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• OSI Model

  - by kaleidoscope

  The Open System Interconnection Reference Model (OSI Reference Model or OSI Model) is an abstract description for layered communications and computer network protocol design. In its most basic form, it divides network architecture into seven layers which, from top to bottom, are the Application, Presentation, Session, Transport, Network, Data Link, and Physical Layers. It is therefore often referred to as the OSI Seven Layer Model. A layer is a collection of conceptually similar functions that provide services to the layer above it and receives service from the layer below it. Description of OSI layers: Layer 1: Physical Layer ·         Defines the electrical and physical specifications for devices. In particular, it defines the relationship between a device and a physical medium. ·         Establishment and termination of a connection to a communications medium. ·         Participation in the process whereby the communication resources are effectively shared among multiple users. ·         Modulation or conversion between the representation of digital data in user equipment and the corresponding signals transmitted over a communications channel. Layer 2: Data Link Layer ·         Provides the functional and procedural means to transfer data between network entities. ·         Detect and possibly correct errors that may occur in the Physical Layer. The error check is performed using Frame Check Sequence (FCS). ·         Addresses is then sought to see if it needs to process the rest of the frame itself or whether to pass it on to another host. ·         The Layer is divided into two sub layers: The Media Access Control (MAC) layer and the Logical Link Control (LLC) layer. ·         MAC sub layer controls how a computer on the network gains access to the data and permission to transmit it. ·         LLC layer controls frame synchronization, flow control and error checking.   Layer 3: Network Layer ·         Provides the functional and procedural means of transferring variable length data sequences from a source to a destination via one or more networks. ·         Performs network routing functions, and might also perform fragmentation and reassembly, and report delivery errors. ·         Network Layer Routers operate at this layer—sending data throughout the extended network and making the Internet possible.   Layer 4: Transport Layer ·         Provides transparent transfer of data between end users, providing reliable data transfer services to the upper layers. ·         Controls the reliability of a given link through flow control, segmentation/de-segmentation, and error control. ·         Transport Layer can keep track of the segments and retransmit those that fail. Layer 5: Session Layer ·         Controls the dialogues (connections) between computers. ·         Establishes, manages and terminates the connections between the local and remote application. ·         Provides for full-duplex, half-duplex, or simplex operation, and establishes checkpointing, adjournment, termination, and restart procedures. ·         Implemented explicitly in application environments that use remote procedure calls. Layer 6: Presentation Layer ·         Establishes a context between Application Layer entities, in which the higher-layer entities can use different syntax and semantics, as long as the presentation service understands both and the mapping between them. The presentation service data units are then encapsulated into Session Protocol data units, and moved down the stack. ·         Provides independence from differences in data representation (e.g., encryption) by translating from application to network format, and vice versa. The presentation layer works to transform data into the form that the application layer can accept. This layer formats and encrypts data to be sent across a network, providing freedom from compatibility problems. It is sometimes called the syntax layer. Layer 7: Application Layer ·         This layer interacts with software applications that implement a communicating component. ·         Identifies communication partners, determines resource availability, and synchronizes communication. o       When identifying communication partners, the application layer determines the identity and availability of communication partners for an application with data to transmit. o       When determining resource availability, the application layer must decide whether sufficient network or the requested communication exists. o       In synchronizing communication, all communication between applications requires cooperation that is managed by the application layer. Technorati Tags: Kunal,OSI,Networking

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• SQL SERVER – An Efficiency Tool to Compare and Synchronize SQL Server Databases

  - by Pinal Dave

  There is no need to reinvent the wheel if it is already invented and if the wheel is already available at ease, there is no need to wait to grab it. Here is the similar situation. I came across a very interesting situation and I had to look for an efficient tool which can make my life easier and solve my business problem. Here is the scenario. One of the developers had deleted few rows from the very important mapping table of our development server (thankfully, it was not the production server). Though it was a development server, the entire development team had to stop working as the application started to crash on every page. Think about the lost of manpower and efficiency which we started to loose.  Pretty much every department had to stop working as our internal development application stopped working. Thankfully, we even take a backup of our development server and we had access to full backup of the entire database at 6 AM morning. We do not take as a frequent backup of development server as production server (naturally!). Even though we had a full backup, the solution was not to restore the database. Think about it, there were plenty of the other operations since the last good full backup and if we restore a full backup, we will pretty much overwrite on the top of the work done by developers since morning. Now, as restoring the full backup was not an option we decided to restore the same database on another server. Once we had restored our database to another server, the challenge was to compare the table from where the database was deleted. The mapping table from where the data were deleted contained over 5000 rows and it was humanly impossible to compare both the tables manually. Finally we decided to use efficiency tool dbForge Data Compare for SQL Server from DevArt. dbForge Data Compare for SQL Server is a powerful, fast and easy to use SQL compare tool, capable of using native SQL Server backups as metadata source. (FYI we Downloaded dbForge Data Compare) Once we discovered the product, we immediately downloaded the product and installed on our development server. After we installed the product, we were greeted with the following screen. We clicked on the New Data Comparision to start our new comparison project. It brought up following screen. Here is the best part of the product, we just had to enter our database connection username and password along with source and destination details and we are done. The entire process is very simple and self intuiting. The best part was that for the source, we can either select database or even backup. This was indeed fantastic feature. Think about this, if you have a very big database, it will take long time to restore on the server. Once it is restored, you will be able to work with it. However, when you are working with dbForge Data Compare it will accept database backup as your source or destination. Once I click on the execute it brought up following screen where it displayed an excellent summary of the data compare. It has dedicated tabs for the what is changing in what table as well had details of the changed data. The best part is that, once we had reviewed the change. We click on the Synchronize button in the menu bar and it brought up following screen. You can see that the screen has very simple straight forward but very powerful features. You can generate a script to synchronize from target to source or even from source to target. Additionally, the database is a very complicated world and there are extensive options to configure various database options on the next screen. We also have the option to either generate script or directly execute the script to target server. I like to play on the safe side and I generated the script for my synchronization and later on after review I deployed the scripts on the server. Well, my team and we were able to get going from our disaster in less than 10 minutes. There were few people in our team were indeed disappointed as they were thinking of going home early that day but in less than 10 minutes they had to get back to work. There are so many other features in  dbForge Data Compare for SQL Server, I am already planning to make this product company wide recommended product for Data Compare tool. Hats off to the team who have build this product. Here are few of the features salient features of the dbForge Data Compare for SQL Server Perform SQL Server database comparison to detect changes Compare SQL Server backups with live databases Analyze data differences between two databases Synchronize two databases that went out of sync Restore data of a particular table from the backup Generate data comparison reports in Excel and HTML formats Copy look-up data from development database to production Automate routine data synchronization tasks with command-line interface Go Ahead and Download the dbForge Data Compare for SQL Server right away. It is always a good idea to get familiar with the important tools before hand instead of learning it under pressure of disaster. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, SQL Utility, T SQL, Technology

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• Organization &amp; Architecture UNISA Studies &ndash; Chap 5

  - by MarkPearl

  Learning Outcomes Describe the operation of a memory cell Explain the difference between DRAM and SRAM Discuss the different types of ROM Explain the concepts of a hard failure and a soft error respectively Describe SDRAM organization Semiconductor Main Memory The two traditional forms of RAM used in computers are DRAM and SRAM DRAM (Dynamic RAM) Divided into two technologies… Dynamic Static Dynamic RAM is made with cells that store data as charge on capacitors. The presence or absence of charge in a capacitor is interpreted as a binary 1 or 0. Because capacitors have natural tendency to discharge, dynamic RAM requires periodic charge refreshing to maintain data storage. The term dynamic refers to the tendency of the stored charge to leak away, even with power continuously applied. Although the DRAM cell is used to store a single bit (0 or 1), it is essentially an analogue device. The capacitor can store any charge value within a range, a threshold value determines whether the charge is interpreted as a 1 or 0. SRAM (Static RAM) SRAM is a digital device that uses the same logic elements used in the processor. In SRAM, binary values are stored using traditional flip flop logic configurations. SRAM will hold its data as along as power is supplied to it. Unlike DRAM, no refresh is required to retain data. SRAM vs. DRAM DRAM is simpler and smaller than SRAM. Thus it is more dense and less expensive than SRAM. The cost of the refreshing circuitry for DRAM needs to be considered, but if the machine requires a large amount of memory, DRAM turns out to be cheaper than SRAM. SRAMS are somewhat faster than DRAM, thus SRAM is generally used for cache memory and DRAM is used for main memory. Types of ROM Read Only Memory (ROM) contains a permanent pattern of data that cannot be changed. ROM is non volatile meaning no power source is required to maintain the bit values in memory. While it is possible to read a ROM, it is not possible to write new data into it. An important application of ROM is microprogramming, other applications include library subroutines for frequently wanted functions, System programs, Function tables. A ROM is created like any other integrated circuit chip, with the data actually wired into the chip as part of the fabrication process. To reduce costs of fabrication, we have PROMS. PROMS are… Written only once Non-volatile Written after fabrication Another variation of ROM is the read-mostly memory, which is useful for applications in which read operations are far more frequent than write operations, but for which non volatile storage is required. There are three common forms of read-mostly memory, namely… EPROM EEPROM Flash memory Error Correction Semiconductor memory is subject to errors, which can be classed into two categories… Hard failure – Permanent physical defect so that the memory cell or cells cannot reliably store data Soft failure – Random error that alters the contents of one or more memory cells without damaging the memory (common cause includes power supply issues, etc.) Most modern main memory systems include logic for both detecting and correcting errors. Error detection works as follows… When data is to be read into memory, a calculation is performed on the data to produce a code Both the code and the data are stored When the previously stored word is read out, the code is used to detect and possibly correct errors The error checking provides one of 3 possible results… No errors are detected – the fetched data bits are sent out An error is detected, and it is possible to correct the error. The data bits plus error correction bits are fed into a corrector, which produces a corrected set of bits to be sent out An error is detected, but it is not possible to correct it. This condition is reported Hamming Code See wiki for detailed explanation. We will probably need to know how to do a hemming code – refer to the textbook (pg. 188 – 189) Advanced DRAM organization One of the most critical system bottlenecks when using high-performance processors is the interface to main memory. This interface is the most important pathway in the entire computer system. The basic building block of main memory remains the DRAM chip. In recent years a number of enhancements to the basic DRAM architecture have been explored, and some of these are now on the market including… SDRAM (Synchronous DRAM) DDR-DRAM RDRAM SDRAM (Synchronous DRAM) SDRAM exchanges data with the processor synchronized to an external clock signal and running at the full speed of the processor/memory bus without imposing wait states. SDRAM employs a burst mode to eliminate the address setup time and row and column line precharge time after the first access In burst mode a series of data bits can be clocked out rapidly after the first bit has been accessed SDRAM has a multiple bank internal architecture that improves opportunities for on chip parallelism SDRAM performs best when it is transferring large blocks of data serially There is now an enhanced version of SDRAM known as double data rate SDRAM or DDR-SDRAM that overcomes the once-per-cycle limitation of SDRAM

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• Efficiently separating Read/Compute/Write steps for concurrent processing of entities in Entity/Component systems

  - by TravisG

  Setup I have an entity-component architecture where Entities can have a set of attributes (which are pure data with no behavior) and there exist systems that run the entity logic which act on that data. Essentially, in somewhat pseudo-code: Entity { id; map<id_type, Attribute> attributes; } System { update(); vector<Entity> entities; } A system that just moves along all entities at a constant rate might be MovementSystem extends System { update() { for each entity in entities position = entity.attributes["position"]; position += vec3(1,1,1); } } Essentially, I'm trying to parallelise update() as efficiently as possible. This can be done by running entire systems in parallel, or by giving each update() of one system a couple of components so different threads can execute the update of the same system, but for a different subset of entities registered with that system. Problem In reality, these systems sometimes require that entities interact(/read/write data from/to) each other, sometimes within the same system (e.g. an AI system that reads state from other entities surrounding the current processed entity), but sometimes between different systems that depend on each other (i.e. a movement system that requires data from a system that processes user input). Now, when trying to parallelize the update phases of entity/component systems, the phases in which data (components/attributes) from Entities are read and used to compute something, and the phase where the modified data is written back to entities need to be separated in order to avoid data races. Otherwise the only way (not taking into account just "critical section"ing everything) to avoid them is to serialize parts of the update process that depend on other parts. This seems ugly. To me it would seem more elegant to be able to (ideally) have all processing running in parallel, where a system may read data from all entities as it wishes, but doesn't write modifications to that data back until some later point. The fact that this is even possible is based on the assumption that modification write-backs are usually very small in complexity, and don't require much performance, whereas computations are very expensive (relatively). So the overhead added by a delayed-write phase might be evened out by more efficient updating of entities (by having threads work more % of the time instead of waiting). A concrete example of this might be a system that updates physics. The system needs to both read and write a lot of data to and from entities. Optimally, there would be a system in place where all available threads update a subset of all entities registered with the physics system. In the case of the physics system this isn't trivially possible because of race conditions. So without a workaround, we would have to find other systems to run in parallel (which don't modify the same data as the physics system), other wise the remaining threads are waiting and wasting time. However, that has disadvantages Practically, the L3 cache is pretty much always better utilized when updating a large system with multiple threads, as opposed to multiple systems at once, which all act on different sets of data. Finding and assembling other systems to run in parallel can be extremely time consuming to design well enough to optimize performance. Sometimes, it might even not be possible at all because a system just depends on data that is touched by all other systems. Solution? In my thinking, a possible solution would be a system where reading/updating and writing of data is separated, so that in one expensive phase, systems only read data and compute what they need to compute, and then in a separate, performance-wise cheap, write phase, attributes of entities that needed to be modified are finally written back to the entities. The Question How might such a system be implemented to achieve optimal performance, as well as making programmer life easier? What are the implementation details of such a system and what might have to be changed in the existing EC-architecture to accommodate this solution?

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• Metro: Introduction to the WinJS ListView Control

  - by Stephen.Walther

  The goal of this blog entry is to provide a quick introduction to the ListView control – just the bare minimum that you need to know to start using the control. When building Metro style applications using JavaScript, the ListView control is the primary control that you use for displaying lists of items. For example, if you are building a product catalog app, then you can use the ListView control to display the list of products. The ListView control supports several advanced features that I plan to discuss in future blog entries. For example, you can group the items in a ListView, you can create master/details views with a ListView, and you can efficiently work with large sets of items with a ListView. In this blog entry, we’ll keep things simple and focus on displaying a list of products. There are three things that you need to do in order to display a list of items with a ListView: Create a data source Create an Item Template Declare the ListView Creating the ListView Data Source The first step is to create (or retrieve) the data that you want to display with the ListView. In most scenarios, you will want to bind a ListView to a WinJS.Binding.List object. The nice thing about the WinJS.Binding.List object is that it enables you to take a standard JavaScript array and convert the array into something that can be bound to the ListView. It doesn’t matter where the JavaScript array comes from. It could be a static array that you declare or you could retrieve the array as the result of an Ajax call to a remote server. The following JavaScript file – named products.js – contains a list of products which can be bound to a ListView. (function () { "use strict"; var products = new WinJS.Binding.List([ { name: "Milk", price: 2.44 }, { name: "Oranges", price: 1.99 }, { name: "Wine", price: 8.55 }, { name: "Apples", price: 2.44 }, { name: "Steak", price: 1.99 }, { name: "Eggs", price: 2.44 }, { name: "Mushrooms", price: 1.99 }, { name: "Yogurt", price: 2.44 }, { name: "Soup", price: 1.99 }, { name: "Cereal", price: 2.44 }, { name: "Pepsi", price: 1.99 } ]); WinJS.Namespace.define("ListViewDemos", { products: products }); })(); The products variable represents a WinJS.Binding.List object. This object is initialized with a plain-old JavaScript array which represents an array of products. To avoid polluting the global namespace, the code above uses the module pattern and exposes the products using a namespace. The list of products is exposed to the world as ListViewDemos.products. To learn more about the module pattern and namespaces in WinJS, see my earlier blog entry: http://stephenwalther.com/blog/archive/2012/02/22/metro-namespaces-and-modules.aspx Creating the ListView Item Template The ListView control does not know how to render anything. It doesn’t know how you want each list item to appear. To get the ListView control to render something useful, you must create an Item Template. Here’s what our template for rendering an individual product looks like: <div id="productTemplate" data-win-control="WinJS.Binding.Template"> <div class="product"> <span data-win-bind="innerText:name"></span> <span data-win-bind="innerText:price"></span> </div> </div> This template displays the product name and price from the data source. Normally, you will declare your template in the same file as you declare the ListView control. In our case, both the template and ListView are declared in the default.html file. To learn more about templates, see my earlier blog entry: http://stephenwalther.com/blog/archive/2012/02/27/metro-using-templates.aspx Declaring the ListView The final step is to declare the ListView control in a page. Here’s the markup for declaring a ListView: <div data-win-control="WinJS.UI.ListView" data-win-options="{ itemDataSource:ListViewDemos.products.dataSource, itemTemplate:select('#productTemplate') }"> </div> You declare a ListView by adding the data-win-control to an HTML DIV tag. The data-win-options attribute is used to set two properties of the ListView. The ListView is associated with its data source with the itemDataSource property. Notice that the data source is ListViewDemos.products.dataSource and not just ListViewDemos.products. You need to associate the ListView with the dataSoure property. The ListView is associated with its item template with the help of the itemTemplate property. The ID of the item template — #productTemplate – is used to select the template from the page. Here’s what the complete version of the default.html page looks like: <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>ListViewDemos</title> <!-- WinJS references --> <link href="//Microsoft.WinJS.0.6/css/ui-dark.css" rel="stylesheet"> <script src="//Microsoft.WinJS.0.6/js/base.js"></script> <script src="//Microsoft.WinJS.0.6/js/ui.js"></script> <!-- ListViewDemos references --> <link href="/css/default.css" rel="stylesheet"> <script src="/js/default.js"></script> <script src="/js/products.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <style type="text/css"> .product { width: 200px; height: 100px; border: white solid 1px; } </style> </head> <body> <div id="productTemplate" data-win-control="WinJS.Binding.Template"> <div class="product"> <span data-win-bind="innerText:name"></span> <span data-win-bind="innerText:price"></span> </div> </div> <div data-win-control="WinJS.UI.ListView" data-win-options="{ itemDataSource:ListViewDemos.products.dataSource, itemTemplate:select('#productTemplate') }"> </div> </body> </html> Notice that the page above includes a reference to the products.js file: <script src=”/js/products.js” type=”text/javascript”></script> The page above also contains a Template control which contains the ListView item template. Finally, the page includes the declaration of the ListView control. Summary The goal of this blog entry was to describe the minimal set of steps which you must complete to use the WinJS ListView control to display a simple list of items. You learned how to create a data source, declare an item template, and declare a ListView control.

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• The last MVVM you'll ever need?

  - by Nuri Halperin

  As my MVC projects mature and grow, the need to have some omnipresent, ambient model properties quickly emerge. The application no longer has only one dynamic pieced of data on the page: A sidebar with a shopping cart, some news flash on the side – pretty common stuff. The rub is that a controller is invoked in context of a single intended request. The rest of the data, even though it could be just as dynamic, is expected to appear on it's own. There are many solutions to this scenario. MVVM prescribes creating elaborate objects which expose your new data as a property on some uber-object with more properties exposing the "side show" ambient data. The reason I don't love this approach is because it forces fairly acute awareness of the view, and soon enough you have many MVVM objects laying around, and views have to start doing null-checks in order to ensure you really supplied all the values before binding to them. Ick. Just as unattractive is the ViewData dictionary. It's not strongly typed, and in both this and the MVVM approach someone has to populate these properties – n'est pas? Where does that live? With MVC2, we get the formerly-futures  feature Html.RenderAction(). The feature allows you plant a line in a view, of the format: <% Html.RenderAction("SessionInterest", "Session"); %> While this syntax looks very clean, I can't help being bothered by it. MVC was touting a very strong separation of concerns, the Model taking on the role of the business logic, the controller handling route and performing minimal view-choosing operations and the views strictly focused on rendering out angled-bracket tags. The RenderAction() syntax has the view calling some controller and invoking it inline with it's runtime rendering. This – to my taste – embeds too much  knowledge of controllers into the view's code – which was allegedly forbidden.  The one way flow "Controller Receive Data –> Controller invoke Model –> Controller select view –> Controller Hand data to view" now gets a "View calls controller and gets it's own data" which is not so one-way anymore. Ick. I toyed with some other solutions a bit, including some base controllers, special view classes etc. My current favorite though is making use of the ExpandoObject and dynamic features with C# 4.0. If you follow Phil Haack or read a bit from David Heyden you can see the general picture emerging. The game changer is that using the new dynamic syntax, one can sprout properties on an object and make use of them in the view. Well that beats having a bunch of uni-purpose MVVM's any day! Rather than statically exposed properties, we'll just use the capability of adding members at runtime. Armed with new ideas and syntax, I went to work: First, I created a factory method to enrich the focuse object: public static class ModelExtension { public static dynamic Decorate(this Controller controller, object mainValue) { dynamic result = new ExpandoObject(); result.Value = mainValue; result.SessionInterest = CodeCampBL.SessoinInterest(); result.TagUsage = CodeCampBL.TagUsage(); return result; } } This gives me a nice fluent way to have the controller add the rest of the ambient "side show" items (SessionInterest, TagUsage in this demo) and expose them all as the Model: public ActionResult Index() { var data = SyndicationBL.Refresh(TWEET_SOURCE_URL); dynamic result = this.Decorate(data); return View(result); } So now what remains is that my view knows to expect a dynamic object (rather than statically typed) so that the ASP.NET page compiler won't barf: <%@ Page Language="C#" Title="Ambient Demo" MasterPageFile="~/Views/Shared/Ambient.Master" Inherits="System.Web.Mvc.ViewPage<dynamic>" %> Notice the generic ViewPage<dynamic>. It doesn't work otherwise. In the page itself, Model.Value property contains the main data returned from the controller. The nice thing about this, is that the master page (Ambient.Master) also inherits from the generic ViewMasterPage<dynamic>. So rather than the page worrying about all this ambient stuff, the side bars and panels for ambient data all reside in a master page, and can be rendered using the RenderPartial() syntax: <% Html.RenderPartial("TagCloud", Model.SessionInterest as Dictionary<string, int>); %> Note here that a cast is necessary. This is because although dynamic is magic, it can't figure out what type this property is, and wants you to give it a type so its binder can figure out the right property to bind to at runtime. I use as, you can cast if you like. So there we go – no violation of MVC, no explosion of MVVM models and voila – right? Well, I could not let this go without a tweak or two more. The first thing to improve, is that some views may not need all the properties. In that case, it would be a waste of resources to populate every property. The solution to this is simple: rather than exposing properties, I change d the factory method to expose lambdas - Func<T> really. So only if and when a view accesses a member of the dynamic object does it load the data. public static class ModelExtension { // take two.. lazy loading! public static dynamic LazyDecorate(this Controller c, object mainValue) { dynamic result = new ExpandoObject(); result.Value = mainValue; result.SessionInterest = new Func<Dictionary<string, int>>(() => CodeCampBL.SessoinInterest()); result.TagUsage = new Func<Dictionary<string, int>>(() => CodeCampBL.TagUsage()); return result; } } Now that lazy loading is in place, there's really no reason not to hook up all and any possible ambient property. Go nuts! Add them all in – they won't get invoked unless used. This now requires changing the signature of usage on the ambient properties methods –adding some parenthesis to the master view: <% Html.RenderPartial("TagCloud", Model.SessionInterest() as Dictionary<string, int>); %> And, of course, the controller needs to call LazyDecorate() rather than the old Decorate(). The final touch is to introduce a convenience method to the my Controller class , so that the tedium of calling Decorate() everywhere goes away. This is done quite simply by adding a bunch of methods, matching View(object), View(string,object) signatures of the Controller class: public ActionResult Index() { var data = SyndicationBL.Refresh(TWEET_SOURCE_URL); return AmbientView(data); } //these methods can reside in a base controller for the solution: public ViewResult AmbientView(dynamic data) { dynamic result = ModelExtension.LazyDecorate(this, data); return View(result); } public ViewResult AmbientView(string viewName, dynamic data) { dynamic result = ModelExtension.LazyDecorate(this, data); return View(viewName, result); } The call to AmbientView now replaces any call the View() that requires the ambient data. DRY sattisfied, lazy loading and no need to replace core pieces of the MVC pipeline. I call this a good MVC day. Enjoy!

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• Metro: Introduction to the WinJS ListView Control

  - by Stephen.Walther

  The goal of this blog entry is to provide a quick introduction to the ListView control – just the bare minimum that you need to know to start using the control. When building Metro style applications using JavaScript, the ListView control is the primary control that you use for displaying lists of items. For example, if you are building a product catalog app, then you can use the ListView control to display the list of products. The ListView control supports several advanced features that I plan to discuss in future blog entries. For example, you can group the items in a ListView, you can create master/details views with a ListView, and you can efficiently work with large sets of items with a ListView. In this blog entry, we’ll keep things simple and focus on displaying a list of products. There are three things that you need to do in order to display a list of items with a ListView: Create a data source Create an Item Template Declare the ListView Creating the ListView Data Source The first step is to create (or retrieve) the data that you want to display with the ListView. In most scenarios, you will want to bind a ListView to a WinJS.Binding.List object. The nice thing about the WinJS.Binding.List object is that it enables you to take a standard JavaScript array and convert the array into something that can be bound to the ListView. It doesn’t matter where the JavaScript array comes from. It could be a static array that you declare or you could retrieve the array as the result of an Ajax call to a remote server. The following JavaScript file – named products.js – contains a list of products which can be bound to a ListView. (function () { "use strict"; var products = new WinJS.Binding.List([ { name: "Milk", price: 2.44 }, { name: "Oranges", price: 1.99 }, { name: "Wine", price: 8.55 }, { name: "Apples", price: 2.44 }, { name: "Steak", price: 1.99 }, { name: "Eggs", price: 2.44 }, { name: "Mushrooms", price: 1.99 }, { name: "Yogurt", price: 2.44 }, { name: "Soup", price: 1.99 }, { name: "Cereal", price: 2.44 }, { name: "Pepsi", price: 1.99 } ]); WinJS.Namespace.define("ListViewDemos", { products: products }); })(); The products variable represents a WinJS.Binding.List object. This object is initialized with a plain-old JavaScript array which represents an array of products. To avoid polluting the global namespace, the code above uses the module pattern and exposes the products using a namespace. The list of products is exposed to the world as ListViewDemos.products. To learn more about the module pattern and namespaces in WinJS, see my earlier blog entry: http://stephenwalther.com/blog/archive/2012/02/22/metro-namespaces-and-modules.aspx Creating the ListView Item Template The ListView control does not know how to render anything. It doesn’t know how you want each list item to appear. To get the ListView control to render something useful, you must create an Item Template. Here’s what our template for rendering an individual product looks like: <div id="productTemplate" data-win-control="WinJS.Binding.Template"> <div class="product"> <span data-win-bind="innerText:name"></span> <span data-win-bind="innerText:price"></span> </div> </div> This template displays the product name and price from the data source. Normally, you will declare your template in the same file as you declare the ListView control. In our case, both the template and ListView are declared in the default.html file. To learn more about templates, see my earlier blog entry: http://stephenwalther.com/blog/archive/2012/02/27/metro-using-templates.aspx Declaring the ListView The final step is to declare the ListView control in a page. Here’s the markup for declaring a ListView: <div data-win-control="WinJS.UI.ListView" data-win-options="{ itemDataSource:ListViewDemos.products.dataSource, itemTemplate:select('#productTemplate') }"> </div> You declare a ListView by adding the data-win-control to an HTML DIV tag. The data-win-options attribute is used to set two properties of the ListView. The ListView is associated with its data source with the itemDataSource property. Notice that the data source is ListViewDemos.products.dataSource and not just ListViewDemos.products. You need to associate the ListView with the dataSoure property. The ListView is associated with its item template with the help of the itemTemplate property. The ID of the item template — #productTemplate – is used to select the template from the page. Here’s what the complete version of the default.html page looks like: <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>ListViewDemos</title> <!-- WinJS references --> <link href="//Microsoft.WinJS.0.6/css/ui-dark.css" rel="stylesheet"> <script src="//Microsoft.WinJS.0.6/js/base.js"></script> <script src="//Microsoft.WinJS.0.6/js/ui.js"></script> <!-- ListViewDemos references --> <link href="/css/default.css" rel="stylesheet"> <script src="/js/default.js"></script> <script src="/js/products.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <style type="text/css"> .product { width: 200px; height: 100px; border: white solid 1px; } </style> </head> <body> <div id="productTemplate" data-win-control="WinJS.Binding.Template"> <div class="product"> <span data-win-bind="innerText:name"></span> <span data-win-bind="innerText:price"></span> </div> </div> <div data-win-control="WinJS.UI.ListView" data-win-options="{ itemDataSource:ListViewDemos.products.dataSource, itemTemplate:select('#productTemplate') }"> </div> </body> </html> Notice that the page above includes a reference to the products.js file: <script src=”/js/products.js” type=”text/javascript”></script> The page above also contains a Template control which contains the ListView item template. Finally, the page includes the declaration of the ListView control. Summary The goal of this blog entry was to describe the minimal set of steps which you must complete to use the WinJS ListView control to display a simple list of items. You learned how to create a data source, declare an item template, and declare a ListView control.

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• The blocking nature of aggregates

  - by Rob Farley

  I wrote a post recently about how query tuning isn’t just about how quickly the query runs – that if you have something (such as SSIS) that is consuming your data (and probably introducing a bottleneck), then it might be more important to have a query which focuses on getting the first bit of data out. You can read that post here.  In particular, we looked at two operators that could be used to ensure that a query returns only Distinct rows. and The Sort operator pulls in all the data, sorts it (discarding duplicates), and then pushes out the remaining rows. The Hash Match operator performs a Hashing function on each row as it comes in, and then looks to see if it’s created a Hash it’s seen before. If not, it pushes the row out. The Sort method is quicker, but has to wait until it’s gathered all the data before it can do the sort, and therefore blocks the data flow. But that was my last post. This one’s a bit different. This post is going to look at how Aggregate functions work, which ties nicely into this month’s T-SQL Tuesday. I’ve frequently explained about the fact that DISTINCT and GROUP BY are essentially the same function, although DISTINCT is the poorer cousin because you have less control over it, and you can’t apply aggregate functions. Just like the operators used for Distinct, there are different flavours of Aggregate operators – coming in blocking and non-blocking varieties. The example I like to use to explain this is a pile of playing cards. If I’m handed a pile of cards and asked to count how many cards there are in each suit, it’s going to help if the cards are already ordered. Suppose I’m playing a game of Bridge, I can easily glance at my hand and count how many there are in each suit, because I keep the pile of cards in order. Moving from left to right, I could tell you I have four Hearts in my hand, even before I’ve got to the end. By telling you that I have four Hearts as soon as I know, I demonstrate the principle of a non-blocking operation. This is known as a Stream Aggregate operation. It requires input which is sorted by whichever columns the grouping is on, and it will release a row as soon as the group changes – when I encounter a Spade, I know I don’t have any more Hearts in my hand. Alternatively, if the pile of cards are not sorted, I won’t know how many Hearts I have until I’ve looked through all the cards. In fact, to count them, I basically need to put them into little piles, and when I’ve finished making all those piles, I can count how many there are in each. Because I don’t know any of the final numbers until I’ve seen all the cards, this is blocking. This performs the aggregate function using a Hash Match. Observant readers will remember this from my Distinct example. You might remember that my earlier Hash Match operation – used for Distinct Flow – wasn’t blocking. But this one is. They’re essentially doing a similar operation, applying a Hash function to some data and seeing if the set of values have been seen before, but before, it needs more information than the mere existence of a new set of values, it needs to consider how many of them there are. A lot is dependent here on whether the data coming out of the source is sorted or not, and this is largely determined by the indexes that are being used. If you look in the Properties of an Index Scan, you’ll be able to see whether the order of the data is required by the plan. A property called Ordered will demonstrate this. In this particular example, the second plan is significantly faster, but is dependent on having ordered data. In fact, if I force a Stream Aggregate on unordered data (which I’m doing by telling it to use a different index), a Sort operation is needed, which makes my plan a lot slower. This is all very straight-forward stuff, and information that most people are fully aware of. I’m sure you’ve all read my good friend Paul White (@sql_kiwi)’s post on how the Query Optimizer chooses which type of aggregate function to apply. But let’s take a look at SQL Server Integration Services. SSIS gives us a Aggregate transformation for use in Data Flow Tasks, but it’s described as Blocking. The definitive article on Performance Tuning SSIS uses Sort and Aggregate as examples of Blocking Transformations. I’ve just shown you that Aggregate operations used by the Query Optimizer are not always blocking, but that the SSIS Aggregate component is an example of a blocking transformation. But is it always the case? After all, there are plenty of SSIS Performance Tuning talks out there that describe the value of sorted data in Data Flow Tasks, describing the IsSorted property that can be set through the Advanced Editor of your Source component. And so I set about testing the Aggregate transformation in SSIS, to prove for sure whether providing Sorted data would let the Aggregate transform behave like a Stream Aggregate. (Of course, I knew the answer already, but it helps to be able to demonstrate these things). A query that will produce a million rows in order was in order. Let me rephrase. I used a query which produced the numbers from 1 to 1000000, in a single field, ordered. The IsSorted flag was set on the source output, with the only column as SortKey 1. Performing an Aggregate function over this (counting the number of rows per distinct number) should produce an additional column with 1 in it. If this were being done in T-SQL, the ordered data would allow a Stream Aggregate to be used. In fact, if the Query Optimizer saw that the field had a Unique Index on it, it would be able to skip the Aggregate function completely, and just insert the value 1. This is a shortcut I wouldn’t be expecting from SSIS, but certainly the Stream behaviour would be nice. Unfortunately, it’s not the case. As you can see from the screenshots above, the data is pouring into the Aggregate function, and not being released until all million rows have been seen. It’s not doing a Stream Aggregate at all. This is expected behaviour. (I put that in bold, because I want you to realise this.) An SSIS transformation is a piece of code that runs. It’s a physical operation. When you write T-SQL and ask for an aggregation to be done, it’s a logical operation. The physical operation is either a Stream Aggregate or a Hash Match. In SSIS, you’re telling the system that you want a generic Aggregation, that will have to work with whatever data is passed in. I’m not saying that it wouldn’t be possible to make a sometimes-blocking aggregation component in SSIS. A Custom Component could be created which could detect whether the SortKeys columns of the input matched the Grouping columns of the Aggregation, and either call the blocking code or the non-blocking code as appropriate. One day I’ll make one of those, and publish it on my blog. I’ve done it before with a Script Component, but as Script components are single-use, I was able to handle the data knowing everything about my data flow already. As per my previous post – there are a lot of aspects in which tuning SSIS and tuning execution plans use similar concepts. In both situations, it really helps to have a feel for what’s going on behind the scenes. Considering whether an operation is blocking or not is extremely relevant to performance, and that it’s not always obvious from the surface. In a future post, I’ll show the impact of blocking v non-blocking and synchronous v asynchronous components in SSIS, using some of LobsterPot’s Script Components and Custom Components as examples. When I get that sorted, I’ll make a Stream Aggregate component available for download.

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• The blocking nature of aggregates

  - by Rob Farley

  I wrote a post recently about how query tuning isn’t just about how quickly the query runs – that if you have something (such as SSIS) that is consuming your data (and probably introducing a bottleneck), then it might be more important to have a query which focuses on getting the first bit of data out. You can read that post here.  In particular, we looked at two operators that could be used to ensure that a query returns only Distinct rows. and The Sort operator pulls in all the data, sorts it (discarding duplicates), and then pushes out the remaining rows. The Hash Match operator performs a Hashing function on each row as it comes in, and then looks to see if it’s created a Hash it’s seen before. If not, it pushes the row out. The Sort method is quicker, but has to wait until it’s gathered all the data before it can do the sort, and therefore blocks the data flow. But that was my last post. This one’s a bit different. This post is going to look at how Aggregate functions work, which ties nicely into this month’s T-SQL Tuesday. I’ve frequently explained about the fact that DISTINCT and GROUP BY are essentially the same function, although DISTINCT is the poorer cousin because you have less control over it, and you can’t apply aggregate functions. Just like the operators used for Distinct, there are different flavours of Aggregate operators – coming in blocking and non-blocking varieties. The example I like to use to explain this is a pile of playing cards. If I’m handed a pile of cards and asked to count how many cards there are in each suit, it’s going to help if the cards are already ordered. Suppose I’m playing a game of Bridge, I can easily glance at my hand and count how many there are in each suit, because I keep the pile of cards in order. Moving from left to right, I could tell you I have four Hearts in my hand, even before I’ve got to the end. By telling you that I have four Hearts as soon as I know, I demonstrate the principle of a non-blocking operation. This is known as a Stream Aggregate operation. It requires input which is sorted by whichever columns the grouping is on, and it will release a row as soon as the group changes – when I encounter a Spade, I know I don’t have any more Hearts in my hand. Alternatively, if the pile of cards are not sorted, I won’t know how many Hearts I have until I’ve looked through all the cards. In fact, to count them, I basically need to put them into little piles, and when I’ve finished making all those piles, I can count how many there are in each. Because I don’t know any of the final numbers until I’ve seen all the cards, this is blocking. This performs the aggregate function using a Hash Match. Observant readers will remember this from my Distinct example. You might remember that my earlier Hash Match operation – used for Distinct Flow – wasn’t blocking. But this one is. They’re essentially doing a similar operation, applying a Hash function to some data and seeing if the set of values have been seen before, but before, it needs more information than the mere existence of a new set of values, it needs to consider how many of them there are. A lot is dependent here on whether the data coming out of the source is sorted or not, and this is largely determined by the indexes that are being used. If you look in the Properties of an Index Scan, you’ll be able to see whether the order of the data is required by the plan. A property called Ordered will demonstrate this. In this particular example, the second plan is significantly faster, but is dependent on having ordered data. In fact, if I force a Stream Aggregate on unordered data (which I’m doing by telling it to use a different index), a Sort operation is needed, which makes my plan a lot slower. This is all very straight-forward stuff, and information that most people are fully aware of. I’m sure you’ve all read my good friend Paul White (@sql_kiwi)’s post on how the Query Optimizer chooses which type of aggregate function to apply. But let’s take a look at SQL Server Integration Services. SSIS gives us a Aggregate transformation for use in Data Flow Tasks, but it’s described as Blocking. The definitive article on Performance Tuning SSIS uses Sort and Aggregate as examples of Blocking Transformations. I’ve just shown you that Aggregate operations used by the Query Optimizer are not always blocking, but that the SSIS Aggregate component is an example of a blocking transformation. But is it always the case? After all, there are plenty of SSIS Performance Tuning talks out there that describe the value of sorted data in Data Flow Tasks, describing the IsSorted property that can be set through the Advanced Editor of your Source component. And so I set about testing the Aggregate transformation in SSIS, to prove for sure whether providing Sorted data would let the Aggregate transform behave like a Stream Aggregate. (Of course, I knew the answer already, but it helps to be able to demonstrate these things). A query that will produce a million rows in order was in order. Let me rephrase. I used a query which produced the numbers from 1 to 1000000, in a single field, ordered. The IsSorted flag was set on the source output, with the only column as SortKey 1. Performing an Aggregate function over this (counting the number of rows per distinct number) should produce an additional column with 1 in it. If this were being done in T-SQL, the ordered data would allow a Stream Aggregate to be used. In fact, if the Query Optimizer saw that the field had a Unique Index on it, it would be able to skip the Aggregate function completely, and just insert the value 1. This is a shortcut I wouldn’t be expecting from SSIS, but certainly the Stream behaviour would be nice. Unfortunately, it’s not the case. As you can see from the screenshots above, the data is pouring into the Aggregate function, and not being released until all million rows have been seen. It’s not doing a Stream Aggregate at all. This is expected behaviour. (I put that in bold, because I want you to realise this.) An SSIS transformation is a piece of code that runs. It’s a physical operation. When you write T-SQL and ask for an aggregation to be done, it’s a logical operation. The physical operation is either a Stream Aggregate or a Hash Match. In SSIS, you’re telling the system that you want a generic Aggregation, that will have to work with whatever data is passed in. I’m not saying that it wouldn’t be possible to make a sometimes-blocking aggregation component in SSIS. A Custom Component could be created which could detect whether the SortKeys columns of the input matched the Grouping columns of the Aggregation, and either call the blocking code or the non-blocking code as appropriate. One day I’ll make one of those, and publish it on my blog. I’ve done it before with a Script Component, but as Script components are single-use, I was able to handle the data knowing everything about my data flow already. As per my previous post – there are a lot of aspects in which tuning SSIS and tuning execution plans use similar concepts. In both situations, it really helps to have a feel for what’s going on behind the scenes. Considering whether an operation is blocking or not is extremely relevant to performance, and that it’s not always obvious from the surface. In a future post, I’ll show the impact of blocking v non-blocking and synchronous v asynchronous components in SSIS, using some of LobsterPot’s Script Components and Custom Components as examples. When I get that sorted, I’ll make a Stream Aggregate component available for download.

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• [C#] RSACryptoServiceProvider Using the Public Key to decrypt Private Key encrypted Data ?

  - by prixone

  Hello, i went thru lots and lots of searchs and results and pages considering this matter but havent found the solution yet. Like i described in the title i want to decrypt data using my Public Key which is something i am able to do with my PHP code, my certificate is generated from my PHP page. Here is a sample of what i am trying: public string Decrypt(string data) { X509Certificate2 cert = new X509Certificate2(); cert.Import(Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(webApi["PublicDefaultKey"])); RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = (RSACryptoServiceProvider)cert.PublicKey.Key; byte[] ciphertextBytes = Convert.FromBase64String(data); byte[] plaintextBytes = rsa.Decrypt(ciphertextBytes, false); return System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetString(plaintextBytes); } MessageBox.Show(Decrypt("pgcl93TpVfyHubuRlL72/PZN0nA4Q+HHx8Y15qGvUyTNpI6y7J13YG07ZVEyB7Dbgx63FSw9vEw1D1Z3bvNbI0gqalVfKTfHv5tKVc7Y6nQwQYwoODpUhVpa/K9OP1lqx4esnxqwJx95G0rqgJTdS+Yo773s5UcJrHzzbsX2z+w=")); here is the public key i am using for tests: -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE----- MIIDxDCCAy2gAwIBAgIBADANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUFADCBozELMAkGA1UEBhMCVUsx EDAOBgNVBAgTB0VuZ2xhbmQxDzANBgNVBAcTBkxvbmRvbjESMBAGA1UEChMJTU1P Q2xldmVyMSMwIQYDVQQLExpNTU9DbGV2ZXIgRGV2ZWxvcGVyJ3MgVGVhbTESMBAG A1UEAxMJTU1PQ2xldmVyMSQwIgYJKoZIhvcNAQkBFhVzdXBwb3J0QG1tb2NsZXZl ci5jb20wHhcNMTAwNTE2MTkxNDQ4WhcNMTEwNTE2MTkxNDQ4WjCBozELMAkGA1UE BhMCVUsxEDAOBgNVBAgTB0VuZ2xhbmQxDzANBgNVBAcTBkxvbmRvbjESMBAGA1UE ChMJTU1PQ2xldmVyMSMwIQYDVQQLExpNTU9DbGV2ZXIgRGV2ZWxvcGVyJ3MgVGVh bTESMBAGA1UEAxMJTU1PQ2xldmVyMSQwIgYJKoZIhvcNAQkBFhVzdXBwb3J0QG1t b2NsZXZlci5jb20wgZ8wDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADgY0AMIGJAoGBAMozHr17PL+N seZyadobUmpIV+RKqmRUGX0USIdj0i0yvwvltu3AIKAyRhGz16053jZV2WeglCEj qfiewF9sYTAAoIVGtdd/sZvO4uUcng9crSzDo0CrEPs/Tn5SunmlmyFlZfdlqpAM XXLno/HMo9cza0CrcMnRokaTiu8szBeBAgMBAAGjggEEMIIBADAdBgNVHQ4EFgQU zip+3/hBIpjvdcSoWQ2rW+xDEWAwgdAGA1UdIwSByDCBxYAUzip+3/hBIpjvdcSo WQ2rW+xDEWChgamkgaYwgaMxCzAJBgNVBAYTAlVLMRAwDgYDVQQIEwdFbmdsYW5k MQ8wDQYDVQQHEwZMb25kb24xEjAQBgNVBAoTCU1NT0NsZXZlcjEjMCEGA1UECxMa TU1PQ2xldmVyIERldmVsb3BlcidzIFRlYW0xEjAQBgNVBAMTCU1NT0NsZXZlcjEk MCIGCSqGSIb3DQEJARYVc3VwcG9ydEBtbW9jbGV2ZXIuY29tggEAMAwGA1UdEwQF MAMBAf8wDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEFBQADgYEAyU6RLifBXSyQUkBFnTcI6h5ryujh+6o6 eQ1wuPOPmRdYJZuWx/5mjMpIF13sYlNorcOv5WaEnp8/Jfuwc9h/jXlcujser0UE WoaaFwK81O801Xkv2zEm2UUWiOabrGTIT4FVy3gCUXJYjaCnvfSdmkfLJOQxNHVt 4NTMp7IeF60= -----END CERTIFICATE----- by default, the PHP generates the key in PKCS as far as i know, from my C# code i can encrypt using my publick key with out any problems and decrypt it on my php page but so far i was not able to decrypt data sent from my php page encrypted with the private key which is something i can do on my php... i did like some help to understand what i am doing wrong... the error when i run the functions is "bad data" at rsa.Decrypt(ciphertextBytes, false); which i couldnt found anymore information at it... Thanks for any and all the help :)

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• Datapager in silverlight 4 -Nested datagrid visibility issue

  - by Archie

  I have a datagrid in silverlight with child datagrid nested in it. Also I have a DataPager on the outer datagrid. The code looks like this: <data:DataGrid x:Name="dgData" Width="600" ItemsSource="{Binding}" AutoGenerateColumns="False" IsReadOnly="True" HorizontalScrollBarVisibility="Hidden" CanUserSortColumns="False" RowDetailsVisibilityChanged="dgData_RowDetailsVisibilityChanged" Margin="20,0" Grid.RowSpan="2"> <data:DataGrid.Columns> <data:DataGridTextColumn Header="Item" Width="*" Binding="{Binding ItemName,Mode=TwoWay}"/> <data:DataGridTextColumn Header="Company" Width="*" Binding="{Binding Company,Mode=TwoWay}"/> </data:DataGrid.Columns> <data:DataGrid.RowDetailsTemplate> <DataTemplate> <data:DataGrid x:Name="dgRowDetail" Width="400" HorizontalScrollBarVisibility="Hidden" AutoGenerateColumns="False" Visibility="Collapsed"> <data:DataGrid.Columns> <data:DataGridTextColumn Header="Date" Width="*" Binding="{Binding Date,Mode=TwoWay}"/> <data:DataGridTextColumn Header="Price" Width="*" Binding="{Binding Price,Mode=TwoWay}"/> </data:DataGrid.Columns> </data:DataGrid> </DataTemplate> </data:DataGrid.RowDetailsTemplate> </data:DataGrid> <data:DataPager x:Name="dpData" HorizontalAlignment="Center" DisplayMode="FirstLastPreviousNextNumeric" Source="{Binding}"/> I have one PagedCollectionView pgv which is bound to outer datagrid as: DataContext = pgv; When the row is clicked I set the child datagrid's ItemsSource property to another PagedCollectionView. My problem is it works fine except for the first row for the first time. When I click on it, it doesn't fire the dgData_RowDetailsVisibilityChanged event. Also, when I click on second row, firstly first row fires the event and then the second row fires it and shows the nested grid. Please help.

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• cPickle ImportError: No module named multiarray

  - by Rafal

  Hello, I'm using cPickle to save my Database into file. The code looks like that: def Save_DataBase(): import cPickle from scipy import * from numpy import * a=Results.VersionName #filename='D:/results/'+a[a.find('/')+1:-a.find('/')-2]+Results.AssType[:3]+str(random.randint(0,100))+Results.Distribution+".lft" filename='D:/results/pppp.lft' plik=open(filename,'w') DataOutput=[[[DataBase.Arrays.Nodes,DataBase.Arrays.Links,DataBase.Arrays.Turns,DataBase.Arrays.Connectors,DataBase.Arrays.Zones], [DataBase.Nodes.Data,DataBase.Links.Data,DataBase.Turns.Data,DataBase.OrigConnectors.Data,DataBase.DestConnectors.Data,DataBase.Zones.Data], [DataBase.Nodes.DictionaryPy2Vis,DataBase.Links.DictionaryPy2Vis,DataBase.Turns.DictionaryPy2Vis,DataBase.OrigConnectors.DictionaryPy2Vis,DataBase.DestConnectors.DictionaryPy2Vis,DataBase.Zones.DictionaryPy2Vis], [DataBase.Nodes.DictionaryVis2Py,DataBase.Links.DictionaryVis2Py,DataBase.Turns.DictionaryVis2Py,DataBase.OrigConnectors.DictionaryVis2Py,DataBase.DestConnectors.DictionaryVis2Py,DataBase.Zones.DictionaryVis2Py], [DataBase.Paths.List]],[Results.VersionName,Results.noZones,Results.noNodes,Results.noLinks,Results.noTurns,Results.noTrips, Results.Times.VersionLoad,Results.Times.GetData,Results.Times.GetCoords,Results.Times.CrossTheTime,Results.Times.Plot_Cylinder, Results.AssType,Results.AssParam,Results.tStart,Results.tEnd,Results.Distribution,Results.tVector]] cPickle.dump(DataOutput, plik, protocol=0) plik.close()` And it works fine. Most of my Database rows are lists of a lists, vecor-like, or array-like data sets. But now when I input data, an error occurs: def Load_DataBase(): import cPickle from scipy import * from numpy import * filename='D:/results/pppp.lft' plik= open(filename, 'rb') """ first cPickle load approach """ A= cPickle.load(plik) """ fail """ """ Another approach - data format exact as in Output step above , also fails""" [[[DataBase.Arrays.Nodes,DataBase.Arrays.Links,DataBase.Arrays.Turns,DataBase.Arrays.Connectors,DataBase.Arrays.Zones], [DataBase.Nodes.Data,DataBase.Links.Data,DataBase.Turns.Data,DataBase.OrigConnectors.Data,DataBase.DestConnectors.Data,DataBase.Zones.Data], [DataBase.Nodes.DictionaryPy2Vis,DataBase.Links.DictionaryPy2Vis,DataBase.Turns.DictionaryPy2Vis,DataBase.OrigConnectors.DictionaryPy2Vis,DataBase.DestConnectors.DictionaryPy2Vis,DataBase.Zones.DictionaryPy2Vis], [DataBase.Nodes.DictionaryVis2Py,DataBase.Links.DictionaryVis2Py,DataBase.Turns.DictionaryVis2Py,DataBase.OrigConnectors.DictionaryVis2Py,DataBase.DestConnectors.DictionaryVis2Py,DataBase.Zones.DictionaryVis2Py], [DataBase.Paths.List]],[Results.VersionName,Results.noZones,Results.noNodes,Results.noLinks,Results.noTurns,Results.noTrips, Results.Times.VersionLoad,Results.Times.GetData,Results.Times.GetCoords,Results.Times.CrossTheTime,Results.Times.Plot_Cylinder, Results.AssType,Results.AssParam,Results.tStart,Results.tEnd,Results.Distribution,Results.tVector]]= cPickle.load(plik)` Error is (in both cases): A= cPickle.load(plik) ImportError: No module named multiarray Any Ideas? PS.

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• SPP Socket createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord will not connect

  - by philDev

  Hello, I want to use Android 2.1 to connect to an external Bluetooth device, wich is offering an SPP port to me. In this case it is an external GPS unit. When I'm trying to connect I can't connect an established socket while being in the "client" mode. Then if I try to set up a socket (being in the server role), to RECEIVE text from my PC everything works just fine. The Computer can connect as the client to the Socket on the Phone via SPP using the SSP UUID or some random UUID. So the Problem is not that I'm using the wrong UUID. But the other way around (e.g. calling connect on the established client socket) createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(UUID uuid)) just doesn't work. Sadly I don't have the time to inspect the problem further. It would be greate If somebody could point me the right way. In the following part of the Logfile has to be the Problem. Greets PhilDev P.S. I'm going to be present during the Office hours. Here the log file: 03-21 03:10:52.020: DEBUG/BluetoothSocket.cpp(4643): initSocketFromFdNative 03-21 03:10:52.025: DEBUG/BluetoothSocket(4643): connect 03-21 03:10:52.025: DEBUG/BluetoothSocket(4643): doSdp 03-21 03:10:52.050: DEBUG/ADAPTER(2132): create_device(01:00:00:7F:B5:B3) 03-21 03:10:52.050: DEBUG/ADAPTER(2132): adapter_create_device(01:00:00:7F:B5:B3) 03-21 03:10:52.055: DEBUG/DEVICE(2132): Creating device [address = 01:00:00:7F:B5:B3] /org/bluez/2132/hci0/dev_01_00_00_7F_B5_B3 [name = ] 03-21 03:10:52.055: DEBUG/DEVICE(2132): btd_device_ref(0x10c18): ref=1 03-21 03:10:52.065: INFO/BluetoothEventLoop.cpp(1914): event_filter: Received signal org.bluez.Adapter:DeviceCreated from /org/bluez/2132/hci0 03-21 03:10:52.065: INFO/BluetoothService.cpp(1914): ... Object Path = /org/bluez/2132/hci0/dev_01_00_00_7F_B5_B3 03-21 03:10:52.065: INFO/BluetoothService.cpp(1914): ... Pattern = 00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb, strlen = 36 03-21 03:10:52.070: DEBUG/DEVICE(2132): *************DiscoverServices******** 03-21 03:10:52.070: INFO/DTUN_HCID(2132): dtun_client_get_remote_svc_channel: starting discovery on (uuid16=0x0011) 03-21 03:10:52.070: INFO/DTUN_HCID(2132): bdaddr=01:00:00:7F:B5:B3 03-21 03:10:52.070: INFO/DTUN_CLNT(2132): Client calling DTUN_METHOD_DM_GET_REMOTE_SERVICE_CHANNEL (id 4) 03-21 03:10:52.070: INFO/(2106): DTUN_ReceiveCtrlMsg: [DTUN] Received message [BTLIF_DTUN_METHOD_CALL] 4354 03-21 03:10:52.070: INFO/(2106): handle_method_call: handle_method_call :: received DTUN_METHOD_DM_GET_REMOTE_SERVICE_CHANNEL (id 4), len 134 03-21 03:10:52.075: ERROR/BTLD(2106): ****************search UUID = 1101*********** 03-21 03:10:52.075: INFO//system/bin/btld(2103): btapp_dm_GetRemoteServiceChannel() 03-21 03:10:52.120: DEBUG/BluetoothService(1914): updateDeviceServiceChannelCache(01:00:00:7F:B5:B3) 03-21 03:10:52.120: DEBUG/BluetoothEventLoop(1914): ClassValue: null for remote device: 01:00:00:7F:B5:B3 is null 03-21 03:10:52.120: INFO/BluetoothEventLoop.cpp(1914): event_filter: Received signal org.bluez.Adapter:PropertyChanged from /org/bluez/2132/hci0 03-21 03:10:52.305: WARN/BTLD(2106): bta_dm_check_av:0 03-21 03:10:56.395: DEBUG/WifiService(1914): ACTION_BATTERY_CHANGED pluggedType: 2 03-21 03:10:57.440: WARN/BTLD(2106): SDP - Rcvd conn cnf with error: 0x4 CID 0x43 03-21 03:10:57.440: INFO/BTL-IFS(2106): send_ctrl_msg: [BTL_IFS CTRL] send BTLIF_DTUN_SIGNAL_EVT (CTRL) 13 pbytes (hdl 10) 03-21 03:10:57.445: INFO/DTUN_CLNT(2132): dtun-rx signal [DTUN_SIG_DM_RMT_SERVICE_CHANNEL] (id 42) len 15 03-21 03:10:57.445: INFO/DTUN_HCID(2132): dtun_dm_sig_rmt_service_channel: success=1, service=00000000 03-21 03:10:57.445: ERROR/DTUN_HCID(2132): discovery unsuccessful! package de.phil_dev.android.BT; import java.io.BufferedInputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.io.OutputStream; import java.util.UUID; import android.app.Activity; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothClass; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothServerSocket; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket; import android.content.Intent; import android.os.Bundle; import android.util.Log; import android.widget.Toast; public class ThinBTClient extends Activity { private static final String TAG = "THINBTCLIENT"; private static final boolean D = true; private BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter = null; private BluetoothSocket btSocket = null; private BufferedInputStream inStream = null; private BluetoothServerSocket myServerSocket; private ConnectThread myConnection; private ServerThread myServer; // Well known SPP UUID (will *probably* map to // RFCOMM channel 1 (default) if not in use); // see comments in onResume(). private static final UUID MY_UUID = UUID .fromString("00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB"); // .fromString("94f39d29-7d6d-437d-973b-fba39e49d4ee"); // ==> hardcode your slaves MAC address here <== // PC // private static String address = "00:09:DD:50:86:A0"; // GPS private static String address = "00:0B:0D:8E:D4:33"; /** Called when the activity is first created. */ @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); if (D) Log.e(TAG, "+++ ON CREATE +++"); mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter(); if (mBluetoothAdapter == null) { Toast.makeText(this, "Bluetooth is not available.", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); finish(); return; } if (!mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) { Toast.makeText(this, "Please enable your BT and re-run this program.", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); finish(); return; } if (D) Log.e(TAG, "+++ DONE IN ON CREATE, GOT LOCAL BT ADAPTER +++"); } @Override public void onStart() { super.onStart(); if (D) Log.e(TAG, "++ ON START ++"); } @Override public void onResume() { super.onResume(); if (D) { Log.e(TAG, "+ ON RESUME +"); Log.e(TAG, "+ ABOUT TO ATTEMPT CLIENT CONNECT +"); } // Make the phone discoverable // When this returns, it will 'know' about the server, // via it's MAC address. // mBluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery(); BluetoothDevice device = mBluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(address); Log.e(TAG, device.getName() + " connected"); // myServer = new ServerThread(); // myServer.start(); myConnection = new ConnectThread(device); myConnection.start(); } @Override public void onPause() { super.onPause(); if (D) Log.e(TAG, "- ON PAUSE -"); try { btSocket.close(); } catch (IOException e2) { Log.e(TAG, "ON PAUSE: Unable to close socket.", e2); } } @Override public void onStop() { super.onStop(); if (D) Log.e(TAG, "-- ON STOP --"); } @Override public void onDestroy() { super.onDestroy(); if (D) Log.e(TAG, "--- ON DESTROY ---"); } private class ServerThread extends Thread { private final BluetoothServerSocket myServSocket; public ServerThread() { BluetoothServerSocket tmp = null; // create listening socket try { tmp = mBluetoothAdapter .listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord( "myServer", MY_UUID); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "Server establishing failed"); } myServSocket = tmp; } public void run() { Log.e(TAG, "Beginn waiting for connection"); BluetoothSocket connectSocket = null; InputStream inStream = null; byte[] buffer = new byte[1024]; int bytes; while (true) { try { connectSocket = myServSocket.accept(); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "Connection failed"); break; } Log.e(TAG, "ALL THE WAY AROUND"); try { connectSocket = connectSocket.getRemoteDevice() .createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(MY_UUID); connectSocket.connect(); } catch (IOException e1) { Log.e(TAG, "DIDNT WORK"); } // handle Connection try { inStream = connectSocket.getInputStream(); while (true) { try { bytes = inStream.read(buffer); Log.e(TAG, "Received: " + buffer.toString()); } catch (IOException e3) { Log.e(TAG, "disconnected"); break; } } } catch (IOException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); break; } } } void cancel() { } } private class ConnectThread extends Thread { private final BluetoothSocket mySocket; private final BluetoothDevice myDevice; public ConnectThread(BluetoothDevice device) { myDevice = device; BluetoothSocket tmp = null; try { tmp = device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(MY_UUID); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "CONNECTION IN THREAD DIDNT WORK"); } mySocket = tmp; } public void run() { Log.e(TAG, "STARTING TO CONNECT THE SOCKET"); setName("My Connection Thread"); InputStream inStream = null; boolean run = false; //mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery(); try { mySocket.connect(); run = true; } catch (IOException e) { run = false; Log.e(TAG, this.getName() + ": CONN DIDNT WORK, Try closing socket"); try { mySocket.close(); } catch (IOException e1) { Log.e(TAG, this.getName() + ": COULD CLOSE SOCKET", e1); this.destroy(); } } synchronized (ThinBTClient.this) { myConnection = null; } byte[] buffer = new byte[1024]; int bytes; // handle Connection try { inStream = mySocket.getInputStream(); while (run) { try { bytes = inStream.read(buffer); Log.e(TAG, "Received: " + buffer.toString()); } catch (IOException e3) { Log.e(TAG, "disconnected"); } } } catch (IOException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } // starting connected thread (handling there in and output } public void cancel() { try { mySocket.close(); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, this.getName() + " SOCKET NOT CLOSED"); } } } }

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• Java JTextPane JScrollPane Display Issue

  - by ikurtz

  The following class implements a chatGUI. When it runs okay the screen looks like this: Fine ChatGUI The problem is very often when i enter text of large length ie. 50 - 100 chars the gui goes crazy. the chat history box shrinks as shown in this image. Any ideas regarding what is causing this? Thank you. package Sartre.Connect4; import javax.swing.*; import java.net.*; import java.awt.*; import java.awt.event.*; import javax.swing.text.StyledDocument; import javax.swing.text.Style; import javax.swing.text.StyleConstants; import javax.swing.text.BadLocationException; import java.io.BufferedOutputStream; import javax.swing.text.html.HTMLEditorKit; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.FileNotFoundException; import javax.swing.filechooser.FileNameExtensionFilter; import javax.swing.JFileChooser; /** * Chat form class * @author iAmjad */ public class ChatGUI extends JDialog implements ActionListener { /** * Used to hold chat history data */ private JTextPane textPaneHistory = new JTextPane(); /** * provides scrolling to chat history pane */ private JScrollPane scrollPaneHistory = new JScrollPane(textPaneHistory); /** * used to input local message to chat history */ private JTextPane textPaneHome = new JTextPane(); /** * Provides scrolling to local chat pane */ private JScrollPane scrollPaneHomeText = new JScrollPane(textPaneHome); /** * JLabel acting as a statusbar */ private JLabel statusBar = new JLabel("Ready"); /** * Button to clear chat history pane */ private JButton JBClear = new JButton("Clear"); /** * Button to save chat history pane */ private JButton JBSave = new JButton("Save"); /** * Holds contentPane */ private Container containerPane; /** * Layout GridBagLayout manager */ private GridBagLayout gridBagLayout = new GridBagLayout(); /** * GridBagConstraints */ private GridBagConstraints constraints = new GridBagConstraints(); /** * Constructor for ChatGUI */ public ChatGUI(){ setTitle("Chat"); // set up dialog icon URL url = getClass().getResource("Resources/SartreIcon.jpg"); ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(url); Image image = imageIcon.getImage(); this.setIconImage(image); this.setAlwaysOnTop(true); setLocationRelativeTo(this.getParent()); //////////////// End icon and placement ///////////////////////// // Get pane and set layout manager containerPane = getContentPane(); containerPane.setLayout(gridBagLayout); ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////// Begin Chat History ////////////////////////////// textPaneHistory.setToolTipText("Chat History Window"); textPaneHistory.setEditable(false); textPaneHistory.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(350,250)); scrollPaneHistory.setVerticalScrollBarPolicy(ScrollPaneConstants.VERTICAL_SCROLLBAR_ALWAYS); scrollPaneHistory.setHorizontalScrollBarPolicy(ScrollPaneConstants.HORIZONTAL_SCROLLBAR_NEVER); // fill Chat History GridBagConstraints constraints.gridx = 0; constraints.gridy = 0; constraints.gridwidth = 10; constraints.gridheight = 10; constraints.weightx = 100; constraints.weighty = 100; constraints.fill = GridBagConstraints.BOTH; constraints.anchor = GridBagConstraints.CENTER; constraints.insets = new Insets(10,10,10,10); constraints.ipadx = 0; constraints.ipady = 0; gridBagLayout.setConstraints(scrollPaneHistory, constraints); // add to the pane containerPane.add(scrollPaneHistory); /////////////////////////////// End Chat History /////////////////////// ///////////////////////// Begin Home Chat ////////////////////////////// textPaneHome.setToolTipText("Home Chat Message Window"); textPaneHome.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(200,50)); textPaneHome.addKeyListener(new MyKeyAdapter()); scrollPaneHomeText.setVerticalScrollBarPolicy(ScrollPaneConstants.VERTICAL_SCROLLBAR_ALWAYS); scrollPaneHomeText.setHorizontalScrollBarPolicy(ScrollPaneConstants.HORIZONTAL_SCROLLBAR_NEVER); // fill Chat History GridBagConstraints constraints.gridx = 0; constraints.gridy = 10; constraints.gridwidth = 6; constraints.gridheight = 1; constraints.weightx = 100; constraints.weighty = 100; constraints.fill = GridBagConstraints.BOTH; constraints.anchor = GridBagConstraints.CENTER; constraints.insets = new Insets(10,10,10,10); constraints.ipadx = 0; constraints.ipady = 0; gridBagLayout.setConstraints(scrollPaneHomeText, constraints); // add to the pane containerPane.add(scrollPaneHomeText); ////////////////////////// End Home Chat ///////////////////////// ///////////////////////Begin Clear Chat History //////////////////////// JBClear.setToolTipText("Clear Chat History"); // fill Chat History GridBagConstraints constraints.gridx = 6; constraints.gridy = 10; constraints.gridwidth = 2; constraints.gridheight = 1; constraints.weightx = 100; constraints.weighty = 100; constraints.fill = GridBagConstraints.BOTH; constraints.anchor = GridBagConstraints.CENTER; constraints.insets = new Insets(10,10,10,10); constraints.ipadx = 0; constraints.ipady = 0; gridBagLayout.setConstraints(JBClear, constraints); JBClear.addActionListener(this); // add to the pane containerPane.add(JBClear); ///////////////// End Clear Chat History //////////////////////// /////////////// Begin Save Chat History ////////////////////////// JBSave.setToolTipText("Save Chat History"); constraints.gridx = 8; constraints.gridy = 10; constraints.gridwidth = 2; constraints.gridheight = 1; constraints.weightx = 100; constraints.weighty = 100; constraints.fill = GridBagConstraints.BOTH; constraints.anchor = GridBagConstraints.CENTER; constraints.insets = new Insets(10,10,10,10); constraints.ipadx = 0; constraints.ipady = 0; gridBagLayout.setConstraints(JBSave, constraints); JBSave.addActionListener(this); // add to the pane containerPane.add(JBSave); ///////////////////// End Save Chat History ///////////////////// /////////////////// Begin Status Bar ///////////////////////////// constraints.gridx = 0; constraints.gridy = 11; constraints.gridwidth = 10; constraints.gridheight = 1; constraints.weightx = 100; constraints.weighty = 50; constraints.fill = GridBagConstraints.BOTH; constraints.anchor = GridBagConstraints.CENTER; constraints.insets = new Insets(0,10,5,0); constraints.ipadx = 0; constraints.ipady = 0; gridBagLayout.setConstraints(statusBar, constraints); // add to the pane containerPane.add(statusBar); ////////////// End Status Bar //////////////////////////// // set resizable to false this.setResizable(false); // pack the GUI pack(); } /** * Deals with necessary menu click events * @param event */ public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event) { Object source = event.getSource(); // Process Clear button event if (source == JBClear){ textPaneHistory.setText(null); statusBar.setText("Chat History Cleared"); } // Process Save button event if (source == JBSave){ // process only if there is data in history pane if (textPaneHistory.getText().length() > 0){ // process location where to save the chat history file JFileChooser chooser = new JFileChooser(); chooser.setMultiSelectionEnabled(false); chooser.setAcceptAllFileFilterUsed(false); FileNameExtensionFilter filter = new FileNameExtensionFilter("HTML Documents", "htm", "html"); chooser.setFileFilter(filter); int option = chooser.showSaveDialog(ChatGUI.this); if (option == JFileChooser.APPROVE_OPTION) { // Set up document to be parsed as HTML StyledDocument doc = (StyledDocument)textPaneHistory.getDocument(); HTMLEditorKit kit = new HTMLEditorKit(); BufferedOutputStream out; try { // add final file name and extension String filePath = chooser.getSelectedFile().getAbsoluteFile() + ".html"; out = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(filePath)); // write out the HTML document kit.write(out, doc, doc.getStartPosition().getOffset(), doc.getLength()); } catch (FileNotFoundException e) { JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(ChatGUI.this, "Application will now close. \n A restart may cure the error!\n\n" + e.getMessage(), "Fatal Error", JOptionPane.WARNING_MESSAGE, null); System.exit(2); } catch (IOException e){ JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(ChatGUI.this, "Application will now close. \n A restart may cure the error!\n\n" + e.getMessage(), "Fatal Error", JOptionPane.WARNING_MESSAGE, null); System.exit(3); } catch (BadLocationException e){ JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(ChatGUI.this, "Application will now close. \n A restart may cure the error!\n\n" + e.getMessage(), "Fatal Error", JOptionPane.WARNING_MESSAGE, null); System.exit(4); } statusBar.setText("Chat History Saved"); } } } } /** * Process return key for sending the message */ private class MyKeyAdapter extends KeyAdapter { @Override @SuppressWarnings("static-access") public void keyPressed(KeyEvent ke) { DateTime dateTime = new DateTime(); String nowdateTime = dateTime.getDateTime(); int kc = ke.getKeyCode(); if (kc == ke.VK_ENTER) { try { // Process only if there is data if (textPaneHome.getText().length() > 0){ // Add message origin formatting StyledDocument doc = (StyledDocument)textPaneHistory.getDocument(); Style style = doc.addStyle("HomeStyle", null); StyleConstants.setBold(style, true); String home = "Home [" + nowdateTime + "]: "; doc.insertString(doc.getLength(), home, style); StyleConstants.setBold(style, false); doc.insertString(doc.getLength(), textPaneHome.getText() + "\n", style); // update caret location textPaneHistory.setCaretPosition(doc.getLength()); textPaneHome.setText(null); statusBar.setText("Message Sent"); } } catch (BadLocationException e) { JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(ChatGUI.this, "Application will now close. \n A restart may cure the error!\n\n" + e.getMessage(), "Fatal Error", JOptionPane.WARNING_MESSAGE, null); System.exit(1); } ke.consume(); } } } }

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• Django-Registration & Django-Profile, using your own custom form

  - by Issy

  Hey All, I am making use of django-registration and django-profile to handle registration and profiles. I would like to create a profile for the user at the time of registration. I have created a custom registration form, and added that to the urls.py using the tutorial on: http://dewful.com/?p=70 The basic idea in the tutorial is to override the default registration form to create the profile at the same time. forms.py - In my profiles app from django import forms from registration.forms import RegistrationForm from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _ from profiles.models import UserProfile from registration.models import RegistrationProfile attrs_dict = { 'class': 'required' } class UserRegistrationForm(RegistrationForm): city = forms.CharField(widget=forms.TextInput(attrs=attrs_dict)) def save(self, profile_callback=None): new_user = RegistrationProfile.objects.create_inactive_user(username=self.cleaned_data['username'], password=self.cleaned_data['password1'], email=self.cleaned_data['email']) new_profile = UserProfile(user=new_user, city=self.cleaned_data['city']) new_profile.save() return new_user In urls.py from profiles.forms import UserRegistrationForm and url(r'^register/$', register, {'backend': 'registration.backends.default.DefaultBackend', 'form_class' : UserRegistrationForm}, name='registration_register'), The form is displayed, and i can enter in City, however it does not save or create the entry in the DB.

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• Asynchronous COMET query with Tornado and Prototype

  - by grundic

  Hello everyone. I'm trying to write simple web application using Tornado and JS Prototype library. So, the client can execute long running job on server. I wish, that this job runs Asynchronously - so that others clients could view page and do some stuff there. Here what i've got: #!/usr/bin/env/ pytthon import tornado.httpserver import tornado.ioloop import tornado.options import tornado.web from tornado.options import define, options import os import string from time import sleep from datetime import datetime define("port", default=8888, help="run on the given port", type=int) class MainHandler(tornado.web.RequestHandler): def get(self): self.render("templates/index.html", title="::Log watcher::", c_time=datetime.now()) class LongHandler(tornado.web.RequestHandler): @tornado.web.asynchronous def get(self): self.wait_for_smth(callback=self.async_callback(self.on_finish)) print("Exiting from async.") return def wait_for_smth(self, callback): t=0 while (t < 10): print "Sleeping 2 second, t={0}".format(t) sleep(2) t += 1 callback() def on_finish(self): print ("inside finish") self.write("Long running job complete") self.finish() def main(): tornado.options.parse_command_line() settings = { "static_path": os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "static"), } application = tornado.web.Application([ (r"/", MainHandler), (r"/longPolling", LongHandler) ], **settings ) http_server = tornado.httpserver.HTTPServer(application) http_server.listen(options.port) tornado.ioloop.IOLoop.instance().start() if __name__ == "__main__": main() This is server part. It has main view (shows little greeting, current server time and url for ajax query, that executes long running job. If you press a button, a long running job executes. And server hangs :( I can't view no pages, while this job is running. Here is template page: <html> <head> <title>{{ title }}</title> <script type="text/javascript" language="JavaScript" src="{{ static_url("js/prototype.js")}}"></script> <script type='text/javascript' language='JavaScript'> offset=0 last_read=0 function test(){ new Ajax.Request("http://172.22.22.22:8888/longPolling", { method:"get", asynchronous:true, onSuccess: function (transport){ alert(transport.responseText); } }) } </script> </head> <body> Current time is {{c_time}} <br> <input type="button" value="Test" onclick="test();"/> </body> </html> what am I doing wrong? How can implement long pooling, using Tornado and Prototype (or jQuery) PS: I have looked at Chat example, but it too complicated. Can't understand how it works :( PSS Download full example

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• Where to change data for a "list" datasource in dashcode?

  - by erotsppa

  I created a new project in dashcode and it automatically generated a mobile web app for me with a list and sample datasources. I see two datasources, one is labeled as "datasource" and the other is "list". However I can see that the actual data in datasources is in a js file, everything is good but where is the actual data stored for "list"? The sample application came with a bunch of data for "list" and I am unable to change it. Any ideas?

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• Flex actionscript extending DateChooser, events in calendar

  - by Nemi

  ExtendedDateChooser class is great solution for simple event calendar used in my flex project. You can find it if google for "Adding-Calendar-Event-Entries-to-the-Flex-DateChooser-Component" with a link of updated solution in comments of the post. I posted files below. Problem in that calendar is text events are missing when month is changed. Is there updateCompleted event in Actionscript just like in dateChooser flex component? Like in: <mx:DateChooser id="dc" updateCompleted="goThroughDateChooserCalendarLayoutAndSetEventsInCalendarAgain()"</mx> When scroll event is added, which is available in Actionscript, it gets dispatched but after updateDisplayList() is fired, so didn't manage to answer, why are calendar events erased? Any suggestions, what to add in code, maybe override some function? ExtendedDateChooserClass.mxml <?xml version='1.0' encoding="utf-8"?> <mx:Application xmlns:mx="http://www.adobe.com/2006/mxml" xmlns:mycomp="cyberslingers.controls.*" layout="absolute" creationComplete="init()"> <mx:Script> <![CDATA[ import cyberslingers.controls.ExtendedDateChooser; import mx.rpc.events.ResultEvent; import mx.rpc.events.FaultEvent; import mx.controls.Alert; public var mycal:ExtendedDateChooser = new ExtendedDateChooser(); // collection to hold date, data and label [Bindable] public var dateCollection:XMLList = new XMLList(); private function init():void { eventList.send(); } private function readCollection(event:ResultEvent):void { dateCollection = event.result.calendarevent; //Position and size the calendar mycal.width = 400; mycal.height = 400; //Add the data from the XML file to the calendar mycal.dateCollection = dateCollection; //Add the calendar to the canvas this.addChild(mycal); } private function readFaultHandler(event:FaultEvent):void { Alert.show(event.fault.message, "Could not load data"); } ]]> </mx:Script> <mx:HTTPService id="eventList" url="data.xml" resultFormat="e4x" result="readCollection(event);" fault="readFaultHandler(event);"/> </mx:Application> ExtendedDateChooser.as package cyberslingers.controls { import flash.events.Event; import flash.events.TextEvent; import mx.collections.ArrayCollection; import mx.controls.Alert; import mx.controls.CalendarLayout; import mx.controls.DateChooser; import mx.core.UITextField; import mx.events.FlexEvent; public class ExtendedDateChooser extends DateChooser { public function ExtendedDateChooser() { super(); this.addEventListener(TextEvent.LINK, linkHandler); this.addEventListener(FlexEvent.CREATION_COMPLETE, addEvents); } //datasource public var dateCollection:XMLList = new XMLList(); //-------------------------------------- // Add events //-------------------------------------- /** * Loop through calendar control and add event links * @param e */ private function addEvents(e:Event):void { // loop through all the calendar children for(var i:uint = 0; i < this.numChildren; i++) { var calendarObj:Object = this.getChildAt(i); // find the CalendarLayout object if(calendarObj.hasOwnProperty("className")) { if(calendarObj.className == "CalendarLayout") { var cal:CalendarLayout = CalendarLayout(calendarObj); // loop through all the CalendarLayout children for(var j:uint = 0; j < cal.numChildren; j++) { var dateLabel:Object = cal.getChildAt(j); // find all UITextFields if(dateLabel.hasOwnProperty("text")) { var day:UITextField = UITextField(dateLabel); var dayHTML:String = day.text; day.selectable = true; day.wordWrap = true; day.multiline = true; day.styleName = "EventLabel"; //TODO: passing date as string is not ideal, tough to validate //Make sure to add one to month since it is zero based var eventArray:Array = dateHelper((this.displayedMonth+1) + "/" + dateLabel.text + "/" + this.displayedYear); if(eventArray.length > 0) { for(var k:uint = 0; k < eventArray.length; k++) { dayHTML += "<br><A HREF='event:" + eventArray[k].data + "' TARGET=''>" + eventArray[k].label + "</A>"; } day.htmlText = dayHTML; } } } } } } } //-------------------------------------- // Events //-------------------------------------- /** * Handle clicking text link * @param e */ private function linkHandler(event:TextEvent):void { // What do we want to do when user clicks an entry? Alert.show("selected: " + event.text); } //-------------------------------------- // Helpers //-------------------------------------- /** * Build array of events for current date * @param string - current date * */ private function dateHelper(renderedDate:String):Array { var result:Array = new Array(); for(var i:uint = 0; i < dateCollection.length(); i++) { if(dateCollection[i].date == renderedDate) { result.push(dateCollection[i]); } } return result; } } } data.xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <rss> <calendarevent> <date>8/22/2009</date> <data>This is a test 1</data> <label>Stephens Test 1</label> </calendarevent> <calendarevent> <date>8/23/2009</date> <data>This is a test 2</data> <label>Stephens Test 2</label> </calendarevent> </rss>

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• Custom Glassfish Security Realm does not work (unable to find LoginModule)

  - by ifischer

  I'm trying to get a Custom Security Realm in Glassfish working (i tried 3.0.1 final and 3.1 B33). I read nearly all tutorials about this, but it doesn not work on my System. I'm getting the error Login failed: javax.security.auth.login.LoginException: unable to find LoginModule class: de.company.security.utility.CustomLoginModule when trying to login. Here is what i did: I created a little Maven project, which contains the needed Realm class, CustomRealm, and the corresponding LoginModule, CustomLoginModule. My pom.xml: <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.mycompany</groupId> <artifactId>CustomJDBCRealm</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>jar</packaging> <name>Custom JDBCRealm</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.glassfish.security</groupId> <artifactId>security</artifactId> <version>3.1-b33</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <configuration> <source>1.6</source> <target>1.6</target> <optimise>true</optimise> <debug>true</debug> <encoding>UTF-8</encoding> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project> My Custom Realm class: package de.company.security.utility; import com.sun.appserv.security.AppservRealm; import com.sun.enterprise.security.auth.realm.BadRealmException; import com.sun.enterprise.security.auth.realm.InvalidOperationException; import com.sun.enterprise.security.auth.realm.NoSuchRealmException; import com.sun.enterprise.security.auth.realm.NoSuchUserException; import java.util.Enumeration; import java.util.Properties; import java.util.Vector; /** * * @author ifischer */ public class CustomRealm extends AppservRealm { Vector<String> groups = new Vector<String>(); private String jaasCtxName; private String startWith; @Override public void init(Properties properties) throws BadRealmException, NoSuchRealmException { jaasCtxName = properties.getProperty("jaas-context", "customRealm"); startWith = properties.getProperty("startWith", "z"); groups.add("dummy"); } @Override public String getAuthType() { return "Custom Realm"; } public String[] authenticate(String username, char[] password) { // if (isValidLogin(username, password)) return (String[]) groups.toArray(); } @Override public Enumeration getGroupNames(String username) throws InvalidOperationException, NoSuchUserException { return groups.elements(); } @Override public String getJAASContext() { return jaasCtxName; } public String getStartWith() { return startWith; } } My LoginModule class: /* * Copyright (c) 2010 ProfitBricks GmbH. All Rights Reserved. */ package de.company.security.utility; import com.sun.appserv.security.AppservPasswordLoginModule; import com.sun.enterprise.security.auth.login.common.LoginException; import java.util.Set; import org.glassfish.security.common.PrincipalImpl; /** * * @author ifischer */ public class CustomLoginModule extends AppservPasswordLoginModule { @Override protected void authenticateUser() throws LoginException { _logger.info("CustomRealm : authenticateUser for " + _username); final CustomRealm realm = (CustomRealm)_currentRealm; if ( (_username == null) || (_username.length() == 0) || !_username.startsWith(realm.getStartWith())) throw new LoginException("Invalid credentials"); String[] grpList = realm.authenticate(_username, getPasswordChar()); if (grpList == null) { throw new LoginException("User not in groups"); } _logger.info("CustomRealm : authenticateUser for " + _username); Set principals = _subject.getPrincipals(); principals.add(new PrincipalImpl(_username)); this.commitUserAuthentication(grpList); } } I compiled this Maven project and copyied the resulting JAR-file to the Glassfish/lib directory. Then i added the Security Realm "customRealm" to my Glassfish with asadmin: asadmin create-auth-realm --classname de.company.security.utility.CustomRealm --property jaas-context=customRealm:startWith=a customRealm I even referenced the LoginModule class for the JAAS context of my Custom Realm, therefore i inserted this into the login.conf of my domain: customRealm { de.company.security.utility.CustomLoginModule required; }; Although this LoginModule SHOULD BE on the Glassfish classpath, as it's classfiled is packaged in the JAR that i put into the Glassfish/lib-dir, it cannot be found when i try to login. For login, i build a really simple JSF-project, which calls the HttpServletRequest-login-method of Servlet 3.0. When trying to login i'm getting the following Exception: 2010-12-24T14:41:31.613+0100|WARNING|glassfish3.0.1| javax.enterprise.system.container.web.com.sun.web.security|_ThreadID=25; _ThreadName=Thread-1;|Web login failed: Login failed: javax.security.auth.login.LoginException: unable to find LoginModule class: de.company.security.utility.CustomLoginModule Anybody got an idea what i can do that Glassfish loads the LoginModule-class?

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• Groovy pretty print XmlSlurper output from HTML?

  - by Misha Koshelev

  Dear All: I am using several different versions to do this but all seem to result in this error: [Fatal Error] :1:171: The prefix "xmlns" cannot be bound to any namespace explicitly; neither can the namespace for "xmlns" be bound to any prefix explicitly. I load html as: // Load html file def fis=new FileInputStream("2.html") def html=new XmlSlurper(new org.cyberneko.html.parsers.SAXParser()).parseText(fis.text) Versions I've tried: http://johnrellis.blogspot.com/2009/08/hmmm_04.html import groovy.xml.StreamingMarkupBuilder import groovy.xml.XmlUtil def streamingMarkupBuilder=new StreamingMarkupBuilder() println XmlUtil.serialize(streamingMarkupBuilder.bind{mkp.yield html}) http://old.nabble.com/How-to-print-XmlSlurper%27s-NodeChild-with-indentation--td16857110.html // Output import groovy.xml.MarkupBuilder import groovy.xml.StreamingMarkupBuilder import groovy.util.XmlNodePrinter import groovy.util.slurpersupport.NodeChild def printNode(NodeChild node) { def writer = new StringWriter() writer << new StreamingMarkupBuilder().bind { mkp.declareNamespace('':node[0].namespaceURI()) mkp.yield node } new XmlNodePrinter().print(new XmlParser().parseText(writer.toString())) } Any advice? Thank you! Misha

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• A bug in grpah while using google visualization API on IE

  - by gili

  Hi, i'm using google visulization API to build a line chart grapgh. it works fine on FF and Chrome but i'm having problems on IE7: the problem is that the scailing of the x-axis (string) and y-axis (integer) is all wrong. both axis have the same values for some reason, but naturally those valuse are wrong. my code is the following one: var data = new google.visualization.DataTable(); data.addColumn('string', 'Date'); data.addColumn('number', '??????? ???? ??????'); data.addColumn('number', '??????? ??????'); data.addColumn('number', '??????'); data.addColumn('number', '???????'); data.addColumn('number', '???????'); var n = userRightGuessArray.length; data.addRows(userRightGuessArray.length); data.setCell(0, 0, '?? ?????? ??'); data.setCell(0, 1, 0); data.setCell(0, 2, 0); data.setCell(0, 3, 0); data.setCell(0, 4, 0); data.setCell(0, 5, 0); for(var t = 1 ; t // Create and draw the visualization. var chart = new google.visualization.ImageLineChart(document.getElementById('line_div')); chart.draw(data, {width: 400,legend: 'top'/showValueLabels:false/}); thank you for your help, Gili

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• Android camera AVD error 100

  - by Cristian Voina

  I am trying to learn how to make a simple app in android. As background information I have only programmed in C language, no OOP. Currently I am trying turn on the camera using the indications from Android Developer site but some minor changes: - no button for capturing image. - no new activity. What I am trying to do is jut preview the camera. I will post the Code that I am using, the manifest and the LogCat. Main Activity: package com.example.camera_display; import android.app.Activity; import android.hardware.Camera; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.Menu; import android.widget.FrameLayout; import android.widget.TextView; public class MainActivity extends Activity { private Camera mcamera; private CameraPreview mCameraPreview; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); mcamera = getCameraInstance(); mCameraPreview = new CameraPreview(this, mcamera); FrameLayout preview = (FrameLayout) findViewById(R.id.camera_preview); preview.addView(mCameraPreview); } public static Camera getCameraInstance(){ Camera c = null; try { c = Camera.open(); // attempt to get a Camera instance } catch (Exception e){ // Camera is not available (in use or does not exist) } return c; // returns null if camera is unavailable } @Override public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) { // Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present. getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu); return true; } } CameraPreview Class: package com.example.camera_display; import java.io.IOException; import android.content.Context; import android.hardware.Camera; import android.util.Log; import android.view.SurfaceHolder; import android.view.SurfaceView; /** A basic Camera preview class */ public class CameraPreview extends SurfaceView implements SurfaceHolder.Callback { private static final String TAG = "MyActivity"; private SurfaceHolder mHolder; private Camera mCamera; public CameraPreview(Context context, Camera camera) { super(context); mCamera = camera; // Install a SurfaceHolder.Callback so we get notified when the // underlying surface is created and destroyed. mHolder = getHolder(); mHolder.addCallback(this); // deprecated setting, but required on Android versions prior to 3.0 mHolder.setType(SurfaceHolder.SURFACE_TYPE_PUSH_BUFFERS); } public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) { // The Surface has been created, now tell the camera where to draw the preview. try { mCamera.setPreviewDisplay(holder); mCamera.startPreview(); } catch (IOException e) { Log.d(TAG, "Error setting camera preview: " + e.getMessage()); } } public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) { // empty. Take care of releasing the Camera preview in your activity. } public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int w, int h) { // If your preview can change or rotate, take care of those events here. // Make sure to stop the preview before resizing or reformatting it. if (mHolder.getSurface() == null){ // preview surface does not exist return; } // stop preview before making changes try { mCamera.stopPreview(); } catch (Exception e){ // ignore: tried to stop a non-existent preview } // set preview size and make any resize, rotate or // reformatting changes here // start preview with new settings try { mCamera.setPreviewDisplay(mHolder); mCamera.startPreview(); } catch (Exception e){ Log.d(TAG, "Error starting camera preview: " + e.getMessage()); } } } Manifest: <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA"/> <uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.camera"/> LOG CAT: 06-30 15:58:35.075: D/libEGL(1153): loaded /system/lib/egl/libEGL_emulation.so 06-30 15:58:35.147: D/(1153): HostConnection::get() New Host Connection established 0x2a156060, tid 1153 06-30 15:58:35.478: D/libEGL(1153): loaded /system/lib/egl/libGLESv1_CM_emulation.so 06-30 15:58:35.515: D/libEGL(1153): loaded /system/lib/egl/libGLESv2_emulation.so 06-30 15:58:36.334: W/EGL_emulation(1153): eglSurfaceAttrib not implemented 06-30 15:58:36.685: D/OpenGLRenderer(1153): Enabling debug mode 0 06-30 15:58:36.935: D/MyActivity(1153): Error starting camera preview: startPreview failed 06-30 15:58:36.965: I/Choreographer(1153): Skipped 125 frames! The application may be doing too much work on its main thread. 06-30 15:58:38.455: W/Camera(1153): Camera server died! 06-30 15:58:38.455: W/Camera(1153): ICamera died 06-30 15:58:38.476: E/Camera(1153): Error 100 So If anyone could tell me what I am doing wrong (and explain why it should be done different) that would be great :) Thanks!

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• Cfsearch in combination of documents and indexed query data?

  - by Bart B

  hi! I have an application which stores all kind of data about people. The current cfsearch functionality (in Verity) includes searching documents that are attached to these people. If i have 2 documents attached to 1 person, 1 with say ABC in it and the other with XYZ in it, my ideal searchresult for "ABC AND XYZ" would return the 1 person. But as both 'words' are indexed in different documents, the standard behaviour is not to return any result from the cfsearch, because the combination doesnt exist in any of the 2 documents. Is there any way to combine indexed documents and/or query data in a way that the search is executed in the combination of relevant docs and data? In my application that would mean that i could index all documents and data regarding people and have an intelligent 'global' search to find the right person. any pointers and help very much appreciated! (should Solr offer new possibilities in comparison to Verity, no problem!) thanks! Bart

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• MIPS assembly: how to declare integer values in the .data section?

  - by Barney

  I'm trying to get my feet wet with MIPS assembly language using the MARS simulator. My main problem now is how do I initialize a set of memory locations so that I can access them later via assembly language instructions? For example, I want to initialize addresses 0x1001000 - 0x10001003 with the values 0x99, 0x87, 0x23, 0x45. I think this can be done in the data declaration (.data) section of my assembly program but I'm not sure of the syntax. Is this possible? Alternatively, in the .data section, how do I specify storing the integer values in some memory location (I don't care where, but I just want to reference them somewhere). So I'm looking for the C equivalent of "int x = 20, y=30, z=90;" I know how to do that using MIPS instructions but is it possible to declare something like that in the .data section of a MIPS assembly program?

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• Is it a good object-oriented-design practice to send a pointer to private data to another class?

  - by Denis

  Hello everyone, There is well known recommendation not to include into class interface method that returns a pointer (or a reference) to private data of the class. But what do you think about public method of a class that sends to another class a pointer to the private data of the first one. For example: class A { public: void fA(void) {_b.fB(&_var)}; private: B _b; int _var; }; I think that it is some sort of data hiding damage: the private data define state of their own class, so why should one class delegate changes of its own state to another one? What do you think? Denis

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