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  • Surprising results with .NET multi-theading algorithm

    - by Myles J
    Hi, I've recently wrote a C# console time tabling algorithm that is based on a combination of a genetic algorithm with a few brute force routines thrown in. The initial results were promising but I figured I could improve the performance by splitting the brute force routines up to run in parallel on multi processor architectures. To do this I used the well documented Producer/Consumer model (as documented in this fantastic article http://www.albahari.com/threading/part2.aspx#_ProducerConsumerQWaitHandle). I changed my code to create one thread per logical processor during the brute force routines. The performance gains on my work station were very pleasing. I am running Windows XP on the following hardware: Intel Core 2 Quad CPU 2.33 GHz 3.49 GB RAM Initial tests indicated average performance gains of approx 40% when using 4 threads. The next step was to deploy the new multi-threading version of the algorithm to our higher spec UAT server. Here is the spec of our UAT server: Windows 2003 Server R2 Enterprise x64 8 cpu (Quad-Core) AMD Opteron 2.70 GHz 255 GB RAM After running the first round of tests we were all extremely surprised to find that the algorithm actually runs slower on the high spec W2003 server than on my local XP work station! In fact the tests seem to indicate that it doesn't matter how many threads are generated (tests were ran with the app spawning between 2 to 32 threads). The algorithm always runs significantly slower on the UAT W2003 server? How could this be? Surely the app should run faster on a 8 cpu (Quad-Core) than my 2 Quad work station? Why are we seeing no performance gains with the multi-threading on the W2003 server whilst the XP workstation tests show gains of up to 40%? Any help or pointers would be appreciated. Regards Myles

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  • ASP.NET 2.0 RijndaelManaged encryption algorithm vs. FIPS

    - by R Rush
    I'm running into an issue with an ASP.NET 2.0 application. Our network folks just upped our security, and now I get the floowing error whenever I try to access the app: "This implementation is not part of the Windows Platform FIPS validated cryptographic algorithms." I've done a little research, and it sounds like ASP.NET uses the RijndaelManaged AES encryption algorithm to encrypt the ViewState of pages... and RijndaelManaged is on the list of algorithms that aren't FIPS compliant. We're certainly not explicitly calling any encryption algorithm... much less anything on the non-compliant list. This ViewState business makes sense to me, I guess. The thing I can't muddle out, though, is what to do about it. I've found a KB article that suggests using a web.config setting to specify a different algorithm... but either that didn't stick, or that algorithm isn't up to snuff, either. So: 1) Is the RijndaelManaged / ViewState thing actually the problem? Or am I barking up the wrong tree? 2) How to I specify what algorithm to use instead of RijndaelManaged? I've got a list of algorithms that are and aren't compliant; I'm just not sure where to plug that information in. Thanks! Richard

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  • Most efficient method to query a Young Tableau

    - by Matthieu M.
    A Young Tableau is a 2D matrix A of dimensions M*N such that: i,j in [0,M)x[0,N): for each p in (i,M), A[i,j] <= A[p,j] for each q in (j,N), A[i,j] <= A[i,q] That is, it's sorted row-wise and column-wise. Since it may contain less than M*N numbers, the bottom-right values might be represented either as missing or using (in algorithm theory) infinity to denote their absence. Now the (elementary) question: how to check if a given number is contained in the Young Tableau ? Well, it's trivial to produce an algorithm in O(M*N) time of course, but what's interesting is that it is very easy to provide an algorithm in O(M+N) time: Bottom-Left search: Let x be the number we look for, initialize i,j as M-1, 0 (bottom left corner) If x == A[i,j], return true If x < A[i,j], then if i is 0, return false else decrement i and go to 2. Else, if j is N-1, return false else increment j This algorithm does not make more than M+N moves. The correctness is left as an exercise. It is possible though to obtain a better asymptotic runtime. Pivot Search: Let x be the number we look for, initialize i,j as floor(M/2), floor(N/2) If x == A[i,j], return true If x < A[i,j], search (recursively) in A[0:i-1, 0:j-1], A[i:M-1, 0:j-1] and A[0:i-1, j:N-1] Else search (recursively) in A[i+1:M-1, 0:j], A[i+1:M-1, j+1:N-1] and A[0:i, j+1:N-1] This algorithm proceed by discarding one of the 4 quadrants at each iteration and running recursively on the 3 left (divide and conquer), the master theorem yields a complexity of O((N+M)**(log 3 / log 4)) which is better asymptotically. However, this is only a big-O estimation... So, here are the questions: Do you know (or can think of) an algorithm with a better asymptotical runtime ? Like introsort prove, sometimes it's worth switching algorithms depending on the input size or input topology... do you think it would be possible here ? For 2., I am notably thinking that for small size inputs, the bottom-left search should be faster because of its O(1) space requirement / lower constant term.

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  • scrabble algorithm....

    - by teddy
    I'm making algorithm like crossword, but I dont know how to design the algorithm. For example: there are words like 'car', 'apple' in the dictionary. the word 'app' is given on the board. there are letters like 'l' 'e' 'c' 'r'....for making words. So the algorithm's task is to make correct words which are stored in dictionary. app - lapp - leapp - lecapp - .... - lappe - eappc - ... - appl - apple (correct answer) What is the best solution for this algorithm?

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  • Efficient way of calculating average difference of array elements from array average value

    - by Saysmaster
    Is there a way to calculate the average distance of array elements from array average value, by only "visiting" each array element once? (I search for an algorithm) Example: Array : [ 1 , 5 , 4 , 9 , 6 ] Average : ( 1 + 5 + 4 + 9 + 6 ) / 5 = 5 Distance Array : [|1-5|, |5-5|, |4-5|, |9-5|, |6-5|] = [4 , 0 , 1 , 4 , 1 ] Average Distance : ( 4 + 0 + 1 + 4 + 1 ) / 5 = 2 The simple algorithm needs 2 passes. 1st pass) Reads and accumulates values, then divides the result by array length to calculate average value of array elements. 2nd pass) Reads values, accumulates each one's distance from the previously calculated average value, and then divides the result by array length to find the average distance of the elements from the average value of the array. The two passes are identical. It is the classic algorithm of calculating the average of a set of values. The first one takes as input the elements of the array, the second one the distances of each element from the array's average value. Calculating the average can be modified to not accumulate the values, but caclulating the average "on the fly" as we sequentialy read the elements from the array. The formula is: Compute Running Average of Array's elements ------------------------------------------- RA[i] = E[i] {for i == 1} RA[i] = RA[i-1] - RA[i-1]/i + A[i]/i { for i > 1 } Where A[x] is the array's element at position x, RA[x] is the average of the array's elements between position 1 and x (running average). My question is: Is there a similar algorithm, to calculate "on the fly" (as we read the array's elements), the average distance of the elements from the array's mean value? The problem is that, as we read the array's elements, the final average value of the array is not known. Only the running average is known. So calculating differences from the running average will not yield the correct result. I suppose, if such algorithm exists, it probably should have the "ability" to compensate, in a way, on each new element read for the error calculated as far.

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  • Are mathematical Algorithms protected by copyright?

    - by analogy
    I wish to implement an algorithm which i read in a journal paper in my software (commercial). I want to know if this is allowed or not. The algorithm in question is described in http://arxiv.org/abs/0709.2938 It is a very simple algorithm and a number of implementations exist in python (http://igraph.sourceforge.net/) and java. One of them is in gpl another which i got from a different researcher and had no license attached. There are significant differences in two implementations, e.g. second one uses threads and multiple cores. It is possible to rewrite/ (not translate) the algorithm. So can I use it in my software or on a server for commercial purpose. Thanks UPDATE: I am completely aware of copyright on the text of paper, it was published in phys rev E. I am concerned with use of the algorithm, in commercial software. Also the publication means that unless the patent has been already filed. The method has been disclosed publicly hence barring patent in future. Also the GPL implementation is not by authors themselves but comes from a third party. Finally i am not using the GPL implementation but creating my own using C++.

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  • Packing differently sized chunks of data into multiple bins

    - by knizz
    EDIT: It seems like this problem is called "Cutting stock problem" I need an algorithm that gives me the (space-)optimal arrangement of chunks in bins. One way would be put the bigger chunks in first. But see how that algorithm fails in this example: Chunks Bins ----------------------------- AAA BBB CC DD ( ) ( ) Algorithm Result ----------------------------- biggest first (AAABBB ) (CC ) optimal (AAACCDD) (BBB) "Biggest first" can't fit in DD. Maybe it helps to build a table like this: Size 1: --- Size 2: CC, DD Size 3: AAA, BBB Size 4: CCDD Size 5: AAACC, AAADD, BBBCC, BBBDD Size 6: AAABBB Size 7: AAACCDD, BBBCCDD Size 8: AAABBBCC, AAABBBDD Size 10: AAABBBCCDD

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  • Are mathamatical Algorithms protected by copyright

    - by analogy
    I wish to implement an algorithm which i read in a journal paper in my software (commercial). I want to know if this is allowed or not. The algorithm in question is described in http://arxiv.org/abs/0709.2938 It is a very simple algorithm and a number of implementations exist in python (http://igraph.sourceforge.net/) and java. One of them is in gpl another which i got from a different researcher and had no license attached. There are significant differences in two implementations, e.g. second one uses threads and multiple cores. It is possible to rewrite/ (not translate) the algorithm. So can I use it in my software or on a server for commercial purpose. Thanks

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  • Plotting an Arc in Discrete Steps

    - by phobos51594
    Good afternoon, Background My question relates to the plotting of an arbitrary arc in space using discrete steps. It is unique, however, in that I am not drawing to a canvas in the typical sense. The firmware I am designing is for a gcode interpreter for a CNC mill that will translate commands into stepper motor movements. Now, I have already found a similar question on this very site, but the methodology suggested (Bresenham's Algorithm) appears to be incompatable for moving an object in space, as it only relies on the calculation of one octant of a circle which is then mirrored about the remaining axes of symmetry. Furthermore, the prescribed method of calculation an arc between two arbitrary angles relies on trigonometry (I am implementing on a microcontroller and would like to avoid costly trig functions, if possible) and simply not taking the steps that are out of the range. Finally, the algorithm only is designed to work in one rotational direction (e.g. counterclockwise). Question So, on to the actual question: Does anyone know of a general-purpose algorithm that can be used to "draw" an arbitrary arc in discrete steps while still giving respect to angular direction (CW / CCW)? The final implementation will be done in C, but the language for the purpose of the question is irrelevant. Thank you in advance. References S.O post on drawing a simple circle using Bresenham's Algorithm: "Drawing" an arc in discrete x-y steps Wiki page describing Bresenham's Algorithm for a circle http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midpoint_circle_algorithm Gcode instructions to be implemented (see. G2 and G3) http://linuxcnc.org/docs/html/gcode.html

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  • Books on string algorithms

    - by Max
    There have been numerous posts on string algorithms: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/246961/algorithm-to-find-similar-text, http://stackoverflow.com/questions/451884/similar-string-algorithm, http://stackoverflow.com/questions/613133/efficient-string-matching-algorithm However, no general literature was mentioned. Could anyone recommend a book(s) that would thoroughly explore various string algorithms? The topic which is of special interest is approximate string matching [things like google-offered corrected search string variants :) ]. Thanks a lot for advice.

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  • List modification in Python

    - by user2945143
    We are given an algorithm to modify a list of numbers from 1 to 28. There are 5 steps in the algorithm. We have written functions for each step (all correct). We need to write a function that combines all 5 steps. The algorithm modifies the list to get a value. Each time you get a new value, you use the list created by the algorithm from the previous step. This is what we have gotten so far for the code: get_card_at_top_index(insert_top_to_bottom(triple_cut((move_joker_2( move_joker_1(deck)))))) When we run the code to generate the get_card_at_top_index, the first answer is correct. However, the rest are not. Instead of using from the new list, python uses the value that it generated from the last step. What did we do wrong? UPDATE: The other 5 codes passed the tests, they are correct. Code 1 (List) = list1 Code 2 (list1) = list2 Code 3 (list2) = list3 Code 4 (list3) = list4 Code 5 (list4) = list5 we generate a number from 5. We need to run the algorithm again to generate 25 more numbers. We will use list 5 start from step 1

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  • How to find pythagorean triplets in an array faster than O(N^2)?

    - by SS
    Can someone suggest an algorithm that finds all Pythagorean triplets among numbers in a given array? If it's possible, please, suggest an algorithm faster than O(n2). Pythagorean triplet is a set {a,b,c} such that a2 = b2 + c2. Example: for array [9, 2, 3, 4, 8, 5, 6, 10] the output of the algorithm should be {3, 4, 5} and {6, 8, 10}.

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  • question on find value in array

    - by davit-datuashvili
    i have seen a few days ago such problem there is given two array find elements which are common of these array one of the solution was sort big array and then use binary search algorithm and also there is another algorithm- brute-force algorithm for (int i=0;i<array1.length;i++){ for (int j=0;j<array2.length;j++){ if (array1[i]==array2[j]){ //code here } } it's complexity is O(array1.length*array2.length); and i am interested the first method's complexity is also same yes? because we should sort array first and then use search method binary search algorithm's complexity is log_2(n) so it means that total time will be array.length*log_2(n) and about sort? please explain me which is better

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  • Splitting values into groups evenly

    - by Paul Knopf
    Let me try to explain the situation the best I can. Lets say I have 3 values 1, 2, 3 I tell an algorithm to split this values into x columns. Lets say x = 2 for clarification. The algorithm determines that the group of values is best put into two columns the following way. 1st column 2nd column --------------------------- 1 3 2 Each column has an even number (totals, not literals) value. Now lets say I have the following values 7, 8, 3, 1, 4 I tell the algorithm that I want the values split into 3 columns. The algorithm now tells me that the following is the best fit. 1st column 2nd column 3rd column 8 7 3 1 4 Notice how the columns arent quiet even, but it is as close as it can get. A little over and a little under is considered ok, as long as the list is AS CLOSE TO EVEN AS IT CAN BE. Anybody got any suggestions? Know any good methods of doing this?

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  • bulls and cows game -- programming algorithm(python)

    - by IcyFlame
    This is a simulation of the game Cows and Bulls with three digit numbers I am trying to get the number of cows and bulls between two numbers. One of which is generated by the computer and the other is guessed by the user. I have parsed the two numbers I have so that now I have two lists with three elements each and each element is one of the digits in the number. So: 237 will give the list [2,3,7]. And I make sure that the relative indices are maintained.the general pattern is:(hundreds, tens, units). And these two lists are stored in the two lists: machine and person. ALGORITHM 1 So, I wrote the following code, The most intuitive algorithm: cows and bulls are initialized to 0 before the start of this loop. for x in person: if x in machine: if machine.index(x) == person.index(x): bulls += 1 print x,' in correct place' else: print x,' in wrong place' cows += 1 And I started testing this with different type of numbers guessed by the computer. Quite randomly, I decided on 277. And I guessed 447. Here, I got the first clue that this algorithm may not work. I got 1 cow and 0 bulls. Whereas I should have got 1 bull and 1 cow. This is a table of outputs with the first algorithm: Guess Output Expected Output 447 0 bull, 1 cow 1 bull, 1 cow 477 2 bulls, 0 cows 2 bulls, 0 cows 777 0 bulls, 3 cows 2 bulls, 0 cows So obviously this algorithm was not working when there are repeated digits in the number randomly selected by the computer. I tried to understand why these errors are taking place, But I could not. I have tried a lot but I just could not see any mistake in the algorithm(probably because I wrote it!) ALGORITHM 2 On thinking about this for a few days I tried this: cows and bulls are initialized to 0 before the start of this loop. for x in range(3): for y in range(3): if x == y and machine[x] == person[y]: bulls += 1 if not (x == y) and machine[x] == person[y]: cows += 1 I was more hopeful about this one. But when I tested this, this is what I got: Guess Output Expected Output 447 1 bull, 1 cow 1 bull, 1 cow 477 2 bulls, 2 cows 2 bulls, 0 cows 777 2 bulls, 4 cows 2 bulls, 0 cows The mistake I am making is quite clear here, I understood that the numbers were being counted again and again. i.e.: 277 versus 477 When you count for bulls then the 2 bulls come up and thats alright. But when you count for cows: the 7 in 277 at units place is matched with the 7 in 477 in tens place and thus a cow is generated. the 7 in 277 at tens place is matched with the 7 in 477 in units place and thus a cow is generated.' Here the matching is exactly right as I have written the code as per that. But this is not what I want. And I have no idea whatsoever on what to do after this. Furthermore... I would like to stress that both the algorithms work perfectly, if there are no repeated digits in the number selected by the computer. Please help me with this issue. P.S.: I have been thinking about this for over a week, But I could not post a question earlier as my account was blocked(from asking questions) because I asked a foolish question. And did not delete it even though I got 2 downvotes immediately after posting the question.

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  • Technique to Solve Hard Programming logic

    - by Paresh Mayani
    I have heard about many techniques which are used by developer/software manager to solve hard programming logic or to create flow of an application and this flow will be implemented by developers to create an actual application. Some of the technique which i know, are: Flowchart Screen-Layout Data Flow Diagram E-R Diagram Algorithm of every programs I'd like to know about two facts: (1) Are there any techniques other than this ? (2) Which one is the most suitable to solve hard programming logic and process of application creation?

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  • Error: Cannot find .net assembly during FxCop analysis

    - by Draco
    I'm running FxCop from MSBuild and during the analysis it throws an error stating that it could not find the System.XML assembly and that I need to specify the location using the /directory parameter, which I then did but it didn't work. Any idea what I should do? I am running it on projects built on .Net 4.0

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  • Data Mining - Predictive Analysis

    - by IMHO
    We are looking at acquiring Data Mining software to primarily run predictive analysis processes. How does SQL Server Data Mining solution compares to other solutions like SPSS from IBM? Since SQL Server DM is included in SQL Server Enterprise license - what would be the justification to spend extra couple 100K to buy separate software just to do DM?

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