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• what is the best practice approach for n-tier application development with entity framework?

  - by samsur

  I am building an application using entity framework. I am using the T4 template to generate self tracking entities. Currently, I am thinking of creating the entity framework code in a separate project. In this same project, I would have partial classes with additional methods for the entities. I am thinking of creating a separate project for a service layer (WCF) with methods for the upper/presentation tier. The WCF layer will reference the entity framework project. The methods in the WCF layer will return the entities or accept the entities as the parameters. I am thinkg of creating a third project for the presentation layer (ASP.net), this will make calls to the WCF service but will also need to reference the entities as the WCF methods take these types as the parameters/return types. In short, i want to use the STE entities generated by the T4 template as a DTO to be used in all layers. I was originally thinking of creating a business logic layer that maps to each entities. Example: If i have a customer class, the Business Layer would have a CustomerBLL class and then methods in the customerBLL will be used by the service layer. I was also trying to create a DTO in this business layer. I however found that this approach is very time consuming and i do not see a major benefit as it would create more maintenance work. What is the best practice for n-tier application development using entity framework 4?

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• Visual Studio: Collapse Methods, but not Comments (Summary etc.)

  - by Alex

  Hello, is there a way (settings? "macro"? extension?) that I can simply toggle outlining so that only the using section and my methods collapse to their signature line, but my comments (summary and double slash comments) and classes stay expanded? Examples: 1) Uncollapsed using System; using MachineGun; namespace Animals { /// <summary> /// Angry animal /// Pretty Fast, too /// </summary> public partial class Lion { // // Dead or Alive public Boolean Alive; /// <summary> /// Bad bite /// </summary> public PieceOfAnimal Bite(Animal animalToBite) { return animalToBite.Shoulder; } /// <summary> /// Fatal bite /// </summary> public PieceOfAnimal Kill(Animal animalToKill) { return animalToKill.Head; } } } 2) Collapsed (the following is my desired result): using[...] namespace Animals { /// <summary> /// Angry animal /// Pretty Fast, too /// </summary> public partial class Lion { // // Dead or Alive public Boolean Alive; /// <summary> /// Bad bite /// </summary> public PieceOfAnimal Bite(Animal animalToBite)[...] /// <summary> /// Fatal bite /// </summary> public PieceOfAnimal Kill(Animal animalToKill)[...] } } This is how I prefer seeing my class files (the collapsed form). I've been doing the collapsing by hand a million times by now and I think there should be a way to automate/customize/extend VS to do it the way I want? Every time I debug/hit a breakpoint, it uncollapses and messes up things. If I collapse via the context menu's collapse to outline etc. it also collapses my comments which isn't desired. Appreciate your help!

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• Display latest date from a HTML attribute

  - by Tron

  I currently have several classes which contain a date inside an attribute. <div id="container"> <div class="date" date="19/11/2013"></div> <div class="date" date="06/11/2013"></div> </div> <div id="result"></div> What I would like to do, is find the latest date and display it on the page. So far, I've found the information in the attribute, checked that it doesn't exist in the array then and pushed it into an array. I'm not entirely sure of the best approach from here, but ideally i would like to find the latest date and then append it to the results container. $('.date').each(function () { var dateArray = []; var date = $(this).attr('date'); if ($.inArray(date, dateArray) == -1) { dateArray.push(date); } $('#result').append(dateArray); }); Any assistance on the above would be greatly appreciated. Thanks :)

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• jtable update data not visible

  - by Thomas n

  I am running into a problem similar to what I have read here about inserted data and added data not showing up on jtable. I have tried repaint() and revalidate(), but to no avail. Basically, I have two classes say A and B. A calls a function in class B to add a row of data to the table. Here is the code.(By the way I am using Netbeans 7.1.2 to add a table and then add some code to handle the update.) public void callUpdateTable(){ DefaultTableModel myModel = (DefaultTableModel)jTable1.getModel(); DateFormat dateFormate = new SimpleDateFormat("MM/dd/yyyy HH:mm:ss"); Object[] str = new Object[3]; Date date = new Date(); str[0] = dateFormate.format(date); str[1] = "Robot"; str[2] = "hello"; // myModel.addRow(str); myModel.insertRow(1, str); myModel.setValueAt("Hello", 1, 2); System.out.println("count = " + myModel.getValueAt(1, 2)); jTable1.repaint(); } The funny thing is on system print it prints out the value at the cell(1,2) I set the value, but doesn't show up on the table. Thank you for your help.

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• Immutability and shared references - how to reconcile?

  - by davetron5000

  Consider this simplified application domain: Criminal Investigative database Person is anyone involved in an investigation Report is a bit of info that is part of an investigation A Report references a primary Person (the subject of an investigation) A Report has accomplices who are secondarily related (and could certainly be primary in other investigations or reports These classes have ids that are used to store them in a database, since their info can change over time (e.g. we might find new aliases for a person, or add persons of interest to a report) If these are stored in some sort of database and I wish to use immutable objects, there seems to be an issue regarding state and referencing. Supposing that I change some meta-data about a Person. Since my Person objects immutable, I might have some code like: class Person( val id:UUID, val aliases:List[String], val reports:List[Report]) { def addAlias(name:String) = new Person(id,name :: aliases,reports) } So that my Person with a new alias becomes a new object, also immutable. If a Report refers to that person, but the alias was changed elsewhere in the system, my Report now refers to the "old" person, i.e. the person without the new alias. Similarly, I might have: class Report(val id:UUID, val content:String) { /** Adding more info to our report */ def updateContent(newContent:String) = new Report(id,newContent) } Since these objects don't know who refers to them, it's not clear to me how to let all the "referrers" know that there is a new object available representing the most recent state. This could be done by having all objects "refresh" from a central data store and all operations that create new, updated, objects store to the central data store, but this feels like a cheesy reimplementation of the underlying language's referencing. i.e. it would be more clear to just make these "secondary storable objects" mutable. So, if I add an alias to a Person, all referrers see the new value without doing anything. How is this dealt with when we want to avoid mutability, or is this a case where immutability is not helpful?

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• C++ Dynamic object construction

  - by Rajesh Subramanian

  I have a base class, class Msg { ParseMsg() { ParseMsgData(); ParseTrailer(); } virtual void ParseMsgData() = 0; ParseTrailer(); }; and derived classes, class InitiateMsg { void ParseMsgData() { ... } }; class ReadOperationMsg { void ParseMsgData() { ... } }; class WriteOperationMsg { void ParseMsgData() { ... } }; and the scenario is below, void UsageFunction(string data) { Msg* msg = ParseHeader(data); ParseMsg } Msg* ParseHeader(string data) { Msg *msg = NULL; .... switch() { case 1: msg = new InitiateMsg(); break; case 2: msg = new ReadOperationMsg{(); break; case 3: msg = new WriteOperationMsg{(); break; .... } return msg; } based on the data ParseHeader method will decide which object has to be created, So I have implemented ParseHeader function outside the class where I am using. How can I make the ParseHeader function inside the Msg class and then use it? In C# the same is achieved by defining ParseHeader method as static with in class and use it from outside,

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• How to embed revision information using mercurial and maven (and svn)

  - by Zwei Steinen

  Our project had a nice hack (although I'm guessing there are better ways to do it) to embed revision information into the artifacts (jar etc.) when we used svn. Now we have migrated to mercurial, and we want to have a similar thing, but before I start working on a similar hack with mercurial, I wanted to know if there are better ways to do this. Thanks for your answers! <plugin> <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId> <artifactId>exec-maven-plugin</artifactId> <executions> <execution> <phase>process-classes</phase> <id>svninfo</id> <goals> <goal>exec</goal> </goals> <configuration> <executable>svn</executable> <arguments> <argument>info</argument> <argument>../</argument> <argument>></argument> <argument>target/some-project/META-INF/svninfo.txt</argument> </arguments> </configuration> </execution> </executions> </plugin>

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• Pass object or id

  - by Charles

  This is just a question about best practices. Imagine you have a method that takes one parameter. This parameter is the id of an object. Ideally, I would like to be able to pass either the object's id directly, or just the object itself. What is the most elegant way to do this? I came up with the following: def method_name object object_id = object.to_param.to_i ### do whatever needs to be done with that object_id end So, if the parameter already is an id, it just pretty much stays the same; if it's an object, it gets its id. This works, but I feel like this could be better. Also, to_param returns a string, which could in some cases return a "real" string (i.e. "string" instead of "2"), hence returning 0 upon calling to_i on it. This could happen, for example, when using the friendly id gem for classes. Active record offers the same functionality. It doesn't matter if you say: Table.where(user_id: User.first.id) # pass in id or Table.where(user_id: User.first) # pass in object and infer id How do they do it? What is the best approach to achieve this effect?

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• How to "wrap" implementation in C#

  - by igor

  Hello, I have these classes in C# (.NET Framework 3.5) described below: public class Base { public int State {get; set;} public virtual int Method1(){} public virtual string Method2(){} ... public virtual void Method10(){} } public class B: Base { // some implementation } public class Proxy: Base { private B _b; public class Proxy(B b) { _b = b; } public override int Method1() { if (State == Running) return _b.Method1(); else return base.Method1(); } public override string Method2() { if (State == Running) return _b.Method2(); else return base.Method2(); } public override void Method10() { if (State == Running) _b.Method10(); else base.Method10(); } } I want to get something this: public Base GetStateDependentImplementation() { if (State == Running) // may be some other rule return _b; else return base; // compile error } and my Proxy's implementation will be: public class Proxy: Base { ... public override int Method1() { return GetStateDependentImplementation().Method1(); } public override string Method2() { return GetStateDependentImplementation().Method2(); } ... } Of course, I can do this (aggregation of base implementation): public RepeaterOfBase: Base // no any overrides, just inheritance { } public class Proxy: Base { private B _b; private RepeaterOfBase _Base; public class Proxy(B b, RepeaterOfBase aBase) { _b = b; _base = aBase; } } ... public Base GetStateDependentImplementation() { if (State == Running) return _b; else return _Base; } ... But instance of Base class is very huge and I have to avoid to have other additional copy in memory. So I have to simplify my code have to "wrap" implementation have to avoid a code duplication have to avoid aggregation of any additional instance of Base class (duplication) Is it possible to reach these goals?

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• How do I put all the types matching a particular C# interface in an IDictionary?

  - by Kevin Brassen

  I have a number of classes all in the same interface, all in the same assembly, all conforming to the same generic interface: public class AppleFactory : IFactory<Apple> { ... } public class BananaFactory : IFactory<Banana> { ... } // ... It's safe to assume that if we have an IFactory<T> for a particular T that it's the only one of that kind. (That is, there aren't two things that implement IFactory<Apple>.) I'd like to use reflection to get all these types, and then store them all in an IDictionary, where the key is typeof(T) and the value is the corresponding IFactory<T>. I imagine eventually we would wind up with something like this: _map = new Dictionary<Type, object>(); foreach(Type t in [...]) { object factoryForType = System.Reflection.[???](t); _map[t] = factoryForType; } What's the best way to do that? I'm having trouble seeing how I'd do that with the System.Reflection interfaces.

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• Why should I abstract my data layer?

  - by Gazillion

  OOP principles were difficult for me to grasp because for some reason I could never apply them to web development. As I developed more and more projects I started understanding how some parts of my code could use certain design patterns to make them easier to read, reuse, and maintain so I started to use it more and more. The one thing I still can't quite comprehend is why I should abstract my data layer. Basically if I need to print a list of items stored in my DB to the browser I do something along the lines of: $sql = 'SELECT * FROM table WHERE type = "type1"';' $result = mysql_query($sql); while($row = mysql_fetch_assoc($result)) { echo '<li>'.$row['name'].'</li>'; } I'm reading all these How-Tos or articles preaching about the greatness of PDO but I don't understand why. I don't seem to be saving any LoCs and I don't see how it would be more reusable because all the functions that I call above just seem to be encapsulated in a class but do the exact same thing. The only advantage I'm seeing to PDO are prepared statements. I'm not saying data abstraction is a bad thing, I'm asking these questions because I'm trying to design my current classes correctly and they need to connect to a DB so I figured I'd do this the right way. Maybe I'm just reading bad articles on the subject :) I would really appreciate any advice, links, or concrete real-life examples on the subject!

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• How does a java compiler resolve a non-imported name

  - by gexicide

  Consider I use a type X in my java compilation unit from package foo.bar and X is not defined in the compilation unit itself nor is it directly imported. How does a java compiler resolve X now efficiently? There are a few possibilities where X could reside: X might be imported via a star import a.b.* X might reside in the same package as the compilation unit X might be a language type, i.e. reside in java.lang The problem I see is especially (2.). Since X might be a package-private type, it is not even required that X resides in a compilation unit that is named X.java. Thus, the compiler must look into all entries of the class path and search for any classes in a package foo.bar, it then must read every class that is in package foo.bar to check whether X is included. That sounds very expensive. Especially when I compile only a single file, the compiler has to read dozens of class files only to find a type X. If I use a lot of star imports, this procedure has to be repeated for a lot of types (although class files won't be read twice, of course). So is it advisable to import also types from the same package to speed up the compilation process? Or is there a faster method for resolving an unimported type X which I was not able to find?

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• Map inheritance from generic class in Linq To SQL

  - by Ksenia Mukhortova

  Hi everyone, I'm trying to map my inheritance hierarchy to DB using Linq to SQL: Inheritance is like this, classes are POCO, without any LINQ to SQL attributes: public interface IStage { ... } public abstract class SimpleStage<T> : IStage where T : Process { ... } public class ConcreteStage : SimpleStage<ConcreteProcess> { ... } Here is the mapping: <Database Name="NNN" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/linqtosql/mapping/2007"> <Table Name="dbo.Stage" Member="Stage"> <Type Name="BusinessLogic.Domain.IStage"> <Column Name="ID" Member="ID" DbType="Int NOT NULL IDENTITY" IsPrimaryKey="true" IsDbGenerated="true" AutoSync="OnInsert" /> <Column Name="StageType" Member="StageType" IsDiscriminator="true" /> <Type Name="BusinessLogic.Domain.SimpleStage" IsInheritanceDefault="true"> <Type Name="BusinessLogic.Domain.ConcreteStage" IsInheritanceDefault="true" InheritanceCode="1"/> </Type> </Type> </Table> </Database> In the runtime I get error: System.InvalidOperationException was unhandled Message="Mapping Problem: Cannot find runtime type for type mapping 'BusinessLogic.Domain.SimpleStage'." Neither specifying SimpleStage, nor SimpleStage<T> in mapping file helps - runtime keeps producing different types of errors. DC is created like this: StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(@"MappingFile.map"); XmlMappingSource mapping = XmlMappingSource.FromStream(sr.BaseStream); DataContext dc = new DataContext(@"connection string", mapping); If Linq to SQL doesn't support this, could you, please, advise some other ORM, which does. Thanks in advance, Regards! Ksenia

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• A generic C++ library that provides QtConcurrent functionality?

  - by Lucas

  QtConcurrent is awesome. I'll let the Qt docs speak for themselves: QtConcurrent includes functional programming style APIs for parallel list processing, including a MapReduce and FilterReduce implementation for shared-memory (non-distributed) systems, and classes for managing asynchronous computations in GUI applications. For instance, you give QtConcurrent::map() an iterable sequence and a function that accepts items of the type stored in the sequence, and that function is applied to all the items in the collection. This is done in a multi-threaded manner, with a thread pool equal to the number of logical CPU's on the system. There are plenty of other function in QtConcurrent, like filter(), filteredReduced() etc. The standard CompSci map/reduce functions and the like. I'm totally in love with this, but I'm starting work on an OSS project that will not be using the Qt framework. It's a library, and I don't want to force others to depend on such a large framework like Qt. I'm trying to keep external dependencies to a minimum (it's the decent thing to do). I'm looking for a generic C++ framework that provides me with the same/similar high-level primitives that QtConcurrent does. AFAIK boost has nothing like this (I may be wrong though). boost::thread is very low-level compared to what I'm looking for. I know C# has something very similar with their Parallel Extensions so I know this isn't a Qt-only idea. What do you suggest I use?

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• Improve a regex statement in order to be as efficient as it can be

  - by user551625

  I have a PHP program that, at some point, needs to analyze a big amount of HTML+javascript text to parse info. All I want to parse needs to be in two parts. Seperate all "HTML goups" to parse Parse each HTML group to get the needed information. In the 1st parse it needs to find: <div id="myHome" And start capturing after that tag. Then stop capturing before <span id="nReaders" And capture the number that comes after this tag and stop. In the 2nd parse use the capture nº 1 (0 has the whole thing and 2 has the number) from the parse made before and then find . I already have code to do that and it works. Is there a way to improve this, make it easier for the machine to parse? preg_match_all('%<div id="myHome"[^>]>(.*?)<span id="nReaders[^>]>([0-9]+)<"%msi', $data, $results, PREG_SET_ORDER); foreach($results AS $result){ preg_match_all('%<div class="myplacement".*?[.]php[?]((?:next|before))=([0-9]+).*?<tbody.*?<td[^>]>.*?[0-9]+"%msi', $result[1], $mydata, PREG_SET_ORDER); //takes care of the data and finish the program Note: I need this for a freeware program so it must be as general as possible and, if possible, not use php extensions ADD: I ommitted some parts here because I didn't expect for answers like those. There is also a need to parse text inside one of the tags that is in the document. It may be the 6th 7th or 8th tag but I know it is after a certain tag. The parser I've checked (thx profitphp) does work to find the script tag. What now? There are more than 1 tag with the same class. I want them all. But I want only with also one of a list of classes..... Where can I find instructions and demos and limitations of DOM parsers (like the one in http://simplehtmldom.sourceforge.net/)? I need something that will work on, at least, a big amount of free servers.

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• Why strings behave like ValueType

  - by AJP

  I was perplexed after executing this piece of code, where strings seems to behave as if they are value types. I am wondering whether the assignment operator is operating on values like equality operator for strings. Here is the piece of code I did to test this behavior. using System; namespace RefTypeDelimma { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { string a1, a2; a1 = "ABC"; a2 = a1; //This should assign a1 reference to a2 a2 = "XYZ"; //I expect this should change the a1 value to "XYZ" Console.WriteLine("a1:" + a1 + ", a2:" + a2);//Outputs a1:ABC, a2:XYZ //Expected: a1:XYZ, a2:XYZ (as string being a ref type) Proc(a2); //Altering values of ref types inside a procedure //should reflect in the variable thats being passed into Console.WriteLine("a1: " + a1 + ", a2: " + a2); //Outputs a1:ABC, a2:XYZ //Expected: a1:NEW_VAL, a2:NEW_VAL (as string being a ref type) } static void Proc(string Val) { Val = "NEW_VAL"; } } } In the above code if I use a custom classes instead of strings, I am getting the expected behavior. I doubt is this something to do with the string immutability? welcoming expert views on this.

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• Refer to a Spark view component in code

  - by David

  I'm building a mobile AIR app using Flash Builder 4.5. The initial view in my views package is TestHomeView.mxml. I want to refer to it in one of my .as classes elsewhere in the app, and I'm not sure how to do that. Theoretically I should be able to add an "id" attribute to TestHomeView.mxml, but FB gives me an error: "id is not allowed on the root tag of a component". The root tag is s:view. The reason I need to do this is that within another class I make various calculations and then need to pass an array of values to a component in my view class. So in SomeOtherActionScriptClass.as I first assemble the array, myArray, and then in that class I want to do this: myViewComponent.viewArray = myArray; If I'm going to do that, I also need to import the view class into the .as class, which strikes me as weird. So is there a simple way to do what I want, or do I have to dispatch a custom event which contains the array, and listen for it in the view class? Thanks.

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• How can I take advantage of IObservable/IObserver to get rid of my "god object"?

  - by Will

  In a system I'm currently working on, I have many components which are defined as interfaces and base classes. Each part of the system has some specific points where they interact with other parts of the system. For example, the data readying component readies some data which eventually needs to go to the data processing portion, the communications component needs to query different components for their status for relaying to the outside, etc. Currently, I glue these parts of the system together using a "god object", or an object with intimate knowledge of different parts of the system. It registers with events over here and shuttles the results to methods over there, creates a callback method here and returns the result of that method over there, and passes many requests through a multi-threaded queue for processing because it "knows" certain actions have to run on STA threads, etc. While its convenient, it concerns me that this one type knows so much about how everybody else in the system is designed. I'd much prefer a more generic hub that can be given instances which can expose events or methods or callbacks or that can consume these. I've been seeing more about the IObservable/IObserver features of the reactive framework and that are being rolled into .NET 4.0 (I believe). Can I leverage this pattern to help replace my "god object"? How should I go about doing this? Are there any resources for using this pattern for this specific purpose?

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• c++ specialized overload?

  - by acidzombie24

  -edit- i am trying to close the question. i solved the problem with boost::is_base_and_derived In my class i want to do two things. 1) Copy int, floats and other normal values 2) Copy structs that supply a special copy function (template T copyAs(); } the struct MUST NOT return int's unless i explicitly say ints. I do not want the programmer mistaking the mistake by doing int a = thatClass; -edit- someone mention classes dont return anything, i mean using the operator Type() overload. How do i create my copy operator in such a way i can copy both 1) ints, floats etc and the the struct restricted in the way i mention in 2). i tried doing template <class T2> T operator = (const T2& v); which would cover my ints, floats etc. But how would it differentiate from structs? so i wrote T operator = (const SomeGenericBase& v); The idea was the GenericBase would be unsed instead then i can do v.Whatever. But that backfires bc the functions i want wouldnt exist, unless i use virtual, but virtual templates dont exist. Also i would hate to use virtual I think the solution is to get rid of ints and have it convert to something that can do .as(). So i wrote something up but now i have the same problem, how does that differentiate ints and structs that have the .as() function template?

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• "Abstract static" method - how?

  - by polyglot

  There are already several SO questions on why there is not abstract static method/field as such, but I'm wondering about how one would go about implementing the following psuedo-code: class Animal { abstract static int getNumberOfLegs(); // not possible } class Chicken inherits Animal { static int getNumberOfLegs() { return 2; } class Dog inherits Animal { static int getNumberOfLegs() { return 4; } Here is the problem: Assuming that I want make sure that every class that inherits Animal to contain getNumberOfLegs() method (i.e. almost like an interface, except I do want the abstract class to implement several methods that are common to all child classes, hence pure interface does not work here). getNumberOfLegs() obviously should be a static method (assuming that in a perfect world we dont' have crippled chicken and dogs so getNumberOfLegs is not instance-dependent). Without an "abstract static" method/field, one can either leave the method out from Animal class, then there is the risk that some child class do not have that method. Or one can make getNumberOfLegs an instance method, but then one would have to instantiate a class to find out how many legs that animal has - even though it is not necessary. How do one usually go about implementing this situation?

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• Activator.CreateInstance uses a huge amount of memory

  - by Marco

  I have been playing a bit with Silverlight and try to port my Silverlight 3.0 application to Silverlight 4.0. My application loads different XAP files and upon a user request create an instance of a Xaml user control and adds it to the main container, in a sort of MEF approach in order I can have an extensible and pluggable application. The application is pretty huge and to keep acceptable the performances and the initial loading I have built up some helper classes to load in the background all pages and user controls that might be used later on. On Silverlight 3.0 everything was running smoothly without any problem so far. Switching to SL 4.0 I have noticed that when the process approaches to create the instances of the user controls using Activator.CreateInstance, the layout freezes unexpectedly for a minute and sometimes for more. Looking at the task manager the memory usage of IE jumps from 50MB to 400MB and sometimes to 1.5 GB. If the process won't take that much the layout is rendered properly and the memory falls back to 50 MB. Otherwise everything crashes due to out of memory exeption. Does anybody encountered the same problem? Or has anybody a solution about this tricky issue?

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• What is an interface in C (COM) is it the same as a interface in C#

  - by numerical25

  Ok, I know what a interface is, but since I got into C and working with COM objects, it seems an interface in COM is a little different from the interface I know of. So what I am trying to do is bridge the gaps here cause since I been learning C, alot of things have been sounding very familiar to me but are not exactly what they seem. The interface I know of are like contracts. They are objects that have only method declarations, with no body. All classes that implement an interface must include the methods of the interface. The interface I hear about in COM seems to be just pointers. They can not retrieve objects directly but only can retrieve objects through the means of a method. Is this what a COM Interface is ?? If so, then why did they give them the same names if they are completely different. Also I just wanted to add that headers in C++ kind of remind me of the C# Interfaces. Not sure if their are any relations. But anyways, I am just trying to clear that up.

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• In Java, is there a performance gain in using interfaces for complex models?

  - by Gnoupi

  The title is hardly understandable, but I'm not sure how to summarize that another way. Any edit to clarify is welcome. I have been told, and recommended to use interfaces to improve performances, even in a case which doesn't especially call for the regular "interface" role. In this case, the objects are big models (in a MVC meaning), with many methods and fields. The "good use" that has been recommended to me is to create an interface, with its unique implementation. There won't be any other class implementing this interface, for sure. I have been told that this is better to do so, because it "exposes less" (or something close) to the other classes which will use methods from this class, as these objects are referring to the object from its interface (all public methods from the implementation being reproduced in the interface). This seems quite strange to me, as it seems like a C++ use to me (with header files). There I see the point, but in Java? Is there really a point in making an interface for such unique implementation? I would really appreciate some clarifications on the topic, so I could justify not following such kind of behavior, and the hassle it creates from duplicating all declarations. Edit: Plenty of valid points in most answers, I'm wondering if I won't switch this question for a community wiki, so we can regroup these points in more structured answers.

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• java: assigning object reference IDs for custom serialization

  - by Jason S

  For various reasons I have a custom serialization where I am dumping some fairly simple objects to a data file. There are maybe 5-10 classes, and the object graphs that result are acyclic and pretty simple (each serialized object has 1 or 2 references to another that are serialized). For example: class Foo { final private long id; public Foo(long id, /* other stuff */) { ... } } class Bar { final private long id; final private Foo foo; public Bar(long id, Foo foo, /* other stuff */) { ... } } class Baz { final private long id; final private List<Bar> barList; public Baz(long id, List<Bar> barList, /* other stuff */) { ... } } The id field is just for the serialization, so that when I am serializing to a file, I can write objects by keeping a record of which IDs have been serialized so far, then for each object checking whether its child objects have been serialized and writing the ones that haven't, finally writing the object itself by writing its data fields and the IDs corresponding to its child objects. What's puzzling me is how to assign id's. I thought about it, and it seems like there are three cases for assigning an ID: dynamically-created objects -- id is assigned from a counter that increments reading objects from disk -- id is assigned from the number stored in the disk file singleton objects -- object is created prior to any dynamically-created object, to represent a singleton object that is always present. How can I handle these properly? I feel like I'm reinventing the wheel and there must be a well-established technique for handling all the cases.

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• Debugging scripts loaded with GroovyShell (in eclipse)

  - by MSh

  I am working with eclipse and groovy plug in. I am building a test harness to debug and test groovy scripts. The scripts are really simple but long, most of them just if/else/return. I figured out that I can call them using GroovyShell and Bindings to pass in the values. The problem is that, while I can call the script and get the results just fine, I CAN NOT step in there with the debugger. Breakpoints in those scripts are not active. Is there a way to debug the scripts? Maybe I should use something other than GroovyShell? I really don't want to modify the scripts by wrapping them into functions, and then calling those functions from my test classes. That's how I am using Binding and GroovyShell: def binding = new Binding(); binding.lineList = [list1]; binding.count = 5; def shell = new GroovyShell(binding); def result = shell.evaluate(new File("src/Rules/checkLimit.groovy"));

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