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• Is there a filesystem firewall?

  - by Jenko

  Ever since firewalls appeared on the scene, it became hard for rogue programs to access the internet. But you and I know that running applications get unrestricted access to the filesystem. They can read your files and send them to poppa. (programs such as web browsers and IM clients, which are allowed thru the internet firewall) Any way to know which programs are accessing your files? or limit their access to a specific partition?

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• Can I increase Windows 7 start menu vertical size to let mire items fit in it?

  - by Ivan

  I hate putting shortcuts/files on desktop as well as crawling through "All Programs" menu any frequently (and I only pin some essential every-day applications to the task bar). So, I put all the programs I occasionally use to the start menu itself (above the automatic recently used programs section). But even though I've switched it to use small icons, I run out of vertical space in it (just about 16 shortcuts fit there at maximum).

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• What's the difference between one-dash and two-dashes for command prompt parameters?

  - by Pacerier

  I was wondering why is it that some programs requires their command prompt parameters to have two dashes in front whereas some (most) only require one dash in front? For example most programs look like this: relaxer -dtd toc.xml toc_gr.xml toc_jp.xml Whereas some programs look like this: xmllint --valid toc.xml --noout What's the reason that some requires two dashes instead of one? Doesn't it make sense for everyone to stick to one standard (i.e. a single dash will do).

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• Windows 7 Start Menu: Height does not adapt

  - by bioslime

  Since a couple of days my start menu has a big blank space and just does not collapse. I played around with Store and display recently opened programs in the Start menu as well as Number of recent programs to display as is depicted at sevenforums.com. Note that doing so clears your list of recently opened programs. Anyway, my start menu still looks like: At least the space marked with a red rectangle should collapse.

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• Restarting or stopping apache results in waiting forever

  - by steko

  I have two simple WSGI apps running on top of mod_wsgi and apache2 on a test development server. There is no mod_python on this machine. The WSGI configuration is as follows WSGIDaemonProcess tops stack-size=524288 maximum-requests=5 WSGIScriptAlias /tops /home/ubuntu/tops-cloud/tops.wsgi <Directory /home/ubuntu/tops-cloud> WSGIProcessGroup tops WSGIApplicationGroup %{GLOBAL} Order deny,allow Allow from all </Directory> WSGIDaemonProcess flaskal maximum-requests=5 WSGIScriptAlias /c14 /home/ubuntu/c14/flaskal/flaskal.wsgi <Directory /home/ubuntu/c14/flaskal> WSGIProcessGroup flaskal WSGIApplicationGroup %{GLOBAL} Order deny,allow Allow from all </Directory> If I make changes to the app, I need to restart the web server, so I would expect that a simple sudo service apache2 restart does what I need. Same goes for any changes to the config (e.g. number of maximum requests, etc). Instead, it never ends "waiting", like this: $ sudo service apache2 restart * Restarting web server apache2 ... waiting .................................................. until I just do CTRL-C. At that point, the only way to resume a working server is to kill the process and restart it, not very convenient. The same happens with the stop command. The error logs at the "debug" level show the following lines after a failed restart [Wed Nov 14 21:55:19 2012] [notice] caught SIGTERM, shutting down [Wed Nov 14 21:55:19 2012] [info] mod_wsgi (pid=9047): Shutdown requested 'tops'. [Wed Nov 14 21:55:19 2012] [info] mod_wsgi (pid=9047): Stopping process 'tops'. [Wed Nov 14 21:55:19 2012] [info] mod_wsgi (pid=9047): Destroying interpreters. [Wed Nov 14 21:55:19 2012] [info] mod_wsgi (pid=9047): Cleanup interpreter ''. [Wed Nov 14 21:55:19 2012] [info] mod_wsgi (pid=9047): Terminating Python. [Wed Nov 14 21:55:19 2012] [info] mod_wsgi (pid=8920): Shutdown requested 'flaskal'. [Wed Nov 14 21:55:19 2012] [info] mod_wsgi (pid=8920): Stopping process 'flaskal'. [Wed Nov 14 21:55:19 2012] [info] mod_wsgi (pid=8920): Destroying interpreters. [Wed Nov 14 21:55:19 2012] [info] mod_wsgi (pid=8920): Cleanup interpreter ''. [Wed Nov 14 21:55:19 2012] [info] mod_wsgi (pid=8920): Terminating Python. [Wed Nov 14 21:55:19 2012] [info] mod_wsgi (pid=8920): Python has shutdown. [Wed Nov 14 21:55:19 2012] [info] mod_wsgi (pid=9047): Python has shutdown. If I then try to restart again (with the process still running), I get the following error: * Restarting web server apache2 (98)Address already in use: make_sock: could not bind to address 0.0.0.0:80 no listening sockets available, shutting down Unable to open logs Action 'start' failed. The Apache error log may have more information. Unfortunately the Apache error log doesn't have anything. When apache2 is running properly, both apps work without any problem.

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• How to make Microsoft JVM work on Windows 7?

  - by rics

  I am struggling with the following problem. I cannot install MS JVM 3810 properly on Windows 7. When I start Interner Explorer 8 without starting any java 1.1 programs choosing Java custom settings under Internet options causes the crash of the browser. I have some Java 1.1 programs that work well in Internet Explorer 8 on Windows XP after the installation of MS JVM 3810. I know that it is not advised to use this old JVM but it is not a short-term option to port the programs in newer Java since it contains 3rd party components. Complete rewrite is a long-term plan. Strangely jview and appletviewer (jview /a) works from a console so the MS JVM 3810 is not completely busted just IE 8 does not like it. The problem with the appletviewer is that it cannot connect to the server even if both signed and unsigned content in Java custom settings have been set to Enable all. (Since Java custom settings was unreachable due to the crash the modifications - including My computer - were performed through the registry and pre-checked to behave correctly on Windows XP and Internet Explorer 8.) If jview was working then I could at least think of a workaround. Is there a way to configure MS JVM or jview properly on Windows 7? Another options would be: Checking Internet Explorer 9 Beta. Using virtualbox and Windows XP older IE in it. Delaying Windows 7 upgrade. ... Update Finally we have modified all the programs to work parallelly as applet and application as well. This way the programs can still be used from browser on older Windows versions. On Windows 7 the applications are started from the desktop. Installation to all user machine can easily be solved since they already have a large common application drive. The code update is fortunately only a few lines of modification: including a main method in the applet class. Furthermore instead of the starting html page a bat file is used to set the classpath before the startup with jview.

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• How do you know which domain owns the hosting?

  - by BubbleStalker

  For example if I have 1) host adress 2) login 3) password, I am entering by SSH on ruby on rails hosting, then how can i be sured that this hosting belongs to a specific domain? for example how can I know if www.site.com - belongs to some specific hosting to which I have access. I am asking this because I have access to hosting of ruby on rails, and when i modify files, there is no changes, i've tried to use the files "script", "serv", "restart.txt" - by ssh: touch tmp/restart.txt ./serv restart script restart nothing of the above helped...and I don't know what to do, any ideas?

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• Run Windows in Ubuntu with VMware Player

  - by Matthew Guay

  Are you an enthusiast who loves their Ubuntu Linux experience but still needs to use Windows programs?  Here’s how you can get the full Windows experience on Ubuntu with the free VMware Player. Linux has become increasingly consumer friendly, but still, the wide majority of commercial software is only available for Windows and Macs.  Dual-booting between Windows and Linux has been a popular option for years, but this is a frustrating solution since you have to reboot into the other operating system each time you want to run a specific application.  With virtualization, you’ll never have to make this tradeoff.  VMware Player makes it quick and easy to install any edition of Windows in a virtual machine.  With VMware’s great integration tools, you can copy and paste between your Linux and Windows programs and even run native Windows applications side-by-side with Linux ones. Getting Started Download the latest version of VMware Player for Linux, and select either the 32-bit or 64-bit version, depending on your system.  VMware Player is a free download, but requires registration.  Sign in with your VMware account, or create a new one if you don’t already have one. VMware Player is fairly easy to install on Linux, but you will need to start out the installation from the terminal.  First, enter the following to make sure the installer is marked as executable, substituting version/build_number for the version number on the end of the file you downloaded. chmod +x ./VMware-Player-version/build_number.bundle Then, enter the following to start the install, again substituting your version number: gksudo bash ./VMware-Player-version/build_number.bundle You may have to enter your administrator password to start the installation, and then the VMware Player graphical installer will open.  Choose whether you want to check for product updates and submit usage data to VMware, and then proceed with the install as normal. VMware Player installed in only a few minutes in our tests, and was immediately ready to run, no reboot required.  You can now launch it from your Ubuntu menu: click Applications \ System Tools \ VMware Player. You’ll need to accept the license agreement the first time you run it. Welcome to VMware Player!  Now you can create new virtual machines and run pre-built ones on your Ubuntu desktop. Install Windows in VMware Player on Ubuntu Now that you’ve got VMware setup, it’s time to put it to work.  Click the Create a New Virtual Machine as above to start making a Windows virtual machine. In the dialog that opens, select your installer disk or ISO image file that you want to install Windows from.  In this example, we’re select a Windows 7 ISO.  VMware will automatically detect the operating system on the disk or image.  Click Next to continue. Enter your Windows product key, select the edition of Windows to install, and enter your name and password. You can leave the product key field blank and enter it later.  VMware will ask if you want to continue without a product key, so just click Yes to continue. Now enter a name for your virtual machine and select where you want to save it.  Note: This will take up at least 15Gb of space on your hard drive during the install, so make sure to save it on a drive with sufficient storage space. You can choose how large you want your virtual hard drive to be; the default is 40Gb, but you can choose a different size if you wish.  The entire amount will not be used up on your hard drive initially, but the virtual drive will increase in size up to your maximum as you add files.  Additionally, you can choose if you want the virtual disk stored as a single file or as multiple files.  You will see the best performance by keeping the virtual disk as one file, but the virtual machine will be more portable if it is broken into smaller files, so choose the option that will work best for your needs. Finally, review your settings, and if everything looks good, click Finish to create the virtual machine. VMware will take over now, and install Windows without any further input using its Easy Install.  This is one of VMware’s best features, and is the main reason we find it the easiest desktop virtualization solution to use.   Installing VMware Tools VMware Player doesn’t include the VMware Tools by default; instead, it automatically downloads them for the operating system you’re installing.  Once you’ve downloaded them, it will use those tools anytime you install that OS.  If this is your first Windows virtual machine to install, you may be prompted to download and install them while Windows is installing.  Click Download and Install so your Easy Install will finish successfully. VMware will then download and install the tools.  You may need to enter your administrative password to complete the install. Other than this, you can leave your Windows install unattended; VMware will get everything installed and running on its own. Our test setup took about 30 minutes, and when it was done we were greeted with the Windows desktop ready to use, complete with drivers and the VMware tools.  The only thing missing was the Aero glass feature.  VMware Player is supposed to support the Aero glass effects in virtual machines, and although this works every time when we use VMware Player on Windows, we could not get it to work in Linux.  Other than that, Windows is fully ready to use.  You can copy and paste text, images, or files between Ubuntu and Windows, or simply drag-and-drop files between the two. Unity Mode Using Windows in a window is awkward, and makes your Windows programs feel out of place and hard to use.  This is where Unity mode comes in.  Click Virtual Machine in VMware’s menu, and select Enter Unity. Your Windows desktop will now disappear, and you’ll see a new Windows menu underneath your Ubuntu menu.  This works the same as your Windows Start Menu, and you can open your Windows applications and files directly from it. By default, programs from Windows will have a colored border and a VMware badge in the corner.  You can turn this off from the VMware settings pane.  Click Virtual Machine in VMware’s menu and select Virtual Machine Settings.  Select Unity under the Options tab, and uncheck the Show borders and Show badges boxes if you don’t want them. Unity makes your Windows programs feel at home in Ubuntu.  Here we have Word 2010 and IE8 open beside the Ubuntu Help application.  Notice that the Windows applications show up in the taskbar on the bottom just like the Linux programs.  If you’re using the Compiz graphics effects in Ubuntu, your Windows programs will use them too, including the popular wobbly windows effect. You can switch back to running Windows inside VMware Player’s window by clicking the Exit Unity button in the VMware window. Now, whenever you want to run Windows applications in Linux, you can quickly launch it from VMware Player. Conclusion VMware Player is a great way to run Windows on your Linux computer.  It makes it extremely easy to get Windows installed and running, lets you run your Windows programs seamlessly alongside your Linux ones.  VMware products work great in our experience, and VMware Player on Linux was no exception. If you’re a Windows user and you’d like to run Ubuntu on Windows, check out our article on how to Run Ubuntu in Windows with VMware Player. Link Download VMware Player 3 (Registration required) Download Windows 7 Enterprise 90-day trial Similar Articles Productive Geek Tips Enable Copy and Paste from Ubuntu VMware GuestInstall VMware Tools on Ubuntu Edgy EftRestart the Ubuntu Gnome User Interface QuicklyHow to Add a Program to the Ubuntu Startup List (After Login)How To Run Ubuntu in Windows 7 with VMware Player TouchFreeze Alternative in AutoHotkey The Icy Undertow Desktop Windows Home Server – Backup to LAN The Clear & Clean Desktop Use This Bookmarklet to Easily Get Albums Use AutoHotkey to Assign a Hotkey to a Specific Window Latest Software Reviews Tinyhacker Random Tips Xobni Plus for Outlook All My Movies 5.9 CloudBerry Online Backup 1.5 for Windows Home Server Snagit 10 Get a free copy of WinUtilities Pro 2010 World Cup Schedule Boot Snooze – Reboot and then Standby or Hibernate Customize Everything Related to Dates, Times, Currency and Measurement in Windows 7 Google Earth replacement Icon (Icons we like) Build Great Charts in Excel with Chart Advisor

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• Use a Free Utility to Create Multiple Virtual Desktops in Windows

  - by Lori Kaufman

  If you’ve used Linux, you’re probably familiar with the virtual desktop feature. It provides a convenient way to organize programs and folders open on your desktop. You can switch among multiple desktops and have different programs and folders open on each one. However, virtual desktops is a feature missing in Windows. There are many third-party options for adding virtual desktops to Windows, including one called Dexpot, which we have covered previously. Dexpot is free, but only for private use. Companies, public institutions, non-profit organizations, and even freelancers and self-employed people must buy the program. We found another virtual desktop tool that is completely free for everyone to use, called mDesktop. It’s a lightweight, open source program that allows you to switch among multiple desktops using hot keys and specify open programs or folders to be active on all desktops. You can use mDesktop to group related programs or to work on different projects on separate desktops. mDesktop is portable and does not need to be installed. Simply extract the .zip file you downloaded (see the link at the end of this article) and double-click the mDesktop.exe file. How To Boot Your Android Phone or Tablet Into Safe Mode HTG Explains: Does Your Android Phone Need an Antivirus? How To Use USB Drives With the Nexus 7 and Other Android Devices

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• Problems with Maverick upgrade

  - by altenuta

  I upgraded to Maverick 10.10 from Lucid. I have an old Toshiba Satellite with a 1.1 MHz and 256MB RAM. Initially I couldn't get my wireless to work. That solved itself after installing various updates and programs. The problems that remain are: I have to authorize at least 2 times at start-up. This machine is Ubuntu only. No boot load screen. I have a ton of programs and system directories that are in my home folder. Is this normal? It is difficult to wake the computer from sleep. Usually I just shut it down and restart. Tonight I waited and got a message about corrupt memory. The computer takes forever to do just about everything. Slow to start programs or doing things on the web. I am a longtime Mac user (since 1986). I also manage a network of several windoze machines. I am definitely a GUI guy and do very little in the terminal so I really need to know where to begin to get things straightened out. Can I rescue this machine without wiping it and doing a fresh install? This is basically a hobby machine. Aside from all the programs and upgrades I've installed, I have almost no files or documents to worry about saving. Anyone have any ideas about the problems I'm having and the best way to proceed? Thanks, Al

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• A Virtual Seat at the Architect&rsquo;s Table

  - by Bob Rhubart

  I always have fun producing the Arch2Arch podcasts, but the latest batch was all that and a bag of chips, since I was required to do absolutely no preparation and very little talking, and since the conversation was reminiscent of those I’ve had with various architects (you know who you are) in various watering holes: free-ranging, extemporaneous, and far, far from dull. The three most recent programs were recorded during a virtual mini meet-up of architects back in February.  You’ll find more detail here, but in a nutshell, I invited several previous Arch2Arch panelists to join me on Skype to talk about whatever was on their minds.  The resulting conversation yielded the three latest programs. Check them out – it’s like you’re sitting at the table. Listen to Part 1 Listen to Part 2 Listen to Part 3 The conversation begins with the participant’s responses to my challenge to fill in the blank in the sentence “Most conversations about Enterprise Architecture are too ____.” From there the conversation morphed into a discussion of the sheer joy of finding funding for architecture projects. The architects seated at the virtual table in these programs are:  Todd Biske, a veteran enterprise architect and the author of the book SOA Governace, from Packt Publishing. ( LinkedIn | Twitter | Blog | Oracle Mix ) Jordan Braunstein, an Oracle ACE Director and the Business Integration and Architecture Partner at TUSC. (Blog | Twitter | LinkedIn | Oracle Mix) Basheer Khan,  also an Oracle ACE Director, and the founder and CEO of Innowave Technology (Blog | LinkedIn | Twitter | Oracle Mix) Pat Shepherd, an enterprise architect with the Oracle Enterprise Solutions Group. (Oracle Mix | LinkedIn | Blog) Coming Soon I was so pleased with the results of this meet-up format that I did the same thing for the next series of programs.  These free-ranging conversations feature a different group of participants, covering a different set topics, including the fear of SOA, the misunderstanding and misinformation behind that fear, and the idea of beauty in architecture. Yeah, you read that right. So stay tuned: RSS   Technorati Tags: oracle,otn,enterprise architecture,podcast. arch2arch,meet-up del.icio.us Tags: oracle,otn,enterprise architecture,podcast. arch2arch,meet-up

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• How do you control what your C compiler Optimizes?

  - by Jordan S

  I am writing the firmware for an embedded device in C using the Silicon Labs IDE and the SDCC compiler. The device architecture is based on the 8051 family. The function in question is shown below. The function is used to set the ports on my MCU to drive a stepper motor. It gets called in by an interrupt handler. The big switch statement just sets the ports to the proper value for the next motor step. The bottom part of the function looks at an input from a hall effect sensor and a number of steps moved in order to detect if the motor has stalled. The problem is, for some reason the second IF statement that looks like this if (StallDetector > (GapSize + 20)) { HandleStallEvent(); } always seems to get optimized out. If I try to put a breakpoint at the HandleStallEvent() call the IDE gives me a message saying "No Address Correlation to this line number". I am not really good enough at reading assembly to tell what it is doing but I have pasted a snippet from the asm output below. Any help would be much appreciated. void OperateStepper(void) { //static bit LastHomeMagState = HomeSensor; static bit LastPosMagState = PosSensor; if(PulseMotor) { if(MoveDirection == 1) // Go clockwise { switch(STEPPER_POSITION) { case 'A': STEPPER_POSITION = 'B'; P1 = 0xFD; break; case 'B': STEPPER_POSITION = 'C'; P1 = 0xFF; break; case 'C': STEPPER_POSITION = 'D'; P1 = 0xFE; break; case 'D': STEPPER_POSITION = 'A'; P1 = 0xFC; break; default: STEPPER_POSITION = 'A'; P1 = 0xFC; } //end switch } else // Go CounterClockwise { switch(STEPPER_POSITION) { case 'A': STEPPER_POSITION = 'D'; P1 = 0xFE; break; case 'B': STEPPER_POSITION = 'A'; P1 = 0xFC; break; case 'C': STEPPER_POSITION = 'B'; P1 = 0xFD; break; case 'D': STEPPER_POSITION = 'C'; P1 = 0xFF; break; default: STEPPER_POSITION = 'A'; P1 = 0xFE; } //end switch } //end else MotorSteps++; StallDetector++; if(PosSensor != LastPosMagState) { StallDetector = 0; LastPosMagState = PosSensor; } else { if (PosSensor == ON) { if (StallDetector > (MagnetSize + 20)) { HandleStallEvent(); } } else if (PosSensor == OFF) { if (StallDetector > (GapSize + 20)) { HandleStallEvent(); } } } } //end if PulseMotor } ... and the asm output for the the bottom part of this function... ; C:\SiLabs\Optec Programs\HSFW_HID_SDCC_2\MotionControl.c:653: if(PosSensor != LastPosMagState) mov c,_P1_4 jb _OperateStepper_LastPosMagState_1_1,00158$ cpl c 00158$: jc 00126$ C$MotionControl.c$655$3$7 ==. ; C:\SiLabs\Optec Programs\HSFW_HID_SDCC_2\MotionControl.c:655: StallDetector = 0; clr a mov _StallDetector,a mov (_StallDetector + 1),a C$MotionControl.c$657$3$7 ==. ; C:\SiLabs\Optec Programs\HSFW_HID_SDCC_2\MotionControl.c:657: LastPosMagState = PosSensor; mov c,_P1_4 mov _OperateStepper_LastPosMagState_1_1,c ret 00126$: C$MotionControl.c$661$2$8 ==. ; C:\SiLabs\Optec Programs\HSFW_HID_SDCC_2\MotionControl.c:661: if (PosSensor == ON) jb _P1_4,00123$ C$MotionControl.c$663$4$9 ==. ; C:\SiLabs\Optec Programs\HSFW_HID_SDCC_2\MotionControl.c:663: if (StallDetector > (MagnetSize + 20)) mov a,_MagnetSize mov r2,a rlc a subb a,acc mov r3,a mov a,#0x14 add a,r2 mov r2,a clr a addc a,r3 mov r3,a clr c mov a,r2 subb a,_StallDetector mov a,r3 subb a,(_StallDetector + 1) jnc 00130$ C$MotionControl.c$665$5$10 ==. ; C:\SiLabs\Optec Programs\HSFW_HID_SDCC_2\MotionControl.c:665: HandleStallEvent(); ljmp _HandleStallEvent 00123$: C$MotionControl.c$668$2$8 ==. ; C:\SiLabs\Optec Programs\HSFW_HID_SDCC_2\MotionControl.c:668: else if (PosSensor == OFF) jnb _P1_4,00130$ C$MotionControl.c$670$4$11 ==. ; C:\SiLabs\Optec Programs\HSFW_HID_SDCC_2\MotionControl.c:670: if (StallDetector > (GapSize + 20)) mov a,#0x14 add a,_GapSize mov r2,a clr a addc a,(_GapSize + 1) mov r3,a clr c mov a,r2 subb a,_StallDetector mov a,r3 subb a,(_StallDetector + 1) jnc 00130$ C$MotionControl.c$672$5$12 ==. ; C:\SiLabs\Optec Programs\HSFW_HID_SDCC_2\MotionControl.c:672: HandleStallEvent(); C$MotionControl.c$678$2$1 ==. XG$OperateStepper$0$0 ==. ljmp _HandleStallEvent 00130$: ret It looks to me like the compiler is NOT optimizing out this second if statement from the looks of the asm but if that is the case why does the IDE not allow me so set a breakpoint there? Maybe it's just a dumb IDE!

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• HTG Explains: Why Does Rebooting a Computer Fix So Many Problems?

  - by Chris Hoffman

  Ask a geek how to fix a problem you’ve having with your Windows computer and they’ll likely ask “Have you tried rebooting it?” This seems like a flippant response, but rebooting a computer can actually solve many problems. So what’s going on here? Why does resetting a device or restarting a program fix so many problems? And why don’t geeks try to identify and fix problems rather than use the blunt hammer of “reset it”? This Isn’t Just About Windows Bear in mind that this soltion isn’t just limited to Windows computers, but applies to all types of computing devices. You’ll find the advice “try resetting it” applied to wireless routers, iPads, Android phones, and more. This same advice even applies to software — is Firefox acting slow and consuming a lot of memory? Try closing it and reopening it! Some Problems Require a Restart To illustrate why rebooting can fix so many problems, let’s take a look at the ultimate software problem a Windows computer can face: Windows halts, showing a blue screen of death. The blue screen was caused by a low-level error, likely a problem with a hardware driver or a hardware malfunction. Windows reaches a state where it doesn’t know how to recover, so it halts, shows a blue-screen of death, gathers information about the problem, and automatically restarts the computer for you . This restart fixes the blue screen of death. Windows has gotten better at dealing with errors — for example, if your graphics driver crashes, Windows XP would have frozen. In Windows Vista and newer versions of Windows, the Windows desktop will lose its fancy graphical effects for a few moments before regaining them. Behind the scenes, Windows is restarting the malfunctioning graphics driver. But why doesn’t Windows simply fix the problem rather than restarting the driver or the computer itself?  Well, because it can’t — the code has encountered a problem and stopped working completely, so there’s no way for it to continue. By restarting, the code can start from square one and hopefully it won’t encounter the same problem again. Examples of Restarting Fixing Problems While certain problems require a complete restart because the operating system or a hardware driver has stopped working, not every problem does. Some problems may be fixable without a restart, though a restart may be the easiest option. Windows is Slow: Let’s say Windows is running very slowly. It’s possible that a misbehaving program is using 99% CPU and draining the computer’s resources. A geek could head to the task manager and look around, hoping to locate the misbehaving process an end it. If an average user encountered this same problem, they could simply reboot their computer to fix it rather than dig through their running processes. Firefox or Another Program is Using Too Much Memory: In the past, Firefox has been the poster child for memory leaks on average PCs. Over time, Firefox would often consume more and more memory, getting larger and larger and slowing down. Closing Firefox will cause it to relinquish all of its memory. When it starts again, it will start from a clean state without any leaked memory. This doesn’t just apply to Firefox, but applies to any software with memory leaks. Internet or Wi-Fi Network Problems: If you have a problem with your Wi-Fi or Internet connection, the software on your router or modem may have encountered a problem. Resetting the router — just by unplugging it from its power socket and then plugging it back in — is a common solution for connection problems. In all cases, a restart wipes away the current state of the software . Any code that’s stuck in a misbehaving state will be swept away, too. When you restart, the computer or device will bring the system up from scratch, restarting all the software from square one so it will work just as well as it was working before. “Soft Resets” vs. “Hard Resets” In the mobile device world, there are two types of “resets” you can perform. A “soft reset” is simply restarting a device normally — turning it off and then on again. A “hard reset” is resetting its software state back to its factory default state. When you think about it, both types of resets fix problems for a similar reason. For example, let’s say your Windows computer refuses to boot or becomes completely infected with malware. Simply restarting the computer won’t fix the problem, as the problem is with the files on the computer’s hard drive — it has corrupted files or malware that loads at startup on its hard drive. However, reinstalling Windows (performing a “Refresh or Reset your PC” operation in Windows 8 terms) will wipe away everything on the computer’s hard drive, restoring it to its formerly clean state. This is simpler than looking through the computer’s hard drive, trying to identify the exact reason for the problems or trying to ensure you’ve obliterated every last trace of malware. It’s much faster to simply start over from a known-good, clean state instead of trying to locate every possible problem and fix it. Ultimately, the answer is that “resetting a computer wipes away the current state of the software, including any problems that have developed, and allows it to start over from square one.” It’s easier and faster to start from a clean state than identify and fix any problems that may be occurring — in fact, in some cases, it may be impossible to fix problems without beginning from that clean state. Image Credit: Arria Belli on Flickr, DeclanTM on Flickr     

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• Varnish gets in a restart loop and causes the system to lock up; how can I fix?

  - by chrism2671

  Here is an extract from the syslog. Mar 2 14:01:10 ip-10-226-34-17 varnishd[20204]: Child (20205) not responding to ping, killing it. Mar 2 14:01:16 ip-10-226-34-17 varnishd[20204]: Child (20205) not responding to ping, killing it. Mar 2 14:01:16 ip-10-226-34-17 varnishd[20204]: Child (20205) died signal=3 Mar 2 14:01:21 ip-10-226-34-17 varnishd[20204]: Child cleanup complete Mar 2 14:01:21 ip-10-226-34-17 varnishd[20204]: child (13224) Started Mar 2 14:01:21 ip-10-226-34-17 varnishd[20204]: Child (13224) said Closed fds: 4 5 6 10 11 13 14 Mar 2 14:01:21 ip-10-226-34-17 varnishd[20204]: Child (13224) said Child starts Mar 2 14:01:21 ip-10-226-34-17 varnishd[20204]: Child (13224) said managed to mmap 536870912 bytes of 536870912 Mar 2 14:01:21 ip-10-226-34-17 varnishd[20204]: Child (13224) said Ready Mar 2 14:01:35 ip-10-226-34-17 varnishd[20204]: Child (13224) not responding to ping, killing it. Mar 2 14:02:10 ip-10-226-34-17 last message repeated 7 times Mar 2 14:03:15 ip-10-226-34-17 last message repeated 13 times Mar 2 14:03:20 ip-10-226-34-17 varnishd[20204]: Child (13224) not responding to ping, killing it. Mar 2 14:05:53 ip-10-226-34-17 varnishd[20204]: Child (13224) not responding to ping, killing it. Mar 2 14:05:53 ip-10-226-34-17 varnishd[20204]: Child (13224) not responding to ping, killing it. Mar 2 14:05:53 ip-10-226-34-17 varnishd[20204]: Child (13224) died signal=3 Mar 2 14:05:53 ip-10-226-34-17 varnishd[20204]: Child cleanup complete Mar 2 14:05:53 ip-10-226-34-17 varnishd[20204]: child (13288) Started I'm not expecting a solution here but any help just to decode what each line is doing would be very instructive. Many thanks!

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• No Wi-Fi after system reboot

  - by ILya

  Something strange is happening... I've installed a Wi-Fi card into my Ubuntu Server 11.04 machine. To configure it I do the following: sudo vi /etc/network/interfaces add: iface wlan0 inet dhcp wpa-driver wext wpa-ssid "Sweet Home" wpa-ap-scan 1 wpa-proto WPA wpa-pairwise TKIP wpa-group TKIP wpa-key-mgmt WPA-PSK wpa-psk <A KEY> auto wlan0 then: $ sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart * Running /etc/init.d/networking restart is deprecated because it may not enable again some interfaces * Reconfiguring network interfaces... ssh stop/waiting ssh start/running, process 1522 ssh stop/waiting ssh start/running, process 1590 And my machine successfully gets an ip to my wireless adapter. But after reboot it doesn't get any ip in wireless network. To fix it I run /etc/init.d/networking restart again and all is fine again - it gets an ip. I understand that I simply should add it to my startup scripts to make it work properly, but maybe there is a better way to configure it?

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• Ubuntu 14.04 and Dell E6440 - sound and mouse working after suspend/resume

  - by slawek.mikula

  I've installed fresh Ubuntu 14.04 on Dell Lattitude E6440 and i've encountered two strange issues when doing full system start/restart: - mouse scroll when full restart is working very fast. One turn of the wheel cause very large change of value (window scroll, sound change etc.) But when i suspend and resume laptop it starts working correctly (one turn of the wheel and small change of value - the same as in previous versions of Ubuntu) - sound from speakers - the same issue. When full restart the sound does not come from internal laptop speakers. It works though through headphones. After suspend/resume internal speakers starts to work. What can be a cause of these issues ?

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• Change resolution in Waking Mars

  - by Wes

  I purchased and installed the humble bundle game "Waking Mars" via the Ubuntu Software Center and it works really well except for some issues with changing settings, namely with the resolution. The in-game settings for changing resolution and entering/exiting fullscreen were easy enough to find and toggle, and when you do it asks to restart the application. When you restart it, all other settings you updated are reflected except for the changes to the resolution. (I'm trying to get it to play in windowed mode that fits onto one monitor, but it will only default to windowed mode with the full dual monitor resolution). I noticed that it writes these values to ~/.local/share/WakingMars/UserSettings.ini. When I change the resolution, it is properly written to in this settings file...but it never is reflected when you restart the application. Any ideas what's wrong?

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• Is there a Windows philosophy of programming?

  - by Maglob

  I've been programming both in Unix and Windows environments. Mostly I've worked in Unix, where I've learned Unix Philosophy, which can be summarized as Write programs that do one thing and do it well. Write programs to work together. Write programs to handle text streams, because that is a universal interface. There seems to be a clear difference in programming cultures between Unix and Windows worlds, for example: GUI vs CLI Registry vs config files Lots of tools specializing for any given need vs group of generic orthogonal tools which can combined Is there equivalent of "Unix philosophy" in Windows world? What Unix-programmer can learn from Windows or should be aware of when moving to programming in Windows? I would like answers to focus on the best practices of Windows programming (and not a fight between Windows and Unix).

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• Parsing stdout with custom format or standard format?

  - by linquize

  To integrate with other executables, a executable may launch another executable and capture its output from stdout. But most programs writes the output message to stdout in custom format and usually in human readable format. So it requires the system integrator to write a function to parse the output, which is considered trouble and the parser code may be buggy. Do you think this is old fashioned? Most Unix-style programs do that. Very few programs write to stdout in standard format such as XML or JSON, which is more modern. Example: Veracity (DVCS) writes JSON to stdout. Should we switch to use modern formats? For a console program, human readable or easy parsable: which is more important ?

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• 4 Places To Find Up-To-Date Antivirus Test Results Online

  - by Chris Hoffman

  Do you know how effective your antivirus programs is? A variety of organizations regularly compare antivirus programs, throwing a large amount of malware samples at them, seeing how they perform, and ranking them in comparison to each other. It would be very time-consuming to test 30 different antivirus programs in virtual machines with a large amount of malware samples yourself, which is why these test results are so useful. Why Does 64-Bit Windows Need a Separate “Program Files (x86)” Folder? Why Your Android Phone Isn’t Getting Operating System Updates and What You Can Do About It How To Delete, Move, or Rename Locked Files in Windows

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• What are some concepts people should understand before programming "big" projects?

  - by Abafei

  A person new to programming may be able to make a good small program. However, when starting to work on anything bigger than a small (think 1 C source file or Python module) program, there are some general concepts which become much more important when working on "big" (think many Python modules or C files) programs; one example is modularity, another is having a set aim. Some of these may be obvious to people who went to school to learn programming; however, people like me who did not go to programming classes sometimes have to learn these things from experience, possibly creating failed projects in the meantime. ================================================== Please explain what the concept is, and why the concept becomes more important for big programs than by small programs. Please give only 1 concept per answer.

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• What constitutes proper use of threads in programming?

  - by Smith

  I am tired of hearing people recommend that you should use only one thread per process, while many programs use up to 100 per process! take for example some common programs vb.net ide uses about 25 thread when not debugging System uses about 100 chrome uses about 19 Avira uses more than about 50 Any time I post a thread related question, I am reminded almost every time that I should not use more that one thread per process, and all the programs I mention above are ruining on my system with a single processor. What constitutes proper use of threads in programming? Please make general comment, but I'd prefer .NET framework thanks EDIT changed processor to process

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• What exactly can shaders be used for?

  - by Bane

  I'm not really a 3D person, and I've only used shaders a little in some Three.js examples, and so far I've got an impression that they are only being used for the graphical part of the equation. Although, the (quite cryptic) Wikipedia article and some other sources lead me to believe that they can be used for more than just graphical effects, ie, to program the GPU (Wikipedia). So, the GPU is still a processor, right? With a larger and a different instruction set for easier and faster vector manipulation, but still a processor. Can I use shaders to make regular programs (provided I've got access to the video memory, which is probable)? Edit: regular programs == "Applications", ie create windows/console programs, or at least have some way of drawing things on the screen, maybe even taking user input.

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• How should I trouble-shoot a frozen startup screen?

  - by Brian Dant

  The Problem: I'm running 10.04, and it suddenly started freezing after it boots. I can move the mouse, but I can't select anything. When the problem first started, there were only two things on the screen: 1. Gnome-Do 2. "Unlock Login Keyring" dialog box What I have done thus far: Asked myself if the keyboard was plugged in :-) Yes, it is. Tried to use ALT+F2 or CTRL+ALT+F1 per the "What Should I Do When Ubuntu Freezes" question. (Neither were responsive) Tried to reboot using the REISUB method (which did reboot, but I still had the same problem upon restart) Gnome-Do was in the autostart folder, and I removed it by deleting ~/.config/autostart/gnome-do.desktop Deleted my password keyring per this blog post Tried to kill and restart X with ALT+SysReq+K (Screen went black but X didn't restart) Tried to hit the Esc button What my screen is currently showing: My screen currently shows the "Choose password for new keyring" dialog box.

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• will Unity have a keyboard shortcut for accessing the "Session Menu" that appears on the panel?

  - by Sam

  I noticed in screen shots of Unity the presence of the "Session Menu" indicator in the right corner of the top-panel. This menu drops down to offer Log Out, Hibernate, Restart, Shut Down, etc. I know the keyboard shortcuts are not complete yet. But are there plans to implement a shortcut for accessing this Session Menu (i.e., so users can log out, restart & shut down without having to use the mouse)? Further, will the shortcut allow navigation through the menu by just typing the first letter of the listed word (e.g., R for restart and S for shut down)?

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