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• What is the difference between apt-get and dpkg?

  - by William F. Hammond

  Both apt-get and dpkg can be used to install and remove packages. When to use which? Context: I'm in stuck in package limbo between 10.04.4 LTS and 12.04.1 LTS after an attempted upgrade via the package manager. For example, to fix things I wanted to remove "skype" so that things it depends on could be freed up. But "aptitude" (my normal package management tool) refused to remove it. The advice at http://administratosphere.wordpress.com/2011/11/02/rescuing-an-interrupted-ubuntu-upgrade/ seems helpful but not adequate to resolve my package conflicts. Also there's a strange thing where the grub menu seems not to be properly interpreted, but eventually I get the splash screen with "/ is not ready yet or not present. Continue to wait; or press S to skip or M to recover manually." Manual recovery puts me in a single user shell where I can easily remount / as rw and bring up the network. If I become myself, the command line seems quite robust, but, there seems to be no way to get X11 going.

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• Linux repository contains latest tools for synaptic

  - by William.Ebe

  I'm using backTrack5R3. And I 've installed Synaptic as well as ubuntu Software center. Synaptic is very easy to use and gives wide range of details for the packages that I'm going to download. But the problem is it lack of lot of new files and information. Like vlc or adobe reader. The latest stable version of vlc is 2.0. but synaptic only installs, 1.1. And it don't find adobe. I would like to get new versions of them. What is the best way/source to update new files? EDIT: I mean after performing update & upgrade synaptic still contains vlc 1.0.6 which is outdated. I'm looking for a way to get new/best source.

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• Fixing Two keys events on single key press by xmodmap

  - by William.Ebe

  I'm using Dell Latitude D620. Whenever, I'm pressing the space key, the down arrow key also triggered perform it's action. Here is the log: KeyPress event, serial 30, synthetic NO, window 0x3200001, root 0x10c, subw 0x0, time 2248017, (70,-9), root:(76,39), state 0x0, keycode 116 (keysym 0xff54, Down), same_screen YES, XLookupString gives 0 bytes: XmbLookupString gives 0 bytes: XFilterEvent returns: False KeyPress event, serial 31, synthetic NO, window 0x3200001, root 0x10c, subw 0x0, time 2248018, (70,-9), root:(76,39), state 0x0, keycode 65 (keysym 0x20, space), same_screen YES, XLookupString gives 1 bytes: (20) " " XmbLookupString gives 1 bytes: (20) " " XFilterEvent returns: False KeyRelease event, serial 33, synthetic NO, window 0x3200001, root 0x10c, subw 0x0, time 2248083, (70,-9), root:(76,39), state 0x0, keycode 65 (keysym 0x20, space), same_screen YES, XLookupString gives 1 bytes: (20) " " XFilterEvent returns: False KeyRelease event, serial 33, synthetic NO, window 0x3200001, root 0x10c, subw 0x0, time 2248085, (70,-9), root:(76,39), state 0x0, keycode 116 (keysym 0xff54, Down), same_screen YES, XLookupString gives 0 bytes: XFilterEvent returns: False ClientMessage event, serial 33, synthetic YES, window 0x3200001, message_type 0x157 (WM_PROTOCOLS), format 32, message 0x155 (WM_DELETE_WINDOW) The above log is for a single press+release of spacebar key. I would like to know how to fix that. Thanks. PS: I'm using the same laptop to post question. If somebody helps to align it into code format, it would be helpful as I can't do that with this keyboard properly.

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• How can I make a browser trust my SSL certificate when I request resources from an external server?

  - by William David Edwards

  I have installed an SSL certificate on one of my domains and it works perfectly, but on some pages I include a Google Font, which causes my certificate icon to change in: instead of: The reason, according to Google Chrome (translated with Google Translate): Your connection to xxxxxx is encrypted with 128-bit encryption. This page includes other resources which are not secure. These resources can be viewed by others while in transit and can be modified to fit. So how can I make the browser 'trust' my SSL certificate, even though I request an external resource from Google Fonts? And also, does it matter that I use links like these: <link rel='stylesheet' id='et-shortcodes-css-css' href='https://xxxxxx/wp-content/themes/Divi/epanel/shortcodes/css/shortcodes.css?ver=3.0' type='text/css' media='all' /> instead of <link rel='stylesheet' id='et-shortcodes-css-css' href='wp-content/themes/Divi/epanel/shortcodes/css/shortcodes.css?ver=3.0' type='text/css' media='all' /> Thanks!

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• Horible lag on Xubuntu media center setup

  - by William

  I am setting up a media center running Xubuntu 11.10 as a media center. It is using the XFCE desktop enviroment. I have the NVIDIA drivers installed from the Additional Drivers program, and uninstalled all but the esennitial software. The computer is a Dell Dimension 3000. You can view detailed technical specifications here. The graphics card installed is a Geforce 8400 GS. I have installed all updates through Update Manager. What can I do to fix the horrible lag? It makes watching TV impossible.I have uploaded two videos of the lag, here and here. The second one does not have sound because the sound stops playing on some channels that lag a lot. The TV card is a Hauppage 950q USB, and the TV recording program is Kaffiene. Please help me with this, I am trying to do this to show how great Ubuntu is to the rest of the family.

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• Problem with OpenGL or Unity, need Gnome fallback mode

  - by William Wind

  This question is in two parts, and I have been searching the web for days to find answers. With no luck I thought I'd drop by and ask for your help. Here goes: 1.) I'm running Ubuntu 13.04 and one day last week Unity suddenly wound't work. After the login screen, I was either faced with an all black and non-responsive screen, or sometimes it booted and I could see my desktop wallpaper (and add and remove icons/folders from the desktop). But there was no menu in the left hand side and no top bar :-( However I could still enter the terminal. I borrowed my dad's laptop and looked for a solution online. About two days later I gave up (I'm still kind of a n00b at Linux) and found a way to install Gnome Fallback, via the terminal. When I used it, I had the same problem. [clue #1] Missing menues. But if I rebooted into Gnome Fallback mode with no effects. It worked. Great! I have used that for some days now, while still trying to fix the original problem with either Unity or OpenGl or whatever went wrong in the first place. With no luck. After giving up on my search for a fix (I know that came out wrong) -- I decided to reinstall Ubuntu 13.04 from a CD. But! After that I was left where I began. When booting into my account, it only shows the desktop wallpaper and the icons. I can click and enter the folders, but not go into the menues. Last time I fixed it with Gnome Fallback mode, because I could enter the terminal and the PC was automatically online, via wireless network. But not this time, I can't get online. So: 1.) How do I via the LiveCD Ubuntu version (the one I'm using right now) install Gnome Fallback unto the harddrive based system? 2.) If impossible. How can I access the wireless Internet via the terminal, so I can install Gnome Fallback, from the "broken" Unity session. 3.) Is there any other things that I should try? Please help me, PS: My GFX-card is an ATI Radeon something and I have install and used the "Redwood" drive (I think its called) for many weeks prior to the shutdown.

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• Gtk.MessageDialog window parameter problems

  - by William Culver

  I'm in a deeply nested class (which inherits from Gtk.Box) and I need to get a reference to the GtkWindow I'm in to pass to a call to Gtk.MessageDialog() yet I cant seem to find a reference to it. I have tried self.props.window as well as self.get_parent_window() with no avail. Everything I try to do leads to the following error: TypeError: Expected Gtk.Window, but got GObjectMeta Code snippet is as follows: def on_tb_del_clicked(self,widget): question = _("Are you sure you want to do this?") win = self.get_parent_window() dialog = Gtk.MessageDialog(win,0,Gtk.MessageType.QUESTION, Gtk.ButtonsType.YES_NO,question) # <<Exception response = dialog.run() Please help :)

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• Layout of mathematical views (iOS)

  - by William Jockusch

  I am trying to figure out the right way to encapsulate graphical information about mathematical objects. It is not simple. For example, a matrix can include square brackets around its entries, or not. Some things carry down to sub-objects -- for example, a matrix might track the font size to be used by its entries. Similarly, the font color and the background color would carry down to the entries. Other things do not carry down. For example, the entries of the matrix do not need to know whether or not the matrix has those square brackets. Based on all of the above, I need to calculate sizes for everything, then frames. All of this can depend on the properties stored above. The size of a matrix depends on the sizes of its entries, and also on whether or not it has those brackets. What I am having a hard time with is not the individual ways to calculate sensible frames for this or that. It is the overall organizational structure of the whole thing. How can I keep track of it all without going crazy. One particular obstacle is worth mentioning -- for reasons I don't want to go into here, I need to calculate the sizes and frames for everything before I instantiate any actual views. So, for example, if I have a Matrix object, I need to calculate its size before I make a MatrixView. If I have an equation, I need to calculate the size of the view for the equation before I create the actual view. So I clearly need separate objects for those calculations. But I can't figure out a sensible class structure for those objects. If I put them all into a single class, I get some advantages because copying then becomes easy. But I also end up with a bloated class that contains info that is irrelevant for some objects -- such as whether or not to include those brackets around the matrix. But if I use a lot of different classes, copying properties becomes a real pain. If it matters, this is all in Objective C, for an iOS environment. Any pointers would be greatly appreciated.

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• What do developers want to learn at their next startup?

  - by William Pietri

  As a developer, i know how much I like learning new stuff. Now that I'm hiring developers for my startup, I know I can't compete with Google's zillion-dollar bonuses and fancy cafeterias, but we are rich with opportunities for curious people to learn. I want to set things up to support that. So if you're a developer likely to join a startup, what do you want to learn? Product things? Business things? User research, design, or tech ops things? Or if it's more technical learning you're after, do you want to go deeper in what you know (e.g., back end learning back end) or cross-train (e.g., front end learning back end)? Or is there something else entirely?

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• Is it possible to sync two computers without storing the files on a server?

  - by William

  I have a family member currently using Windows live mesh to sync a relatively large amount of files between computers. It is way over the Ubuntu One 5 GB limit and the Live Mesh 2 GB limit. However, Live Mesh gives him the options of syncing all the data he wants without storing it on Microsoft's servers. Does Ubuntu One have an equivalent option, performing just the sync computer-to-computer and not computer-to-server and server-to-computer? Do you have other recommendations? It does not necessarily have to be Ubuntu One, but I need it to be cross platform, working across Windows and Ubuntu. We also have computers outside of uour home network we need to sync to. This is one of the few things keeping him from switching to Ubuntu, and I'd be very grateful for any help.

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• Need to know best way to utilize LVM to backup Ubuntu

  - by William Leininger

  So I've had issues with Windows which forced me to install and learn Ubuntu as I'm fed up with MSFT. So now I need to know the most efficient/best way to image Ubuntu so that if I messed something up in one point in time I could always come back to the healthy point in time. During the install I saw an option for LVM and read what it is though I don't know how to utilize it to prevent a situation where I have to reinstall everything. Help? Note: I found on the right hand side of this Ask A Question area an area titled Similar Questions giving me Setting up LVM Snapshot as a backup/restore point in ubuntu This is pretty in depth and a bit complex, though completely doable, is it possible to just use LVM out of the box after a complete HDD wipe and normal Ubuntu install? :Fingers crossed and rabbits foot in hand:

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• IOS Variable vs Property

  - by William Smith

  Just started diving into Objective-C and IOS development and was wondering when and the correct location I should be declaring variables/properties. The main piece of code i need explaining is below: Why and when should i be declaring variables inside the interface statement and why do they have the same variable with _ and then the same one as a property. And then in the implementation they do @synthesize tableView = _tableView (I understand what synthesize does) Thanks :-) @interface ViewController : UIViewController <UITableViewDataSource, UITableViewDelegate> { UITableView *_tableView; UIActivityIndicatorView *_activityIndicatorView; NSArray *_movies; } @property (nonatomic, retain) UITableView *tableView; @property (nonatomic, retain) UIActivityIndicatorView *activityIndicatorView; @property (nonatomic, retain) NSArray *movies;

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• What is the proper response to lousy error message?

  - by William Pursell

  I've just come across (for the 47 millionth time) some code that looks like this: except IOError, e: print "Problems reading file: %s." % filename sys.exit( 1 ) My first reaction is very visceral: the person who coded this is a complete idiot. How hard is it to print error messages to stderr and to include the system error message in the string? I haven't used python in years, and it took me all of 4 minutes to track down the documentation to figure out how to get the error message from the exception object e and the syntax for printing to stderr. My "complete idiot" reaction was slightly lessened since at least a non-zero value is passed to sys.exit, but I still find this code offensive. My prime thought is that the developer who wrote this is a complete novice for whom I have zero respect. Am I over-reacting? Surely there are excuses for all sorts of bad coding practices, but is there anything that can possibly excuse this sort of $#|t? I guess there are two question here: one is a duplicate of What are developer's problems with helpful error messages?, and the other is "am I over-reacting, or is it valid to conclude that the author of the above code is a novice?"

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• Why is MaybeChannelBound callable?

  - by William Payne

  The Queue class in the python kombu library inherits from MaybeChannelBound, which in turn implements the call method (making it callable). The call() method itself is a thin wrapper around the bind() method. It is not clear why this was done, as calling the bind() method seems (to my simple mind, at least) to be clearer and more descriptive of the intent of the function. Why would somebody use the call() method in a situation like this?

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• Kile missing "Settings" dialog after update to kubuntu 12.10

  - by William

  After update to Kubuntu 12.10, I can no longer access configuration options in Kile from Settings-Configure kile (or whatever the menu entry was for configuration). In fact, "Settings" menu has only five entries: "Define current document as master document", "System check", "Show side bar", "Show message bar", and "Toolbars shown." I did a fresh install of Kubuntu 12.10 on one of my other computers, and same problem. I even tried adding the (unsupported) ppa:kile/stable, but the problem persists. Any ideas? I need to access settings to set PDF Latex to use "modern" compilation mode, so that I can use synctex.

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• Macbook Pro (2011) Install of 12.10

  - by William Fleming

  I have installed Ubuntu on another partition on my macbook only to find when i boot using refit im greeted with a screen that reads Missing Operating System I have chosen to install grub on the root partition so i assume after the EFI boot-loader has done its stuff it will then load grub in the " / " partition. Any thoughts on this i couldn't find anyone with this problem. I can only assume its a problem with the GRUB install on the partition. But i have tried to reinstall it and it did not work....? Any thoughts would greatly appreciated. Bill

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• Ubuntu 13.10 Unity doesn't load after upgrade

  - by William

  Just upgraded to Ubuntu 13.10 only to find that Unity won't load (login freezes, after doing ctrl+alt+F1, logging in and then doing startx, I get a blank desktop and the mouse pointer, and nothing else). I can right click, but the only operations that work are "create new file" and "create new folder". For example, "change desktop background" doesn't work. Also, after doing a few right clicks and choosing "change desktop background", I get a warning message box: "compiz closed unexpectedly." Guest login works fine. Tried creating a new user, but I experience the same thing with the new user. Tried removing all configuration files from my home directory... same thing. Doing dconf reset -f /org/compiz/ gives an error "error spawning command line..." Doing unity --reset also gives errors. Tried uninstalling unity (and compiz) and reinstalling, but that doesn't help. Tried reconfiguring lightdm, didn't help. I don't have any proprietary drivers installed. Once again, the funny thing is that the guest session works fine.

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• Sound through HDMI with the NVIDIA drivers

  - by William

  I am running a media center setup with the display through HDMI, powered by a NVIDIA card. I am using the proprietary NVIDIA drivers availabler through the additional drivers utility, on Xubuntu 11.10. In the mixer, I have all the volumes unmuted and turned up to 100%, but no sound through the HDMI. If I plug in speakers the nd comes through just fine. What can I do to make the sound go through the HDMI and to the TV?

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• Wireless connection disconnects and reconnects with a Netgear WNA1000

  - by William Berkenkamp

  Ever since I made the permanent switch from Vista to Ubuntu i've had wireless connectivity problems. From watching the network manager when it disconnects it seems like it turns off the receiver for some reason. Could it be bad drivers? I used their install software and the site doesn't really offer driver downloads. The adapter is a Netgear WNA1000 if memory serves, and I don't know much about the router except that it's a Motorola Surfboard. And I figure this might help a bit *-network description: Ethernet interface product: RTL8101E/RTL8102E PCI Express Fast Ethernet controller vendor: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:01:00.0 logical name: eth0 version: 01 serial: 00:1b:b9:a7:39:a4 size: 10Mbit/s capacity: 100Mbit/s width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm vpd msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list rom ethernet physical tp mii 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd autonegotiation configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=r8169 driverversion=2.3LK-NAPI duplex=half firmware=N/A latency=0 link=no multicast=yes port=MII speed=10Mbit/s resources: irq:40 ioport:d800(size=256) memory:feaff000-feafffff memory:feac0000-feadffff *-network description: Wireless interface physical id: 1 bus info: usb@2:1.1 logical name: wlan0 serial: 00:26:f2:8b:fb:38 capabilities: ethernet physical wireless configuration: broadcast=yes driver=carl9170 driverversion=3.2.0-24-generic-pae firmware=1.9.4 ip=10.0.0.36 link=yes multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11bgn I have tried installing WICD and it didn't fix the problem. Any help would be greatly appreciated. This problem is greatly limiting what I can do with my computer.

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• Does this factory method pattern example violate open-close?

  - by William

  In Head-First Design Patterns, they use a pizza shop example to demonstrate the factory method pattern. public abstract class PizzaStore { public Pizza orderPizza(String type) { Pizza pizza; pizza = createPizza(type); pizza.prepare(); pizza.bake(); pizza.cut(); pizza.box(); return pizza; } abstract Pizza createPizza(String type) } public class NYPizzaStore extends PizzaStore { Pizza createPizza(String item) { if (item.equals("cheese") { return new NYStyleCheesePizza(); } else if (item.equals("veggie")) { return new NYStyleVeggiePizza(); } else if (item.equals("clam")) { return new NYStyleClamPizza(); } else if (item.equals("pepperoni")) { return new NYStylePepperioniPizza(); } else return null; } } I don't understand how this pattern is not violating open-close. What if we require a beef Pizza, then we must edit the if statement in the NYPizzaStore class.

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• Message "Getting information" don't close

  - by William

  I have Windows 7 x64 I installed this software and I have a problem. I like Ubuntu but I feel the softwares related Linux often have problems. We each time need to seek to resolve the malfunctions. my problem is , I am getting a message as Getting information, please wait and it don't disappear. My firewall is completely deactivate and I already go to the UAC or the firewall to allow the "exe" of the Ubuntu One software in the settings. Nothing runs.Linux never run at the first time. I'm really disappointed and discouraged. Please help me. Thank you for your answers... Ps : I have Windows 7 64 bits

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• Windows gets progressively slower over time, why doesn't Ubuntu?

  - by William

  I, and many other previous Windows users notice that the computer seems to get progressively slower over time. I bought a leapfrog crammer only to find it installed process that sat there waiting for me to plug the crammer in so it could run the software. It took up three percent of the CPU twenty-four seven, seven day a week! This is one of the main reasons I left Windows. But, Ubuntu doesn't seem to slow down over time at all. Does Ubuntu allow programs to install background programs like the leapfrog crammer did to sit there like a leech and suck away at resources? Could someone explain why Windows tends to get slower over time, and is Ubuntu vulnrable to this too? Thanks for any help, this is puzzling me.

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• How'd they do it: Millions of tiles in Terraria

  - by William 'MindWorX' Mariager

  I've been working up a game engine similar to Terraria, mostly as a challenge, and while I've figured out most of it, I can't really seem to wrap my head around how they handle the millions of interactable/harvestable tiles the game has at one time. Creating around 500.000 tiles, that is 1/20th of what's possible in Terraria, in my engine causes the frame-rate to drop from 60 to around 20, even tho I'm still only rendering the tiles in view. Mind you, I'm not doing anything with the tiles, only keeping them in memory. Update: Code added to show how I do things. This is part of a class, which handles the tiles and draws them. I'm guessing the culprit is the "foreach" part, which iterates everything, even empty indexes. ... public void Draw(SpriteBatch spriteBatch, GameTime gameTime) { foreach (Tile tile in this.Tiles) { if (tile != null) { if (tile.Position.X < -this.Offset.X + 32) continue; if (tile.Position.X > -this.Offset.X + 1024 - 48) continue; if (tile.Position.Y < -this.Offset.Y + 32) continue; if (tile.Position.Y > -this.Offset.Y + 768 - 48) continue; tile.Draw(spriteBatch, gameTime); } } } ... Also here is the Tile.Draw method, which could also do with an update, as each Tile uses four calls to the SpriteBatch.Draw method. This is part of my autotiling system, which means drawing each corner depending on neighboring tiles. texture_* are Rectangles, are set once at level creation, not each update. ... public virtual void Draw(SpriteBatch spriteBatch, GameTime gameTime) { if (this.type == TileType.TileSet) { spriteBatch.Draw(this.texture, this.realm.Offset + this.Position, texture_tl, this.BlendColor); spriteBatch.Draw(this.texture, this.realm.Offset + this.Position + new Vector2(8, 0), texture_tr, this.BlendColor); spriteBatch.Draw(this.texture, this.realm.Offset + this.Position + new Vector2(0, 8), texture_bl, this.BlendColor); spriteBatch.Draw(this.texture, this.realm.Offset + this.Position + new Vector2(8, 8), texture_br, this.BlendColor); } } ... Any critique or suggestions to my code is welcome. Update: Solution added. Here's the final Level.Draw method. The Level.TileAt method simply checks the inputted values, to avoid OutOfRange exceptions. ... public void Draw(SpriteBatch spriteBatch, GameTime gameTime) { Int32 startx = (Int32)Math.Floor((-this.Offset.X - 32) / 16); Int32 endx = (Int32)Math.Ceiling((-this.Offset.X + 1024 + 32) / 16); Int32 starty = (Int32)Math.Floor((-this.Offset.Y - 32) / 16); Int32 endy = (Int32)Math.Ceiling((-this.Offset.Y + 768 + 32) / 16); for (Int32 x = startx; x < endx; x += 1) { for (Int32 y = starty; y < endy; y += 1) { Tile tile = this.TileAt(x, y); if (tile != null) tile.Draw(spriteBatch, gameTime); } } } ...

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• Long 'Wait' Time for three php/CSS files. Is something blocking them?

  - by William Pitcher

  I have been speed optimizing a Wordpress site to little effect. There are three files CSS-related php files from the Wordpress theme that are delaying page loads on the site. One of the three files is basically one line of custom CSS from the custom CSS feature in the theme. You can see what I am talking about with this Pingdom speed test: The yellow is 'Wait'. There are no slow items in the cut-off portion of the image. The full results are here: Pingdom Results Page 1. Any thoughts on what might be causing this? I understand that I have blocking CSS or JS files, but I don't see anything that would be causing that long of a wait. When I ran the P3 Plugin Profiler, Wordpress and all plugins appeared fine -- it is the theme that is taking all the time. GTmetrix recommends avoiding dynamic queries. I assume all the ver=3.61 references are to the version of Wordpress (which I am using). I noticed that my Wordpress sites using other themes don't make this query (at least not over and over). 2. Is this typical coding practice? 3. How much negative impact do these query-strings have -- a little or a lot? I tried searching for similar questions here, please excuse me if I missed something. Sometimes, I know just enough to be dangerous.

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• Am I violating LSP if the condition can be checked?

  - by William

  This base class for some shapes I have in my game looks like this. Some of the shapes can be resized, some of them can not. private Shape shape; public virtual void SetSizeOfShape(int x, int y) { if (CanResize()){ shape.Width = x; shape.Height = y; } else { throw new Exception("You cannot resize this shape"); } } public virtual bool CanResize() { return true; } In a sub class of a shape that I don't ever want to resize I am overriding the CanResize() method so a piece of client code can check before calling the SetSizeOfShape() method. public override bool CanResize() { return false; } Here's how it might look in my client code: public void DoSomething(Shape s) { if(s.CanResize()){ s.SetSizeOfShape(50, 70); } } Is this violating LSP?

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