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• Slow T-SQL query, convert to LINQ to Object

  - by yimbot

  I have a T-SQL query which populates a DataSet from an MSSQL database. string qry = "SELECT * FROM EvnLog AS E WHERE TimeDate = (SELECT MAX(TimeDate) From EvnLog WHERE Code = E.Code) AND (Event = 8) AND (TimeDate BETWEEN '" + Start + "' AND '" + Finish + "')" The database is quite large and being the type of nested query it is, the Data Adapter can take a number of minutes to fill the DataSet. I have extended the DataAdapter's timeout value to 480 seconds to combat it, but the client still complains about slow performance and occassional timeouts. To combat this, I was considering executing a simpler query (ie. just taking the date range) and then populating a Generic List which I could then execute a Linq query against. The simple query executes very quickly which is great. However, I cannot seem to build a Linq query which generates the same results as the T-SQL query above. Is this the best solution to this problem? Can anyone provide tips on rewriting the above T-SQL into Linq? I have also considered using a DataView, but cannot seem to get the results from that either.

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• What's the most trivial function that would benfit from being computed on a GPU?

  - by hanDerPeder

  Hi. I'm just starting out learning OpenCL. I'm trying to get a feel for what performance gains to expect when moving functions/algorithms to the GPU. The most basic kernel given in most tutorials is a kernel that takes two arrays of numbers and sums the value at the corresponding indexes and adds them to a third array, like so: __kernel void add(__global float *a, __global float *b, __global float *answer) { int gid = get_global_id(0); answer[gid] = a[gid] + b[gid]; } __kernel void sub(__global float* n, __global float* answer) { int gid = get_global_id(0); answer[gid] = n[gid] - 2; } __kernel void ranksort(__global const float *a, __global float *answer) { int gid = get_global_id(0); int gSize = get_global_size(0); int x = 0; for(int i = 0; i < gSize; i++){ if(a[gid] > a[i]) x++; } answer[x] = a[gid]; } I am assuming that you could never justify computing this on the GPU, the memory transfer would out weight the time it would take computing this on the CPU by magnitudes (I might be wrong about this, hence this question). What I am wondering is what would be the most trivial example where you would expect significant speedup when using a OpenCL kernel instead of the CPU?

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• C++ BigInt multiplication conceptual problem

  - by Kapo

  I'm building a small BigInt library in C++ for use in my programming language. The structure is like the following: short digits[ 1000 ]; int len; I have a function that converts a string into a bigint by splitting it up into single chars and putting them into digits. The numbers in digits are all reversed, so the number 123 would look like the following: digits[0]=3 digits[1]=3 digits[2]=1 I have already managed to code the adding function, which works perfectly. It works somewhat like this: overflow = 0 for i ++ until length of both numbers exceeded: add numberA[ i ] to numberB[ i ] add overflow to the result set overflow to 0 if the result is bigger than 10: substract 10 from the result overflow = 1 put the result into numberReturn[ i ] (Overflow is in this case what happens when I add 1 to 9: Substract 10 from 10, add 1 to overflow, overflow gets added to the next digit) So think of how two numbers are stored, like those: 0 | 1 | 2 --------- A 2 - - B 0 0 1 The above represents the digits of the bigints 2 (A) and 100 (B). - means uninitialized digits, they aren't accessed. So adding the above number works fine: start at 0, add 2 + 0, go to 1, add 0, go to 2, add 1 But: When I want to do multiplication with the above structure, my program ends up doing the following: Start at 0, multiply 2 with 0 (eek), go to 1, ... So it is obvious that, for multiplication, I have to get an order like this: 0 | 1 | 2 --------- A - - 2 B 0 0 1 Then, everything would be clear: Start at 0, multiply 0 with 0, go to 1, multiply 0 with 0, go to 2, multiply 1 with 2 How can I manage to get digits into the correct form for multiplication? I don't want to do any array moving/flipping - I need performance!

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• Obfuscator for .NET assembly (Maybe just a C++ obfuscator?)

  - by Pirate for Profit

  The software company I work for is using a ton of open source LGPL/BSD/MIT C++ code that we have written wrappers around to port "helper classes" into a .NET assembly, via C++/CLI. These libraries have wrapped old cryptic APIs into easy-to-use ones based on common sense, and will be very helpful for a lot of different tasks will be included in many future client's applications, and we might even license it to other software companies in the same field. So naturally we are tasked with looking into solutions for securing the code from prying eyes. What we're trying to do is stop the casual observer from seeing what's going on. Now I have hacked some crazy shit in EverQuest and other video games in my day so I know with enough tireless effort anything can be done. But we don't want to make it easy for whomever. To the point, besides the Visual Studio compiler's optimizations, is there's a C++ obfuscator or .NET assembly obfuscator (after it's been built o.O) or something that would scramble everything up, re-arrange data structures, string constants, etc. idk? And if such a thing exists, we'd be curious to know how that would impact performance, as some sections of code are time critical (funny saying that using a managed M$ framework).

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• Better language or checking tool?

  - by rwallace

  This is primarily aimed at programmers who use unmanaged languages like C and C++ in preference to managed languages, forgoing some forms of error checking to obtain benefits like the ability to work in extremely resource constrained systems or the last increment of performance, though I would also be interested in answers from those who use managed languages. Which of the following would be of most value? A language that would optionally compile to CLR byte code or to machine code via C, and would provide things like optional array bounds checking, more support for memory management in environments where you can't use garbage collection, and faster compile times than typical C++ projects. (Think e.g. Ada or Eiffel with Python syntax.) A tool that would take existing C code and perform static analysis to look for things like potential null pointer dereferences and array overflows. (Think e.g. an open source equivalent to Coverity.) Something else I haven't thought of. Or put another way, when you're using C family languages, is the top of your wish list more expressiveness, better error checking or something else? The reason I'm asking is that I have a design and prototype parser for #1, and an outline design for #2, and I'm wondering which would be the better use of resources to work on after my current project is up and running; but I think the answers may be useful for other tools programmers also. (As usual with questions of this nature, if the answer you would give is already there, please upvote it.)

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• Freetype2 (error-)return value documentation

  - by Awaki

  In short, I'm looking for documentation that would limit the error situations to check for after a Freetype library function failed, much like the OpenGL and Win32 APIs document the error codes generated by their respective functions. I can't seem to find such documentation though, so I was wondering how to best handle translation of Freetype errors to typed exceptions. Background: I am currently in the process of implementing font-rendering capability (using Freetype) for my GUI framework, which makes strong use of typed exceptions to indicate error situations. However, the Freetype docs seem to completely omit what errors can be expected from what functions. That, if such documentation does indeed not exist, would basically leave me with two options: either guessing which errors make sense for a certain Freetype function (obviously prone to mistakes on my part), or considering every error code for translation into appropriate exceptions (less verbose since I would have to write the translation only once). Performance isn't really critical in the code that calls the Freetype library, so even the latter option would probably be acceptable, but surely there must be some kind of documentation on which library calls may return what Freetype error? Is there any such documentation which I just somehow managed to not find? Should I go the route of generically expecting every error code for translation? Or are there other ways to approach this problem? By the way, I wanted to avoid introducing some kind of generic FreetypeException (containing a description of the Freetype error) since I intended to completely hide what libraries I'm using (not from a legal point-of-view, mind you), but I guess I can be convinced to do this anyway if the consensus is that it would be the best option. I don't think it matters for this question, but I'm writing in C++.

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• How to control the "flow" of an ASP.NET MVC (3.0) web app that relies on Facebook membership, with Facebook C# SDK?

  - by Chad

  I want to totally remove the standard ASP.NET membership system and use Facebook only for my web app's membership. Note, this is not a Facebook canvas app question. Typically, in an ASP.NET app you have some key properties & methods to control the "flow" of an app. Notably: Request.IsAuthenticated, [Authorize] (in MVC apps), Membership.GetUser() and Roles.IsUserInRole(), among others. It looks like [FacebookAuthorize] is equivalent to [Authorize]. Also, there's some standard work I do across all controllers in my site. So I built a BaseController that overrides OnActionExecuting(FilterContext). Typically, I populate ViewData with the user's profile within this action. Would performance suffer if I made a call to fbApp.Get("me") in this action? I use the Facebook Javascript SDK to do registration, which is nice and easy. But that's all client-side, and I'm having a hard time wrapping my mind around when to use client-side facebook calls versus server-side. There will be a point when I need to grab the user's facebook uid and store it in a "profile" table along with a few other bits of data. That would probably be best handled on the return url from the registration plugin... correct? On a side note, what data is returned from fbApp.Get("me")?

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• Using Lucene to index private data, should I have a separate index for each user or a single index

  - by Nathan Bayles

  I am developing an Azure based website and I want to provide search capabilities using Lucene. (structured json objects would be indexed and stored in Lucene and other content such as Word documents, etc. would be indexed in lucene but stored in blob storage) I want the search to be secure, such that one user would never see a document belonging to another user. I want to allow ad-hoc searches as typed by the user. Lastly, I want to query programmatically to return predefined sets of data, such as "all notes for user X". I think I understand how to add properties to each document to achieve these 3 objectives. (I am listing them here so if anyone is kind enough to answer, they will have better idea of what I am trying to do) My questions revolve around performance and security. Can I improve document security by having a separate index for each user, or is including the user's ID as a parameter in each search sufficient? Can I improve indexing speed and total throughput of the system by having a separate index for each user? My thinking is that having separate indexes would allow me to scale the system by having multiple index writers (perhaps even on different server instances) working at the same time, each on their own index. Any insight would be greatly appreciated. Regards, Nate

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• How would I compare two Lists(Of <CustomClass>) in VB?

  - by Kumba

  I'm working on implementing the equality operator = for a custom class of mine. The class has one property, Value, which is itself a List(Of OtherClass), where OtherClass is yet another custom class in my project. I've already implemented the IComparer, IComparable, IEqualityComparer, and IEquatable interfaces, the operators =, <>, bool and not, and overriden Equals and GetHashCode for OtherClass. This should give me all the tools I need to compare these objects, and various tests comparing two singular instances of these objects so far checks out. However, I'm not sure how to approach this when they are in a List. I don't care about the list order. Given: Dim x As New List(Of OtherClass) From {New OtherClass("foo"), New OtherClass("bar"), New OtherClass("baz")} Dim y As New List(Of OtherClass) From {New OtherClass("baz"), New OtherClass("foo"), New OtherClass("bar")} Then (x = y).ToString should print out True. I need to compare the same (not distinct) set of objects in this list. The list shouldn't support dupes of OtherClass, but I'll have to figure out how to add that in later as an exception. Not interested in using LINQ. It looks nice, but in the few examples I've played with, adds a performance overhead in that bugs me. Loops are ugly, but they are fast :) A straight code answer is fine, but I'd like to understand the logic needed for such a comparison as well. I'm probably going to have to implement said logic more than a few times down the road.

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• What collection object is appropriate for fixed ordering of values?

  - by makerofthings7

  Scenario: I am tracking several performance counters and have a CounterDescription[] correlate to DataSnapshot[]... where CounterDescription[n] describes the data loaded within DataSnapshot[n]. I want to expose an easy to use API within C# that will allow for the easy and efficient expansion of the arrays. For example CounterDescription[0] = Humidity; DataSnapshot[0] = .9; CounterDescription[1] = Temp; DataSnapshot[1] = 63; My upload object is defined like this: Note how my intent is to correlate many Datasnapshots with a dattime reference, and using the offset of the data to refer to its meaning. This was determined to be the most efficient way to store the data on the back-end, and has now reflected itself into the following structure: public class myDataObject { [DataMember] public SortedDictionary<DateTime, float[]> Pages { get; set; } /// <summary> /// An array that identifies what each position in the array is supposed to be /// </summary> [DataMember] public CounterDescription[] Counters { get; set; } } I will need to expand each of these arrays (float[] and CounterDescription[] ), but whatever data already exists must stay in that relative offset. Which .NET objects support this? I think Array[] , LinkedList<t>, and List<t> Are able to keep the data fixed in the right locations. What do you think?

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• Datastructure choices for highspeed and memory efficient detection of duplicate of strings

  - by Jonathan Holland

  I have a interesting problem that could be solved in a number of ways: I have a function that takes in a string. If this function has never seen this string before, it needs to perform some processing. If the function has seen the string before, it needs to skip processing. After a specified amount of time, the function should accept duplicate strings. This function may be called thousands of time per second, and the string data may be very large. This is a highly abstracted explanation of the real application, just trying to get down to the core concept for the purpose of the question. The function will need to store state in order to detect duplicates. It also will need to store an associated timestamp in order to expire duplicates. It does NOT need to store the strings, a unique hash of the string would be fine, providing there is no false positives due to collisions (Use a perfect hash?), and the hash function was performant enough. The naive implementation would be simply (in C#): Dictionary<String,DateTime> though in the interest of lowering memory footprint and potentially increasing performance I'm evaluating a custom data structures to handle this instead of a basic hashtable. So, given these constraints, what would you use? EDIT, some additional information that might change proposed implementations: 99% of the strings will not be duplicates. Almost all of the duplicates will arrive back to back, or nearly sequentially. In the real world, the function will be called from multiple worker threads, so state management will need to be synchronized.

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• Is it acceptable to wrap PHP library functions solely to change the names?

  - by Carson Myers

  I'm going to be starting a fairly large PHP application this summer, on which I'll be the sole developer (so I don't have any coding conventions to conform to aside from my own). PHP 5.3 is a decent language IMO, despite the stupid namespace token. But one thing that has always bothered me about it is the standard library and its lack of a naming convention. So I'm curious, would it be seriously bad practice to wrap some of the most common standard library functions in my own functions/classes to make the names a little better? I suppose it could also add or modify some functionality in some cases, although at the moment I don't have any examples (I figure I will find ways to make them OO or make them work a little differently while I am working). If you saw a PHP developer do this, would you think "Man, this is one shoddy developer?" Additionally, I don't know much (or anything) about if/how PHP is optimized, and I know that usually PHP performace doesn't matter. But would doing something like this have a noticeable impact on the performance of my application?

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• Guidance required: FIrst time gonna work with real high end database (size = 50GB).

  - by claws

  I got a project of designing a Database. This is going to be my first big scale project. Good thing about it is information is mostly organized & currently stored in text files. The size of this information is 50GB. There are going to be few millions of records in each Table. Its going to have around 50 tables. I need to provide a web interface for searching & browsing. I'm going to use MySQL DBMS. I've never worked with a database more than 200MB before. So, speed & performance was never a concern but I followed things like normalization & Indexes. I never used any kind of testing/benchmarking/queryOptimization/whatever because I never had to care about them. But here the purpose of creating a database is to make it quickly searchable. So, I need to consider all possible aspects in design. I was browsing archives & found: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1981526/what-should-every-developer-know-about-databases http://stackoverflow.com/questions/621884/database-development-mistakes-made-by-app-developers I'm gonna keep the points mentioned in above answers in mind. What else should I know? What else should I keep in mind?

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• Index question: Select * with WHERE clause. Where and how to create index

  - by Mestika

  Hi, I’m working on optimizing some of my queries and I have a query that states: select * from SC where c_id ="+c_id” The schema of ** SC** looks like this: SC ( c_id int not null, date_start date not null, date_stop date not null, r_t_id int not null, nt int, t_p decimal, PRIMARY KEY (c_id, r_t_id, date_start, date_stop)); My immediate bid on how the index should be created is a covering index in this order: INDEX(c_id, date_start, date_stop, nt, r_t_id, t_p) The reason for this order I base on: The WHERE clause selects from c_id thus making it the first sorting order. Next, the date_start and date_stop to specify a sort of “range” to be defined in these parameters Next, nt because it will select the nt Next the r_t_id because it is a ID for a specific type of my r_t table And last the t_p because it is just a information. I don’t know if it is at all necessary to order it in a specific way when it is a SELECT ALL statement. I should say, that the SC is not the biggest table. I can say how many rows it contains but a estimate could be between <10 and 1000. The next thing to add is, that the SC, in different queries, inserts the data into the SC, and I know that indexes on tables which have insertions can be cost ineffective, but can I somehow create a golden middle way to effective this performance. Don't know if it makes a different but I'm using IBM DB2 version 9.7 database Sincerely Mestika

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• WCF with MANY database connections

  - by Jorge Dominguez

  I'm working in the development of an ERP type .Net WinForms application consuming a WCF service. It's to be used by many small companies (in the range of 100-200). Database is SQL Server 2008 and the service will be hosted as a Windows service. Even thought there will be a single DB Server, our customer insists in having separate databases for each company. That is because of stability/support concerns (like DB being damaged or took offline for some reason thus affecting all clients). Concerns coming from previous experiences (not necessarily with same platform). With a single database, connections to the DB would be opened at service start up and pooling used, but, I'm not sure how connections could be managed in a multiple DB scenario: Could a connection to the corresponding DB be opened and closed for each service request? would performance be acceptable? If a connection is opened and maintained for each company accessing the system, what's the practical limit of opened connections (to different databases)? It would be very interesting to hear your opinions and suggestions for this situation. Tanks

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• C++ Array vs vector

  - by blue_river

  when using C++ vector, time spent is 718 milliseconds, while when I use Array, time is almost 0 milliseconds. Why so much performance difference? int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[]) { const int size = 10000; clock_t start, end; start = clock(); vector<int> v(size*size); for(int i = 0; i < size; i++) { for(int j = 0; j < size; j++) { v[i*size+j] = 1; } } end = clock(); cout<< (end - start) <<" milliseconds."<<endl; // 718 milliseconds int f = 0; start = clock(); int arr[size*size]; for(int i = 0; i < size; i++) { for(int j = 0; j < size; j++) { arr[i*size+j] = 1; } } end = clock(); cout<< ( end - start) <<" milliseconds."<<endl; // 0 milliseconds return 0; }

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• How much does an InnoDB table benefit from having fixed-length rows?

  - by Philip Eve

  I know that dependent on the database storage engine in use, a performance benefit can be found if all of the rows in the table can be guaranteed to be the same length (by avoiding nullable columns and not using any VARCHAR, TEXT or BLOB columns). I'm not clear on how far this applies to InnoDB, with its funny table arrangements. Let's give an example: I have the following table CREATE TABLE `PlayerGameRcd` ( `User` SMALLINT UNSIGNED NOT NULL, `Game` MEDIUMINT UNSIGNED NOT NULL, `GameResult` ENUM('Quit', 'Kicked by Vote', 'Kicked by Admin', 'Kicked by System', 'Finished 5th', 'Finished 4th', 'Finished 3rd', 'Finished 2nd', 'Finished 1st', 'Game Aborted', 'Playing', 'Hide' ) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'Playing', `Inherited` TINYINT NOT NULL, `GameCounts` TINYINT NOT NULL, `Colour` TINYINT UNSIGNED NOT NULL, `Score` SMALLINT UNSIGNED NOT NULL DEFAULT 0, `NumLongTurns` TINYINT UNSIGNED NOT NULL DEFAULT 0, `Notes` MEDIUMTEXT, `CurrentOccupant` TINYINT UNSIGNED NOT NULL DEFAULT 0, PRIMARY KEY (`Game`, `User`), UNIQUE KEY `PGR_multi_uk` (`Game`, `CurrentOccupant`, `Colour`), INDEX `Stats_ind_PGR` (`GameCounts`, `GameResult`, `Score`, `User`), INDEX `GameList_ind_PGR` (`User`, `CurrentOccupant`, `Game`, `Colour`), CONSTRAINT `Constr_PlayerGameRcd_User_fk` FOREIGN KEY `User_fk` (`User`) REFERENCES `User` (`UserID`) ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, CONSTRAINT `Constr_PlayerGameRcd_Game_fk` FOREIGN KEY `Game_fk` (`Game`) REFERENCES `Game` (`GameID`) ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE ) ENGINE=INNODB CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci The only column that is nullable is Notes, which is MEDIUMTEXT. This table presently has 33097 rows (which I appreciate is small as yet). Of these rows, only 61 have values in Notes. How much of an improvement might I see from, say, adding a new table to store the Notes column in and performing LEFT JOINs when necessary?

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• C++: Copy contructor: Use Getters or access member vars directly?

  - by cbrulak

  Have a simple container class: public Container { public: Container() {} Container(const Container& cont) //option 1 { SetMyString(cont.GetMyString()); } //OR Container(const Container& cont) //option 2 { m_str1 = cont.m_str1; } public string GetMyString() { return m_str1;} public void SetMyString(string str) { m_str1 = str;} private: string m_str1; } So, would you recommend this method or accessing the member variables directly? In the example, all code is inline, but in our real code there is no inline code. Update (29 Sept 09): Some of these answers are well written however they seem to get missing the point of this question: this is simple contrived example to discuss using getters/setters vs variables initializer lists or private validator functions are not really part of this question. I'm wondering if either design will make the code easier to maintain and expand. Some ppl are focusing on the string in this example however it is just an example, imagine it is a different object instead. I'm not concerned about performance. we're not programming on the PDP-11

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• Advice on Minimizing Stored Procedure Parameters

  - by RPM1984

  Hi Guys, I have an ASP.NET MVC Web Application that interacts with a SQL Server 2008 database via Entity Framework 4.0. On a particular page, i call a stored procedure in order to pull back some results based on selections on the UI. Now, the UI has around 20 different input selections, ranging from a textbox, dropdown list, checkboxes, etc. Each of those inputs are "grouped" into logical sections. Example: Search box : "Foo" Checkbox A1: ticked, Checkbox A2: unticked Dropdown A: option 3 selected Checkbox B1: ticked, Checkbox B2: ticked, Checkbox B3: unticked So i need to call the SPROC like this: exec SearchPage_FindResults @SearchQuery = 'Foo', @IncludeA1 = 1, @IncludeA2 = 0, @DropDownSelection = 3, @IncludeB1 = 1, @IncludeB2 = 1, @IncludeB3 = 0 The UI is not too important to this question - just wanted to give some perspective. Essentially, i'm pulling back results for a search query, filtering these results based on a bunch of (optional) selections a user can filter on. Now, My questions/queries: What's the best way to pass these parameters to the stored procedure? Are there any tricks/new ways (e.g SQL Server 2008) to do this? Special "table" parameters/arrays - can we pass through User-Defined-Types? Keep in mind im using Entity Framework 4.0 - but could always use classic ADO.NET for this if required. What about XML? What are the serialization/de-serialization costs here? Is it worth it? How about a parameter for each logical section? Comma-seperated perhaps? Just thinking out loud. This page is particulary important from a user point of view, and needs to perform really well. The stored procedure is already heavy in logic, so i want to minimize the performance implications - so keep that in mind. With that said - what is the best approach here?

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• Best way to update/insert into a table based on a remote table.

  - by martilyo

  I have two very large enterprise tables in an Oracle 10g database. One table keeps the historical information of the other table. The problem is, I'm getting to the point where the records are just too many that my insert update is taking too long and my session is getting killed by the governor. Here's a pseudocode of my update process: sqlsel := 'SELECT col1, col2, col3, sysdate FROM table2@remote_location dpi WHERE (col1, col2, col3) IN ( SELECT col1, col2, col3 FROM table2@remote_location MINUS SELECT DISTINCT col1, col2, col3 FROM table1 mpc WHERE facility = '''||load_facility||''' )'; EXECUTE IMMEDIATE sqlsel BULK COLLECT INTO table1; I've tried the MERGE statement: MERGE INTO table1 t1 USING ( SELECT col1, col2, col3 FROM table2@remote_location ) t2 ON ( t1.col1 = t2.col1 AND t1.col2 = t2.col2 AND t1.col3 = t2.col3 ) WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN INSERT (t1.col1, t1.col2, t1.col3, t1.update_dttm ) VALUES (t2.col1, t2.col2, t2.col3, sysdate ) But there seems to be a confirmed bug on versions prior to Oracle 10.2.0.4 on the merge statement when doing a merge using a remote database. The chance of getting an enterprise upgrade is slim so is there a way to further optimize my first query or write it in another way to have it run best performance wise? Thanks.

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• Why can't we just use a hash of passphrase as the encryption key (and IV) with symmetric encryption algorithms?

  - by TX_

  Inspired by my previous question, now I have a very interesting idea: Do you really ever need to use Rfc2898DeriveBytes or similar classes to "securely derive" the encryption key and initialization vector from the passphrase string, or will just a simple hash of that string work equally well as a key/IV, when encrypting the data with symmetric algorithm (e.g. AES, DES, etc.)? I see tons of AES encryption code snippets, where Rfc2898DeriveBytes class is used to derive the encryption key and initialization vector (IV) from the password string. It is assumed that one should use a random salt and a shitload of iterations to derive secure enough key/IV for the encryption. While deriving bytes from password string using this method is quite useful in some scenarios, I think that's not applicable when encrypting data with symmetric algorithms! Here is why: using salt makes sense when there is a possibility to build precalculated rainbow tables, and when attacker gets his hands on hash he looks up the original password as a result. But... with symmetric data encryption, I think this is not required, as the hash of password string, or the encryption key, is never stored anywhere. So, if we just get the SHA1 hash of password, and use it as the encryption key/IV, isn't that going to be equally secure? What is the purpose of using Rfc2898DeriveBytes class to generate key/IV from password string (which is a very very performance-intensive operation), when we could just use a SHA1 (or any other) hash of that password? Hash would result in random bit distribution in a key (as opposed to using string bytes directly). And attacker would have to brute-force the whole range of key (e.g. if key length is 256bit he would have to try 2^256 combinations) anyway. So either I'm wrong in a dangerous way, or all those samples of AES encryption (including many upvoted answers here at SO), etc. that use Rfc2898DeriveBytes method to generate encryption key and IV are just wrong.

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• UDP security and identifying incoming data.

  - by Charles

  I have been creating an application using UDP for transmitting and receiving information. The problem I am running into is security. Right now I am using the IP/socketid in determining what data belongs to whom. However, I have been reading about how people could simply spoof their IP, then just send data as a specific IP. So this seems to be the wrong way to do it (insecure). So how else am I suppose to identify what data belongs to what users? For instance you have 10 users connected, all have specific data. The server would need to match the user data to this data we received. The only way I can see to do this is to use some sort of client/server key system and encrypt the data. I am curious as to how other applications (or games, since that's what this application is) make sure their data is genuine. Also there is the fact that encryption takes much longer to process than unencrypted. Although I am not sure by how much it will affect performance. Any information would be appreciated. Thanks.

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• Array of Arrays - writing to File problem

  - by iFloh

  Hi, and again my array of arrays ... I try to improve my app performance by buffering arrays on file for later reuse. I have an NSMutableArray that contains about 30 NSMutableArrays with NSNumber, NSDate and NSString Objects. I try to write the file using this call: bool result = [myArray writeToFile:[fileMethods getFullPath:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"iEts%@.arr", [aDate shortDateString]]] atomically:NO]; = result = FALSE. The Path method is: + (NSString *) getFullPath:(NSString *)forFileName { NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES); NSString *documentsDirectory = [paths objectAtIndex:0]; return [documentsDirectory stringByAppendingPathComponent:forFileName]; } and the aDate call returns a shortDateString with ddMMyy. The NSLog NSLog(@"%@", [fileMethods getFullPath:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"iEts%@.arr", [aDate shortDateString]]]); on the path generation returns: /Users/me/Library/Application Support/iPhone Simulator/User/Applications/86729620-EC1D-4C10-A799-0C638BB27933/Documents/iEts010510.arr FURTHER: It must have something to do with the Array of Arrays, since I also write 3 further simple arrays (containing NSStrings) that all succeed. The Array of Arrays gets generated using the addObject method Any ideas what could cause the trouble?

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• Inline form editing on client side

  - by bykasif

  I see some web sites use dynamic forms(I am not sure about how to call them!) to edit a group of data. For example: there is a group of data such as name, last name, city, country.etc. when user clicks on EDIT button, instead of doing postback, a form, consisisting of 2 textboxes + 2 comboboxes, dynamically opens to edit,And then when you click on Save button, edit form disappears, and all data updates.. Now, I know what happens over here is using Ajax for server calls and some javascript for dom manipulation.. I even found some jquery plugins for textbox editing.. However, I could not found anything for full implementation of form fields. Therefore I have implemented it on asp.net by jquery ajax calls and dom manipulation manually. here is my process: 1) when Edit button clicked: Make a ajax call to server to retrieve necessary formedit.aspx 2) it returns editable form fields with values assigned. 3) when Save button clicked: make ajax call to server to retrieve formupdateprocess.aspx page. it basically do the database updates and then return necessary DOM snipplet (...) to insert current page.. well it works but MY PROBLEM, is performance.. Result seems slower than samples I see in other sites.:(( IS there anything that I dont know? a better way to implement this??

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• R optimization: How can I avoid a for loop in this situation?

  - by chrisamiller

  I'm trying to do a simple genomic track intersection in R, and running into major performance problems, probably related to my use of for loops. In this situation, I have pre-defined windows at intervals of 100bp and I'm trying to calculate how much of each window is covered by the annotations in mylist. Graphically, it looks something like this: 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 windows: |-----|-----|-----|-----|-----|-----| mylist: |-| |-----------| So I wrote some code to do just that, but it's fairly slow and has become a bottleneck in my code: ##window for each 100-bp segment windows <- numeric(6) ##second track mylist = vector("list") mylist[[1]] = c(1,20) mylist[[2]] = c(120,320) ##do the intersection for(i in 1:length(mylist)){ st <- floor(mylist[[i]][1]/100)+1 sp <- floor(mylist[[i]][2]/100)+1 for(j in st:sp){ b <- max((j-1)*100, mylist[[i]][1]) e <- min(j*100, mylist[[i]][2]) windows[j] <- windows[j] + e - b + 1 } } print(windows) [1] 20 81 101 21 0 0 Naturally, this is being used on data sets that are much larger than the example I provide here. Through some profiling, I can see that the bottleneck is in the for loops, but my clumsy attempt to vectorize it using *apply functions resulted in code that runs an order of magnitude more slowly. I suppose I could write something in C, but I'd like to avoid that if possible. Can anyone suggest another approach that will speed this calculation up?

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