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• DNS for route between WAN & LAN

  - by David Maitland

  I have a few machines set up on my internal 192.168.1.* network and i have one public ip, my router is links all ports to on internal linux machine on my network 192.168.1.3. I want to know how to configure the DNS server on my linux box to forward to internal LAN ip's depending on the host name. EG. computer4.83.22.56.12 would find my box then forward to 192.168.1.4 on the local network. This is so i can run multiple web server under one ip. btw, i use Ubuntu. Thanks Dave

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• Configure clients to navigate through specific wan. Pfsense

  - by leandronn

  I have a machine with a pfsense running. It is configured with three ethernet cards. LAN 192.168.2.1/21 WAN1 200.41.X.2/24 WAN2 200.41.X.3/24 ISP Gateway 200.41.X.1 This is a connection with 5 different IP addresses. WAN1 and WAN2 are directly connected to my ISP router. I need a way to configure some clients navigating through WAN1 and some through WAN2. I am new to pfsense so, please, if you can send me some examples to do this. I can add two squids if it is necessary. Thanks a lot.

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• Ping or accessing WAN IP from LAN results in failure on only one box

  - by ComputerUserGuy

  Morning/evening gents. I purchased a radical domain name today to set up a name for my services and to set up SSL. I configured the SSL fine and all but when I went to my website I couldn't connect. I can connect to the site with any other device in my house and my friend can connect to it as well from outside of the LAN. I am hosting the services with my computer and I can't access the service. Whenever I ping it using the command prompt I get a result of "General Failure.". It saddens me that they couldn't make a better message as it kind of brings me down. I'm not sure what's the deal here as I have all of my firewalls down and my ports are forwarded. Running Windows 7. Thanks for the assistance chaps.

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• Draytek Vigor 2820 static IP's

  - by dannymcc

  I have a Draytek Vigor 2820 router which is connected to our ADSL provider (British Telecom, BT). We currently have one static IP address which is accessible from anywhere outside of our network and points at a simple web server on port 80. We have just been given 5 more static IP addresses which I would like to point at five servers that have static IP's. As an example: Current static IP - 80.123.123.123 New Static IP's - 100.100.100.100-105 Server IP's - 192.168.1.129-133 I have confused myself completely between NAT addresses, static routes and WAN IP aliases. If anyone can give me a clear idea of what I need to do it would be greatly appreciated.

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• Are there any statistics on the number of networks using Ethernet Jumbo frames?

  - by Russell Heilling

  I am often told by Sales Engineers and Product managers that a Layer 2 Ethernet service is not fit for purpose if the maximum supported frame size is in the 1518-1522 range (enough to support standard Ethernet frames or VLAN tagged frames). Or in other words: an MTU of 1500 is not enough (see this blog post for my definition of MTU and a short rant on how the term is often misused) I am never able to get any details from them on: a) What proportion of customers (Enterprise / SMB) require Jumbo frames b) What are typical expectations on frame size for Jumbos on WAN links? 1600, 2000, 9k, etc... I know that in Telco and Data Centre environments Jumbos are pretty common, but I am after some insight as to how common this is within Enterprise and SMB networks.

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• Can I ping via an arbitrary interface of a DD-WRT system?

  - by bytebuster

  There's a Linksys WRT54GL router with DD-WRT firmware (v23SP2). The network has a simple dual-WAN configuration (standby mode, switching by a script): ~ # ip route 192.168.3.0/24 dev br0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.3.1 192.168.2.0/24 dev vlan2 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.2.2 192.168.1.0/24 dev vlan1 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.1.67 127.0.0.0/8 dev lo scope link default via 192.168.2.1 dev vlan2 I'm trying to ping a certain server arbitrary via vlan1 or vlan2. What I tried, as suggested here: ping -I vlan2 <address> ping 192.168.2.1 <address> In both cases ping simply exits with no error messages. Also, ping ignores many other parameters, again, by exiting silently. I failed to find any references that DD-WRT has a limited version of ping whatsoever. I also don't think it can be a permissions issue as mentioned here since the only user with DD-WRT is root. What's wrong?

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• Best DSL hardware for ADSL Troubleshooting

  - by Jeff Sacksteder

  I have a situation where I need to make the best of a bad DSL situation. The CPE is a black box with no access to DSL diagnostics. My plan is to get some sort of DSL hardware that exposes link-layer state and gives me knobs to tweak. I'd like to be able to mitigate bufferbloat as much as I can while I'm at it. The obvious choice would seem to be a Sangoma card in a linux system. I have no way of knowing if that will do anything for me without testing it, however. I have no other access to WAN troubleshooting equipment. Are there any other options avail to me as a consumer?

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• Which interface defines the physical address of a Dialup connection

  - by Debabratta

  I use dial up connection to connect to the Internet. When I type ipconfig/all in the command prompt it shows me a physical address along with description for the dial up connection. The description field shows WAN(PPP/SLIP)Interface. I want to know upon which this physical address depends? It depends on my computer or ISP. On changing my ISP, physical address for this dialup connection will change or remain same? Please give some idea.

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• ETL mechanisms for MySQL to SQL Server over WAN

  - by Troy Hunt

  I’m looking for some feedback on mechanisms to batch data from MySQL Community Server 5.1.32 with an external host down to an internal SQL Server 05 Enterprise machine over VPN. The external box accumulates data throughout business hours (about 100Mb per day), which then needs to be transferred internationally across a WAN connection to an internal corporate environment before some BI work is performed. This should just be change-sets making their way down each night. I’m interested in thoughts on the ETL mechanisms people have successfully used in similar scenarios before. SSIS seems like a potential candidate; can anyone comment on the suitability for this scenario? Alternatively, other thoughts on how to do this in a cost-conscious way would be most appreciated. Thanks!

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• IPv6 - Public IPs, private IPs, IPs derived from the MAC address? Confused!

  - by sinni800

  I'm pretty much excited for IPv6 because of the large address room and (potential?) owning of more than one IP, or even tens of IPs (/122 subnet?) Though one magazine has now confused me. In a current issue (no. 3) of "CT", a German computer magazine, I read that when using IPv6 your IP address consists of your MAC address and various other things, and that this address will be public on the web, no matter what access point / LAN you connect to. My knowledge of IP(v6) is in contrary of this. I thought you will normally always have a a local network IP and NAT takes care of your Internet access, and your provider gives the NAT router an IP. I've heard of the 6to4 interface, but does this one give you your own ip in the IPv6 net? Personally I hope it still is through a personal IP space (like 192.168, 127.16-31, 10. in IPv4) in private networks with a NAT going to the Internet. And also I hope that providers will offer subnets to private customers so they don't have to use NAT anymore. Yay for converting your LAN into the WAN and using better security (so Computers from the same subnet still get access rights like normal).

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• Linux as a router for public networks

  - by nixnotwin

  My ISP had given me a /30 network. Later, when I wanted more public ips, I requested for a /29 network. I was told to keep using my earlier /30 network on the interface which is facing ISP, and the newly given /29 network should be used on the other interface which connects to my NAT router and servers. This is what I got from the isp: WAN IP: 179.xxx.4.128/30 CUSTOMER IP : 179.xxx.4.130 ISP GATEWAY IP:179.xxx.4.129 SUBNET : 255.255.255.252 LAN IPS: 179.xxx.139.224/29 GATEWAY IP :179.xxx.139.225 SUBNET : 255.255.255.248 I have a Ubuntu pc which has two interfaces. So I am planning to do the following: eth0 will be given 179.xxx.4.130/30 gateway 179.xxx.4.129 eth1 will be given 179.xxx.139.225/29 And I will have the following in the /etc/sysctl.conf: net.ipv4.ip_forward=1 These will be iptables rules: iptables -A FORWARD -i eth0 -o eth1 -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -i eth1 -o eth0 -j ACCEPT My clients which have the ips 179.xxx.139.226/29 and 179.xxx.139.227/29 will be made to use 179.xxx.139.225/29 as gateway. Will this configuration work for me? Any comments? If it works, what iptables rules can I use to have a bit of security? P.S. Both networks are non-private and there is no NATing.

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• Troubleshoot port forwarding. Could it be ISP blocking incoming connections?

  - by Gravy

  Had a new Axis IP camera delivered yesterday. Plugged into Cisco E2400 Wireless Router but having problems. Example topology: WAN IP: 10.10.10.10 (example) Cisco Router: 192.168.1.1 Axis Camera: 192.168.1.10:80 Port forwarding rules set up on router External Port: 999 Internal Port: 80 Protocol: TCP & UDP Device IP: 192.168.1.10:80 Enabled: True Trying to connect from within the lan to 192.168.1.1:80 from within browser - Works properly. Trying to connect from within the lan to 10:10:10:10:999 from within browser - Works properly. Trying to connect from outside the LAN (e.g. via 3g or another isp) to 10:10:10:10:999 from within browser - Doesnt work. I get the following errors from different machines / browsers: Safari could not open the page because the server stopped responding (IOS) The server at xx.xx.xx.xx is taking too long to respond. (firefox) This problem is not just for the Axis camera. I am also having similar problems connecting to my NAS drive. After using a web based port scanning tool, it appears as though port 999 is closed. Not certain why when I have set up port forwarding within the router. Any troubleshooting suggestions to help me determine whether the problem is with my Cisco settings / firewall or whether it could be my ISP blocking incoming connection requests? Many thanks

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• Multimedia files written over WAN are getting truncated

  - by Dean

  I use the windows Multimedia API to create .wav files. 1. Open file with mmsioOpen 2. Creates WAVE,frm and data chunks using mmioCreateChunk 3. Write audio data using mmioWrite 4. Ascend out of the chunks using mmioAscend 5. Close file using mmioClose The file is being written into a temporary location, so after it has been closed it gets copied to another location using the CopyFile. This program is written in C++ and works great until the file it is writing resides over a WAN in a different city or country. The end result is a wav file that should be 20-30 seconds long ends up being 4 secodns long. It is always the last bit that is missing, so when you play it back it just stops before then of the recording. I initially thought that maybe I was copying the file too soon so as a test I put in a pause of 30 seconds after closing the file using Sleep(30000), but this made no difference to either it being truncated or by how much. I have modified the program to write to a file in parrallel using CreateFile and WriteFile, and the result is the same, so it is not an issue specifically with the mmio API's. Does anyone have any ideas why this is happening and if there is a work-around to it? I suspect that I may end up having the temporary location on the local drive, but this is quite a big change to the application as well as existing deployments. thanks for everyones time Dean

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• Low Throughput on Windows Named Pipe Over WAN

  - by MichaelB76

  I'm having problems with low performance using a Windows named pipe. The throughput drops off rapidly as the network latency increases. There is a roughly linear relationship between messages sent per second and round trip time. It seems that the client must ack each message before the server will send the next one. This leads to very poor performance, I can only send 5 (~100 byte) messages per second over a link with an RTT of 200 ms. The pipe is asynchronous, using multiple overlapped write operations (and multiple overlapped reads at the client end), but this is not improving throughput. Is it possible to send messages in parallel over a named pipe? The pipe is created using PIPE_TYPE_MESSAGE, would PIPE_READMODE_BYTE work better? Is there any other way I can improve performance? This is a deployed solution, so I can't simply replace the pipe with a socket connection (I've read that Windows named pipe aren't recommended for use over a WAN, and I'm wondering if this is why). I'd be grateful for any help with this matter.

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• Persistent Issues on small business network using Cisco 871W and Catalyst Express 500

  - by Ben Campbell

  Being the most qualified (read: still not qualified) to solve our persistant network issues, I've turned to serverfault for guidance. I've done some searching, reading related documentation on cisco.com and tried a bit of troubleshooting. Here is the config: 100mb synchronous connection from a business internet provider (tested multiple times at 100meg at the source) Cisco 871W wireless point & router is where the WAN connection starts (this serves all our wireless). The only wired connection in the 871W is the Catalyst switch listed below. Cisco Catalyst Express 500 (24TT) is where all the wired connections terminate. About 20 Windows workstations and servers (AD/Webservers only). Some services in EC2 including mail and other web servers/apps. I've been TOLD cabling internally should be gigabit-ready. Here are the problems: generally slow download rates from the internet to the desktop/laptop frequent "page cannot be displayed" errors in browsers-sometimes 3 or 4 reloads are necessary... often times CSS wont load or other content requiring the browser to connect to a different server. slow speed within the LAN from workstation to workstation copying files. I would expect extremely fast data transfer workstation to workstation / server to workstation in this simple network. Several things I need to admit: I'm not primarily a network guy. Funding is relatively low, I need to be the guy that finds the solution. I understand most of the terminology and most of the technology. Implementation is where I fail due to lack of experience. Getting to the point: I'm wondering whether experienced network admins think that our small network should be sufficiently served with our current hardware if configured properly... or if we should purchase new equipment and start fresh? If starting fresh is the plan, whatever that new equipment may be is a likely different question entirely. If I haven't provided enough information, I will happily do some troubleshooting and update with the results. I have experience using wireshark and some other tools. Please let me know what you think would be most helpful and thanks in advance. EDIT: I forgot to add that the Cisco applicance will not finish loading the SDM Express console. It hangs every time at the "populating modules... DHCP". It eventually crashes and closes. I've rebooted the hardware and this still happens.

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• Formatting data from management database

  - by bVector

  I've got some data that goes like this: Config_Name Question Answer Cisco WAN Sensitivity: High Cisco WAN Authorized Users: Brent, Charles Cisco WAN Last Audited: n/a Cisco WAN Next Audit: 3/30/2012 Cisco WAN Audit Signature: Cisco WAN Username: MYCOMPANY Cisco WAN Password: Cisco WAN Encrypted-A ENCRYPTED DATA Cisco WAN Encrypted-B Cisco WAN Encrypted-C vCenter server Sensitivity: High vCenter server Authorized Users: Brent, Charles vCenter server Last Audited: vCenter server Next Audit: 3/30/2012 vCenter server Audit Signature: ENCRYPTED DATA vCenter server Username: administrator vCenter server Password: vCenter server Encrypted-A ENCRYPTED DATA vCenter server Encrypted-B vCenter server Encrypted-C AKSC-NE01 IPMI Sensitivity: High AKSC-NE01 IPMI Authorized Users: Brent, Charles AKSC-NE01 IPMI Last Audited: AKSC-NE01 IPMI Next Audit: 3/30/2012 AKSC-NE01 IPMI Audit Signature: ENCRYPTED DATA AKSC-NE01 IPMI Username: MYCOMPANY AKSC-NE01 IPMI Password: AKSC-NE01 IPMI Encrypted-A ENCRYPTED DATA AKSC-NE01 IPMI Encrypted-B AKSC-NE01 IPMI Encrypted-C and I need it to be in this format: Config_Name Sensitivity: Authorized Users: Last Audited: Next Audit: Audit Signature: Username: Password: Encrypted-A Encrypted-B Encrypted-C AKSC-NE01 IPMI High Brent, Charles 3/30/2012 ENCRYPTED DATA MYCOMPANY ENCRYPTED DATA Cisco ASA5505 WAN High Brent, Charles n/a 3/30/2012 ENCRYPTED DATA MYCOMPANY ENCRYPTED DATA vCenter server High Brent, Charles 3/30/2012 ENCRYPTED DATA administrator ENCRYPTED DATA the tabs get messed up on here but hopefully you get my drift. does anyone know an easy way to do this? I haven't found one with excel just yet.

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• Ping flood attack every 5 seconds

  - by Mario

  My router's log, which is a D-Link DIR-600, shows 40 pages (and updating) of entries like: Nov 19 11:17:08 PING-FLOODING flooding attack from WAN (ip:85.250.85.11) detected. Nov 19 11:17:02 PING-FLOODING flooding attack from WAN (ip:85.131.129.176) detected. Nov 19 11:16:57 PING-FLOODING flooding attack from WAN (ip:122.107.244.152) detected. Nov 19 11:16:50 PING-FLOODING flooding attack from WAN (ip:88.103.8.96) detected. Nov 19 11:16:46 PING-FLOODING flooding attack from WAN (ip:212.142.91.106) detected. Nov 19 11:16:38 PING-FLOODING flooding attack from WAN (ip:184.170.6.63) detected. Nov 19 11:16:34 PING-FLOODING flooding attack from WAN (ip:1.239.96.192) detected. Nov 19 11:16:26 PING-FLOODING flooding attack from WAN (ip:120.29.76.184) detected. Nov 19 11:16:20 PING-FLOODING flooding attack from WAN (ip:110.77.137.228) detected. Nov 19 11:16:15 PING-FLOODING flooding attack from WAN (ip:201.141.51.210) detected. What should I do? ICMP is disabled (router does not respond to WAN pings).

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• SMB2 traffic crashes network?

  - by Phil Cross

  We've been having significant network slowdown issues over the past few weeks, primarily on a Friday morning. We run Windows 7 client machines, with Windows Server 2008 R2 servers. What generally happens is the network starts to slow down massively at 08:55 and resumes normal speeds at around 09:20 This affects everything on the network from logging on, resetting passwords, opening programs and files etc. On my client machine, Physical Memory usage remains at around 40% (normal) and CPU usage hovers around 0-10% idle. The servers show memory usage spikes massively and remains quite intense during the times mentioned above. I have taken several wireshark captures, both during the slowdown and when the network operates fine. One of the main things I noticed is the increase in SMB2 entries in the wireshark log during the slowdown. Record Time Source Destination Protocol Length Info 382 3.976460000 10.47.35.11 10.47.32.3 SMB2 362 Create Request File: pcross\My Documents 413 4.525047000 10.47.35.11 10.47.32.3 SMB2 146 Close Request File: pcross\My Documents 441 5.235927000 10.47.32.3 10.47.35.11 SMB2 298 Create Response File: pcross\My Documents\Downloads 442 5.236199000 10.47.35.11 10.47.32.3 SMB2 260 Find Request File: pcross\My Documents\Downloads SMB2_FIND_ID_BOTH_DIRECTORY_INFO Pattern: *;Find Request File: pcross\My Documents\Downloads SMB2_FIND_ID_BOTH_DIRECTORY_INFO Pattern: * 573 6.327634000 10.47.35.11 10.47.32.3 SMB2 146 Close Request File: pcross\My Documents\Downloads 703 7.664186000 10.47.35.11 10.47.32.3 SMB2 394 Create Request File: pcross\My Documents\Downloads\WestlandsProspectus\P24 __ P21.pdf These are some of the SMB2 records from a list of a couple of hundred which original from my computer with a destination of the fileserver. One of the interesting things to note is the last entry in the examples above is for a PDF file. That file was not open anywhere on my computer, or on anyone elses. No folders with the files in were open either. When I took another capture when the network was running fine, there were hardly any SMB2 entries, and the ones that were displayed were mainly from Wireshark. We currently have around 800 computers, 90 Macs and 200 Laptops and Netbooks. Our concern is if this traffic is happening on my computer, is it happening on other computers, and if so, would those computers be adding to the slow network issues? Again, this only happens during certain times. We're pretty sure its not the our antivirus. Is there anything to narrow down whats initializing this SMB traffic during the particular times? Or if anyone has any extra advice, or links to resources it would be appreciate.

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• Site to Site VPN with Fault Tolerence

  - by Nordberg

  Hello, I have a situation where I require an IPSEC tunnel between two sites. Site 2 is a small branch office with basic (ADSL) connectivity and Site 1 is the "main" office with SDSL and ADSL for redundancy should the SDSL fail. From Site 1, all traffic bound for the 172.0.0.0 network will then be sent down another IPSEC tunnel to a supplier's Remote Server. See this page for the basic premise (this is a rough idea and things can be moved about etc...) I am considering specifying Cisco ASA devices as the firewalls for both sites for all connections. Would it be possible to employ something like HSRC to provide a backup at Site 1 should the SDSL go down? I suppose the key aims here are that Site 2 can somehow failover to initiate a VPN to the ASA behind the ADSL at Site 1. I will have a 21 subnet mask on all internet connections so can play with Class C routing if need be... If I'm barking up the wrong tree with HSRC, is there another way I can acheive this without massive expenditure on Barracuda routers et al? Many Thanks.

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• Bandwidth sizing for simultaneous RDP sessions

  - by Gareth Marlow

  We're doing some DR scenario planning which will require up to 150 users to RDP into their desktop machines (mainly running Windows XP) over our VPN. We have a 2mbit uncontended internet connection at the moment but there's scope to upgrade this and also to use a secondary SDSL line to give us more bandwidth. Typical bandwidth figures I've seen suggest to plan for 64kbps per session, which works out to 9.6mbps in total. I'd like to know: Does anyone have any real-world data which would support these estimates? Are there any operational 'gotcha's that we need to be aware of? Thanks!

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• static routes, cisco ASA, remote locations

  - by Jeff

  192.168.3.1(ASA) - 192.168.2.1(ASA) - ( internet ) - 192.168.1.1(ASA) DomainController, FS, Exchange 192.168.0.1(ASA) - above is a rough idea what my network setup looks like. each internal ip (192.168.x.x) is located behind an ASA. Each location has a different gateway for the internet. They all talk to the 192.168.1.1 network for dns, dhcp, dc, exchange and so on. They can only see the 192.168.1.1, they can not see each other. In my Static Routes on my 192.168.1.1 ASA, should i have them configure as follows? example: 192.168.x.x 255.255.255.0 Locations_Internet_Gateway_IP OR 192.168.x.x 255.255.255.0 Main_Locations_Internet_Gateway_IP not sure which configurtation is correct, thanks in advance for any help!

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• ISP Load Balancing with ISA 2006

  - by Bill Best

  I understand that ISA 2006 has an integrated Network Load Balancing feature. We also recently acquired a second internet line through a second service provider. I know it is possible to purchase a NLB router for using both incoming lines but this is not the route we would like to take if at all possible. Thus, is it possible to have two ISA 2006 servers each with there own external connection, Load balanced to be viewed as one gateway? My thought was to have two ISA servers each with three NICs, one external, one internal and one for cross communication. I am under the impression that this should work but was hoping someone else has had experience with it.

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• Best way to split LAN computers on two WANs (not load balancing)

  - by lpfavreau

  What is the best way to split the computers of a LAN (about 50 computers) to go on two WANs, depending on the computers' IP address or computers' configuration (gateway). I'm not looking for load-balancing, I need to be able to route which computer uses which Internet connection. A solution would be to rewire the old office to split the two distinct groups that need to use two different Internet connections but I'm not sure it's worth it at the moment. I have a pfSense router configured with the LAN (DHCP), WAN1 and WAN2. I also have the IP addresses (and ability to configure) the next router on WAN1 and the one on WAN2. What would you suggest? Routing based on IP addresses ranges? Different gateways? VLANs would be difficult for the same reason as to why rewire is a bit complicated. Thanks!

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• How to reliably synchronise file servers between London and Shanghai?

  - by Andy S

  We have two offices, one in London and one in Shanghai, each needing to be able to access the same set of files. This means we need a solid, speedy means of synchronising a set of folders between servers at either office. They're likely to be Windows servers, but we could look at Linux boxes if the software side makes more sense on *nix. We've considered Rsync, Unison, Gluster, and a few other options, but none of them seem capable of reliably keeping the servers in sync between such distant office locations. Each office is on DSL connectivity over the open internet, so encryption is also a factor. Does anyone have any hints for getting the servers synchronising in as close to real time as possible, without dying constantly? Andy

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• Cisco training basic, entry, ASA/PIX. Help to understand network

  - by Inbr3d

  I need to learn how to configure Cisco ASA/PIX boxes within my network. I have the task to impliment a new ASA 5505 into a new site we purchased. I have over 9 devices linking my sites together and with no support from the previous IT company im finding it hard to get to terms with what they can do and what they are currently doing. I know there are hundreds of guides how to configure them but into an existing environment? can anyone recommend courses within the UK that can help me? Im not much of a book reader, i would need to be able to manage my network after. also, should i seek external contracts to support these devices? as they are critical for our work. thanks

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