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  • Pointer to local variable

    - by Radek Šimko
    May I have any acces to local variable in different function? If may, how? void replaceNumberAndPrint(int array[3]) { printf("%i\n", array[1]); printf("%i\n", array[1]); } int * getArray() { int myArray[3] = {4, 65, 23}; return myArray; } int main() { replaceNumberAndPrint(getArray()); } The output of the piece of code above: 65 4202656 What am i doing wrong? What the "4202656" means?? Do I have to copy the whole array in the replaceNumberAndPrint() function to be able to access to it more than first times?

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  • c++ File input/output

    - by Myx
    Hi: I am trying to read from a file using fgets and sscanf. In my file, I have characters on each line of the while which I wish to put into a vector. So far, I have the following: FILE *fp; fp = fopen(filename, "r"); if(!fp) { fprintf(stderr, "Unable to open file %s\n", filename); return 0; } // Read file int line_count = 0; char buffer[1024]; while(fgets(buffer, 1023, fp)) { // Increment line counter line_count++; char *bufferp = buffer; ... while(*bufferp != '\n') { char *tmp; if(sscanf(bufferp, "%c", tmp) != 1) { fprintf(stderr, "Syntax error reading axiom on " "line %d in file %s\n", line_count, filename); return 0; } axiom.push_back(tmp); printf("put %s in axiom vector\n", axiom[axiom.size()-1]); // increment buffer pointer bufferp++; } } my axiom vector is defined as vector<char *> axiom;. When I run my program, I get a seg fault. It happens when I do the sscanf. Any suggestions on what I'm doing wrong?

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  • How to attach boost::shared_ptr (or another smart pointer) to reference counter of object's parent?

    - by Checkers
    I remember encountering this concept before, but can't find it in Google now. If I have an object of type A, which directly embeds an object of type B: class A { B b; }; How can I have a smart pointer to B, e. g. boost::shared_ptr<B>, but use reference count of A? Assume an instance of A itself is heap-allocated I can safely get its shared count using, say, enable_shared_from_this.

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  • Exposing boost::scoped_ptr in boost::python

    - by Rupert Jones
    Hello, I am getting a compile error, saying that the copy constructor of the scoped_ptr is private with the following code snippet: class a {}; struct s { boost::scoped_ptr<a> p; }; BOOST_PYTHON_MODULE( module ) { class_<s>( "s" ); } This example works with a shared_ptr though. It would be nice, if anyone knows the answer. Thanks

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  • When should an array name be treated as a pointer and when does it just represent the array itself? [duplicate]

    - by user1087373
    This question already has an answer here: When is an array name or a function name 'converted' into a pointer ? (in C) 4 answers I just made a test program after reading the book and the result turned out confusing: #include <stdio.h> int main(void) { char text[] = "hello!"; printf("sizeof(text):%d sizeof(text+2):%d sizeof(text[0]):%d \n",(int)sizeof(text), sizeof(text+2), sizeof(text[0])); printf("text:%p sizeof(text):%d &text:%p sizeof(&text):%d \n",text, sizeof(text), &text, sizeof(&text)); printf("text+1:%p &text+1:%p \n", text+1, &text+1); return 0; } The result: sizeof(text):7 sizeof(text+2):4 sizeof(text[0]):1 text:0xbfc8769d sizeof(text):7 &text:0xbfc8769d sizeof(&text):4 text+1:0xbfc8769e &text+1:0xbfc876a4 What makes me feel confused are: why the value of 'sizeof(text)' is 7 whereas 'sizeof(text+2)' is 4 what's the difference between 'text' and '&text'?

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  • C++ Pointer member function with templates assignment with a member function of another class

    - by Agusti
    Hi, I have this class: class IShaderParam{ public: std::string name_value; }; template<class TParam> class TShaderParam:public IShaderParam{ public: void (TShaderParam::*send_to_shader)( const TParam&,const std::string&); TShaderParam():send_to_shader(NULL){} TParam value; void up_to_shader(); }; typedef TShaderParam<float> FloatShaderParam; typedef TShaderParam<D3DXVECTOR3> Vec3ShaderParam; In another class, I have a vector of IShaderParams* and functions that i want to send to "send_to_shader". I'm trying assign the reference of these functions like this: Vec3ShaderParam *_param = new Vec3ShaderParam; _param-send_to_shader = &TShader::setVector3; This is the function: void TShader::setVector3(const D3DXVECTOR3 &vec, const std::string &name){ //... } And this is the class with IshaderParams*: class TShader{ std::vector params; public: Shader effect; std::string technique_name; TShader(std::string& afilename):effect(NULL){}; ~TShader(); void setVector3(const D3DXVECTOR3 &vec, const std::string &name); When I compile the project with Visual Studio C++ Express 2008 I recieve this error: Error 2 error C2440: '=' :can't make the conversion 'void (__thiscall TShader::* )(const D3DXVECTOR3 &,const std::string &)' a 'void (__thiscall TShaderParam::* )(const TParam &,const std::string &)' c:\users\isagoras\documents\mcv\afoc\shader.cpp 127 Can I do the assignment? No? I don't know how :-S Yes, I know that I can achieve the same objective with other techniques, but I want to know how can I do this..

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  • Callback function and function pointer trouble in C++ for a BST

    - by Brendon C.
    I have to create a binary search tree which is templated and can deal with any data types, including abstract data types like objects. Since it is unknown what types of data an object might have and which data is going to be compared, the client side must create a comparison function and also a print function (because also not sure which data has to be printed). I have edited some C code which I was directed to and tried to template, but I cannot figure out how to configure the client display function. I suspect variable 'tree_node' of class BinarySearchTree has to be passed in, but I am not sure how to do this. For this program I'm creating an integer binary search tree and reading data from a file. Any help on the code or the problem would be greatly appreciated :) Main.cpp #include "BinarySearchTreeTemplated.h" #include <iostream> #include <fstream> #include <string> using namespace std; /*Comparison function*/ int cmp_fn(void *data1, void *data2) { if (*((int*)data1) > *((int*)data2)) return 1; else if (*((int*)data1) < *((int*)data2)) return -1; else return 0; } static void displayNode() //<--------NEED HELP HERE { if (node) cout << " " << *((int)node->data) } int main() { ifstream infile("rinput.txt"); BinarySearchTree<int> tree; while (true) { int tmp1; infile >> tmp1; if (infile.eof()) break; tree.insertRoot(tmp1); } return 0; } BinarySearchTree.h (a bit too big to format here) http://pastebin.com/4kSVrPhm

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  • Write pointer to file in C

    - by Sergey
    I have a stucture: typedef structure student { char *name; char *surname; int age; } Student; I need to write it to binary file. Student *s = malloc(sizeof(*s)); I fill my structure with data and then i write in to the file: fwrite(s, sizeof(*s), 1, fp); In my file doesnt exist a name and surname, it have an adresses of char*. How can i write to file a word, not an adresses?

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  • Pointer arithmetic.

    - by Knowing me knowing you
    Having code: int** a = new int*[2]; a[0] = new int(1); a[1] = new int(2); cout << "a[0] " << a[0] << '\n'; cout << "a[1] " << a[1] << '\n'; cout << "a[2] " << a[2] << '\n'; cout << "a[0] + 1 " << a[0] + 1 << '\n';//WHY THIS ISN'T == a[1] ? cout << "*(a + 1): " << *(a + 1) << '\n'; //WHY THIS IS == a[1] ? cout << "a[0] - a[1] " << static_cast<int>(a[0] - a[1])<< '\n';//WHY THIS IS == 16 not 4? cout << sizeof(int**); Questions are included right next to relevant lines in code.

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  • Normal pointer vs Auto pointer (std::auto_ptr)

    - by AKN
    Code snippet (normal pointer) int *pi = new int; int i = 90; pi = &i; int k = *pi + 10; cout<<k<<endl; delete pi; [Output: 100] Code snippet (auto pointer) Case 1: std::auto_ptr<int> pi(new int); int i = 90; pi = &i; int k = *pi + 10; //Throws unhandled exception error at this point while debugging. cout<<k<<endl; //delete pi; (It deletes by itself when goes out of scope. So explicit 'delete' call not required) Case 2: std::auto_ptr<int> pi(new int); int i = 90; *pi = 90; int k = *pi + 10; cout<<k<<endl; [Output: 100] Can someone please tell why it failed to work for case 1?

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  • What is the merit of the "function" type (not "pointer to function")

    - by anatolyg
    Reading the C++ Standard, i see that there are "function" types and "pointer to function" types: typedef int func(int); // function typedef int (*pfunc)(int); // pointer to function typedef func* pfunc; // same as above I have never seen the function types used outside of examples (or maybe i didn't recognize their usage?). Some examples: func increase, decrease; // declares two functions int increase(int), decrease(int); // same as above int increase(int x) {return x + 1;} // cannot use the typedef when defining functions int decrease(int x) {return x - 1;} // cannot use the typedef when defining functions struct mystruct { func add, subtract, multiply; // declares three member functions int member; }; int mystruct::add(int x) {return x + member;} // cannot use the typedef int mystruct::subtract(int x) {return x - member;} int main() { func k; // the syntax is correct but the variable k is useless! mystruct myobject; myobject.member = 4; cout << increase(5) << ' ' << decrease(5) << '\n'; // outputs 6 and 4 cout << myobject.add(5) << ' ' << myobject.subtract(5) << '\n'; // 9 and 1 } Seeing that the function types support syntax that doesn't appear in C (declaring member functions), i guess they are not just a part of C baggage that C++ has to support for backward compatibility. So is there any use for function types, other than demonstrating some funky syntax?

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  • C Programming: malloc() inside another function

    - by vikramtheone
    Hi Guys, I need help with malloc() inside another function. I'm passing a pointer and size to the function from my main() and I would like to allocate memory for that pointer dynamically using malloc() from inside that called function, but what I see is that.... the memory which is getting allocated is for the pointer declared withing my called function and not for the pointer which is inside the main(). How should I pass a pointer to a function and allocate memory for the passed pointer from inside the called function? Can anyone throw light on this? Help!!! Vikram I have written the following code and I get the output as shown below SOURCE: main() { unsigned char *input_image; unsigned int bmp_image_size = 262144; if(alloc_pixels(input_image, bmp_image_size)==NULL) printf("\nPoint2: Memory allocated: %d bytes",_msize(input_image)); else printf("\nPoint3: Memory not allocated"); } signed char alloc_pixels(unsigned char *ptr, unsigned int size) { signed char status = NO_ERROR; ptr = NULL; ptr = (unsigned char*)malloc(size); if(ptr== NULL) { status = ERROR; free(ptr); printf("\nERROR: Memory allocation did not complete successfully!"); } printf("\nPoint1: Memory allocated: %d bytes",_msize(ptr)); return status; } PROGRAM OUTPUT: Point1: Memory allocated ptr: 262144 bytes Point2: Memory allocated input_image: 0 bytes

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  • Storing Object Types in Variable then Initializing

    - by Jon Mattingly
    Is there a way in Objective-C to store an object/class in a variable to be passed to alloc/init somewhere else? For example: UIViewController = foo foo *bar = [[foo alloc] init] I'm trying to create a system to dynamically create navigation buttons in a separate class based on the current view controller. I can pass 'self' to the method, but the variable that results does not allow me to alloc/init. I could always import the .h file directly, but ideally I would like to make reusing the code as simple as possible. Maybe I'm going about this the wrong way?

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  • How to determine the end of an integer array when manipulating with integer pointer?

    - by AKN
    Here is the code: int myInt[] ={ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 }; int *myIntPtr = &myInt[0]; while( *myIntPtr != NULL ) { cout<<*myIntPtr<<endl; myIntPtr++; } Output: 12345....<junks>.......... For Character array: (Since we have a NULL character at the end, no problem while iterating) char myChar[] ={ 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', '\0' }; char *myCharPtr = &myChar[0]; while( *myCharPtr != NULL ) { cout<<*myCharPtr<<endl; myCharPtr++; } Output: ABCDE My question is since we say to add NULL character as end of the strings, we rule out such issues! If in case, it is rule to add 0 to the end of integer array, we could have avoided this problem. What say?

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  • Another dynamic memory allocation bug.

    - by m4design
    I'm trying to allocate memory for a multidimensional array (8 rows, 3 columns). Here's the code for the allocation (I'm sure the error is clear for you) char **ptr = (char **) malloc( sizeof(char) * 8); for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) ptr[i] = (char *) malloc( sizeof(char) * 3); The crash happens when I reference this: ptr[3][0]; Unhandled exception at 0x0135144d in xxxx.exe: 0xC0000005: Access violation writing location 0xabababab. Are there any recommended references/readings for this kind of subject? Thanks.

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  • How to store a function in a member of class? (Using function as callback)

    - by Dane
    I want to store a function as a class member and call it inside the class? Pretty much like a callback function. My class draw a document but every document must drawn differently. So I want to assign a function (written outside of the class) into one of the members of the class and then call it when I want to draw the document. This function mostly is responsible for transforming objects according to each specific document. Here is my class: class CDocument { public: CDocument(); ~CDocument(); void *TransFunc(); } void Transform() { } int main() CDocument* Doc = new CDocument(); Doc->TransFunc = Transform(); } I know that this is probably simple question, but I couldn't find the answer by googling or searching SO.

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  • C Pointer Question: &(*struct->struct)

    - by NTek
    I have a struct defined with the structure as follows (names are different) struct str1 { int field1; struct str2; } And I have a *str1 in a function. I'd like to get a pointer to str2. So I tried &(str1->str2) and was hoping this would return a pointer to str2. Is this incorrect? It doesn't seem to be working. How would I get a pointer to str2 if given a pointer to str1?

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  • Dynamic allocated array is not freed

    - by Stefano
    I'm using the code above to dynamically allocate an array, do some work inside the function, return an element of the array and free the memory outside of the function. But when I try to deallocate the array it doesn't free the memory and I have a memory leak. The debugger pointed to the myArray variable shows me the error CXX0030. Why? struct MYSTRUCT { char *myvariable1; int myvariable2; char *myvariable2; .... }; void MyClass::MyFunction1() { MYSTRUCT *myArray= NULL; MYSTRUCT *myElement = this->MyFunction2(myArray); ... delete [] myArray; } MYSTRUCT* MyClass::MyFunction2(MYSTRUCT *array) { array = (MYSTRUCT*)operator new(bytesLength); ... return array[X]; }

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  • Pointing class property to another class with vectors

    - by jmclem
    I've got a simple class, and another class that has a property that points to the first class: #include <iostream> #include <vector> using namespace std; class first{ public: int var1; }; class second{ public: first* classvar; }; Then, i've got a void that's supposed to point "classvar" to the intended iteration of the class "first". void fill(vector<second>& sec, vector<first>& fir){ sec[0].classvar = &fir[0]; } Finally the main(). Create and fill a vector of class "first", create "second" vector, and run the fill function. int main(){ vector<first> a(1); a[0].var1 = 1000; vector<second> b(1); fill(b, a); cout << b[0].classvar.var1 << '\n'; system("PAUSE"); return 0; } This gives me the following error: 1>c:\...\main.cpp(29) : error C2228: left of '.var1' must have class/struct/union 1> type is 'first *' And I can't figure out why it reads the "classvar" as the whole vector instead of just the single instance. Should I do this cout << b[0].classvar[0].var1 << '\n'; it reads perfectly. Can anyone figure out the problem? Thanks in advance

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  • How to read some bytes from BYTE*

    - by chekalin-v
    I have BYTE pointer. For example the length of this BYTE array is 10. How can I read 4 bytes from 3 position BYTE array? Now I doing it so BYTE *source = "1234567890\0"; BYTE* tmp = new BYTE[4+1](); for(int i=0; i<4; i++) { tmp[i] = source[i+3]; }

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  • Whats the problem with int *p=23;

    - by piemesons
    Yesterday in my interview I was asked this question. (At that time I was highly pressurized by so many abrupt questions). int *p; *p=23; printf('%d',*p); Is there any problem with this code? I explained him that you are trying to assign value to a pointer to whom memory is not allocated. But the way he reacted, it was like I am wrong. Although I got the job but after that he said Mohit think about this question again. I don't know what he was trying to say. Please let me know is there any problem in my answer?

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  • What does it mean to pass a &variable to a function? E.g., string& insert ( size_t pos1, const strin

    - by Bob Montgomery
    I understand passing a pointer, and returning a pointer: char * strcat ( char * destination, const char * source ); You're passing a variable that contains the address to a char; returning the same. But what does it mean to pass something using the reference operator? Or to return it? string& insert ( size_t pos1, const string& str ); I mean, I understand what actually happens, I just don't understand the notation. Why isn't the notation this instead: string * insert ( size_t pos1, const string * str ); //made up I presume it has something to do with passing/returning the instance of a class, but what? Is this syntax valid; if not why not and if so what does it mean? char & strcat ( char & destination, const char & source ); //made up (all of the function declarations, except the last made-up two, are from http://www.cplusplus.com )

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  • C++: Reference and Pointer question (example regarding OpenGL)

    - by Jay
    I would like to load textures, and then have them be used by multiple objects. Would this work? class Sprite { GLuint* mTextures; // do I need this to also be a reference? Sprite( GLuint* textures ) // do I need this to also be a reference? { mTextures = textures; } void Draw( textureNumber ) { glBindTexture( GL_TEXTURE_2D, mTextures[ textureNumber ] ); // drawing code } }; // normally these variables would be inputed, but I did this for simplicity. const int NUMBER_OF_TEXTURES = 40; const int WHICH_TEXTURE = 10; void main() { std::vector<GLuint> the_textures; the_textures.resize( NUMBER_OF_TEXTURES ); glGenTextures( NUMBER_OF_TEXTURES, &the_textures[0] ); // texture loading code Sprite the_sprite( &the_textures[0] ); the_sprite.Draw( WHICH_TEXTURE ); } And is there a different way I should do this, even if it would work? Thanks.

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