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  • defining < operator for map of list iterators

    - by Adrian
    I'd like to use iterators from an STL list as keys in a map. For example: using namespace std; list<int> l; map<list<int>::const_iterator, int> t; int main(int argv, char * argc) { l.push_back(1); t[l.begin()] = 5; } However, list iterators do not have a comparison operator defined (in contrast to random access iterators), so compiling the above code results in an error: /usr/include/c++/4.2.1/bits/stl_function.h:227: error: no match for ‘operator<’ in ‘__x < __y’ If the list is changed to a vector, a map of vector const_iterators compiles fine. What is the appropriate way to define the operator < for list::const_iterator?

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  • std::deque: How do I get an iterator pointing to the element at a specified index?

    - by Ptah- Opener of the Mouth
    I have a std::deque, and I want to insert an element at a specified index (I'm aware that std::list would be better at this). The deque::insert() function takes an iterator to specify the location to insert. Given an index, how can I get an iterator pointing to that location, so that I can pass that iterator to insert()? For example: void insertThing ( deque<Thing> & things, Thing thing, size_t index ) { deque<Thing>::iterator it = /* what do I do here? */ things.insert ( it, thing ); } I'm sure this is a very basic question, and I apologize for it. It's been a long time since I've used the STL, and I don't see anything in std::deque's member list that obviously does what I want. Thanks.

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  • Initialization of std::vector<unsigned int> with a list of consecutive unsigned integers

    - by Thomas
    I want to use a special method to initialize a std::vector<unsigned int> which is described in a C++ book I use as a reference (the German book 'Der C++ Programmer' by Ulrich Breymann, in case that matters). In that book is a section on sequence types of the STL, referring in particular to list, vector and deque. In this section he writes that there are two special constructors of such sequence types, namely, if Xrefers to such a type, X(n, t) // creates a sequence with n copies of t X(i, j) // creates a sequence from the elements of the interval [i, j) I want to use the second one for an interval of unsigned int, that is std::vector<unsigned int> l(1U, 10U); to get a list initialized with {1,2,...,9}. What I get, however, is a vector with one unsigned int with value 10 :-| Does the second variant exist, and if yes, how do I force that it is called?

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  • Is there a standard Cyclic Iterator in C++

    - by Hippicoder
    Based on the following question: Check if one string is a rotation of other string I was thinking of making a cyclic iterator type that takes a range, and would be able to solve the above problem like so: std::string s1 = "abc" ; std::string s2 = "bca" ; std::size_t n = 2; // number of cycles cyclic_iterator it(s2.begin(),s2.end(),n); cyclic_iterator end; if (std::search(it, end, s1.begin(),s1.end()) != end) { std::cout << "s1 is a rotation of s2" << std::endl; } My question, Is there already something like this available? I've check Boost and STL doesn't have one. I've got a simple hand-written one but would rather use an already made/tested implementation.

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  • Sort CMap Key by String Length

    - by Yan Cheng CHEOK
    Previously, I am using STL map to perform the mentioned task. struct ltstr { bool operator()(std::string s1, std::string s2) const { const int l1 = s1.length(); const int l2 = s2.length(); if (l1 == l2) { // In alphabetical order. return s1.compare(s2) < 0; } // From longest length to shortest length. return l1 > l2; } }; std::map<std::string, int, ltstr> m; How can I perform the same task using CMap? // How to make key sorted by string length? CMap<CString, LPCTSTR, int, int> m;

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  • Iterator for second to last element in a list

    - by BSchlinker
    I currently have the following for loop: for(list<string>::iterator jt=it->begin(); jt!=it->end()-1; jt++) I have a list of strings which is in a larger list (list<list<string> >). I want to loop through the contents of the innerlist until I get to the 2nd to last element. This is because I have already processed the contents of the final element, and have no reason to process them again. However, using it->end()-1 is invalid -- I cannot use the - operator here. While I could use the -- operator, this would decrement this final iterator on each cycle. I believe a STL list is a doubly linked list, so from my perspective, it should be possible to do this. Advice? Thanks in advance

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  • Container for database-like searches

    - by Milan Babuškov
    I'm looking for some STL, boost, or similar container to use the same way indexes are used in databases to search for record using a query like this: select * from table1 where field1 starting with 'X'; or select * from table1 where field1 like 'X%'; I thought about using std::map, but I cannot because I need to search for fields that "start with" some text, and not those that are "equal to". I could create a sorted vector or list and use binary search (breaking the set in 2 in each step by reading the element in the middle and seeing if it's more or less than 'X'), but I wonder if there is some ready-made container I could use without reinventing the wheel?

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  • Why is comparing against "end()" iterator legal?

    - by sharptooth
    According to C++ standard (3.7.3.2/4) using (not only dereferencing, but also copying, casting, whatever else) an invalid pointer is undefined behavior (in case of doubt also see this question). Now the typical code to traverse an STL containter looks like this: std::vector<int> toTraverse; //populate the vector for( std::vector<int>::iterator it = toTraverse.begin(); it != toTraverse.end(); ++it ) { //process( *it ); } std::vector::end() is an iterator onto the hypothetic element beyond the last element of the containter. There's no element there, therefore using a pointer through that iterator is undefined behavior. Now how does the != end() work then? I mean in order to do the comparison an iterator needs to be constructed wrapping an invalid address and then that invalid address will have to be used in a comparison which again is undefined behavior. Is such comparison legal and why?

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  • Excess elements in scalar initializer

    - by Wade Williams
    I'm pretty noobish when it comes to C++ STL stuff. After a compiler upgrade, I'm getting: error: Semantic Issue: Excess elements in scalar initializer on the call: Certificate *tempcert; cValType( tempPerson->name, tempcert ); with a typedef of: typedef std::map< string, certificate* >::value_type cValType; I'm not certain what this error is telling me or how to fix it. (Ok, I realize it's telling me excess elements, but it looks like it matches the map prototype to me, so I'm confused.) Suggestions?

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  • small string optimization for vector?

    - by BuschnicK
    I know several (all?) STL implementations implement a "small string" optimization where instead of storing the usual 3 pointers for begin, end and capacity a string will store the actual character data in the memory used for the pointers if sizeof(characters) <= sizeof(pointers). I am in a situation where I have lots of small vectors with an element size <= sizeof(pointer). I cannot use fixed size arrays, since the vectors need to be able to resize dynamically and may potentially grow quite large. However, the median (not mean) size of the vectors will only be 4-12 bytes. So a "small string" optimization adapted to vectors would be quite useful to me. Does such a thing exist? I'm thinking about rolling my own by simply brute force converting a vector to a string, i.e. providing a vector interface to a string. Good idea?

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  • Why only random-access-iterator implements operator+ in C++?

    - by xopht
    I'd like get far next value for STL list iterator but it doesn't implement operator+, vector has it though. Why and how can I get the value where I want? I think I can do that if I call operator++ several times, but isn't that a little bit dirty? What I want to do is the following: list<int> l; ...omitted... list<int>::iterator itr = l.begin() + 3; // but, list iterator does not have // operator+ What is the best solution for what I want?

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  • C++ vector that *doesn't* initialize its members?

    - by Mehrdad
    I'm making a C++ wrapper for a piece of C code that returns a large array, and so I've tried to return the data in a vector<unsigned char>. Now the problem is, the data is on the order of megabytes, and vector unnecessarily initializes its storage, which essentially turns out to cut down my speed by half. How do I prevent this? Or, if it's not possible -- is there some other STL container that would avoid such needless work? Or must I end up making my own container? (Pre-C++11) Note: I'm passing the vector as my output buffer. I'm not copying the data from elsewhere.

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  • What algorithms do "the big ones" use to cluster news?

    - by marco92w
    I want to cluster texts for a news website. At the moment I use this algorithm to find the related articles. But I found out that PHP's similar_text() gives very good results, too. What sort of algorithms do "the big ones", Google News, Topix, Techmeme, Wikio, Megite etc., use? Of course, you don't know exactly how the algorithms work. It's secret. But maybe someone knows approximately the way they work? The algorithm I use at the moment is very slow. It only compares two articles. So for having the relations between 5,000 articles you need about 12,500,000 comparisons. This is quite a lot. Are there alternatives to reduce the number of necessary comparisons? [I don't look for improvements for my algorithm.] What do "the big ones" do? I'm sure they don't always compare one article to another and this 12,500,000 times for 5,000 news. It would be great if somebody can say something about this topic.

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  • What Algorithm will Find New Longtail Keywords for *keyword* in PPC

    - by Becci
    I am looking for the algorithm (or combo) that would allow someone to find new longtail PPC search phrases based on say one corekeyword. Eg #1 word word corekeyword eg #2 word corekeyword word Google search tool allows a limited number vertically - mostly of eg#1 (https://adwords.google.com.au/select/KeywordToolExternal) I also know of other PPC apps that allow more volume than google adwords keyword tool, But I want to find other combos that mention the corekeyword & then naturally sort for the highest volume searched. Working example of exact match: corekeyword: copywriter (40,500 searches a month) google will serve up: become a copywriter (480 searches globally/month in english) But if I specifically look up: How to become a copywriter (720 searches a month) This exact longtail keyword phrase has 300 more searches than the 3 word version spat out by google. I want the algorithm to find any other highly search exact longtials like: how to become a copywriter Simply because it was save significant $ finding other longtail keywords after your campaign has been running an made google lots of money. I don't want a concantenation algorithm (I already have one of those), because hypothetically, I don't know what keywords will be that I want to find. Any gurus out there? Becci

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  • looking for a license key algorithm.

    - by giulio
    There are a lot of questions relating to license keys asked on stackoverflow. But they don't answer this question. Can anyone provide a simple license key algorithm that is technology independent and doesn't required a diploma in mathematics to understand ? The license key algorithm is similar to public key encryption. I just need something simple that can be implemented in any platform .Net/Java and uses simple data like characters. Preferably no byte translations required. So if a person presents a string, a complementary string can be generated that is the authorisation code. Below is a common scenario that it would be used for. Customer downloads s/w which generates a unique key upon initial startup/installation. S/w runs during trial period. At end of trial period an authorisation key is required. Customer goes to designated web-site, enters their code and get authorisation code to enable s/w, after paying :) Don't be afraid to describe your answer as though you're talking to a 5 yr old as I am not a mathemtician. Just need a decent basic algorithm, we're not launching nukes... NB: Please no philosophy on encryption nor who is Diffie-Hellman. I just need a basic solution.

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  • Bubble sort algorithm implementations (Haskell vs. C)

    - by kingping
    Hello. I have written 2 implementation of bubble sort algorithm in C and Haskell. Haskell implementation: module Main where main = do contents <- readFile "./data" print "Data loaded. Sorting.." let newcontents = bubblesort contents writeFile "./data_new_ghc" newcontents print "Sorting done" bubblesort list = sort list [] False rev = reverse -- separated. To see rev2 = reverse -- who calls the routine sort (x1:x2:xs) acc _ | x1 > x2 = sort (x1:xs) (x2:acc) True sort (x1:xs) acc flag = sort xs (x1:acc) flag sort [] acc True = sort (rev acc) [] False sort _ acc _ = rev2 acc I've compared these two implementations having run both on file with size of 20 KiB. C implementation took about a second, Haskell — about 1 min 10 sec. I have also profiled the Haskell application: Compile for profiling: C:\Temp ghc -prof -auto-all -O --make Main Profile: C:\Temp Main.exe +RTS -p and got these results. This is a pseudocode of the algorithm: procedure bubbleSort( A : list of sortable items ) defined as: do swapped := false for each i in 0 to length(A) - 2 inclusive do: if A[i] > A[i+1] then swap( A[i], A[i+1] ) swapped := true end if end for while swapped end procedure I wonder if it's possible to make Haskell implementation work faster without changing the algorithm (there's are actually a few tricks to make it work faster, but neither implementations have these optimizations)

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  • AStar in a specific case in C#

    - by KiTe
    Hello. To an intership, I have use the A* algorithm in the following case : the unit shape is a square of height and width of 1, we can travel from a zone represented by a rectangle from another, but we can't travel outside these predifined areas, we can go from a rectangle to another through a door, represented by a segment on corresponding square edge. Here are the 2 things I already did but which didn't satisfied my boss : 1 : I created the following classes : -a Door class which contains the location of the 2 separated squares and the door's orientation (top, left, bottom, right), -a Map class which contains a door list, a rectangle list representing the walkable areas and a 2D array representing the ground's squares (for additionnal infomations through an enumeration) - classes for the A* algorithm (node, AStar) 2 : -a MapCase class, which contains information about the case effect and doors through an enumeration (with [FLAGS] attribute set on, to be able to cummulate several information on each case) -a Map classes which only contains a 2D array of MapCase classes - the classes for the A* algorithm (still node an AStar). Since the 2 version is better than the first (less useless calculation, better map classes architecture), my boss is not still satisfied about my mapping classes architecture. The A* and node classes are good and easily mainainable, so I don't think I have to explain them deeper for now. So here is my asking : has somebody a good idea to implement the A* with the problem specification (rectangle walkable but with a square unit area, travelling through doors)? He said that a grid vision of the problem (so a 2D array) shouldn't be the correct way to solve the problem. I wish I've been clear while exposing my problem .. Thanks KiTe

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  • Fast, very lightweight algorithm for camera motion detection?

    - by Ertebolle
    I'm working on an augmented reality app for iPhone that involves a very processor-intensive object recognition algorithm (pushing the CPU at 100% it can get through maybe 5 frames per second), and in an effort to both save battery power and make the whole thing less "jittery" I'm trying to come up with a way to only run that object recognizer when the user is actually moving the camera around. My first thought was to simply use the iPhone's accelerometers / gyroscope, but in testing I found that very often people would move the iPhone at a consistent enough attitude and velocity that there wouldn't be any way to tell that it was still in motion. So that left the option of analyzing the actual video feed and detecting movement in that. I got OpenCV working and tried running their pyramidal Lucas-Kanade optical flow algorithm, which works well but seems to be almost as processor-intensive as my object recognizer - I can get it to an acceptable framerate if I lower the depth levels / downsample the image / track fewer points, but then accuracy suffers and it starts to miss some large movements and trigger on small hand-shaking-y ones. So my question is, is there another optical flow algorithm that's faster than Lucas-Kanade if I just want to detect the overall magnitude of camera movement? I don't need to track individual objects, I don't even need to know which direction the camera is moving, all I really need is a way to feed something two frames of video and have it tell me how far apart they are.

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  • Need help implementing this algorithm with map Hadoop MapReduce

    - by Julia
    Hi all! i have algorithm that will go through a large data set read some text files and search for specific terms in those lines. I have it implemented in Java, but I didnt want to post code so that it doesnt look i am searching for someone to implement it for me, but it is true i really need a lot of help!!! This was not planned for my project, but data set turned out to be huge, so teacher told me I have to do it like this. EDIT(i did not clarified i previos version)The data set I have is on a Hadoop cluster, and I should make its MapReduce implementation I was reading about MapReduce and thaught that i first do the standard implementation and then it will be more/less easier to do it with mapreduce. But didnt happen, since algorithm is quite stupid and nothing special, and map reduce...i cant wrap my mind around it. So here is shortly pseudo code of my algorithm LIST termList (there is method that creates this list from lucene index) FOLDER topFolder INPUT topFolder IF it is folder and not empty list files (there are 30 sub folders inside) FOR EACH sub folder GET file "CheckedFile.txt" analyze(CheckedFile) ENDFOR END IF Method ANALYZE(CheckedFile) read CheckedFile WHILE CheckedFile has next line GET line FOR(loops through termList) GET third word from line IF third word = term from list append whole line to string buffer ENDIF ENDFOR END WHILE OUTPUT string buffer to file Also, as you can see, each time when "analyze" is called, new file has to be created, i understood that map reduce is difficult to write to many outputs??? I understand mapreduce intuition, and my example seems perfectly suited for mapreduce, but when it comes to do this, obviously I do not know enough and i am STUCK! Please please help.

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  • How toget a list of "fastest miles" from a set of GPS Points

    - by santiagobasulto
    I'm trying to solve a weird problem. Maybe you guys know of some algorithm that takes care of this. I have data for a cargo freight truck and want to extract some data. Suppose I've got a list of sorted points that I get from the GPS. That's the route for that truck: [ { "lng": "-111.5373066", "lat": "40.7231711", "time": "1970-01-01T00:00:04Z", "elev": "1942.1789265256325" }, { "lng": "-111.5372056", "lat": "40.7228762", "time": "1970-01-01T00:00:07Z", "elev": "1942.109892409177" } ] Now, what I want to get is a list of the "fastest miles". I'll do an example: Given the points: A, B, C, D, E, F the distance from point A to point B is 1 mile, and the cargo took 10:32 minutes. From point B to point D i've got other mile, and the cargo took 10 minutes, etc. So, i need a list sorted by time. Similar to: B -> D: 10 A -> B: 10:32 D -> F: 11:02 Do you know any efficient algorithm that let me calculate that? Thank you all. PS: I'm using Python. EDIT: I've got the distance. I know how to calculate it and there are plenty of posts to do that. What I need is an algorithm to tokenize by mile and get speed from that. Having a distance function is not helpful enough: results = {} for point in points: aux_points = points.takeWhile(point>n) #This doesn't exist, just trying to be simple for aux_point in aux_points: d = distance(point, aux_point) if d == 1_MILE: time_elapsed = time(point, aux_point) results[time_elapsed] = (point, aux_point) I'm still doing some pretty inefficient calculations.

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  • Django: Applying Calculations To A Query Set

    - by TheLizardKing
    I have a QuerySet that I wish to pass to a generic view for pagination: links = Link.objects.annotate(votes=Count('vote')).order_by('-created')[:300] This is my "hot" page which lists my 300 latest submissions (10 pages of 30 links each). I want to now sort this QuerySet by an algorithm that HackerNews uses: (p - 1) / (t + 2)^1.5 p = votes minus submitter's initial vote t = age of submission in hours Now because applying this algorithm over the entire database would be pretty costly I am content with just the last 300 submissions. My site is unlikely to be the next digg/reddit so while scalability is a plus it is required. My question is now how do I iterate over my QuerySet and sort it by the above algorithm? For more information, here are my applicable models: class Link(models.Model): category = models.ForeignKey(Category, blank=False, default=1) user = models.ForeignKey(User) created = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True) modified = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True) url = models.URLField(max_length=1024, unique=True, verify_exists=True) name = models.CharField(max_length=512) def __unicode__(self): return u'%s (%s)' % (self.name, self.url) class Vote(models.Model): link = models.ForeignKey(Link) user = models.ForeignKey(User) created = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True) def __unicode__(self): return u'%s vote for %s' % (self.user, self.link) Notes: I don't have "downvotes" so just the presence of a Vote row is an indicator of a vote or a particular link by a particular user.

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  • Geohashing - recursively find neighbors of neighbors

    - by itsme
    I am now looking for an elegant algorithm to recursively find neighbors of neighbors with the geohashing algorithm (http://www.geohash.org). Basically take a central geohash, and then get the first 'ring' of same-size hashes around it (8 elements), then, in the next step, get the next ring around the first etc. etc. Have you heard of an elegant way to do so? Brute force could be to take each neighbor and get their neighbors simply ignoring the massive overlap. Neighbors around one central geohash has been solved many times (here e.g. in Ruby: http://github.com/masuidrive/pr_geohash/blob/master/lib/pr_geohash.rb) Edit for clarification: Current solution, with passing in a center key and a direction, like this (with corresponding lookup-tables): def adjacent(geohash, dir) base, lastChr = geohash[0..-2], geohash[-1,1] type = (geohash.length % 2)==1 ? :odd : :even if BORDERS[dir][type].include?(lastChr) base = adjacent(base, dir) end base + BASE32[NEIGHBORS[dir][type].index(lastChr),1] end (extract from Yuichiro MASUI's lib) I say this approach will get ugly soon, because directions gets ugly once we are in ring two or three. The algorithm would ideally simply take two parameters, the center area and the distance from 0 being the center geohash only (["u0m"] and 1 being the first ring made of 8 geohashes of the same size around it (= [["u0t", "u0w"], ["u0q", "u0n"], ["u0j", "u0h"], ["u0k", "u0s"]]). two being the second ring with 16 areas around the first ring etc. Do you see any way to deduce the 'rings' from the bits in an elegant way?

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  • Determining the chances of an event occurring when it hasn't occurred yet

    - by sanity
    A user visits my website at time t, and they may or may not click on a particular link I care about, if they do I record the fact that they clicked the link, and also the duration since t that they clicked it, call this d. I need an algorithm that allows me to create a class like this: class ClickProbabilityEstimate { public void reportImpression(long id); public void reportClick(long id); public double estimateClickProbability(long id); } Every impression gets a unique id, and this is used when reporting a click to indicate which impression the click belongs to. I need an algorithm that will return a probability, based on how much time has past since an impression was reported, that the impression will receive a click, based on how long previous clicks required. Clearly one would expect that this probability will decrease over time if there is still no click. If necessary, we can set an upper-bound, beyond which we consider the click probability to be 0 (eg. if its been an hour since the impression occurred, we can be pretty sure there won't be a click). The algorithm should be both space and time efficient, and hopefully make as few assumptions as possible, while being elegant. Ease of implementation would also be nice. Any ideas?

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  • Need help implementing this algorithm with map reduce(hadoop)

    - by Julia
    Hi all! i have algorithm that will go through a large data set read some text files and search for specific terms in those lines. I have it implemented in Java, but I didnt want to post code so that it doesnt look i am searching for someone to implement it for me, but it is true i really need a lot of help!!! This was not planned for my project, but data set turned out to be huge, so teacher told me I have to do it like this. I was reading about MapReduce and thaught that i first do the standard implementation and then it will be more/less easier to do it with mapreduce. But didnt happen, since algorithm is quite stupid and nothing special, and map reduce...i cant wrap my mind around it. So here is shortly pseudo code of my algorithm LIST termList (there is method that creates this list from lucene index) FOLDER topFolder INPUT topFolder IF it is folder and not empty list files (there are 30 sub folders inside) FOR EACH sub folder GET file "CheckedFile.txt" analyze(CheckedFile) ENDFOR END IF Method ANALYZE(CheckedFile) read CheckedFile WHILE CheckedFile has next line GET line FOR(loops through termList) GET third word from line IF third word = term from list append whole line to string buffer ENDIF ENDFOR END WHILE OUTPUT string buffer to file Also, as you can see, each time when "analyze" is called, new file has to be created, i understood that map reduce is difficult to write to many outputs??? I understand mapreduce intuition, and my example seems perfectly suited for mapreduce, but when it comes to do this, obviously I do not know enough and i am STUCK! Please please help.

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  • Calculating distance between two X,Y coordinates

    - by Umopepisdn
    I am writing a tool for a game that involves calculating the distance between two coordinates on a spherical plane 500 units across. That is, [0,0] through [499,499] are valid coordinates, and [0,0] and [499,499] are also right next to each other. Currently, in my application, I am comparing the distance between a city with an [X,Y] location respective to the user's own [X,Y] location, which they have configured in advance. To do this, I found this algorithm, which kind of works: Math.sqrt ( dx * dx + dy * dy ); Because sorting a paged list by distance is a useful thing to be able to do, I implemented this algorithm in a MySQL query and have made it available to my application using the following part of my SELECT statement: SQRT( POW( ( ".strval($sourceX)." - cityX ) , 2 ) + POW( ( ".strval($sourceY)." - cityY ) , 2 ) ) AS distance This works fine for many calculations, but does not take into account the fact that [0,0] and [499,499] are kitty-corner to one another. Is there any way I can tweak this algorithm to generate an accurate distance, given that 0 and 499 are adjacent? Thanks, -Umo

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