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• python-iptables: Cryptic error when allowing incoming TCP traffic on port 1234

  - by Lucas Kauffman

  I wanted to write an iptables script in Python. Rather than calling iptables itself I wanted to use the python-iptables package. However I'm having a hard time getting some basic rules setup. I wanted to use the filter chain to accept incoming TCP traffic on port 1234. So I wrote this: import iptc chain = iptc.Chain(iptc.TABLE_FILTER,"INPUT") rule = iptc.Rule() target = iptc.Target(rule,"ACCEPT") match = iptc.Match(rule,'tcp') match.dport='1234' rule.add_match(match) rule.target = target chain.insert_rule(rule) However when I run this I get this thrown back at me: Traceback (most recent call last): File "testing.py", line 9, in <module> chain.insert_rule(rule) File "/usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/iptc/__init__.py", line 1133, in insert_rule self.table.insert_entry(self.name, rbuf, position) File "/usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/iptc/__init__.py", line 1166, in new obj.refresh() File "/usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/iptc/__init__.py", line 1230, in refresh self._free() File "/usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/iptc/__init__.py", line 1224, in _free self.commit() File "/usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/iptc/__init__.py", line 1219, in commit raise IPTCError("can't commit: %s" % (self.strerror())) iptc.IPTCError: can't commit: Invalid argument Exception AttributeError: "'NoneType' object has no attribute 'get_errno'" in <bound method Table.__del__ of <iptc.Table object at 0x7fcad56cc550>> ignored Does anyone have experience with python-iptables that could enlighten on what I did wrong?

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• Storing User Information in Session with aspNetMembershipProvider

  - by Muhammad Adeel Zahid

  Hi Everyone, i m developing an application in .NET mvc2. i m using aspnetMembershipProvider for User registration and related activities. i need some custom information about user that i stored in a separate table (sysUser for example) and linked it to aspnetUser table through foreign key. after Login i need to fetch user's credentials from sysUser table and push it to the session. For this Account controller's Logon method seemed best to me and i pasted following code in my Logon ActionResult if (!ValidateLogOn(userName, password)) { return View(); } FormsAuth.SignIn(userName, rememberMe); ApplicationRepository _ApplicationRepository = new ApplicationRepository(); MembershipUser aspUser = Membership.GetUser(userName); SessionUser CurrentUser = _ApplicationRepository.GetUserCredentials(aspUser.ProviderUserKey.ToString()); //Session["CurrentUser"] = CurrentUser; if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(returnUrl)) { return Redirect(returnUrl); } else { return RedirectToAction("Index", "Home"); } The code is working perfectly for me and put my desired information in the session but the thing is that if a user selects Remember me and on his next visit he won't have to Log in and i would not find my desired information in the Session. Can anyone guide me where should i put my code that stores the user information in the session. any Help is Highly appreciated Regards Adeel

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• Query Access and VB.NET

  - by yae

  Hi all: I have 2 tables: "products" and "pieces" PRODUCTS idProd product price PIECES id idProdMain idProdChild quant idProdMain and idProdChild are vinculated with the table: "products". Other considerations is that 1 product can have some pieces and 1 product can be a piece. Price product equal a sum of quantity * price of all their pieces. EXAMPLE: TABLE PRODUCTS (idProd - product - price) 1 - Computer - 300€ 2 - Hard Disk - 100€ 3 - Memory - 50€ 4 - Main Board - 100€ 5 - Software - 50€ 6 - CDroms 100 un. - 30€ TABLE PIECES (id - idProdMain - idProdChild - Quant.) 1 - 1 - 2 - 1 2 - 1 - 3 - 2 3 - 1 - 4 - 1 WHAT I NEED? I need update the price of the main product when the price of the product child (piece) is changed. Following the previous example, if I change the price of this product "memory" (is a piece too) to 60€, then product "Computer" will must change his price to 320€ How I can do it using queries? Already I have tried this to obatin the price of the main product, but not runs. This query not returns any value SELECT Sum(products.price*pieces.quant) AS Expr1 FROM products LEFT JOIN pieces ON (products.idProd = pieces.idProdChild) AND (products.idProd = pieces.idProdChild) AND (products.idProd = pieces.idProdMain) WHERE (((pieces.idProdMain)=5));

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• How to use a DHT for a social trading environment

  - by Lirik

  I'm trying to understand if a DHT can be used to solve a problem I'm working on: I have a trading environment where professional option traders can get an increase in their risk limit by requesting that fellow traders lend them some of their risk limit. The lending trader will can either search for traders with certain risk parameters which are part of every trader's profile, i.e. Greeks, or the lending trader can subscribe to requests from certain traders. I want this environment to be scalable and decentralized, but I don't know how traders can search for specific profile parameters when the data is contained in a DHT. Could anybody explain how this can be done?

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• Modify url for bookmarking using JavaScript

  - by jamesaharvey

  I'm exploring my options for modifying urls in the browser bar for bookmarking purposes. Ideally, I'd like to add querystring parameters and cannot determine if this is even possible. I don't want the page to refresh and want to add querystring values on link clicks, ajax calls, etc. If I can't add querystring parameters, then I'd like to add hash values (http:://someurl.com#hash-value). How should I go about doing this? Should I use plain JavaScript or a framework (jquery, prototype, etc.) and/or framework plugin.

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• MySQL Cursor Issue

  - by James Inman

  I've got the following code - this is the first time I've really attempted using cursors. DELIMITER $$ DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS demo$$ DROP TABLE IF EXISTS temp$$ CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE temp( id INTEGER NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, start DATETIME NOT NULL, end DATETIME NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY(id) ) $$ CREATE PROCEDURE demo() BEGIN DECLARE done INT DEFAULT 0; DECLARE a, b DATETIME; DECLARE cur1 CURSOR FOR SELECT MAX(end) AS end FROM ( SELECT id, start, end, @r := @r + (start > @edate) AS num, @edate := GREATEST(@edate, end) FROM ( SELECT @r := 0, @edate := '0001-01-01' ) vars, student_lectures WHERE ( student_id = 1 AND start >= '2010-04-26 00:00:00' AND end <= '2010-04-30 23:59:59' ) ORDER BY start ) q GROUP BY num; DECLARE cur2 CURSOR FOR SELECT MIN(start) AS start FROM ( SELECT id, start, end, @r := @r + (start > @edate) AS num, @edate := GREATEST(@edate, end) FROM ( SELECT @r := 0, @edate := '0001-01-01' ) vars, student_lectures WHERE ( student_id = 1 AND start >= '2010-04-26 00:00:00' AND end <= '2010-04-30 23:59:59' ) ORDER BY start ) q GROUP BY num LIMIT 1, 18446744073709551615; DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR NOT FOUND SET done = 1; OPEN cur1; OPEN cur2; REPEAT FETCH cur1 INTO a; FETCH cur2 INTO b; IF NOT done THEN INSERT INTO temp(start, end) VALUES(a,b); END IF; UNTIL done END REPEAT; CLOSE cur1; CLOSE cur2; END $$ SELECT * FROM temp; I'm not getting anything outputted into the temp table. Running the following query gives me output, so I know there's rows it should be matching - but I imagine I've made some obvious mistake. SELECT MAX(end) AS end FROM ( SELECT id, start, end, @r := @r + (start > @edate) AS num, @edate := GREATEST(@edate, end) FROM ( SELECT @r := 0, @edate := '0001-01-01' ) vars, student_lectures WHERE ( student_id = 1 AND start >= '2010-04-26 00:00:00' AND end <= '2010-04-30 23:59:59' ) ORDER BY start ) q GROUP BY num; The output this query returns: +---------------------+ | end | +---------------------+ | 2010-04-26 13:00:00 | | 2010-04-26 18:15:00 | | 2010-04-27 11:00:00 | | 2010-04-27 13:00:00 | | 2010-04-27 18:15:00 | | 2010-04-28 13:00:00 | | 2010-04-29 13:00:00 | | 2010-04-29 18:15:00 | | 2010-04-30 13:00:00 | | 2010-04-30 15:15:00 | | 2010-04-30 17:15:00 | +---------------------+ 11 rows in set (0.02 sec)

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• Correct usage of Voldemort as key-value pair?

  - by zengr

  Hello, I am trying to understand, how can Voldermort be used? Say, I have this scenario: Since, Voldemort is a key-value pair. I need to fetch a value (say some text) on the basis of 3 parameters. So, what will be the key in this case? I cannot use 3 keys for 1 value right, but that value should be search able on the basis of those 3 parameters. Am I making sense? Thanks EDIT1 eg: A blog system. A user posts a blog: User's data stored: Name, Age and Sex The blog content (text) is stored. Now, I need to use Voldemort here, if a user searches from the front end for all the blog posts by Sex: Male Then, my code should query voldemort and return all the "blog content (text)" which have Sex as Male.

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• Where are my $_FILES? Ajax Uploading

  - by Richard Testani

  I've built a form to upload images, and processed with Prototype/PHP. $('image_upload').observe('submit', function() { var params = $H(); params.set('name', $('image_title').value); params.set('from', $('from_who').value); params.set('upload_file', $('upload_file').value); new Ajax.Request('/files/upload_process.php', { method:'post', parameters: params, onSuccess: function(r) { $('uploadbox').update('<img src="/images/interface/thankyou.png" />'); } }) }); The form itself sends the data to the server, but when I try to output print_r($_FILES['upload_file']); nothing appears, not even an empty array. If I output print_r($_POST), the parameters are sent properly, but only the file name of the image. So it seems the files themselves are not being sent along. How do I handle this? Thanks Rich

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• loops and conditionals inside triggers

  - by Ying

  I have this piece of logic I would like to implement as a trigger, but I have no idea how to do it! I want to create a trigger that, when a row is deleted, it checks to see if the value of one of its columns exists in another table, and if it does, it should also perform a delete on another table based on another column. So say we had a table Foo that has columns Bar, Baz. This is what id be doing if i did not use a trigger: function deleteFromFooTable(FooId) { SELECT (Bar,Baz) FROM FooTable WHERE id=FooId if not-empty(SELECT * FROM BazTable WHERE id=BazId) DELETE FROM BarTable WHERE id=BarId DELETE FROM FooTable WHERE id=FooId } I jumped some hoops in that pseudo code, but i hope you all get where im going. It seems what i would need is a way to do conditionals and to loop(in case of multiple row deletes?) in the trigger statement. So far, I haven't been able to find anything. Is this not possible, or is this bad practice? Thanks!

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• Intent.getInt() doesn't work on ICS, but works on JB

  - by ObAt

  I use this code to send parameters when I start a new Activity: Intent inputForm = new Intent(getActivity(), InputForm.class); Bundle b = new Bundle(); b.putInt("item", Integer.parseInt(mItem.id)); //Your id inputForm.putExtras(b); //Put your id to your next Intent startActivity(inputForm); And I use this code for reading the parameters in the inputForm Activity: Bundle b = getIntent().getExtras(); if (b != null) { int value = b.getInt("item"); ID = value; } Toast.makeText(getApplication(), "MIJN ID:" + Integer.toString(ID), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); When I run this code on my Samsung Tab 10.1 GT-P7510 ID is alsways 0, when I run the same code on my Galaxy S3 with JB the code just works fine. Can someone help me? Thanks in advance, ObAt

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• Odd DOM Problem with Firefox

  - by Bob

  Hello. I'm experiencing an odd problem when trying to navigate through a table's rows and cells in a while loop using javascript. I'm using Firefox 3.5.7 on Win7 with Firebug enabled. I have this markup: <table> <tbody> <tr id='firstRow'><td>a</td><td>b</td><td>c</td></tr> <tr><td>a</td><td>b</td><td>c</td></tr> <tr><td>a</td><td>b</td><td>c</td></tr> </tbody> </table> And this javascript: var row = document.getElementById('firstRow'); console.log(row); // Row call 1 while (row) { console.log(row); // Row call 2 row = row.nextSibling; } The problem I'm having is that on the line commented "Row call 1", Firebug is outputting <tr id='firstRow'> as expected. However, in the while loop, Firebug is giving me <tr id='firstRow'> <TextNode textContent="\n"> It is giving me different output for the exact same row, even immediately after the while loop begins executing and nothing else touched the row. For subsequent rows, it of course does not have id='firstRow' as an attribute. The bigger problem this is giving me is that if I'm in the while loop, and I want to access a particular cell of the current row using row.cells[0], Firebug will give me an error that row.cells is undefined. I want to know if someone could shed some light on this situation I am experiencing.

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• How do I verify the URL that ActiveResource intends to use on a call?

  - by btelles

  Hi there, I'm trying to request data from another Rails app, but I keep getting a "URL not found" error. Is it possible to use the debugger to figure out the intended URL and parameters for an intended ActiveResource call? For example, I'd like to make a GET request with the following parameters: https://some_server.com/employees/search.xml?last_name=smith And I have the following ActiveResource model class Employee < ActiveResource::Base self.site = "https://.some_server.com" end And the some_server.com app has a search action that maps this way: map.connect "/employees/search.:format", :controller => 'employees', :action => 'search' But when I try this: Employee.new(:last_name => 'smith).get(:search) I get a 404 "Service not found" error. To me, that sounds like the URL that ACtiveResource is requesting is incorrect, 'cause when I make the above request via a browser, I get the xml. Any idea what I'm doing wrong? Cheerio, Berns

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• [Iphone] - Problem in saving file using NSCoding

  - by Matte Gary

  Hi everybody, I've a problem with Iphone programming... I've a NSMutableArray containing object of type "MyClass". MyClass has some parameters, like NSNumber and NSString. I've followed the Apple Tutorial about coding and decoding object using NSCoding, but when I try to decode the file I've stored, the NSMutableArray contain object of type "MyClass", but with wrong parameters. I think i've done all I've to do (including protocol, including methods like initwithencode etc), but it's still not working... Any suggestions? Thanks a lot! And sorry for my English XD

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• Cross-reference between delphi records

  - by Paul-Jan

  Let's say I have a record TQuaternion and a record TVector. Quaternions have some methods with TVector parameters. On the other hand, TVector supports some operations that have TQuaternion parameters. Knowing that Delphi (Win32) does not allow for forward record declarations, how do I solve this elegantly? Using classes is not really an option here, because I really want to use operator overloading for this rare case where it actually makes good sense. For now I simply moved these particular methods out of the records and into separate functions, the good old-fashioned way. Better suggestions are most welcome.

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• Making a query result equal to zero when a condition is null

  - by John

  Hello, I believe the query below should work. However, when I run it, the results are blank. I think this is happening since for now, the table "comment" is empty. So there is no instance where s.submissionid = c.submissionid. I would like to have the query below to work even if there if no s.submissionid that equals a c.submissionid. In this case, I would like countComments to equal zero. How can I do this? Thanks in advance, John $sqlStr = "SELECT s.loginid, s.submissionid s.title, s.url, s.displayurl, l.username, count(c.comment) AS countComments FROM submission AS s, login AS l, comment AS c, WHERE s.loginid = l.loginid AND s.submissionid = c.submissionid GROUP BY s.loginid, s.submissionid s.title, s.url, s.displayurl, l.username ORDER BY s.datesubmitted DESC LIMIT 10"; $result = mysql_query($sqlStr); $arr = array(); echo "<table class=\"samplesrec\">"; while ($row = mysql_fetch_array($result)) { echo '<tr>'; echo '<td class="sitename1"><a href="http://www.'.$row["url"].'">'.$row["title"].'</a></td>'; echo '</tr>'; echo '<tr>'; echo '<td class="sitename2"><a href="http://www...com/sandbox/members/index.php?profile='.$row["username"].'">'.$row["username"].'</a><a href="http://www...com/sandbox/comments/index.php?submission='.$row["title"].'">'.$row["countComments"].'</a></td>'; echo '</tr>'; } echo "</table>";

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• sending email in php unable to use HTML tags

  - by JPro

  I am trying to send an email through the result sets generated in MySQL in PHP This is the code. <?php $txtMsg = '<table><th>Name</th>'; $txtMsg = ''; mysql_connect("localhost", "root", "pop") or die(mysql_error()); mysql_select_db("jpd") or die(mysql_error()); $oustanding = mysql_query("select Name from results") or die(mysql_error()); $num=mysql_num_rows($oustanding); while($row1 = mysql_fetch_array( $oustanding )) { ?> <tr> <td><h3><?php echo $row1['Name']; ?></h3></td> </tr> <?php $txtMsg .= "<tr><td>".$row1['Name']."</td></tr>"; } ini_set ( "SMTP", "xy.domain.com" ); $mail_to= '[email protected]'; $mail_from='[email protected]'; $mail_sub='OutStanding Results'; $mail_mesg=$txtMsg; //Check for success/failure of delivery if(mail($mail_to,$mail_sub,$mail_mesg,"From: $mail_from")) echo "<br><br>Email Successfully Sent!"; else echo "<br><br>Error Sending Email!"; } ?> The problem is , I want the results to be displayed in table format. But instead of processing the html tags, they are getting printed as well. How to get the email with table format? Thanks.

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• How to enforce foreign keys using Xerial SQLite JDBC?

  - by Space_C0wb0y

  According to their release notes, the Xerial SQLite JDBC driver supports foreign keys since version 3.6.20.1. I have tried some time now to get a foreign key constraint to be enforced, but to no avail. Here is what I came up with: public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException, SQLException { Class.forName("org.sqlite.JDBC"); SQLiteConfig config = new SQLiteConfig(); config.enforceForeignKeys(true); Connection connection = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:sqlite::memory:", config.toProperties()); connection.createStatement().executeUpdate( "CREATE TABLE artist(" + "artistid INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, " + "artistname TEXT);"); connection.createStatement().executeUpdate( "CREATE TABLE track("+ "trackid INTEGER," + "trackname TEXT," + "trackartist INTEGER," + "FOREIGN KEY(trackartist) REFERENCES artist(artistid)" + ");"); connection.createStatement().executeUpdate( "INSERT INTO track VALUES(14, 'Mr. Bojangles', 3)"); } The table definitions are taken directly from the sample in the SQLite documentation. This is supposed to fail, but it doesn't. I also checked, and it really inserts the tuple (no ignore or something like that). Does anyone have any experience with that, or knows how to make it work?

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• Pipelined function calling another pipelined function.

  - by René Nyffenegger

  Here's a package with two pipelined functions: create or replace type tq84_line as table of varchar2(25); / create or replace package tq84_pipelined as function more_rows return tq84_line pipelined; function go return tq84_line pipelined; end tq84_pipelined; / Ant the corresponding package body: create or replace package body tq84_pipelined as function more_rows return tq84_line pipelined is begin pipe row('ist'); pipe row('Eugen,'); return; end more_rows; function go return tq84_line pipelined is begin pipe row('Mein'); pipe row('Name'); /* start */ for next in ( select column_value line from table(more_rows) ) loop pipe row(next.line); end loop; /* end */ pipe row('ich'); pipe row('weiss'); pipe row('von'); pipe row('nichts.'); end go; end tq84_pipelined; / The important thing is that go sort of calls more_rows with the for next in ... between /* start */ and /* end */ I can use the package as follows: select * from table(tq84_pipelined.go); This is all fine and dandy, but I hoped I could replace the lines between /* start */ and /* end */ with a simple call of more_rows. However, this is obviously not possible, as it generetes a PLS-00221: 'MORE_ROWS' is not a procedure or is undefined. So, my question: is there really no way to shortcut the loop?

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• Convert a nested array into a flat array with PHP

  - by Ben Fransen

  Hello all, I'm trying to create a generic database mapping class with PHP. Collecting the data through my functions is going well, but as expected I'm retrieving a nested set. A print_r of my received array looks like: Array ( [table] => Session [columns] => Array ( [0] => `Session`.`ID` AS `Session_ID` [1] => `Session`.`User` AS `Session_User` [2] => `Session`.`SessionID` AS `Session_SessionID` [3] => `Session`.`ExpiresAt` AS `Session_ExpiresAt` [4] => `Session`.`CreatedAt` AS `Session_CreatedAt` [5] => `Session`.`LastActivity` AS `Session_LastActivity` [6] => `Session`.`ClientIP` AS `Session_ClientIP` ) [0] => Array ( [table] => User [columns] => Array ( [0] => `User`.`ID` AS `User_ID` [1] => `User`.`UserName` AS `User_UserName` [2] => `User`.`Password` AS `User_Password` [3] => `User`.`FullName` AS `User_FullName` [4] => `User`.`Address` AS `User_Address` ) [0] => Array ( [table] => Address [columns] => Array ( [0] => `Address`.`ID` AS `Address_ID` [1] => `Address`.`UserID` AS `Address_UserID` [2] => `Address`.`Street` AS `Address_Street` [3] => `Address`.`City` AS `Address_City` ) ) ) ) To simplify things I want to recreate this nested array to a flat array so I can easily loop through it and use the 'columns' key to create my SELECT query. I'm kinda struggling with this for a while now and figures, maybe some users at SO can help me out here. I've tried multiple things with recursion, all without luck so far... Any help is much appriciated! Thanks in advance, Ben Fransen

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• Email an image via custom url scheme

  - by Amaresh

  I am using custom url schemes. I can send string messages as parameters to my custom url and emailing this to any person. When any person opens this email attachment in device in it open my app installed in device with the passed parameters in my custom url. Similarly how to email an image via custom url and when any person opens this attachment the image is passed to my app in device. I tried to encode the image in base64 format and tried to append to my url,but not working. Any ideas?? Thanks in advance

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• which collection should I use

  - by Masna

  Hello, I have a number of custom objects of type X. X has a number of parameters and must be unique in the collection. (I created my own equals method based on the custom parameters to examine this) In each object of type x, I have a list of objects y. I want to add/remove/modify easily an object y. For example: To write the add method, it would be something like add(objTypeX, objTypeY) I would check or the collections already has a objTypeX. If so: i would add the objTypeY to the already existing objTypeX else: i would create objTypeX and add objTypeY to this object. To modify an objTypeY, it would be something like(objTypeX, objTypeY, newobjTypeY) I would get objTypeX out of the collections and modify objTypeY to newobjTypeY Which collections should I use? I tried with hashset but i can get a specific object out of the list, without run down the list till I find that object. I develop this in vb.net 3.5

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• Enter ID instead of name on submit (form)

  - by Derek

  In my activities table, I have a user ID and a project ID. When a user (of admin level) creates an activity they select from a drop down menu a project. Here is the select query to draw up appropriate values: $sql = "SELECT usersprojects_tb.projectid, projects.projectname FROM projects INNER JOIN usersprojects on projects.projectid = usersprojects.projectid WHERE usersprojects.userid = '".$_SESSION['SESS_USERID']."'"; And for the tag with the dropdown menu, I have this: <?php echo $row['projectname']?> I have tried submitting the form with 'projectid' here instead and the project ID is stored successfully in my activies table. However, the user needs to see the project names (IDs arent exactly user-friendly!) And with 'projectname' as displayed, they can select the names of the available projects (to associate an activity with) but the project ID is not stored, how I link this up, so that when the project name is sent, the ID for this project is stored properly in my activities table. I'm also having the exact same problem with the users drop down. As the admin user selects a user from the drop down to assign the task to. I exactly what I want, but I think I may be using the wrong syntax! Any help is much appreciated. Thanks.

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• Mass-mailing without getting your domain banned

  - by Arpit

  I plan on sending an email to 10k+ email addresses (mostly gmail and yahoo) to announce the launch of my startup's product. I'm planning on using PHPMailer or PHPList to send out the mails. I've never mass-mailed before and had a few basic questions. I've already browsed through some of the other mass-mail threads on this forum but the questions remain hence a new thread. Are newsletters which are sent by so many other organizations sent out in a similar manner - using programs such as PHPMailer or PHPList? When would a GMail or a Yahoo blacklist my domain name - are there any set parameters - 1000 emails in an hour would result in getting banned or some such parameters? If yes, then what sort of settings should I take note of when sending the emails - any format of the email or spread out the 10+ emails over 2 days etc.? If a Gmail or a Yahoo blacklists your domain name - is there any way to get out of the blacklist?

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• How to nest joins with CakePHP?

  - by Daren Thomas

  I'm trying to behave. So, instead of using following SQL syntax: select * from tableA INNER JOIN tableB on tableA.id = tableB.tableA_id LEFT OUTER JOIN ( tableC INNER JOIN tableD on tableC.tableD_id = tableD.id) on tableC.tableA_id = tableA.id I'd like to use the CakePHP model->find(). This will let me use the Paginator too, since that will not work with custom SQL queries as far as I understand (unless you hardcode one single pagination query to the model which seems a little inflexible to me). What I've tried so far: /* inside tableA_controller.php, inside an action, e.g. "view" */ $this->paginate['recursive'] = -1; # suppress model associations for now $this->paginate['joins'] = array( array( 'table' => 'tableB', 'alias' => 'TableB', 'type' => 'inner', 'conditions' => 'TableB.tableA_id = TableA.id', ), array( 'table' => 'tableC', 'alias' => 'TableC', 'type' => 'left', 'conditions' => 'TableC.tableA_id = TableA.id', 'joins' = array( # this would be the obvious way to do it, but doesn't work array( 'table' => 'tableD', 'alias' => 'TableD', 'type' => 'inner', 'conditions' => 'TableC.tableD_id = TableD.id' ) ) ) ) That is, nesting the joins into the structure. But that doesn't work (CakePHP just ignores the nested 'joins' element which was kind of what I expected, but sad. I have seen hints in comments on how to do subqueries (in the where clause) using a statement builder. Can a similar trick be used here?

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• Wondering about a way to conserve memory in C# using List<> with structs

  - by Michael Ryan

  I'm not even sure how I should phrase this question. I'm passing some CustomStruct objects as parameters to a class method, and storing them in a List. What I'm wondering is if it's possible and more efficient to add multiple references to a particular instance of a CustomStruct if a equivalent instance it found. This is a dummy/example struct: public struct CustomStruct { readonly int _x; readonly int _y; readonly int _w; readonly int _h; readonly Enum _e; } Using the below method, you can pass one, two, or three CustomStruct objects as parameters. In the final method (that takes three parameters), it may be the case that the 3rd and possibly the 2nd will have the same value as the first. List<CustomStruct> _list; public void AddBackground(CustomStruct normal) { AddBackground(normal, normal, normal); } public void AddBackground(CustomStruct normal, CustomStruct hover) { AddBackground(normal, hover, hover); } public void AddBackground(CustomStruct normal, CustomStruct hover, CustomStruct active) { _list = new List<CustomStruct>(3); _list.Add(normal); _list.Add(hover); _list.Add(active); } As the method stands now, I believe it will create new instances of CustomStruct objects, and then adds a reference of each to the List. It is my understanding that if I instead check for equality between normal and hover and (if equal) insert normal again in place of hover, when the method completes, hover will lose all references and eventually be garbage collected, whereas normal will have two references in the List. The same could be done for active. That would be better, right? The CustomStruct is a ValueType, and therefore one instance would remain on the Stack, and the three List references would just point to it. The overall List size is determined not by the object Type is contains, but by its Capacity. By eliminating the "duplicate" CustomStuct objects, you allow them to be cleaned up. When the CustomStruct objects are passed to these methods, new instances are created each time. When the structs are added to the List, is another copy made? For example, if i pass just one CustomStruct, AddBackground(normal) creates a copy of the original variable, and then passes it three times to Addbackground(normal, hover, active). In this method, three copies are made of the original copy. When the three local variables are added to the List using Add(), are additional copies created inside Add(), and does that defeat the purpose of any equality checks as previously mentioned? Am I missing anything here?

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