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• Which design better when use foreign key instead of a string to store a list of id

  - by Kien Thanh

  I'm building online examination system. I have designed to table, Question and GeneralExam. The table GeneralExam contains info about the exam like name, description, duration,... Now I would like to design table GeneralQuestion, it will contain the ids of questions belongs to a general exam. Currently, I have two ideas to design GeneralQuestion table: It will have two columns: general_exam_id, question_id. It will have two columns: general_exam_id, list_question_ids (string/text). I would like to know which designing is better, or pros and cons of each designing. I'm using Postgresql database.

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• What should be the minimal design/scope documentation before development begins?

  - by Oliver Hyde

  I am a junior developer working on my own in the programming aspect of projects. I am given a png file with 5-6 of the pages designed, most times in specific detail. From this I'm asked to develop the back end system needed to maintain the website, usually a cataloging system with products, tags and categories and match the front end to the design. I find myself in a pickle because when I make decisions based on assumptions about the flow of the website, due to a lack of outlining details, I get corrected and am required to rewrite the code to suit what was actually desired. This process happens multiple times throughout a project, often times on the same detail, until it's finally finished, with broken windows all through it. I understand that projects have scope creep, and can appreciate that I need to plan for this, but I feel that in this situation, I'm not receiving enough outlining details to effectively plan for the project, resulting in broken code and a stressed mind. What should be the minimal design/scope documentation I receive before I begin development?

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• Oracle Schema Design: Seperate Schema with I/O Overhead?

  - by Guru

  We are designing database schema for a new system based on Oracle 11gR1. We have identified a main schema which would have close to 100 tables, these will be accessed from the front end Java application. We have a requirement to audit the values which got changed in close to 50 tables, this has to be done every row. Which means, it is possible that, for a single row in MYSYS.T1 there might be 50 (or more) rows in MYSYS_AUDIT.T1_AUD table. We might be having old values of every column entry and new values available from T1. DBA gave an observation, advising against this method, because he said, separate schema meant an extra I/O for every operation. Basically AUDIT schema would be used only to do some analyse and enter values (thus SELECT and INSERT). Is it true that, "a separate schema means an extra I/O" ? I could not find justification. It appears logical to me, as the AUDIT data should not be tampered with, so a separate schema. Also, we designed a separate schema for archiving some tables from MYSYS. From MYSYS_ARC the table might be backed up into tapes or deleted after sufficient time. Few stats: Few tables (close to 20, 30) in MYSYS schema could grow to around 50M rows. We have asked for a total disk space of 4 TB. MYSYS_AUDIT schema might be having 10 times that of MYSYS but we wont keep them more than 3 months. Questions Given all these, can you suggest me any improvements? Separate schema affects disc I/O? (one extra I/O for every schema ?) Any general suggestions? Figure: +-------------------+ +-------------------+ | MYSYS | | MYSYS_AUDIT | | | | | | 1. T1 | | 1. T1_AUD | | 2. T2 | | 2. T2_AUD | | 3. T3 |--------->| 3. T3_AUD | | 4. T4 |(SELECT, | 4. T4_AUD | | . | INSERT) | . | | . | | . | | . | | . | | 100. T100 | | 50. T50_AUD | +-------------------+ +-------------------+ | | | | |(INSERT) | | | * +-------------------+ | MYSYS_ARC | | | | 1. T1_ARC | | 2. T2_ARC | | 3. T3_ARC | | 4. T4_ARC | | . | | . | | . | | 100. T100_ARC | +-------------------+ Apart from this, we have two more schemas with only read only rights, but mainly they are for adhoc purpose and we dont mind the performance on them.

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• Which Project Management Software is adequate for Software & Non-Software Projects?

  - by cusack

  PMS = (Project Management Software) I used trac for software development some time ago. Right now I'm searching for a new more powerful (scheduling, gantt charts, ...) free solution (as in free beer ;-) and free to install on my server) for my current software project. Besides the current software project, abstract project management features like issue-tracking & scheduling would be great for coordinating a group of volunteers for real-life projects as well. I would want one solution for both purposes, so that I have the hassle of installation, getting used to the system and administration only once. So I tried redmine but the problem is it seems to be designed for software projects only. I can't suggest such a solution for the volunteer-group if tickets/issues would have to be of type bug, feature, ... I shortlisted the following six PMS from the wikipedia comparison http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_project_management_software Project.net Project-Open Redmine Trac Endeavour Software Project Management eGroupWare I guess they are all more or less fine for software development but would you consider any of these to be good for the non-software project as well? Cliff Notes: I would want a start page situation like in trac. The start-page is a wiki presenting the project and not the PMS. But you can log into the PMS from there. Feature-wish list: wiki, Issue tracking, revision control, scheduling & gantt charts, forums (least important) (Btw: I'm very aware that I can't expect everything to be perfect ;-) 1.)Do you know a suitable solution for software and real-life projects or a highly customizable PMS where I can easily remove sth. like "browse source"(trac) and rename things like ticket/issue-types "bug", "feature"? 2.)Any experience good/bad with the above mentioned six PMS? I would personally guess that "Redmine" and "Endeavour Software Project Management" are too focused on software projects.

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• What benefits does a game design degree have for a hobby game programmer?

  - by sm4

  I am interested in studying game design, not because I want a job in the games industry, but because I am interested in the subject itself. I read the following questions, but they mostly deal with the effects on your career in game industry. Should I consider a graduate degree in game development? Game Development Degree vs Computer Science Degree First I thought a game development degree could be beneficial. But from the websites of colleges that offer such degrees, I feel like its more about basic programming with examples from games. This college offers game design degrees, for example. My question is, can I benefit from such a degree when I already have a degree in Computer Science, I already know programming, I'm already developing a game and finally, I have this site to help me when I get stuck?

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• What's the best project management software for internal dev. 5 man shop

  - by P.Brian.Mackey

  I work for a large corporation, but we do small intranet web application development. Our project management tracking sucks. Its custom software built by a jr. intern. For what its worth, our development style is akin to agile, but there's nothing set in stone...very customer oriented approach. I need project tracking that meets the criteria: Intranet, internal products. Mostly maintenance, some new development. 5 developers 12 products 1 hands-off manager. He really just wants to know estimated man hours, due date for dev, QA and release. Along with a short description of the project. Free or super cheap. Bonus Simple pretty UI. Think pretty charts. Hope I covered everything. Please ask for any clarification. If you read dreaming in code, the company uses some project tracking software that sounds pretty sweet. Note, we do have Team Foundation Server. I already tried pushing its use as PM tracking, but its too complicated. I can't get people to sit and train. So this software has to be easy.

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• Is this a well known design pattern? what is it's name

  - by GenEric35

  Hi I have seen this often in code, but when I speak of it i don't know the name of such 'pattern' I have a method with 2 arguments that calls an overloaded method that has 3 arguments and intentionality sets the 3rd one to empty string. public DoWork(string name, string phoneNumber) { CreateContact(name, phoneNumber, string.Empty) } public DoWork(string name, string phoneNumber, string emailAddress) { //do the work } The reason I'm doing this is I to not duplicate code, and allow the existing callers to still call the method that has only 2 parameters. I have associate a few tags to this question, but it probably fit in more categories of questions. Is this a pattern, and does it have a name?

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• Is it possible to set a VPN through Tor? and have functionality for Software Updates?

  - by moazhmi

  Gday, I have been trying to do a software update on Trusty both on terminal and software update app but that hasnt been successful, apparently my ISP has a broken transparent proxy. moazhmi@moazhmi-K52F:~$ wget -S http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/trusty/InRelease --2014-06-04 17:34:52-- http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/trusty/InRelease Resolving extras.ubuntu.com (extras.ubuntu.com)... 91.189.92.152 Connecting to extras.ubuntu.com (extras.ubuntu.com)|91.189.92.152|:80... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... HTTP/1.1 200 OK Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8 Content-Length: 213 Date: Wed, 04 Jun 2014 14:34:52 GMT Server: Apache/2.2.22 (Ubuntu) Connection: Keep-Alive Vary: Accept-Encoding Length: 213 [text/html] Saving to: ‘InRelease’ 100%[======================================>] 213 --.-K/s in 0s 2014-06-04 17:34:52 (22.1 MB/s) - ‘InRelease’ saved [213/213] I was advised to refer back to the ISP with a complaint but that has returned with peanuts. My Question is - Is it possible to set a VPN through TOR , i.e whereas I can run software updates through terminals or the app . the browsing is out of question here as I need to update which I am not able to do / only on 12.04.

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• How do I improve this design for dealing with intersecting date ranges and resolving date range conf

  - by derdo

  I am working on some code that deals with date ranges. I have pricing activities that have a starting-date and an end-date to set a certain price for that range. There are multiple pricing activities with intersecting date ranges. What I ultimately need is the ability to query valid prices for a date range. I pass in (jan1,jan31) and I get back a list that says jan1--jan10 $4 , jan11--jan19 $3 jan20--jan31 $4. There are priorities between pricing activities. Some type of pricing activities have high priority, so they override other pricing activities and for certain type of pricing activities lowest price wins etc. I currently have a class that holds these pricing activities and keeps a resolved pricing calendar. As I add new pricing activities I update the resolved calendar. As I write more tests/code, it started to get very complicated with all the different cases (pricing activities intersecting in different ways). I am ending up with very complicated code where I am resolving a newly added pricing activity. See AddPricingActivity() method below. Can anybody think of a simpler way to deal with this? Could there be similar code somewhere out there? Public class PricingActivity() { DateTime startDate; DateTime endDate; Double price; Public bool StartsBeforeEndsAfter (PricingActivity pAct) { // pAct covers this pricing activity } Public bool StartsMiddleEndsAfter (PricingActivity pAct){ // early part of pAct Itersects with later part of this pricing activity } //more similar methods to cover all the combinations of intersecting } Public Class PricingActivityList() { List<PricingActivity> activities; SortedDictionary<Date, PricingActivity> resolvedPricingCalendar; Public void AddPricingActivity(PricingActivity pAct) { //update the resolvedCalendar //go over each activity and find intersecting ones //update the resolved calendar correctly //depending on the type of the intersection //this part is getting out of hand….. } }

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• Recommend an Appropriate Object-Orientated Design Pattern To Replace This Code....

  - by Rob P.

  I have a menu click event that looks something like this.... Public Sub ToolbarManager_ToolClick(sender as Object, e as EventArgs) Case "New" CreateNewFile() Case "Save" SaveCurrentFile() Case "Exit" ExitApp() Case....... etc... etc... End Sub This strikes me as being 'ugly' - but I'm unsure of the 'best' way or the most appropriate way to clean it up.

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• Will people respect a Masters of Science in IT w/software engineering concentration from RPI?

  - by twneale

  Here's my thing: I got my undergraduate degree in political science, then a law degree. Then I figured out that I love programming and I'm pretty good at it too. It's fun and rewarding enough for me that I'd prefer to do it for a living over almost any form of pure law practice. So I'm looking at getting a masters degree to put some weight behind a possible career switch. If I actually want to develop software (web, in particular), would people in programming circles respect a master's of science in IT? Specifically, consider as an example the MS in IT from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (with a concentration in software engineering). Here's the home page: http://www.rpi.edu/IT/graduate/masters_program.html In particular, I mean to draw a contrast between IT as specifically contemplated by the RPI masters program (an interdisciplinary tech/business program) and other MS degrees in computer science or software engineering that focus more on the science and technical aspects. I guess I want to make sure that other programmers would respect my credentials and not consider me as different or underqualified based on the connotations of the phrase "IT". I believe RPI has an unimpeachable reputation for hard science, and the program seems excellent, but it still matters to me how people in industry would perceive it.

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• Which skills would you expect and appreciate in a Junior Software Engineer??

  - by Bartzilla

  Hi StackOverflow community! I would like to receive some advices from all of you. I know in here there are superb programmers, with outstanding careers, people working for amazing and important companies in the industry so I am very excited to read the replies I could get. I recently finished my Msc.in Software Engineering, and I am about to start my professional career in two weeks. My role will be as a Junior Developer for a company which develops e-commerce software using Java & related technologies (among them Spring, Hibernate). To be honest I am really excited about what is coming specially because I really want to develop my career as a Java developer plus I am also very interested in gaining experience in the e-commerce field. Additionally, this is going to be my first work experience as a professional developer so I really want to do my best from the very beginning. I know many of you probably have manager roles or are team leaders, so basically I would like to know which skills and abilities would you judge and appreciate in a new professional (Junior Developer) that could be part of your team(Soft and Technical Skills) and in which skills I should focus on to achieve a successful career as a Software Engineer. Of course there are many things everybody should expect like good technical knowledge of the technologies you are going to use and so on.. But, I would like to hear your opinions, I will really appreciate advises from experienced developers and hear different perspectives other than mines.. Thanks in advance!

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• Level design - Are games development degrees worth it? [on hold]

  - by Tristan

  I want to go into Level design or Environment design and wondering if degrees are at all worth it for this area, as long as you have a good portfolio. I'm currently on a "Computing and Games Development" course and I feel like dropping out because I am not enjoying it. It's mostly computer based, which I'm not doing that great at, and little games Dev. But I don't know what do to... I do already have some high level education with a "Level 3 extended diploma". Thanks.

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• what are the most suitable design methodologies used in object oriented programming?

  - by Dan

  Which are best for small development teams and large ones. Thanks.

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• [Design Question] When to open a link on a new window?

  - by Ian

  Hi All, When designing a web application/web site, is there an accepted practice on when to open a link on a new window? Currently, if the site being linked to is outside the domain (say Google.com), I am always launching it on a new window. If the page being linked is within the same domain, I open it on the current active window. I've read somewhere the opening links on a new window explicitly is being frowned upon. Thanks!

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• Is there a good book or articles to learn about 2D Game Design and Effects?

  - by user28015

  I am not looking for a read how to develop games and how to implement one. I am looking for a general about possible effects in 2D Games and about general design of modern 2D gaming. I have programmed several smaller games over the years and also read books like "Golden Rules of Game Programming" by Martin Bronwlo. So I know how to implement games. What I am looking for are 2 things: Finishing touches such as effects like explosions, particles etc. Not how to make them, but how to design them so it looks right and cool. How to make a 2D game feel "more right" so that users get a satisfying gaming experience. I played a lot of 2D games but I could use some more advice.

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• How to determine the right amount of up front design?

  - by Gian

  Software developers occasionally are called upon to write fairly complex bits of software under tight deadlines. Often, it seems like the quickest thing to do is to simply start coding, and solve the problems as they arise. However, this approach can come back to bite you—often costing time or money in the long run! How do we determine the right amount of up front design work? If your work environment actively discourages you from thinking about things up front, how do you handle that? How can we manage risk if we eschew up-front thinking (by choice or under duress) and figure out the problems as they arise? Does the amount of up front design depend entirely on the size or complexity of the task, or is it based on something else?

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• How to justify rewriting/revamping legacy software in a business case?

  - by sxthomson

  I work for a great little software company which makes good revenue from our main software package. The problem for me is that it's almost unmaintainable. It's written in Delphi 7 (has upgraded versions over time) and has been worked on by a lot of developers over the past 20 or so years. The software lacks any meaningful architecture - there's no object orientation whatsoever, horrible amounts of cyclical dependencies and an over-reliance on global variables to name just a few things. Another huge thing for me is Delphi 7 does NOT support 64-bit. The problem here for me is that my management team don't care about technical things, they want to know why they should care. Obviously that's expected, so what I'm asking here is for some guidance, or tales, or pitfalls about this kind of thing. There's a few things I would love to include, namely for me, the length of time taken to debug/write a feature in "legacy" code, versus coherent, well structured OO code. Does anyone know of any blog posts or the like where this is talked about? For us in the company this is a huge reason. Despite being decent developers we feel like writing a new feature is just piling more rubbish on top. On top of that, even for me who has a decent level of understanding of the code, changing things is infuriating - a small change can have a ridiculous domino effect. Anyone have any experiences they'd like to share?

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• What is the best database design for managing historical information? [closed]

  - by Emmad Kareem

  Say you have a Person table with columns such as: ID, FirstName, LastName, BirthCountry, ...etc. And you want to keep track of changes on such a table. For example, the user may want to see previous names of a person or previous addresses, etc. The normalized way is to keep names in separate table, addresses in a separate table,...etc. and the main person table will contain only the information that you are not interested in monitoring changes for (such information will be updated in place). The problem I see here, aside form the coding hassle due to the extensive number of joins required in a real-life situation, is that I have never seen this type of design in any real application (maybe because most did not provide this feature!). So, is there a better way to design this? Thanks.

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• How can we best petition to bring Adobe creative software to Ubuntu?

  - by Sixthlaw

  Now I know its not as simple as asking for Adobe to support their design software on Ubuntu, but is there a way for the community and Canonical to make known to Adobe the rapidly growing amount of Linux users, and their desire for this great set of tools OFFICIALLY? I know that many of the answers I receive might be of the fashion "Its not going to happen", "use the free tools provided" or "Who knows it might happen in the near future", but this IS not what I am looking for. I have noticed, on sites like www.OmgUbuntu.com, there are links to pages where people can "like" the idea. Is there a way to try and get the whole community on board with this one, even Canonical, and as stated above, put forward this proposal to Adobe. The current requests for an Adobe CS, for Linux, are in dribs and drabs scattered all of the internet. Now is the best time to come up with productive solutions on how we can best gather statistics on the amount of people willing to buy the Adobe CS. These are the words of an Adobe employee: "I have forwarded this feedback on to the appropriate team who will consider it for future releases of Adobe software." The larger amount of people we have unified in the ONE community proposal, the greater chance we have of getting the software. How can we make this happen?

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• Design pattern: static function call with input/output containers?

  - by Pavlo Dyban

  I work for a company in software research department. We use algorithms from our real software and wrap them so that we can use them for prototyping. Every time an algorithm interface changes, we need to adapt our wrappers respectively. Recently all algorithms have been refactored in such a manner that instead of accepting many different inputs and returning outputs via referenced parameters, they now accept one input data container and one output data container (the latter is passed by reference). Algorithm interface is limited to a static function call like that: class MyAlgorithm{ static bool calculate(MyAlgorithmInput input, MyAlgorithmOutput &output); } This is actually a very powerful design, though I have never seen it in a C++ programming environment before. Changes in the number of parameters and their data types are now encapsulated and they don't change the algorithm callback. In the latest algorithm which I have developed I used the same scheme. Now I want to know if this is a popular design pattern and what it is called.

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• How to deal with OOP design problems in interviews?

  - by haps10

  This is a question where I seek guidance from fellow/senior developers to get into my dream company - it's a pioneer in OOP and Agile. I've already failed once to clear an interview. One part I feel most challenging is to come up with a proper Object Oriented design(classes, interfaces, methods, interactions etc.) in a very short time for certain situations like Pacman, Game Of Life and so on. As the problems are unprecedented ones - my approach is mostly to try different things and then make decisions - which they feel is not clear and not what they expect from a developer with 5+ years of experience. I've already studied a few books on patterns, OOP - it didn't help me much and I think it'll take a bit more than that. Could some one please guide on what specifically shall I practice so that I can do better at design problems as above. I want to refine my approach and have a better thought process.

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• Screen Flickering: Hardware or Software?

  - by Wesley

  I have a Samsung N120 netbook (upgraded to 2GB DDR2 RAM) and there has been a screen flickering issue for some time now. However, I have not been able to accurately determine whether it is a software or hardware issue. Here are some of the symptoms: The flicker is white-colored and shows up as vertical lines. Flickering or not, there may be occasionally some random blue patterns (no image distortion) The screen tends to flicker more when the screen is not tilted back all the way. When tilting the screen back and forth, the screen will usually flicker. Some images on the screen may randomly distort without full-on flickering. The screen will flicker only on certain websites, but not on others. A certain part of a webpage may constantly be distorted randomly, even when scrolling. While flickering, the mouse will not move though I'm moving my finger along the touchpad. A connected external monitor does not have any problems. The flickering is completely random and does not seem to follow any CPU/GPU usage trends. Flickering usually gets worse when the screen brightness is turned higher. There will be flickering on battery and while plugged in. Search up "Samsung N120 - Screen Flickering" on YouTube for an idea of what the flickering looks like. However, there is no visible distortions and the flickering seems to stop when the screen has dimmed. Since the problems started, I tried formatting and using Windows 7, then formatted again and went back to Windows XP. The screen was also replaced sometime during this past summer. The uninstallation of the Samsung Battery Manager (on the original install of XP) seemed to reduce the flicker partially, but eventually got worse. So, what could possibly be the problem?

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• Windows Firewall Software to Filter Transit Traffic

  - by soonts

  I need to test my networking code for Nintendo Wii under the conditions when some specific Internet server is not available. Wii is connected to my PC with crossover ethernet cable. PC has 2 NICs. PC is connected to hardware router with ethernet cable. The hardware router serves as NAT and has an internet connected to its uplink. I set the Wii to be in the same lan as PC by using Windows XP Network bridge. I can observe the WII network traffic using e.g. Wireshark sniffer. Is there a software firewall that can selectively filter out transit traffic? (e.g. block outgoing TCP connections to 123.45.67.89 to port 443) I tried Outpost Pro 2009 and Comodo. Outpost firewall blocks all transit traffic with it's implicit "block transit packet" rule. If the transit traffic is explicitly allowed by creating the system-wide low level rule, then it's allowed completely and no other filter can selectively block it. Comodo firewall only process rules when the packet has localhost's IP as either source or destination, allowing the rest of the traffic. Any ideas? Thanks in advance! P.S. Platform is Windows XP 32 bit, no other OSes is allowed, Windows ICS (Internet Connection Sharing) doesnt work since the Wii is unable to connect, becides I don't like the idea of adding one more level of NAT.

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• How to create a software raid5 array without a spare

  - by Yannick M.

  I am trying to create a software raid5 array using mdadm: $ linux # mdadm --create --verbose /dev/md0 --level=5 --raid-devices=4 --spare-devices=0 /dev/sda1 /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdc1 /dev/sdd1 mdadm: layout defaults to left-symmetric mdadm: chunk size defaults to 64K mdadm: array /dev/md0 started. However when inspecting /proc/mdstat Personalities : [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] md0 : active raid5 sdd1[4] sdc1[2] sdb1[1] sda1[0] 2930279808 blocks level 5, 64k chunk, algorithm 2 [4/3] [UUU_] [>....................] recovery = 0.3% (2970496/976759936) finish=186.1min speed=87172K/sec unused devices: <none> It seems one drive isn't active, so I check the details of the array: /dev/md0: Version : 00.90.03 Creation Time : Tue Jul 21 16:29:53 2009 Raid Level : raid5 Array Size : 2930279808 (2794.53 GiB 3000.61 GB) Used Dev Size : 976759936 (931.51 GiB 1000.20 GB) Raid Devices : 4 Total Devices : 4 Preferred Minor : 0 Persistence : Superblock is persistent Update Time : Tue Jul 21 16:29:53 2009 State : clean, degraded, recovering Active Devices : 3 Working Devices : 4 Failed Devices : 0 Spare Devices : 1 Layout : left-symmetric Chunk Size : 64K Rebuild Status : 0% complete UUID : ce8b2f40:821d003c:0027688e:a70977ec Events : 0.1 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 0 8 1 0 active sync /dev/sda1 1 8 17 1 active sync /dev/sdb1 2 8 33 2 active sync /dev/sdc1 4 8 49 3 spare rebuilding /dev/sdd1 And it seems there are only 3 active devices, with one spare. Is it just me, or something wrong here?

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