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• Problems building nodejs on MacOS Snow Leopard

  - by mrwooster

  I am having trouble building nodejs on MacOS Snow Leopard. I think it might have something to do with my PATH variable not being set correctly for the developer tools location. For some reason, the Developer tools (gcc, g++, make etc) are all stored in /Developer/usr/bin I added it to my PATH variable as follows: $ export PATH=$PATH:/Developer/usr/bin $ echo $PATH /opt/local/bin:/opt/local/sbin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/git/bin:/usr/X11/bin:/Developer/usr/bin When i try to configure it complains about not finding open-ssl, ok, not a big problem. So I try with --without-ssl : $ ./configure --without-ssl Checking for program g++ or c++ : /Developer/usr/bin/g++ Checking for program cpp : /Developer/usr/bin/cpp Checking for program ar : /usr/bin/ar Checking for program ranlib : /Developer/usr/bin/ranlib Checking for g++ : ok Checking for program gcc or cc : /Developer/usr/bin/gcc Checking for gcc : ok Checking for library dl : yes Checking for library util : yes Checking for library rt : not found --- libeio --- Checking for library pthread : yes Checking for function pthread_create : not found /Users/Guy/git_src/node/node/deps/libeio/wscript:13: error: the configuration failed (see '/Users/Guy/git_src/node/node/build/config.log') Anyone know how I can get round this? I am suspicious that it might be something to do with the PATH or another ENV variable, but not sure. Thanks G

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• Unable to access Windows share

  - by mbnoimi

  I've installed Alfresco 4.2.d under Ubuntu 12.04 LTS; Everything done fine except I can't access it from Windows share although I got the link from Alfresco explorer which is: file:///%5C%5CECSA%5CAlfresco%5CSites%5Cswsdp%5CdocumentLibrary%5CAgency%20Files%5CImages%5Ccoins.JPG I tried to access it from: \\ECSA but I failed too so I made a ping (192.168.0.70 is server IP) then I got: C:\Users\user>ping 192.168.0.70 Pinging 192.168.0.70 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 192.168.0.70: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=64 Reply from 192.168.0.70: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=64 Reply from 192.168.0.70: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=64 Reply from 192.168.0.70: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=64 Ping statistics for 192.168.0.70: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms C:\Users\user>ping ECSA Ping request could not find host ECSA. Please check the name and try C:\Users\user> Some logs of what's going on: C:\Users\user>net view ECSA System error 1707 has occurred. The network address is invalid. C:\Users\user>nbtstat -a 192.168.0.70 Local Area Connection: Node IpAddress: [192.168.0.84] Scope Id: [] NetBIOS Remote Machine Name Table Name Type Status --------------------------------------------- ECSA <20> UNIQUE Registered ECSA <00> UNIQUE Registered WORKGROUP <00> GROUP Registered MAC Address = 00-00-00-00-00-00 C:\Users\user> CIFS Server Configuration in file-servers.properties ### CIFS Server Configuration - file-servers.properties ### cifs.enabled=true cifs.serverName=${localname}A cifs.domain= cifs.broadcast=255.255.255.255 cifs.bindto=192.168.0.70 cifs.ipv6.enabled=false cifs.hostannounce=true cifs.disableNIO=false cifs.disableNativeCode=false cifs.sessionTimeout=900 cifs.maximumVirtualCircuitsPerSession=16 cifs.tcpipSMB.port=445 cifs.netBIOSSMB.sessionPort=139 cifs.netBIOSSMB.namePort=137 cifs.netBIOSSMB.datagramPort=138 cifs.WINS.autoDetectEnabled=true cifs.WINS.primary=192.168.0.70 cifs.WINS.secondary=192.168.0.1 cifs.sessionDebug= cifs.pseudoFiles.enabled=true cifs.pseudoFiles.explorerURL.enabled=true cifs.pseudoFiles.explorerURL.fileName=__Alfresco.url cifs.pseudoFiles.shareURL.enabled=false cifs.pseudoFiles.shareURL.fileName=__Share.url How can I fix this issue?

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• Mounting Replicated Gluster Multi-AZ Storage

  - by Roman Newaza

  I have Replicated Gluster Storage which is used by Auto scaling Servers. Both, Auto scaling and Storage are allocated in two Availability zones. Gluster: Number of Bricks: 4 x 2 = 8 Transport-type: tcp Bricks: Brick1: gluster01:/storage/1a # Zone A Brick2: gluster02:/storage/1b # Zone B Brick3: gluster03:/storage/2a # Zone A Brick4: gluster04:/storage/2b # Zone B Brick5: gluster01:/storage/3a # Zone A Brick6: gluster02:/storage/3b # Zone B Brick7: gluster03:/storage/4a # Zone A Brick8: gluster04:/storage/4b # Zone B I used Round Robin DNS for Gluster entry point, so DNS name resolves to all of the storage server addresses which are returned in different order all the time: # host storage.domain.com storage.domain.com has address xx.xx.xx.x1 storage.domain.com has address xx.xx.xx.x2 storage.domain.com has address xx.xx.xx.x3 storage.domain.com has address xx.xx.xx.x4 The Storage is mounted with Native Gluster Client: # grep storage /etc/fstab storage.domain.com:/storage /storage glusterfs defaults,log-level=WARNING,log-file=/var/log/gluster.log 0 0 I have heard Gluster might be mounted with the first Server IP and after that it will fetch its configuration with the rest of Servers. Personally, I never tested single Server mount setup and I don't know how Gluster handles this. On EC2, traffic among single Availability zone is free and between different zones is not. When Client in zone A writes to storage and IP of Storage in zone B is returned, it will cost me twice more for data transfer: Client (Zone A) - Storage Server (Zone B) - Replication to Storage Server (Zone A). Question: Would it be better to mount Storage Server of the same zone, so that data transfer charges apply only for replication (A - A - B)?

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• BGP Multihomed/Multi-location best practice

  - by Tom O'Connor

  We're in the process of designing a new iteration of our network where we improve resilliency by adding a second datacentre. We'll be adding a second datacentre, with an identical configuration of servers as our primary location. To achieve network connectivity, we're looking into a couple of possible methods. See earlier questions http://serverfault.com/questions/86736/best-way-to-improve-resilience and http://serverfault.com/questions/101582/dns-round-robin-failover-and-load-balancing I'm pretty convinced that BGP is the right way to go about this, and this question is not about RRDNS. 1) If we have 2 locations, do we announce the same IP address block from both locations? 2) If we did this, but had a management ssh interface on x.x.x.50 from datacentre A, but it was on x.x.x.150 in datacentre B. What is the best practice mechanism for achieving this? Because if I were nearest to A, then all my traffic would go to x.50, but if i attempted to connect to x.150, I'd not be able to connect, because this address wouldn't be valid at A, but only at B. Is the best solution to announce 2 different netblocks, one at each location, facilitating the need for RRDNS, or to announce a single block, and run some form of VPN between the two sites for managment traffic?

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• Unable to activate Windows XP

  - by Josh Kelley

  The latest round of Patch Tuesday updates left my Windows XP computer unbootable. ("Fatal System Error: The Windows Logon Process system process terminated unexpectedly.") After much messing around with the recovery console, an XP CD's repair mode, and manually copying registry files around, I have a system that can boot again. However, I overwrote my OEM XP installation's activation information while trying to run a retail XP CD's setup, so it needs reactivation. Here's my problem: I cannot activate it at all. I log in, Windows tells me I have to activate to continue, I click Yes, and absolutely nothing happens: no windows, no response to keyboard or mouse, no response to Ctrl-Alt-Del, nothing. Safe mode works, but I can't activate in safe mode (EDIT: not even safe mode with networking). I read a trick online of pressing [Windows Key]+U to bring up the Microsoft Narrator, and that works, but clicking its Microsoft Web Site link does nothing. My last attempt to resolve this was to reinstall Windows off of the OEM CD. Now I have two parallel Windows installations, both on the same hard drive, one with all of my stuff and no way to activate it, one fully activated with no usable programs. Any ideas? Any way to activate in safe mode? Any way to copy activation information from my activated installation to my unactivated installation (since they're both on the same hard drive)?

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• How to activate Win XP from Windows 7 compatibility mode on MacOS Parallels 5

  - by Ben Hammond

  I am running Parallels Desktop 5.0.9344 for Mac. I am running Mac OS 10.6.3 10D2094 I have bought a retail copy of Window 7 professional specifically because I need the XP compatibility. Windows 7 is installed and working. I have problems with the XP activation Windows7 'Virtual PC' does not run under Parallels (strange error about Server Execution failed 0x80080005). I have used the Parallels Transporter to convert the "Windows XP Mode Base.vhd" file into a parallels Virtual Machine. This copy of XP now starts normally, however it records itself as unregistered. There was a KEY.txt file in the same directory as the .vhd file; although this file contains a valid-looking activation key, it does not appear to activate the instance of XP. I have also tried to enter the Win7 activation key; this does not work either. I have tried calling the two phone numbers; an automated system asked me to enter 56 digits through the telephone and then accused me of being a pirate. I believe it may be possible to install Win7 via Bootcamp, start WinXP under Virtual PC, activate it and then import this activated .vhd into Parallels; but that seems a long way round, and is far from certain. What can I do to get WinXP running under Mac Parallels Desktop ?

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• Why can't I route to some sites from my MacBook Pro that I can see from my iPad?

  - by Robert Atkins

  I am on M1 Cable (residential) broadband in Singapore. I have an intermittent problem routing to some sites from my MacBook Pro—often Google-related sites (arduino.googlecode.com and ajax.googleapis.com right now, but sometimes even gmail.com.) This prevents StackExchange chat from working, for instance. Funny thing is, my iPad can route to those sites and they're on the same wireless network! I can ping the sites, but not traceroute to them which I find odd. That I can get through via the iPad implies the problem is with the MBP. In any case, calling M1 support is... not helpful. I get the same behaviour when I bypass the Airport Express entirely and plug the MBP directly into the cable modem. Can anybody explain a) how this is even possible and b) how to fix it? mella:~ ratkins$ ping ajax.googleapis.com PING googleapis.l.google.com (209.85.132.95): 56 data bytes 64 bytes from 209.85.132.95: icmp_seq=0 ttl=50 time=11.488 ms 64 bytes from 209.85.132.95: icmp_seq=1 ttl=53 time=13.012 ms 64 bytes from 209.85.132.95: icmp_seq=2 ttl=53 time=13.048 ms ^C --- googleapis.l.google.com ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 packets received, 0.0% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = 11.488/12.516/13.048/0.727 ms mella:~ ratkins$ traceroute ajax.googleapis.com traceroute to googleapis.l.google.com (209.85.132.95), 64 hops max, 52 byte packets traceroute: sendto: No route to host 1 traceroute: wrote googleapis.l.google.com 52 chars, ret=-1 *traceroute: sendto: No route to host traceroute: wrote googleapis.l.google.com 52 chars, ret=-1 ^C mella:~ ratkins$ The traceroute from the iPad goes (and I'm copying this by hand): 10.0.1.1 119.56.34.1 172.20.8.222 172.31.253.11 202.65.245.1 202.65.245.142 209.85.243.156 72.14.233.145 209.85.132.82 From the MBP, I can't traceroute to any of the IPs from 172.20.8.222 onwards. [For extra flavour, not being able to access the above appears to stop me logging in to Server Fault via OpenID and formatting the above traceroutes correctly. Anyone with sufficient rep here to do so, I'd be much obliged.]

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• Cisco ASA5505 won't sync with NTP

  - by Martijn Heemels

  Today I noticed that the clock my Cisco ASA 5505 firewall was running about 15 minutes late, which surprised me since I've set up the NTP client. My two NTP servers 10.10.0.1 and 10.10.0.2 are virtualized Windows Server 2008 R2 domain controllers, and both have the correct time. As shown below, the ASA knows about the two servers, can ping them and seems to poll them periodically, so I suppose it can reach them both. The ASA claims its time source is NTP, however the clock is unsynchronized. Neither host is marked as synced. Result of the command: "ping 10.10.0.1" Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.10.0.1, timeout is 2 seconds: !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/1 ms Result of the command: "sh ntp ass" address ref clock st when poll reach delay offset disp ~10.10.0.1 .LOCL. 1 78 1024 377 0.5 643.69 17.0 ~10.10.0.2 10.10.0.1 2 190 1024 377 0.9 655.91 58.4 * master (synced), # master (unsynced), + selected, - candidate, ~ configured Result of the command: "sh ntp stat" Clock is unsynchronized, stratum 16, no reference clock nominal freq is 99.9984 Hz, actual freq is 99.9984 Hz, precision is 2**6 reference time is 00000000.00000000 (07:28:16.000 CEST Thu Feb 7 2036) clock offset is 0.0000 msec, root delay is 0.00 msec root dispersion is 0.00 msec, peer dispersion is 0.00 msec Result of the command: "sh clock detail" 10:33:23.769 CEDT Tue Jun 26 2012 Time source is NTP UTC time is: 08:33:23 UTC Tue Jun 26 2012 Summer time starts 02:00:00 CEST Sun Mar 25 2012 Summer time ends 03:00:00 CEDT Sun Oct 28 2012 I've tried the basic steps of manually setting the time and removing and adding the timeservers, to no avail. My ASA's ntp config is simply: ntp server 10.10.0.1 ntp server 10.10.0.2 Do I need to enable authentication to use a Windows NTP server? Any thoughts?

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• how to design pound -> varnish -> jboss for ha + loadbalancing

  - by andreash

  Hello, I'm planning a new infrastructure for our web application. We have two JBossAS5 servers, running in a cluster. Session state will be replicated via JBoss Cache. In front of that, there should be some cache, to speed up delivery of static elements. However, most of the traffic to our app will be via HTTPS. So far, I had been thinking of two Varnish caches in front of the JBossASs, each being configured for loadbalancing to the two JBossASs via round-robin. Since Varnish doesn't handle HTTPS, then there would need to be two pound proxies in front of the Varnishs, dealing with the HTTPS. The two pounds would be made high-available with Heartbeat/LinuxHA. The traffic to www.example.com would then be going through our firewall, from there to the virtual IP of the pounds, from there to the Varnishs, and from there to the JBossASs. Question 1: Does this make sense? Or is it overly complicated, and the same goal can be reached with simpler methods? Question 2: If my layout is fine, how do I configure the pound - Varnish step? Should I a) make the Varnish service high-available through Heartbeat/LinuxHA as well and direct traffic from pound to the virtual IP of the Varnishs, or should I rather b) Configure two independent Varnishs and use load-balancing in pound to address the different Varnishs? Thanks a lot for your insight! Andreas.

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• Multicast image restoration with adaptive speed

  - by Clinton Blackmore

  I'm curious to know if there are any tools for restoring disk images (or even transferring files) via multicast -- for any platform, especially if the project has source available -- where the multicast rate adjusts itself on the fly. On the Mac, all multicast solutions I am aware of (such as Deploy Studio, and NetRestore before it) make use of multicast ASR (apple software restore), which has one glaring deficiency -- you have to set the multicast speed before you start sending a disk image over the network, and that speed is locked in. Either your clients can keep up and restore, or they can't*. It seems to me that it must be possible for the multicast server to adjust the data rate, so you basically say "start sending this image", clients connect, and, if they can't keep up, they tell the server so it slows down. (Likewise, I'd expect the server to try speeding up if no client is having difficulties keeping up, and I'd expect to be able to cap that maximum throughput so that other network activities can go on without being resource starved.) So, what sort of tools are out there? For Linux? Windows? Is there something for the Mac I've overlooked. [It just kills me that it is true that, by the time you get multicast up and going at a good speed to restore a lab, you could've unicasted the data to all the computers and be done.] * There is a little leeway involved. I think individual clients can say, "I missed a little bit of data" and get it, and they can opt to listen in the next time the image is sent over the network, but on the whole, if they missed it the first go round, you have to image the machine again, and there is no time savings.

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• Multi-IP address zimbra server DNS PTR records and spam

  - by David Fraser

  We have a mail server running Zimbra (ZCS 6.0.8). The server has 5 active public IP addresses in the same subnet. (.226-.230). I currently have A records for each of these (host0.domain.com..host4.domain.com), with the main host.domain.com of the machine pointing to .226. Our host has ended up being listed on the SORBS DUHL list (even though it's in a server farm). According to them you can get removed quickly by checking that your host has an MX record, an A record, and a PTR record that points back to the hostname given in the MX record. I tried setting the PTR records so that each of these addresses resolved back to their A record (i.e. .228 had a PTR to host2.domain.com). However, I then got mail being rejected from other servers because when Postfix (under Zimbra control) sends out mail, it uses the main hostname for the HELO - there doesn't seem to be any way to override it. So the PTR records currently say host.domain.com for all 5 IP addresses. What's the correct way to handle this? Should I have an A record for the domain that points to all the IP addresses (for round-robin handling)? I'm nervous of changes that could cause problems, so I'm wondering what the standard way to handle a multiple-IP-address mail server is.

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• CentOS 5.5 remote kickstart installation stalls at "Starting install process." How to debug?

  - by ewwhite

  Hello, I'm having a difficult time with a remote CentOS 5.5 kickstart installation on an HP ProLiant DL360 G6. This is in an environment where I maintain an internal CentOS yum repository. The kickstart installation and post scripts have been tested and normally work. This hardware is also common in this environment, so I do not believe that it is a factor. Unfortunately, I'm having problems with a specific server install. The system is remote to the yum repository at a distance of 500 miles. They are connected over a private low-latency 100-megabit layer 2 connection (26ms round-trip). I'm mounting the 10mb CentOS 5 netinstall ISO image via an HP ILO remote console. The initial boot parameters are: linux ks=http://yum.abctrading.com/prop.cfg ksdevice=eth0 ip=x.x.x.x dns=x.x.x.x netmask=255.255.255.0 gateway=x.x.x.x I'm using the url --url http://ks.abctrading.com/5.5/os/x86_64/ method of installation. This quickly boots into the anaconda installer, pulls the kickstart config and formats the drives. The process eventually halts at the screen below, reading "Starting install process.". Going to the other virtual consoles give the second image below. The process stalls at this point and cannot proceed with the rest of the installation. Running the same kickstart config locally works just fine. I've tried mounting the boot ISO from the console as well as from the ILO2 command line pointing to a locally-hosted boot ISO via http. How can I debug this? Are there any options I've overlooked?

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• How can I find files added to the system within X minutes of a specific time?

  - by Jack W-H

  I have done a fresh install of Mac OS X Mountain Lion today on a new MacBook. Because this was a new install, when I finally got round to configuring some of my own developer things, I was surprised to find some app had installed a binary into /usr/local/bin - a single binary called galileod. Interestingly, I can't find anything online about galileod. I had only installed the bare minimum of software at this point. Looking in the file columns I can see Date Modified was 9th November 2012, but Date Added to the system was today at 17:01. It's now 10:20PM and I can't remember which software I was installing at that point. So how do I find out which other files were installed to the system within, say, 5 minutes either side of 17:01? EDIT: I found out what galileod was by running galileod --help - it is a binary used with Fitbit to communicate with the USB dongle. So that's the mystery solved - but it would still be interesting to know how to find files added within X minutes of a timeframe for future reference.

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• Why can't I route to some sites from my MacBook Pro that I can see from my iPad? [closed]

  - by Robert Atkins

  I am on M1 Cable (residential) broadband in Singapore. I have an intermittent problem routing to some sites from my MacBook Pro—often Google-related sites (arduino.googlecode.com and ajax.googleapis.com right now, but sometimes even gmail.com.) This prevents StackExchange chat from working, for instance. Funny thing is, my iPad can route to those sites and they're on the same wireless network! I can ping the sites, but not traceroute to them which I find odd. That I can get through via the iPad implies the problem is with the MBP. In any case, calling M1 support is... not helpful. I get the same behaviour when I bypass the Airport Express entirely and plug the MBP directly into the cable modem. Can anybody explain a) how this is even possible and b) how to fix it? mella:~ ratkins$ ping ajax.googleapis.com PING googleapis.l.google.com (209.85.132.95): 56 data bytes 64 bytes from 209.85.132.95: icmp_seq=0 ttl=50 time=11.488 ms 64 bytes from 209.85.132.95: icmp_seq=1 ttl=53 time=13.012 ms 64 bytes from 209.85.132.95: icmp_seq=2 ttl=53 time=13.048 ms ^C --- googleapis.l.google.com ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 packets received, 0.0% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = 11.488/12.516/13.048/0.727 ms mella:~ ratkins$ traceroute ajax.googleapis.com traceroute to googleapis.l.google.com (209.85.132.95), 64 hops max, 52 byte packets traceroute: sendto: No route to host 1 traceroute: wrote googleapis.l.google.com 52 chars, ret=-1 *traceroute: sendto: No route to host traceroute: wrote googleapis.l.google.com 52 chars, ret=-1 ^C mella:~ ratkins$ The traceroute from the iPad goes (and I'm copying this by hand): 10.0.1.1 119.56.34.1 172.20.8.222 172.31.253.11 202.65.245.1 202.65.245.142 209.85.243.156 72.14.233.145 209.85.132.82 From the MBP, I can't traceroute to any of the IPs from 172.20.8.222 onwards. [For extra flavour, not being able to access the above appears to stop me logging in to Server Fault via OpenID and formatting the above traceroutes correctly. Anyone with sufficient rep here to do so, I'd be much obliged.]

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• Managing multiple Apache proxies simultaneously (mod_proxy_balancer)

  - by Hank

  The frontend of my web application is formed by currently two Apache reverse proxies, using mod_proxy_balancer to distribute traffic over a number of backend application servers. Both frontend reverse proxies, running on separate hosts, are accessible from the internet. DNS round robin distributes traffic over both. In the future, the number of reverse proxies is likely to grow, since the webapplication is very bandwidth-heavy. My question is: how do I keep the state of both reverse balancers / proxies in sync? For example, for maintenance purposes, I might want to reduce the load on one of the backend appservers. Currently I can do that by accessing the Balancer-Manager web form on each proxy, and change the distribution rules. But I have to do that on each proxy manually and make sure I enter the same stuff. Is it possible to "link" multiple instances of mod_proxy_balancer? Or is there a tool out there that connects to a number of instances, and updates all with the same information? Update: The tool should retrieve the runtime status and make runtime changes, just like the existing Balancer-Manager, only for a number of proxies - not just for one. Modification of configuration files is not what I'm interested in (as there are plenty tools for that).

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• Firefox crash on first load on Ubuntu Linux on Windows Laptop

  - by Ira Baxter

  I've had a Dell Latitude laptop since about 2000 without managing to destroy it. A month ago the Windows 2000 system on it did something stupid to its file system and Windows was completely lost. No point in reinstalling Windows 2000, so I installed an Ubuntu Linux on the laptop. Everything seems normal (installed, rebooted, I can log in, run GnuChess, poke about). ... but ... when I attempt to launch Firefox from the top bar menu icon, I get a bunch of disk activity, the whirling cursor icon goes round a bit and then everything stops: disk, icon, mouse. Literally nothing happens for 5 minutes. Ubuntu is dead, as far as I can tell. A reboot, and I can repeat this reliably. So on the face of it, everything works but Firefox. That seems really strange. The only odd thing about this system when Firefox is booting is that while it has an Ethernet port (that worked fine under Windows), it isn't actually plugged into an Ethernet. As this is the first Firefox boot since the Ubuntu install, maybe Firefox mishandles Internet access? Why would that crash Ubuntu? (I need to go try the obvious experiment of plugging it in).

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• Firefox crash on first load on Ubuntu Linux on older Dell Laptop

  - by Ira Baxter

  I've had a Dell Latitude laptop since about 2000 without managing to destroy it. A month ago the Windows 2000 system on it did something stupid to its file system and Windows was completely lost. No point in reinstalling Windows 2000, so I installed an Ubuntu Linux on the laptop. Everything seems normal (installed, rebooted, I can log in, run GnuChess, poke about). ... but ... when I attempt to launch Firefox from the top bar menu icon, I get a bunch of disk activity, the whirling cursor icon goes round a bit and then everything stops: disk, icon, mouse. Literally nothing happens for 5 minutes. Ubuntu is dead, as far as I can tell. A reboot, and I can repeat this reliably. So on the face of it, everything works but Firefox. That seems really strange. The only odd thing about this system when Firefox is booting is that while it has an Ethernet port (that worked fine under Windows), it isn't actually plugged into an Ethernet. As this is the first Firefox boot since the Ubuntu install, maybe Firefox mishandles Internet access? Why would that crash Ubuntu? (I need to go try the obvious experiment of plugging it in).

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• XP Pro freezes on welcome screen

  - by Peter B

  I have a problem that sounds much the same as http://superuser.com/questions/83101/how-to-diagnose-a-freeze-on-startup-in-windows-xp About every 2nd or 3rd boot, XP-Pro freezes on the Welcome page (the one showing the user name icons). The mouse moves the cursor OK, but clicking on an icon does nothing, and neither does any keystroke. If you press too many keys there is a beep and after that the mouse won't move the cursor anymore. The work-around is always to reboot into Safe mode and request a CHKDSK /R After this, the next boot is fine. There are no related entries in the Event log when the problem occurs. The only two entries are: "Microsoft (R) Windows (R) 5.01. 2600 Service Pack 3 Multiprocessor Free." "The Event log service was started." Update 1: Many thanks for that but I found no problems with any diagnostics I have run. But, I have managed to locate, and code round, the source of the problem - which is with whatever processing goes on behind the XP Welcome (as opposed to "classic") login screen. Unfortunately, having classic login means you don't get the useful Fast User Switching (FUS) login/switch mode. So, to retain this, my fix is: Add a Windows shutdown script (using gpedit.msc) to force "classic" mode for the first logon after next XP startup, by running: reg add "hklm\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon" /v LogonType /t REG_DWORD /d 0 /f Add a Scheduled Task to run at User Logon that enables Welcome screen (and hence FUS) by running the same command with 1 instead of 0 after the /d flag. The task is run as a privileged user (who can run "reg add").

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• How does Windows 7 DNS client work?

  - by Mark Allison

  I am using a local DHCP and DNS server on my home network on a linux machine. It is running CentOS 6.3 with dnsmasq 2.48. It's all working fine except for local DNS lookups for Windows machines only. I have a mix of Ubuntu, CentOS and Windows machines on the network, some virtual, some physical. I have a machine called boron and the domain is called localdomain If I ping boron from any linux machine, I get [root@lithium lists]# ping -c3 boron PING boron.localdomain (10.0.0.5) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from boron.localdomain (10.0.0.5): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.740 ms 64 bytes from boron.localdomain (10.0.0.5): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.478 ms 64 bytes from boron.localdomain (10.0.0.5): icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.458 ms --- boron.localdomain ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2000ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.458/0.558/0.740/0.131 ms If I do it from my Windows 7 machine, I get: Ping request could not find host boron. Please check the name and try again. If I try ping boron.localdomain I get: Pinging boron.localdomain [67.215.65.132] with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 67.215.65.132: bytes=32 time=16ms TTL=57 Reply from 67.215.65.132: bytes=32 time=188ms TTL=57 Reply from 67.215.65.132: bytes=32 time=15ms TTL=57 Reply from 67.215.65.132: bytes=32 time=14ms TTL=57 Ping statistics for 67.215.65.132: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 14ms, Maximum = 188ms, Average = 58ms which is clearly wrong. Why is it going out to the internet? Why can't my windows machine resolve the boron hostname to a FQDN? My Windows machines and linux machines get their network config from DHCP. UPDATE If I do ipconfig /all in Windows, it looks as I would expect: Windows IP Configuration Host Name . . . . . . . . . . . . : lanthanum Primary Dns Suffix . . . . . . . : Node Type . . . . . . . . . . . . : Hybrid IP Routing Enabled. . . . . . . . : No WINS Proxy Enabled. . . . . . . . : No DNS Suffix Search List. . . . . . : .localdomain Ethernet adapter Local Area Connection: Connection-specific DNS Suffix . : .localdomain Description . . . . . . . . . . . : Realtek PCIe GBE Family Controller Physical Address. . . . . . . . . : 50-E5-49-38-FC-A2 DHCP Enabled. . . . . . . . . . . : Yes Autoconfiguration Enabled . . . . : Yes IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 10.0.0.57(Preferred) Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0 Lease Obtained. . . . . . . . . . : 23 August 2012 13:58:45 Lease Expires . . . . . . . . . . : 24 August 2012 07:58:48 Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : 10.0.0.6 DHCP Server . . . . . . . . . . . : 10.0.0.6 DNS Servers . . . . . . . . . . . : 10.0.0.6 208.67.222.222 208.67.220.220 NetBIOS over Tcpip. . . . . . . . : Enabled When I do an nslookup I get: Server: carbon.localdomain Address: 10.0.0.6 *** carbon.localdomain can't find boron: Unspecified error However if I do ifconfig -a in Linux I get: [root@nitrogen ~]# ifconfig -a eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:AF:EC:2A inet addr:10.0.0.7 Bcast:10.0.0.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:187687 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:5857 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:23910700 (22.8 MiB) TX bytes:712964 (696.2 KiB) lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:329894 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:329894 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:67153143 (64.0 MiB) TX bytes:67153143 (64.0 MiB) and nslookup: [root@nitrogen ~]# nslookup boron Server: 10.0.0.6 Address: 10.0.0.6#53 Name: boron Address: 10.0.0.5 Both machines are on the same network using the same DHCP server. UPDATE 2 I thought the issue was resolved but I am getting intermittent DNS resolving issues but only on my Windows 7 machine. All my linux boxes are fine. This is what happens when I ping and nslookup from Windows to a Windows 2008 Server: C:\Users\mark>nslookup magnesium Server: carbon.localdomain Address: 10.0.0.6 Name: magnesium.localdomain Address: 10.0.0.12 C:\Users\mark>ping magnesium Pinging magnesium.localdomain [67.215.65.132] with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 67.215.65.132: bytes=32 time=267ms TTL=57 Reply from 67.215.65.132: bytes=32 time=162ms TTL=57 Reply from 67.215.65.132: bytes=32 time=510ms TTL=57 Reply from 67.215.65.132: bytes=32 time=146ms TTL=57 Ping statistics for 67.215.65.132: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 146ms, Maximum = 510ms, Average = 271ms And from Linux: [root@beryllium ~]# ping -c4 magnesium PING magnesium.localdomain (10.0.0.12) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from magnesium.localdomain (10.0.0.12): icmp_seq=1 ttl=128 time=0.176 ms 64 bytes from magnesium.localdomain (10.0.0.12): icmp_seq=2 ttl=128 time=0.634 ms 64 bytes from magnesium.localdomain (10.0.0.12): icmp_seq=3 ttl=128 time=0.685 ms 64 bytes from magnesium.localdomain (10.0.0.12): icmp_seq=4 ttl=128 time=0.263 ms --- magnesium.localdomain ping statistics --- 4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3002ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.176/0.439/0.685/0.223 ms [root@beryllium ~]# nslookup magnesium Server: 10.0.0.6 Address: 10.0.0.6#53 Name: magnesium.localdomain Address: 10.0.0.12 UPDATE 3 I stopped the Windows DNS client on my Windows 7 machine with net stop dnscache and it is now working fine. It would be nice to get DNS working with the DNS client on, but I might be OK without it, what do you think?

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• How many reverse proxies (nginx, haproxy) is too many?

  - by Alysum

  I'm setting up a HA (high availability) cluster using nginx, haproxy & apache. I've been reading great things about nginx and haproxy. People tend to choose one or the other but I like both. Haproxy is more flexible for load balancing than nginx's simple round robin (even with the upstream-fair patch). But I'd like to keep nginx for redirecting non-https to https among other things right at the point of entry to the cluster. On the other hand, nginx is a lot faster for serving static contents and would reduce the load on the powerful apache which loves to eat a lot of RAM! Here is my planned setup: Load balancer: nginx listens on port 80/443 and proxy_forwards to haproxy on 8080 on the same server to load balance between the multiple nodes. Nodes: nginx on the node listens to requests coming from haproxy on 8080, if the content is static, serve it. But if it's a backend script (in my case PHP), proxy forward to apache2 on the same node server listenning on a different port number. Technically this setup works but my concerns are whether having the requests going through several proxies is going to slow down requests? Most of the requests will be PHP requests as the backends are services (which means groing from nginx - haproxy - nginx - apache). Thoughts? Cheers

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• Autodiscover service seems to reply with User Principal Name instead of email address

  - by Jeff McJunkin

  After this latest round of Windows updates (on 1/11/11, in fact) my Exchange 2007 server of course rebooted. This may have had the side effect of making any changes I'd inadvertently made take effect. Since then, the Autodiscover service in Exchange 2007 from Outlook 2007 seems to reply with the User Principal Name ([email protected] instead of [email protected]). I'm specifically seeing this from within the "Test Email AutoConfiguration" tool in Outlook (the UPN appears in the first text box labeled "E-mail") and when creating a new profile in Outlook. If I disregard the UPN and instead fill in my email address, Autodiscover works as expected and I can connect without issue. I've confirmed using ADSI Edit that the SMTP email address is properly set for my users. I even went a bit crazy and set the UPN to the email address using ADSI Edit. I've re-installed the Client Access role on the server in question. Exchange server is Server 2008, 64-bit of course. Clients are mostly XP 32-bit, though the issue happens from a Windows 7 machine as well.

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• Can a pool of memcache daemons be used to share sessions more efficiently?

  - by Tom

  We are moving from a 1 webserver setup to a two webserver setup and I need to start sharing PHP sessions between the two load balanced machines. We already have memcached installed (and started) and so I was pleasantly surprized that I could accomplish sharing sessions between the new servers by changing only 3 lines in the php.ini file (the session.save_handler and session.save_path): I replaced: session.save_handler = files with: session.save_handler = memcache Then on the master webserver I set the session.save_path to point to localhost: session.save_path="tcp://localhost:11211" and on the slave webserver I set the session.save_path to point to the master: session.save_path="tcp://192.168.0.1:11211" Job done, I tested it and it works. But... Obviously using memcache means the sessions are in RAM and will be lost if a machine is rebooted or the memcache daemon crashes - I'm a little concerned by this but I am a bit more worried about the network traffic between the two webservers (especially as we scale up) because whenever someone is load balanced to the slave webserver their sessions will be fetched across the network from the master webserver. I was wondering if I could define two save_paths so the machines look in their own session storage before using the network. For example: Master: session.save_path="tcp://localhost:11211, tcp://192.168.0.2:11211" Slave: session.save_path="tcp://localhost:11211, tcp://192.168.0.1:11211" Would this successfully share sessions across the servers AND help performance? i.e save network traffic 50% of the time. Or is this technique only for failovers (e.g. when one memcache daemon is unreachable)? Note: I'm not really asking specifically about memcache replication - more about whether the PHP memcache client can peak inside each memcache daemon in a pool, return a session if it finds one and only create a new session if it doesn't find one in all the stores. As I'm writing this I'm thinking I'm asking a bit much from PHP, lol... Assume: no sticky-sessions, round-robin load balancing, LAMP servers.

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• What is the difference between disabling hibernation and idling time for a NAS?

  - by Gary M. Mugford

  I have two D-LINK DNS-323 NAS boxes with two Seagate drives in each. The first one is about a year old, the second one about three months. The first two on Monster are each 1.5T drives while the last two on Origami are 2T drives. I have never been overly happy with the Monster drives but, outside of poor throughput on small files, they have been consistently available to all programs after I put a batch file into my startup to do a directly listing of each. I added the two new drives when I added the Origami box. But, watching the dos box that comes up, I rarely see both listed before the box disappears. Other programs, backups, Belarc, even my file browsers, seem to have a dickens of a time seeing O: and P:. Finally, I decided to go into setup and turn off hibernation. Performance HAS been better since and Belarc, for instance, now sees both drives. At the time of poking around, I noticed an Idle Time feature too. What is the difference between the two settings? And for added points, how much trouble am I in for turning off hibernation? The super bonus round ... anything ELSE I should have done? Thanks in advance, GM

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• What's the piece of hardware listening on Facebook's or Wikipedia's IP address?

  - by Igor Ostrovsky

  I am trying to understand how massive sites like Facebook or Wikipedia work, for my intellectual curiosity. I read about various techniques for building scalable sites, but I am still puzzled about one particular detail. The part that confuses me is that ultimately, the DNS will map the entire domain to a single IP address, or a handful of IP addresses in the case of round-robin DNS. For example, wikipedia.org has only one type-A DNS record. So, people from all over the world visiting Wikipedia have to send a request to the one IP address specified in DNS. What is the piece of hardware that listens on the IP address for a massive site, and how can it possibly handle all the load coming from the requests for users all over the world? Edit 1: Thanks for all the responses! Anycast seems like a feasible answer... Does anyone know of a way to check whether a particular IP address is anycast-routed, so that I could verify that this really is the trick used in practice by large sites? Edit 2: After more reading on the topic, it appears that anycast is not typically used for dynamic web content. Anycast is usually used for UDP (e.g., DNS lookups), or sometimes for static content. One interesting thing to note is that Facebook uses profile.ak.fbcdn.net to host static content like style sheets and javascript libraries. Each time I ping this name, I get a response from a different IP address. However, I can't tell whether this is anycast in action, or a completely different technique. Back to my original question: as far as I can tell, even a large site will have a single expensive piece of load-balancing hardware listening on its handful of public IP addresses.

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• What's the best way to run Drupal and Django sites behind the same Varnish server?

  - by Alexis Bellido

  I have a high traffic website running with Drupal and Apache, five web servers behind a Varnish server load balancing. Let's say this site is example.com. I'm using five backends and a director like this in my default.vcl: director balancer round-robin { { .backend = web1; } { .backend = web2; } { .backend = web3; } { .backend = web4; } { .backend = web5; } } Now I'm working on a new Django project that will be a new section of this site running on example.com/new-section. After checking the documentation I found I can do something like this: sub vcl_recv { if (req.url ~ "^/new-section/") { set req.backend = newbackend; } else { set req.backend = default; } } That is, using a different backend for a subdirectory /new-section under the same domain. My question is, how do I make something like this work with my director and load balancing setup? I'm probably going to run two or more web servers (backends) with my new Django project, each one with a mix of Gunicorn, Nginx, and a few Python packages, and would like to put all of those in their own Varnish director to load balance. Is it possible to do use the above approach to decide which director to use?, like this: sub vcl_recv { if (req.url ~ "^/new-section/") { set req.director = newdirector; } else { set req.director = balancer; } } All suggestions welcome. Thanks!

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