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• Best peer-to-peer game architecture

  - by Dejw

  Consider a setup where game clients: have quite small computing resources (mobile devices, smartphones) are all connected to a common router (LAN, hotspot etc) The users want to play a multiplayer game, without an external server. One solution is to host an authoritative server on one phone, which in this case would be also a client. Considering point 1 this solution is not acceptable, since the phone's computing resources are not sufficient. So, I want to design a peer-to-peer architecture that will distribute the game's simulation load among the clients. Because of point 2 the system needn't be complex with regards to optimization; the latency will be very low. Each client can be an authoritative source of data about himself and his immediate environment (for example bullets.) What would be the best approach to designing such an architecture? Are there any known examples of such a LAN-level peer-to-peer protocol? Notes: Some of the problems are addressed here, but the concepts listed there are too high-level for me. Security I know that not having one authoritative server is a security issue, but it is not relevant in this case as I'm willing to trust the clients. Edit: I forgot to mention: it will be a rather fast-paced game (a shooter). Also, I have already read about networking architectures at Gaffer on Games.

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• Correct architecture for running and stopping complex tasks in the background

  - by Phonon

  I'm having trouble working out the correct architecture for the following task. I have a GUI in Windows Forms that contains a ListBox, listing certain architectural layouts. One an item in this list is selected, a custom Control displays an interactive visualization of the selected layout. Drawing of this interactive diagram is a CPU-intensive task, and can take up to a second on my machine. The kind of functionality I'm trying to achieve is that if a user wants to quickly scroll through the layouts in the ListBox (say, holding down the down arrow key), I don't want my computer to sit there thinking about how to draw the layout before it allows the user to do anything else. The obvious answer is, of course, to run the layout calculations in a separate thread. But how do I make that thread return a whole control? How do I make sure I'm not running two layout calculations at once? I'm fairly new to this complex GUI business. So the real question is what is the right architecture to implement something like this? This seems like something people do all the time, but finding any suggestions on how to do it properly is really difficult.

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• Server-side Architecture for Online Game

  - by Draiken

  basically I have a game client that has communicate with a server for almost every action it takes, the game is in Java (using LWJGL) and right now I will start making the server. The base of the game is normally one client communicating with the server alone, but I will require later on for several clients to work together for some functionalities. I've already read how authentication server should be sepparated and I intend on doing it. The problem is I am completely inexperienced in this kind of server-side programming, all I've ever programmed were JSF web applications. I imagine I'll do socket connections for pretty much every game communication since HTML is very slow, but I still don't really know where to start on my server. I would appreciate reading material or guidelines on where to start, what architecture should the game server have and maybe some suggestions on frameworks that could help me getting the client-server communication. I've looked into JNAG but I have no experience with this kind of thing, so I can't really tell if it is a solid and good messaging layer. Any help is appreciated... Thanks ! EDIT: Just a little more information about the game. It is intended to be a very complex game with several functionalities, making some functionalities a "program" inside the program. It is not an usual game, like FPS or RPG but I intend on having a lot of users using these many different "programs" inside the game. If I wasn't clear enough, I'd really appreciate people that have already developed games with java client/server architecture, how they communicated, any frameworks, apis, messaging systems, etc. It is not a question of lack of knowledge of language, more a question for advice, so I don't end up creating something that works, but in the later stages will have to be rewriten for any kind of limiting reason. PS: sorry if my english is not perfect...

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• Architecture of a "website generator" web application

  - by Resorath

  What is the most maintainable and efficient way to architect a web application who's purpose is to host and generate websites which can be customized to a certain degree? There are a lot of these style of applications in the wild that generate all kinds of sites, from sites that host World of Warcraft guilds like guildlaunch to other sites like my wedding for wedding site hosting. My question is, what is the basic architecture that these sites operate on? I imagine there are two ways of thinking about this. A central set of code that all sites on the host run against, and it acts differently based on which site was visited. In this manner, when the base code is updated all sites are updated simultaneously. Or, the code for an individual site exists in a silo, and is simply replicated to a new directory each time a site is created. When an update needs to be applied, the code is pushed out to each site silo. In my case, I am working in PHP with the CodeIgniter framework, however the answer need not be limited to this case. Which method (if any) creates a more maintainable and efficient architecture to manage this style of web application?

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• Modular Architecture for Processing Pipeline

  - by anjruu

  I am trying to design the architecture of a system that I will be implementing in C++, and I was wondering if people could think of a good approach, or critique the approach that I have designed so far. First of all, the general problem is an image processing pipeline. It contains several stages, and the goal is to design a highly modular solution, so that any of the stages can be easily swapped out and replaced with a piece of custom code (so that the user can have a speed increase if s/he knows that a certain stage is constrained in a certain way in his or her problem). The current thinking is something like this: struct output; /*Contains the output values from the pipeline.*/ class input_routines{ public: virtual foo stage1(...){...} virtual bar stage2(...){...} virtual qux stage3(...){...} ... } output pipeline(input_routines stages); This would allow people to subclass input_routines and override whichever stage they wanted. That said, I've worked in systems like this before, and I find the subclassing and the default stuff tends to get messy, and can be difficult to use, so I'm not giddy about writing one myself. I was also thinking about a more STLish approach, where the different stages (there are 6 or 7) would be defaulted template parameters. Can anyone offer a critique of the pattern above, thoughts on the template approach, or any other architecture that comes to mind?

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• A strong component keeps everything together

  - by Justin Paul-Oracle

  Most of the times you implement a WebCenter Content based system, you require some sort of customization. Sometimes these customizations need a Java class or two, or libraries (for example, the JavaMail API), or Database Objects (like new tables, views, indexes, etc). I have seen that libraries and Database Objects are usually put in place using manual steps. This means that the library jar files are copied to one of the common classes directory (set in the Content CLASSPATH variable) and/or the database scripts are executed manually. I have also seen people place the custom Java classes in the common classes directory. While this may seem like an easy solution, think about a scenario where you need to disable or uninstall the component or if you have to upgrade or migrate the system. You have to keep these manual steps documented and execute them every time you encounter the above scenarios. It is very common that some of these manual steps are missed when you have multiple teams and people working on the system. Here are a few points to ponder upon: Place all your custom Java classes within your component. Create a new directory, say ${COMPONENT_DIR}/classes, and place your code there. You can choose to bundle all your classes into a jar or you can place the entire class directory structure. Add a path entry to the Build Settings so that it is bundled with the component when you build it. You also need to update the Custom Class Path and the Custom Class Path Load Order under the Advanced Build Settings. This will ensure that the system CLASSPATH is updated to add this new directory. Create a new component for any new library that you want to add. Add the appropriate path entries to the Build Settings so that it is bundled with the component when you build it. You also need to update the Custom Class Path, Custom Class Path Load Order and/or the Custom Library Path under the Advanced Build Settings. Enter a comma separated list of features that this component will provide. When you create other components that will use the features exposed by this component, make sure that you specify a dependency to this library component by specifying the comma separated list of features in the Advanced Build Settings. The component wizard allows you to create custom install/uninstall Java code. The wizard will create a install filter class when you check the “Has Install” checkbox on the “Install/Uninstall Settings” tab. Consider using this filter class to create database objects when you install the component and drop the objects when you uninstall the component. If you do a lot of custom component development, consider creating a install/uninstall Java class, which can execute queries defined within the component. To sum up, whenever you write a new custom component, make sure that you bundle everything within the component.

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• S#arp Architecture 1.5.1 released

  - by AlecWhittington

  So far we have had some great success with the 1.5 release of S#arp Architecture, but there were a few issues that made it into the release that needed to be corrected. These issues were: Unnecessary assemblies in the root /bin and SolutionItemsContainer folders Nant folder removed from root /bin - this was causing issues with the build scripts that come with the project if the user did not have Nant installed and available via a path variable VS 2010 template - the CrudScaffoldingForEnterpriseApp...(read more)

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• Single API Architecture

  - by user1901686

  When people refer to an architecture that involves a single service API that all clients talk to (a client can be an iPad app, etc), what is the "client" for the web app -- is it A) the web browser itself. Thus, the entire app is written in html/css/javascript and ajax calls to the service are made to fetch data and changes are made through javascript or B) you have an MVC-like stack on a server, only instead of the controllers calling to the model layer directly, they call to the service API which return models that are used to render the traditional views or C) something else?

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• Data Transformation Pipeline

  - by davenewza

  I have create some kind of data pipeline to transform coordinate data into more useful information. Here is the shell of pipeline: public class PositionPipeline { protected List<IPipelineComponent> components; public PositionPipeline() { components = new List<IPipelineComponent>(); } public PositionPipelineEntity Process(Position position) { foreach (var component in components) { position = component.Execute(position); } return position; } public PositionPipeline RegisterComponent(IPipelineComponent component) { components.Add(component); return this; } } Every IPipelineComponent accepts and returns the same type - a PositionPipelineEntity. Code: public interface IPipelineComponent { PositionPipelineEntity Execute(PositionPipelineEntity position); } The PositionPipelineEntity needs to have many properties, many which are unused in certain components and required in others. Some properties will also have become redundant at the end of the pipeline. For example, these components could be executed: TransformCoordinatesComponent: Parse the raw coordinate data into a Coordinate type. DetermineCountryComponent: Determine and stores country code. DetermineOnRoadComponent: Determine and store whether coordinate is on a road. Code: pipeline .RegisterComponent(new TransformCoordinatesComponent()) .RegisterComponent(new DetermineCountryComponent()) .RegisterComponent(new DetermineOnRoadComponent()); pipeline.Process(positionPipelineEntity); The PositionPipelineEntity type: public class PositionPipelineEntity { // Only relevant to the TransformCoordinatesComponent public decimal RawCoordinateLatitude { get; set; } // Only relevant to the TransformCoordinatesComponent public decimal RawCoordinateLongitude { get; set; } // Required by all components after TransformCoordinatesComponent public Coordinate CoordinateLatitude { get; set; } // Required by all components after TransformCoordinatesComponent public Coordinate CoordinateLongitude { get; set; } // Set in DetermineCountryComponent, not required anywhere. // Requires CoordinateLatitude and CoordinateLongitude (TransformCoordinatesComponent) public string CountryCode { get; set; } // Set in DetermineOnRoadComponent, not required anywhere. // Requires CoordinateLatitude and CoordinateLongitude (TransformCoordinatesComponent) public bool OnRoad { get; set; } } Problems: I'm very concerned about the dependency that a component has on properties. The way to solve this would be to create specific types for each component. The problem then is that I cannot chain them together like this. The other problem is the order of components in the pipeline matters. There is some dependency. The current structure does not provide any static or runtime checking for such a thing. Any feedback would be appreciated.

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• 3 tier architecture in objective-c

  - by hba

  I just finished reading the objective-c developer handbook from apple. So I pretty much know everything that there is to know about objective-c (hee hee hee). I was wondering how do I go about designing a 3-tier application in objective-c. The 3-tiers being a front-end application in Cocoa, a middle-tier in pure objective-c and a back-end (data access also in objective-c and mysql db). I'm not really interested in discussing why I'd need a 3-tier architecture, I'd like to narrow the discussion to the 'how'. For example, can I have 3 separate x-code projects one for each tier? If so how would I link the projects together. In java, I can export each tier as a jar file and form the proper associations.

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• Fastest way to document software architecture and design

  - by Karsten

  We are a small team of 5 developers and I'm looking for some great advices about how to document the software architecture and design. I'm going for the sweet spot, where the time invested pays off. I don't want to use more time documenting than necessary. I'll quickly give you my thoughts. What are the diagrams I should made? I'm thinking an overall diagram showing the various applications and services. And then some sequence diagrams showing the most important or complicated processes. About the code it self, I really don't see much value in describing or making diagrams for the code outside the .cs files them self. About text documents, I'm a bit uncertain about when to put down on paper. Most developers don't like to either write or read long documents.

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• Fastest way to document software architecture and design

  - by Karsten

  We are a small team of 5 developers and I'm looking for some great advices about how to document the software architecture and design. I'm going for the sweet spot, where the time invested pays off. I don't want to use more time documenting than necessary. I'll quickly give you my thoughts. What are the diagrams I should made? I'm thinking an overall diagram showing the various applications and services. And then some sequence diagrams showing the most important or complicated processes. About the code it self, I really don't see much value in describing or making diagrams for the code outside the .cs files them self. About text documents, I'm a bit uncertain about when to put down on paper. Most developers don't like to either write or read long documents.

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• S#arp Architecture 1.5 Beta 1 released

  - by AlecWhittington

  Well it is official, I just finished my first release for S#arp Architecture . While this is only a beta release, it does contain some big upgrades and we are hoping to get any bugs handled quickly so that we can get the RTM release completed. This will be a short post, with a more detailed posts coming in the next few days. A big thanks goes out to Billy McCafferty , Michael Aird, Hoang Tang, and everyone else that had a say in this release. Release notes Built on top of ASP.NET MVC 2 RTM release...(read more)

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• Architecture of interaction modes ("paint tools") for a 3D paint program

  - by Bernhard Kausler

  We are developing a Qt-based application to navigate through and paint on a volume treated as a 3D pixel graphic. The layout of the app consists of three orthogonal slice views on which the user may paint stuff like dots, circles etc. and also erase already painted pixels. Think of a 3D Gimp or MS Paint. How would you design the the architecture for the different interaction modes (i.e. paint tools)? My idea is: use the MVC pattern have a separate controler for every interaction mode install an event filter on all three slice views to collect all incoming user interaction events (mouse, keyboard) redirect the events to the currently active interaction controler I would appreciate critical comments on that idea.

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• Books, resources and so on about GUI architecture [on hold]

  - by Moses

  I'm making first steps in GUI programming. Earlier I've had little experience with GUI and I remember that it was kind of pain. Code was either coupled or to verbose with tons of "Listeners". It seems to me that problem in me and not in a library that I used(Swing). So, could you recommend me some books, tutorials or resources where I can find how to design gui programms? Emphasize that I'm interested in architecture and not in how to use components of some framework(which about 90% of tutorials that I've ever seen).

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• Architecture for subscription based application

  - by John

  This is about the architecture of my application I think. I have a Rails application where companies can administrate all things related to clients. Companies can buy a subscription and their users can access the application online. Hopefully I will get multiple companies subscribing to my appplication/service. Thing is, what should I do with my code and database? Seperate app code base and database per company One app code base but seperate database per company One app code base and one database The decision I am to make involves security (e.g. user from company X should not see any data from company Y) performance (let's suppose it becomes successful, it should have a good performance) and scalability (again, if successful, it should have a good performance but also easy for me to handle all the companies, code changes, etc) For sake of maintainability, I tend to opt for the one code base. For the database I really don't know at this moment. So what do you think is the best option?

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• How to model interentity membership in entity-component architecture?

  - by croxis

  I'm falling in love with simple grace of entity-component design, although I still have issues breaking from MVC and OOP practices. Some of my game entities have membership relationships with each other (ex: a player is a member of a city, a city is a member of a nation), and I am unsure on the best way to implement it. My initial reaction is to have a a MemberOfCity component that points to the appropriate city component, but components are suppose to have no references to each other. My other option is to have a System do it, but that would require the system to persist data outside of a component. Is there a clean way to do this in an entity-component design, or am I trying to use a hammer on a screw and should use a hybrid/another approach?

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• Architecture for html5 multiplayer game?

  - by Tihomir Iliev

  Hello I want to write a HTML5 multiplayer game in which there are rooms with two players answering a series of questions with 3 possible answers, 10sec/question, which are being downloaded from a server. It will have some ratings and so on. I want to make it as scalable as possible. I wonder what technologies to use to accomplish that. HTML5, CSS3 and JavaScript obviously. But what about the server-side? I have been researching and found that Socket.IO + Node.js + mongoDB would do the job but after doing some more research it maybe not. Can you suggest me some kind of architecture for doing this game? Free technologies, if possible. Or what to read and from where to start in order to understand how to do it. Thanx in advance! P.S. I have an experience with HTML5, CSS3, JavaScript, C#, ASP.NET MVC and relational db's.

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• Requirement, architecture data capture tool

  - by Deno

  Are there any tools available for the following use case: I am planning to write a complex application and now I just know about the basic functional requirments. I am refining the functionality with more and more details. I am also writing down how to implement this in software architecture perspective. I am in a situation where there are multiple ways implement a certain functionality and based on the selected approach, other parts of the program will also change. At this moment, I don't want to decide on the approach to use, I just want to list down all the options, present to a wider audience and get it finalized. Are there any standard software tools to do this? I know I can use MS excel or some mind mapper tools, but just thinking of some standard tools (not just for programmers, but for managers and other) availability Thanks, Den

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• Architecture for dashbaord showing aggregated stats

  - by soulnafein

  I'm trying to find the best architecture for an application that shows a dashboard with aggregated stats that come from another one (e.g. number of sales in the last 12 months, current sales this month, a fairly complex score, performance of users over last 30 days, etc.) There is a fair bit of business logic that lives in Application 1 but the aggregated data gets saved in Application 2 (dashboard). What's the best way to create the aggregate data? 1) Pull data directly from Application 1 database and duplicate business logic for score calculation etc. 2) Push data from Application 1 to Application 2 somehow 3) Aggregate data in Application 1 on the fly and provide and api for Application 2 4) Other (probably) Please suggest solutions, Thanks.

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• Python simulation-scripts architecture

  - by Beastcraft

  Situation: I've some scripts that simulate user-activity on desktop. Therefore I've defined a few cases (workflows) and implemented them in Python. I've also written some classes for interacting with the users' software (e.g. web browser etc.). Problem: I'm a total beginner in software design / architecture (coding isn't a problem). How could I structure what I described above? Providing a library which contains all the workflows as functions, or a separate class/module etc. for each workflow? I want to keep the the workflows simple. The complexity should be hidden in the classes for interacting with the users' software. Are there any papers / books I could read about this, or could you provide some tips? Kind regards, B

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• Any recommended books/resources on component-based design?

  - by user1163640

  I come from a background with heavy use of the classical object-oriented paradigm for software development. The company I am a part of switched to Unity not too long ago, and we're all very excited to get started using it However, one aspect that have sparked my interested, and which I think will become a very important part of our future development, is Unity's approach to component-based design with scripting; with less focus on typical hierarchical aspect. Question I was wondering if anyone could recommend any good books on this subject? I have had trouble finding any books or books with reliable reviews, and was wondering if anyone more experienced here had something to say on the issue? Any other kind of resource would be excellent too, I'm just interested in getting to learn everything I can about it. This is not meant as a discussion about best books or resources on the topic, but simply a question regarding any resources that any of you find useful. Thank you all for your time!

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• java application architecture

  - by LostMohican

  We have to write an administration panel for many customers. But we want to have just one administration panel, and use it in various projects. This admin panel will have basic components such as access control logic, maker-checker system in changes, user logging and etc. It will also have reporting for the customer, logs of transaction of the customer (which can vary according to the industry such as mobile banking, banking, ticket sales). These components may have to be modified according to the business. So we are thinking about the architecture here, Is it OK to use jars of every basic components, and bring them together on a glue application? Or should we build each component as WARs and make interfaces between them? If there are any more ideas, it will be appreciated.

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• C++ game architecture

  - by rxc

  I'm trying to make a game, but I'm not sure of the best way to set up the main loop and classes. For really small games, I could put everything in the main() loop, including event handling, collision checking, etc. However, for large games, that's seems like a highly inefficient way to get things done. The architecture I want is kind like the way the Minecraft coders did it (I quote Minecraft code because I've seen the source code when downloading MCP). They have objects entity classes EntityCow and EntityChicken and they have methods like onDeath(), onLivingUpdate(); and item classes like ItemSword have methods like onItemUse(). I've never seen these methods get called directly, but apparently, they get stored in a class called DataWatcher, which, I think "watches" all the data (as the name implies) and calls the appropriate methods in the objects. Is that how most games do it? If so, how is the DataWatcher class implemented? Any help or alternate suggestions is really appreciated.

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• Architecture driven by users, or by actions/content?

  - by hugerth

  I have a question about designing MVC app architecture. Let's say our application has three main categories of views (items of type 1, items of type 2...). And we have three (or more in future) types of users - Admins, let's say Moderators and typical Users. And in the future there might be more of them. Admins have full access to app, Moderators can visit only 2/3 type of items, and Users can visit only basic type of items. Should I divide my controllers/views/whatever like this: Items "A", Items "B", Items "C", then make them 100% finished and at the end add access privileges? Pros: DRY option Cons Conditional expressions in views Or another options: Items "A" / Admin, Items "A" / Moderator / Items "B" Admin ...? Pros: Divided parts of application for specific user (is that pros?) Cons: A lot of repeated code I don't have great experience in planning such things so it would nice if you can give me some tips or links to learn something about it.

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