields in psacct dump-acct?

  - by annavt

  I am currently using the psacct package on Centos to perform accounting on processes run by users. The info file1 suggests that it is possible to output pid and ppid depending on what information your operating system provides in it's struct acct. pid and ppid are listed in /usr/include/linux/acct.h on my system: struct acct_v3 { char ac_flag; /* Flags */ char ac_version; /* Always set to ACCT_VERSION */ __u16 ac_tty; /* Control Terminal */ __u32 ac_exitcode; /* Exitcode */ __u32 ac_uid; /* Real User ID */ __u32 ac_gid; /* Real Group ID */ __u32 ac_pid; /* Process ID */ __u32 ac_ppid; /* Parent Process ID */ ... But pid and ppid are not output when I run dump-acct: # dump-acct /var/account/pacct.1 | tail awk | 0.0| 0.0| 81.0| 0| 0|8792.0|Thu Nov 24 04:03:04 2011 tmpwatch | 0.0| 0.0| 1.0| 0| 0|3816.0|Thu Nov 24 04:03:04 2011 cups | 0.0| 0.0| 4.0| 0| 0|8728.0|Thu Nov 24 04:03:04 2011 awk | 0.0| 0.0| 4.0| 0| 0|8792.0|Thu Nov 24 04:03:04 2011 runlevel | 0.0| 0.0| 0.0| 0| 0|3804.0|Thu Nov 24 04:03:04 2011 chkconfig | 0.0| 0.0| 0.0| 0| 0|3840.0|Thu Nov 24 04:03:04 2011 inn-cron-expire | 0.0| 0.0| 0.0| 0| 0|8728.0|Thu Nov 24 04:03:04 2011 awk | 0.0| 0.0| 0.0| 0| 0|8792.0|Thu Nov 24 04:03:04 2011 gzip | 5.0| 0.0| 9.0| 0| 0|4044.0|Thu Nov 24 04:03:04 2011 accton | 0.0| 0.0| 1.0| 0| 0| 0.0|Thu Nov 24 04:03:04 2011 Is it likely that there is no support in my kernel for this feature or that my psacct version does not support this? How can I add pid and ppid to my accounting logs? CentOS release 5.6 Kernel 2.6.18-238.19.1.el5 psacct 6.3.2 Thanks in advance Anna

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• Issues with HLSL and lighting

  - by numerical25

  I am trying figure out whats going on with my HLSL code but I have no way of debugging it cause C++ gives off no errors. The application just closes when I run it. I am trying to add lighting to a 3d plane I made. below is my HLSL. The problem consist when my Pixel shader method returns the struct "outColor" . If I change the return value back to the struct "psInput" , everything goes back to working again. My light vectors and colors are at the top of the fx file // PS_INPUT - input variables to the pixel shader // This struct is created and fill in by the // vertex shader cbuffer Variables { matrix Projection; matrix World; float TimeStep; }; struct PS_INPUT { float4 Pos : SV_POSITION; float4 Color : COLOR0; float3 Normal : TEXCOORD0; float3 ViewVector : TEXCOORD1; }; float specpower = 80.0f; float3 camPos = float3(0.0f, 9.0, -256.0f); float3 DirectLightColor = float3(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); float3 DirectLightVector = float3(0.0f, 0.602f, 0.70f); float3 AmbientLightColor = float3(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); /*************************************** * Lighting functions ***************************************/ /********************************* * CalculateAmbient - * inputs - * vKa material's reflective color * lightColor - the ambient color of the lightsource * output - ambient color *********************************/ float3 CalculateAmbient(float3 vKa, float3 lightColor) { float3 vAmbient = vKa * lightColor; return vAmbient; } /********************************* * CalculateDiffuse - * inputs - * material color * The color of the direct light * the local normal * the vector of the direct light * output - difuse color *********************************/ float3 CalculateDiffuse(float3 baseColor, float3 lightColor, float3 normal, float3 lightVector) { float3 vDiffuse = baseColor * lightColor * saturate(dot(normal, lightVector)); return vDiffuse; } /********************************* * CalculateSpecular - * inputs - * viewVector * the direct light vector * the normal * output - specular highlight *********************************/ float CalculateSpecular(float3 viewVector, float3 lightVector, float3 normal) { float3 vReflect = reflect(lightVector, normal); float fSpecular = saturate(dot(vReflect, viewVector)); fSpecular = pow(fSpecular, specpower); return fSpecular; } /********************************* * LightingCombine - * inputs - * ambient component * diffuse component * specualr component * output - phong color color *********************************/ float3 LightingCombine(float3 vAmbient, float3 vDiffuse, float fSpecular) { float3 vCombined = vAmbient + vDiffuse + fSpecular.xxx; return vCombined; } //////////////////////////////////////////////// // Vertex Shader - Main Function /////////////////////////////////////////////// PS_INPUT VS(float4 Pos : POSITION, float4 Color : COLOR, float3 Normal : NORMAL) { PS_INPUT psInput; float4 newPosition; newPosition = Pos; newPosition.y = sin((newPosition.x * TimeStep) + (newPosition.z / 3.0f)) * 5.0f; // Pass through both the position and the color psInput.Pos = mul(newPosition , Projection ); psInput.Color = Color; psInput.ViewVector = normalize(camPos - psInput.Pos); return psInput; } /////////////////////////////////////////////// // Pixel Shader /////////////////////////////////////////////// //Anthony!!!!!!!!!!! Find out how color works when multiplying them float4 PS(PS_INPUT psInput) : SV_Target { float3 normal = -normalize(psInput.Normal); float3 vAmbient = CalculateAmbient(psInput.Color, AmbientLightColor); float3 vDiffuse = CalculateDiffuse(psInput.Color, DirectLightColor, normal, DirectLightVector); float fSpecular = CalculateSpecular(psInput.ViewVector, DirectLightVector, normal); float4 outColor; outColor.rgb = LightingCombine(vAmbient, vDiffuse, fSpecular); outColor.a = 1.0f; //Below is where the error begins return outColor; } // Define the technique technique10 Render { pass P0 { SetVertexShader( CompileShader( vs_4_0, VS() ) ); SetGeometryShader( NULL ); SetPixelShader( CompileShader( ps_4_0, PS() ) ); } } Below is some of my c++ code. Reason I am showing this is because it is pretty much what creates the surface normals for my shaders to evaluate. for the lighting for(int z=0; z < NUM_ROWS; ++z) { for(int x = 0; x < NUM_COLS; ++x) { int curVertex = x + (z * NUM_VERTSX); indices[curIndex] = curVertex; indices[curIndex + 1] = curVertex + NUM_VERTSX; indices[curIndex + 2] = curVertex + 1; D3DXVECTOR3 v0 = vertices[indices[curIndex]].pos; D3DXVECTOR3 v1 = vertices[indices[curIndex + 1]].pos; D3DXVECTOR3 v2 = vertices[indices[curIndex + 2]].pos; D3DXVECTOR3 normal; D3DXVECTOR3 cross; D3DXVec3Cross(&cross, &D3DXVECTOR3(v2 - v0),&D3DXVECTOR3(v1 - v0)); D3DXVec3Normalize(&normal, &cross); vertices[indices[curIndex]].normal = normal; vertices[indices[curIndex + 1]].normal = normal; vertices[indices[curIndex + 2]].normal = normal; indices[curIndex + 3] = curVertex + 1; indices[curIndex + 4] = curVertex + NUM_VERTSX; indices[curIndex + 5] = curVertex + NUM_VERTSX + 1; v0 = vertices[indices[curIndex + 3]].pos; v1 = vertices[indices[curIndex + 4]].pos; v2 = vertices[indices[curIndex + 5]].pos; D3DXVec3Cross(&cross, &D3DXVECTOR3(v2 - v0),&D3DXVECTOR3(v1 - v0)); D3DXVec3Normalize(&normal, &cross); vertices[indices[curIndex + 3]].normal = normal; vertices[indices[curIndex + 4]].normal = normal; vertices[indices[curIndex + 5]].normal = normal; curIndex += 6; } } and below is my c++ code, in it's entirety. showing the drawing and also calling on the passes #include "MyGame.h" //#include "CubeVector.h" /* This code sets a projection and shows a turning cube. What has been added is the project, rotation and a rasterizer to change the rasterization of the cube. The issue that was going on was something with the effect file which was causing the vertices not to be rendered correctly.*/ typedef struct { ID3D10Effect* pEffect; ID3D10EffectTechnique* pTechnique; //vertex information ID3D10Buffer* pVertexBuffer; ID3D10Buffer* pIndicesBuffer; ID3D10InputLayout* pVertexLayout; UINT numVertices; UINT numIndices; }ModelObject; ModelObject modelObject; // World Matrix D3DXMATRIX WorldMatrix; // View Matrix D3DXMATRIX ViewMatrix; // Projection Matrix D3DXMATRIX ProjectionMatrix; ID3D10EffectMatrixVariable* pProjectionMatrixVariable = NULL; //grid information #define NUM_COLS 16 #define NUM_ROWS 16 #define CELL_WIDTH 32 #define CELL_HEIGHT 32 #define NUM_VERTSX (NUM_COLS + 1) #define NUM_VERTSY (NUM_ROWS + 1) // timer variables LARGE_INTEGER timeStart; LARGE_INTEGER timeEnd; LARGE_INTEGER timerFreq; double currentTime; float anim_rate; // Variable to hold how long since last frame change float lastElaspedFrame = 0; // How long should the frames last float frameDuration = 0.5; bool MyGame::InitDirect3D() { if(!DX3dApp::InitDirect3D()) { return false; } // Get the timer frequency QueryPerformanceFrequency(&timerFreq); float freqSeconds = 1.0f / timerFreq.QuadPart; lastElaspedFrame = 0; D3D10_RASTERIZER_DESC rastDesc; rastDesc.FillMode = D3D10_FILL_WIREFRAME; rastDesc.CullMode = D3D10_CULL_FRONT; rastDesc.FrontCounterClockwise = true; rastDesc.DepthBias = false; rastDesc.DepthBiasClamp = 0; rastDesc.SlopeScaledDepthBias = 0; rastDesc.DepthClipEnable = false; rastDesc.ScissorEnable = false; rastDesc.MultisampleEnable = false; rastDesc.AntialiasedLineEnable = false; ID3D10RasterizerState *g_pRasterizerState; mpD3DDevice->CreateRasterizerState(&rastDesc, &g_pRasterizerState); mpD3DDevice->RSSetState(g_pRasterizerState); // Set up the World Matrix D3DXMatrixIdentity(&WorldMatrix); D3DXMatrixLookAtLH(&ViewMatrix, new D3DXVECTOR3(200.0f, 60.0f, -20.0f), new D3DXVECTOR3(200.0f, 50.0f, 0.0f), new D3DXVECTOR3(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f)); // Set up the projection matrix D3DXMatrixPerspectiveFovLH(&ProjectionMatrix, (float)D3DX_PI * 0.5f, (float)mWidth/(float)mHeight, 0.1f, 100.0f); pTimeVariable = NULL; if(!CreateObject()) { return false; } return true; } //These are actions that take place after the clearing of the buffer and before the present void MyGame::GameDraw() { static float rotationAngle = 0.0f; // create the rotation matrix using the rotation angle D3DXMatrixRotationY(&WorldMatrix, rotationAngle); rotationAngle += (float)D3DX_PI * 0.0f; // Set the input layout mpD3DDevice->IASetInputLayout(modelObject.pVertexLayout); // Set vertex buffer UINT stride = sizeof(VertexPos); UINT offset = 0; mpD3DDevice->IASetVertexBuffers(0, 1, &modelObject.pVertexBuffer, &stride, &offset); mpD3DDevice->IASetIndexBuffer(modelObject.pIndicesBuffer, DXGI_FORMAT_R32_UINT, 0); pTimeVariable->SetFloat((float)currentTime); // Set primitive topology mpD3DDevice->IASetPrimitiveTopology(D3D10_PRIMITIVE_TOPOLOGY_TRIANGLELIST); // Combine and send the final matrix to the shader D3DXMATRIX finalMatrix = (WorldMatrix * ViewMatrix * ProjectionMatrix); pProjectionMatrixVariable->SetMatrix((float*)&finalMatrix); // make sure modelObject is valid // Render a model object D3D10_TECHNIQUE_DESC techniqueDescription; modelObject.pTechnique->GetDesc(&techniqueDescription); // Loop through the technique passes for(UINT p=0; p < techniqueDescription.Passes; ++p) { modelObject.pTechnique->GetPassByIndex(p)->Apply(0); // draw the cube using all 36 vertices and 12 triangles mpD3DDevice->DrawIndexed(modelObject.numIndices,0,0); } } //Render actually incapsulates Gamedraw, so you can call data before you actually clear the buffer or after you //present data void MyGame::Render() { // Get the start timer count QueryPerformanceCounter(&timeStart); currentTime += anim_rate; DX3dApp::Render(); QueryPerformanceCounter(&timeEnd); anim_rate = ( (float)timeEnd.QuadPart - (float)timeStart.QuadPart ) / timerFreq.QuadPart; } bool MyGame::CreateObject() { VertexPos vertices[NUM_VERTSX * NUM_VERTSY]; for(int z=0; z < NUM_VERTSY; ++z) { for(int x = 0; x < NUM_VERTSX; ++x) { vertices[x + z * NUM_VERTSX].pos.x = (float)x * CELL_WIDTH; vertices[x + z * NUM_VERTSX].pos.z = (float)z * CELL_HEIGHT; vertices[x + z * NUM_VERTSX].pos.y = (float)(rand() % CELL_HEIGHT); vertices[x + z * NUM_VERTSX].color = D3DXVECTOR4(1.0, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); } } DWORD indices[NUM_VERTSX * NUM_VERTSY * 6]; int curIndex = 0; for(int z=0; z < NUM_ROWS; ++z) { for(int x = 0; x < NUM_COLS; ++x) { int curVertex = x + (z * NUM_VERTSX); indices[curIndex] = curVertex; indices[curIndex + 1] = curVertex + NUM_VERTSX; indices[curIndex + 2] = curVertex + 1; D3DXVECTOR3 v0 = vertices[indices[curIndex]].pos; D3DXVECTOR3 v1 = vertices[indices[curIndex + 1]].pos; D3DXVECTOR3 v2 = vertices[indices[curIndex + 2]].pos; D3DXVECTOR3 normal; D3DXVECTOR3 cross; D3DXVec3Cross(&cross, &D3DXVECTOR3(v2 - v0),&D3DXVECTOR3(v1 - v0)); D3DXVec3Normalize(&normal, &cross); vertices[indices[curIndex]].normal = normal; vertices[indices[curIndex + 1]].normal = normal; vertices[indices[curIndex + 2]].normal = normal; indices[curIndex + 3] = curVertex + 1; indices[curIndex + 4] = curVertex + NUM_VERTSX; indices[curIndex + 5] = curVertex + NUM_VERTSX + 1; v0 = vertices[indices[curIndex + 3]].pos; v1 = vertices[indices[curIndex + 4]].pos; v2 = vertices[indices[curIndex + 5]].pos; D3DXVec3Cross(&cross, &D3DXVECTOR3(v2 - v0),&D3DXVECTOR3(v1 - v0)); D3DXVec3Normalize(&normal, &cross); vertices[indices[curIndex + 3]].normal = normal; vertices[indices[curIndex + 4]].normal = normal; vertices[indices[curIndex + 5]].normal = normal; curIndex += 6; } } //Create Layout D3D10_INPUT_ELEMENT_DESC layout[] = { {"POSITION",0,DXGI_FORMAT_R32G32B32_FLOAT, 0 , 0, D3D10_INPUT_PER_VERTEX_DATA, 0}, {"COLOR",0,DXGI_FORMAT_R32G32B32A32_FLOAT, 0 , 12, D3D10_INPUT_PER_VERTEX_DATA, 0}, {"NORMAL",0,DXGI_FORMAT_R32G32B32A32_FLOAT, 0 , 28, D3D10_INPUT_PER_VERTEX_DATA, 0} }; UINT numElements = (sizeof(layout)/sizeof(layout[0])); modelObject.numVertices = sizeof(vertices)/sizeof(VertexPos); //Create buffer desc D3D10_BUFFER_DESC bufferDesc; bufferDesc.Usage = D3D10_USAGE_DEFAULT; bufferDesc.ByteWidth = sizeof(VertexPos) * modelObject.numVertices; bufferDesc.BindFlags = D3D10_BIND_VERTEX_BUFFER; bufferDesc.CPUAccessFlags = 0; bufferDesc.MiscFlags = 0; D3D10_SUBRESOURCE_DATA initData; initData.pSysMem = vertices; //Create the buffer HRESULT hr = mpD3DDevice->CreateBuffer(&bufferDesc, &initData, &modelObject.pVertexBuffer); if(FAILED(hr)) return false; modelObject.numIndices = sizeof(indices)/sizeof(DWORD); bufferDesc.ByteWidth = sizeof(DWORD) * modelObject.numIndices; bufferDesc.BindFlags = D3D10_BIND_INDEX_BUFFER; initData.pSysMem = indices; hr = mpD3DDevice->CreateBuffer(&bufferDesc, &initData, &modelObject.pIndicesBuffer); if(FAILED(hr)) return false; ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //Set up fx files LPCWSTR effectFilename = L"effect.fx"; modelObject.pEffect = NULL; hr = D3DX10CreateEffectFromFile(effectFilename, NULL, NULL, "fx_4_0", D3D10_SHADER_ENABLE_STRICTNESS, 0, mpD3DDevice, NULL, NULL, &modelObject.pEffect, NULL, NULL); if(FAILED(hr)) return false; pProjectionMatrixVariable = modelObject.pEffect->GetVariableByName("Projection")->AsMatrix(); pTimeVariable = modelObject.pEffect->GetVariableByName("TimeStep")->AsScalar(); //Dont sweat the technique. Get it! LPCSTR effectTechniqueName = "Render"; modelObject.pTechnique = modelObject.pEffect->GetTechniqueByName(effectTechniqueName); if(modelObject.pTechnique == NULL) return false; //Create Vertex layout D3D10_PASS_DESC passDesc; modelObject.pTechnique->GetPassByIndex(0)->GetDesc(&passDesc); hr = mpD3DDevice->CreateInputLayout(layout, numElements, passDesc.pIAInputSignature, passDesc.IAInputSignatureSize, &modelObject.pVertexLayout); if(FAILED(hr)) return false; return true; }

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• Streamed mp3 only plays for 1 second

  - by angel6

  Hi, I'm using the plaympeg.c (modified) code of smpeg as a media player. I've got ffserver running as a streaming server. I'm a streaming an mp3 file over http. But when I run plaympeg.c, it plays the streamed file only for a second. When I run plaympeg again, it starts off from where it left and plays for 1 second. Does anyone know why this happens an how to fix it? I've tested it out on WMP and it plays the entire file in one go. So, i guess it's not a problem with the streaming or ffserver.conf include include include include /* #ifdef unix */ include include include include include include include define NET_SUPPORT /* General network support */ define HTTP_SUPPORT /* HTTP support */ ifdef NET_SUPPORT include include include include endif include "smpeg.h" ifdef NET_SUPPORT int tcp_open(char * address, int port) { struct sockaddr_in stAddr; struct hostent * host; int sock; struct linger l; memset(&stAddr,0,sizeof(stAddr)); stAddr.sin_family = AF_INET ; stAddr.sin_port = htons(port); if((host = gethostbyname(address)) == NULL) return(0); stAddr.sin_addr = *((struct in_addr *) host-h_addr_list[0]) ; if((sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP)) < 0) return(0); l.l_onoff = 1; l.l_linger = 5; if(setsockopt(sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_LINGER, (char*) &l, sizeof(l)) < 0) return(0); if(connect(sock, (struct sockaddr *) &stAddr, sizeof(stAddr)) < 0) return(0); return(sock); } ifdef HTTP_SUPPORT int http_open(char * arg) { char * host; int port; char * request; int tcp_sock; char http_request[1024]; char c; printf("\nin http_open passed parameter = %s\n",arg); /* Check for URL syntax */ if(strncmp(arg, "http://", strlen("http://"))) return(0); /* Parse URL */ port = 80; host = arg + strlen("http://"); if((request = strchr(host, '/')) == NULL) return(0); request++ = 0; if(strchr(host, ':') != NULL) / port is specified */ { port = atoi(strchr(host, ':') + 1); *strchr(host, ':') = 0; } /* Open a TCP socket */ if(!(tcp_sock = tcp_open(host, port))) { perror("http_open"); return(0); } /* Send HTTP GET request */ sprintf(http_request, "GET /%s HTTP/1.0\r\n" "User-Agent: Mozilla/2.0 (Win95; I)\r\n" "Pragma: no-cache\r\n" "Host: %s\r\n" "Accept: /\r\n" "\r\n", request, host); send(tcp_sock, http_request, strlen(http_request), 0); /* Parse server reply */ do read(tcp_sock, &c, sizeof(char)); while(c != ' '); read(tcp_sock, http_request, 4*sizeof(char)); http_request[4] = 0; if(strcmp(http_request, "200 ")) { fprintf(stderr, "http_open: "); do { read(tcp_sock, &c, sizeof(char)); fprintf(stderr, "%c", c); } while(c != '\r'); fprintf(stderr, "\n"); return(0); } return(tcp_sock); } endif endif void update(SDL_Surface *screen, Sint32 x, Sint32 y, Uint32 w, Uint32 h) { if ( screen-flags & SDL_DOUBLEBUF ) { SDL_Flip(screen); } } /* Flag telling the UI that the movie or song should be skipped */ int done; void next_movie(int sig) { done = 1; } int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { int use_audio, use_video; int fullscreen; int scalesize; int scale_width, scale_height; int loop_play; int i, pause; int volume; Uint32 seek; float skip; int bilinear_filtering; SDL_Surface *screen; SMPEG *mpeg; SMPEG_Info info; char *basefile; SDL_version sdlver; SMPEG_version smpegver; int fd; char buf[32]; int status; printf("\nchecking command line options "); /* Get the command line options */ use_audio = 1; use_video = 1; fullscreen = 0; scalesize = 1; scale_width = 0; scale_height = 0; loop_play = 0; volume = 100; seek = 0; skip = 0; bilinear_filtering = 0; fd = 0; for ( i=1; argv[i] && (argv[i][0] == '-') && (argv[i][1] != 0); ++i ) { if ( strcmp(argv[i], "--fullscreen") == 0 ) { fullscreen = 1; } else if ((strcmp(argv[i], "--seek") == 0)||(strcmp(argv[i], "-S") == 0)) { ++i; if ( argv[i] ) { seek = atol(argv[i]); } } else if ((strcmp(argv[i], "--volume") == 0)||(strcmp(argv[i], "-v") == 0)) { ++i; if (i >= argc) { fprintf(stderr, "Please specify volume when using --volume or -v\n"); return(1); } if ( argv[i] ) { volume = atoi(argv[i]); } if ( ( volume < 0 ) || ( volume 100 ) ) { fprintf(stderr, "Volume must be between 0 and 100\n"); volume = 100; } } else { fprintf(stderr, "Warning: Unknown option: %s\n", argv[i]); } } printf("\nuse video = %d, use audio = %d\n",use_video, use_audio); printf("\ngoing to check input parameters\n"); if defined(linux) || defined(FreeBSD) /* Plaympeg doesn't need a mouse */ putenv("SDL_NOMOUSE=1"); endif /* Play the mpeg files! */ status = 0; for ( ; argv[i]; ++i ) { /* Initialize SDL */ if ( use_video ) { if ((SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO) < 0) || !SDL_VideoDriverName(buf, 1)) { fprintf(stderr, "Warning: Couldn't init SDL video: %s\n", SDL_GetError()); fprintf(stderr, "Will ignore video stream\n"); use_video = 0; } printf("\ninitialised video\n"); } if ( use_audio ) { if ((SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_AUDIO) < 0) || !SDL_AudioDriverName(buf, 1)) { fprintf(stderr, "Warning: Couldn't init SDL audio: %s\n", SDL_GetError()); fprintf(stderr, "Will ignore audio stream\n"); use_audio = 0; } } /* Allow Ctrl-C when there's no video output */ signal(SIGINT, next_movie); printf("\nchecking defined supports\n"); /* Create the MPEG stream */ ifdef NET_SUPPORT printf("\ndefined NET_SUPPORT\n"); ifdef HTTP_SUPPORT printf("\ndefined HTTP_SUPPORT\n"); /* Check if source is an http URL */ printf("\nabout to call http_open\n"); printf("\nhere we go\n"); if((fd = http_open(argv[i])) != 0) mpeg = SMPEG_new_descr(fd, &info, use_audio); else endif endif { if(strcmp(argv[i], "-") == 0) /* Use stdin for input */ mpeg = SMPEG_new_descr(0, &info, use_audio); else mpeg = SMPEG_new(argv[i], &info, use_audio); } if ( SMPEG_error(mpeg) ) { fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s\n", argv[i], SMPEG_error(mpeg)); SMPEG_delete(mpeg); status = -1; continue; } SMPEG_enableaudio(mpeg, use_audio); SMPEG_enablevideo(mpeg, use_video); SMPEG_setvolume(mpeg, volume); /* Print information about the video */ basefile = strrchr(argv[i], '/'); if ( basefile ) { ++basefile; } else { basefile = argv[i]; } if ( info.has_audio && info.has_video ) { printf("%s: MPEG system stream (audio/video)\n", basefile); } else if ( info.has_audio ) { printf("%s: MPEG audio stream\n", basefile); } else if ( info.has_video ) { printf("%s: MPEG video stream\n", basefile); } if ( info.has_video ) { printf("\tVideo %dx%d resolution\n", info.width, info.height); } if ( info.has_audio ) { printf("\tAudio %s\n", info.audio_string); } if ( info.total_size ) { printf("\tSize: %d\n", info.total_size); } if ( info.total_time ) { printf("\tTotal time: %f\n", info.total_time); } /* Set up video display if needed */ if ( info.has_video && use_video ) { const SDL_VideoInfo *video_info; Uint32 video_flags; int video_bpp; int width, height; /* Get the "native" video mode */ video_info = SDL_GetVideoInfo(); switch (video_info->vfmt->BitsPerPixel) { case 16: case 24: case 32: video_bpp = video_info->vfmt->BitsPerPixel; break; default: video_bpp = 16; break; } if ( scale_width ) { width = scale_width; } else { width = info.width; } width *= scalesize; if ( scale_height ) { height = scale_height; } else { height = info.height; } height *= scalesize; video_flags = SDL_SWSURFACE; if ( fullscreen ) { video_flags = SDL_FULLSCREEN|SDL_DOUBLEBUF|SDL_HWSURFACE; } video_flags |= SDL_ASYNCBLIT; video_flags |= SDL_RESIZABLE; screen = SDL_SetVideoMode(width, height, video_bpp, video_flags); if ( screen == NULL ) { fprintf(stderr, "Unable to set %dx%d video mode: %s\n", width, height, SDL_GetError()); continue; } SDL_WM_SetCaption(argv[i], "plaympeg"); if ( screen->flags & SDL_FULLSCREEN ) { SDL_ShowCursor(0); } SMPEG_setdisplay(mpeg, screen, NULL, update); SMPEG_scaleXY(mpeg, screen->w, screen->h); } else { SDL_QuitSubSystem(SDL_INIT_VIDEO); } /* Set any special playback parameters */ if ( loop_play ) { SMPEG_loop(mpeg, 1); } /* Seek starting position */ if(seek) SMPEG_seek(mpeg, seek); /* Skip seconds to starting position */ if(skip) SMPEG_skip(mpeg, skip); /* Play it, and wait for playback to complete */ SMPEG_play(mpeg); done = 0; pause = 0; while ( ! done && ( pause || (SMPEG_status(mpeg) == SMPEG_PLAYING) ) ) { SDL_Event event; while ( use_video && SDL_PollEvent(&event) ) { switch (event.type) { case SDL_VIDEORESIZE: { SDL_Surface *old_screen = screen; SMPEG_pause(mpeg); screen = SDL_SetVideoMode(event.resize.w, event.resize.h, screen->format->BitsPerPixel, screen->flags); if ( old_screen != screen ) { SMPEG_setdisplay(mpeg, screen, NULL, update); } SMPEG_scaleXY(mpeg, screen-w, screen-h); SMPEG_pause(mpeg); } break; case SDL_KEYDOWN: if ( (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_ESCAPE) || (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_q) ) { // Quit done = 1; } else if ( event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_RETURN ) { // toggle fullscreen if ( event.key.keysym.mod & KMOD_ALT ) { SDL_WM_ToggleFullScreen(screen); fullscreen = (screen-flags & SDL_FULLSCREEN); SDL_ShowCursor(!fullscreen); } } else if ( event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_UP ) { // Volume up if ( volume < 100 ) { if ( event.key.keysym.mod & KMOD_SHIFT ) { // 10+ volume += 10; } else if ( event.key.keysym.mod & KMOD_CTRL ) { // 100+ volume = 100; } else { // 1+ volume++; } if ( volume 100 ) volume = 100; SMPEG_setvolume(mpeg, volume); } } else if ( event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_DOWN ) { // Volume down if ( volume 0 ) { if ( event.key.keysym.mod & KMOD_SHIFT ) { volume -= 10; } else if ( event.key.keysym.mod & KMOD_CTRL ) { volume = 0; } else { volume--; } if ( volume < 0 ) volume = 0; SMPEG_setvolume(mpeg, volume); } } else if ( event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_PAGEUP ) { // Full volume volume = 100; SMPEG_setvolume(mpeg, volume); } else if ( event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_PAGEDOWN ) { // Volume off volume = 0; SMPEG_setvolume(mpeg, volume); } else if ( event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_SPACE ) { // Toggle play / pause if ( SMPEG_status(mpeg) == SMPEG_PLAYING ) { SMPEG_pause(mpeg); pause = 1; } else { SMPEG_play(mpeg); pause = 0; } } else if ( event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_RIGHT ) { // Forward if ( event.key.keysym.mod & KMOD_SHIFT ) { SMPEG_skip(mpeg, 100); } else if ( event.key.keysym.mod & KMOD_CTRL ) { SMPEG_skip(mpeg, 50); } else { SMPEG_skip(mpeg, 5); } } else if ( event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_LEFT ) { // Reverse if ( event.key.keysym.mod & KMOD_SHIFT ) { } else if ( event.key.keysym.mod & KMOD_CTRL ) { } else { } } else if ( event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_KP_MINUS ) { // Scale minus if ( scalesize > 1 ) { scalesize--; } } else if ( event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_KP_PLUS ) { // Scale plus scalesize++; } else if ( event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_f ) { // Toggle filtering on/off if ( bilinear_filtering ) { SMPEG_Filter *filter = SMPEGfilter_null(); filter = SMPEG_filter( mpeg, filter ); filter-destroy(filter); bilinear_filtering = 0; } else { SMPEG_Filter *filter = SMPEGfilter_bilinear(); filter = SMPEG_filter( mpeg, filter ); filter-destroy(filter); bilinear_filtering = 1; } } break; case SDL_QUIT: done = 1; break; default: break; } } SDL_Delay(1000/2); } SMPEG_delete(mpeg); } SDL_Quit(); if defined(HTTP_SUPPORT) if(fd) close(fd); endif return(status); }

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• Ninject.ActivationException: Error activating IMainLicense

  - by Stefan Karlsson

  Im don't know fully how Ninject works thats wye i ask this question here to figure out whats wrong. If i create a empty constructor in ClaimsSecurityService it gets hit. This is my error: Error activating IMainLicense No matching bindings are available, and the type is not self-bindable. Activation path: 3) Injection of dependency IMainLicense into parameter mainLicenses of constructor of type ClaimsSecurityService 2) Injection of dependency ISecurityService into parameter securityService of constructor of type AccountController 1) Request for AccountController Stack: Ninject.KernelBase.Resolve(IRequest request) +474 Ninject.Planning.Targets.Target`1.GetValue(Type service, IContext parent) +153 Ninject.Planning.Targets.Target`1.ResolveWithin(IContext parent) +747 Ninject.Activation.Providers.StandardProvider.GetValue(IContext context, ITarget target) +269 Ninject.Activation.Providers.<>c__DisplayClass4.<Create>b__2(ITarget target) +69 System.Linq.WhereSelectArrayIterator`2.MoveNext() +66 System.Linq.Buffer`1..ctor(IEnumerable`1 source) +216 System.Linq.Enumerable.ToArray(IEnumerable`1 source) +77 Ninject.Activation.Providers.StandardProvider.Create(IContext context) +847 Ninject.Activation.Context.ResolveInternal(Object scope) +218 Ninject.Activation.Context.Resolve() +277 Ninject.<>c__DisplayClass15.<Resolve>b__f(IBinding binding) +86 System.Linq.WhereSelectEnumerableIterator`2.MoveNext() +145 System.Linq.Enumerable.SingleOrDefault(IEnumerable`1 source) +4059897 Ninject.Planning.Targets.Target`1.GetValue(Type service, IContext parent) +169 Ninject.Planning.Targets.Target`1.ResolveWithin(IContext parent) +747 Ninject.Activation.Providers.StandardProvider.GetValue(IContext context, ITarget target) +269 Ninject.Activation.Providers.<>c__DisplayClass4.<Create>b__2(ITarget target) +69 System.Linq.WhereSelectArrayIterator`2.MoveNext() +66 System.Linq.Buffer`1..ctor(IEnumerable`1 source) +216 System.Linq.Enumerable.ToArray(IEnumerable`1 source) +77 Ninject.Activation.Providers.StandardProvider.Create(IContext context) +847 Ninject.Activation.Context.ResolveInternal(Object scope) +218 Ninject.Activation.Context.Resolve() +277 Ninject.<>c__DisplayClass15.<Resolve>b__f(IBinding binding) +86 System.Linq.WhereSelectEnumerableIterator`2.MoveNext() +145 System.Linq.Enumerable.SingleOrDefault(IEnumerable`1 source) +4059897 Ninject.Web.Mvc.NinjectDependencyResolver.GetService(Type serviceType) +145 System.Web.Mvc.DefaultControllerActivator.Create(RequestContext requestContext, Type controllerType) +87 [InvalidOperationException: An error occurred when trying to create a controller of type 'Successful.Struct.Web.Controllers.AccountController'. Make sure that the controller has a parameterless public constructor.] System.Web.Mvc.DefaultControllerActivator.Create(RequestContext requestContext, Type controllerType) +247 System.Web.Mvc.DefaultControllerFactory.GetControllerInstance(RequestContext requestContext, Type controllerType) +438 System.Web.Mvc.DefaultControllerFactory.CreateController(RequestContext requestContext, String controllerName) +257 System.Web.Mvc.MvcHandler.ProcessRequestInit(HttpContextBase httpContext, IController& controller, IControllerFactory& factory) +326 System.Web.Mvc.MvcHandler.BeginProcessRequest(HttpContextBase httpContext, AsyncCallback callback, Object state) +157 System.Web.Mvc.MvcHandler.BeginProcessRequest(HttpContext httpContext, AsyncCallback callback, Object state) +88 System.Web.Mvc.MvcHandler.System.Web.IHttpAsyncHandler.BeginProcessRequest(HttpContext context, AsyncCallback cb, Object extraData) +50 System.Web.CallHandlerExecutionStep.System.Web.HttpApplication.IExecutionStep.Execute() +301 System.Web.HttpApplication.ExecuteStep(IExecutionStep step, Boolean& completedSynchronously) +155 Account controller: public class AccountController : Controller { private readonly ISecurityService _securityService; public AccountController(ISecurityService securityService) { _securityService = securityService; } // // GET: /Account/Login [AllowAnonymous] public ActionResult Login(string returnUrl) { ViewBag.ReturnUrl = returnUrl; return View(); } } NinjectWebCommon: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Web; using System.Web.Http; using System.Web.Http.Dependencies; using Microsoft.Web.Infrastructure.DynamicModuleHelper; using Ninject; using Ninject.Extensions.Conventions; using Ninject.Parameters; using Ninject.Syntax; using Ninject.Web.Common; using Successful.Struct.Web; [assembly: WebActivator.PreApplicationStartMethod(typeof(NinjectWebCommon), "Start")] [assembly: WebActivator.ApplicationShutdownMethodAttribute(typeof(NinjectWebCommon), "Stop")] namespace Successful.Struct.Web { public static class NinjectWebCommon { private static readonly Bootstrapper Bootstrapper = new Bootstrapper(); /// <summary> /// Starts the application /// </summary> public static void Start() { DynamicModuleUtility.RegisterModule(typeof(OnePerRequestHttpModule)); DynamicModuleUtility.RegisterModule(typeof(NinjectHttpModule)); Bootstrapper.Initialize(CreateKernel); } /// <summary> /// Stops the application. /// </summary> public static void Stop() { Bootstrapper.ShutDown(); } /// <summary> /// Creates the kernel that will manage your application. /// </summary> /// <returns>The created kernel.</returns> private static IKernel CreateKernel() { var kernel = new StandardKernel(); kernel.Bind<Func<IKernel>>().ToMethod(ctx => () => new Bootstrapper().Kernel); kernel.Bind<IHttpModule>().To<HttpApplicationInitializationHttpModule>(); kernel.Load("Successful*.dll"); kernel.Bind(x => x.FromAssembliesMatching("Successful*.dll") .SelectAllClasses() .BindAllInterfaces() ); GlobalConfiguration.Configuration.DependencyResolver = new NinjectResolver(kernel); RegisterServices(kernel); return kernel; } /// <summary> /// Load your modules or register your services here! /// </summary> /// <param name="kernel">The kernel.</param> private static void RegisterServices(IKernel kernel) { } } public class NinjectResolver : NinjectScope, IDependencyResolver { private readonly IKernel _kernel; public NinjectResolver(IKernel kernel) : base(kernel) { _kernel = kernel; } public IDependencyScope BeginScope() { return new NinjectScope(_kernel.BeginBlock()); } } public class NinjectScope : IDependencyScope { protected IResolutionRoot ResolutionRoot; public NinjectScope(IResolutionRoot kernel) { ResolutionRoot = kernel; } public object GetService(Type serviceType) { var request = ResolutionRoot.CreateRequest(serviceType, null, new Parameter[0], true, true); return ResolutionRoot.Resolve(request).SingleOrDefault(); } public IEnumerable<object> GetServices(Type serviceType) { var request = ResolutionRoot.CreateRequest(serviceType, null, new Parameter[0], true, true); return ResolutionRoot.Resolve(request).ToList(); } public void Dispose() { var disposable = (IDisposable)ResolutionRoot; if (disposable != null) disposable.Dispose(); ResolutionRoot = null; } } } ClaimsSecurityService: public class ClaimsSecurityService : ISecurityService { private const string AscClaimsIdType = "http://schemas.microsoft.com/accesscontrolservice/2010/07/claims/identityprovider"; private const string SuccessfulStructWebNamespace = "Successful.Struct.Web"; private readonly IMainLicense _mainLicenses; private readonly ICompany _companys; private readonly IAuthTokenService _authService; [Inject] public IApplicationContext ApplicationContext { get; set; } [Inject] public ILogger<LocationService> Logger { get; set; } public ClaimsSecurityService(IMainLicense mainLicenses, ICompany companys, IAuthTokenService authService) { _mainLicenses = mainLicenses; _companys = companys; _authService = authService; } }

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• Suggestions for duplicate file finder algorithm (using C)

  - by Andrei Ciobanu

  Hello, I wanted to write a program that test if two files are duplicates (have exactly the same content). First I test if the files have the same sizes, and if they have i start to compare their contents. My first idea, was to "split" the files into fixed size blocks, then start a thread for every block, fseek to startup character of every block and continue the comparisons in parallel. When a comparison from a thread fails, the other working threads are canceled, and the program exits out of the thread spawning loop. The code looks like this: dupf.h #ifndef __NM__DUPF__H__ #define __NM__DUPF__H__ #define NUM_THREADS 15 #define BLOCK_SIZE 8192 /* Thread argument structure */ struct thread_arg_s { const char *name_f1; /* First file name */ const char *name_f2; /* Second file name */ int cursor; /* Where to seek in the file */ }; typedef struct thread_arg_s thread_arg; /** * 'arg' is of type thread_arg. * Checks if the specified file blocks are * duplicates. */ void *check_block_dup(void *arg); /** * Checks if two files are duplicates */ int check_dup(const char *name_f1, const char *name_f2); /** * Returns a valid pointer to a file. * If the file (given by the path/name 'fname') cannot be opened * in 'mode', the program is interrupted an error message is shown. **/ FILE *safe_fopen(const char *name, const char *mode); #endif dupf.c #include <errno.h> #include <pthread.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/stat.h> #include <unistd.h> #include "dupf.h" FILE *safe_fopen(const char *fname, const char *mode) { FILE *f = NULL; f = fopen(fname, mode); if (f == NULL) { char emsg[255]; sprintf(emsg, "FOPEN() %s\t", fname); perror(emsg); exit(-1); } return (f); } void *check_block_dup(void *arg) { const char *name_f1 = NULL, *name_f2 = NULL; /* File names */ FILE *f1 = NULL, *f2 = NULL; /* Streams */ int cursor = 0; /* Reading cursor */ char buff_f1[BLOCK_SIZE], buff_f2[BLOCK_SIZE]; /* Character buffers */ int rchars_1, rchars_2; /* Readed characters */ /* Initializing variables from 'arg' */ name_f1 = ((thread_arg*)arg)->name_f1; name_f2 = ((thread_arg*)arg)->name_f2; cursor = ((thread_arg*)arg)->cursor; /* Opening files */ f1 = safe_fopen(name_f1, "r"); f2 = safe_fopen(name_f2, "r"); /* Setup cursor in files */ fseek(f1, cursor, SEEK_SET); fseek(f2, cursor, SEEK_SET); /* Initialize buffers */ rchars_1 = fread(buff_f1, 1, BLOCK_SIZE, f1); rchars_2 = fread(buff_f2, 1, BLOCK_SIZE, f2); if (rchars_1 != rchars_2) { /* fread failed to read the same portion. * program cannot continue */ perror("ERROR WHEN READING BLOCK"); exit(-1); } while (rchars_1-->0) { if (buff_f1[rchars_1] != buff_f2[rchars_1]) { /* Different characters */ fclose(f1); fclose(f2); pthread_exit("notdup"); } } /* Close streams */ fclose(f1); fclose(f2); pthread_exit("dup"); } int check_dup(const char *name_f1, const char *name_f2) { int num_blocks = 0; /* Number of 'blocks' to check */ int num_tsp = 0; /* Number of threads spawns */ int tsp_iter = 0; /* Iterator for threads spawns */ pthread_t *tsp_threads = NULL; thread_arg *tsp_threads_args = NULL; int tsp_threads_iter = 0; int thread_c_res = 0; /* Thread creation result */ int thread_j_res = 0; /* Thread join res */ int loop_res = 0; /* Function result */ int cursor; struct stat buf_f1; struct stat buf_f2; if (name_f1 == NULL || name_f2 == NULL) { /* Invalid input parameters */ perror("INVALID FNAMES\t"); return (-1); } if (stat(name_f1, &buf_f1) != 0 || stat(name_f2, &buf_f2) != 0) { /* Stat fails */ char emsg[255]; sprintf(emsg, "STAT() ERROR: %s %s\t", name_f1, name_f2); perror(emsg); return (-1); } if (buf_f1.st_size != buf_f2.st_size) { /* File have different sizes */ return (1); } /* Files have the same size, function exec. is continued */ num_blocks = (buf_f1.st_size / BLOCK_SIZE) + 1; num_tsp = (num_blocks / NUM_THREADS) + 1; cursor = 0; for (tsp_iter = 0; tsp_iter < num_tsp; tsp_iter++) { loop_res = 0; /* Create threads array for this spawn */ tsp_threads = malloc(NUM_THREADS * sizeof(*tsp_threads)); if (tsp_threads == NULL) { perror("TSP_THREADS ALLOC FAILURE\t"); return (-1); } /* Create arguments for every thread in the current spawn */ tsp_threads_args = malloc(NUM_THREADS * sizeof(*tsp_threads_args)); if (tsp_threads_args == NULL) { perror("TSP THREADS ARGS ALLOCA FAILURE\t"); return (-1); } /* Initialize arguments and create threads */ for (tsp_threads_iter = 0; tsp_threads_iter < NUM_THREADS; tsp_threads_iter++) { if (cursor >= buf_f1.st_size) { break; } tsp_threads_args[tsp_threads_iter].name_f1 = name_f1; tsp_threads_args[tsp_threads_iter].name_f2 = name_f2; tsp_threads_args[tsp_threads_iter].cursor = cursor; thread_c_res = pthread_create( &tsp_threads[tsp_threads_iter], NULL, check_block_dup, (void*)&tsp_threads_args[tsp_threads_iter]); if (thread_c_res != 0) { perror("THREAD CREATION FAILURE"); return (-1); } cursor+=BLOCK_SIZE; } /* Join last threads and get their status */ while (tsp_threads_iter-->0) { void *thread_res = NULL; thread_j_res = pthread_join(tsp_threads[tsp_threads_iter], &thread_res); if (thread_j_res != 0) { perror("THREAD JOIN FAILURE"); return (-1); } if (strcmp((char*)thread_res, "notdup")==0) { loop_res++; /* Closing other threads and exiting by condition * from loop. */ while (tsp_threads_iter-->0) { pthread_cancel(tsp_threads[tsp_threads_iter]); } } } free(tsp_threads); free(tsp_threads_args); if (loop_res > 0) { break; } } return (loop_res > 0) ? 1 : 0; } The function works fine (at least for what I've tested). Still, some guys from #C (freenode) suggested that the solution is overly complicated, and it may perform poorly because of parallel reading on hddisk. What I want to know: Is the threaded approach flawed by default ? Is fseek() so slow ? Is there a way to somehow map the files to memory and then compare them ?

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• Is this too much code for a header only library?

  - by Billy ONeal

  It seems like I had to inline quite a bit of code here. I'm wondering if it's bad design practice to leave this entirely in a header file like this: #pragma once #include <string> #include <boost/noncopyable.hpp> #include <boost/make_shared.hpp> #include <boost/iterator/iterator_facade.hpp> #include <Windows.h> #include "../Exception.hpp" namespace WindowsAPI { namespace FileSystem { class FileData; struct AllResults; struct FilesOnly; template <typename Filter_T = AllResults> class DirectoryIterator; namespace detail { class DirectoryIteratorImpl : public boost::noncopyable { WIN32_FIND_DATAW currentData; HANDLE hFind; std::wstring root; public: inline DirectoryIteratorImpl(); inline explicit DirectoryIteratorImpl(const std::wstring& pathSpec); inline void increment(); inline bool equal(const DirectoryIteratorImpl& other) const; inline const std::wstring& GetPathRoot() const; inline const WIN32_FIND_DATAW& GetCurrentFindData() const; inline ~DirectoryIteratorImpl(); }; } class FileData //Serves as a proxy to the WIN32_FIND_DATA struture inside the iterator. { boost::shared_ptr<detail::DirectoryIteratorImpl> iteratorSource; public: FileData(const boost::shared_ptr<detail::DirectoryIteratorImpl>& parent) : iteratorSource(parent) {}; DWORD GetAttributes() const { return iteratorSource->GetCurrentFindData().dwFileAttributes; }; bool IsDirectory() const { return (GetAttributes() | FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY) != 0; }; bool IsFile() const { return !IsDirectory(); }; bool IsArchive() const { return (GetAttributes() | FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ARCHIVE) != 0; }; bool IsReadOnly() const { return (GetAttributes() | FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY) != 0; }; unsigned __int64 GetSize() const { ULARGE_INTEGER intValue; intValue.LowPart = iteratorSource->GetCurrentFindData().nFileSizeLow; intValue.HighPart = iteratorSource->GetCurrentFindData().nFileSizeHigh; return intValue.QuadPart; }; std::wstring GetFolderPath() const { return iteratorSource->GetPathRoot(); }; std::wstring GetFileName() const { return iteratorSource->GetCurrentFindData().cFileName; }; std::wstring GetFullFileName() const { return GetFolderPath() + GetFileName(); }; std::wstring GetShortFileName() const { return iteratorSource->GetCurrentFindData().cAlternateFileName; }; FILETIME GetCreationTime() const { return iteratorSource->GetCurrentFindData().ftCreationTime; }; FILETIME GetLastAccessTime() const { return iteratorSource->GetCurrentFindData().ftLastAccessTime; }; FILETIME GetLastWriteTime() const { return iteratorSource->GetCurrentFindData().ftLastWriteTime; }; }; struct AllResults : public std::unary_function<const FileData&, bool> { bool operator()(const FileData&) { return true; }; }; struct FilesOnly : public std::unary_function<const FileData&, bool> { bool operator()(const FileData& arg) { return arg.IsFile(); }; }; template <typename Filter_T> class DirectoryIterator : public boost::iterator_facade<DirectoryIterator<Filter_T>, const FileData, std::input_iterator_tag> { friend class boost::iterator_core_access; boost::shared_ptr<detail::DirectoryIteratorImpl> impl; FileData current; Filter_T filter; void increment() { do { impl->increment(); } while (! filter(current)); }; bool equal(const DirectoryIterator& other) const { return impl->equal(*other.impl); }; const FileData& dereference() const { return current; }; public: DirectoryIterator(Filter_T functor = Filter_T()) : impl(boost::make_shared<detail::DirectoryIteratorImpl>()), current(impl), filter(functor) { }; explicit DirectoryIterator(const std::wstring& pathSpec, Filter_T functor = Filter_T()) : impl(boost::make_shared<detail::DirectoryIteratorImpl>(pathSpec)), current(impl), filter(functor) { }; }; namespace detail { DirectoryIteratorImpl::DirectoryIteratorImpl() : hFind(INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) { } DirectoryIteratorImpl::DirectoryIteratorImpl(const std::wstring& pathSpec) { std::wstring::const_iterator lastSlash = std::find(pathSpec.rbegin(), pathSpec.rend(), L'\\').base(); root.assign(pathSpec.begin(), lastSlash); hFind = FindFirstFileW(pathSpec.c_str(), &currentData); if (hFind == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) WindowsApiException::ThrowFromLastError(); while (!wcscmp(currentData.cFileName, L".") || !wcscmp(currentData.cFileName, L"..")) { increment(); } } void DirectoryIteratorImpl::increment() { BOOL success = FindNextFile(hFind, &currentData); if (success) return; DWORD error = GetLastError(); if (error == ERROR_NO_MORE_FILES) { FindClose(hFind); hFind = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE; } else { WindowsApiException::Throw(error); } } DirectoryIteratorImpl::~DirectoryIteratorImpl() { if (hFind != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) FindClose(hFind); } bool DirectoryIteratorImpl::equal(const DirectoryIteratorImpl& other) const { if (this == &other) return true; return hFind == other.hFind; } const std::wstring& DirectoryIteratorImpl::GetPathRoot() const { return root; } const WIN32_FIND_DATAW& DirectoryIteratorImpl::GetCurrentFindData() const { return currentData; } } }}

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• Using glDrawElements does not draw my .obj file

  - by Hallik

  I am trying to correctly import an .OBJ file from 3ds Max. I got this working using glBegin() & glEnd() from a previous question on here, but had really poor performance obviously, so I am trying to use glDrawElements now. I am importing a chessboard, its game pieces, etc. The board, each game piece, and each square on the board is stored in a struct GroupObject. The way I store the data is like this: struct Vertex { float position[3]; float texCoord[2]; float normal[3]; float tangent[4]; float bitangent[3]; }; struct Material { float ambient[4]; float diffuse[4]; float specular[4]; float shininess; // [0 = min shininess, 1 = max shininess] float alpha; // [0 = fully transparent, 1 = fully opaque] std::string name; std::string colorMapFilename; std::string bumpMapFilename; std::vector<int> indices; int id; }; //A chess piece or square struct GroupObject { std::vector<Material *> materials; std::string objectName; std::string groupName; int index; }; All vertices are triangles, so there are always 3 points. When I am looping through the faces f section in the obj file, I store the v0, v1, & v2 in the Material-indices. (I am doing v[0-2] - 1 to account for obj files being 1-based and my vectors being 0-based. So when I get to the render method, I am trying to loop through every object, which loops through every material attached to that object. I set the material information and try and use glDrawElements. However, the screen is black. I was able to draw the model just fine when I looped through each distinct material with all the indices associated with that material, and it drew the model fine. This time around, so I can use the stencil buffer for selecting GroupObjects, I changed up the loop, but the screen is black. Here is my render loop. The only thing I changed was the for loop(s) so they go through each object, and each material in the object in turn. void GLEngine::drawModel() { glEnable(GL_BLEND); glBlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA); // Vertex arrays setup glEnableClientState( GL_VERTEX_ARRAY ); glVertexPointer(3, GL_FLOAT, model.getVertexSize(), model.getVertexBuffer()->position); glEnableClientState( GL_NORMAL_ARRAY ); glNormalPointer(GL_FLOAT, model.getVertexSize(), model.getVertexBuffer()->normal); glClientActiveTexture( GL_TEXTURE0 ); glEnableClientState( GL_TEXTURE_COORD_ARRAY ); glTexCoordPointer(2, GL_FLOAT, model.getVertexSize(), model.getVertexBuffer()->texCoord); glUseProgram(blinnPhongShader); objects = model.getObjects(); // Loop through objects... for( int i=0 ; i < objects.size(); i++ ) { ModelOBJ::GroupObject *object = objects[i]; // Loop through materials used by object... for( int j=0 ; j<object->materials.size() ; j++ ) { ModelOBJ::Material *pMaterial = object->materials[j]; glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_AMBIENT, pMaterial->ambient); glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_DIFFUSE, pMaterial->diffuse); glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_SPECULAR, pMaterial->specular); glMaterialf(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_SHININESS, pMaterial->shininess * 128.0f); // Draw faces, letting OpenGL loop through them glDrawElements( GL_TRIANGLES, pMaterial->indices.size(), GL_UNSIGNED_INT, &pMaterial->indices ); } } if (model.hasNormals()) glDisableClientState(GL_NORMAL_ARRAY); if (model.hasTextureCoords()) { glClientActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0); glDisableClientState(GL_TEXTURE_COORD_ARRAY); } if (model.hasPositions()) glDisableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY); glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0); glUseProgram(0); glDisable(GL_BLEND); } I don't know what I am missing that's important. If it's also helpful, here is where I read a 'f' face line and store the info in the obj importer in the pMaterial-indices. else if (sscanf(buffer, "%d/%d/%d", &v[0], &vt[0], &vn[0]) == 3) // v/vt/vn { fscanf(pFile, "%d/%d/%d", &v[1], &vt[1], &vn[1]); fscanf(pFile, "%d/%d/%d", &v[2], &vt[2], &vn[2]); v[0] = (v[0] < 0) ? v[0] + numVertices - 1 : v[0] - 1; v[1] = (v[1] < 0) ? v[1] + numVertices - 1 : v[1] - 1; v[2] = (v[2] < 0) ? v[2] + numVertices - 1 : v[2] - 1; currentMaterial->indices.push_back(v[0]); currentMaterial->indices.push_back(v[1]); currentMaterial->indices.push_back(v[2]); Again, this worked drawing it all together only separated by materials, so I haven't changed code anywhere else except added the indices to the materials within objects, and the loop in the draw method. Before everything was showing up black, now with the setup as above, I am getting an unhandled exception write violation on the glDrawElements line. I did a breakpoint there, and there are over 600 elements in the pMaterial-indices array, so it's not empty, it has indices to use. When I set the glDrawElements like this, it gives me the black screen but no errors glDrawElements( GL_TRIANGLES, pMaterial->indices.size(), GL_UNSIGNED_INT, &pMaterial->indices[0] ); I have also tried adding this when I loop through the faces on import if ( currentMaterial->startIndex == -1 ) currentMaterial->startIndex = v[0]; currentMaterial->triangleCount++; And when drawing... //in draw method glDrawElements( GL_TRIANGLES, pMaterial->triangleCount * 3, GL_UNSIGNED_INT, model.getIndexBuffer() + pMaterial->startIndex );

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• Can't figure out where race condition is occuring

  - by Nik

  I'm using Valgrind --tool=drd to check my application that uses Boost::thread. Basically, the application populates a set of "Book" values with "Kehai" values based on inputs through a socket connection. On a seperate thread, a user can connect and get the books send to them. Its fairly simple, so i figured using a boost::mutex::scoped_lock on the location that serializes the book and the location that clears out the book data should be suffice to prevent any race conditions. Here is the code: void Book::clear() { boost::mutex::scoped_lock lock(dataMutex); for(int i =NUM_KEHAI-1; i >= 0; --i) { bid[i].clear(); ask[i].clear(); } } int Book::copyChangedKehaiToString(char* dst) const { boost::mutex::scoped_lock lock(dataMutex); sprintf(dst, "%-4s%-13s",market.c_str(),meigara.c_str()); int loc = 17; for(int i = 0; i < Book::NUM_KEHAI; ++i) { if(ask[i].changed > 0) { sprintf(dst+loc,"A%i%-21s%-21s%-21s%-8s%-4s",i,ask[i].price.c_str(),ask[i].volume.c_str(),ask[i].number.c_str(),ask[i].postTime.c_str(),ask[i].status.c_str()); loc += 77; } } for(int i = 0; i < Book::NUM_KEHAI; ++i) { if(bid[i].changed > 0) { sprintf(dst+loc,"B%i%-21s%-21s%-21s%-8s%-4s",i,bid[i].price.c_str(),bid[i].volume.c_str(),bid[i].number.c_str(),bid[i].postTime.c_str(),bid[i].status.c_str()); loc += 77; } } return loc; } The clear() function and the copyChangedKehaiToString() function are called in the datagetting thread and data sending thread,respectively. Also, as a note, the class Book: struct Book { private: Book(const Book&); Book& operator=(const Book&); public: static const int NUM_KEHAI=10; struct Kehai; friend struct Book::Kehai; struct Kehai { private: Kehai& operator=(const Kehai&); public: std::string price; std::string volume; std::string number; std::string postTime; std::string status; int changed; Kehai(); void copyFrom(const Kehai& other); Kehai(const Kehai& other); inline void clear() { price.assign(""); volume.assign(""); number.assign(""); postTime.assign(""); status.assign(""); changed = -1; } }; std::vector<Kehai> bid; std::vector<Kehai> ask; tm recTime; mutable boost::mutex dataMutex; Book(); void clear(); int copyChangedKehaiToString(char * dst) const; }; When using valgrind --tool=drd, i get race condition errors such as the one below: ==26330== Conflicting store by thread 1 at 0x0658fbb0 size 4 ==26330== at 0x653AE68: std::string::_M_mutate(unsigned int, unsigned int, unsigned int) (in /usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6.0.8) ==26330== by 0x653AFC9: std::string::_M_replace_safe(unsigned int, unsigned int, char const*, unsigned int) (in /usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6.0.8) ==26330== by 0x653B064: std::string::assign(char const*, unsigned int) (in /usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6.0.8) ==26330== by 0x653B134: std::string::assign(char const*) (in /usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6.0.8) ==26330== by 0x8055D64: Book::Kehai::clear() (Book.h:50) ==26330== by 0x8094A29: Book::clear() (Book.cpp:78) ==26330== by 0x808537E: RealKernel::start() (RealKernel.cpp:86) ==26330== by 0x804D15A: main (main.cpp:164) ==26330== Allocation context: BSS section of /usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6.0.8 ==26330== Other segment start (thread 2) ==26330== at 0x400BB59: pthread_mutex_unlock (drd_pthread_intercepts.c:633) ==26330== by 0xC59565: pthread_mutex_unlock (in /lib/libc-2.5.so) ==26330== by 0x805477C: boost::mutex::unlock() (mutex.hpp:56) ==26330== by 0x80547C9: boost::unique_lock<boost::mutex>::~unique_lock() (locks.hpp:340) ==26330== by 0x80949BA: Book::copyChangedKehaiToString(char*) const (Book.cpp:134) ==26330== by 0x80937EE: BookSerializer::serializeBook(Book const&, std::string const&) (BookSerializer.cpp:41) ==26330== by 0x8092D05: BookSnapshotManager::getSnaphotDataList() (BookSnapshotManager.cpp:72) ==26330== by 0x8088179: SnapshotServer::getDataList() (SnapshotServer.cpp:246) ==26330== by 0x808870F: SnapshotServer::run() (SnapshotServer.cpp:183) ==26330== by 0x808BAF5: boost::_mfi::mf0<void, RealThread>::operator()(RealThread*) const (mem_fn_template.hpp:49) ==26330== by 0x808BB4D: void boost::_bi::list1<boost::_bi::value<RealThread*> >::operator()<boost::_mfi::mf0<void, RealThread>, boost::_bi::list0>(boost::_bi::type<void>, boost::_mfi::mf0<void, RealThread>&, boost::_bi::list0&, int) (bind.hpp:253) ==26330== by 0x808BB90: boost::_bi::bind_t<void, boost::_mfi::mf0<void, RealThread>, boost::_bi::list1<boost::_bi::value<RealThread*> > >::operator()() (bind_template.hpp:20) ==26330== Other segment end (thread 2) ==26330== at 0x400B62A: pthread_mutex_lock (drd_pthread_intercepts.c:580) ==26330== by 0xC59535: pthread_mutex_lock (in /lib/libc-2.5.so) ==26330== by 0x80546B8: boost::mutex::lock() (mutex.hpp:51) ==26330== by 0x805473B: boost::unique_lock<boost::mutex>::lock() (locks.hpp:349) ==26330== by 0x8054769: boost::unique_lock<boost::mutex>::unique_lock(boost::mutex&) (locks.hpp:227) ==26330== by 0x8094711: Book::copyChangedKehaiToString(char*) const (Book.cpp:113) ==26330== by 0x80937EE: BookSerializer::serializeBook(Book const&, std::string const&) (BookSerializer.cpp:41) ==26330== by 0x808870F: SnapshotServer::run() (SnapshotServer.cpp:183) ==26330== by 0x808BAF5: boost::_mfi::mf0<void, RealThread>::operator()(RealThread*) const (mem_fn_template.hpp:49) ==26330== by 0x808BB4D: void boost::_bi::list1<boost::_bi::value<RealThread*> >::operator()<boost::_mfi::mf0<void, RealThread>, boost::_bi::list0>(boost::_bi::type<void>, boost::_mfi::mf0<void, RealThread>&, boost::_bi::list0&, int) (bind.hpp:253) For the life of me, i can't figure out where the race condition is. As far as I can tell, clearing the kehai is done only after having taken the mutex, and the same holds true with copying it to a string. Does anyone have any ideas what could be causing this, or where I should look? Thank you kindly.

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• Why is phpseclib producing incompatible certs?

  - by chacham15

  Why is it that when I try to use a certificate/key pair generated from phpseclib, the OpenSSL server code errors out? Certs/Keys generated from OpenSSL work fine. How do I fix this? Certificate/Key Generation taken straight from phpseclib documentation: <?php include('File/X509.php'); include('Crypt/RSA.php'); // create private key / x.509 cert for stunnel / website $privKey = new Crypt_RSA(); extract($privKey-createKey()); $privKey-loadKey($privatekey); $pubKey = new Crypt_RSA(); $pubKey-loadKey($publickey); $pubKey-setPublicKey(); $subject = new File_X509(); $subject-setDNProp('id-at-organizationName', 'phpseclib demo cert'); //$subject-removeDNProp('id-at-organizationName'); $subject-setPublicKey($pubKey); $issuer = new File_X509(); $issuer-setPrivateKey($privKey); $issuer-setDN($subject-getDN()); $x509 = new File_X509(); //$x509-setStartDate('-1 month'); // default: now //$x509-setEndDate('+1 year'); // default: +1 year $result = $x509-sign($issuer, $subject); echo "the stunnel.pem contents are as follows:\r\n\r\n"; echo $privKey-getPrivateKey(); echo "\r\n"; echo $x509-saveX509($result); echo "\r\n"; ? OpenSSL sample SSL server taken straight from OpenSSL example code: #include <stdio.h #include <unistd.h #include <stdlib.h #include <memory.h #include <errno.h #include <sys/types.h #include <sys/socket.h #include <netinet/in.h #include <arpa/inet.h #include <netdb.h #include <openssl/rsa.h /* SSLeay stuff */ #include <openssl/crypto.h #include <openssl/x509.h #include <openssl/pem.h #include <openssl/ssl.h #include <openssl/err.h #define CHK_NULL(x) if ((x)==NULL) exit (1) #define CHK_ERR(err,s) if ((err)==-1) { perror(s); exit(1); } #define CHK_SSL(err) if ((err)==-1) { ERR_print_errors_fp(stderr); exit(2); } int main (int argc, char *argv[]) { int err; int listen_sd; int sd; struct sockaddr_in sa_serv; struct sockaddr_in sa_cli; size_t client_len; SSL_CTX* ctx; SSL* ssl; X509* client_cert; char* str; char buf [4096]; SSL_METHOD *meth; /* SSL preliminaries. We keep the certificate and key with the context. */ SSL_load_error_strings(); SSLeay_add_ssl_algorithms(); meth = SSLv23_server_method(); ctx = SSL_CTX_new (meth); if (!ctx) { ERR_print_errors_fp(stderr); exit(2); } if (SSL_CTX_use_certificate_file(ctx, argv[1], SSL_FILETYPE_PEM) <= 0) { ERR_print_errors_fp(stderr); exit(3); } if (SSL_CTX_use_PrivateKey_file(ctx, argv[2], SSL_FILETYPE_PEM) <= 0) { ERR_print_errors_fp(stderr); exit(4); } if (!SSL_CTX_check_private_key(ctx)) { fprintf(stderr,"Private key does not match the certificate public key\n"); exit(5); } /* ----------------------------------------------- */ /* Prepare TCP socket for receiving connections */ listen_sd = socket (AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0); CHK_ERR(listen_sd, "socket"); memset (&sa_serv, '\0', sizeof(sa_serv)); sa_serv.sin_family = AF_INET; sa_serv.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY; sa_serv.sin_port = htons (1111); /* Server Port number */ err = bind(listen_sd, (struct sockaddr*) &sa_serv, sizeof (sa_serv)); CHK_ERR(err, "bind"); /* Receive a TCP connection. */ err = listen (listen_sd, 5); CHK_ERR(err, "listen"); client_len = sizeof(sa_cli); sd = accept (listen_sd, (struct sockaddr*) &sa_cli, (unsigned int*)&client_len); CHK_ERR(sd, "accept"); close (listen_sd); printf ("Connection from %lx, port %x\n", sa_cli.sin_addr.s_addr, sa_cli.sin_port); /* ----------------------------------------------- */ /* TCP connection is ready. Do server side SSL. */ ssl = SSL_new (ctx); CHK_NULL(ssl); SSL_set_fd (ssl, sd); err = SSL_accept (ssl); CHK_SSL(err); /* Get the cipher - opt */ printf ("SSL connection using %s\n", SSL_get_cipher (ssl)); /* Get client's certificate (note: beware of dynamic allocation) - opt */ client_cert = SSL_get_peer_certificate (ssl); if (client_cert != NULL) { printf ("Client certificate:\n"); str = X509_NAME_oneline (X509_get_subject_name (client_cert), 0, 0); CHK_NULL(str); printf ("\t subject: %s\n", str); OPENSSL_free (str); str = X509_NAME_oneline (X509_get_issuer_name (client_cert), 0, 0); CHK_NULL(str); printf ("\t issuer: %s\n", str); OPENSSL_free (str); /* We could do all sorts of certificate verification stuff here before deallocating the certificate. */ X509_free (client_cert); } else printf ("Client does not have certificate.\n"); /* DATA EXCHANGE - Receive message and send reply. */ err = SSL_read (ssl, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1); CHK_SSL(err); buf[err] = '\0'; printf ("Got %d chars:'%s'\n", err, buf); err = SSL_write (ssl, "I hear you.", strlen("I hear you.")); CHK_SSL(err); /* Clean up. */ close (sd); SSL_free (ssl); SSL_CTX_free (ctx); return 1; } /* EOF - serv.cpp */ This program errors with: (the error is printed out on the call to SSL_write) Connection from 100007f, port a7ff SSL connection using (NONE) Client does not have certificate. Got 0 chars:'' 82673:error:1409E0E5:SSL routines:SSL3_WRITE_BYTES:ssl handshake failure:/SourceCache/OpenSSL098/OpenSSL098-44/src/ssl/s3_pkt.c:539: Here is the relevant code referenced by the error: int ssl3_write_bytes(SSL *s, int type, const void *buf_, int len) { const unsigned char *buf=buf_; unsigned int tot,n,nw; int i; s-rwstate=SSL_NOTHING; tot=s-s3-wnum; s-s3-wnum=0; if (SSL_in_init(s) && !s-in_handshake) { i=s-handshake_func(s); if (i < 0) return(i); if (i == 0) { SSLerr(SSL_F_SSL3_WRITE_BYTES,SSL_R_SSL_HANDSHAKE_FAILURE); return -1; } } ...etc

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• C#: My World Clock

  - by Bruce Eitman

  [Placeholder:  I will post the entire project soon] I have been working on cleaning my office of 8 years of stuff from several engineers working on many projects.  It turns out that we have a few extra single board computers with displays, so at the end of the day last Friday I though why not create a little application to display the time, you know, a clock.  How difficult could that be?  It turns out that it is quite simple – until I decided to gold plate the project by adding time displays for our offices around the world. I decided to use C#, which actually made creating the main clock quite easy.   The application was simply a text box and a timer.  I set the timer to fire a couple of times a second, and when it does use a DateTime object to get the current time and retrieve a string to display. And I could have been done, but of course that gold plating came up.   Seems simple enough, simply offset the time from the local time to the location that I want the time for and display it.    Sure enough, I had the time displayed for UK, Italy, Kansas City, Japan and China in no time at all. But it is October, and for those of us still stuck with Daylight Savings Time, we know that the clocks are about to change.   My first attempt was to simply check to see if the local time was DST or Standard time, then change the offset for China.  China doesn’t have Daylight Savings Time. If you know anything about the time changes around the world, you already know that my plan is flawed – in a big way.   It turns out that the transitions in and out of DST take place at different times around the world.   If you didn’t know that, do a quick search for “Daylight Savings” and you will find many WEB sites dedicated to tracking the time changes dates, and times. Now the real challenge of this application; how do I programmatically find out when the time changes occur and handle them correctly?  After a considerable amount of research it turns out that the solution is to read the data from the registry and parse it to figure out when the time changes occur. Reading Time Change Information from the Registry Reading the data from the registry is simple, using the data is a little more complicated.  First, reading from the registry can be done like:             byte[] binarydata = (byte[])Registry.GetValue("HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Time Zones\\Eastern Standard Time", "TZI", null);   Where I have hardcoded the registry key for example purposes, but in the end I will use some variables.   We now have a binary blob with the data, but it needs to be converted to use the real data.   To start we will need a couple of structs to hold the data and make it usable.   We will need a SYSTEMTIME and REG_TZI_FORMAT.   You may have expected that we would need a TIME_ZONE_INFORMATION struct, but we don’t.   The data is stored in the registry as a REG_TZI_FORMAT, which excludes some of the values found in TIME_ZONE_INFORMATION.     struct SYSTEMTIME     {         internal short wYear;         internal short wMonth;         internal short wDayOfWeek;         internal short wDay;         internal short wHour;         internal short wMinute;         internal short wSecond;         internal short wMilliseconds;     }       struct REG_TZI_FORMAT     {         internal long Bias;         internal long StdBias;         internal long DSTBias;         internal SYSTEMTIME StandardStart;         internal SYSTEMTIME DSTStart;     }   Now we need to convert the binary blob to a REG_TZI_FORMAT.   To do that I created the following helper functions:         private void BinaryToSystemTime(ref SYSTEMTIME ST, byte[] binary, int offset)         {             ST.wYear = (short)(binary[offset + 0] + (binary[offset + 1] << 8));             ST.wMonth = (short)(binary[offset + 2] + (binary[offset + 3] << 8));             ST.wDayOfWeek = (short)(binary[offset + 4] + (binary[offset + 5] << 8));             ST.wDay = (short)(binary[offset + 6] + (binary[offset + 7] << 8));             ST.wHour = (short)(binary[offset + 8] + (binary[offset + 9] << 8));             ST.wMinute = (short)(binary[offset + 10] + (binary[offset + 11] << 8));             ST.wSecond = (short)(binary[offset + 12] + (binary[offset + 13] << 8));             ST.wMilliseconds = (short)(binary[offset + 14] + (binary[offset + 15] << 8));         }             private REG_TZI_FORMAT ConvertFromBinary(byte[] binarydata)         {             REG_TZI_FORMAT RTZ = new REG_TZI_FORMAT();               RTZ.Bias = binarydata[0] + (binarydata[1] << 8) + (binarydata[2] << 16) + (binarydata[3] << 24);             RTZ.StdBias = binarydata[4] + (binarydata[5] << 8) + (binarydata[6] << 16) + (binarydata[7] << 24);             RTZ.DSTBias = binarydata[8] + (binarydata[9] << 8) + (binarydata[10] << 16) + (binarydata[11] << 24);             BinaryToSystemTime(ref RTZ.StandardStart, binarydata, 4 + 4 + 4);             BinaryToSystemTime(ref RTZ.DSTStart, binarydata, 4 + 16 + 4 + 4);               return RTZ;         }   I am the first to admit that there may be a better way to get the settings from the registry and into the REG_TXI_FORMAT, but I am not a great C# programmer which I have said before on this blog.   So sometimes I chose brute force over elegant. Now that we have the Bias information and the start date information, we can start to make sense of it.   The bias is an offset, in minutes, from local time (if already in local time for the time zone in question) to get to UTC – or as Microsoft defines it: UTC = local time + bias.  Standard bias is an offset to adjust for standard time, which I think is usually zero.   And DST bias is and offset to adjust for daylight savings time. Since we don’t have the local time for a time zone other than the one that the computer is set to, what we first need to do is convert local time to UTC, which is simple enough using:                 DateTime.Now.ToUniversalTime(); Then, since we have UTC we need to do a little math to alter the formula to: local time = UTC – bias.  In other words, we need to subtract the bias minutes. I am ahead of myself though, the standard and DST start dates really aren’t dates.   Instead they indicate the month, day of week and week number of the time change.   The dDay member of SYSTEM time will be set to the week number of the date change indicating that the change happens on the first, second… day of week of the month.  So we need to convert them to dates so that we can determine which bias to use, and when to change to a different bias.   To do that, I wrote the following function:         private DateTime SystemTimeToDateTimeStart(SYSTEMTIME Time, int Year)         {             DayOfWeek[] Days = { DayOfWeek.Sunday, DayOfWeek.Monday, DayOfWeek.Tuesday, DayOfWeek.Wednesday, DayOfWeek.Thursday, DayOfWeek.Friday, DayOfWeek.Saturday };             DateTime InfoTime = new DateTime(Year, Time.wMonth, Time.wDay == 1 ? 1 : ((Time.wDay - 1) * 7) + 1, Time.wHour, Time.wMinute, Time.wSecond, DateTimeKind.Utc);             DateTime BestGuess = InfoTime;             while (BestGuess.DayOfWeek != Days[Time.wDayOfWeek])             {                 BestGuess = BestGuess.AddDays(1);             }             return BestGuess;         }   SystemTimeToDateTimeStart gets two parameters; a SYSTEMTIME and a year.   The reason is that we will try this year and next year because we are interested in start dates that are in the future, not the past.  The function starts by getting a new Datetime with the first possible date and then looking for the correct date. Using the start dates, we can then determine the correct bias to use, and the next date that time will change:             NextTimeChange = StandardChange;             CurrentBias = TimezoneSettings.Bias + TimezoneSettings.DSTBias;             if (DSTChange.Year != 1 && StandardChange.Year != 1)             {                 if (DSTChange.CompareTo(StandardChange) < 0)                 {                     NextTimeChange = DSTChange;                     CurrentBias = TimezoneSettings.StdBias + TimezoneSettings.Bias;                 }             }             else             {                 // I don't like this, but it turns out that China Standard Time                 // has a DSTBias of -60 on every Windows system that I tested.                 // So, if no DST transitions, then just use the Bias without                 // any offset                 CurrentBias = TimezoneSettings.Bias;             }   Note that some time zones do not change time, in which case the years will remain set to 1.   Further, I found that the registry settings are actually wrong in that the DST Bias is set to -60 for China even though there is not DST in China, so I ignore the standard and DST bias for those time zones. There is one thing that I have not solved, and don’t plan to solve.  If the time zone for this computer changes, this application will not update the clock using the new time zone.  I tell  you this because you may need to deal with it – I do not because I won’t let the user get to the control panel applet to change the timezone. Copyright © 2012 – Bruce Eitman All Rights Reserved

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• Reciving UDP packets on iPhone

  - by Eli

  I'm trying to establish UDP communication between a MAC OS and an iPod through Wi-Fi, at this point I'm able to send packets from the iPod and I can see those packets have the right MAC and ip addresses (I'm using wireshark to monitor the network) but the MAC receives the packets only when the wireshark is on, otherwise recvfrom() returns -1. When I try to transmit from MAC to iPhone I have the same result, I can see the packets are sent but the iPhone doesn't seem to get them. I'm using the next code to send: struct addrinfo hints; int rv; memset(&hints, 0, sizeof hints); hints.ai_family = AF_UNSPEC; hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_DGRAM; if ((rv = getaddrinfo(IP, SERVERPORT, &hints, &servinfo)) != 0) { fprintf(stderr, "getaddrinfo: %s\n", gai_strerror(rv)); return 1; } // loop through all the results and make a socket for(p = servinfo; p != NULL; p = p->ai_next) { if ((sockfd = socket(p->ai_family, p->ai_socktype, p->ai_protocol)) == -1) { perror("talker: socket"); continue; } break; } if (p == NULL) { fprintf(stderr, "talker: failed to bind socket\n"); return 2; } while (cond) sntBytes += sendto(sockfd, message, strlen(message), 0, p->ai_addr, p->ai_addrlen); return 0; and this code to receive: struct addrinfo hints, *p; int rv; memset(&hints, 0, sizeof hints); hints.ai_family = AF_UNSPEC; // set hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_DGRAM; hints.ai_flags = AI_PASSIVE; // use to AF_INET to force IPv4 my IP if ((rv = getaddrinfo(NULL, MYPORT, &hints, &servinfo)) != 0) { fprintf(stderr, "getaddrinfo: %s\n", gai_strerror(rv)); return 1; } // loop through all the results and bind to the first we can for(p = servinfo; p != NULL; p = p->ai_next) { if ((sockfd = socket(p->ai_family, p->ai_socktype, p->ai_protocol)) == -1) { perror("listener: socket"); continue; } if (bind(sockfd, p->ai_addr, p->ai_addrlen) == -1) { close(sockfd); perror("listener: bind"); continue; } break; } if (p == NULL) { fprintf(stderr, "listener: failed to bind socket\n"); return 2; } addr_len = sizeof their_addr; fcntl(sockfd, F_SETFL,O_NONBLOCK); int rcvbuf_size = 128 * 1024; // That's 128Kb of buffer space. setsockopt(sockfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, &rcvbuf_size, sizeof(rcvbuf_size)); printf("listener: waiting to recvfrom...\n"); while (cond) rcvBytes = recvfrom(sockfd, buf, MAXBUFLEN-1 , 0, (struct sockaddr *)&their_addr, &addr_len); return 0; What am I missing?

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• simple C++ hash_set example

  - by celil

  I am new to C++ and STL. I am stuck with the following simple example of a hash set storing custom data structures: #include <iostream> #include <ext/hash_set> using namespace std; using namespace __gnu_cxx; struct trip { int trip_id; int delta_n; int delta_secs; trip(int trip_id, int delta_n, int delta_secs){ this->trip_id = trip_id; this->delta_n = delta_n; this->delta_secs = delta_secs; } }; struct hash_trip { size_t operator()(const trip t) { hash<int> H; return H(t.trip_id); } }; struct eq_trip { bool operator()(const trip t1, const trip t2) { return (t1.trip_id==t2.trip_id) && (t1.delta_n==t2.delta_n) && (t1.delta_secs==t2.delta_secs); } }; int main() { hash_set<trip, hash_trip, eq_trip> trips; trip t = trip(3,2,-1); trip t1 = trip(3,2,0); trips.insert(t); } when I try to compile it, I get the following error message: /usr/include/c++/4.2.1/ext/hashtable.h: In member function ‘size_t __gnu_cxx::hashtable<_Val, _Key, _HashFcn, _ExtractKey, _EqualKey, _Alloc>::_M_bkt_num_key(const _Key&, size_t) const [with _Val = trip, _Key = trip, _HashFcn = hash_trip, _ExtractKey = std::_Identity<trip>, _EqualKey = eq_trip, _Alloc = std::allocator<trip>]’: /usr/include/c++/4.2.1/ext/hashtable.h:599: instantiated from ‘size_t __gnu_cxx::hashtable<_Val, _Key, _HashFcn, _ExtractKey, _EqualKey, _Alloc>::_M_bkt_num(const _Val&, size_t) const [with _Val = trip, _Key = trip, _HashFcn = hash_trip, _ExtractKey = std::_Identity<trip>, _EqualKey = eq_trip, _Alloc = std::allocator<trip>]’ /usr/include/c++/4.2.1/ext/hashtable.h:1006: instantiated from ‘void __gnu_cxx::hashtable<_Val, _Key, _HashFcn, _ExtractKey, _EqualKey, _Alloc>::resize(size_t) [with _Val = trip, _Key = trip, _HashFcn = hash_trip, _ExtractKey = std::_Identity<trip>, _EqualKey = eq_trip, _Alloc = std::allocator<trip>]’ /usr/include/c++/4.2.1/ext/hashtable.h:437: instantiated from ‘std::pair<__gnu_cxx::_Hashtable_iterator<_Val, _Key, _HashFcn, _ExtractKey, _EqualKey, _Alloc>, bool> __gnu_cxx::hashtable<_Val, _Key, _HashFcn, _ExtractKey, _EqualKey, _Alloc>::insert_unique(const _Val&) [with _Val = trip, _Key = trip, _HashFcn = hash_trip, _ExtractKey = std::_Identity<trip>, _EqualKey = eq_trip, _Alloc = std::allocator<trip>]’ /usr/include/c++/4.2.1/ext/hash_set:197: instantiated from ‘std::pair<typename __gnu_cxx::hashtable<_Value, _Value, _HashFcn, std::_Identity<_Value>, _EqualKey, _Alloc>::const_iterator, bool> __gnu_cxx::hash_set<_Value, _HashFcn, _EqualKey, _Alloc>::insert(const typename __gnu_cxx::hashtable<_Value, _Value, _HashFcn, std::_Identity<_Value>, _EqualKey, _Alloc>::value_type&) [with _Value = trip, _HashFcn = hash_trip, _EqualKey = eq_trip, _Alloc = std::allocator<trip>]’ try.cpp:45: instantiated from here /usr/include/c++/4.2.1/ext/hashtable.h:595: error: passing ‘const hash_trip’ as ‘this’ argument of ‘size_t hash_trip::operator()(trip)’ discards qualifiers What am I doing wrong?

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• multiple valgrind errors: Conditional jump or move depends on uninitialised value(s)

  - by Hristo

  I'm running valgrind and I'm getting the following error (this is not the only one): ==21743== Conditional jump or move depends on uninitialised value(s) ==21743== at 0x4A06509: index (mc_replace_strmem.c:164) ==21743== by 0x33B7CBB3CD: gaih_inet (in /lib64/libc-2.5.so) ==21743== by 0x33B7CBD629: getaddrinfo (in /lib64/libc-2.5.so) ==21743== by 0x401A5F: tunnelURL (proxy.c:336) ==21743== by 0x40142A: client_thread (proxy.c:194) ==21743== by 0x33B8806616: start_thread (in /lib64/libpthread-2.5.so) ==21743== by 0x33B7CD3C2C: clone (in /lib64/libc-2.5.so) My tunnelURL() function looks like this: char * tunnelURL(char *url) { char * a = strstr(url, "//"); a += 2; char * path = strstr(a, "/"); char host[256]; strncpy (host, a, strlen(a)-strlen(path)); /* * The following is courtesy of Beej's Guide */ int status; int proxySocketFD; struct addrinfo hints; struct addrinfo *servinfo; // will point to the results memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints)); // make sure the struct is empty hints.ai_family = AF_INET; // don't care IPv4 or IPv6 hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM; // TCP stream sockets hints.ai_flags = AI_PASSIVE; // fill in my IP for me if ((status = getaddrinfo(host, "80", &hints, &servinfo)) != 0) { perror("getaddrinfo() fail"); exit(1); } // create socket if ((proxySocketFD = socket(servinfo->ai_family, servinfo->ai_socktype, servinfo->ai_protocol)) == -1) { perror("proxy socket() fail"); exit(1); } // connect if (connect(proxySocketFD, servinfo->ai_addr, servinfo->ai_addrlen) != 0) { printf("connect() fail"); exit(1); } // construct request char request[strlen(path) + strlen(host) + 26]; sprintf(request, "GET %s HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: %s\r\n\r\n", path, host); printf("%s", request); // send request send(proxySocketFD, request, strlen(request), 0); // receive response int i = 0; int amntRecvd = 0; char *pageContentBuffer = (char*) malloc(4096 * sizeof(char)); while ((amntRecvd = recv(proxySocketFD, pageContentBuffer + i, 4096, 0)) > 0) { i += amntRecvd; realloc(pageContentBuffer, i * 4096 * sizeof(char)); } // close proxy socket close(proxySocketFD); // deallocate memory freeaddrinfo(servinfo); return pageContentBuffer; } Line 336 corresponds to the if statement with the getaddrinfo() function call. I'm not really sure what I haven't initialized. The string I'm passing in "should" be already set... I'm printing it out just fine. I also get another error corresponding to the same line of code: ==21743== Use of uninitialised value of size 8 ==21743== at 0x33B7D05816: __nscd_cache_search (in /lib64/libc-2.5.so) ==21743== by 0x33B7D0438B: nscd_gethst_r (in /lib64/libc-2.5.so) ==21743== by 0x33B7D04B26: __nscd_gethostbyname2_r (in /lib64/libc-2.5.so) ==21743== by 0x33B7CE9F5E: gethostbyname2_r@@GLIBC_2.2.5 (in /lib64/libc-2.5.so) ==21743== by 0x33B7CBC522: gaih_inet (in /lib64/libc-2.5.so) ==21743== by 0x33B7CBD629: getaddrinfo (in /lib64/libc-2.5.so) ==21743== by 0x401A5F: tunnelURL (proxy.c:336) ==21743== by 0x40142A: client_thread (proxy.c:194) ==21743== by 0x33B8806616: start_thread (in /lib64/libpthread-2.5.so) ==21743== by 0x33B7CD3C2C: clone (in /lib64/libc-2.5.so) Any ideas as to what might becausing this? This is written in C btw... Thanks, Hristo

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• Using undefined type.

  - by Knowing me knowing you

  //file list.h #include "stdafx.h" namespace st { struct My_List; typedef My_List list; list* create(const char* name); } //file list.cpp #include "stdafx.h" #include "list.h" namespace st { struct My_List { const char* name_; My_List* left_; My_List* right_; My_List(const char* name):name_(name), left_(nullptr), right_(nullptr) {} My_List(const My_List&); ~My_List() { } void insert(My_List*); void set_name(char* name) { name_ = name; } const char* get_name()const { return name_; } }; typedef My_List list; /*helper class for optor+ */ struct MyChar { const char* my_data_; MyChar(const char* c_string):my_data_(c_string){} operator const char*() { return my_data_; } operator char*() { return const_cast<char*>(my_data_); } }; char* operator+(MyChar left_, MyChar right_) { if (!left_.my_data_ || !right_.my_data_) { return 0; } size_t size = 1;//size is set to one for final '\0' char in an array char* p = "";//if both c_strings are empty this is returned bool has_left_ = false; bool has_right_ = false; if (strlen(left_)) { size += strlen(left_); has_left_ = true; } if (strlen(right_)) { size += strlen(right_); has_right_ = true; } bool both = has_left_ && has_right_ ? true : false; if (both) { p = new char[size](); const void* p_v = p;//just to keep address of beginning of p const char* tmp = left_; /*copying first c_string*/ while (*p++ = *tmp++); tmp = right_; /*one too far after last loop*/ --p; while (*p++ = *tmp++); *p = '\0'; /*go back to the beginning of an array*/ p = static_cast<char*>(const_cast<void*>(p_v)); return p; } else if (has_left_) { return left_; } else if (has_right_) { return right_; } return p;//returns "" if both c_strings were empty } My_List::My_List(const My_List& pat):left_(nullptr),right_(nullptr) { name_ = pat.name_ + MyChar("_cpy"); My_List* pattern = const_cast<My_List*>(&pat); My_List* target = this; while (pattern->right_) { target->right_ = static_cast<My_List*>(malloc(sizeof(My_List))); *target->right_ = *pattern->right_; target->right_->set_name(pattern->right_->get_name() + MyChar("_cpy")); target->right_->left_ = static_cast<My_List*>(malloc(sizeof(My_List))); *target->right_->left_ = *pattern->right_->left_; target->right_->left_->set_name(pattern->right_->left_->get_name() + MyChar("_cpy")); pattern = pattern->right_; target = target->right_; } } void My_List::insert(My_List* obj) { /*to catch first branch*/ My_List* tmp = this; if (tmp->right_) { /*go to the end of right side*/ while (tmp->right_) { tmp = tmp->right_; } tmp->right_ = obj; obj->left_ = tmp; } else { tmp->right_ = obj; obj->left_= this; } } My_List* create(const char* name) { return new My_List(name); } } //file main.cpp #include "stdafx.h" #include "list.h" using namespace st; int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[]) { list* my = create("a"); list* b = create("b"); my->insert(b);//HERE I'M GETTING ERROR return 0; } err msg: 'Error 1 error C2027: use of undefined type 'st::My_List' 13' Why? Especially that if I comment this line it will get compiled and create() is using this type.

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• 1>main.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _D3D10CreateDeviceAndSwapChain@32

  - by numerical25

  having trouble getting my directx going I get the following error 1>Linking... 1>main.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _D3D10CreateDeviceAndSwapChain@32 1>C:\Users\numerical25\Desktop\Intro ToDirectX\msdnTutorials\tutorial0\tutorial\Debug\tutorial.exe : fatal error LNK1120: 1 unresolved externals below is my code // include the basic windows header file #include <windows.h> #include <windowsx.h> #include <d3d10.h> ID3D10Device* g_pd3dDevice; IDXGISwapChain* g_pSwapChain; // the WindowProc function prototype LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam); bool InitDirect3D(HWND); // the entry point for any Windows program int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow) { // the handle for the window, filled by a function HWND hWnd; // this struct holds information for the window class WNDCLASSEX wc; // clear out the window class for use ZeroMemory(&wc, sizeof(WNDCLASSEX)); // fill in the struct with the needed information wc.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX); wc.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW; wc.lpfnWndProc = WindowProc; wc.hInstance = hInstance; wc.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW); wc.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)COLOR_WINDOW; wc.lpszClassName = L"WindowClass1"; // register the window class RegisterClassEx(&wc); // create the window and use the result as the handle hWnd = CreateWindowEx(NULL, L"WindowClass1", // name of the window class L"Our First Windowed Program", // title of the window WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, // window style 300, // x-position of the window 300, // y-position of the window 640, // width of the window 480, // height of the window NULL, // we have no parent window, NULL NULL, // we aren't using menus, NULL hInstance, // application handle NULL); // used with multiple windows, NULL // display the window on the screen ShowWindow(hWnd, nCmdShow); // enter the main loop: // this struct holds Windows event messages MSG msg; bool finished = InitDirect3D(hWnd); // Enter the infinite message loop while(TRUE) { // Check to see if any messages are waiting in the queue while(PeekMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE)) { // Translate the message and dispatch it to WindowProc() TranslateMessage(&msg); DispatchMessage(&msg); } // If the message is WM_QUIT, exit the while loop if(msg.message == WM_QUIT) break; // Run game code here // ... // ... }; } // this is the main message handler for the program LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) { // sort through and find what code to run for the message given switch(message) { // this message is read when the window is closed case WM_DESTROY: { // close the application entirely PostQuitMessage(0); return 0; } break; } // Handle any messages the switch statement didn't return DefWindowProc (hWnd, message, wParam, lParam); } bool InitDirect3D(HWND g_hWnd) { DXGI_SWAP_CHAIN_DESC sd; ZeroMemory( &sd, sizeof(sd) ); sd.BufferCount = 1; sd.BufferDesc.Width = 640; sd.BufferDesc.Height = 480; sd.BufferDesc.Format = DXGI_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM; sd.BufferDesc.RefreshRate.Numerator = 60; sd.BufferDesc.RefreshRate.Denominator = 1; sd.BufferUsage = DXGI_USAGE_RENDER_TARGET_OUTPUT; sd.OutputWindow = g_hWnd; sd.SampleDesc.Count = 1; sd.SampleDesc.Quality = 0; sd.Windowed = TRUE; if( FAILED( D3D10CreateDeviceAndSwapChain( NULL, D3D10_DRIVER_TYPE_REFERENCE, NULL, 0, D3D10_SDK_VERSION, &sd, &g_pSwapChain, &g_pd3dDevice ) ) ) { return FALSE; } return TRUE; }

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• C program runs in Cygwin but not Linux (Malloc)

  - by Shawn

  I have a heap allocation error that I cant spot in my code that is picked up on vanguard/gdb on Linux but runs perfectly on a Windows cygwin environment. I understand that Linux could be tighter with its heap allocation than Windows but I would really like to have a response that discovers the issue/possible fix. I'm also aware that I shouldn't typecast malloc in C but it's a force of habit and doesn't change my problem from happening. My program actually compiles without error on both Linux & Windows but when I run it in Linux I get a scary looking result: malloc.c:3074: sYSMALLOc: Assertion `(old_top == (((mbinptr) (((char *) &((av)-bins[((1) - 1) * 2])) - __builtin_offsetof (struct malloc_chunk, fd)))) && old_size == 0) || ((unsigned long) (old_size) = (unsigned long)((((__builtin_offsetof (struct malloc_chunk, fd_nextsize))+((2 * (sizeof(size_t))) - 1)) & ~((2 * (sizeof(size_t))) - 1))) && ((old_top)-size & 0x1) && ((unsigned long)old_end & pagemask) == 0)' failed. Aborted Attached snippet from my code that is being pointed to as the error for review: /* Main */ int main(int argc, char * argv[]) { FILE *pFile; unsigned char *buffer; long int lSize; pFile = fopen ( argv[1] , "r" ); if (pFile==NULL) {fputs ("File error on arg[1]",stderr); return 1;} fseek (pFile , 0 , SEEK_END); lSize = ftell (pFile); rewind (pFile); buffer = (char*) malloc(sizeof(char) * lSize+1); if (buffer == NULL) {fputs ("Memory error",stderr); return 2;} bitpair * ppairs = (bitpair *) malloc(sizeof(bitpair) * (lSize+1)); //line 51 below calcpair(ppairs, (lSize+1)); /* irrelevant stuff */ fclose(pFile); free(buffer); free(ppairs); } typedef struct { long unsigned int a; //not actual variable names... Yes I need them to be long unsigned long unsigned int b; long unsigned int c; long unsigned int d; long unsigned int e; } bitpair; void calcpair(bitpair * ppairs, long int bits); void calcPairs(bitpair * ppairs, long int bits) { long int i, top, bot, var_1, var_2; int count = 0; for(i = 0; i < cs; i++) { top = 0; ppairs[top].e = 1; do { bot = count; count++; } while(ppairs[bot].e != 0); ppairs[bot].e = 1; var_1 = bot; var_2 = top; calcpair * bp = &ppairs[var_2]; bp->a = var_2; bp->b = var_1; bp->c = i; bp = &ppairs[var_1]; bp->a = var_2; bp->b = var_1; bp->c = i; } return; } gdb reports: free(): invalid pointer: 0x0000000000603290 * valgrind reports the following message 5 times before exiting due to "VALGRIND INTERNAL ERROR" signal 11 (SIGSEGV): Invalid read of size 8 ==2727== at 0x401043: calcPairs (in /home/user/Documents/5-3/ubuntu test/main) ==2727== by 0x400C9A: main (main.c:51) ==2727== Address 0x5a607a0 is not stack'd, malloc'd or (recently) free'd

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• Can printf change its parameters??

  - by martani_net

  EDIT: complete code with main is here http://codepad.org/79aLzj2H and once again this is were the weird behavious is happening for (i = 0; i<tab_size; i++) { //CORRECT OUTPUT printf("%s\n", tableau[i].capitale); printf("%s", tableau[i].pays); printf("%s\n", tableau[i].commentaire); //WRONG OUTPUT //printf("%s --- %s --- %s |\n", tableau[i].capitale, tableau[i].pays, tableau[i].commentaire); } I have an array of the following strcuture struct T_info { char capitale[255]; char pays[255]; char commentaire[255]; }; struct T_info *tableau; This is how the array is populated int advance(FILE *f) { char c; c = getc(f); if(c == '\n') return 0; while(c != EOF && (c == ' ' || c == '\t')) { c = getc(f); } return fseek(f, -1, SEEK_CUR); } int get_word(FILE *f, char * buffer) { char c; int count = 0; int space = 0; while((c = getc(f)) != EOF) { if (c == '\n') { buffer[count] = '\0'; return -2; } if ((c == ' ' || c == '\t') && space < 1) { buffer[count] = c; count ++; space++; } else { if (c != ' ' && c != '\t') { buffer[count] = c; count ++; space = 0; } else /* more than one space*/ { advance(f); break; } } } buffer[count] = '\0'; if(c == EOF) return -1; return count; } void fill_table(FILE *f,struct T_info *tab) { int line = 0, column = 0; fseek(f, 0, SEEK_SET); char buffer[MAX_LINE]; char c; int res; int i = 0; while((res = get_word(f, buffer)) != -999) { switch(column) { case 0: strcpy(tab[line].capitale, buffer); column++; break; case 1: strcpy(tab[line].pays, buffer); column++; break; default: strcpy(tab[line].commentaire, buffer); column++; break; } /*if I printf each one alone here, everything works ok*/ //last word in line if (res == -2) { if (column == 2) { strcpy(tab[line].commentaire, " "); } //wrong output here printf("%s -- %s -- %s\n", tab[line].capitale, tab[line].pays, tab[line].commentaire); column = 0; line++; continue; } column = column % 3; if (column == 0) { line++; } /*EOF reached*/ if(res == -1) return; } return ; } Edit : trying this printf("%s -- ", tab[line].capitale); printf("%s --", tab[line].pays); printf("%s --\n", tab[line].commentaire); gives me as result -- --abi -- Emirats arabes unis I expect to get Abu Dhabi -- Emirats arabes unis -- Am I missing something?

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• initializing structs using user-input information

  - by johnny boy

  I am trying to make a program that works with poker (texas holdem) starting hands; each hand has a value from 1 to 169, and i want to be able to input each card and whether they are suited or not, and have those values correspond to a series of structs. Here is the code so far, i cant seem to get it to work (im a beginning programmer). oh and im using visual studio 2005 by the way #include "stdafx.h" #include <iostream> int main() { using namespace std; struct FirstCard { struct SecondCard { int s; //suited int n; //non-suited }; SecondCard s14; SecondCard s13; SecondCard s12; SecondCard s11; SecondCard s10; SecondCard s9; SecondCard s8; SecondCard s7; SecondCard s6; SecondCard s5; SecondCard s4; SecondCard s3; SecondCard s2; }; FirstCard s14; //ace FirstCard s13; //king FirstCard s12; //queen FirstCard s11; //jack FirstCard s10; FirstCard s9; FirstCard s8; FirstCard s7; FirstCard s6; FirstCard s5; FirstCard s4; FirstCard s3; FirstCard s2; s14.s14.n = 169; // these are the values that each combination s13.s13.n = 168; // will evaluate to, would eventually have s12.s12.n = 167; // hand combinations all the way down to 1 s11.s11.n = 166; s14.s13.s = 165; s14.s13.s = 164; s10.s10.n = 163; //10, 10, nonsuited s14.s13.n = 162; s14.s11.s = 161; s13.s12.s = 160;// king, queen, suited s9.s9.n = 159; s14.s10.s = 158; s14.s12.n = 157; s13.s11.s = 156; s8.s8.n = 155; s12.s11.s = 154; s13.s10.s = 153; s14.s9.s = 152; s14.s11.n = 151; cout << "enter first card: " << endl; cin >> somthing?//no idea what to put here, but this would somehow //read out the user input (a number from 2 to 14) //and assign it to the corresponding struct cout << firstcard.secondcard.suited_or_not << endl; //this would change depending //on what the user inputs system("Pause"); }

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• Socket in C: recv overwrite a char[]

  - by Possa

  Hi all, I'm trying to make a little client-server script like many others that I've done in the past. But in this one I have a problem. It is better if I post the code and the output it give me. Code: #include <mysql.h> //not important now #include <stdlib.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #include <arpa/inet.h> #include <netdb.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <signal.h> #include <string.h> //constant definition #define SERVER_PORT 2121 #define LINESIZE 21 //global var definition char victim_ip[LINESIZE], file_write[LINESIZE], hacker_ip[LINESIZE]; //function void leggi (int); //not use now for debugging purpose //void scriviDB (); //not important now main () { int sock, client_len, fd; struct sockaddr_in server, client; // transport end point if((sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == -1) { perror("system call socket fail"); exit(1); } server.sin_family = AF_INET; server.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("10.10.10.1"); server.sin_port = htons(SERVER_PORT); // binding address at transport end point if (bind(sock, (struct sockaddr *)&server, sizeof server) == -1) { perror("system call bind fail"); exit(1); } //fprintf(stderr, "Server open: listening.\n"); listen(sock, 5); /* managae client connection */ while (1) { client_len = sizeof(client); if ((fd = accept(sock, (struct sockaddr *)&client, &client_len)) < 0) { perror("accepting connection"); exit(1); } strcpy(hacker_ip, inet_ntoa(client.sin_addr)); printf("1 %s\n", hacker_ip); //debugging purpose //leggi(fd); ////////////////////////// //receive client recv(fd, victim_ip, LINESIZE, 0); victim_ip[sizeof(victim_ip)] = '\0'; printf("2 %s\n", hacker_ip); //debugging purpose recv(fd, file_write, LINESIZE, 0); file_write[sizeof(file_write)] = '\0'; printf("3 %s\n", hacker_ip); //debugging purpose printf("%s@%s for %s\n", file_write, victim_ip, hacker_ip); //send to client send(fd, hacker_ip, 40, 0); //now is hacker_ip for debug ///////////////////////// close(fd); }//end while exit(0); } //end main Client send string: ./send -i 10.10.10.4 -f filename.ext so the script send -i (IP) and -f (FILE) at the server. Here's my output server side: 1 10.10.10.6 2 10.10.10.6 3 [email protected] for As you can see the printf(3) and the printf(ip,file,ip) fail. I don't know how and where but someone overwrite my hacker_ip string. Thanks for your help! :)

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• Partial string search in boost::multi_index_container

  - by user361699

  I have a struct to store info about persons and multi_index_contaider to store such objects struct person { std::string m_first_name; std::string m_last_name; std::string m_third_name; std::string m_address; std::string m_phone; person(); person(std::string f, std::string l, std::string t = "", std::string a = DEFAULT_ADDRESS, std::string p = DEFAULT_PHONE) : m_first_name(f), m_last_name(l), m_third_name(t), m_address(a), m_phone(p) {} }; typedef multi_index_container , ordered_non_unique, member, member persons_set; operator< and operator<< implementation for person bool operator<(const person &lhs, const person &rhs) { if(lhs.m_last_name == rhs.m_last_name) { if(lhs.m_first_name == rhs.m_first_name) return (lhs.m_third_name < rhs.m_third_name); return (lhs.m_first_name < rhs.m_first_name); } return (lhs.m_last_name < rhs.m_last_name); } std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream &s, const person &rhs) { s << "Person's last name: " << rhs.m_last_name << std::endl; s << "Person's name: " << rhs.m_first_name << std::endl; if (!rhs.m_third_name.empty()) s << "Person's third name: " << rhs.m_third_name << std::endl; s << "Phone: " << rhs.m_phone << std::endl; s << "Address: " << rhs.m_address << std::endl; return s; } Add several persons into container: person ("Alex", "Johnson", "Somename"); person ("Alex", "Goodspeed"); person ("Petr", "Parker"); person ("Petr", "Goodspeed"); Now I want to find person by lastname (the first member of the second index in multi_index_container) persons_set::nth_index<1::type &names_index = my_set.get<1(); std::pair::type::const_iterator, persons_set::nth_index<1::type::const_iterator n_it = names_index.equal_range("Goodspeed"); std::copy(n_it.first ,n_it.second, std::ostream_iterator(std::cout)); It works great. Both 'Goodspeed' persons are found. Now lets try to find person by a part of a last name: std::pair::type::const_iterator, persons_set::nth_index<1::type::const_iterator n_it = names_index.equal_range("Good"); std::copy(n_it.first ,n_it.second, std::ostream_iterator(std::cout)); This returns nothing, but partial string search works as a charm in std::set. So I can't realize what's the problem. I only wraped strings by a struct. May be operator< implementation? Thanks in advance for any help.

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• Code only runs properly if debugging step-by-step

  - by Cornwell

  Hello, I'm making a webserver and I've come up with some very strange problems. My server was running as expected yesterday when I turned off my laptop, but today it only sends the http headers (I didn't change anything) When a user requests a file, if I send them using the following code, it works perfectly: while ((n = fread(data, 1, sizeof(data), file)) > 0) send(ts, data, n, 0); but if I change it to this, it only sends ~2% of the file. And that's not a random number, it actually only sends about 2% of the file. while ((n = fread(data, 1, sizeof(data), file)) > 0) web.Send(data); int WEB::Send(string data) { return send(TempSocket, data.c_str(), data.size(), 0); } changing string to char* doesn't solve the problem. I'm using visual studio2010. If I run my code step-by-step, I am able to solve problem #1, everything gets sent. And that is my main problem. I do not understand why it happens. Hopefully someone can explain it to me. Thanks in advance. EDIT: int APIENTRY WinMain( HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrev, LPSTR lpCmd,int nShow) { SOCKET MainSocket=0; MSG msg; RedirectIOToConsole(); CreateThread(NULL, NULL, ListenThread, NULL, NULL, NULL); while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0)) { TranslateMessage(&msg); DispatchMessage(&msg); } WSACleanup(); closesocket(MainSocket); MainSocket = INVALID_SOCKET; return msg.wParam; } DWORD WINAPI ListenThread(LPVOID lparam) { SOCKET MainSocket; WSADATA wsaData; SOCKET tmpsock; struct sockaddr_in local, from; int fromlen=sizeof(from); WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsaData); local.sin_family=AF_INET; local.sin_addr.s_addr=INADDR_ANY; local.sin_port=htons(PORT); MainSocket=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0); if(MainSocket==INVALID_SOCKET) { return 0; } if(bind(MainSocket,(struct sockaddr*)&local,sizeof(local))!=0) { return 0; } if(listen(MainSocket,10)!=0) { return 0; } while(1) { tmpsock = accept(MainSocket,(struct sockaddr*)&from,&fromlen); CreateThread(NULL, NULL, SlaveThread, (LPVOID)tmpsock, NULL, NULL); } } DWORD WINAPI SlaveThread(LPVOID lparam) { SOCKET ts = (SOCKET)lparam;//temporary socket ...... char data[4096]; int n; unsigned long int length = statbuf.st_size; web.SendHeaders(200, "OK", format("Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=\"%s\"", FileName.c_str()).c_str(), web.GetMimeType(ReqPath.c_str()), length, statbuf.st_mtime); unsigned long int i=0,d=0; while ((n = fread(data, 1, sizeof(data), file)) > 0) { d+=send(ts, data, n, 0); i+=n; } printf("%i=%i=%i\n", length,i,d); fclose(file);

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• Error inserting data in binary tree

  - by chepe263

  I copied this code (in spanish) http://www.elrincondelc.com/nuevorincon/index.php?pag=codigos&id=4 and wrote a new one. This is my code: #include <cstdlib> #include <conio.h> #include <iostream> using namespace std; struct nodoarbol { int dato; struct nodoarbol *izq; struct nodoarbol *der; }; typedef nodoarbol Nodo; typedef Nodo *Arbol; void insertar(Arbol *, int); void inorden(Arbol); void postorden(Arbol); void preorden(Arbol); void insertar(Arbol *raiz, int nuevo){ if (*raiz==NULL){ *raiz = (Nodo *)malloc(sizeof(Nodo)); if (*raiz != NULL){ (*raiz)->dato=nuevo; (*raiz)->der=NULL; (*raiz)->izq=NULL; } else{ cout<<"No hay memoria suficiente u ocurrio un error"; } } else{ if (nuevo < (*raiz)->dato) insertar( &((*raiz)->izq), nuevo ); else if (nuevo > (*raiz)->dato) insertar(&((*raiz)->der), nuevo); } }//inseertar void inorden(Arbol raiz){ if (raiz != NULL){ inorden(raiz->izq); cout << raiz->dato << " "; inorden(raiz->der); } } void preorden(Arbol raiz){ if (raiz != NULL){ cout<< raiz->dato << " "; preorden(raiz->izq); preorden(raiz->der); } } void postorden(Arbol raiz){ if (raiz!=NULL){ postorden(raiz->izq); postorden(raiz->der); cout<<raiz->dato<<" "; } } int main() { int i; i=0; int val; Arbol raiz = NULL; for (i=0; i<10; i++){ cout<<"Inserte un numero"; cin>>val; insertar( (raiz), val); } cout<<"\nPreorden\n"; preorden(raiz); cout<<"\nIneorden\n"; inorden(raiz); cout<<"\nPostorden\n"; postorden(raiz); return 0; } I'm using netbeans 7.1.1, mingw32 compiler This is the output: make[2]: Leaving directory `/q/netbeans c++/NetBeansProjects/treek' make[1]: Leaving directory `/q/netbeans c++/NetBeansProjects/treek' main.cpp: In function 'int main()': main.cpp:110:30: error: cannot convert 'Arbol {aka nodoarbol*}' to 'Nodo** {aka nodoarbol**}' for argument '1' to 'void insertar(Nodo**, int)' make[2]: *** [build/Release/MinGW-Windows/main.o] Error 1 make[1]: *** [.build-conf] Error 2 make: *** [.build-impl] Error 2 BUILD FAILED (exit value 2, total time: 11s) I don't understand what's wrong since i just copied the code (and rewrite it to my own code). I'm really good in php, asp.net (vb) and other languages but c is a headche for me. I've been struggling with this problem for about an hour. Could somebody tell me what could it be?

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