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  • compareTo() method java is acting weird

    - by Ron Paul
    hi im having trouble getting this to work im getting an error here with my object comparison...how could I cast the inches to a string ( i never used compare to with anything other than strings) , or use comparison operators to compare the intigers, Object comparison = this.inches.compareTo(obj.inches); here is my code so far import java.io.*; import java.util.*; import java.lang.Integer; import java.lang.reflect.Array; public class Distance implements Comparable<Distance> { private static final String HashCodeUtil = null; private int feet; private int inches; private final int DEFAULT_FT = 1; private final int DEFAULT_IN = 1; public Distance(){ feet = DEFAULT_FT; inches = DEFAULT_IN; } public Distance(int ft, int in){ feet = ft; inches = in; } public void setFeet(int ft){ try { if(ft<0){ throw new CustomException("Distance is not negative"); } } catch(CustomException c){ System.err.println(c); feet =ft; } } public int getFeet(){ return feet; } public void setInches(int in){ try { if (in<0) throw new CustomException("Distance is not negative"); //inches = in; } catch(CustomException c) { System.err.println(c); inches = in; } } public int getInches(){ return inches; } public String toString (){ return "<" + feet + ":" + inches + ">"; } public Distance add(Distance m){ Distance n = new Distance(); n.inches = this.inches + m.inches; n.feet = this.feet + m.feet; while(n.inches>12){ n.inches = n.inches - 12; n.feet++; } return n; } public Distance subtract(Distance f){ Distance m = new Distance(); m.inches = this.inches - f.inches; m.feet = this.feet - f.feet; while(m.inches<0){ m.inches = m.inches - 12; feet--; } return m; } @Override public int compareTo(Distance obj) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub final int BEFORE = -1; final int EQUAL = 0; final int AFTER = 1; if (this == obj) return EQUAL; if(this.DEFAULT_IN < obj.DEFAULT_FT) return BEFORE; if(this.DEFAULT_IN > obj.DEFAULT_FT) return AFTER; Object comparison = this.inches.compareTo(obj.inches); if (this.inches == obj.inches) return compareTo(null); assert this.equals(obj) : "compareTo inconsistent with equals"; return EQUAL; } @Override public boolean equals( Object obj){ if (obj != null) return false; if (!(obj intanceof Distance)) return false; Distance that = (Distance)obj; ( this.feet == that.feet && this.inches == that.inches); return true; else return false; } @Override public int hashCode(int, int) { int result = HashCodeUtil.inches; result = HashCodeUtil.hash(result, inches ); result = HashCodeUtil.hash(result, feet); ruturn result; }

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  • Strange behaviour of CUDA kernel

    - by username_4567
    I'm writing code for calculating prefix sum. Here is my kernel __global__ void prescan(int *indata,int *outdata,int n,long int *sums) { extern __shared__ int temp[]; int tid=threadIdx.x; int offset=1,start_id,end_id; int *global_sum=&temp[n+2]; if(tid==0) { temp[n]=blockDim.x*blockIdx.x; temp[n+1]=blockDim.x*(blockIdx.x+1)-1; start_id=temp[n]; end_id=temp[n+1]; //cuPrintf("Value of start %d and end %d\n",start_id,end_id); } __syncthreads(); start_id=temp[n]; end_id=temp[n+1]; temp[tid]=indata[start_id+tid]; temp[tid+1]=indata[start_id+tid+1]; for(int d=n>>1;d>0;d>>=1) { __syncthreads(); if(tid<d) { int ai=offset*(2*tid+1)-1; int bi=offset*(2*tid+2)-1; temp[bi]+=temp[ai]; } offset*=2; } if(tid==0) { sums[blockIdx.x]=temp[n-1]; temp[n-1]=0; cuPrintf("sums %d\n",sums[blockIdx.x]); } for(int d=1;d<n;d*=2) { offset>>=1; __syncthreads(); if(tid<d) { int ai=offset*(2*tid+1)-1; int bi=offset*(2*tid+2)-1; int t=temp[ai]; temp[ai]=temp[bi]; temp[bi]+=t; } } __syncthreads(); if(tid==0) { outdata[start_id]=0; } __threadfence_block(); __syncthreads(); outdata[start_id+tid]=temp[tid]; outdata[start_id+tid+1]=temp[tid+1]; __syncthreads(); if(tid==0) { temp[0]=0; outdata[start_id]=0; } __threadfence_block(); __syncthreads(); if(blockIdx.x==0 && threadIdx.x==0) { for(int i=1;i<gridDim.x;i++) { sums[i]=sums[i]+sums[i-1]; } } __syncthreads(); __threadfence(); if(blockIdx.x==0 && threadIdx.x==0) { for(int i=0;i<gridDim.x;i++) { cuPrintf("****sums[%d]=%d ",i,sums[i]); } } __syncthreads(); __threadfence(); if(blockIdx.x!=gridDim.x-1) { int tid=(blockIdx.x+1)*blockDim.x+threadIdx.x; if(threadIdx.x==0) cuPrintf("Adding %d \n",sums[blockIdx.x]); outdata[tid]+=sums[blockIdx.x]; } __syncthreads(); } In above kernel, sums array will accumulate prefix sum per block and and then first thread will calculate prefix sum of this sum array. Now if I print this sum array from device side it'll show correct results while in cuPrintf("Adding %d \n",sums[blockIdx.x]); this line it prints that it is taking old value. What could be the reason?

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  • (This is for a project, so yes it is homework) How would I finish this java code?

    - by user2924318
    The task is to create arrays using user input (which I was able to do), then for the second part, use a separate method to sort the array in ascending order then output it. I have gotten it to do everything I need except I don't know how I would get it to sort. The directions say to use a while loop from 0 to the length to find the minimum value then swap that with the 1st, but I don't know how to do this. This is what I have so far: public static void main(String[] args) { Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in); int storage = getNumDigits(in); if(storage == 0){ System.out.print("No digits to store? OK, goodbye!"); System.exit(0); } int []a = new int [storage]; a = getDigits(a, in); displayDigits(a); selectionSort(a); } private static int getNumDigits(Scanner inScanner) { System.out.print("Please enter the number of digits to be stored: "); int stored = inScanner.nextInt(); while(stored < 0){ System.out.println("ERROR! You must enter a non-negative number of digits!"); System.out.println(); System.out.print("Please enter the number of digits to be stored: "); stored = inScanner.nextInt(); } return stored; } private static int[] getDigits(int[] digits, Scanner inScanner) { int length = digits.length; int count = 0; int toBeStored = 0; while(count < length){ System.out.print("Enter integer " +count +": "); toBeStored = inScanner.nextInt(); digits[count] = toBeStored; count++; } return digits; } private static void displayDigits(int[] digits) { int len = digits.length; System.out.println(); System.out.println("Array before sorting:"); System.out.println("Number of digits in array: " +len); System.out.print("Digits in array: "); for(int cnt = 0; cnt < len-1; cnt++){ System.out.print(digits[cnt] + ", "); } System.out.println(digits[len-1]); } private static void selectionSort(int[] digits) { int l = digits.length; System.out.println(); System.out.println("Array after sorting:"); System.out.println("Number of digits in array: " +l); System.out.print("Digits in array: "); int index = 0; int value = digits[0]; int indVal = digits[index]; while(index < l){ indVal = digits[index]; if(indVal <= value){ indVal = value; digits[index] = value; index++; } else if(value < indVal){ index++; } System.out.print(value); //This is where I don't know what to do. } }

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  • How to use multiple variables in time calculator c#

    - by Peter O'Dwyer
    I am building a video time calculator and need to use the number of frames instead of milliseconds. e.g 25FPS HH:MM:SS:FR 00:00:10:24 <-- Last frame of 10 seconds 00:00:11:00 <-- First frame of 11 seconds My problem is that if the start frames are lower than my end frames it can't calculate the time. 00:00:10:05 <-- Start 01:00:10:10 <-- End 00:59:59:05 <-- Answer which I can't get!! HERE'S MY CODE string Startdate = Dur_txtStart.Text; string Enddate = Dur_txtEnd.Text; string Startdate1 = Startdate.Substring(0, 8); int Startframe1 = Convert.ToInt32(Startdate.Substring(9, 2)); string Startdate2 = Enddate.Substring(0, 8); int Startframe2= Convert.ToInt32(Enddate.Substring(9, 2)); TimeSpan diff = DateTime.Parse(Startdate2).Subtract(DateTime.Parse(Startdate1)); int frameDiff = Startframe2 - Startframe1; int Hour = Convert.ToInt32(diff.Hours); int Min = Convert.ToInt32(diff.Minutes); int Sec = Convert.ToInt32(diff.Seconds); if (frameDiff < 0 && Sec > 0) { Sec -= 1; string frameDiffBuild = string.Format("{0}:{1}:{2}:{3}",Hour.ToString("D2"), Min.ToString("D2"), Sec.ToString("D2"), (Convert.ToInt32(Dur_txtFPS.Text + frameDiff)).ToString("D2")); Dur_txtOutTime.Text = frameDiffBuild; } else { string frameDiffBuild = string.Format("{0}:{1}:{2}:{3}",Hour.ToString("D2"), Min.ToString("D2"), Sec.ToString("D2"), frameDiff.ToString("D2")); Dur_txtOutTime.Text = frameDiffBuild; } Hope you can help guys my head is mashed!

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  • Knight movement.... " how to output all possible moves. "

    - by josh kant
    The following is the code i wrote.. I have to write it for nXn but for easyness i tried to test it for 5X5. It does not display my output... could anybody tell me whats wrong with the following code: { #include <iostream> #include <iomanip> using namespace std; void knight ( int startx, int starty, int n, int p[][5], int used [][5], int &count); int main ( ) { const int n = 5; // no. of cloumns and rows int startx = 0; int starty = 0; int p[5][5]; int used[5][5]; int count = 1; int i= 0; int j = 0; //initializing the array for ( i = 0; i < 5; i++) { for ( j = 0; j < 5; j++) { p[i][j] = 0; used [i][j] = 0; } } //outputting the initialized array.. i=0; while ( i< 5) { for ( j = 0; j < 5; j++) { cout << setw(3) << p[i][j]; } i++; cout << endl; } knight (startx,starty,n,p,used,count); return 0; } void knight ( int x, int y, int n, int p[][5], int used [][5], int &count) { int i = 0; //knight (x,y,n,p,used,count) for ( i = 0; i < n*n; i++) { if ( used [x][y] == 0 ) { used[x][y] = 1; // mark it used; p[x][y] += count; //inserting step no. into the solution //go for the next possible steps; //move 1 //2 squares up and 1 to the left if (x-1 < 0 && y+2 < n && p[x-1][y+2] == 0) { used[x-1][y+2] = 1; p[x-1][y+2] += count; knight (x-1,y+2,n,p,used,count); used[x-1][y+2] = 0; } //move 2 //2 squares up and 1 to the right if ( x+1 < n && y+2 < n && p[x+1][y+2] == 0 ) { used[x+1][y+2] = 1; p[x+1][y+2] += count; knight (x+1,y+2,n,p,used,count); used[x+1][y+2] = 0; } //move 3 //1 square up and 2 to the right if ( x+2 < n && y+1 < n && p[x+2][y+1] == 0 ) { used[x+2][y+1] = 1; p[x+2][y+1] += count; knight (x+2,y+1,n,p,used,count); used[x+2][y+1] = 0; } //move 4 //1 square down and 2 to the right if ( x+2 < n && y-1 < n && p[x+2][y-1] == 0 ) { used[x+2][y-1] = 1; p[x+2][y-1] += count; knight (x+2,y-1,n,p,used,count); used[x+2][y-1] = 0; } //move 5 //2 squares down and 1 to the right if ( x+1 < n && y-2 < n && p[x+1][y-2] == 0 ) { used[x+1][y-2] = 1; p[x+1][y-2] += count; knight (x+1,y-2,n,p,used,count); used[x+1][y-2] = 0; } //move 6 //2 squares down and 1 to the left if ( x-1 < n && y-2 < n && p[x-1][y-2] == 0 ) { used[x-1][y-2] = 1; p[x-1][y-2] += count; knight (x-1,y-2,n,p,used,count); used[x-1][y-2] = 0; } //move 7 //1 square down and 2 to the left if ( x-2 < n && y-1 < n && p[x-2][y-1] == 0 ) { used[x-2][y-1] = 1; p[x-2][y-1] += count; knight (x-2,y-1,n,p,used,count); used[x-2][y-1] = 0; } //move 8 //one square up and 2 to the left if ( x-2 < n && y+1< n && p[x-2][y+1] == 0 ) { used[x-2][y+1] = 1; p[x-2][y+1] += count; knight (x-2,y+1,n,p,used,count); used[x-2][y+1] = 0; } } } if ( x == n-1 && y == n-1) { while ( i != n) { for ( int j = 0; j < n; j++) cout << setw(3) << p[i][j]; i++; } } } Thank you!!

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  • Cumulative +1/-1 Cointoss crashes on 1000 iterations. Please advise; c++ boost random libraries

    - by user1731972
    following some former advice Multithreaded application, am I doing it right? I think I have a threadsafe number generator using boost, but my program crashes when I input 1000 iterations. The output .csv file when graphed looks right, but I'm not sure why it's crashing. It's using _beginthread, and everyone is telling me I should use the more (convoluted) _beingthreadex, which I'm not familiar with. If someone could recommend an example, I would greatly appreciate it. Also... someone pointed out I should be applying a second parameter to my _beginthread for the array counting start positions, but I have no idea how to pass more than one parameter, other than attempting to use a structure, and I've read structure's and _beginthread don't get along (although, I could just use the boost threads...) #include <process.h> #include <windows.h> #include <iostream> #include <fstream> #include <time.h> #include <random> #include <boost/random.hpp> //for srand48_r(time(NULL), &randBuffer); which doesn't work #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> //#include <thread> using namespace std; using namespace boost; using namespace boost::random; void myThread0 (void *dummy ); void myThread1 (void *dummy ); void myThread2 (void *dummy ); void myThread3 (void *dummy ); //for random seeds void initialize(); //from http://stackoverflow.com/questions/7114043/random-number-generation-in-c11-how-to-generate-how-do-they-work uniform_int_distribution<> two(1,2); typedef std::mt19937 MyRNG; // the Mersenne Twister with a popular choice of parameters uint32_t seed_val; // populate somehow MyRNG rng1; // e.g. keep one global instance (per thread) MyRNG rng2; // e.g. keep one global instance (per thread) MyRNG rng3; // e.g. keep one global instance (per thread) MyRNG rng4; // e.g. keep one global instance (per thread) //only needed for shared variables //CRITICAL_SECTION cs1,cs2,cs3,cs4; // global int main() { ofstream myfile; myfile.open ("coinToss.csv"); int rNum; long numRuns; long count = 0; int divisor = 1; float fHolder = 0; long counter = 0; float percent = 0.0; //? //unsigned threadID; //HANDLE hThread; initialize(); HANDLE hThread[4]; const int size = 100000; int array[size]; printf ("Runs (uses multiple of 100,000) "); cin >> numRuns; for (int a = 0; a < numRuns; a++) { hThread[0] = (HANDLE)_beginthread( myThread0, 0, (void*)(array) ); hThread[1] = (HANDLE)_beginthread( myThread1, 0, (void*)(array) ); hThread[2] = (HANDLE)_beginthread( myThread2, 0, (void*)(array) ); hThread[3] = (HANDLE)_beginthread( myThread3, 0, (void*)(array) ); //waits for threads to finish before continuing WaitForMultipleObjects(4, hThread, TRUE, INFINITE); //closes handles I guess? CloseHandle( hThread[0] ); CloseHandle( hThread[1] ); CloseHandle( hThread[2] ); CloseHandle( hThread[3] ); //dump array into calculations //average array into fHolder //this could be split into threads as well for (int p = 0; p < size; p++) { counter += array[p] == 2 ? 1 : -1; //cout << array[p] << endl; //cout << counter << endl; } //this fHolder calculation didn't work //fHolder = counter / size; //so I had to use this cout << counter << endl; fHolder = counter; fHolder = fHolder / size; myfile << fHolder << endl; } } void initialize() { //seed value needs to be supplied //rng1.seed(seed_val*1); rng1.seed((unsigned int)time(NULL)); rng2.seed(((unsigned int)time(NULL))*2); rng3.seed(((unsigned int)time(NULL))*3); rng4.seed(((unsigned int)time(NULL))*4); }; void myThread0 (void *param) { //EnterCriticalSection(&cs1); //aquire the critical section object int *i = (int *)param; for (int x = 0; x < 25000; x++) { //doesn't work, part of merssene twister //i[x] = next(); i[x] = two(rng1); //original srand //i[x] = rand() % 2 + 1; //doesn't work for some reason. //uint_dist2(rng); //i[x] = qrand() % 2 + 1; //cout << i[x] << endl; } //LeaveCriticalSection(&cs1); // release the critical section object } void myThread1 (void *param) { //EnterCriticalSection(&cs2); //aquire the critical section object int *i = (int *)param; for (int x = 25000; x < 50000; x++) { //param[x] = rand() % 2 + 1; i[x] = two(rng2); //i[x] = rand() % 2 + 1; //cout << i[x] << endl; } //LeaveCriticalSection(&cs2); // release the critical section object } void myThread2 (void *param) { //EnterCriticalSection(&cs3); //aquire the critical section object int *i = (int *)param; for (int x = 50000; x < 75000; x++) { i[x] = two(rng3); //i[x] = rand() % 2 + 1; //cout << i[x] << endl; } //LeaveCriticalSection(&cs3); // release the critical section object } void myThread3 (void *param) { //EnterCriticalSection(&cs4); //aquire the critical section object int *i = (int *)param; for (int x = 75000; x < 100000; x++) { i[x] = two(rng4); //i[x] = rand() % 2 + 1; //cout << i[x] << endl; } //LeaveCriticalSection(&cs4); // release the critical section object }

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  • C#: LINQ vs foreach - Round 1.

    - by James Michael Hare
    So I was reading Peter Kellner's blog entry on Resharper 5.0 and its LINQ refactoring and thought that was very cool.  But that raised a point I had always been curious about in my head -- which is a better choice: manual foreach loops or LINQ?    The answer is not really clear-cut.  There are two sides to any code cost arguments: performance and maintainability.  The first of these is obvious and quantifiable.  Given any two pieces of code that perform the same function, you can run them side-by-side and see which piece of code performs better.   Unfortunately, this is not always a good measure.  Well written assembly language outperforms well written C++ code, but you lose a lot in maintainability which creates a big techncial debt load that is hard to offset as the application ages.  In contrast, higher level constructs make the code more brief and easier to understand, hence reducing technical cost.   Now, obviously in this case we're not talking two separate languages, we're comparing doing something manually in the language versus using a higher-order set of IEnumerable extensions that are in the System.Linq library.   Well, before we discuss any further, let's look at some sample code and the numbers.  First, let's take a look at the for loop and the LINQ expression.  This is just a simple find comparison:       // find implemented via LINQ     public static bool FindViaLinq(IEnumerable<int> list, int target)     {         return list.Any(item => item == target);     }         // find implemented via standard iteration     public static bool FindViaIteration(IEnumerable<int> list, int target)     {         foreach (var i in list)         {             if (i == target)             {                 return true;             }         }           return false;     }   Okay, looking at this from a maintainability point of view, the Linq expression is definitely more concise (8 lines down to 1) and is very readable in intention.  You don't have to actually analyze the behavior of the loop to determine what it's doing.   So let's take a look at performance metrics from 100,000 iterations of these methods on a List<int> of varying sizes filled with random data.  For this test, we fill a target array with 100,000 random integers and then run the exact same pseudo-random targets through both searches.                       List<T> On 100,000 Iterations     Method      Size     Total (ms)  Per Iteration (ms)  % Slower     Any         10       26          0.00046             30.00%     Iteration   10       20          0.00023             -     Any         100      116         0.00201             18.37%     Iteration   100      98          0.00118             -     Any         1000     1058        0.01853             16.78%     Iteration   1000     906         0.01155             -     Any         10,000   10,383      0.18189             17.41%     Iteration   10,000   8843        0.11362             -     Any         100,000  104,004     1.8297              18.27%     Iteration   100,000  87,941      1.13163             -   The LINQ expression is running about 17% slower for average size collections and worse for smaller collections.  Presumably, this is due to the overhead of the state machine used to track the iterators for the yield returns in the LINQ expressions, which seems about right in a tight loop such as this.   So what about other LINQ expressions?  After all, Any() is one of the more trivial ones.  I decided to try the TakeWhile() algorithm using a Count() to get the position stopped like the sample Pete was using in his blog that Resharper refactored for him into LINQ:       // Linq form     public static int GetTargetPosition1(IEnumerable<int> list, int target)     {         return list.TakeWhile(item => item != target).Count();     }       // traditionally iterative form     public static int GetTargetPosition2(IEnumerable<int> list, int target)     {         int count = 0;           foreach (var i in list)         {             if(i == target)             {                 break;             }               ++count;         }           return count;     }   Once again, the LINQ expression is much shorter, easier to read, and should be easier to maintain over time, reducing the cost of technical debt.  So I ran these through the same test data:                       List<T> On 100,000 Iterations     Method      Size     Total (ms)  Per Iteration (ms)  % Slower     TakeWhile   10       41          0.00041             128%     Iteration   10       18          0.00018             -     TakeWhile   100      171         0.00171             88%     Iteration   100      91          0.00091             -     TakeWhile   1000     1604        0.01604             94%     Iteration   1000     825         0.00825             -     TakeWhile   10,000   15765       0.15765             92%     Iteration   10,000   8204        0.08204             -     TakeWhile   100,000  156950      1.5695              92%     Iteration   100,000  81635       0.81635             -     Wow!  I expected some overhead due to the state machines iterators produce, but 90% slower?  That seems a little heavy to me.  So then I thought, well, what if TakeWhile() is not the right tool for the job?  The problem is TakeWhile returns each item for processing using yield return, whereas our for-loop really doesn't care about the item beyond using it as a stop condition to evaluate. So what if that back and forth with the iterator state machine is the problem?  Well, we can quickly create an (albeit ugly) lambda that uses the Any() along with a count in a closure (if a LINQ guru knows a better way PLEASE let me know!), after all , this is more consistent with what we're trying to do, we're trying to find the first occurence of an item and halt once we find it, we just happen to be counting on the way.  This mostly matches Any().       // a new method that uses linq but evaluates the count in a closure.     public static int TakeWhileViaLinq2(IEnumerable<int> list, int target)     {         int count = 0;         list.Any(item =>             {                 if(item == target)                 {                     return true;                 }                   ++count;                 return false;             });         return count;     }     Now how does this one compare?                         List<T> On 100,000 Iterations     Method         Size     Total (ms)  Per Iteration (ms)  % Slower     TakeWhile      10       41          0.00041             128%     Any w/Closure  10       23          0.00023             28%     Iteration      10       18          0.00018             -     TakeWhile      100      171         0.00171             88%     Any w/Closure  100      116         0.00116             27%     Iteration      100      91          0.00091             -     TakeWhile      1000     1604        0.01604             94%     Any w/Closure  1000     1101        0.01101             33%     Iteration      1000     825         0.00825             -     TakeWhile      10,000   15765       0.15765             92%     Any w/Closure  10,000   10802       0.10802             32%     Iteration      10,000   8204        0.08204             -     TakeWhile      100,000  156950      1.5695              92%     Any w/Closure  100,000  108378      1.08378             33%     Iteration      100,000  81635       0.81635             -     Much better!  It seems that the overhead of TakeAny() returning each item and updating the state in the state machine is drastically reduced by using Any() since Any() iterates forward until it finds the value we're looking for -- for the task we're attempting to do.   So the lesson there is, make sure when you use a LINQ expression you're choosing the best expression for the job, because if you're doing more work than you really need, you'll have a slower algorithm.  But this is true of any choice of algorithm or collection in general.     Even with the Any() with the count in the closure it is still about 30% slower, but let's consider that angle carefully.  For a list of 100,000 items, it was the difference between 1.01 ms and 0.82 ms roughly in a List<T>.  That's really not that bad at all in the grand scheme of things.  Even running at 90% slower with TakeWhile(), for the vast majority of my projects, an extra millisecond to save potential errors in the long term and improve maintainability is a small price to pay.  And if your typical list is 1000 items or less we're talking only microseconds worth of difference.   It's like they say: 90% of your performance bottlenecks are in 2% of your code, so over-optimizing almost never pays off.  So personally, I'll take the LINQ expression wherever I can because they will be easier to read and maintain (thus reducing technical debt) and I can rely on Microsoft's development to have coded and unit tested those algorithm fully for me instead of relying on a developer to code the loop logic correctly.   If something's 90% slower, yes, it's worth keeping in mind, but it's really not until you start get magnitudes-of-order slower (10x, 100x, 1000x) that alarm bells should really go off.  And if I ever do need that last millisecond of performance?  Well then I'll optimize JUST THAT problem spot.  To me it's worth it for the readability, speed-to-market, and maintainability.

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  • (Unity)Getting a mirrored mesh from my data structure

    - by Steve
    Here's the background: I'm in the beginning stages of an RTS game in Unity. I have a procedurally generated terrain with a perlin-noise height map, as well as a function to generate a river. The problem is that the graphical creation of the map is taking the data structure of the map and rotating it by 180 degrees. I noticed this problem when i was creating my rivers. I would set the River's height to flat, and noticed that the actual tiles that were flat in the graphical representation were flipped and mirrored. Here's 3 screenshots of the map from different angles: http://imgur.com/a/VLHHq As you can see, if you flipped (graphically) the river by 180 degrees on the z axis, it would fit where the terrain is flattened. I have a suspicion it is being caused by a misunderstanding on my part of how vertices work. Alas, here is a snippet of the code that is used: This code here creates a new array of Tile objects, which hold the information for each tile, including its type, coordinate, height, and it's 4 vertices public DTileMap (int size_x, int size_y) { this.size_x = size_x; this.size_y = size_y; //Initialize Map_Data Array of Tile Objects map_data = new Tile[size_x, size_y]; for (int j = 0; j < size_y; j++) { for (int i = 0; i < size_x; i++) { map_data [i, j] = new Tile (); map_data[i,j].coordinate.x = (int)i; map_data[i,j].coordinate.y = (int)j; map_data[i,j].vertices[0] = new Vector3 (i * GTileMap.TileMap.tileSize, map_data[i,j].Height, -j * GTileMap.TileMap.tileSize); map_data[i,j].vertices[1] = new Vector3 ((i+1) * GTileMap.TileMap.tileSize, map_data[i,j].Height, -(j) * GTileMap.TileMap.tileSize); map_data[i,j].vertices[2] = new Vector3 (i * GTileMap.TileMap.tileSize, map_data[i,j].Height, -(j-1) * GTileMap.TileMap.tileSize); map_data[i,j].vertices[3] = new Vector3 ((i+1) * GTileMap.TileMap.tileSize, map_data[i,j].Height, -(j-1) * GTileMap.TileMap.tileSize); } } This code sets the river tiles to height 0 foreach (Tile t in map_data) { if (t.realType == "Water") { t.vertices[0].y = 0f; t.vertices[1].y = 0f; t.vertices[2].y = 0f; t.vertices[3].y = 0f; } } And below is the code to generate the actual graphics from the data: public void BuildMesh () { DTileMap.DTileMap map = new DTileMap.DTileMap (size_x, size_z); int numTiles = size_x * size_z; int numTris = numTiles * 2; int vsize_x = size_x + 1; int vsize_z = size_z + 1; int numVerts = vsize_x * vsize_z; // Generate the mesh data Vector3[] vertices = new Vector3[ numVerts ]; Vector3[] normals = new Vector3[numVerts]; Vector2[] uv = new Vector2[numVerts]; int[] triangles = new int[ numTris * 3 ]; int x, z; for (z=0; z < vsize_z; z++) { for (x=0; x < vsize_x; x++) { normals [z * vsize_x + x] = Vector3.up; uv [z * vsize_x + x] = new Vector2 ((float)x / size_x, 1f - (float)z / size_z); } } for (z=0; z < vsize_z; z+=1) { for (x=0; x < vsize_x; x+=1) { if (x == vsize_x - 1 && z == vsize_z - 1) { vertices [z * vsize_x + x] = DTileMap.DTileMap.map_data [x - 1, z - 1].vertices [3]; } else if (z == vsize_z - 1) { vertices [z * vsize_x + x] = DTileMap.DTileMap.map_data [x, z - 1].vertices [2]; } else if (x == vsize_x - 1) { vertices [z * vsize_x + x] = DTileMap.DTileMap.map_data [x - 1, z].vertices [1]; } else { vertices [z * vsize_x + x] = DTileMap.DTileMap.map_data [x, z].vertices [0]; vertices [z * vsize_x + x+1] = DTileMap.DTileMap.map_data [x, z].vertices [1]; vertices [(z+1) * vsize_x + x] = DTileMap.DTileMap.map_data [x, z].vertices [2]; vertices [(z+1) * vsize_x + x+1] = DTileMap.DTileMap.map_data [x, z].vertices [3]; } } } } for (z=0; z < size_z; z++) { for (x=0; x < size_x; x++) { int squareIndex = z * size_x + x; int triOffset = squareIndex * 6; triangles [triOffset + 0] = z * vsize_x + x + 0; triangles [triOffset + 2] = z * vsize_x + x + vsize_x + 0; triangles [triOffset + 1] = z * vsize_x + x + vsize_x + 1; triangles [triOffset + 3] = z * vsize_x + x + 0; triangles [triOffset + 5] = z * vsize_x + x + vsize_x + 1; triangles [triOffset + 4] = z * vsize_x + x + 1; } } // Create a new Mesh and populate with the data Mesh mesh = new Mesh (); mesh.vertices = vertices; mesh.triangles = triangles; mesh.normals = normals; mesh.uv = uv; // Assign our mesh to our filter/renderer/collider MeshFilter mesh_filter = GetComponent<MeshFilter> (); MeshCollider mesh_collider = GetComponent<MeshCollider> (); mesh_filter.mesh = mesh; mesh_collider.sharedMesh = mesh; calculateMeshTangents (mesh); BuildTexture (map); } If this looks familiar to you, its because i got most of it from Quill18. I've been slowly adapting it for my uses. And please include any suggestions you have for my code. I'm still in the very early prototyping stage.

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  • LibGDX onTouch() method Array and flip method

    - by johnny-b
    How can I add this on my application. i want to use the onTouch() method from the implementation of the InputProcessor to kill the enemies on screen. how do i do that? do i have to do anything to the enemy class? also i am trying to add a Array of enemies and it keeps throwing exceptions or the bullet now is facing LEFT <--- again after I used the flip method in the bullet class. All the code is below so please anyone feel free to have a look thanks. please help Thank you M // This is the bullet class. public class Bullet extends Sprite { public static final float BULLET_HOMING = 6000; public static final float BULLET_SPEED = 300; private Vector2 velocity; private float lifetime; private Rectangle bul; public Bullet(float x, float y) { velocity = new Vector2(0, 0); setPosition(x, y); AssetLoader.bullet1.flip(true, false); AssetLoader.bullet2.flip(true, false); setSize(AssetLoader.bullet1.getWidth(), AssetLoader.bullet1.getHeight()); bul = new Rectangle(); } public void update(float delta) { float targetX = GameWorld.getBall().getX(); float targetY = GameWorld.getBall().getY(); float dx = targetX - getX(); float dy = targetY - getY(); float distToTarget = (float) Math.sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy); dx /= distToTarget; dy /= distToTarget; dx *= BULLET_HOMING; dy *= BULLET_HOMING; velocity.x += dx * delta; velocity.y += dy * delta; float vMag = (float) Math.sqrt(velocity.x * velocity.x + velocity.y * velocity.y); velocity.x /= vMag; velocity.y /= vMag; velocity.x *= BULLET_SPEED; velocity.y *= BULLET_SPEED; bul.set(getX(), getY(), getOriginX(), getOriginY()); Vector2 v = velocity.cpy().scl(delta); setPosition(getX() + v.x, getY() + v.y); setOriginCenter(); setRotation(velocity.angle()); } public Rectangle getBounds() { return bul; } public Rectangle getBounds1() { return this.getBoundingRectangle(); } } // This is the class where i load all the images from public class AssetLoader { public static Texture texture; public static TextureRegion bg, ball1, ball2; public static Animation bulletAnimation, ballAnimation; public static Sprite bullet1, bullet2; public static void load() { texture = new Texture(Gdx.files.internal("SpriteN1.png")); texture.setFilter(TextureFilter.Nearest, TextureFilter.Nearest); bg = new TextureRegion(texture, 80, 421, 395, 30); bg.flip(false, true); ball1 = new TextureRegion(texture, 0, 321, 32, 32); ball1.flip(false, true); ball2 = new TextureRegion(texture, 32, 321, 32, 32); ball2.flip(false, true); bullet1 = new Sprite(texture, 380, 350, 45, 20); bullet1.flip(false, true); bullet2 = new Sprite(texture, 425, 350, 45, 20); bullet2.flip(false, true); TextureRegion[] balls = { ball1, ball2 }; ballAnimation = new Animation(0.16f, balls); ballAnimation.setPlayMode(Animation.PlayMode.LOOP); } Sprite[] bullets = { bullet1, bullet2 }; bulletAnimation = new Animation(0.06f, aims); bulletAnimation.setPlayMode(Animation.PlayMode.LOOP); } public static void dispose() { texture.dispose(); } // This is for the rendering or drawing onto the screen/canvas. public class GameRenderer { private Bullet bullet; private Ball ball; public GameRenderer(GameWorld world) { myWorld = world; cam = new OrthographicCamera(); cam.setToOrtho(true, 480, 320); batcher = new SpriteBatch(); // Attach batcher to camera batcher.setProjectionMatrix(cam.combined); shapeRenderer = new ShapeRenderer(); shapeRenderer.setProjectionMatrix(cam.combined); // Call helper methods to initialize instance variables initGameObjects(); initAssets(); } private void initGameObjects() { ball = GameWorld.getBall(); bullet = myWorld.getBullet(); scroller = myWorld.getScroller(); } private void initAssets() { ballAnimation = AssetLoader.ballAnimation; bulletAnimation = AssetLoader.bulletAnimation; } public void render(float runTime) { Gdx.gl.glClearColor(0, 0, 0, 1); Gdx.gl.glClear(GL30.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); batcher.begin(); batcher.disableBlending(); batcher.enableBlending(); batcher.draw(AssetLoader.ballAnimation.getKeyFrame(runTime), ball.getX(), ball.getY(), ball.getWidth(), ball.getHeight()); batcher.draw(AssetLoader.bulletAnimation.getKeyFrame(runTime), bullet.getX(), bullet.getY(), bullet.getOriginX(), bullet.getOriginY(), bullet.getWidth(), bullet.getHeight(), 1.0f, 1.0f, bullet.getRotation()); // End SpriteBatch batcher.end(); } } // this is to load the image etc on the screen i guess public class GameWorld { public static Ball ball; private Bullet bullet; private ScrollHandler scroller; public GameWorld() { ball = new Ball(480, 273, 32, 32); bullet = new Bullet(10, 10); scroller = new ScrollHandler(0); } public void update(float delta) { ball.update(delta); bullet.update(delta); scroller.update(delta); } public static Ball getBall() { return ball; } public ScrollHandler getScroller() { return scroller; } public Bullet getBullet() { return bullet; } } //This is the input handler class public class InputHandler implements InputProcessor { private Ball myBall; private Bullet bullet; private GameRenderer aims; // Ask for a reference to the Soldier when InputHandler is created. public InputHandler(Ball ball) { myBall = ball; } @Override public boolean touchDown(int screenX, int screenY, int pointer, int button) { return false; } @Override public boolean keyDown(int keycode) { return false; } @Override public boolean keyUp(int keycode) { return false; } @Override public boolean keyTyped(char character) { return false; } @Override public boolean touchUp(int screenX, int screenY, int pointer, int button) { return false; } @Override public boolean touchDragged(int screenX, int screenY, int pointer) { return false; } @Override public boolean mouseMoved(int screenX, int screenY) { return false; } @Override public boolean scrolled(int amount) { return false; } } i am rendering all graphics in a GameRender class and a gameworld class if you need more info please let me know I am trying to make the array work but keep finding that when an array is initialized then the bullet fips back to the original and ends up being backwards???? and if I create an array I keep getting Exceptions throw??? Thank you for any help given.

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  • Getting a mirrored mesh from my data structure

    - by Steve
    Here's the background: I'm in the beginning stages of an RTS game in Unity. I have a procedurally generated terrain with a perlin-noise height map, as well as a function to generate a river. The problem is that the graphical creation of the map is taking the data structure of the map and rotating it by 180 degrees. I noticed this problem when I was creating my rivers. I would set the River's height to flat, and noticed that the actual tiles that were flat in the graphical representation were flipped and mirrored. Here's 3 screenshots of the map from different angles: http://imgur.com/a/VLHHq As you can see, if you flipped (graphically) the river by 180 degrees on the z axis, it would fit where the terrain is flattened. I have a suspicion it is being caused by a misunderstanding on my part of how vertices work. Alas, here is a snippet of the code that is used: This code here creates a new array of Tile objects, which hold the information for each tile, including its type, coordinate, height, and it's 4 vertices public DTileMap (int size_x, int size_y) { this.size_x = size_x; this.size_y = size_y; //Initialize Map_Data Array of Tile Objects map_data = new Tile[size_x, size_y]; for (int j = 0; j < size_y; j++) { for (int i = 0; i < size_x; i++) { map_data [i, j] = new Tile (); map_data[i,j].coordinate.x = (int)i; map_data[i,j].coordinate.y = (int)j; map_data[i,j].vertices[0] = new Vector3 (i * GTileMap.TileMap.tileSize, map_data[i,j].Height, -j * GTileMap.TileMap.tileSize); map_data[i,j].vertices[1] = new Vector3 ((i+1) * GTileMap.TileMap.tileSize, map_data[i,j].Height, -(j) * GTileMap.TileMap.tileSize); map_data[i,j].vertices[2] = new Vector3 (i * GTileMap.TileMap.tileSize, map_data[i,j].Height, -(j-1) * GTileMap.TileMap.tileSize); map_data[i,j].vertices[3] = new Vector3 ((i+1) * GTileMap.TileMap.tileSize, map_data[i,j].Height, -(j-1) * GTileMap.TileMap.tileSize); } } This code sets the river tiles to height 0 foreach (Tile t in map_data) { if (t.realType == "Water") { t.vertices[0].y = 0f; t.vertices[1].y = 0f; t.vertices[2].y = 0f; t.vertices[3].y = 0f; } } And below is the code to generate the actual graphics from the data: public void BuildMesh () { DTileMap.DTileMap map = new DTileMap.DTileMap (size_x, size_z); int numTiles = size_x * size_z; int numTris = numTiles * 2; int vsize_x = size_x + 1; int vsize_z = size_z + 1; int numVerts = vsize_x * vsize_z; // Generate the mesh data Vector3[] vertices = new Vector3[ numVerts ]; Vector3[] normals = new Vector3[numVerts]; Vector2[] uv = new Vector2[numVerts]; int[] triangles = new int[ numTris * 3 ]; int x, z; for (z=0; z < vsize_z; z++) { for (x=0; x < vsize_x; x++) { normals [z * vsize_x + x] = Vector3.up; uv [z * vsize_x + x] = new Vector2 ((float)x / size_x, 1f - (float)z / size_z); } } for (z=0; z < vsize_z; z+=1) { for (x=0; x < vsize_x; x+=1) { if (x == vsize_x - 1 && z == vsize_z - 1) { vertices [z * vsize_x + x] = DTileMap.DTileMap.map_data [x - 1, z - 1].vertices [3]; } else if (z == vsize_z - 1) { vertices [z * vsize_x + x] = DTileMap.DTileMap.map_data [x, z - 1].vertices [2]; } else if (x == vsize_x - 1) { vertices [z * vsize_x + x] = DTileMap.DTileMap.map_data [x - 1, z].vertices [1]; } else { vertices [z * vsize_x + x] = DTileMap.DTileMap.map_data [x, z].vertices [0]; vertices [z * vsize_x + x+1] = DTileMap.DTileMap.map_data [x, z].vertices [1]; vertices [(z+1) * vsize_x + x] = DTileMap.DTileMap.map_data [x, z].vertices [2]; vertices [(z+1) * vsize_x + x+1] = DTileMap.DTileMap.map_data [x, z].vertices [3]; } } } } for (z=0; z < size_z; z++) { for (x=0; x < size_x; x++) { int squareIndex = z * size_x + x; int triOffset = squareIndex * 6; triangles [triOffset + 0] = z * vsize_x + x + 0; triangles [triOffset + 2] = z * vsize_x + x + vsize_x + 0; triangles [triOffset + 1] = z * vsize_x + x + vsize_x + 1; triangles [triOffset + 3] = z * vsize_x + x + 0; triangles [triOffset + 5] = z * vsize_x + x + vsize_x + 1; triangles [triOffset + 4] = z * vsize_x + x + 1; } } // Create a new Mesh and populate with the data Mesh mesh = new Mesh (); mesh.vertices = vertices; mesh.triangles = triangles; mesh.normals = normals; mesh.uv = uv; // Assign our mesh to our filter/renderer/collider MeshFilter mesh_filter = GetComponent<MeshFilter> (); MeshCollider mesh_collider = GetComponent<MeshCollider> (); mesh_filter.mesh = mesh; mesh_collider.sharedMesh = mesh; calculateMeshTangents (mesh); BuildTexture (map); } If this looks familiar to you, its because i got most of it from Quill18. I've been slowly adapting it for my uses. And please include any suggestions you have for my code. I'm still in the very early prototyping stage.

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  • Complex event system for DungeonKeeper like game

    - by paul424
    I am working on opensource GPL3 game. http://opendungeons.sourceforge.net/ , new coders would be welcome. Now there's design question regarding Event System: We want to improve the game logic, that is program a new event system. I will just repost what's settled up already on http://forum.freegamedev.net/viewtopic.php?f=45&t=3033. From the discussion came the idea of the Publisher / Subscriber pattern + "domains": My current idea is to use the subscirbers / publishers model. Its similar to Observable pattern, but instead one subscribes to Events types, not Object's Events. For each Event would like to have both static and dynamic type. Static that is its's type would be resolved by belonging to the proper inherited class from Event. That is from Event we would have EventTile, EventCreature, EvenMapLoader, EventGameMap etc. From that there are of course subtypes like EventCreature would be EventKobold, EventKnight, EventTentacle etc. The listeners would collect the event from publishers, and send them subcribers , each of them would be a global singleton. The Listeners type hierachy would exactly mirror the type hierarchy of Events. In each constructor of Event type, the created instance would notify the proper listeners. That is when calling EventKnight the proper ctor would notify the Listeners : EventListener, CreatureLisener and KnightListener. The default action for an listner would be to notify all subscribers, but there would be some exceptions , like EventAttack would notify AttackListener which would dispatch event by the dynamic part ( that is the Creature pointer or hash). Any comments ? #include <vector> class Subscriber; class SubscriberAttack; class Event{ private: int foo; int bar; protected: // static std::vector<Publisher*> publishersList; static std::vector<Subscriber*> subscribersList; static std::vector<Event*> eventQueue; public: Event(){ eventQueue.push_back(this); } static int subscribe(Subscriber* ss); static int unsubscribe(Subscriber* ss); //static int reg_publisher(Publisher* pp); //static int unreg_publisher(Publisher* pp); }; // class Publisher{ // }; class Subscriber{ public: int (*newEvent) (Event* ee); Subscriber( ){ Event::subscribe(this); } Subscriber( int (*fp) (Event* ee) ):newEvent(fp){ Subscriber(); } ~Subscriber(){ Event::unsubscribe(this); } }; class EventAttack: Event{ private: int foo; int bar; protected: // static std::vector<Publisher*> publishersList; static std::vector<SubscriberAttack*> subscribersList; static std::vector<EventAttack*> eventQueue; public: EventAttack(){ eventQueue.push_back(this); } static int subscribe(SubscriberAttack* ss); static int unsubscribe(SubscriberAttack* ss); //static int reg_publisher(Publisher* pp); //static int unreg_publisher(Publisher* pp); }; class AttackSubscriber :Subscriber{ public: int (*newEvent) (EventAttack* ee); AttackSubscriber( ){ EventAttack::subscribe(this); } AttackSubscriber( int (*fp) (EventAttack* ee) ):newEventAttack(fp){ AttackSubscriber(); } ~AttackSubscriber(){ EventAttack::unsubscribe(this); } }; From that point, others wanted the Subject-Observer pattern, that is one would subscribe to all event types produced by particular object. That way it came out to add the domain system : Huh, to meet the ability to listen to particular game's object events, I though of introducing entity domains . Domains are trees, which nodes are labeled by unique names for each level. ( like the www addresses ). Each Entity wanting to participate in our event system ( that is be able to publish / produce events ) should at least now its domain name. That would end up in Player1/Room/Treasury/#24 or Player1/Creature/Kobold/#3 producing events. The subscriber picks some part of a tree. For example by specifiing subtree with the root in one of the nodes like Player1/Room/* ,would subscribe us to all Players1's room's event, and Player1/Creature/Kobold/#3 would subscribe to Players' third kobold's event. Does such event system make sense to you ? I have many implementation details to ask as well, but first let's start some general discussion. Note1: Notice that in the case of a fight between two creatues fight , the creature being attacked would have to throw an event, becuase it is HE/SHE/IT who have its domain address. So that would be BeingAttackedEvent() etc. I will edit that post if some other reflections on this would come out. Note2: the existing class hierarchy might be used to get the domains addresses being build in constructor . In a ctor you would just add + ."className" to domain address. If you are in a class'es hierarchy leaf constructor one might use nextID , hash or any other charactteristic, just to make the addresses distinguishable . Note3:subscribing to all entity's Events would require knowledge of all possible events produced by this entity . This could be done in one function call, but information on E produced would have to be handled for every Entity. SmartNote4 : Finding proper subscribers in a tree would be easy. One would start in particular Leaf for example Player1/Creature/Kobold/#3 and go up one parent a time , notifiying each Subscriber in a Node ie. : Player1/Creature/Kobold/* , Player1/Creature/* , Player1/* etc, , up to a root that is /* .<<<< Note5: The Event system was needed to have some way of incorporating Angelscript code into application. So the Event dispatcher was to be a gate to A-script functions. But it came out to this one.

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  • Extending MySQLi

    - by FRKT
    Hello, I've run into problems extending the MySQLi class. It won't let me add any properties. class MySQLii extends MySQLi { public $database; public function MySQLii($host, $username, $password, $database){ // Initialize MySQLi parent::MySQLi($host, $username, $password, $database); // Save database name $this->database = $database; } } $mysqlii = new MySQLii('localhost', 'root', 'password', 'database'); var_dump($mysqlii); object(MySQLii)#1 (17) { ["affected_rows"]= int(0) ["client_info"]= string(48) "mysqlnd 5.0.5-dev - 081106 - $Revision: 289630 $" ["client_version"]= int(50005) ["connect_errno"]= int(0) ["connect_error"]= NULL ["errno"]= int(0) ["error"]= string(0) "" ["field_count"]= int(0) ["host_info"]= string(42) "MySQL host info: Localhost via UNIX socket" ["info"]= NULL ["insert_id"]= int(0) ["server_info"]= string(6) "5.1.44" ["server_version"]= int(50144) ["sqlstate"]= string(5) "00000" ["protocol_version"]= int(10) ["thread_id"]= int(4019) ["warning_count"]= int(0) } Note the absence of the database property I added in the MySQLii constructor. Am I missing something?

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  • for my project I have problem in report

    - by pink rose
    public class stack { private int Array[]; private int top = -1; public int size; public stack(int size) { this.size=size; Array = new int[size]; } public void push(int j) { if (top < size) { Array[++top] = j; } } public int pop() { return Array[top--]; } public int top() { return Array[top]; } public boolean isEmpty() { return (top == -1); } } import javax.swing.JOptionPane; public class menu { private static stack s; private static int numbers[]; public static void main(String args[]) { start(); } public static void start() { int i = Integer.parseInt(JOptionPane.showInputDialog("1. size of array\n2. data entry\n3. display content\n4. exit")); switch (i) { case 1: setSize(); break; case 2: addElement(); break; case 3: showElements(); break; case 4: exit(); } } public static void setSize() { int size = Integer.parseInt(JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Please Enter The Size")); s = new stack(size); numbers = new int[10]; start(); } public static void addElement() { for(int x=0;x<s.size;x++) { int e = Integer.parseInt(JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Please Enter The Element")); numbers[e]++; s.push(e); } start(); } public static void showElements() { String result = ""; int temp; while (!s.isEmpty()) { temp = s.pop(); if (numbers[temp] == 1) { result = temp+result; } } JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, result); start(); } public static void exit() { System.exit(0); } } This my project I was finished but I have problem in question in my report Conclusion. It should summarize the state of your project and indicate which part of your project is working and which part is not working or with limitations. You may also provide your suggestions and comments to this project what I can answer I didn't have any idea

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  • how to allocate array of channels in go

    - by eran
    Sorry for the novice syntax question. How do how create an array of channels in go? var c0 chan int = make(chan int); var c1 chan int = make(chan int); var c2 chan int = make(chan int); var c3 chan int = make(chan int); var c4 chan int = make(chan int); That is, replacing the above five lines in one array of channels of size 5? Many thanks.

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  • Capture Highlighted Text from any window using C#

    - by dineshrekula
    How to read the highlighted/Selected Text from any window using c#. i tried 2 approaches. Send "^c" whenever user selects some thing. But in this case my clipboard is flooded with lots of unnecessary data. Sometime it copied passwords also. so i switched my approach to 2nd method, send message method. see this sample code [DllImport("user32.dll")] static extern int GetFocus(); [DllImport("user32.dll")] static extern bool AttachThreadInput(uint idAttach, uint idAttachTo, bool fAttach); [DllImport("kernel32.dll")] static extern uint GetCurrentThreadId(); [DllImport("user32.dll")] static extern uint GetWindowThreadProcessId(int hWnd, int ProcessId); [DllImport("user32.dll") ] static extern int GetForegroundWindow(); [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = false)] static extern int SendMessage(int hWnd, int Msg, int wParam, StringBuilder lParam); // second overload of SendMessage [DllImport("user32.dll")] private static extern int SendMessage(IntPtr hWnd, uint Msg, out int wParam, out int lParam); const int WM_SETTEXT = 12; const int WM_GETTEXT = 13; private string PerformCopy() { try { //Wait 5 seconds to give us a chance to give focus to some edit window, //notepad for example System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(5000); StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(500); int foregroundWindowHandle = GetForegroundWindow(); uint remoteThreadId = GetWindowThreadProcessId(foregroundWindowHandle, 0); uint currentThreadId = GetCurrentThreadId(); //AttachTrheadInput is needed so we can get the handle of a focused window in another app AttachThreadInput(remoteThreadId, currentThreadId, true); //Get the handle of a focused window int focused = GetFocus(); //Now detach since we got the focused handle AttachThreadInput(remoteThreadId, currentThreadId, false); //Get the text from the active window into the stringbuilder SendMessage(focused, WM_GETTEXT, builder.Capacity, builder); return builder.ToString(); } catch (System.Exception oException) { throw oException; } } this code working fine in Notepad. But if i try to capture from another applications like Mozilla firefox, or Visual Studio IDE, it's not returning the text. Can anybody please help me, where i am doing wrong? First of all, i have chosen the right approach?

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  • Int or NSInteger as object for method argument. Objective-C

    - by sergiobuj
    Hi. I'm having some trouble passing a number as an argument for a method: -(void) meth2:(int)next_int; And to call that method i need this: int next_int = 1; [self performSelectorOnMainThread:@selector(meth2:) withObject:next_int waitUntilDone:NO]; //update next_int and call meth2 again at this point i get a "pointer from integer without a cast" error, and would happen the same with a NSInteger. A NSNumber is not useful because it's immutable and i need to change the value constantly. Any Idea how can i do this? Thanks.

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  • resize image in asp.net

    - by alina
    I have this code to resize an image but the image doesn't look so good: public Bitmap ProportionallyResizeBitmap(Bitmap src, int maxWidth, int maxHeight) { // original dimensions int w = src.Width; int h = src.Height; // Longest and shortest dimension int longestDimension = (w > h) ? w : h; int shortestDimension = (w < h) ? w : h; // propotionality float factor = ((float)longestDimension) / shortestDimension; // default width is greater than height double newWidth = maxWidth; double newHeight = maxWidth / factor; // if height greater than width recalculate if (w < h) { newWidth = maxHeight / factor; newHeight = maxHeight; } // Create new Bitmap at new dimensions Bitmap result = new Bitmap((int)newWidth, (int)newHeight); using (Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage((System.Drawing.Image)result)) g.DrawImage(src, 0, 0, (int)newWidth, (int)newHeight); return result; }

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  • Warning when using qsort in C

    - by controlfreak123
    I wrote my comparison function int cmp(const int * a,const int * b) { if (*a==*b) return 0; else if (*a < *b) return -1; else return 1; } and i have my declaration int cmp (const int * value1,const int * value2); and I'm calling qsort in my program like so qsort(currentCases,round,sizeof(int),cmp); when i compile it I get the following warning warning: passing argument 4 of ‘qsort’ from incompatible pointer type /usr/include/stdlib.h:710: note: expected ‘__compar_fn_t’ but argument is of type ‘int (*)(const int *, const int *)’ The program works just fine so my only concern is why it doesn't like the way im using that?

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  • Call methods in main method

    - by Niloo
    this is my main method that gets 3 integers from command line and I parse then in my validating method. However I have one operation method that calls 3 other methods, but i don't know what type of data and howmany I have to put in my operatinMethod() " cuase switch only gets one); AND also in my mainMethod() for calling the operationMehod(); itself? please let me know if i'm not clear? Thanx! main method: public class test { // Global Constants final static int MIN_NUMBER = 1; final static int MAX_PRIME = 10000; final static int MAX_FACTORIAL = 12; final static int MAX_LEAPYEAR = 4000; //Global Variables static int a,b,c; public static void main (String[] args) { for(int i =0; i< args.length; i++){} if(validateInput(args[0],args[1],args[2])){ performOperations(); } } //Validate User Input public static boolean validateInput(String num1,String num2,String num3){ boolean isValid = false; try{ try{ try{ a = Integer.parseInt(num1); if(!withinRange(a,MIN_NUMBER, MAX_PRIME)) { System.out.println("The entered value " + num1 +" is out of range [1 TO 10000]."); } isValid = true; } catch(Exception ex) { System.out.println("The entered value " + num1 + " is not a valid integer. Please try again."); } b = Integer.parseInt(num2); if(!withinRange(b,MIN_NUMBER, MAX_FACTORIAL)) { System.out.println("The entered value " + num2 +" is out of range [1 TO 12]."); } isValid = true; } catch(Exception ex) { System.out.println("The entered value " + num2 + " is not a valid integer. Please try again."); } c = Integer.parseInt(num3); if(!withinRange(c,MIN_NUMBER, MAX_LEAPYEAR)) { System.out.println("The entered value " + num3 +" is out of range [1 TO 4000]."); } isValid = true; } catch(Exception ex) { System.out.println("The entered value " + num3 + " is not a valid integer. Please try again."); } return isValid; } //Check the value within the specified range private static boolean withinRange(int userInput ,int min, int max){ boolean isInRange = true; if(userInput < min || userInput > max){ isInRange = false; } return isInRange; } //Perform operations private static void performOperations(int userInput) { switch(userInput) { case 1: // count Prime numbers countPrimes(a); break; case 2: // Calculate factorial getFactorial(b); break; case 3: // find Leap year isLeapYear(c); break; } } // Verify Prime Number private static boolean isPrime(int prime) { for(int i = 2; i <= Math.sqrt(prime) ; i++) { if ((prime % i) == 0) { return false; } } return true; } // Calculate Prime private static int countPrimes(int userInput){ int count =0; for(int i=userInput; i<=MAX_PRIME; i++) { if(isPrime(i)){ count++; } } System.out.println("Exactly "+ count + " prime numbers exist between "+ a + " and 10,000."); return count; } // Calculate the factorial value private static int getFactorial(int userInput){ int ans = userInput; if(userInput >1 ){ ans*= (getFactorial(userInput-1)); //System.out.println("The value of "+ b +"! is "+ getFactorial(userInput)); } return ans; } // Determine whether the integer represents a leap year private static boolean isLeapYear(int userInput){ if (userInput % 4 == 0 && userInput % 400 == 0 && userInput % 100 ==0){ System.out.println("The year "+ c +" is a leap year"); } else { System.out.println("The year "+ c +" is a not leap year"); } return false; } }

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  • Using Window Handle to disable Mouse clicks using c#

    - by srk
    I need to disable the Mouse Clicks, Mouse movement for a specific windows for a Kiosk application. Is it Feasible in C# ? I have removed the menu bar and title bar of a specific window, will that be a starting point to achieve the above requirement ? How can i achieve this requirement. The code for removing the menu bar and title bar using window handle : #region Constants //Finds a window by class name [DllImport("USER32.DLL")] public static extern IntPtr FindWindow(string lpClassName, string lpWindowName); //Sets a window to be a child window of another window [DllImport("USER32.DLL")] public static extern IntPtr SetParent(IntPtr hWndChild, IntPtr hWndNewParent); //Sets window attributes [DllImport("USER32.DLL")] public static extern int SetWindowLong(IntPtr hWnd, int nIndex, int dwNewLong); //Gets window attributes [DllImport("USER32.DLL")] public static extern int GetWindowLong(IntPtr hWnd, int nIndex); [DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "FindWindow", SetLastError = true)] static extern IntPtr FindWindowByCaption(IntPtr ZeroOnly, string lpWindowName); [DllImport("user32.dll")] static extern IntPtr GetMenu(IntPtr hWnd); [DllImport("user32.dll")] static extern int GetMenuItemCount(IntPtr hMenu); [DllImport("user32.dll")] static extern bool DrawMenuBar(IntPtr hWnd); [DllImport("user32.dll")] static extern bool RemoveMenu(IntPtr hMenu, uint uPosition, uint uFlags); //assorted constants needed public static uint MF_BYPOSITION = 0x400; public static uint MF_REMOVE = 0x1000; public static int GWL_STYLE = -16; public static int WS_CHILD = 0x40000000; //child window public static int WS_BORDER = 0x00800000; //window with border public static int WS_DLGFRAME = 0x00400000; //window with double border but no title public static int WS_CAPTION = WS_BORDER | WS_DLGFRAME; //window with a title bar public static int WS_SYSMENU = 0x00080000; //window menu #endregion public static void WindowsReStyle() { Process[] Procs = Process.GetProcesses(); foreach (Process proc in Procs) { if (proc.ProcessName.StartsWith("notepad")) { IntPtr pFoundWindow = proc.MainWindowHandle; int style = GetWindowLong(pFoundWindow, GWL_STYLE); //get menu IntPtr HMENU = GetMenu(proc.MainWindowHandle); //get item count int count = GetMenuItemCount(HMENU); //loop & remove for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) RemoveMenu(HMENU, 0, (MF_BYPOSITION | MF_REMOVE)); //force a redraw DrawMenuBar(proc.MainWindowHandle); SetWindowLong(pFoundWindow, GWL_STYLE, (style & ~WS_SYSMENU)); SetWindowLong(pFoundWindow, GWL_STYLE, (style & ~WS_CAPTION)); } } }

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  • Title: Using Window Handle to disable Mouse clicks and Keyboard Inputs using Pinvoke c#

    - by srk
    I need to disable the Mouse Clicks, Mouse movement and Keyboard Inputs for a specific windows for a Kiosk application. Is it Feasible in C# ? I have removed the menu bar and title bar of a specific window, will that be a starting point to achieve the above requirement ? The code for removing the menu bar and title bar using window handle : #region Constants //Finds a window by class name [DllImport("USER32.DLL")] public static extern IntPtr FindWindow(string lpClassName, string lpWindowName); //Sets a window to be a child window of another window [DllImport("USER32.DLL")] public static extern IntPtr SetParent(IntPtr hWndChild, IntPtr hWndNewParent); //Sets window attributes [DllImport("USER32.DLL")] public static extern int SetWindowLong(IntPtr hWnd, int nIndex, int dwNewLong); //Gets window attributes [DllImport("USER32.DLL")] public static extern int GetWindowLong(IntPtr hWnd, int nIndex); [DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "FindWindow", SetLastError = true)] static extern IntPtr FindWindowByCaption(IntPtr ZeroOnly, string lpWindowName); [DllImport("user32.dll")] static extern IntPtr GetMenu(IntPtr hWnd); [DllImport("user32.dll")] static extern int GetMenuItemCount(IntPtr hMenu); [DllImport("user32.dll")] static extern bool DrawMenuBar(IntPtr hWnd); [DllImport("user32.dll")] static extern bool RemoveMenu(IntPtr hMenu, uint uPosition, uint uFlags); //assorted constants needed public static uint MF_BYPOSITION = 0x400; public static uint MF_REMOVE = 0x1000; public static int GWL_STYLE = -16; public static int WS_CHILD = 0x40000000; //child window public static int WS_BORDER = 0x00800000; //window with border public static int WS_DLGFRAME = 0x00400000; //window with double border but no title public static int WS_CAPTION = WS_BORDER | WS_DLGFRAME; //window with a title bar public static int WS_SYSMENU = 0x00080000; //window menu #endregion public static void WindowsReStyle() { Process[] Procs = Process.GetProcesses(); foreach (Process proc in Procs) { if (proc.ProcessName.StartsWith("notepad")) { IntPtr pFoundWindow = proc.MainWindowHandle; int style = GetWindowLong(pFoundWindow, GWL_STYLE); //get menu IntPtr HMENU = GetMenu(proc.MainWindowHandle); //get item count int count = GetMenuItemCount(HMENU); //loop & remove for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) RemoveMenu(HMENU, 0, (MF_BYPOSITION | MF_REMOVE)); //force a redraw DrawMenuBar(proc.MainWindowHandle); SetWindowLong(pFoundWindow, GWL_STYLE, (style & ~WS_SYSMENU)); SetWindowLong(pFoundWindow, GWL_STYLE, (style & ~WS_CAPTION)); } } }

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  • How to keep g++ from taking header file from /usr/include?

    - by WilliamKF
    I am building using zlib.h which I have a local copy to v1.2.5, but in /usr/include/zlib.h there is v1.2.1.2. If I omit adding -I/my/path/to/zlib to my make I get error from using old version which doesn't have Z_FIXED: g++ -g -Werror -Wredundant-decls -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64 -c -o ARCH.linux_26_i86/debug/sysParam.o sysParam.cpp sysParam.cpp: In member function `std::string CSysParamAccess::getCompressionStrategyName() const': sysParam.cpp:1816: error: `Z_FIXED' was not declared in this scope sysParam.cpp: In member function `bool CSysParamAccess::setCompressionStrategy(const std::string&, paramSource)': sysParam.cpp:1849: error: `Z_FIXED' was not declared in this scope Alternatively, if I add the include path to the zlib z1.2.5 I am using, I get double defines, it seems as if the zlib.h is included twice with two different sets of -D values, but I don't see how that is happening: g++ -g -Werror -Wredundant-decls -I../../src/zlib-1.2.5 -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64 -c -o ARCH.linux_26_i86/debug/sysParam.o sysParam.cpp In file included from sysParam.cpp:24: ../../src/zlib-1.2.5/zlib.h:1582: warning: redundant redeclaration of `void* gzopen64(const char*, const char*)' in same scope ../../src/zlib-1.2.5/zlib.h:1566: warning: previous declaration of `void* gzopen64(const char*, const char*)' ../../src/zlib-1.2.5/zlib.h:1583: warning: redundant redeclaration of `long long int gzseek64(void*, long long int, int)' in same scope ../../src/zlib-1.2.5/zlib.h:1567: warning: previous declaration of `off64_t gzseek64(void*, off64_t, int)' ../../src/zlib-1.2.5/zlib.h:1584: warning: redundant redeclaration of `long long int gztell64(void*)' in same scope ../../src/zlib-1.2.5/zlib.h:1568: warning: previous declaration of `off64_t gztell64(void*)' ../../src/zlib-1.2.5/zlib.h:1585: warning: redundant redeclaration of `long long int gzoffset64(void*)' in same scope ../../src/zlib-1.2.5/zlib.h:1569: warning: previous declaration of `off64_t gzoffset64(void*)' ../../src/zlib-1.2.5/zlib.h:1586: warning: redundant redeclaration of `uLong adler32_combine64(uLong, uLong, long long int)' in same scope ../../src/zlib-1.2.5/zlib.h:1570: warning: previous declaration of `uLong adler32_combine64(uLong, uLong, off64_t)' ../../src/zlib-1.2.5/zlib.h:1587: warning: redundant redeclaration of `uLong crc32_combine64(uLong, uLong, long long int)' in same scope ../../src/zlib-1.2.5/zlib.h:1571: warning: previous declaration of `uLong crc32_combine64(uLong, uLong, off64_t)' Here some of the relavent lines from zlib.h referred to above: // This would be line 1558 of zlib.h /* provide 64-bit offset functions if _LARGEFILE64_SOURCE defined, and/or * change the regular functions to 64 bits if _FILE_OFFSET_BITS is 64 (if * both are true, the application gets the *64 functions, and the regular * functions are changed to 64 bits) -- in case these are set on systems * without large file support, _LFS64_LARGEFILE must also be true */ #if defined(_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE) && _LFS64_LARGEFILE-0 ZEXTERN gzFile ZEXPORT gzopen64 OF((const char *, const char *)); ZEXTERN z_off64_t ZEXPORT gzseek64 OF((gzFile, z_off64_t, int)); ZEXTERN z_off64_t ZEXPORT gztell64 OF((gzFile)); ZEXTERN z_off64_t ZEXPORT gzoffset64 OF((gzFile)); ZEXTERN uLong ZEXPORT adler32_combine64 OF((uLong, uLong, z_off64_t)); ZEXTERN uLong ZEXPORT crc32_combine64 OF((uLong, uLong, z_off64_t)); #endif #if !defined(ZLIB_INTERNAL) && _FILE_OFFSET_BITS-0 == 64 && _LFS64_LARGEFILE-0 # define gzopen gzopen64 # define gzseek gzseek64 # define gztell gztell64 # define gzoffset gzoffset64 # define adler32_combine adler32_combine64 # define crc32_combine crc32_combine64 # ifdef _LARGEFILE64_SOURCE ZEXTERN gzFile ZEXPORT gzopen64 OF((const char *, const char *)); ZEXTERN z_off_t ZEXPORT gzseek64 OF((gzFile, z_off_t, int)); ZEXTERN z_off_t ZEXPORT gztell64 OF((gzFile)); ZEXTERN z_off_t ZEXPORT gzoffset64 OF((gzFile)); ZEXTERN uLong ZEXPORT adler32_combine64 OF((uLong, uLong, z_off_t)); ZEXTERN uLong ZEXPORT crc32_combine64 OF((uLong, uLong, z_off_t)); # endif #else ZEXTERN gzFile ZEXPORT gzopen OF((const char *, const char *)); ZEXTERN z_off_t ZEXPORT gzseek OF((gzFile, z_off_t, int)); ZEXTERN z_off_t ZEXPORT gztell OF((gzFile)); ZEXTERN z_off_t ZEXPORT gzoffset OF((gzFile)); ZEXTERN uLong ZEXPORT adler32_combine OF((uLong, uLong, z_off_t)); ZEXTERN uLong ZEXPORT crc32_combine OF((uLong, uLong, z_off_t)); #endif // This would be line 1597 of zlib.h I'm not sure how to track this down further. I tried moving the include of zlib.h to the top and bottom of the includes list of the cpp file, but it made no difference. An excerpt of passing -E to g++ shows in part: extern int inflateInit2_ (z_streamp strm, int windowBits, const char *version, int stream_size); extern int inflateBackInit_ (z_streamp strm, int windowBits, unsigned char *window, const char *version, int stream_size); # 1566 "../../src/zlib-1.2.5/zlib.h" extern gzFile gzopen64 (const char *, const char *); extern off64_t gzseek64 (gzFile, off64_t, int); extern off64_t gztell64 (gzFile); extern off64_t gzoffset64 (gzFile); extern uLong adler32_combine64 (uLong, uLong, off64_t); extern uLong crc32_combine64 (uLong, uLong, off64_t); # 1582 "../../src/zlib-1.2.5/zlib.h" extern gzFile gzopen64 (const char *, const char *); extern long long gzseek64 (gzFile, long long, int); extern long long gztell64 (gzFile); extern long long gzoffset64 (gzFile); extern uLong adler32_combine64 (uLong, uLong, long long); extern uLong crc32_combine64 (uLong, uLong, long long); # 1600 "../../src/zlib-1.2.5/zlib.h" struct internal_state {int dummy;}; Not sure why lines 1566 and 1582 are coming out together in the CPP output, but hence the warning about duplicate declarations.

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  • Using Window Handle to disable Mouse clicks and Keyboard Inputs using c#

    - by srk
    I need to disable the Mouse Clicks, Mouse movement and Keyboard Inputs for a specific windows for a Kiosk application. Is it Feasible in C# ? I have removed the menu bar and title bar of a specific window, will that be a starting point to achieve the above requirement ? The code for removing the menu bar and title bar using window handle : #region Constants //Finds a window by class name [DllImport("USER32.DLL")] public static extern IntPtr FindWindow(string lpClassName, string lpWindowName); //Sets a window to be a child window of another window [DllImport("USER32.DLL")] public static extern IntPtr SetParent(IntPtr hWndChild, IntPtr hWndNewParent); //Sets window attributes [DllImport("USER32.DLL")] public static extern int SetWindowLong(IntPtr hWnd, int nIndex, int dwNewLong); //Gets window attributes [DllImport("USER32.DLL")] public static extern int GetWindowLong(IntPtr hWnd, int nIndex); [DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "FindWindow", SetLastError = true)] static extern IntPtr FindWindowByCaption(IntPtr ZeroOnly, string lpWindowName); [DllImport("user32.dll")] static extern IntPtr GetMenu(IntPtr hWnd); [DllImport("user32.dll")] static extern int GetMenuItemCount(IntPtr hMenu); [DllImport("user32.dll")] static extern bool DrawMenuBar(IntPtr hWnd); [DllImport("user32.dll")] static extern bool RemoveMenu(IntPtr hMenu, uint uPosition, uint uFlags); //assorted constants needed public static uint MF_BYPOSITION = 0x400; public static uint MF_REMOVE = 0x1000; public static int GWL_STYLE = -16; public static int WS_CHILD = 0x40000000; //child window public static int WS_BORDER = 0x00800000; //window with border public static int WS_DLGFRAME = 0x00400000; //window with double border but no title public static int WS_CAPTION = WS_BORDER | WS_DLGFRAME; //window with a title bar public static int WS_SYSMENU = 0x00080000; //window menu #endregion public static void WindowsReStyle() { Process[] Procs = Process.GetProcesses(); foreach (Process proc in Procs) { if (proc.ProcessName.StartsWith("notepad")) { IntPtr pFoundWindow = proc.MainWindowHandle; int style = GetWindowLong(pFoundWindow, GWL_STYLE); //get menu IntPtr HMENU = GetMenu(proc.MainWindowHandle); //get item count int count = GetMenuItemCount(HMENU); //loop & remove for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) RemoveMenu(HMENU, 0, (MF_BYPOSITION | MF_REMOVE)); //force a redraw DrawMenuBar(proc.MainWindowHandle); SetWindowLong(pFoundWindow, GWL_STYLE, (style & ~WS_SYSMENU)); SetWindowLong(pFoundWindow, GWL_STYLE, (style & ~WS_CAPTION)); } } }

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  • Why scala not allowing '$' identifier in case statement?

    - by Alex R
    this works as expected scala 3 match { case x:Int = 2*x } res1: Int = 6 why does this fail? scala 3 match { case $x:Int = 2*$x } :1: error: '=' expected but ':' found. 3 match { case $x:Int = 2*$x } ^ scala 3 match { case `$x`:Int = 2*$x } :1: error: '=' expected but ':' found. 3 match { case `$x`:Int = 2*$x } ^ scala 3 match { case `$x` : Int = 2*$x } :1: error: '=' expected but ':' found. 3 match { case `$x` : Int = 2*$x } '$' is supposed to be a valid identifier character, as demonstrated here: scala var y = 1 y: Int = 1 scala var $y = 2 $y: Int = 2 Thanks

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