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  • Latex: Convert "Comment" into "Marginal Note"

    - by diegos
    Hi, using LyX I'm trying to convert the "comments" into "marginal notes". I tried several things but without luck. The best shot was like this: \makeatletter \@ifundefined{comment}{}{% \renewenvironment{comment}[1]% {\begingroup\marginpar{\bgroup#1\egroup}}% {\endgroup}} \makeatother or like this: \@ifundefined{comment}{}{% \renewenvironment{comment}% {\marginpar{}% {}}% But what I get is only the first character of the text converted. Like in this image: IMAGE MARGINAL NOTE I searched a lot trying to find how to solve this but without luck. I found the explanation of what is happening: Unexpected Output Only one character is in the new font You thought you changed font over a selection of text, but only the first character has come out in the new font. You have most probably used a command instead of a declaration. The command should take the text as its argument. If you don't group the text, only the first character will be passed as the argument. What I don't know and wasn't able to find is how to group the text. Hope someone could help me :-) Many thanks. Best Regards, Diego (diegostex)

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  • Replace textfields with dropdown select fields

    - by 47
    I have three model classes that look as below: class Model(models.Model): model = models.CharField(max_length=20, blank=False) manufacturer = models.ForeignKey(Manufacturer) date_added = models.DateField(default=datetime.today) def __unicode__(self): name = ''+str(self.manufacturer)+" "+str(self.model) return name class Series(models.Model): series = models.CharField(max_length=20, blank=True, null=True) model = models.ForeignKey(Model) date_added = models.DateField(default=datetime.today) def __unicode__(self): name = str(self.model)+" "+str(self.series) return name class Manufacturer(models.Model): MANUFACTURER_POPULARITY_CHOICES = ( ('1', 'Primary'), ('2', 'Secondary'), ('3', 'Tertiary'), ) manufacturer = models.CharField(max_length=15, blank=False) date_added = models.DateField(default=datetime.today) manufacturer_popularity = models.CharField(max_length=1, choices=MANUFACTURER_POPULARITY_CHOICES) def __unicode__(self): return self.manufacturer I want to have the fields for model series and manufacturer represented as dropdowns instead of text fields. I have customized the model forms as below: class SeriesForm(ModelForm): series = forms.ModelChoiceField(queryset=Series.objects.all()) class Meta: model = Series exclude = ('model', 'date_added',) class ModelForm(ModelForm): model = forms.ModelChoiceField(queryset=Model.objects.all()) class Meta: model = Model exclude = ('manufacturer', 'date_added',) class ManufacturerForm(ModelForm): manufacturer = forms.ModelChoiceField(queryset=Manufacturer.objects.all()) class Meta: model = Manufacturer exclude = ('date_added',) However, the dropdowns are populated with the unicode in the respective class...how can I further customize this to get the end result I want? Also, how can I populate the forms with the correct data for editing? Currently only SeriesForm is populated. The starting point of all this is from another class whose declaration is as below: class CommonVehicle(models.Model): year = models.ForeignKey(Year) series = models.ForeignKey(Series) .... def __unicode__(self): name = ''+str(self.year)+" "+str(self.series) return name

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  • ArrayAdapter and android:textFilterEnabled

    - by TiGer
    Hi there, I have created a layout which includes a ListView... The data shown within this ListView isn't too complicated, it's mostly an Array which is passed when the extended Activity is started... The rows themselves exist out of an icon and a text, thus an ImageView and a TextView... To fill up the ListView I use an ArrayAdapter simply because an Array is passed containing all the text-items that should be shown.. Now I'd like to actually be able to filter those, thus I found the android:textFilterEnabled paramater to add on the ListView xml declaration... Now a search field is shown nicely but when I enter some letters it won't filter but it will simply delete the whole list... I found out that that's because the textfilter has no idea what it should filter... So now my question is : I know I need to tell the textfilter what it should filter, I also still have my array filled with the text that should get filtered so how do i couple those two ??? I have seen examples extending a CursorAdapter, but again, I don't have a Cursor, I don't want to do calls to a DB I want to re-utilize my Array with data and obviously the ArrayAdapter itself so that the data will be represented decently on screen (i.e with my ImageView and TextView layout)... Thanks in advance for any help/pointers/tips/code...

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  • How can I make a Maybe-Transformer MaybeT into an instance of MonadWriter?

    - by martingw
    I am trying to build a MaybeT-Transformer Monad, based on the example in the Real World Haskell, Chapter Monad Transformers: data MaybeT m a = MaybeT { runMT :: m (Maybe a) } instance (Monad m) => Monad (MaybeT m) where m >>= f = MaybeT $ do a <- runMT m case a of Just x -> runMT (f x) Nothing -> return Nothing return a = MaybeT $ return (Just a) instance MonadTrans MaybeT where lift m = MaybeT $ do a <- m return (Just a) This works fine, but now I want to make MaybeT an instance of MonadWriter: instance (MonadWriter w m) => MonadWriter w (MaybeT m) where tell = lift . tell listen m = MaybeT $ do unwrapped <- listen (runMT m) return (Just unwrapped) The tell is ok, but I can't get the listen function right. The best I could come up with after 1 1/2 days of constructor origami is the one you see above: unwrapped is supposed to be a tuple of (Maybe a, w), and that I want to wrap up in a Maybe-Type and put the whole thing in an empty MonadWriter. But the compiler complains with: Occurs check: cannot construct the infinite type: a = Maybe a When generalising the type(s) for `listen' In the instance declaration for `MonadWriter w (MaybeT m)' What am I missing?

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  • typed-dataset initializer problem with C# windows app.

    - by Eyla
    Greetings, I'm working in windows application using C#. I have typed-dataset called packetsDBDataSet and it has table adapter called packetsTableAdapter with method to insert data called InsertPackets(). when I want to insert new data I used a code that I used before with asp.net page and it was working ok but not I'm getting error. here is the code: public packetsDBDataSetTableAdapters.packetsTableAdapter ds = new packetsDBDataSetTableAdapters.packetsTableAdapter(); public packetsDBDataSet.packetsDataTable insert = ds.InsertPackets(); and here is the error: Error 1 A field initializer cannot reference the non-static field, method, or property 'Packets.Form1.ds' C:\Users\Ali\Documents\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\Packets-3\Packets\Packets\Form1.cs 26 59 Packets I already included to my project: using Packets; using Packets.packetsDBDataSetTableAdapters; please advice to solve this problem. Update : I also tried : public packetsDBDataSetTableAdapters.packetsTableAdapter ds = new packetsDBDataSetTableAdapters.packetsTableAdapter(); ds.InsertPackets("1","2","3"); and I'm getting this error: Error 1 Invalid token '(' in class, struct, or interface member declaration C:\Users\Ali\Documents\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\Packets-3\Packets\Packets\Form1.cs 28 29 Packets

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  • how to associate the activemq-core.xsd url with the activemq.xsd found in the jar file?

    - by livia
    Hello, Somebody knows how to associate the activemq-core.xsd url with the activemq.xsd found in the jar file (activemq-core-5.2.0.jar)? I dig some solution in internet but didn't work. I'm getting this error: Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionStoreException: Line 19 in XML document from class path resource [jms-context.xml] is invalid; nested exception is org.xml.sax.SAXParseException: cvc-complex-type.2.4.c: The matching wildcard is strict, but no declaration can be found for element 'amq:broker'. at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.doLoadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:404) at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:342) at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:310) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:143) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:178) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:149) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:212) at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractGenericContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericContextLoader.java:81) at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractGenericContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericContextLoader.java:42) at org.springframework.test.context.TestContext.loadApplicationContext(TestContext.java:173) at org.springframework.test.context.TestContext.getApplicationContext(TestContext.java:197) This shoud me hapening because we remove the URL from the schemaLocation (http://activemq.apache.org/schema/core classpath:activemq.xsd), and we are using localy. But I don't know why XML are not finding the activemq.xsd during the build process. I add the JAR file in the classpath, should not work like that?? Thanks in advance for any help

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  • Vim + OmniCppComplete and completing members of class members

    - by Robert S. Barnes
    I've noticed that I can't seem to complete members of class members using OmniCppComplete. For example, given the following files: // foo.h #include <string> class foo { public: void set_str(const std::string &); std::string get_str_reverse( void ); private: std::string str; }; // foo.cpp #include "foo.h" using std::string; string foo::get_str_reverse ( void ) { string temp; temp.assign(str); reverse(temp.begin(), temp.end()); return temp; } /* ----- end of method foo::get_str ----- */ void foo::set_str ( const string &s ) { str.assign(s); } /* ----- end of method foo::set_str ----- */ I've set up tags for stdlibc++ and generated the tags for these two files using: ctags -R --c++-kinds=+pl --fields=+iaS --extra=+q . When I type temp. in the cpp I get a list of string member functions as expected. But if I type str. omnicomplete spits out "Pattern Not Found". I've noticed that the temp. completion only works if I have the using std::string; declaration. How do I get completion to work on my class members?

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  • How to use VC++ intrinsic functions w/o run-time library

    - by Adrian McCarthy
    I'm involved in one of those challenges where you try to produce the smallest possible binary, so I'm building my program without the C or C++ run-time libraries (RTL). I don't link to the DLL version or the static version. I don't even #include the header files. I have this working fine. For some code constructs, the compiler generates calls to memset(). For example: struct MyStruct { int foo; int bar; }; MyStruct blah = {}; // calls memset() Since I don't include the RTL, this results in a missing symbol at link time. I've been getting around this by avoiding those constructs. For the given example, I'll explicitly initialize the struct. MyStruct blah; blah.foo = 0; blah.bar = 0; But memset() can be useful, so I tried adding my own implementation. It works fine in Debug builds, even for those places where the compiler generates an implicit call to memset(). But in Release builds, I get an error saying that I cannot define an intrinsic function. You see, in Release builds, intrinsic functions are enabled, and memset() is an intrinsic. I would love to use the intrinsic for memset() in my release builds, since it's probably inlined and smaller and faster than my implementation. But I seem to be a in catch-22. If I don't define memset(), the linker complains that it's undefined. If I do define it, the compiler complains that I cannot define an intrinsic function. I've tried adding #pragma intrinsic(memset) with and without declarations of memset, but no luck. Does anyone know the right combination of definition, declaration, #pragma, and compiler and linker flags to get an intrinsic function without pulling in RTL overhead? Visual Studio 2008, x86, Windows XP+.

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  • How to wrtie a XML License Line(ended with a forward slash '/') in C#?

    - by Nano HE
    I want to write a XML file as below: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <books xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"> <License licenseId="" licensePath="" /> Some piece of my code attached here // Create a new file in D:\\ and set the encoding to UTF-8 XmlTextWriter textWriter = new XmlTextWriter("D:\\books.xml", System.Text.Encoding.UTF8); // Format automatically textWriter.Formatting = Formatting.Indented; // Opens the document textWriter.WriteStartDocument(); // Write the namespace declaration. textWriter.WriteStartElement("books", null); // Write the genre attribute. textWriter.WriteAttributeString("xmlns", "xsd", null, "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"); textWriter.WriteAttributeString("xmlns", "xsi", null, "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"); And now I need to write the License Line below in C# <License licenseId="" licensePath="" /> But I don't know how to move on for I found the Line ended with the forward slash / .Thank you.

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  • Looking for good PHP editor or IDE with 'IntelliSense'

    - by Andrew
    Hello, I'm looking for suitable PHP Editor or IDE with syntax auto-completion. I've tried trial versions of programs like Zend Studio, PHPDesigner, NetBeans PHP, NuSphere PhpED, and similar -- but none of them fully satisfied me. I quite liked hint window with detailed info about what function does and what it returns. Also I liked the way NetBeans auto-complete code (for example inserts all required parameters in function declaration as "dummy fields" and then you can jump between them using TAB in order to edit them). On the other hand, environment of NetBeans doesn't belong to the nicest. In this regard I prefer PHPDesigner with its sleek and light interface. At this moment I don't use any of the debugging options, since I don't know yet how to use profiller, breakpoints, watches and what not, so at this point my only concern is good autocompletion. For this purpose NetBean would be great choice, but with future in mind I am not sure debugging will be good in NetBeans, especially as I would prefer to use remote Linux server for this. So in short, I'm looking for editor that: Have similar code auto-completion (IntelliSense) like NetBeans Allow you to debug code using remote server (or sets up own debugging server like PHPDesigner does) without need to run Apache and similar on local computer Is preferably easy to use / intuitive interface Any ideas?

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  • Java method keyword "final" and its use

    - by Lukas Eder
    When I create complex type hierarchies (several levels, several types per level), I like to use the final keyword on methods implementing some interface declaration. An example: interface Garble { int zork(); } interface Gnarf extends Garble { /** * This is the same as calling {@link #zblah(0)} */ int zblah(); int zblah(int defaultZblah); } And then abstract class AbstractGarble implements Garble { @Override public final int zork() { ... } } abstract class AbstractGnarf extends AbstractGarble implements Gnarf { // Here I absolutely want to fix the default behaviour of zblah // No Gnarf shouldn't be allowed to set 1 as the default, for instance @Override public final int zblah() { return zblah(0); } // This method is not implemented here, but in a subclass @Override public abstract int zblah(int defaultZblah); } I do this for several reasons: It helps me develop the type hierarchy. When I add a class to the hierarchy, it is very clear, what methods I have to implement, and what methods I may not override (in case I forgot the details about the hierarchy) I think overriding concrete stuff is bad according to design principles and patterns, such as the template method pattern. I don't want other developers or my users do it. So the final keyword works perfectly for me. My question is: Why is it used so rarely in the wild? Can you show me some examples / reasons where final (in a similar case to mine) would be very bad?

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  • convincing C# compiler that execution will stop after a member returns

    - by Sarah Vessels
    I don't think this is currently possible or if it's even a good idea, but it's something I was thinking about just now. I use MSTest for unit testing my C# project. In one of my tests, I do the following: MyClass instance; try { instance = getValue(); } catch (MyException ex) { Assert.Fail("Caught MyException"); } instance.doStuff(); // Use of unassigned local variable 'instance' To make this code compile, I have to assign a value to instance either at its declaration or in the catch block. However, Assert.Fail will never, to the best of my knowledge, allow execution to proceed past it, hence instance will never be used without a value. Why is it then that I must assign a value to it? If I change the Assert.Fail to something like throw ex, the code compiles fine, I assume because it knows that exception will disallow execution to proceed to a point where instance would be used uninitialized. So is it a case of runtime versus compile-time knowledge about where execution will be allowed to proceed? Would it ever be reasonable for C# to have some way of saying that a member, in this case Assert.Fail, will never allow execution after it returns? Maybe that could be in the form of a method attribute. Would this be useful or an unnecessary complexity for the compiler?

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  • Strange constructor

    - by Bilthon
    Well, I'm gonna be pretty straightforward here, I just have a piece of code in c++ which I'm not sure I really understand and need some help with. Ok, to simplify lets just say I have a class that is defined like this: (the real class is a little bit more complicated, but this is what matters) class myClass : public Runnable { Semaphore *m_pMySemaphore; __Queue<Requests> *m_pQueue; Request m_Request; VetorSlotBuffer *m_vetorSlotBuffer; } Up to here nothing is wrong, myClass is just a regular class which has 3 members that actually are pointers to other classes and an object of the class Request, the implementation of those classes not being important for my point here. Then when this person implemented the constructor for myClass he or she did this: myClass::myClass() : m_pMySemaphore(0), m_pQueue(0), m_vetorSlotBuffer(0) { } It's pretty evident that those three variables are treated like that by the constructor because they are pointers, am I right? but what kind of syntax is that? am I setting the pointers to null by doing that? I've seen a little bit of c++ already but never found something like that. And secondly, what's the deal with the ":" after the constructor declaration? that I've seen but never took the time to investigate. Is this like an inner class or something? Thank you very much in advance. Nelson R. Perez

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  • Help understanding .NET delegates, events, and eventhandlers

    - by Seth Spearman
    Hello, In the last couple of days I asked a couple of questions about delegates HERE and HERE. I confess...I don't really understand delegates. And I REALLY REALLY REALLY want to understand and master them. (I can define them--type safe function pointers--but since I have little experience with C type languages it is not really helpful.) Can anyone recommend some online resource(s) that will explain delegates in a way that presumes nothing? This is one of those moments where I suspect that VB actually handicaps me because it does some wiring for me behind the scenes. The ideal resource would just explain what delegates are, without reference to anything else like (events and eventhandlers), would show me how all everything is wired up, explain (as I just learned) that delegates are types and what makes them unique as a type (perhaps using a little ildasm magic)). That foundation would then expand to explain how delegates are related to events and eventhandlers which would need a pretty good explanation in there own right. Finally this resource could tie it all together using real examples and explain what wiring DOES happen automatically by the compiler, how to use them, etc. And, oh yeah, when you should and should not use delegates, in other words, downsides and alternatives to using delegates. What say ye? Can any of you point me to resource(s) that can help me begin my journey to mastery? EDIT One last thing. The ideal resource will explain how you can and cannot use delegates in an interface declaration. That is something that really tripped me up. Thanks for your help. Seth

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  • Return an Oracle Associative Array from a function

    - by Paul Johnson
    Does anybody know if it is possible to return an associative array as the result of an Oracle function, if so do you have any examples? I have an Oracle package which contains an associative array declaration as defined below: TYPE EVENTPARAM IS TABLE OF NUMBER INDEX BY BINARY_INTEGER; This is then used in a stored procedure outside the package as follows: v_CompParams areva_interface.eventparam; The intention is to store an associative array of strings in the variable v_CompParams, returned from a Parse function in another package. The definition for which is as follows: PACKAGE STRING_MANIP IS TYPE a_array IS TABLE OF NUMBER INDEX BY BINARY_INTEGER; FUNCTION Parse (v_string VARCHAR2, v_delim VARCHAR2) RETURN a_array; FUNCTION RowCount(colln IN a_array) RETURN NUMBER; END; The code which implements this is: v_CompParams := STRING_MANIP.PARSE(v_CompID,v_Delim); Unfortunately it doesn't work, I get the error 'PLS-00382: expression is of wrong type'. I foolishly assumed, that since a_array derives from the same source Oracle type as the variable v_CompParams, that there would be no problem casting between them. Any help much appreciated. Kind Regards Paul J.

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  • django - variable declared in base project does not appear in app

    - by unsorted
    I have a variable called STATIC_URL, declared in settings.py in my base project: STATIC_URL = '/site_media/static/' This is used, for example, in my site_base.html, which links to CSS files as follows: <link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ STATIC_URL }}css/site_tabs.css" /> I have a bunch of templates related to different apps which extend site_base.html, and when I look at them in my browser the CSS is linked correctly as <link rel="stylesheet" href="/site_media/static/css/site_tabs.css" /> (These came with a default pinax distribution.) I created a new app called 'courses' which lives in the ...../apps/courses folder. I have a view for one of the pages in courses called courseinstance.html which extends site_base.html just like the other ones. However, when this one renders in my browser it comes out as <link rel="stylesheet" href="css/site_tabs.css" /> as if STATIC_URL were equal to "" for this app. Do I have to make some sort of declaration to get my app to take on the same variable values as the project? I don't have a settings.py file for the app. by the way, the app is listed in my list of INSTALLED_APPS and it gets served up fine, just without the link to the CSS file (so the page looks funny). Thanks in advance for your help.

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  • Viewing namespaced global variables in Visual Studio debugger?

    - by Chris
    When debugging a non-managed C++ project in Visual Studio 2008, I occasionally want to see the value of a global variable. We don't have a lot of these but those that are there all declared within a namespace called 'global'. e.g. namespace global { int foo; bool bar; ... } The problem is that when the code is stopped at a breakpoint, the default debugging tooltip (from pointing at the variable name) and quickwatch (shift-f9 on the variable name) don't take the namespace into consideration and hence won't work. So for example I can point at 'foo' and nothing comes up. If I shift-f9 on foo, it will bring up the quickwatch, which then says 'CXX0017: Error: symbol "foo" not found'. I can get around that by manually editing the variable name in the quickwatch window to prefix it with "global::" (which is cumbersome considering you have to do it each time you want to quickwatch), but there is no fix for the tooltip that I can work out. Setting the 'default namespace' of the project properties doesn't help. How can I tell the VS debugger to use the namespace that it already knows the variable is declared in (since it has the declaration right there), or, alternatively, tell it a default namespace to look for variables in if it doesn't find them? My google-fu has failed to find an answer. This report lists the same problem, with MS saying it's "by design", but even so I am hoping there is some way to work around it (perhaps with clever use of autoexp.dat?)

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  • Oracle why does creating trigger fail when there is a field called timestamp?

    - by Omar Kooheji
    I've just wasted the past two hours of my life trying to create a table with an auto incrementing primary key bases on this tutorial, The tutorial is great the issue I've been encountering is that the Create Target fails if I have a column which is a timestamp and a table that is called timestamp in the same table... Why doesn't oracle flag this as being an issue when I create the table? Here is the Sequence of commands I enter: Creating the Table: CREATE TABLE myTable (id NUMBER PRIMARY KEY, field1 TIMESTAMP(6), timeStamp NUMBER, ); Creating the Sequence: CREATE SEQUENCE test_sequence START WITH 1 INCREMENT BY 1; Creating the trigger: CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER test_trigger BEFORE INSERT ON myTable REFERENCING NEW AS NEW FOR EACH ROW BEGIN SELECT test_sequence.nextval INTO :NEW.ID FROM dual; END; / Here is the error message I get: ORA-06552: PL/SQL: Compilation unit analysis terminated ORA-06553: PLS-320: the declaration of the type of this expression is incomplete or malformed Any combination that does not have the two lines with a the word "timestamp" in them works fine. I would have thought the syntax would be enough to differentiate between the keyword and a column name. As I've said I don't understand why the table is created fine but oracle falls over when I try to create the trigger... CLARIFICATION I know that the issue is that there is a column called timestamp which may or may not be a keyword. MY issue is why it barfed when I tried to create a trigger and not when I created the table, I would have at least expected a warning. That said having used Oracle for a few hours, it seems a lot less verbose in it's error reporting, Maybe just because I'm using the express version though. If this is a bug in Oracle how would one who doesn't have a support contract go about reporting it? I'm just playing around with the express version because I have to migrate some code from MySQL to Oracle.

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  • Raising C# events with an extension method - is it bad?

    - by Kyralessa
    We're all familiar with the horror that is C# event declaration. To ensure thread-safety, the standard is to write something like this: public event EventHandler SomethingHappened; protected virtual void OnSomethingHappened(EventArgs e) { var handler = SomethingHappened; if (handler != null) handler(this, e); } Recently in some other question on this board (which I can't find now), someone pointed out that extension methods could be used nicely in this scenario. Here's one way to do it: static public class EventExtensions { static public void RaiseEvent(this EventHandler @event, object sender, EventArgs e) { var handler = @event; if (handler != null) handler(sender, e); } static public void RaiseEvent<T>(this EventHandler<T> @event, object sender, T e) where T : EventArgs { var handler = @event; if (handler != null) handler(sender, e); } } With these extension methods in place, all you need to declare and raise an event is something like this: public event EventHandler SomethingHappened; void SomeMethod() { this.SomethingHappened.RaiseEvent(this, EventArgs.Empty); } My question: Is this a good idea? Are we missing anything by not having the standard On method? (One thing I notice is that it doesn't work with events that have explicit add/remove code.)

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  • howto distinguish composition and self-typing use-cases

    - by ayvango
    Scala has two instruments for expressing object composition: original self-type concept and well known trivial composition. I'm curios what situations I should use which in. There are obvious differences in their applicability. Self-type requires you to use traits. Object composition allows you to change extensions on run-time with var declaration. Leaving technical details behind I can figure two indicators to help with classification of use cases. If some object used as combinator for a complex structure such as tree or just have several similar typed parts (1 car to 4 wheels relation) than it should use composition. There is extreme opposite use case. Lets assume one trait become too big to clearly observe it and it got split. It is quite natural that you should use self-types for this case. That rules are not absolute. You may do extra work to convert code between this techniques. e.g. you may replace 4 wheels composition with self-typing over Product4. You may use Cake[T <: MyType] {part : MyType} instead of Cake { this : MyType => } for cake pattern dependencies. But both cases seem counterintuitive and give you extra work. There are plenty of boundary use cases although. One-to-one relations is very hard to decide with. Is there any simple rule to decide what kind of technique is preferable? self-type makes you classes abstract, composition makes your code verbose. self-type gives your problems with blending namespaces and also gives you extra typing for free (you got not just a cocktail of two elements but gasoline-motor oil cocktail known as a petrol bomb). How can I choose between them? What hints are there? Update: Let us discuss the following example: Adapter pattern. What benefits it has with both selt-typing and composition approaches?

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  • Binding type variables that only occur in assertions

    - by Giuseppe Maggiore
    Hi! I find it extremely difficult to describe my problem, so here goes nothing: I have a bunch of assertions on the type of a function. These assertions rely on a type variable that is not used for any parameter of the function, but is only used for internal bindings. Whenever I use this function it does not compile because, of course, the compiler has no information from which to guess what type to bind my type variable. Here is the code: {-# LANGUAGE MultiParamTypeClasses, FunctionalDependencies, FlexibleInstances, UndecidableInstances, FlexibleContexts, EmptyDataDecls, ScopedTypeVariables, TypeOperators, TypeSynonymInstances #-} class C a a' where convert :: a -> a' class F a b where apply :: a -> b class S s a where select :: s -> a data CInt = CInt Int instance S (Int,String) Int where select (i,_) = i instance F Int CInt where apply = CInt f :: forall s a b . (S s a, F a b) => s -> b f s = let v = select s :: a y = apply v :: b in y x :: Int x = f (10,"Pippo") And here is the generated error: FunctorsProblems.hs:21:4: No instances for (F a Int, S (t, [Char]) a) arising from a use of `f' at FunctorsProblems.hs:21:4-17 Possible fix: add an instance declaration for (F a Int, S (t, [Char]) a) In the expression: f (10, "Pippo") In the definition of `x': x = f (10, "Pippo") Failed, modules loaded: none. Prelude>

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  • How to produce output using show function.

    - by wilson88
    I am trying to use sho to show the output of another function.The first function was used to do sorting, and returned a List. now I want to make a function that uses show() to display the output.This is how I had tried it only to get an error. Its to diplay the results of two the two sorted lists which used this function. map Auctioneer::compareBidList(map& one, map& two) and //**return Sorted.** void show(const char *msg, map<int, Bid*>& Sorted) { cout << msg << endl; show(Sorted); } void compare(map<int, Bid*>& sellers, map<int, Bid*>& buyers) { compare(sellers.begin(), sellers.end(), buyers.begin(),buyers.end(),compareBidList); } //my call in the main after declaration was as follows map<int, Bid*> buyers, sellers; Auctioneer auctioneer; auctioneer.compare(sellers,buyers); show(("Bids after sorting:", sellers,buyers);)

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  • Displaying emails in a JTable (Java Swing)

    - by Paul
    Hi I'm new to all this. I have been trying to display fetched emails in a JTable using the JavaMail add-on. However when I ask the program to set the value it never does. I have been working in NetBeans if that is any help? the fetchMail class finds all may on a server. The gui class is used to display all emails in a table as well as creating mail. You will probably think that I have tried it like a bull in a china shop, I am new to Java and trying to give myself a challenge. Any help/advice would be greatly appreciated fetchMail: package mail; import java.util.; import java.io.; import java.text.DateFormat; import java.text.SimpleDateFormat; import javax.mail.; import javax.mail.internet.; import javax.mail.search.; import javax.activation.; public class fetchMail { public void fetch(String username, String pass, String search){ MessagesTableModel tableModel = new MessagesTableModel(); String complete; DateFormat df = new SimpleDateFormat("dd/MM/yyyy"); gui gui = new gui(); // SUBSTITUTE YOUR ISP's POP3 SERVER HERE!!! String host = "imap.gmail.com"; // SUBSTITUTE YOUR USERNAME AND PASSWORD TO ACCESS E-MAIL HERE!!! String user = username; String password = pass; // SUBSTITUTE YOUR SUBJECT SUBSTRING TO SEARCH HERE!!! String subjectSubstringToSearch = search; // Get a session. Use a blank Properties object. Session session = Session.getInstance(new Properties()); Properties props = System.getProperties(); props.setProperty("mail.store.protocol", "imaps"); props.setProperty("mail.imap.socketFactory.class", "javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory"); props.setProperty("mail.imap.socketFactory.fallback", "false"); try { // Get a Store object Store store = session.getStore("imaps"); store.connect(host, user, password); // Get "INBOX" Folder fldr = store.getFolder("INBOX"); fldr.open(Folder.READ_WRITE); int count = fldr.getMessageCount(); System.out.println(count + " total messages"); // Message numebers start at 1 for(int i = 1; i <= count; i++) { // Get a message by its sequence number Message m = fldr.getMessage(i); // Get some headers Date date = m.getSentDate(); int pos = i - 1; String d = df.format(date); Address [] from = m.getFrom(); String subj = m.getSubject(); String mimeType = m.getContentType(); complete = date + "\t" + from[0] + "\t" + subj + "\t" + mimeType; //tableModel.setMessages(m); gui.setDate(d, pos); // System.out.println(d + " " + i); } // Search for e-mails by some subject substring String pattern = subjectSubstringToSearch; SubjectTerm st = new SubjectTerm(pattern); // Get some message references Message [] found = fldr.search(st); System.out.println(found.length + " messages matched Subject pattern \"" + pattern + "\""); for (int i = 0; i < found.length; i++) { Message m = found[i]; // Get some headers Date date = m.getSentDate(); Address [] from = m.getFrom(); String subj = m.getSubject(); String mimeType = m.getContentType(); //System.out.println(date + "\t" + from[0] + "\t" + // subj + "\t" + mimeType); Object o = m.getContent(); if (o instanceof String) { // System.out.println("**This is a String Message**"); // System.out.println((String)o); } else if (o instanceof Multipart) { // System.out.print("**This is a Multipart Message. "); Multipart mp = (Multipart)o; int count3 = mp.getCount(); // System.out.println("It has " + count3 + // " BodyParts in it**"); for (int j = 0; j < count3; j++) { // Part are numbered starting at 0 BodyPart b = mp.getBodyPart(j); String mimeType2 = b.getContentType(); // System.out.println( "BodyPart " + (j + 1) + // " is of MimeType " + mimeType); Object o2 = b.getContent(); if (o2 instanceof String) { // System.out.println("**This is a String BodyPart**"); // System.out.println((String)o2); } else if (o2 instanceof Multipart) { // System.out.print( // "**This BodyPart is a nested Multipart. "); Multipart mp2 = (Multipart)o2; int count2 = mp2.getCount(); // System.out.println("It has " + count2 + // "further BodyParts in it**"); } else if (o2 instanceof InputStream) { // System.out.println( // "**This is an InputStream BodyPart**"); } } //End of for } else if (o instanceof InputStream) { // System.out.println("**This is an InputStream message**"); InputStream is = (InputStream)o; // Assumes character content (not binary images) int c; while ((c = is.read()) != -1) { // System.out.write(c); } } // Uncomment to set "delete" flag on the message //m.setFlag(Flags.Flag.DELETED,true); } //End of for // "true" actually deletes flagged messages from folder fldr.close(true); store.close(); } catch (MessagingException mex) { // Prints all nested (chained) exceptions as well mex.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException ioex) { ioex.printStackTrace(); } } } gui: /* * gui.java * * Created on 13-May-2010, 18:29:30 */ package mail; import java.text.DateFormat; import java.text.FieldPosition; import java.text.ParsePosition; import java.text.SimpleDateFormat; import java.util.Date; import java.util.Vector; import javax.mail.Address; import javax.swing.JScrollPane; import javax.swing.JTable; import javax.swing.ListSelectionModel; import javax.swing.event.ListSelectionEvent; import javax.swing.event.ListSelectionListener; import javax.swing.event.TableModelListener; import javax.swing.table.DefaultTableModel; import javax.swing.table.TableModel; public class gui extends javax.swing.JFrame { private MessagesTableModel tableModel; // Table listing messages. private JTable table; String date; /** Creates new form gui */ public gui() { initComponents(); } @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") private void initComponents() { recieve = new javax.swing.JButton(); jButton1 = new javax.swing.JButton(); jScrollPane1 = new javax.swing.JScrollPane(); inboxTable = new javax.swing.JTable(); setDefaultCloseOperation(javax.swing.WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); recieve.setText("Receve"); recieve.addActionListener(new java.awt.event.ActionListener() { public void actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) { recieveActionPerformed(evt); } }); jButton1.setText("new"); jButton1.addActionListener(new java.awt.event.ActionListener() { public void actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) { jButton1ActionPerformed(evt); } }); inboxTable.setModel(new javax.swing.table.DefaultTableModel( new Object [][] { {null, null, null}, {null, null, null}, {null, null, null}, {null, null, null} }, new String [] { "Date", "subject", "sender" } ) { Class[] types = new Class [] { java.lang.String.class, java.lang.String.class, java.lang.String.class }; public Class getColumnClass(int columnIndex) { return types [columnIndex]; } }); jScrollPane1.setViewportView(inboxTable); inboxTable.getColumnModel().getColumn(0).setResizable(false); inboxTable.getColumnModel().getColumn(1).setResizable(false); inboxTable.getColumnModel().getColumn(2).setResizable(false); javax.swing.GroupLayout layout = new javax.swing.GroupLayout(getContentPane()); getContentPane().setLayout(layout); layout.setHorizontalGroup( layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING) .addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup() .addGap(39, 39, 39) .addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING) .addComponent(jScrollPane1, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, 558, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE) .addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup() .addComponent(recieve) .addGap(18, 18, 18) .addComponent(jButton1, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, 75, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE))) .addGap(73, 73, 73)) ); layout.setVerticalGroup( layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING) .addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup() .addGap(31, 31, 31) .addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.BASELINE) .addComponent(recieve) .addComponent(jButton1)) .addGap(18, 18, 18) .addComponent(jScrollPane1, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, 258, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE) .addContainerGap(179, Short.MAX_VALUE)) ); pack(); }// </editor-fold> private void recieveActionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) { fetchMail fetch = new fetchMail(); fetch.fetch(email goes here, password goes here, search goes here); } private void jButton1ActionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) { createMail create = new createMail(); centerW center = new centerW(); //create.attVis(); center.center(create); create.setVisible(true); } public void setDate(String Date, int pos){ //pos = pos + 1; String [] s = new String [5]; s[pos] = Date; inboxTable.setValueAt(Date, pos, 0); } public String getDate(){ return date; } /** * @param args the command line arguments */ public static void main(String args[]) { java.awt.EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() { public void run() { new gui().setVisible(true); } }); } // Variables declaration - do not modify private javax.swing.JTable inboxTable; private javax.swing.JButton jButton1; private javax.swing.JScrollPane jScrollPane1; private javax.swing.JButton recieve; // End of variables declaration }

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  • Python - wxPython custom button -> unbound method __init__()? what?

    - by Wallter
    After looking at questions like this it doesn't make sense that my __init__(self, parrent, id) would be throwing a unbound error? help? main.py import wx from customButton import customButton from wxPython.wx import * class MyFrame(wx.Frame): def __init__(self, parent, ID, title): wxFrame.__init__(self, parent, ID, title, wxDefaultPosition, wxSize(400, 400)) # Non-important code here... # This is the first declaration of the Button1 # This is also where the ERROR is thrown. # Omitting this line causes the window to execute # flawlessly. self.Button1 = customButton.__init__(self, parent, -1) # ... finishes in a basic wx.program style... customButton.py # I've included all of the code in the file # because have no idea where the bug/error happens import wx from wxPython.wx import * class Custom_Button(wx.PyControl): # The BMP's Over_bmp = None #wxEmptyBitmap(1,1,1) # When the mouse is over Norm_bmp = None #wxEmptyBitmap(1,1,1) # The normal BMP Push_bmp = None #wxEmptyBitmap(1,1,1) # The down BMP def __init__(self, parent, id, **kwargs): wx.PyControl.__init__(self,parent, id, **kwargs) # Set the BMP's to the ones given in the constructor #self.Over_bmp = wx.Bitmap(wx.Image(MOUSE_OVER_BMP, wx.BITMAP_TYPE_ANY).ConvertToBitmap()) #self.Norm_bmp = wx.Bitmap(wx.Image(NORM_BMP, wx.BITMAP_TYPE_ANY).ConvertToBitmap()) #self.Push_bmp = wx.Bitmap(wx.Image(PUSH_BMP, wx.BITMAP_TYPE_ANY).ConvertToBitmap()) #self.Pos_bmp = self.pos self.Bind(wx.EVT_LEFT_DOWN, self._onMouseDown) self.Bind(wx.EVT_LEFT_UP, self._onMouseUp) self.Bind(wx.EVT_LEAVE_WINDOW, self._onMouseLeave) self.Bind(wx.EVT_ENTER_WINDOW, self._onMouseEnter) self.Bind(wx.EVT_ERASE_BACKGROUND,self._onEraseBackground) self.Bind(wx.EVT_PAINT,self._onPaint) self._mouseIn = self._mouseDown = False def _onMouseEnter(self, event): self._mouseIn = True def _onMouseLeave(self, event): self._mouseIn = False def _onMouseDown(self, event): self._mouseDown = True def _onMouseUp(self, event): self._mouseDown = False self.sendButtonEvent() def sendButtonEvent(self): event = wx.CommandEvent(wx.wxEVT_COMMAND_BUTTON_CLICKED, self.GetId()) event.SetInt(0) event.SetEventObject(self) self.GetEventHandler().ProcessEvent(event) def _onEraseBackground(self,event): # reduce flicker pass def _onPaint(self, event): dc = wx.BufferedPaintDC(self) dc.SetFont(self.GetFont()) dc.SetBackground(wx.Brush(self.GetBackgroundColour())) dc.Clear() dc.DrawBitmap(self.Norm_bmp) # draw whatever you want to draw # draw glossy bitmaps e.g. dc.DrawBitmap if self._mouseIn: # If the Mouse is over the button dc.DrawBitmap(self, self.Mouse_over_bmp, self.Pos_bmp, useMask=False) if self._mouseDown: # If the Mouse clicks the button dc.DrawBitmap(self, self.Push_bmp, self.Pos_bmp, useMask=False)

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  • How do determine what is *really* causing your compiler error

    - by ML
    Hi All, I am porting a very large code base and I am having more difficulty with old code. For example, this causes a compiler error: inline CP_M_ReferenceCounted * FrAssignRef(CP_M_ReferenceCounted * & to, CP_M_ReferenceCounted * from) { if (from) from->AddReference(); if (to) to->RemoveReference(); to = from; return to; } The error is: error: expected initializer before '*' token. How do I know what this is. I looked up inline member functions to be sure I understood and I dont think the inlining is the cause but I am not sure what is. Another example: template <class eachClass> eachClass FrReferenceIfClass(FxRC * ptr) { eachClass getObject = dynamic_cast<eachClass>(ptr); if (getObject) getObject->AddReference(); return getObject; } The error is: error: template declaration of 'eachClass FrReferenceIfClass' That is all. How do I decide what this is?. I am admittedly rusty with templates.

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