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• Wireless network disabled

  - by neil delmonte

  After installing Ubuntu 11.04, my network has become disabled. Here is the output oflshw in terminal: *-network DISABLED description: Wireless interface product: BCM4312 802.11b/g LP-PHY vendor: Broadcom Corporation physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:02:00.0 logical name: eth1 version: 01 serial: 00:21:00:58:65:5f width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list ethernet physical wireless configuration: broadcast=yes driver=wl0 driverversion=5.100.82.38 latency=0 multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11bg resources: irq:17 memory:d4600000-d4603fff

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• how to know which standard does my Wi-Fi Connection using currently

  - by idgar

  My laptop has capabilities of 802.11n connection. with my previous router i could connect with more than 54Mb connection. now i have D-Link router and for some reason the maximum connection speed is 54Mb, which implying that the connection has established with 802.11g. how can i check which standard (g or n) has been established? is there any command that get that information? (nm-applet does not give any information about that at the connection information window).

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• Change authentication wifi WPA to WEP on Windows 8

  - by Kites

  I use netsh wlan set hostednetwork mode=allow ssid=Kites key=phambaoViet netsh wlan start hostednetwork To share WiFi from LAN network on laptop (Windows 8) to my other device. When I show information netsh wlan show hostednetwork the supported authentication is WPA. My device support authentication WEP only. How can I change the authentication to WEP? Infomation: Interface name: Wi-Fi Driver : Qualcomm Atheros AR9002WB-1NG Wireless Network A dapter Vendor : Qualcomm Atheros Communications Inc. Provider : Microsoft Date : 03/07/2012 Version : 3.0.0.130 INF file : C:\Windows\INF\netathrx.inf Files : 2 total C:\Windows\system32\DRIVERS\athrx.sys C:\Windows\system32\drivers\vwifibus.sys Type : Native Wi-Fi Driver Radio types supported : 802.11b 802.11g 802.11n FIPS 140-2 mode supported : Yes 802.11w Management Frame Protection supported : Yes Hosted network supported : Yes Authentication and cipher supported in infrastructure mode: Open None Open WEP-40bit Open WEP-104bit Open WEP WPA-Enterprise TKIP WPA-Personal TKIP WPA2-Enterprise TKIP WPA2-Personal TKIP Vendor defined TKIP WPA2-Enterprise Vendor defined Vendor defined Vendor defined WPA-Enterprise CCMP WPA-Personal CCMP WPA2-Enterprise CCMP Vendor defined CCMP WPA2-Enterprise Vendor defined Vendor defined Vendor defined WPA2-Personal CCMP Vendor defined Vendor defined Authentication and cipher supported in ad-hoc mode: Open None Open WEP-40bit Open WEP-104bit Open WEP WPA2-Personal CCMP Vendor defined Vendor defined

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• Atheros 922 PCI WIFI is disabled in Unity but enabled in terminal - How to get it to work?

  - by zewone

  I am trying to get my PCI Wireless Atheros 922 card to work. It is disabled in Unity: both the network utility and the desktop (see screenshot http://www.amisdurailhalanzy.be/Screenshot%20from%202012-10-25%2013:19:54.png) I tried many different advises on many different forums. Installed 12.10 instead of 12.04, enabled all interfaces... etc. I have read about the aht9 driver... The terminal shows no hw or sw lock for the Atheros card, nevertheless, it is still disabled. Nothing worked so far, the card is still disabled. Any help is much appreciated. Here are more tech details: myuser@adri1:~$ sudo lshw -C network *-network:0 DISABLED description: Wireless interface product: AR922X Wireless Network Adapter vendor: Atheros Communications Inc. physical id: 2 bus info: pci@0000:03:02.0 logical name: wlan1 version: 01 serial: 00:18:e7:cd:68:b1 width: 32 bits clock: 66MHz capabilities: pm bus_master cap_list ethernet physical wireless configuration: broadcast=yes driver=ath9k driverversion=3.5.0-17-generic firmware=N/A latency=168 link=no multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11bgn resources: irq:18 memory:d8000000-d800ffff *-network:1 description: Ethernet interface product: VT6105/VT6106S [Rhine-III] vendor: VIA Technologies, Inc. physical id: 6 bus info: pci@0000:03:06.0 logical name: eth0 version: 8b serial: 00:11:09:a3:76:4a size: 10Mbit/s capacity: 100Mbit/s width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm bus_master cap_list ethernet physical tp mii 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd autonegotiation configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=via-rhine driverversion=1.5.0 duplex=half latency=32 link=no maxlatency=8 mingnt=3 multicast=yes port=MII speed=10Mbit/s resources: irq:18 ioport:d300(size=256) memory:d8013000-d80130ff *-network DISABLED description: Wireless interface physical id: 1 bus info: usb@1:8.1 logical name: wlan0 serial: 00:11:09:51:75:36 capabilities: ethernet physical wireless configuration: broadcast=yes driver=rt2500usb driverversion=3.5.0-17-generic firmware=N/A link=no multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11bg myuser@adri1:~$ sudo rfkill list all 0: hci0: Bluetooth Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: no 1: phy1: Wireless LAN Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: yes 2: phy0: Wireless LAN Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: no myuser@adri1:~$ dmesg | grep wlan0 [ 15.114235] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): wlan0: link is not ready myuser@adri1:~$ dmesg | egrep 'ath|firm' [ 14.617562] ath: EEPROM regdomain: 0x30 [ 14.617568] ath: EEPROM indicates we should expect a direct regpair map [ 14.617572] ath: Country alpha2 being used: AM [ 14.617575] ath: Regpair used: 0x30 [ 14.637778] ieee80211 phy0: >Selected rate control algorithm 'ath9k_rate_control' [ 14.639410] Registered led device: ath9k-phy0 myuser@adri1:~$ dmesg | grep wlan1 [ 15.119922] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): wlan1: link is not ready myuser@adri1:~$ lspci -nn | grep 'Atheros' 03:02.0 Network controller [0280]: Atheros Communications Inc. AR922X Wireless Network Adapter [168c:0029] (rev 01) myuser@adri1:~$ sudo ifconfig eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:11:09:a3:76:4a inet addr:192.168.2.2 Bcast:192.168.2.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::211:9ff:fea3:764a/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:5457 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:2548 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:3425684 (3.4 MB) TX bytes:282192 (282.1 KB) lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:590 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:590 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:53729 (53.7 KB) TX bytes:53729 (53.7 KB) myuser@adri1:~$ sudo iwconfig wlan0 IEEE 802.11bg ESSID:off/any Mode:Managed Access Point: Not-Associated Tx-Power=off Retry long limit:7 RTS thr:off Fragment thr:off Encryption key:off Power Management:on lo no wireless extensions. eth0 no wireless extensions. wlan1 IEEE 802.11bgn ESSID:off/any Mode:Managed Access Point: Not-Associated Tx-Power=0 dBm Retry long limit:7 RTS thr:off Fragment thr:off Encryption key:off Power Management:off myuser@adri1:~$ lsmod | grep "ath9k" ath9k 116549 0 mac80211 461161 3 rt2x00usb,rt2x00lib,ath9k ath9k_common 13783 1 ath9k ath9k_hw 376155 2 ath9k,ath9k_common ath 19187 3 ath9k,ath9k_common,ath9k_hw cfg80211 175375 4 rt2x00lib,ath9k,mac80211,ath myuser@adri1:~$ iwlist scan wlan0 Failed to read scan data : Network is down lo Interface doesn't support scanning. eth0 Interface doesn't support scanning. wlan1 Failed to read scan data : Network is down myuser@adri1:~$ lsb_release -d Description: Ubuntu 12.10 myuser@adri1:~$ uname -mr 3.5.0-17-generic i686  Any help much appreciated... Thanks, Philippe 31-10-2012 ... I have some more updates. When I do the following command it does see my Wifi router... So even if it is still disabled... the card seems to work and see the router (ESSID:"5791BC26-CE9C-11D1-97BF-0000F81E") See below: sudo iwlist wlan1 scanning wlan1 Scan completed : Cell 01 - Address: 00:19:70:8F:B0:EA Channel:10 Frequency:2.457 GHz (Channel 10) Quality=51/70 Signal level=-59 dBm Encryption key:on ESSID:"5791BC26-CE9C-11D1-97BF-0000F81E" Bit Rates:1 Mb/s; 2 Mb/s; 5.5 Mb/s; 11 Mb/s; 6 Mb/s 9 Mb/s; 12 Mb/s; 18 Mb/s Bit Rates:24 Mb/s; 36 Mb/s; 48 Mb/s; 54 Mb/s Mode:Master Extra:tsf=000000025dbf2188 Extra: Last beacon: 108ms ago IE: Unknown: 002035373931424332362D434539432D313144312D393742462D3030303046383145 IE: Unknown: 010882848B960C121824 IE: Unknown: 03010A IE: Unknown: 0706424520010D14 IE: IEEE 802.11i/WPA2 Version 1 Group Cipher : TKIP Pairwise Ciphers (2) : CCMP TKIP Authentication Suites (1) : PSK IE: Unknown: 2A0100 IE: Unknown: 32043048606C IE: Unknown: DD180050F2020101030003A4000027A4000042435E0062322F00 IE: Unknown: DD0900037F01010000FF7F IE: Unknown: DD0A00037F04010000000000

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• Can't control connection bit rate using iwconfig with Atheros TL-WN821N (AR7010)

  - by Paul H

  I'm trying to reduce the connection bit rate on my Atheros TP-Link TL-WN821N v3 usb wifi adapter due to frequent instability issues (reported connection speed goes down to 1Mb/s and I have to physically reconnect the adapter to regain a connection). I know this is a common problem with this device, and I have tried everything I can think of to fix it, including using drivers from linux-backports; compiling and installing a custom firmware (following instructions on https://wiki.debian.org/ath9k_htc#fw-free) and (as a last resort) using ndiswrapper. When using ndiswrapper, the wifi adapter is stable and operates in g mode at 54Mb/s (whilst when using the default ath9k_htc module, the adapter connects in n mode and the bit rate fluctuates constantly). Unfortunately, with this setup I have to run my processor using only one core, since using SMP with ndiswrapper causes a kernel oops on my system. So I want to lock my bit rate to 54Mb/s (or less, if need be) for connection stability, using the ath9k_htc module. I've tried 'sudo iwconfig wlan0 rate 54M'; the command runs with no error but when I check the bit rate with 'sudo iwlist wlan0 bitrate' the command returns: wlan0 unknown bit-rate information. Current Bit Rate:78 Mb/s Any ideas? Here's some info (hopefully relevant) on my setup: Xubuntu (12.04.3) 64bit (kernel 3.2.0-55.85-generic) using Network Manager. My Router is from Virgin Media, the VMDG480. lshw -C network : *-network description: Wireless interface physical id: 1 bus info: usb@1:4 logical name: wlan0 serial: 74:ea:3a:8f:16:b6 capabilities: ethernet physical wireless configuration: broadcast=yes driver=ath9k_htc driverversion=3.2.0-55 firmware=1.3 ip=192.168.0.9 link=yes multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11bgn lsusb -v: Bus 001 Device 003: ID 0cf3:7015 Atheros Communications, Inc. TP-Link TL-WN821N v3 802.11n [Atheros AR7010+AR9287] Device Descriptor: bLength 18 bDescriptorType 1 bcdUSB 2.00 bDeviceClass 255 Vendor Specific Class bDeviceSubClass 255 Vendor Specific Subclass bDeviceProtocol 255 Vendor Specific Protocol bMaxPacketSize0 64 idVendor 0x0cf3 Atheros Communications, Inc. idProduct 0x7015 TP-Link TL-WN821N v3 802.11n [Atheros AR7010+AR9287] bcdDevice 2.02 iManufacturer 16 ATHEROS iProduct 32 UB95 iSerial 48 12345 bNumConfigurations 1 Configuration Descriptor: bLength 9 bDescriptorType 2 wTotalLength 60 bNumInterfaces 1 bConfigurationValue 1 iConfiguration 0 bmAttributes 0x80 (Bus Powered) MaxPower 500mA Interface Descriptor: bLength 9 bDescriptorType 4 bInterfaceNumber 0 bAlternateSetting 0 bNumEndpoints 6 bInterfaceClass 255 Vendor Specific Class bInterfaceSubClass 0 bInterfaceProtocol 0 iInterface 0 Endpoint Descriptor: bLength 7 bDescriptorType 5 bEndpointAddress 0x01 EP 1 OUT bmAttributes 2 Transfer Type Bulk Synch Type None Usage Type Data wMaxPacketSize 0x0200 1x 512 bytes bInterval 0 Endpoint Descriptor: bLength 7 bDescriptorType 5 bEndpointAddress 0x82 EP 2 IN bmAttributes 2 Transfer Type Bulk Synch Type None Usage Type Data wMaxPacketSize 0x0200 1x 512 bytes bInterval 0 Endpoint Descriptor: bLength 7 bDescriptorType 5 bEndpointAddress 0x83 EP 3 IN bmAttributes 3 Transfer Type Interrupt Synch Type None Usage Type Data wMaxPacketSize 0x0040 1x 64 bytes bInterval 1 Endpoint Descriptor: bLength 7 bDescriptorType 5 bEndpointAddress 0x04 EP 4 OUT bmAttributes 3 Transfer Type Interrupt Synch Type None Usage Type Data wMaxPacketSize 0x0040 1x 64 bytes bInterval 1 Endpoint Descriptor: bLength 7 bDescriptorType 5 bEndpointAddress 0x05 EP 5 OUT bmAttributes 2 Transfer Type Bulk Synch Type None Usage Type Data wMaxPacketSize 0x0200 1x 512 bytes bInterval 0 Endpoint Descriptor: bLength 7 bDescriptorType 5 bEndpointAddress 0x06 EP 6 OUT bmAttributes 2 Transfer Type Bulk Synch Type None Usage Type Data wMaxPacketSize 0x0200 1x 512 bytes bInterval 0 Device Qualifier (for other device speed): bLength 10 bDescriptorType 6 bcdUSB 2.00 bDeviceClass 255 Vendor Specific Class bDeviceSubClass 255 Vendor Specific Subclass bDeviceProtocol 255 Vendor Specific Protocol bMaxPacketSize0 64 bNumConfigurations 1 Device Status: 0x0000 (Bus Powered) iwlist wlan0 scanning: wlan0 Scan completed : Cell 01 - Address: C4:3D:C7:3A:1F:5D Channel:1 Frequency:2.412 GHz (Channel 1) Quality=37/70 Signal level=-73 dBm Encryption key:on ESSID:"my essid" Bit Rates:1 Mb/s; 2 Mb/s; 5.5 Mb/s; 11 Mb/s; 18 Mb/s 24 Mb/s; 36 Mb/s; 54 Mb/s Bit Rates:6 Mb/s; 9 Mb/s; 12 Mb/s; 48 Mb/s Mode:Master Extra:tsf=00000070cca77186 Extra: Last beacon: 5588ms ago IE: Unknown: 0007756E69636F726E IE: Unknown: 010882848B962430486C IE: Unknown: 030101 IE: Unknown: 2A0100 IE: Unknown: 2F0100 IE: IEEE 802.11i/WPA2 Version 1 Group Cipher : TKIP Pairwise Ciphers (2) : CCMP TKIP Authentication Suites (1) : PSK IE: Unknown: 32040C121860 IE: Unknown: 2D1AFC181BFFFF000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 IE: Unknown: 3D1601080400000000000000000000000000000000000000 IE: Unknown: DD7E0050F204104A0001101044000102103B00010310470010F99C335D7BAC57FB00137DFA79600220102100074E657467656172102300074E6574676561721024000631323334353610420007303030303030311054000800060050F20400011011000743473331303144100800022008103C0001011049000600372A000120 IE: Unknown: DD090010180203F02C0000 IE: WPA Version 1 Group Cipher : TKIP Pairwise Ciphers (2) : CCMP TKIP Authentication Suites (1) : PSK IE: Unknown: DD180050F2020101800003A4000027A4000042435E0062322F00 iwconfig: lo no wireless extensions. wlan0 IEEE 802.11bgn ESSID:"my essid" Mode:Managed Frequency:2.412 GHz Access Point: C4:3D:C7:3A:1F:5D Bit Rate=78 Mb/s Tx-Power=20 dBm Retry long limit:7 RTS thr:off Fragment thr:off Power Management:off Link Quality=36/70 Signal level=-74 dBm Rx invalid nwid:0 Rx invalid crypt:0 Rx invalid frag:0 Tx excessive retries:0 Invalid misc:0 Missed beacon:0,

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• Again WPA Connection problem even after changed to latest version ..please help

  - by Renjith G

  I am using hostapd, wireless tools with madwifi for my wireless ap in my board. The WEP, WPA-PSK connections and communications between my board with linux and my desktop PC, Windows XP SP2 (with Olitec USB wireless) are fine. But when I configured the WPA type, the connection seems established but shows the status "TKIP - Key Absent" in the security dialog box. Anyone faced this problem? Am attaching the conf files and the connection status. In the AP side am complaining . I am using the in built radius server conf with the hostapd 0.4.7 hostapd.conf interface=ath0 driver=madwifi logger_syslog=0 logger_syslog_level=0 logger_stdout=0 logger_stdout_level=0 debug=0 eapol_key_index_workaround=1 dump_file=/tmp/hostapd.dump.0.0 ssid=Renjith G wpa wpa=1 wpa_passphrase=mypassphrase wpa_key_mgmt=WPA-EAP wpa_pairwise=TKIP CCMP wpa_group_rekey=600 macaddr_acl=2 /* commented */ ieee8021x=1 /* commented */ eap_authenticator=1 own_ip_addr=172.16.25.1 nas_identifier=renjithg.com auth_server_addr=172.16.25.1 auth_server_port=1812 auth_server_shared_secret=key1 ca_cert=/flash1/ca.crt server_cert=/flash1/server.crt eap_user_file=/etc/hostapd.eap_user hostapd.eap_user "*@renjithg.com" TLS And the commands am using are wlanconfig ath0 create wlandev wifi0 wlanmode ap iwconfig ath0 essid Renjith channel 6 ifconfig ath0 192.168.25.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 up hostapd -ddd /etc/hostapd.conf Please correct if am wrong .. Also am getting the debug messages on my AP when am connecting in my windows machine through WPA ~/wlanexe # ./hostapd -ddd /etc/hostapd.conf Configuration file: /etc/hostapd.conf Line 18: obsolete eap_authenticator used; this has been renamed to eap_server madwifi_set_iface_flags: dev_up=0 Using interface ath0 with hwaddr 00:0b:6b:33:8c:30 and ssid 'Renjith G wpa' madwifi_set_ieee8021x: enabled=1 madwifi_configure_wpa: group key cipher=1 madwifi_configure_wpa: pairwise key ciphers=0xa madwifi_configure_wpa: key management algorithms=0x1 madwifi_configure_wpa: rsn capabilities=0x0 madwifi_configure_wpa: enable WPA= 0x1 madwifi_set_iface_flags: dev_up=1 madwifi_set_privacy: enabled=1 WPA: group state machine entering state GTK_INIT GMK - hexdump(len=32): 9c 77 cd 38 5a 60 3b 16 8a 22 90 e8 65 b3 c2 86 40 5c be c3 dd 84 3e df 58 1d 16 61 1d 13 d1 f2 GTK - hexdump(len=32): 02 78 d7 d3 5d 15 e3 89 9c 62 a8 fe 8a 0f 40 28 ba dc cd bc 07 f4 59 88 1c 08 84 2b 49 3d e2 32 WPA: group state machine entering state SETKEYSDONE madwifi_set_key: alg=TKIP addr=00:00:00:00:00:00 key_idx=1 Flushing old station entries madwifi_sta_deauth: addr=ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff reason_code=3 Deauthenticate all stations l2_packet_receive - recvfrom: Network is down Wireless event: cmd=0x8c03 len=20 New STA WPA: 00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 WPA_PTK entering state INITIALIZE madwifi_del_key: addr=00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 key_idx=0 WPA: 00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 WPA_PTK_GROUP entering state IDLE WPA: 00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 WPA_PTK entering state AUTHENTICATION WPA: 00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 WPA_PTK entering state AUTHENTICATION2 IEEE 802.1X: 4 bytes from 00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 IEEE 802.1X: version=1 type=1 length=0 Wireless event: cmd=0x8c04 len=20 madwifi_del_key: addr=00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 key_idx=0 ioctl[unknown???]: Invalid argument WPA: 00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 WPA_PTK entering state DISCONNECTED WPA: 00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 WPA_PTK entering state INITIALIZE madwifi_del_key: addr=00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 key_idx=0 ioctl[unknown???]: Invalid argument Wireless event: cmd=0x8c03 len=20 New STA WPA: 00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 WPA_PTK entering state INITIALIZE madwifi_del_key: addr=00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 key_idx=0 WPA: 00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 WPA_PTK_GROUP entering state IDLE WPA: 00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 WPA_PTK entering state AUTHENTICATION WPA: 00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 WPA_PTK entering state AUTHENTICATION2 IEEE 802.1X: 4 bytes from 00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 IEEE 802.1X: version=1 type=1 length=0 < Register Fail < Register Fail Wireless event: cmd=0x8c04 len=20 madwifi_del_key: addr=00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 key_idx=0 ioctl[unknown???]: Invalid argument WPA: 00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 WPA_PTK entering state DISCONNECTED WPA: 00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 WPA_PTK entering state INITIALIZE madwifi_del_key: addr=00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 key_idx=0 ioctl[unknown???]: Invalid argument Wireless event: cmd=0x8c03 len=20 New STA WPA: 00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 WPA_PTK entering state INITIALIZE madwifi_del_key: addr=00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 key_idx=0 WPA: 00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 WPA_PTK_GROUP entering state IDLE WPA: 00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 WPA_PTK entering state AUTHENTICATION WPA: 00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 WPA_PTK entering state AUTHENTICATION2 IEEE 802.1X: 4 bytes from 00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 IEEE 802.1X: version=1 type=1 length=0 NOW am getting the following error message with latest tools. *This is the latest error messages..please refer this only..* ~/wlanexe # ./hostapd -ddd /etc/hostapd.conf TLS: Trusted root certificate(s) loaded madwifi_set_iface_flags: dev_up=0 madwifi_set_privacy: enabled=0 BSS count 1, BSSID mask ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff (0 bits) Flushing old station entries madwifi_sta_deauth: addr=ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff reason_code=3 ioctl[IEEE80211_IOCTL_SETMLME]: Invalid argument madwifi_sta_deauth: Failed to deauth STA (addr ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff reason 3) Could not connect to kernel driver. Deauthenticate all stations madwifi_sta_deauth: addr=ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff reason_code=2 ioctl[IEEE80211_IOCTL_SETMLME]: Invalid argument madwifi_sta_deauth: Failed to deauth STA (addr ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff reason 2) madwifi_set_privacy: enabled=0 madwifi_del_key: addr=00:00:00:00:00:00 key_idx=0 madwifi_del_key: addr=00:00:00:00:00:00 key_idx=1 madwifi_del_key: addr=00:00:00:00:00:00 key_idx=2 madwifi_del_key: addr=00:00:00:00:00:00 key_idx=3 Using interface ath0 with hwaddr 00:0b:6b:33:8c:30 and ssid 'RenjithGwpa' SSID - hexdump_ascii(len=11): 52 65 6e 6a 69 74 68 47 77 70 61 RenjithGwpa PSK (ASCII passphrase) - hexdump_ascii(len=12): 6d 79 70 61 73 73 70 68 72 61 73 65 mypassphrase PSK (from passphrase) - hexdump(len=32): a6 55 3e 76 94 8b d9 81 a1 22 5e 24 29 83 33 86 11 a8 7e 93 19 7c a9 ab ab cc 12 58 37 e5 35 b6 RADIUS local address: 172.16.25.1:1024 madwifi_set_ieee8021x: enabled=1 madwifi_configure_wpa: group key cipher=1 madwifi_configure_wpa: pairwise key ciphers=0xa madwifi_configure_wpa: key management algorithms=0x1 madwifi_configure_wpa: rsn capabilities=0x0 madwifi_configure_wpa: enable WPA=0x1 WPA: group state machine entering state GTK_INIT (VLAN-ID 0) GMK - hexdump(len=32): [REMOVED] GTK - hexdump(len=32): [REMOVED] WPA: group state machine entering state SETKEYSDONE (VLAN-ID 0) madwifi_set_key: alg=TKIP addr=00:00:00:00:00:00 key_idx=1 madwifi_set_privacy: enabled=1 madwifi_set_iface_flags: dev_up=1 ath0: Setup of interface done. l2_packet_receive - recvfrom: Network is down Wireless event: cmd=0x8b1a len=24 Wireless event: cmd=0x8c03 len=20 New STA ioctl[unknown???]: Invalid argument madwifi_process_wpa_ie: Failed to get WPA/RSN IE Failed to get WPA/RSN information element. Data frame from not associated STA 00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 Wireless event: cmd=0x8c04 len=20 Wireless event: cmd=0x8c03 len=20 New STA ioctl[unknown???]: Invalid argument madwifi_process_wpa_ie: Failed to get WPA/RSN IE Failed to get WPA/RSN information element. Data frame from not associated STA 00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 Data frame from not associated STA 00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 Data frame from not associated STA 00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 Wireless event: cmd=0x8c04 len=20 Wireless event: cmd=0x8c03 len=20 New STA ioctl[unknown???]: Invalid argument madwifi_process_wpa_ie: Failed to get WPA/RSN IE Failed to get WPA/RSN information element. Data frame from not associated STA 00:0a:78:a0:0b:09

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• Missing Wireless access point

  - by nvcnvn

  I have an: Ubuntu 12.04 with proprietary Boardcom STA Wireless driver installed BCM43224 802.11a/b/g/n wireless card TP-LINK TD-W8101G 54Mbps Wireless ADSL2+ Modem Router Yesterday before I went to sleep, I still connect to my wireless access point, this morning when I start my laptop I don't see it in the list - there are some neighbors listed but not mine. The WLAN is green, with my old Nokia E72, I still see my access point with 100% signal. I have tried to restart my laptop and turn the firmware off/on by the switch but no help. I have read the WirelessTroubleShootingGuide but I can do anything. Here is some of my card info: *-network description: Wireless interface product: BCM43224 802.11a/b/g/n vendor: Broadcom Corporation physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:04:00.0 logical name: eth1 version: 01 serial: c0:cb:38:06:5d:53 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list ethernet physical wireless configuration: broadcast=yes driver=wl0 driverversion=5.100.82.38 latency=0 multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11abgn resources: irq:17 memory:f0500000-f0503fff *-network description: Ethernet interface product: RTL8111/8168B PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller vendor: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:09:00.0 logical name: eth0 version: 03 serial: f0:4d:a2:42:ab:e4 size: 100Mbit/s capacity: 1Gbit/s width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress msix vpd bus_master cap_list rom ethernet physical tp mii 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd 1000bt 1000bt-fd autonegotiation configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=r8169 driverversion=2.3LK-NAPI duplex=full firmware=rtl_nic/rtl8168d-1.fw ip=192.168.1.3 latency=0 link=yes multicast=yes port=MII speed=100Mbit/s resources: irq:42 ioport:5000(size=256) memory:f0404000-f0404fff memory:f0400000-f0403fff memory:f0420000-f043ffff

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• iPod Touch G4 disconnects from Belkin N+ Router at random intervals

  - by leeand00

  I have an iPod Touch G4 and a Belkin N+ Router F5D8235-4 v2, and for some reason the iPod Touch disconnects from the router at random intervals. Checking the settings in the iPod, it will read that it is still connected to the router, but before I can access the internet again, I have to turn on Airplane mode and then turn it off again to get any program to work with the Internet again. I've tried upgrading the firmware in the router, but that also doesn't seem to help. I'm using the wiresless mode 802.11b&802.11g&802.11n in the 20/40MHz frequency. Is there any way of fixing this issue? It doesn't happen with any of the other devices that are connected to the router. This post has been cross-posted here

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• How to fix a Broadcom 43224 (rev. 01) in ubuntu 12.10, running on a macbook pro 6,2?

  - by Eduardo Bezerra

  I've googled for 3 days so far, with no success, so I'll be straightforward: How do you get it to work? this is the output for lspci -v: 03:00.0 Network controller: Broadcom Corporation BCM43224 802.11a/b/g/n (rev 01) Subsystem: Apple Inc. Device 0093 Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 17 Memory at c1b00000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K] Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: bcma-pci-bridge Kernel modules: bcma for uname -a: Linux fury 3.5.0-17-generic #28-Ubuntu SMP Tue Oct 9 19:31:23 UTC 2012 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux I've tried with bcmwl-kernel-source, firmware-b43-installer and now I'm out of ideas. Can someone help me? This is driving me insane! EDIT: for lspci -nn | grep 0280: 03:00.0 Network controller [0280]: Broadcom Corporation BCM43224 802.11a/b/g/n [14e4:4353] (rev 01) I can see the networks available, but when I try to connect, it gets stuck in a loop: tries to connect, fails, tries again, fails again and so on... EDIT 2: After a long break from this problem, I've just run a few tests again and found out that, although my macbuntu still fails to connect to my home wi-fi network, it works just fine at my university... Does that help in anyway? My home network is managed by a dual-band (2.4Ghz and 5Ghz) 802.11n cisco e4200 wi-fi router.

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• Router's ssid changes from infrastructure to ad-hoc

  - by waldo

  For a period of time the router's ssid is shown (on various computers) as a normal infrastructure network - computers connect fine and everything works however after a few minutes / hours all computers see the same ssid as an ad-hoc network (not infrastructure). At this point a computer that was already connected continues to work - a computer that isn't cannot connect. Rebooting the router temporarily restores the visibility of the correct infrastructure ssid. Is something interfering? Connecting computers: macbook (2009), iphone 3g, windows vista desktop, windows xp desktop. Details: - D-Link DSL-2740B router set to WPA2-PSK (Personal) - Enable Wireless : Yes - Wireless Network Name (SSID) : ###### - Country : Australia - Wireless Channel : 1 - 802.11 Mode : Mixed 802.11n, 802.11g and 802.11b - Channel Width : Auto 20/40 MHz - Transmission Rate : Best (automatic) - Hide Wireless Network : No - Group Key Update Interval : 0 (seconds)

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• Struggles to connect to network when using WPA with a BCM43225

  - by pst007x

  When booting my laptop, it will try to connect to my wireless network, however a window keeps popping up asking me for my security password, which has already been saved. I have to keep deleting my network settings, and reconnecting, otherwise it keeps failing to connect. My wireless is set up with a WPA, I do not want to lower my security because of this, but it is a pain and can take me 15mins plus to finally connect. The problem has only become apparent since a fresh install of 11.10. IPV6 disabled. System info: 01:00.0 Ethernet controller: Broadcom Corporation NetLink BCM57780 Gigabit Ethernet PCIe (rev 01) Subsystem: Acer Incorporated [ALI] Device 036d Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 43 Memory at b3400000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=64K] Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: tg3 Kernel modules: tg3 02:00.0 Network controller: Broadcom Corporation BCM43225 802.11b/g/n (rev 01) Subsystem: Broadcom Corporation Device 04da Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 17 Memory at b2400000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K] Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: brcmsmac Kernel modules: wl, brcmsmac ADDITIONAL: In terminal I get this: pst007x@pst007x-ubuntu64:~$ nm-applet start ** Message: applet now removed from the notification area ** (nm-applet:2816): DEBUG: old state indicates that this was not a disconnect 0 ** Message: using fallback from indicator to GtkStatusIcon ** Message: applet now embedded in the notification area ** Message: No keyring secrets found for Auto Access 01/802-11-wireless-security; asking user. ** (nm-applet:2816): DEBUG: foo_client_state_changed_cb Note this line: ** Message: No keyring secrets found for Auto Access 01/802-11-wireless-security; asking user. At this point is where I am asked for the password. Please report WPA issues with Ubuntu 11.10 here: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/network-manager/+bug/892727

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• Schizophrenic Ubuntu 12.10-12.04: Atheros 922 PCI WIFI is disabled in Unity but enabled in terminal - How to getit to work?

  - by zewone

  I am trying to get my PCI Wireless Atheros 922 card to work. It is disabled in Unity: both the network utility and the desktop (see screenshot http://www.amisdurailhalanzy.be/Screenshot%20from%202012-10-25%2013:19:54.png) I tried many different advises on many different forums. Installed 12.10 instead of 12.04, enabled all interfaces... etc. I have read about the aht9 driver... The terminal shows no hw or sw lock for the Atheros card, nevertheless, it is still disabled. Nothing worked so far, the card is still disabled. Any help is much appreciated. Here are more tech details: myuser@adri1:~$ sudo lshw -C network *-network:0 DISABLED description: Wireless interface product: AR922X Wireless Network Adapter vendor: Atheros Communications Inc. physical id: 2 bus info: pci@0000:03:02.0 logical name: wlan1 version: 01 serial: 00:18:e7:cd:68:b1 width: 32 bits clock: 66MHz capabilities: pm bus_master cap_list ethernet physical wireless configuration: broadcast=yes driver=ath9k driverversion=3.5.0-17-generic firmware=N/A latency=168 link=no multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11bgn resources: irq:18 memory:d8000000-d800ffff *-network:1 description: Ethernet interface product: VT6105/VT6106S [Rhine-III] vendor: VIA Technologies, Inc. physical id: 6 bus info: pci@0000:03:06.0 logical name: eth0 version: 8b serial: 00:11:09:a3:76:4a size: 10Mbit/s capacity: 100Mbit/s width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm bus_master cap_list ethernet physical tp mii 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd autonegotiation configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=via-rhine driverversion=1.5.0 duplex=half latency=32 link=no maxlatency=8 mingnt=3 multicast=yes port=MII speed=10Mbit/s resources: irq:18 ioport:d300(size=256) memory:d8013000-d80130ff *-network DISABLED description: Wireless interface physical id: 1 bus info: usb@1:8.1 logical name: wlan0 serial: 00:11:09:51:75:36 capabilities: ethernet physical wireless configuration: broadcast=yes driver=rt2500usb driverversion=3.5.0-17-generic firmware=N/A link=no multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11bg myuser@adri1:~$ sudo rfkill list all 0: hci0: Bluetooth Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: no 1: phy1: Wireless LAN Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: yes 2: phy0: Wireless LAN Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: no myuser@adri1:~$ dmesg | grep wlan0 [ 15.114235] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): wlan0: link is not ready myuser@adri1:~$ dmesg | egrep 'ath|firm' [ 14.617562] ath: EEPROM regdomain: 0x30 [ 14.617568] ath: EEPROM indicates we should expect a direct regpair map [ 14.617572] ath: Country alpha2 being used: AM [ 14.617575] ath: Regpair used: 0x30 [ 14.637778] ieee80211 phy0: >Selected rate control algorithm 'ath9k_rate_control' [ 14.639410] Registered led device: ath9k-phy0 myuser@adri1:~$ dmesg | grep wlan1 [ 15.119922] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): wlan1: link is not ready myuser@adri1:~$ lspci -nn | grep 'Atheros' 03:02.0 Network controller [0280]: Atheros Communications Inc. AR922X Wireless Network Adapter [168c:0029] (rev 01) myuser@adri1:~$ sudo ifconfig eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:11:09:a3:76:4a inet addr:192.168.2.2 Bcast:192.168.2.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::211:9ff:fea3:764a/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:5457 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:2548 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:3425684 (3.4 MB) TX bytes:282192 (282.1 KB) lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:590 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:590 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:53729 (53.7 KB) TX bytes:53729 (53.7 KB) myuser@adri1:~$ sudo iwconfig wlan0 IEEE 802.11bg ESSID:off/any Mode:Managed Access Point: Not-Associated Tx-Power=off Retry long limit:7 RTS thr:off Fragment thr:off Encryption key:off Power Management:on lo no wireless extensions. eth0 no wireless extensions. wlan1 IEEE 802.11bgn ESSID:off/any Mode:Managed Access Point: Not-Associated Tx-Power=0 dBm Retry long limit:7 RTS thr:off Fragment thr:off Encryption key:off Power Management:off myuser@adri1:~$ lsmod | grep "ath9k" ath9k 116549 0 mac80211 461161 3 rt2x00usb,rt2x00lib,ath9k ath9k_common 13783 1 ath9k ath9k_hw 376155 2 ath9k,ath9k_common ath 19187 3 ath9k,ath9k_common,ath9k_hw cfg80211 175375 4 rt2x00lib,ath9k,mac80211,ath myuser@adri1:~$ iwlist scan wlan0 Failed to read scan data : Network is down lo Interface doesn't support scanning. eth0 Interface doesn't support scanning. wlan1 Failed to read scan data : Network is down myuser@adri1:~$ lsb_release -d Description: Ubuntu 12.10 myuser@adri1:~$ uname -mr 3.5.0-17-generic i686  Any help much appreciated... Thanks, Philippe

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• Randomely loosing wireless connexion with Cubuntu 12.04

  - by statquant

  I am presently experiencing random disconnections from my wireless network. It looks like it is more and more frequent (however I have not seen any clear pattern). This is killing me... Here is some information that should help (from ubuntu forums). Thanks for reading Machine : Acer Aspire S3 statquant@euclide:~$ lsb_release -d Description: Ubuntu 12.04.1 LTS statquant@euclide:~$ uname -mr 3.2.0-33-generic x86_64 statquant@euclide:~$ sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart * Running /etc/init.d/networking restart is deprecated because it may not enable again some interfaces * Reconfiguring network interfaces... statquant@euclide:~$ lspci 02:00.0 Network controller: Atheros Communications Inc. AR9485 Wireless Network Adapter (rev 01) statquant@euclide:~$ lsusb Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 001 Device 002: ID 8087:0024 Intel Corp. Integrated Rate Matching Hub Bus 002 Device 002: ID 8087:0024 Intel Corp. Integrated Rate Matching Hub Bus 001 Device 004: ID 064e:c321 Suyin Corp. Bus 002 Device 003: ID 0bda:0129 Realtek Semiconductor Corp. statquant@euclide:~$ ifconfig wlan0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 74:de:2b:dd:c4:78 inet addr:192.168.1.3 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::76de:2bff:fedd:c478/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:913 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:802 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:873218 (873.2 KB) TX bytes:125826 (125.8 KB) statquant@euclide:~$ iwconfig wlan0 IEEE 802.11bgn ESSID:"Bbox-D646D1" Mode:Managed Frequency:2.437 GHz Access Point: 00:19:70:80:01:6C Bit Rate=65 Mb/s Tx-Power=16 dBm Retry long limit:7 RTS thr:off Fragment thr:off Power Management:on Link Quality=56/70 Signal level=-54 dBm Rx invalid nwid:0 Rx invalid crypt:0 Rx invalid frag:0 Tx excessive retries:0 Invalid misc:71 Missed beacon:0 statquant@euclide:~$ dmesg | grep "wlan" [ 17.495866] ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): wlan0: link is not ready [ 17.498950] ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): wlan0: link is not ready [ 20.072015] wlan0: authenticate with 00:19:70:80:01:6c (try 1) [ 20.269853] wlan0: authenticate with 00:19:70:80:01:6c (try 2) [ 20.272386] wlan0: authenticated [ 20.298682] wlan0: associate with 00:19:70:80:01:6c (try 1) [ 20.302321] wlan0: RX AssocResp from 00:19:70:80:01:6c (capab=0x431 status=0 aid=1) [ 20.302325] wlan0: associated [ 20.307307] ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): wlan0: link becomes ready [ 30.402292] wlan0: no IPv6 routers present statquant@euclide:~$ sudo lshw -C network [sudo] password for statquant: *-network description: Wireless interface product: AR9485 Wireless Network Adapter vendor: Atheros Communications Inc. physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:02:00.0 logical name: wlan0 version: 01 serial: 74:de:2b:dd:c4:78 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list rom ethernet physical wireless configuration: broadcast=yes driver=ath9k driverversion=3.2.0-33-generic firmware=N/A ip=192.168.1.3 latency=0 link=yes multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11bgn resources: irq:17 memory:c0400000-c047ffff memory:afb00000-afb0ffff statquant@euclide:~$ iwlist scan wlan0 Scan completed : Cell 01 - Address: 00:19:70:80:01:6C Channel:6 Frequency:2.437 GHz (Channel 6) Quality=56/70 Signal level=-54 dBm Encryption key:on ESSID:"Bbox-D646D1" Bit Rates:1 Mb/s; 2 Mb/s; 5.5 Mb/s; 11 Mb/s; 6 Mb/s 9 Mb/s; 12 Mb/s; 18 Mb/s Bit Rates:24 Mb/s; 36 Mb/s; 48 Mb/s; 54 Mb/s Mode:Master Extra:tsf=000000125fb152bb Extra: Last beacon: 40020ms ago IE: Unknown: 000B42626F782D443634364431 IE: Unknown: 010882848B960C121824 IE: Unknown: 030106 IE: IEEE 802.11i/WPA2 Version 1 Group Cipher : TKIP Pairwise Ciphers (2) : CCMP TKIP Authentication Suites (1) : PSK IE: WPA Version 1 Group Cipher : TKIP Pairwise Ciphers (2) : CCMP TKIP Authentication Suites (1) : PSK IE: Unknown: 2A0100 IE: Unknown: 32043048606C IE: Unknown: DD180050F2020101820003A4000027A4000042435E0062322F00 IE: Unknown: 2D1A4C101BFF00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 IE: Unknown: 3D1606080800000000000000000000000000000000000000 IE: Unknown: DD0900037F01010000FF7F IE: Unknown: DD0A00037F04010000000000 And... finally, please note that I did the following (after looking for fixes of similar problems), but unfortunately it did not work sudo modprobe -r iwlwifi sudo modprobe iwlwifi 11n_disable=1

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• trying to setup wireless

  - by JohnMerlino

  I'm trying to set up wireless on vostro 1520 dell laptop, with latest Ubuntu install. Here's the output of some of the commands that I was told to run: lshw -C network viggy@ubuntu:~$ lshw -C network WARNING: you should run this program as super-user. *-network description: Ethernet interface product: RTL8111/8168B PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller vendor: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:08:00.0 logical name: eth0 version: 03 serial: 00:24:e8:da:84:25 size: 100Mbit/s capacity: 1Gbit/s width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: bus_master cap_list rom ethernet physical tp mii 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd 1000bt 1000bt-fd autonegotiation configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=r8169 driverversion=2.3LK-NAPI duplex=full firmware=rtl_nic/rtl8168d-1.fw ip=192.168.2.6 latency=0 multicast=yes port=MII speed=100Mbit/s resources: irq:47 ioport:3000(size=256) memory:f6004000-f6004fff memory:f6000000-f6003fff memory:f6020000-f603ffff *-network description: Network controller product: BCM4312 802.11b/g LP-PHY vendor: Broadcom Corporation physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:0e:00.0 version: 01 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=b43-pci-bridge latency=0 resources: irq:18 memory:fa000000-fa003fff *-network DISABLED description: Wireless interface physical id: 1 logical name: wlan0 serial: 0c:60:76:05:ee:74 capabilities: ethernet physical wireless configuration: broadcast=yes driver=b43 driverversion=3.2.0-29-generic firmware=N/A multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11bg lspci 00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Mobile 4 Series Chipset Memory Controller Hub (rev 07) 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Mobile 4 Series Chipset Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 07) 00:02.1 Display controller: Intel Corporation Mobile 4 Series Chipset Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 07) 00:1a.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) USB UHCI Controller #4 (rev 03) 00:1a.1 USB controller: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) USB UHCI Controller #5 (rev 03) 00:1a.2 USB controller: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) USB UHCI Controller #6 (rev 03) 00:1a.7 USB controller: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) USB2 EHCI Controller #2 (rev 03) 00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) HD Audio Controller (rev 03) 00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) PCI Express Port 1 (rev 03) 00:1c.1 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) PCI Express Port 2 (rev 03) 00:1c.2 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) PCI Express Port 3 (rev 03) 00:1c.3 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) PCI Express Port 4 (rev 03) 00:1c.4 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) PCI Express Port 5 (rev 03) 00:1c.5 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) PCI Express Port 6 (rev 03) 00:1d.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) USB UHCI Controller #1 (rev 03) 00:1d.1 USB controller: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) USB UHCI Controller #2 (rev 03) 00:1d.2 USB controller: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) USB UHCI Controller #3 (rev 03) 00:1d.7 USB controller: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) USB2 EHCI Controller #1 (rev 03) 00:1e.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801 Mobile PCI Bridge (rev 93) 00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation ICH9M LPC Interface Controller (rev 03) 00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation 82801IBM/IEM (ICH9M/ICH9M-E) 4 port SATA Controller [AHCI mode] (rev 03) 00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) SMBus Controller (rev 03) 08:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168B PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller (rev 03) 0e:00.0 Network controller: Broadcom Corporation BCM4312 802.11b/g LP-PHY (rev 01) 1a:00.0 FireWire (IEEE 1394): O2 Micro, Inc. Device 10f7 (rev 01) 1a:00.1 SD Host controller: O2 Micro, Inc. Device 8120 (rev 01) 1a:00.2 Mass storage controller: O2 Micro, Inc. Device 8130 (rev 01) iwconfig lo no wireless extensions. wlan0 IEEE 802.11bg ESSID:off/any Mode:Managed Access Point: Not-Associated Tx-Power=0 dBm Retry long limit:7 RTS thr:off Fragment thr:off Power Management:on eth0 no wireless extensions. At this point in time, I don't have wireless.

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• Wireless networks are not detected at start up in Ubuntu 12.04

  - by Kanhaiya Mishra

  I have recently (three four days ago) installed Ubuntu 12.04 via windows installer i.e. wubi.exe. After the installation completed wireless and Ethernet were both working well. But after restart wireless networks didn't show up while in the network manager both networking and wireless were enabled. Though sometimes after boot it did show the networks available but very rarely. So I went through various posts regarding wireless issues in Ubuntu 12.04 and tried so many things but ended up in nothing satisfactory. I have Broadcom 4313 LAN network controller and brcmsmac driver. Then relying on some suggestions I tried to install bcm-wl driver but couldn't install due to some error in jockeyl.log file. Then i tried fresh installation of the same driver but still could resolve the startup issues with wireless. Then again I reinstalled Ubuntu inside windows using wubi installer. This time again same problem occurred after boot. But this time I successfully installed wl driver before disturbing file-system files of Ubuntu. But again the same issue. This time I noticed some new things: If I inserted Ethernet/LAN cable before startup then wireless networks are available and of course LAN(wired) networks also work. but if i don't plug in cable before startup and then plug it after startup then it didn't detect Ethernet network neither wireless. So I haven't noticed it before that LAN along with wifi also doesn't work after startup. But if i suspend the session and make it sleep and again login then it worked. I tried it every time that WLAN worked perfectly. But still i m unable to resolve that startup problem. Each time i boot first I have to suspend it once then only networks are available. It irritates me each time i reboot/boot my lappy. So please help out of this problem. Any ideas/help regarding this issue would be highly appreciated. Some of the commands that i run gave following results: # lspci 00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Core Processor DRAM Controller (rev 12) 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Core Processor Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 12) 00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset HECI Controller (rev 06) 00:1a.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset USB2 Enhanced Host Controller (rev 06) 00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset High Definition Audio (rev 06) 00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset PCI Express Root Port 1 (rev 06) 00:1c.1 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset PCI Express Root Port 2 (rev 06) 00:1c.5 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset PCI Express Root Port 6 (rev 06) 00:1d.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset USB2 Enhanced Host Controller (rev 06) 00:1e.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801 Mobile PCI Bridge (rev a6) 00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation Mobile 5 Series Chipset LPC Interface Controller (rev 06) 00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset 6 port SATA AHCI Controller (rev 06) 00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset SMBus Controller (rev 06) 00:1f.6 Signal processing controller: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset Thermal Subsystem (rev 06) 03:00.0 Network controller: Broadcom Corporation BCM4313 802.11b/g/n Wireless LAN Controller (rev 01) 04:00.0 Ethernet controller: Atheros Communications Inc. AR8152 v1.1 Fast Ethernet (rev c1) ff:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Core Processor QuickPath Architecture Generic Non-core Registers (rev 02) ff:00.1 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Core Processor QuickPath Architecture System Address Decoder (rev 02) ff:02.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Core Processor QPI Link 0 (rev 02) ff:02.1 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Core Processor QPI Physical 0 (rev 02) ff:02.2 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Core Processor Reserved (rev 02) ff:02.3 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Core Processor Reserved (rev 02) # sudo lshw -C network *-network description: Wireless interface product: BCM4313 802.11b/g/n Wireless LAN Controller vendor: Broadcom Corporation physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:03:00.0 logical name: eth1 version: 01 serial: 70:f1:a1:49:b6:ab width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list ethernet physical wireless configuration: broadcast=yes driver=wl0 driverversion=5.100.82.38 ip=192.168.1.7 latency=0 multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11 resources: irq:17 memory:f0500000-f0503fff *-network description: Ethernet interface product: AR8152 v1.1 Fast Ethernet vendor: Atheros Communications Inc. physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:04:00.0 logical name: eth0 version: c1 serial: b8:ac:6f:6b:f7:4a capacity: 100Mbit/s width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress vpd bus_master cap_list ethernet physical tp 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd autonegotiation configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=atl1c driverversion=1.0.1.0-NAPI firmware=N/A latency=0 link=no multicast=yes port=twisted pair resources: irq:44 memory:f0400000-f043ffff ioport:2000(size=128) # lsmod | grep wl wl 2568210 0 lib80211 14381 2 lib80211_crypt_tkip,wl # sudo iwlist eth1 scanning eth1 Scan completed : Cell 01 - Address: 30:46:9A:85:DA:9A ESSID:"BH DASHIR 2" Mode:Managed Frequency:2.462 GHz (Channel 11) Quality:4/5 Signal level:-60 dBm Noise level:-98 dBm IE: IEEE 802.11i/WPA2 Version 1 Group Cipher : CCMP Pairwise Ciphers (1) : CCMP Authentication Suites (1) : PSK IE: Unknown: DD7F0050F204104A00011010440001021041000100103B000103104700109AFE7D908F8E2D381860668BA2E8D8771021000D4E4554474541522C20496E632E10230009574752363134763130102400095747523631347631301042000538333235381054000800060050F204000110110009574752363134763130100800020084 Encryption key:on Bit Rates:1 Mb/s; 2 Mb/s; 5.5 Mb/s; 11 Mb/s; 18 Mb/s 24 Mb/s; 36 Mb/s; 54 Mb/s; 6 Mb/s; 9 Mb/s 12 Mb/s; 48 Mb/s Cell 02 - Address: C0:3F:0E:EB:45:14 ESSID:"BH DASHIR 3" Mode:Managed Frequency:2.462 GHz (Channel 11) Quality:2/5 Signal level:-71 dBm Noise level:-98 dBm IE: IEEE 802.11i/WPA2 Version 1 Group Cipher : CCMP Pairwise Ciphers (1) : CCMP Authentication Suites (1) : PSK IE: Unknown: DD7F0050F204104A00011010440001021041000100103B00010310470010F3C9BBE499D140540F530E7EBEDE2F671021000D4E4554474541522C20496E632E10230009574752363134763130102400095747523631347631301042000538333235381054000800060050F204000110110009574752363134763130100800020084 Encryption key:on Bit Rates:1 Mb/s; 2 Mb/s; 5.5 Mb/s; 11 Mb/s; 18 Mb/s 24 Mb/s; 36 Mb/s; 54 Mb/s; 6 Mb/s; 9 Mb/s 12 Mb/s; 48 Mb/s Cell 03 - Address: A0:21:B7:A8:2F:C0 ESSID:"BH DASHIR 4" Mode:Managed Frequency:2.422 GHz (Channel 3) Quality:1/5 Signal level:-86 dBm Noise level:-98 dBm IE: IEEE 802.11i/WPA2 Version 1 Group Cipher : CCMP Pairwise Ciphers (1) : CCMP Authentication Suites (1) : PSK IE: Unknown: DD8B0050F204104A0001101044000102103B0001031047001000000000000010000000A021B7A82FC01021000D4E6574676561722C20496E632E10230009574E523130303076321024000456324831104200046E6F6E651054000800060050F20400011011001B574E5231303030763228576972656C6573732041502D322E344729100800020086103C000103 Encryption key:on Bit Rates:1 Mb/s; 2 Mb/s; 5.5 Mb/s; 11 Mb/s; 6 Mb/s 9 Mb/s; 12 Mb/s; 18 Mb/s; 24 Mb/s; 36 Mb/s 48 Mb/s; 54 Mb/s

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• R: convert data.frame columns from factors to characters

  - by Mike Dewar

  Hi, I have a data frame. Let's call him bob: > head(bob) phenotype exclusion GSM399350 3- 4- 8- 25- 44+ 11b- 11c- 19- NK1.1- Gr1- TER119- GSM399351 3- 4- 8- 25- 44+ 11b- 11c- 19- NK1.1- Gr1- TER119- GSM399352 3- 4- 8- 25- 44+ 11b- 11c- 19- NK1.1- Gr1- TER119- GSM399353 3- 4- 8- 25+ 44+ 11b- 11c- 19- NK1.1- Gr1- TER119- GSM399354 3- 4- 8- 25+ 44+ 11b- 11c- 19- NK1.1- Gr1- TER119- GSM399355 3- 4- 8- 25+ 44+ 11b- 11c- 19- NK1.1- Gr1- TER119- I'd like to concatenate the rows of this data frame (this will be another question). But look: > class(bob$phenotype) [1] "factor" Bob's columns are factors. So, for example: > as.character(head(bob)) [1] "c(3, 3, 3, 6, 6, 6)" "c(3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3)" [3] "c(29, 29, 29, 30, 30, 30)" I don't begin to understand this, but I guess these are indices into the levels of the factors of the columns (of the court of king caractacus) of bob? Not what I need. Strangely I can go through the columns of bob by hand, and do bob$phenotype <- as.character(bob$phenotype) which works fine. And, after some typing, I can get a data.frame whose columns are characters rather than factors. So my question is: how can I do this automatically? How do I convert a data.frame with factor columns into a data.frame with character columns without having to manually go through each column? Bonus question: why does the manual approach work?

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• No Wireless Connection on a Broadcom BCM43227

  - by Nicolas

  I´ve installed Ubuntu 11.10 on my Acer Aspire Laptop and can´t get any Wireless connection. Where is my problem? My wireless card is an Acer Nplify(TM) 802.11b/g/n. Thanks in Advance @mikewhatever: nic@ubuntu:~$ lspci -nnk | grep -iA2 net Kernel driver in use: tg3 -- 02:00.0 Ethernet controller [0200]: Broadcom Corporation NetLink BCM57785 Gigabit Ethernet PCIe [14e4:16b5] (rev 10) Subsystem: Acer Incorporated [ALI] Device [1025:0504] Kernel driver in use: sdhci-pci 02:00.1 SD Host controller [0805]: Broadcom Corporation NetXtreme BCM57765 Memory Card Reader [14e4:16bc] (rev 10) Subsystem: Acer Incorporated [ALI] Device [1025:0504] 03:00.0 Network controller [0280]: Broadcom Corporation BCM43227 802.11b/g/n [14e4:4358] Subsystem: Foxconn International, Inc. Device [105b:e040]

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• Can't get wireless on macbook pro 8,2

  - by Jeff

  I'm a linux Newb, and I have tried several of the fixes listed to try and get my wifi drivers to work, but to no avail. Does anyone here know why this isn't working for me, or better yet, how to fix it? Under lspci -vvv I get the following output: 03:00.0 Network controller: Broadcom Corporation BCM4331 802.11a/b/g/n (rev 02) Subsystem: Apple Inc. AirPort Extreme Control: I/O- Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast TAbort- SERR- Kernel modules: bcma With sudo lshw -class network I get this output: *-network UNCLAIMED description: Network controller product: BCM4331 802.11a/b/g/n vendor: Broadcom Corporation physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:03:00.0 version: 02 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list configuration: latency=0 resources: memory:b0600000-b0603fff Any help would be greatly appreciated!

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• Ralink RT3060 Driver not working

  - by Hoerlle

  I am new to linux. I was using fedora and now switching to Ubuntu for a try. On Fedora my wireless network card was working OK from the OS install (I didnt had to do anything for it to work) On Ubuntu, with the lspci -v command, I get: Network controller: Ralink corp. RT3060 Wireless 802.11n 1T/1R Subsystem: Ralink corp. RT3060 Wireless 802.11n 1T/1R Flags: bus master, slow devsel, latency 64, IRQ 20 Memory at fe9e0000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=64K] Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: rt2800pci Kernel modules: rt2800pci But I am not able to find any wireless network. What to do now? Thanks

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• wifi problems with lenovo g580 on kubuntu-13.04-desktop-amd64

  - by user203963

  i have a wifi connection problem in lenovo g580 on kubuntu-13.04-desktop-amd64. ethernet cable is working properly but wifi does'nt connect below are some hardware information sudo lshw -class network gives *-network description: Ethernet interface product: AR8162 Fast Ethernet vendor: Qualcomm Atheros physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:01:00.0 logical name: eth0 version: 10 serial: 20:89:84:3d:e9:10 size: 100Mbit/s capacity: 100Mbit/s width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm pciexpress msi msix bus_master cap_list ethernet physical tp 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd autonegotiation configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=alx driverversion=1.2.3 duplex=full firmware=N/A ip=192.168.0.106 latency=0 link=yes multicast=yes port=twisted pair speed=100Mbit/s resources: irq:16 memory:90500000-9053ffff ioport:2000(size=128) *-network description: Network controller product: BCM4313 802.11b/g/n Wireless LAN Controller vendor: Broadcom Corporation physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:02:00.0 version: 01 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=bcma-pci-bridge latency=0 resources: irq:17 memory:90400000-90403fff *-network description: Wireless interface physical id: 3 logical name: wlan0 serial: 68:94:23:fa:2c:d9 capabilities: ethernet physical wireless configuration: broadcast=yes driver=brcmsmac driverversion=3.8.0-19-generic firmware=N/A link=no multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11bgn lsubs gives Bus 001 Device 002: ID 8087:0024 Intel Corp. Integrated Rate Matching Hub Bus 002 Device 002: ID 8087:0024 Intel Corp. Integrated Rate Matching Hub Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 004 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub Bus 001 Device 003: ID 0489:e032 Foxconn / Hon Hai Bus 002 Device 003: ID 04f2:b2e2 Chicony Electronics Co., Ltd lspci gives 00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 2nd Generation Core Processor Family DRAM Controller (rev 09) 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 2nd Generation Core Processor Family Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 09) 00:14.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family USB xHCI Host Controller (rev 04) 00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family MEI Controller #1 (rev 04) 00:1a.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller #2 (rev 04) 00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family High Definition Audio Controller (rev 04) 00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 1 (rev c4) 00:1c.1 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 2 (rev c4) 00:1d.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller #1 (rev 04) 00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation HM76 Express Chipset LPC Controller (rev 04) 00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation 7 Series Chipset Family 6-port SATA Controller [AHCI mode] (rev 04) 00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family SMBus Controller (rev 04) 01:00.0 Ethernet controller: Qualcomm Atheros AR8162 Fast Ethernet (rev 10) 02:00.0 Network controller: Broadcom Corporation BCM4313 802.11b/g/n Wireless LAN Controller (rev 01) Does anyone knows the solution? rfkill list all gives 0: hci0: Bluetooth Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: no 1: phy0: Wireless LAN Soft blocked: yes Hard blocked: no 2: ideapad_wlan: Wireless LAN Soft blocked: yes Hard blocked: no 3: ideapad_bluetooth: Bluetooth Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: no

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• Wireless acting weird ubuntu 12.04 LTS

  - by Philip Yeldhos

  I'm kinda new here, so please bear with me. My wireless driver is acting very weird. It shows my router's name, but when it is connecting (after entering the correct password), the icon on the tray is like, refreshing every once in a second, while showing the animation that it is connecting. And after a few seconds, error message come up saying that wireless network is disconnected. I installed the drive through "additional drivers". What info do you need? Somebody please help. philip@philip-HP-Mini-110-3100:~$ sudo iwconfig lo no wireless extensions. eth1 IEEE 802.11 ESSID:"" Mode:Managed Frequency:2.472 GHz Access Point: Not-Associated Bit Rate:72 Mb/s Tx-Power:24 dBm Retry min limit:7 RTS thr:off Fragment thr:off Power Management:off Link Quality=5/5 Signal level=0 dBm Noise level=-96 dBm Rx invalid nwid:0 Rx invalid crypt:11 Rx invalid frag:0 Tx excessive retries:0 Invalid misc:0 Missed beacon:0 eth0 no wireless extensions. here's what lspci -v gave me: 02:00.0 Network controller: Broadcom Corporation BCM4313 802.11b/g/n Wireless LAN Controller (rev 01) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 1483 Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 17 Memory at 52000000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K] Capabilities: [40] Power Management version 3 Capabilities: [58] Vendor Specific Information: Len=78 <?> Capabilities: [48] MSI: Enable- Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+ Capabilities: [d0] Express Endpoint, MSI 00 Capabilities: [100] Advanced Error Reporting Capabilities: [13c] Virtual Channel Capabilities: [160] Device Serial Number 00-00-82-ff-ff-3f-e0-2a Capabilities: [16c] Power Budgeting <?> Kernel driver in use: wl Kernel modules: wl, bcma, brcmsmac okay, i removed the driver additional drivers gave me. now, this is what has happened: lsmod gave me: philip@philip-HP-Mini-110-3100:~$ lsmod | grep brc brcmsmac 540875 0 mac80211 436455 1 brcmsmac brcmutil 14675 1 brcmsmac cfg80211 178679 2 brcmsmac,mac80211 crc8 12781 1 brcmsmac cordic 12487 1 brcmsmac and iwconfig gave me: philip@philip-HP-Mini-110-3100:~$ iwconfig lo no wireless extensions. wlan0 IEEE 802.11bgn ESSID:off/any Mode:Managed Access Point: Not-Associated Tx-Power=19 dBm Retry long limit:7 RTS thr:off Fragment thr:off Power Management:off eth0 no wireless extensions. and lspci -v gave me: 02:00.0 Network controller: Broadcom Corporation BCM4313 802.11b/g/n Wireless LAN Controller (rev 01) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 1483 Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 17 Memory at 52000000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K] Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: brcmsmac Kernel modules: bcma, brcmsmac

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• My wireless is hard-blocked

  - by Cristian

  I'm new to linux and i am having trouble getting my wireless to work I've found the following things Wireless LAN Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: yes and : *-network DISABLED description: Wireless interface product: RT3090 Wireless 802.11n 1T/1R PCIe vendor: Ralink corp. physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:02:00.0 logical name: wlan0 version: 00 serial: 6c:62:6d:19:38:b9 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list ethernet physical wireless configuration: broadcast=yes driver=rt2800pci driverversion=3.2.0-25-generic-pae firmware=0.34 latency=0 link=no multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11bgn resources: irq:16 memory:fdfe0000-fdfefff Can you please tell me what to do?

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• Computer Networks UNISA - Chap 8 &ndash; Wireless Networking

  - by MarkPearl

  After reading this section you should be able to Explain how nodes exchange wireless signals Identify potential obstacles to successful transmission and their repercussions, such as interference and reflection Understand WLAN architecture Specify the characteristics of popular WLAN transmission methods including 802.11 a/b/g/n Install and configure wireless access points and their clients Describe wireless MAN and WAN technologies, including 802.16 and satellite communications The Wireless Spectrum All wireless signals are carried through the air by electromagnetic waves. The wireless spectrum is a continuum of the electromagnetic waves used for data and voice communication. The wireless spectrum falls between 9KHZ and 300 GHZ. Characteristics of Wireless Transmission Antennas Each type of wireless service requires an antenna specifically designed for that service. The service’s specification determine the antenna’s power output, frequency, and radiation pattern. A directional antenna issues wireless signals along a single direction. An omnidirectional antenna issues and receives wireless signals with equal strength and clarity in all directions The geographical area that an antenna or wireless system can reach is known as its range Signal Propagation LOS (line of sight) uses the least amount of energy and results in the reception of the clearest possible signal. When there is an obstacle in the way, the signal may… pass through the object or be obsrobed by the object or may be subject to reflection, diffraction or scattering. Reflection – waves encounter an object and bounces off it. Diffraction – signal splits into secondary waves when it encounters an obstruction Scattering – is the diffusion or the reflection in multiple different directions of a signal Signal Degradation Fading occurs as a signal hits various objects. Because of fading, the strength of the signal that reaches the receiver is lower than the transmitted signal strength. The further a signal moves from its source, the weaker it gets (this is called attenuation) Signals are also affected by noise – the electromagnetic interference) Interference can distort and weaken a wireless signal in the same way that noise distorts and weakens a wired signal. Frequency Ranges Older wireless devices used the 2.4 GHZ band to send and receive signals. This had 11 communication channels that are unlicensed. Newer wireless devices can also use the 5 GHZ band which has 24 unlicensed bands Narrowband, Broadband, and Spread Spectrum Signals Narrowband – a transmitter concentrates the signal energy at a single frequency or in a very small range of frequencies Broadband – uses a relatively wide band of the wireless spectrum and offers higher throughputs than narrowband technologies The use of multiple frequencies to transmit a signal is known as spread-spectrum technology. In other words a signal never stays continuously within one frequency range during its transmission. One specific implementation of spread spectrum is FHSS (frequency hoping spread spectrum). Another type is known as DSS (direct sequence spread spectrum) Fixed vs. Mobile Each type of wireless communication falls into one of two categories Fixed – the location of the transmitted and receiver do not move (results in energy saved because weaker signal strength is possible with directional antennas) Mobile – the location can change WLAN (Wireless LAN) Architecture There are two main types of arrangements Adhoc – data is sent directly between devices – good for small local devices Infrastructure mode – a wireless access point is placed centrally, that all devices connect with 802.11 WLANs The most popular wireless standards used on contemporary LANs are those developed by IEEE’s 802.11 committee. Over the years several distinct standards related to wireless networking have been released. Four of the best known standards are also referred to as Wi-Fi. They are…. 802.11b 802.11a 802.11g 802.11n These four standards share many characteristics. i.e. All 4 use half duplex signalling Follow the same access method Access Method 802.11 standards specify the use of CSMA/CA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance) to access a shared medium. Using CSMA/CA before a station begins to send data on an 802.11 network, it checks for existing wireless transmissions. If the source node detects no transmission activity on the network, it waits a brief period of time and then sends its transmission. If the source does detect activity, it waits a brief period of time before checking again. The destination node receives the transmission and, after verifying its accuracy, issues an acknowledgement (ACT) packet to the source. If the source receives the ACK it assumes the transmission was successful, – if it does not receive an ACK it assumes the transmission failed and sends it again. Association Two types of scanning… Active – station transmits a special frame, known as a prove, on all available channels within its frequency range. When an access point finds the probe frame, it issues a probe response. Passive – wireless station listens on all channels within its frequency range for a special signal, known as a beacon frame, issued from an access point – the beacon frame contains information necessary to connect to the point. Re-association occurs when a mobile user moves out of one access point’s range and into the range of another. Frames Read page 378 – 381 about frames and specific 802.11 protocols Bluetooth Networks Sony Ericson originally invented the Bluetooth technology in the early 1990s. In 1998 other manufacturers joined Ericsson in the Special Interest Group (SIG) whose aim was to refine and standardize the technology. Bluetooth was designed to be used on small networks composed of personal communications devices. It has become popular wireless technology for communicating among cellular telephones, phone headsets, etc. Wireless WANs and Internet Access Refer to pages 396 – 402 of the textbook for details.

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• Wireless speed drops over time and doesn't get up if not reconnected

  - by Vili Lehto

  I am using Ubuntu 12.10 64bit and I have a Asus PCE-N15 wireless card(in PCI-E slot). The problem is that first when I connect to my WiFi network the speed is just fine, and actually my link speed never drops, it shows a solid 150mb/s+ link speed and good signal. But the download and upload speeds drop dramatically after couple minutes of use and I have to reconnect to fix this. Network is type IEEE 802.11bgn and uses WPA2/AES encryption. I don't have similar problems on the windows side, and the network is working fine on every other device. iwconfig shows this: wlan0 IEEE 802.11bgn ESSID:"WLAN-AP" Mode:Managed Frequency:2.412 GHz Access Point: 00:1E:AB:05:EF:31 Bit Rate=300 Mb/s Tx-Power=20 dBm Retry long limit:7 RTS thr=2347 B Fragment thr:off Encryption key:off Power Management:off Link Quality=61/70 Signal level=-49 dBm Rx invalid nwid:0 Rx invalid crypt:0 Rx invalid frag:0 Tx excessive retries:0 Invalid misc:2 Missed beacon:0 So the question is: Is there a way to fix this? Thanks in advance.

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• iwlwifi on lenovo z570 disabled by hardware switch

  - by Kevin Gallagher

  It was working fine with windows 7. The hardware switch is not disabled. I've toggled it back and forth dozens of times. The wifi light never turns on and it always lists as hardware disabled. I have the latest updates installed. I've been searching for solutions, but none of them seem to work for me. I've tried removing acer-wmi. I've tried setting 11n_disable=1. I've tried resetting the bios. I've tried using rfkill to unblock (only removes soft block). I've rebooted dozens of times. The wifi light turns off as soon as grub loads. Edit: I have a usb edimax wireless nic. It shows hardware disabled as well (although rfkill lists as unblocked). If I unload iwlwifi the usb nic works fine. uname -a `Linux xxx-Ideapad-Z570 3.2.0-55-generic #85-Ubuntu SMP Wed Oct 2 12:29:27 UTC 2013 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linu`x rfkill list 19: phy18: Wireless LAN Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: yes dmesg [43463.022996] Intel(R) Wireless WiFi Link AGN driver for Linux, in-tree: [43463.023002] Copyright(c) 2003-2011 Intel Corporation [43463.023107] iwlwifi 0000:03:00.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 17 (level, low) -> IRQ 17 [43463.023190] iwlwifi 0000:03:00.0: setting latency timer to 64 [43463.023253] iwlwifi 0000:03:00.0: pci_resource_len = 0x00002000 [43463.023257] iwlwifi 0000:03:00.0: pci_resource_base = ffffc900057c8000 [43463.023261] iwlwifi 0000:03:00.0: HW Revision ID = 0x0 [43463.023797] iwlwifi 0000:03:00.0: irq 43 for MSI/MSI-X [43463.024013] iwlwifi 0000:03:00.0: Detected Intel(R) Centrino(R) Wireless-N 1000 BGN, REV=0x6C [43463.024250] iwlwifi 0000:03:00.0: L1 Enabled; Disabling L0S [43463.045496] iwlwifi 0000:03:00.0: device EEPROM VER=0x15d, CALIB=0x6 [43463.045501] iwlwifi 0000:03:00.0: Device SKU: 0X50 [43463.045504] iwlwifi 0000:03:00.0: Valid Tx ant: 0X1, Valid Rx ant: 0X3 [43463.045542] iwlwifi 0000:03:00.0: Tunable channels: 13 802.11bg, 0 802.11a channels [43463.045744] iwlwifi 0000:03:00.0: RF_KILL bit toggled to disable radio. [43463.047652] iwlwifi 0000:03:00.0: loaded firmware version 39.31.5.1 build 35138 [43463.047823] Registered led device: phy18-led [43463.047895] cfg80211: Ignoring regulatory request Set by core since the driver uses its own custom regulatory domain [43463.048037] ieee80211 phy18: Selected rate control algorithm 'iwl-agn-rs' [43463.055533] ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): wlan0: link is not ready nm-tool State: connected (global) - Device: wlan0 ---------------------------------------------------------------- Type: 802.11 WiFi Driver: iwlwifi State: unavailable Default: no HW Address: 74:E5:0B:4A:9F:C2 Capabilities: Wireless Properties WEP Encryption: yes WPA Encryption: yes WPA2 Encryption: yes Wireless Access Points lshw -C network *-network DISABLED description: Wireless interface product: Centrino Wireless-N 1000 [Condor Peak] vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:03:00.0 logical name: wlan0 version: 00 serial: 74:e5:0b:4a:9f:c2 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list ethernet physical wireless configuration: broadcast=yes driver=iwlwifi driverversion=3.2.0-55-generic firmware=39.31.5.1 build 35138 latency=0 link=no multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11bg resources: irq:43 memory:f1500000-f1501fff lspci 03:00.0 Network controller: Intel Corporation Centrino Wireless-N 1000 [Condor Peak]

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