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• Is SSL to the proxy good enough?

  - by Josh Smeaton

  We are currently trying to decide on how best to do SSL traffic in our environment. We have an externally facing Apache proxy server that is responsible for directing all traffic into our environment. It is also doing the SSL work for the majority of our servers. There are one or two IIS servers in particular that are doing their own SSL, but they are also behind the proxy. I'm wondering, is SSL to the proxy good enough? It would mean that traffic within our network is identifiable, but is that such a big deal?

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• SSL certificates - best bang for your buck [closed]

  - by Dunnie

  I am in the process of setting up an online store. This is the first project I have attempted which will require a good level of security, so I recognise that an decent SSL certificate is a must. My current (albeit admittedly basic) understanding of the options are: DV SSL - more or less pointless, as provides no verification. OV SSL - better, as provides a basic level of organisational verification. EV SSL - 'better, full' verification, but much more expensive. As this is a new business venture, and budgets are tight, which option provides the best bang for my buck? I have read questions such as EV SSL Certificates - does anyone care? which suggest that EV certificates are a bit of a con. Does this mean that OV certificates offer better value for money, especially for new businesses with shallow pockets?

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• SSL is not enabled in Heroku

  - by Drom

  Since Heroku has integrated the piggybank_ssl addon by default, trying: heroku addons:add piggyback_ssl or heroku addons:add ssl:piggyback results in: ! This add-on is now a standard Heroku platform feature. ! Your apps can already use piggyback SSL. But, accessing: mywebsite.herokuapp.com results in: SSL is not enabled mywebsite.herokuapp.com does not have SSL enabled. My production.rb has: config.force_ssl = true What am I missing? Update I have read the page SSL on Heroku, but it's obsolete, they suggest to run: heroku addons:add piggyback_ssl Which is no longer necessary. SOLVED ! I don't change anything, and now it's working. It seems that it was a heroku problem.

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• SSL on multiple directories

  - by Shredder

  I have a website that is http, but has a port set up for https for a specific directory that is for the shopping cart. Now I'd like to use our SSL on a different directory in the same site as well. How can I go about configuring that? I have tried looking into all of the config files as well as the docs and cannot figure it out. I tried setting this in httpd.config as well <VirtualHost 127.0.0.1:[ssl port]> #also tried *:[ssl port] and [actual IP]:[ssl port] ServerAdmin [email protected] DocumentRoot "C:/path/sslNeededDir" ServerName www.example.com </VirtualHost> hoping that it would cause pages in this directory to use ssl port and become https, but that didn't do anything. Any help is greatly appreciated. Update: This finally got migrated over. I'm still looking for a solid answer on this. If anyone could help me, it would be greatly appreciated.

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• Apache ProxyPass with SSL

  - by BBonifield

  I have a QA setup that consists of multiple internal development servers and one world-accessible provisioning machine that is setup to proxy pass the web traffic. Everything works fine for non-SSL requests, but I'm having a hard time getting the SSL logic working as well. Here's a few example vhost blocks. <VirtualHost 192.168.168.101:443> ProxyPreserveHost On SSLProxyEngine On ProxyPass / https://192.168.168.111/ ServerName dev1.site.com </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost 192.168.168.101:80> ProxyPreserveHost On ProxyPass / http://192.168.168.111/ ServerName dev1.site.com </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost 192.168.168.101:443> ProxyPreserveHost On SSLProxyEngine On ProxyPass / https://192.168.168.111/ ServerName dev2.site.com </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost 192.168.168.101:80> ProxyPreserveHost On ProxyPass / http://192.168.168.111/ ServerName dev2.site.com </VirtualHost> I end up seeing the following error in the provisioner's error log. [Fri Jan 28 12:50:59 2011] [warn] [client 1.2.3.4] proxy: no HTTP 0.9 request (with no host line) on incoming request and preserve host set forcing hostname to be dev1.site.com for uri / As well as the following entry in the destination QA machine's access log. 192.168.168.101 - - [22/Feb/2011:08:34:56 -0600] "\x16\x03\x01 / HTTP/1.1" 301 326 "-" "-"

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• SSL certificates work fine from command line but fails in script

  - by jrallison

  I'm trying to setup email notifications for my continuous integration server. I have a script which uses nail to send the email when the build works: #!/bin/bash echo "Build Worked!" | nail -A myisp -s 'Build Success' [email protected] When I run this from the command line with sh build-worked, it works and I receive the email. However, when I start the continuous integration server which executes the same script, I get the following error: nail: /opt/bitnami/common/lib/libssl.so.0.9.8: no version information available (required by nail) nail: /opt/bitnami/common/lib/libcrypto.so.0.9.8: no version information available (required by nail) Error with certificate at depth: 0 issuer = /C=ZA/ST=Western Cape/L=Cape Town/O=Thawte Consulting cc/OU=Certification Services Division/CN=Thawte Premium Server CA/[email protected] subject = /C=US/ST=California/L=Mountain View/O=Google Inc/CN=smtp.gmail.com err 20: unable to get local issuer certificate Continue (y/n)? could not initiate SSL/TLS connection: error:14090086:SSL routines:SSL3_GET_SERVER_CERTIFICATE:certificate verify failed . . . message not sent. I must be messing some configuration, any ideas?

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• SSL stops working on IIS7 after a reboot

  - by Mark Seemann

  I have a Windows 2008 Server with IIS7. Every time the server reboots, SSL stops working. Normal HTTP requests work fine, but any request to an HTTPS address gives the typical error message in the browser: Cannot find server or DNS I can temporarily fix it by opening IIS Manager and bring up the Bindings… window for the website in question. Then I select “https”, click on “Edit” then click “Ok” without making any changes to the settings. After doing this, browsing to https:// works again until the next reboot. This issue look as lot like the one described here, but according to the Certificates MMC snapin, the certificate in question does have a private key. I'm also pretty sure that I never installed the certificate in the personal store, but imported it straight into the machine store, but it's been a while... There's not a lot in the event log apart from the event ID 36870 also described in the post I linked to. Can anyone help me troubleshoot this issue so that SSL will work even after a server reboot?

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• Apache ProxyPass with SSL

  - by BBonifield

  I have a QA setup that consists of multiple internal development servers and one world-accessible provisioning machine that is setup to proxy pass the web traffic. Everything works fine for non-SSL requests, but I'm having a hard time getting the SSL logic working as well. Here's a few example vhost blocks. <VirtualHost 192.168.168.101:443> ProxyPreserveHost On SSLProxyEngine On ProxyPass / https://192.168.168.111/ ServerName dev1.site.com </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost 192.168.168.101:80> ProxyPreserveHost On ProxyPass / http://192.168.168.111/ ServerName dev1.site.com </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost 192.168.168.101:443> ProxyPreserveHost On SSLProxyEngine On ProxyPass / https://192.168.168.111/ ServerName dev2.site.com </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost 192.168.168.101:80> ProxyPreserveHost On ProxyPass / http://192.168.168.111/ ServerName dev2.site.com </VirtualHost> I end up seeing the following error in the provisioner's error log. [Fri Jan 28 12:50:59 2011] [warn] [client 1.2.3.4] proxy: no HTTP 0.9 request (with no host line) on incoming request and preserve host set forcing hostname to be dev1.site.com for uri / As well as the following entry in the destination QA machine's access log. 192.168.168.101 - - [22/Feb/2011:08:34:56 -0600] "\x16\x03\x01 / HTTP/1.1" 301 326 "-" "-"

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• SSL certificates work fine from command line but fail in script

  - by jrallison

  I'm trying to setup email notifications for my continuous integration server. I have a script which uses nail to send the email when the build works: #!/bin/bash echo "Build Worked!" | nail -A myisp -s 'Build Success' [email protected] When I run this from the command line with sh build-worked, it works and I receive the email. However, when I start the continuous integration server which executes the same script, I get the following error: nail: /opt/bitnami/common/lib/libssl.so.0.9.8: no version information available (required by nail) nail: /opt/bitnami/common/lib/libcrypto.so.0.9.8: no version information available (required by nail) Error with certificate at depth: 0 issuer = /C=ZA/ST=Western Cape/L=Cape Town/O=Thawte Consulting cc/OU=Certification Services Division/CN=Thawte Premium Server CA/[email protected] subject = /C=US/ST=California/L=Mountain View/O=Google Inc/CN=smtp.gmail.com err 20: unable to get local issuer certificate Continue (y/n)? could not initiate SSL/TLS connection: error:14090086:SSL routines:SSL3_GET_SERVER_CERTIFICATE:certificate verify failed . . . message not sent. I must be messing some configuration, any ideas?

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• SSL Returning Blank Page, No Catalina Errors

  - by Mr.Peabody

  This is my second, maybe third, time configuring SSL with Tomcat. Earlier I had created a self signed, which worked, and now using my signed is proving fruitless. I am using Tomcat, operating from the Amazon Linux API. When using the signed cert/keystore, my server is starting normally without errors. However, when trying to navigate to the domain it is giving me an "ERR_SSL_VERSION_OR_CIPHER_MISMATCH" error. My server.xml file looks as follows: <Connector port="8443" maxHttpHeaderSize="8192" maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="25" maxSpareThreads="75" enableLookups="false" disableUploadTimeout="true" acceptCount="100" scheme="https" secure="true" SSLEnabled="true" clientAuth="false" sslProtocol="TLS" keystoreFile="/home/ec2-user/.keystore/starchild.jks" keystorePass="d6b5385812252f180b961aa3630df504" /> It couldn't hurt to also mention that I'm using a wildcard certificate. Please let me know if anything looks amiss! EDIT: After looking more into this, I've determined there may be nothing is wrong with the Server.xml, or the listening ports. This is becoming more of an actual certificate error, as the curl request is giving me this error: curl: (35) Unknown SSL protocol error in connection to jira.mywebsite.com:-9824 Though, I can't seem to figure out what the "-9824" is. When comparing this curl to another similar setup (using the same Wildcard Certificate) it's turning up the full handshake, which is to be expected. I believe this is now between the protocol/cypher set default on JIRA servers.

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• both ssl and non-ssl on single port

  - by Zulakis

  I would like to make my apache2 webserver serve both http and https on the same port. With the different method i tried it was either not working on http or on https.. How can I do this? Update: If I enable SSL and then visit the with http I get page like this: <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0//EN"> <html><head> <title>400 Bad Request</title> </head><body> <h1>Bad Request</h1> <p>Your browser sent a request that this server could not understand.<br /> Reason: You're speaking plain HTTP to an SSL-enabled server port.<br /> Instead use the HTTPS scheme to access this URL, please.<br /> <blockquote>Hint: <a href="https://server/"><b>https://server/</b></a></blockquote></p> <hr> <address>Apache/2.2.9 (Debian) PHP/5.2.6-1+lenny16 with Suhosin-Patch mod_ssl/2.2.9 OpenSSL/0.9.8g Server at server Port 443</address> </body></html> Because of this, it seems very much possible to have both http and https on the same port. A first step would be to change this default-page so it would present a 301-Moved header. Update2: According to this, it is possible. Now, the question is just how to configure apache to do it.

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• Client unable to access OWA website after temporarily changing SSL certificate on the server

  - by Lorenz Meyer

  I have the following issue: One client computer (Windows XP) cannot access the OWA website. All other client computers can (Except another one in the same remote office). How this happened: I temporarily changed the SSL certificate on the Exchange Server yesterday. After a few minutes, I reverted back, an now the same certificate that was installed for years is back again. During these few minutes, they were in OWA on this computer and got a certificate error. What exactly happens: Internet Explorer displays the error Internet Explorer cannot display the webpage, Firefox displays The connection was reset and Crome shows This webpage is not available. The connection to ... was interrupted. What I already did to try to get this working: Restart the client computer Restart the exchange server Deleted Internet Explorer browsing history In IE, Internet Options, tab Content, under Certificates deletes SSL cache Restored Internet Explorer to the default parameters I looked into certmgr.msc, but did not find a certificate related to the issue What could I do else to narrow down the origin of this problem (or better: resolve it) ? Can you give any advice ?

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• Updated Security Baseline (7u45) impacts Java 7u40 and before with High Security settings

  - by costlow

  The Java Security Baseline has been increased from 7u25 to 7u45.  For versions of Java below 7u45, this means unsigned Java applets or Java applets that depend on Javascript LiveConnect calls will be blocked when using the High Security setting in the Java Control Panel. This issue only affects Applets and Web Start applications. It does not affect other types of Java applications. The Short Answer Users upgrading to Java 7 update 45 will automatically fix this and is strongly recommended. The More Detailed Answer There are two items involved as described on the deployment flowchart: The Security Baseline – a dynamically updated attribute that checks to see which Java version contains the most recent security patches. The Security Slider – the user-controlled setting of when to prompt/run/block applets. The Security Baseline Java clients periodically check in to understand what version contains the most recent security patches. Versions are released in-between that contain bug fixes. For example: 7u25 (July 2013) was the previous secure baseline. 7u40 contained bug fixes. Because this did not contain security patches, users were not required to upgrade and were welcome to remain on 7u25. When 7u45 was released (October, 2013), this critical patch update contained security patches and raised the secure baseline. Users are required to upgrade from earlier versions. For users that are not regularly connected to the internet, there is a built in Expiration Date. Because of the pre-established quarterly critical patch updates, we are able to determine an approximate date of the next version. A critical patch released in July will have its successor released, at latest, in July + 3 months: October. The Security Slider The security slider is located within the Java control panel and determines which Applets & Web Start applications will prompt, which will run, and which will be blocked. One of the questions used to determine prompt/run/block is, “At or Above the Security Baseline.” The Combination JavaScript calls made from LiveConnect do not reside within signed JAR files, so they are considered to be unsigned code. This is correct within networked systems even if the domain uses HTTPS because signed JAR files represent signed "data at rest" whereas TLS (often called SSL) literally stands for "Transport Level Security" and secures the communication channel, not the contents/code within the channel. The resulting flow of users who click "update later" is: Is the browser plug-in registered and allowed to run? Yes. Does a rule exist for this RIA? No rules apply. Does the RIA have a valid signature? Yes and not revoked. Which security prompt is needed? JRE is below the baseline. This is because 7u45 is the baseline and the user, clicked "upgrade later." Under the default High setting, Unsigned code is set to "Don’t Run" so users see: Additional Notes End Users can control their own security slider within the control panel. System Administrators can customize the security slider during automated installations. As a reminder, in the future, Java 7u51 (January 2014) will block unsigned and self-signed Applets & Web Start applications by default.

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• Web service SSL handshake fails in production environment unless SSL debugging enabled

  - by JST

  Scenario: calling a client web service over SSL (https) with mutual SSL authentication. Different service endpoint URLs and certs (both keystore and truststore) for test vs. production environments. Both test and production environments run tomcat / JBoss clustered. Production environment has load balancing / BigIP, runs Blade and non-Blade machines. Truststore is set (using -Djavax.net.ssl.trustStore=value) at startup. Keystore is set using System.setProperty("javax.net.ssl.keyStore", "value") in Java code. Web service call made using Axis2. All works fine in test environment, but when we moved to production environment (6 servers), it appears certs are not being forwarded for the handshake. Here's what we've done: in test environment, handshake using test versions of certs has been working all along, with no ssl debugging enabled confirmed in test environment that handshake with client production endpoint succeeds (production certs, both ours and theirs, are fine) -- this was done using -Djavax.net.debug=handshake,ssl confirmed that the error condition occurs on all 6 production servers took one server out of the cluster, turned on ssl debugging for just that one (with a restart), hit it directly, handshake works! switched to a different server without the debugging turned on, handshake error condition occurs turned debugging on on that second server (with a restart), hit it directly, handshake works! From the evidence, it seems like somehow the debugging being enabled causes the certificates to be properly retrieved/conveyed, although that makes no sense! I wonder whether somehow the enabled debugging makes the system pay attention to the System.setProperty call, and ignore it otherwise. However, in local and test environments, handshake worked without debugging enabled. Do I maybe need to be setting keystore on server startup like I'm setting truststore? Have been avoiding that because the keystore will differ for each of our test environments (16 of them).

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• Websphere SSL handshake with active directory cluster

  - by ring bearer

  We have a WebSphere based application that uses Active Directory(AD) based security configurations. Under WebSphere "Global security" we have configured the active directory server and connection parameters. Active directory server is actually a cluster of four servers, say, serverdc01, serverdc02,serverdc03 and serverdc04. Each of these servers have their own root certificate with CN=serverdc01, CN=serverdc02 ..so on. So to set up SSL communication, I need to retrieve certificate of active directory and save it in WebSphere's trust store. When I retrieve certificate by putting AD server name, port and retrieve certificate I randomly get certificate of one of the serverdc01,serverdc02 ... Then I save that certificate to trust store. Question is : Do I have to save certificate from each of the serverdc01,serverdc02 ...in cluster to WebSphere's trust store? What are general strategies so that each server in the cluster does not require its own root certificate?

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• Configured MySQL for SSL , but SLL is still not in use..!

  - by Sunrays

  I configured SSL for MySQL using the following script. #!/bin/bash # mkdir -p /root/abc/ssl_certs cd /root/abc/ssl_certs # echo "--> 1. Create CA cert, private key" openssl genrsa 2048 > ca-key.pem echo "--> 2. Create CA cert, certificate" openssl req -new -x509 -nodes -days 1000 -key ca-key.pem > ca-cert.pem echo "--> 3. Create Server certificate, key" openssl req -newkey rsa:2048 -days 1000 -nodes -keyout server-key.pem > server-req.pem echo "--> 4. Create Server certificate, cert" openssl x509 -req -in server-req.pem -days 1000 -CA ca-cert.pem -CAkey ca-key.pem -set_serial 01 > server-cert.pem echo "" echo echo "" echo "--> 5. Create client certificate, key. Use DIFFERENT common name then server!!!!" echo "" openssl req -newkey rsa:2048 -days 1000 -nodes -keyout client-key.pem > client-req.pem echo "6. Create client certificate, cert" openssl x509 -req -in client-req.pem -days 1000 -CA ca-cert.pem -CAkey ca-key.pem -set_serial 01 > client-cert.pem exit 0 The following files were created: ca-key.pem ca-cert.pem server-req.pem server-key.pem server-cert.pem client-req.pem client-key.pem client-cert.pem Then I combined server-cert.pem and client-cert.pem into ca.pem (I read in a post to do so..) I created a ssl user in MySQL: GRANT ALL ON *.* to sslsuer@hostname IDENTIFIED BY 'pwd' REQUIRE SSL; Next I added the following in my.cnf [mysqld] ssl-ca = /root/abc/ssl_certs/ca.pem ssl-cert = /root/abc/ssl_certs/server-cert.pem ssl-key = /root/abc/ssl_certs/server-key.pem After restarting the server,I connected to mysql but SSL was still not in use :( mysql -u ssluser -p SSL: Not in use Even the have_ssl parameter was still showing disabled.. :( mysql> show variables like '%ssl%'; +---------------+---------------------------------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +---------------+---------------------------------------------+ | have_openssl | DISABLED | | have_ssl | DISABLED | | ssl_ca | /root/abc/ssl_certs/ca.pem | | ssl_capath | | | ssl_cert | /root/abc/ssl_certs/server-cert.pem | | ssl_cipher | | | ssl_key | /root/abc/ssl_certs/server-key.pem | +---------------+---------------------------------------------+ Have I missed any step, or whats wrong.. Answers with missed steps in detail will be highly appreciated..

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• Is a security seal or EV SLL more important?

  - by Guy

  Does anybody know of a survey or study that compares site visitor attitudes/perceptions to security between an EV SSL cert and a security seal? The EV SSL cert will show up green in the URL (like a bank) and the security seal is usually in the footer and says something like "secured by" or "hacker proof" or "website protection" I'm looking for evidence that if you could only chose one, which would it be?

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• IIS not responding with SSL Server Hello

  - by Damien_The_Unbeliever

  I'm having difficulty getting a particular IIS machine to "do" SSL. This is a test environment (one of many) which we've set up "the same" as we have many times previously, but it just doesn't seem to be working. The server is Windows Server 2003 (Version 5.2 (Build 3790.srv03_sp2_gdr.100216-1301 : Service Pack 2)) IIS is hosting 4 sites (including the default site), but only one site is configured for SSL. We're using the same SSL certificate we use on all of our other servers (it's a wildcard cert). (Don't think this is relevant, but including anyway) We've configured the site to require SSL, it has a subdirectory that doesn't require SSL but has an asp page that redirects into SSL. The 403;4 error page for the site is hooked up to this asp page (this is how we do our non-HTTPS into HTTPS transition). Using Microsoft Network Monitor (3.3), I've just run a session against a server where SSL is working. It can pull apart the SSL exchange as the following messages: SSL: Client Hello SSL: Server Hello. Certificate. Server Hello Done SSL: Client Key Exchange. Change Cipher Spec. Encrypted Handshake Message. SSL: Change Cipher Spec. Encrypted Handshake Message However, on our problem server, I only see: SSL: Client Hello. The next packet from the server (from port 443, so it's listening and responding there) contains only 60 bytes, and just seems to have the Tcp headers and not much else (but I'm by no means an expert at deciphering these things). So, where do I look next? Or what additional information do I need to add to this question, and where do I find it?

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• Latest Security Updates for Java are Available for Download

  - by Akemi Iwaya

  Oracle has released new updates that patch 40 security holes in their Java Runtime Environment software. Anyone who needs or actively uses the Java Runtime Environment for work or gaming should promptly update their Java installation as soon as possible. One thing to keep in mind is that there are limitations placed on updates for older versions of Java as shown in the following excerpt. If you are using an older version, then it is recommended that you update to the Java SE 7 release if possible (depending on your usage circumstances). From the The H Security blog post: Only the current version of Java, Java SE 7, will be updated for free; downloads of the new version, Java SE 7 Update 25, are available and existing installs should auto-update. Mac OS X users will get an updated Java SE 6 for their systems as an automatic update; Java SE 7 on Mac OS X is updated by Oracle. Users of other older versions of Java will only get updates if they have a maintenance contract with Oracle. Affected Product Releases and Versions: JDK and JRE 7 Update 21 and earlier JDK and JRE 6 Update 45 and earlier JDK and JRE 5.0 Update 45 and earlier JavaFX 2.2.21 and earlier Note: If you do not need Java on your system, we recommend uninstalling it entirely or disabling the browser plugin. You can download and read through the details about the latest Java updates by visiting the links shown below.    

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• Save Remote SSL Certificate via Linux Command Line

  - by Jim

  Can you think of any linux command-line method for saving the certificate presented by a HTTPS server? Something along the lines of having curl/wget/openssl make a SSL connection and save the cert rather than the HTTP response content. The gui equivalent to what I'm looking for would be to browse to the HTTPS site, double-click on the browser "secure site" icon, and export the cert. Except the goal here is to do it non-interactively. Thanks, Jim

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• SSL certificate only valid when viewed externally

  - by user23522

  We have a SSL certificate installed on our server. When viewed externally it validates correctly, however when the website is viewed from the server it gets an invalid certificate error. We are using the fully qualified domain name to access it for both? Is there any reason this should be happening? Cheers.

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• Silent Outlook popups regarding self-signed certificate when connecting to pop3-ssl server

  - by moo

  When MS Outlook (2003/2007/2010) connect to pop3-ssl server and the server certificate is selfsigned it opens a dialog whether or not user wants to accept it. Is it possible to suppress this message like it is with Thunderbird?

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• Computer Networks UNISA - Chap 12 &ndash; Networking Security

  - by MarkPearl

  After reading this section you should be able to Identify security risks in LANs and WANs and design security policies that minimize risks Explain how physical security contributes to network security Discuss hardware and design based security techniques Understand methods of encryption such as SSL and IPSec, that can secure data in storage and in transit Describe how popular authentication protocols such as RADIUS< TACACS,Kerberos, PAP, CHAP, and MS-CHAP function Use network operating system techniques to provide basic security Understand wireless security protocols such as WEP, WPA and 802.11i Security Audits Before spending time and money on network security, examine your networks security risks – rate and prioritize risks. Different organizations have different levels of network security requirements. Security Risks Not all security breaches result from a manipulation of network technology – there are human factors that can play a role as well. The following categories are areas of considerations… Risks associated with People Risks associated with Transmission and Hardware Risks associated with Protocols and Software Risks associated with Internet Access An effective security policy A security policy identifies your security goals, risks, levels of authority, designated security coordinator and team members, responsibilities for each team member, and responsibilities for each employee. In addition it specifies how to address security breaches. It should not state exactly which hardware, software, architecture, or protocols will be used to ensure security, nor how hardware or software will be installed and configured. A security policy must address an organizations specific risks. to understand your risks, you should conduct a security audit that identifies vulnerabilities and rates both the severity of each threat and its likelihood of occurring. Security Policy Content Security policy content should… Policies for each category of security Explain to users what they can and cannot do and how these measures protect the networks security Should define what confidential means to the organization Response Policy A security policy should provide for a planned response in the event of a security breach. The response policy should identify the members of a response team, all of whom should clearly understand the the security policy, risks, and measures in place. Some of the roles concerned could include… Dispatcher – the person on call who first notices the breach Manager – the person who coordinates the resources necessary to solve the problem Technical Support Specialist – the person who focuses on solving the problem Public relations specialist – the person who acts as the official spokesperson for the organization Physical Security An important element in network security is restricting physical access to its components. There are various techniques for this including locking doors, security people at access points etc. You should identify the following… Which rooms contain critical systems or data and must be secured Through what means might intruders gain access to these rooms How and to what extent are authorized personnel granted access to these rooms Are authentication methods such as ID cards easy to forge etc. Security in Network Design The optimal way to prevent external security breaches from affecting you LAN is not to connect your LAN to the outside world at all. The next best protection is to restrict access at every point where your LAN connects to the rest of the world. Router Access List – can be used to filter or decline access to a portion of a network for certain devices. Intrusion Detection and Prevention While denying someone access to a section of the network is good, it is better to be able to detect when an attempt has been made and notify security personnel. This can be done using IDS (intrusion detection system) software. One drawback of IDS software is it can detect false positives – i.e. an authorized person who has forgotten his password attempts to logon. Firewalls A firewall is a specialized device, or a computer installed with specialized software, that selectively filters or blocks traffic between networks. A firewall typically involves a combination of hardware and software and may reside between two interconnected private networks. The simplest form of a firewall is a packet filtering firewall, which is a router that examines the header of every packet of data it receives to determine whether that type of packet is authorized to continue to its destination or not. Firewalls can block traffic in and out of a LAN. NOS (Network Operating System) Security Regardless of the operating system, generally every network administrator can implement basic security by restricting what users are authorized to do on a network. Some of the restrictions include things related to Logons – place, time of day, total time logged in, etc Passwords – length, characters used, etc Encryption Encryption is the use of an algorithm to scramble data into a format that can be read only by reversing the algorithm. The purpose of encryption is to keep information private. Many forms of encryption exist and new ways of cracking encryption are continually being invented. The following are some categories of encryption… Key Encryption PGP (Pretty Good Privacy) SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) SSH (Secure Shell) SCP (Secure CoPy) SFTP (Secure File Transfer Protocol) IPSec (Internet Protocol Security) For a detailed explanation on each section refer to pages 596 to 604 of textbook Authentication Protocols Authentication protocols are the rules that computers follow to accomplish authentication. Several types exist and the following are some of the common authentication protocols… RADIUS and TACACS PAP (Password Authentication Protocol) CHAP and MS-CHAP EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol) 802.1x (EAPoL) Kerberos Wireless Network Security Wireless transmissions are particularly susceptible to eavesdropping. The following are two wireless network security protocols WEP WPA

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• Programmable Home Security Alarm [closed]

  - by stej

  I don't ask for recommendation! (just wanted to say that; anyway it doesn't matter now as the question is closed) I've seen some advertisements about home alarms that notifies me that something is happening in my house. None of them mentioned programmability (with real programming language like e.g C, assembler, whatever). As a programmer I'd like to have a possibility to add some behaviour, that is not part of the alarm itself. This might be: take snapshots of all cameras in a house and send it to some email send email, twitter message, skype message to some predefined account send email to a police (silly, I know) start turning the lights on and off (scary, right?) etc. (would be veeery challenging with assembler, I know; but lets suppose I can use some more high level language) I don't expect that there is a alarm system capable of this stuff, that's why I'm looking for a programmable module. Question: Is it even possible? Is it good idea (my program could crash and cause instability of the system).

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• Software/IT security training and certificate

  - by 5YrsLaterDBA

  I am thinking about attending software security training and getting software security certificate. (or IT security in general.) I am in MA Boston area. I am new in software security field and need to know this field for current project and/or future job. Any suggestion about the training and certificate? thanks, EDIT: How about this course and certificate? http://scpd.stanford.edu/public/category/courseCategoryCertificateProfile.do?method=load&from=courseprofile&certificateId=3575647#searchResults

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