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• Recovering drive via boot to Win7 setup command prompt

  - by Valamas

  I am trying to recover data from two old IDE drives. Drive1 has been successful, but something is wrong with Drive2. It does not appear as a drive letter. Due to limited legacy hardware, the only way i can see these drives is to boot using windows 7 setup and goto the command prompt. Without going further as to why, my question is how i can access the data in this command prompt. I discovered DISKPART command and while a first time user, it looked like something that can fix my problem. Here are the results of my diskpart commands. At the bottom is a image of the commands taken with a camera. The Drive2 is present because when using the diskpart command, I can see it. How can I copy the information using a robocopy script if the drive letter is not available? how can I assign a drive letter? Is there any repair command I need to execute? When i execute DISKPART, the following is what i see. DISKPART> LIST DISK Disk### Status Size Free Disk 5 Online 37 GB 2048 KB So then I select disk 5. DISKPART> SELECT DISK 5 "Disk 5 is now the selected disk" When I list partition DISKPART> LIST PARTITION Partition ### Type Size Partition 1 Primary 101 MB Partition 2 Primary 37 GB So I select partition 2 "Partition 2 is now the selected partition." I then try to assign a drive letter DISKPART> ASSIGN LETTER=G "There is no volume specified." "Please select a volume and try again." When i list volume the drive is not present. DISKPART> LIST VOLUME Result of the above commands

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• 2011 i7 Macbook Pro unable to boot from any Windows CD?

  - by Craig Otis

  I'm encountering issues installing Windows alongside my Lion install. I'm attempting to install from the internal SuperDrive, after using Boot Camp to partition what was a single, HFS+ volume. When holding down Option at boot, the CD appears in the startup list, but upon selecting it, I get a gray screen for 5 minutes, then a flashing white folder. I tried installing rEFIt and using this to boot the CD, but I receive an error about "Not Found" being returned from the "LocateDevicePath", and a mention of the firmware not supporting booting using legacy methods. In the Console, when opening the StartupDisk preference pane (which never presents the CD as a selectable option), I see: 11/25/11 4:39:31.159 PM System Preferences: isCDROM: 0 isDVDROM:1 11/25/11 4:39:31.159 PM System Preferences: mountable disk appeared: /Volumes/GRMCPRFRER_EN_DVD 11/25/11 4:39:33.214 PM System Preferences: - So far so good, passing disk to System Searcher. 11/25/11 4:39:33.218 PM System Preferences: OSXCheck: No boot.efi in System Folder or volume root. 11/25/11 4:39:33.220 PM System Preferences: WinCheck: Not a valid windows filesystem: /Volumes/GRMCPRFRER_EN_DVD 11/25/11 4:39:33.220 PM System Preferences: WinCheck: Not a valid windows filesystem: /Volumes/GRMCPRFRER_EN_DVD I'm at a loss here. I've done my research, but it sounds like most of the rEFIt errors of this nature are caused by installing from a thumbdrive, or an external drive. I'm using the internal SuperDrive. Also, I've tried this with two different disks: A Windows XP SP2 CD A Windows 7 x86 DVD Both are disks I've had around for years, and I've used them reliably in the past. The system is an early 2011 15" Macbook Pro, all firmware updates installed.

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• Virtual Windows 2008 Server Activation with ESX

  - by Logman

  I had a decommissioned server (Dell PE2950) that we could still use, it had OEM Windows 2003 Std on it but wanted to use it as a new host with VMware ESX5 to put a couple legacy severs on it. I wiped it clean and maxed out the memory. But when I added the memory I noticed the product key sticker was a "WindowsServer08 Std 1-4cpu" product key, and it also had a Virtual Key. Not sure why it had Win2003 and not Win2008 from the start, but I would like to use that license if I can. The virtual host would stay on the same physical server, so there shouldn't be a problem with licensing... but I do not want to use Hyper-V unless I can not help it. I have installed ESX5 on the server, but I cannot get the Windows 2008 server to activate. The product key is hard to read, and I have checked the key quite a few times. But my question is... Is it because Hyper-V was not installed on the host? But I thought you could use the product key alone on a virtual host? Maybe because I am not using a Dell Windows 2008 disk but iso from MS directly via the Volumne Licensing site? EDIT: well, Im pretty sure I got the product key correct. If its not the product key, could the activation problem be because Im not using hyper-v or maybe the correct install dvd? EDIT2: maybe because I added 28GB of memory? Originally 4GB...

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• WS2008 subst in Logon script does not "stick"

  - by Frans

  I have a terminal server environment exclusively with Windows Server 2008. My problem is that I need to "map" a drive letter to each users Temp folder. This is due to a legacy app that requries a separate Temp folder for each user but which does not understand %temp%. So, just add "subst t: %temp%" to the logon script, right? The problem is that, even though the command runs, the subst doesn't "stick" and the user doesn't get a T: drive. Here is what I have tried; The simplest version: 'Mapping a temp drive Set WinShell = WScript.CreateObject("WScript.Shell") WinShell.Run "subst T: %temp%", 2, True That didn't work, so tried this for more debug information: 'Mapping a temp drive Set WinShell = WScript.CreateObject("WScript.Shell") Set procEnv = WinShell.Environment("Process") wscript.echo(procEnv("TEMP")) tempDir = procEnv("TEMP") WinShell.Run "subst T: " & tempDir, 3, True This shows me the correct temp path when the user logs in - but still no T: Drive. Decided to resort to brute force and put this in my login script: 'Mapping a temp drive Set WinShell = WScript.CreateObject("WScript.Shell") WinShell.Run "\\domain\sysvol\esl.hosted\scripts\tempdir.cmd", 3, True where \domain\sysvol\esl.hosted\scripts\tempdir.cmd has this content: echo on subst t: %temp% pause When I log in with the above then the command window opens up and I can see the subst command being executed correctly, with the correct path. But still no T: drive. I have tried running all of the above scripts outside of a login script and they always work perfectly - this problem only occurs when doing it from inside a login script. I found a passing reference on an MSFN forum about a similar problem when the user is already logged on to another machine - but I have this problem even without being logged on to another machine. Any suggestion on how to overcome this will be much appreciated.

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• Dual-booting Ubuntu and Pardus with GRUB2...Pardus no show?

  - by Ibn Ali al-Turki

  I have Ubuntu 10.10 installed and used to dual-boot Fedora, but I replaced Fedora with Pardus. After the install, I went into ubuntu, and did a sudo update-grub. It detected my Pardus 2011 install there. When I rebooted, it did not show up in my grub2 menu however. I went back to Ubuntu and did it again...then checked the grub.cfg, and it is not there. I have read that Pardus uses a grub legacy. How can I get Pardus into my grub2 menu? Thanks! sudo fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xd9b3496e Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 15197 122067968 83 Linux /dev/sda2 36394 60802 196059757 5 Extended /dev/sda3 15197 30394 122067968 83 Linux /dev/sda5 36394 59434 185075308 7 HPFS/NTFS /dev/sda6 59434 60802 10983424 82 Linux swap / Solaris Partition table entries are not in disk order and update-grub Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.35-25-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-2.6.35-25-generic Found memtest86+ image: /boot/memtest86+.bin Found Pardus 2011 (2011) on /dev/sda3 Yet after this, I go to grub.cfg, and Pardus is not there.

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• 10GE network: Is it still deadly expensive? Any options?

  - by BarsMonster

  Hi! I am building home cluster where I going to have about 16 nodes which can live with 1G ports, but I really want to have 10GE on file server & central node. It's all local, so no need for cabels longer than 3-5m. And ofcourse I want to spend as little money as possible (not going to spend more than whole cluster costs) :-) What are my options? 1) Legacy solution is to take some 24-48 port 1GE switch, and connect to file/central nodes via 4-8 aggregated links. This will work I guess, cost is very acceptable, but I am not sure if it's ok to use that much aggregated links. And ofcourse it would be hard to double bandwidth when needed... :-D 2) Switch with several 10GE uplink 'ports'. As far as I see, they all require modules which costs about 1000$, so I will need 4 10G modules, and 2 10GE cards... Smells like way more than 5000$+... 3) Connect file & central node via 2 10G cards directly, and put 4 quadport 1GE NICs on fileserver. I am saving on 2 10G modules and a switch, fileserver will have to do packet routing, but it's still gonna have alot of CPU's left :-) 4) Any other options? Infiniband? 5) Are MyriNet adaptors works fine? I guess there are no cheaper options? 6) Hmm... Scrap fileserver, put it all on central node and provide dedicated 1GE port for each of the nodes... This is sad...

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• ESXi 5 Guests will not boot

  - by Adrian

  I have a problem with Guests not booting under VMWare ESXi 5.0 on my IBM x3550M3 server. Note: Investigation eventually determined that problem was with the VMware client on a Lenovo Edge laptop, the only Windows box available in a Linux IT shop. vSphere Client v4 and v5 duplicated behavior on the Lenovo Edge. As indicated in the comment to the accepted answer, replacing the workstation with one using different video was the "fix" for this particular issue. The ESXi host boots just fine. The Client connects just fine. Guests can be configured but do not successfully boot. The initial guest memory consumption jumps up to 560MB and drops down to 40MB after a few seconds. Initial CPU usage is 1 full CPU (3000Ghz per the chart) and immediately drops downm to 29Mhz. Guests do not display any output in the Console tab but show a state of 'Powered On'. No errors in the Events tab. Switching Guest from BIOS to EFI makes no difference. VMs are listed as Version 7 and the behavior is duplicated across all availabled Guest OS flavors. Problem also duplicated when server is booted up in Legacy Only mode. Logs do not contain anything particularly suspicious. Edit: No firewalls, routers, or VLANs in between the client and server. Edit 2: We have tried to Boot Guest into BIOS screen at Next Boot checkbox in the Guest Setting. Was not successful. Edit 3: 500GB datastore with 1 40GB VM on it. Plenty of space. Edit 4: Guests copied from my old ESXi 4 server DO NOT boot on the ESXi 5 system. Initially it complains about too little Video RAM being configured for the default 2500x1600, but it still doesn't work properly even after I bump the Video RAM settings or switch it to Auto-Detect.

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• Rails app returns HTTP 422 for new ServerAlias - Internet Explorer only

  - by Snips

  I have a long-standing Rails app running on Mac OS X (apache2). The set-up uses Apache virtual hosts and Passenger. The Rails app also uses HTTP Basic Authentication. I need to migrate the app from one url domain to another - with some overlap of both domain names being accessible simultaneously for a period. To do this, I've added the new domain name as a ServerAlias of the existing domain name in the Passenger Virtual Host config. I can now Browse the Rails app using both the legacy url, and the new url from any of Safari, Chrome, Firefox, or Internet Explorer. I can also 'HTTP post' updates to the Rails app using Safari, Chrome, or Firefox. All good. Except, attempts to post updates from Internet Explorer result in the Rails app rejecting the update, The Rails app log contains the message, ActionController::InvalidAuthenticityToken (ActionController::InvalidAuthenticityToken): I have other domains & aliases working just fine on this same machine. Any suggestions as to what is causing the Rails app to reject posts from IE would be appreciated.

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• LAMP Setup, PHP's session_start permission denied

  - by Andrew

  I'm trying to set up a development environment for a legacy system that runs CentOS 4.8, PHP 4.3.9, and MySQL 4.1.22. I'm matching OS and software versions to keep the development server as close to the production server as possible. When I fire up PHPMyAdmin's setup script (version 2.11.10.1, of course) the installation errors out and I see these errors in my error log: [client 172.18.141.74] PHP Warning: session_start(): open(/var/lib/php/session/sess_b5b90f86bd3dcfad315ff24cb7483a79, O_RDWR) failed: Permission denied (13) in /home/www/intranet/phpmyadmin/libraries/session.inc.php on line 87 [client 172.18.141.74] PHP Warning: Unknown(): open(/var/lib/php/session/sess_b5b90f86bd3dcfad315ff24cb7483a79, O_RDWR) failed: Permission denied (13) in Unknown on line 0 [client 172.18.141.74] PHP Warning: Unknown(): Failed to write session data (files). Please verify that the current setting of session.save_path is correct (/var/lib/php/session) in Unknown on line 0 I've done some searching on ServerFault and on teh Googles and I see that a common reason for this error is that the session.save_path isn't writable by the www user. I also found where in /etc/php.ini this URL is set: session.save_path. My session.save_path is set to: session.save_path = /var/lib/php/session I've since changed the owner and the group of /var/lib/php/session and still have the same error. Here's the result of ls -la for /var/lib/php [root@localhost php]# ls -la total 24 drwxrwxr-x 3 www www 4096 Oct 23 20:21 . drwxr-xr-x 17 root root 4096 Oct 23 20:31 .. drwxrwx--- 2 www www 4096 Jun 1 2009 session ...But I'm still getting the same error. Is there another possibility for why I'm getting this error?

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• Hibernate between OS X and Bootcamp Win 7

  - by Willem

  Wouldn't it be great if someone wrote a guide or an app which allowed you to switch instantly between OS X and Windows using Hibernate in both OS:s? Windows 7 already has an option "Hibernate" which allows you to boot back to your OS X partition, but OS X does not exactly offer the same. However, there are possibilities here. It seems that the recent Mac's have 3 different kinds of sleeping mode: Sleep: Low power consumption, RAM still active. Legacy Safe Sleep: No power consumption(?), writes RAM to disk and shuts down (is this the same as Hibernate?) Safe Sleep: Writes RAM to disk and enters sleep mode. If battery level drops too low it goes into Hibernate (is this Hibernate the same as #2 in this list? This is the Hibernate I will be referring to int he rest of this post) It seems that I am unable to force my MacBook Pro (Late 2011) OS X 10.7.3 into a true hibernate using either command line or apps that are supposed to do this. I believe the Mac should show that white loading bar whilst waking up if it was truly put into hibernate (which it does not). But I can get this white bar to show by letting my battery level drop to 0% so there is obviously a system function for it (obviously, duh! :). When Win 7 goes into hibernate it shuts down completely and you can then boot into OS X on startup. On OS X however, hibernate forces you to wake up into OS X. Can you hack this so that you're allowed to select boot partition after OS X hibernates? Would it be possible to use the true hibernate system functionalities of Win 7 and OS X to create a kind of instant switching between the two? Imagine this on a quick SATA-3 SSD like my 180GB Intel 520. Thanks / Willem

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• Defining Virtual and Real User Directories with Dovecot & Postfix

  - by blankabout

  Following a wobble described in this question we now have virtual and real users authenticating with Dovecot, the problem now is that the real users (who have been on the system for years) can no longer access their mail. I'm guessing that it is because Dovecot is configured to point to the virtual mailboxes but not the real mail boxes. These are snippets from the config files: /etc/dovecot/dovecot.conf !include conf.d/*.conf /etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-auth.cong passdb { driver = passwd-file # Path for passwd-file. Also set the default password scheme. args = scheme=cram-md5 /etc/cram-md5.pwd } userdb { driver=static #args = mail_uid=dovecot mail_gid=dovecot /etc/dovecot/userdb args = uid=vmail gid=vmail home=/var/spool/vhosts/%d/%n /etc/dovecot/userdb } [email protected]:::::/var/spool/vhosts/virtualdomain.com/:/bin/false:: We think the problem is that the Dovecot file 10-auth.conf does not contain a method of accessing the mailboxes for the real users. We have looked around on this site, dovecot.org and done the usual googling but cannot find anywhere that describes how to set up virtual users on alongside legacy real users. Any help would be appreciated, especially by our real users who would like the contents of their inboxes to be available! If any further config is required, please let me know.

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• Encrypting peer-to-peer application with iptables and stunnel

  - by Jonathan Oliver

  I'm running legacy applications in which I do not have access to the source code. These components talk to each other using plaintext on a particular port. I would like to be able to secure the communications between the two or more nodes using something like stunnel to facilitate peer-to-peer communication rather than using a more traditional (and centralized) VPN package like OpenVPN, etc. Ideally, the traffic flow would go like this: app@hostA:1234 tries to open a TCP connection to app@hostB:1234. iptables captures and redirects the traffic on port 1234 to stunnel running on hostA at port 5678. stunnel@hostA negotiates and establishes a connection with stunnel@hostB:4567. stunnel@hostB forwards any decrypted traffic to app@hostB:1234. In essence, I'm trying to set this up to where any outbound traffic (generated on the local machine) to port N forwards through stunnel to port N+1, and the receiving side receives on port N+1, decrypts, and forwards to the local application at port N. I'm not particularly concerned about losing the hostA origin IP address/machine identity when stunnel@hostB forwards to app@hostB because the communications payload contains identifying information. The other trick in this is that normally with stunnel you have a client/server architecture. But this application is much more P2P because nodes can come and go dynamically and hard-coding some kind of "connection = hostN:port" in the stunnel configuration won't work.

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• Converting a Windows 2003 server

  - by Jim Bass

  We have a legacy database system based upon MS SQL running on Windows Server 2003. The client software will only run on Windows XP. We have recently had success converting a client into a virtual machine and running it under Fusion on Mac minis. So far, it is working incredibly well. So well, in fact, that we are now considering trying to convert the server to a virtual machine. This raises several questions, though: 1. The server uses a raid array. Does the VM virtualize the raid array? I only ask because in my experience Windows products don't like it when you change core hardware. 2. Is there any reason why running SQL server on a virtual machine won't work? It will be up 24/7. 3. Is there a different converter for servers? 4. Will I have to track down the licensing for MS SQL and Server 2003 or will they come across ok? 5. The company that designed the software is no longer in business. There is some fear that the software is somehow tied to the hardware configuration. We bought the hardware, but their engineers came out and configured the system. Will the virtual machine be able to spoof particular chip sets? Thanks! Jim Bass

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• How to verify system using right GPU, after system reset [duplicate]

  - by Antoros

  This question already has an answer here: Is my mobile AMD card being used? 2 answers OS: Windows 8 CPU: Intel® Core™ i7 Processor 3635QM GPU 1 : Intel HD Graphics 4000 GPU 2 : AMD Radeon™ HD 8870M other info: System Spects Problem: im unsure that CCC is using AMD card instead of Intel's, i have encountered several issues since updating to 8.1 and i don't know what to do What happened: Installed 8.1 patch first day After 1 minute of use, BBSOD, windows never loaded again System restore wouldnt recognize 8.0 restore points i did a system reset to windows 8 since the laptop was only 3 weeks old System Broke, it did restore to factory BUT kept the registry almost intact, i had to install almost everything again, since the factory drivers where working with the updated one's registry and several problems CCC Broke too <- What i've already done Installing new drivers on top of old ones didnt work, so i used AMD uninstaller first Uninstalled and Re-installed Intel's HD Graphics Driver Tried to install mobile center, but AMD told me that it wasnt compatible (even if thats the only driver that they provide via their page as seen Here) Tried to use Auto-Detect, couldnt install driver because card was disabled because it didnt have the drivers... (see what they did here?) Had to use a workaround with Samsung Update, the driver didnt appear as download so had to use search and downloaded the driver manually. Now the graphic card appears on device manager and catalyst but as 8800 series (not exact model), and cant check the card with neither dxdiag/GPU-z/HWMonitor when right-clicking on CCC only Intel card appears launching a game and using as "high performance" would speed it up a little but i cant be sure How to verify its working properly? HWMonitor wont show AMD card even when set to high performance Latest GPU-Z wont work because a problem with Intel's, and legacy ones wont either what can I do now? I don't even know if I fixed my problem or not, and i also want to to use Adobe Premier with it, and its locked (the option to run it with the amd card not intels) Edit: now it seems to work, but cant change the setting for adobe Premiere and other programs that i Need to

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• Snow Leopard takes a long time to connect to Windows/Samba server

  - by hood

  We run a very heterogeneous network here: There is some XP, Vista, 7, Leopard, Snow Leopard clients, and Windows 2003 (one remaining legacy app), 2008, and Linux servers. The main file server runs Ubuntu Linux and has been added to the Windows Domain and has been used for many years; SBS 2008 is the PDC (the 2003 and 2008 are on the domain also). In Leopard there were no problems at all authenticating to the file servers. We've upgraded one of the Leopard iMacs to Snow Leopard, though the same problem occurs in a new MBP which came with the newer OS as well as a clean install on another iMac. It does not matter whether connected through wired or wireless. In the Finder when clicking on the server - whether on first boot or after it is connected - it will display "Connecting..." for up to a few minutes before either generally working (if username/password in keychain) or displaying "Connection Failed" - at which time clicking "Connect As" and typing in the username/password will take some more time and eventually work. Sometimes it will display "Connecting..." indefinitely. (I've left it as long as 15 minutes before trying something else) Accessing shares on the the 2003 and SBS servers have the problem (so I don't think it's a Samba server issue). The Server 2008 Standard is connecting instantly at the moment. Accessing the share through an alias/stacks doesn't have this problem. Leopard and Windows clients still have no problem. I've searched Google but hasn't yielded any working result. How do I get rid of this delay?

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• Scenario - NTFS Symbolic Link or Junction?

  - by Unsigned

  Differences Absolute Relative File Directory UNC Symbolic link ? ? ? ? ? Junction ? x x ? x Scenario Let's assume we're creating a reparse point to create the redirect C:\SomeDir => D:\SomeDir Since this scenario only requires local, absolute paths, either a junction or symlink would work. In this situation, is there any advantage to using one or the other? Assume Windows 7 for the OS, disregarding backward-compatibility (prior to Vista, symlinks are not supported). Update I have found another difference. Symbolic Link - Link's permissions only affect delete/rename operations on the link itself, read/write access (to the target) is governed by the target's permissions Junction - Junction's permissions affect enumeration, revoking permissions on the junction will deny file listing through that junction, even if the target folder has more permissive ACLs The permissions make it interesting, as symlinks can allow legacy applications to access configuration files in UAC-restricted areas (such as %ProgramFiles%) without changing existing access permissions, by storing the files in a non-restricted location and creating symlinks in the restricted directory.

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• Boot records messed on dual boot (win7 and ubuntu) machine with SSD and HDD

  - by Michael

  i have a lenovo ideapad y570 with two hard drives: SSD and normal HDD both managed by RapidDrive and windows 7 pre-installed. First, i have shrunk my 500 GB HDD a little bit to make some place for a linux installation. Then i installed linux mint 12 to it, also installed grub onto the drive (dev/sdb). Installation programm has not allowed me to install grub on sda. Then i replaced linux mint with ubuntu 12.04 but installed grub onto the SSD (which is dev/sda and was the default-option). After that i could boot into my windows, only ubuntu worked. So i did a research, and tried: rewriting mbr of windows into sda1, reinstalling grub, replacing grub2 with grub-legacy, and now i think my partitions table are totally messed. Here is fdisk -l output: ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 64.0 GB, 64023257088 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 7783 cylinders, total 125045424 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 411647 204800 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda2 411648 1009430959 504509656 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT Disk /dev/sdb: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders, total 976773168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x5e5d1cc8 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 * 1979 884389887 442193954+ 12 Compaq diagnostics /dev/sdb2 884391934 976771071 46189569 5 Extended /dev/sdb5 884391936 937705471 26656768 83 Linux /dev/sdb6 937707520 967006207 14649344 83 Linux /dev/sdb7 967008256 976771071 4881408 82 Linux swap / Solaris I also cant mount any windows partitions to recover data. And when i open gparted, the whole sda-disk appears unallocated and it states "can not have a partition outside the disk!", also the end-sector address of /dev/sda2 confuses me. If i boot from the SSD, it throws some mbr error and wont boot, if i boot from the HDD, i only get the grub bash. How do i restore the partition tables? I can boot only from a live-cd at the machine. Thanks for any help.

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• Ubuntu+Win7--disk error press any key to restart

  - by Siddharth

  Apparently,none of the solutions in any other posts and forums worked for me For some reasons I decided to remove ubuntu from my hard disk drive. My partition table(presently): (/dev/sda1) (fat32) 900 MiB ---(MBR,I suppose) (/dev/sda2) (ntfs) 70 GiB -----(Windows 7) (/dev/sda3) (ntfs) 314.88 GiB --(Personal File storage) (/dev/sda4) (ext4) 80 GiB -----(Ubuntu 13.04) (unallocated) -----1.31 MiB So,after moving(cut-paste) everything(for backup) from the fat32 partition using win7..I booted into Ubuntu and copied the remaining 3 files(hidden in Win7 file explorer) --bootmgr,bootsect.bak,and one more which I do not remember.TERRIBLE MISTAKE After this I again booted into Windows and deleted ext4 partition..formatted it to ntfs..and shut down the pc.Then,I put in a Win7 bootable USB..using command prompt I entered bootrec /fixmbr,and bootrec /fixboot.. Restarting showed me the GRUB..choosing windows 7 showed me "Disk Error. Press any key to restart." I also installed a fresh Win7 installation on the 80 GiB partition expecting a Windows Legacy Bootloader with two win7 options..but did not work. Then..I used a Ubuntu LiveUSB to put it back to the present configuration(above) since all methods to restore the MBR failed.. I copied back the fat32 partitions backup files but couldn't copy those 3 files.Somehow ,they had been recreated and were non-replaceable. I do not want to format the win7 partition for a fresh one. I have used boot-repair..Restore MBR option brings back to "Disk error...." without even going through grub..so I reinstalled grub and I'm able to boot into Ubuntu. grub menu shows the win7 option as "Windows 7 (loader) (on /dev/sda1)". paste.ubuntu.com/5753710 paste.ubuntu.com/5775999

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• windows: force user to use specific network adapter

  - by Chad

  I'm looking for a configuration/hack to force a particular application or all traffic from a particular user to use a specific NIC. I have an legacy client/server app that has a "security feature" that limits connections based on IP address. I'm trying to find a way to migrate this app to a terminal server environment. The simple solution is for the development team to update the code in the application, however in this case that's not an option. I was thinking I might be able to install VMware NIC's installed for each user on the terminal server and do some type of scripting to force that user account to use a specific NIC. Anybody have any ideas on this? EDIT 1: I think I have a hack to work around my specific problem, however I'd love to hear of a more elegant solution. I got lucky in that the software reads the server IP address out of a config file. So I'm going to have to make a config file for each user and make a customer programs files for each user. Then add a VMware NIC for each user and make each server IP address reside on a different subnet. That will force the traffic for a particular user to a particular IP address, however its really messy and all the VM NIC's will slow down the terminal server. I'll setup a proof of concept Monday and let the group know how it affects performance.

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• When to raise domain functional level?

  - by Joel Coel

  We very recently completed a project to retire two old domain controllers running Server 2003 R2. They are now replaced with shiny new 2008 R2 boxes. However, the functional level of the domain has not yet been updated for the 2008 R2 servers, just in the long-shot case of the need for a rollback to the old controllers. I expect to have the all clear to update the domain by next weekend. I also want to note that our desktop clients are still 95% Windows XP. However, we're about to start a project to update our 200 or so clients to Windows 7 before the end of the calendar year. Is there any advantage to holding the domain at the 2003 functional level while we are still supporting more Windows XP than Windows 7, especially given that some of the management stations are still XP? Update: I forgot to mention earlier that we still have a pair of windows 2000 servers (not domain controllers) that support some legacy software. I'm working to replace those, but in the meantime I need to be sure that Windows 2000 can still participate in a 2008 R2 domain.

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• Provider claiming "all web servers in the cloud are automatically kept in sync" - should I be skeptical?

  - by RobMasters

  I'm no expert in cloud computing - I've spent a fair bit of time researching it and various providers but am yet to get any hands-on experience with it. From what I've read about AWS and auto-scaling EC2 instances though, it seems as though each instance should be completely decoupled from all other instances. i.e. If content is uploaded to the web server's local filesystem from a custom CMS backend then that content won't be available if subsequently requested from a different web server in the auto-scaling group. Is that right? I met with a representative of our existing hosting provider recently and he was claiming that it isn't a problem that our legacy CMS system is highly dependent on having a local filesystem. He said that all web servers, regardless of how many, would be kept as exact duplicates so I shouldn't notice any difference compared to our existing setup of a single dedicated server. This smells a little too much like bull fecal-matter to me...should I be skeptical about this? I'm a little worried because my (non-technical) boss who ultimately makes the decisions is all for signing up to this cloud solution because it won't require any extra work. I'm sure that they must at least be able to provide this, otherwise they wouldn't be attempting to sell it to us. But at what cost? It sounds as though each web server will always need to be checking the other web server(s) for new static content, which to me sounds like unwanted overhead that'll slow things down. I'd really appreciate it if somebody could clear this up to me. I'm all for switching to AWS and using S3+CloudFront for all static content, but that isn't looking very likely to happen at the moment.

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• Encrypted Windows 7 & Linux Advice Wanted

  - by Miles

  I would like to set up my laptop to dual boot Arch Linux and Windows 7 with file sharing and encryption. Just wanted some advice on going about this because I have not dealt with encryption nor file sharing. I have two 500GB hard drives, and this is my plan: Install Windows 7 across both hard drives Use a live CD to wipe out Windows boot loader and replace with Grub Legacy Use live CD to wipe out second hard drive and re-size the Windows partition located on first hard drive Install Arch Linux along side with Windows 7 on first hard drive, all remaining space goes to home folder as ext2 Install truecrypt and ext2fsd Concerns: Is this the most efficient way to share files between both OSes? Or should I just be using NTFS to store all my data? How would the file permissions work when sharing files between Windows and Linux? Is there a high likley hood of corruption, and what is the ease of backing up files from an encrypted disk? Anything I should look out for, conflict between Grub and Truecrypt? Thank you for any advice, and feel free to post any links you might find useful to me. I am trying to plan this out so I can minimize downtime as I do not want to spend more than a night on this, nor do I want to run into a major problem some time in the future.

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• Determine from where is "sh" being run under apache www-data user using using PF or NETSTAT

  - by Eugene van der Merwe

  I am working with a compromised Ubuntu 8.04 Plesk 9.5.4 server. It seems that a script on the server is continuously doing reverse lookups to random IPs on the Internet. I first spotted it during by using top and then noticed flashes of this coming up continuously: sh -c host -W 1 '198.204.241.10' I wrote a this script to interrogate ps every 1 second to see how frequently this script happens: #!/bin/bash while : do ps -ef | egrep -i "sh -c host" sleep 1 done The results are that this script runs often, every few seconds: www-data 17762 8332 1 10:07 ? 00:00:00 sh -c host -W 1 '59.58.139.134' www-data 17772 8332 1 10:07 ? 00:00:00 sh -c host -W 1 '59.58.139.134' www-data 17879 17869 0 10:07 ? 00:00:00 sh -c host -W 1 '198.204.241.10' www-data 17879 17869 1 10:07 ? 00:00:00 sh -c host -W 1 '198.204.241.10' www-data 17879 17869 0 10:07 ? 00:00:00 sh -c host -W 1 '198.204.241.10' root 18031 17756 0 10:07 pts/2 00:00:00 egrep -i sh -c host www-data 18078 16704 0 10:07 ? 00:00:00 sh -c host -W 1 '59.58.139.134' www-data 18125 17996 0 10:07 ? 00:00:00 sh -c host -W 1 '91.124.51.65' root 18131 17756 0 10:07 pts/2 00:00:00 egrep -i sh -c host www-data 18137 17869 0 10:07 ? 00:00:00 sh -c host -W 1 '198.204.241.10' www-data 18137 17869 1 10:07 ? 00:00:00 sh -c host -W 1 '198.204.241.10' My theory is if I can see who is launching the sh process or form where it's launched I can isolate the problem further. Can somebody please guide me using netstat or ps to identify from where sh is being run? I might get many suggestions that the OS is out of date and so the Plesk, but please bear in mind there are some very concrete reasons why this server is running legacy software. My question is aimed at a advanced Linux systems administrators who have in depth experience with security compromises and using netstat and ps to get to the bottom of it.

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• Solaris 10: How to remove devices from a zpool with /usr currently mounted?

  - by cali-spc

  I use Solaris 10 on SPARC. I have /usr legacy mounted on a zpool 'usr-pool'. I now need to move some of the devices in usr-pool to another zpool which is running out of room. What is the safest way for me to do this? I already know that (since my zpool is not mirrored) I need to destroy and recreate the zpool. I know how to backup and restore a zfs snapshot. However... I'm stumped on how to unmount usr-pool without losing access to the commands I need on /usr to complete the backup/restore. Cursory research indicated that I should boot to OpenBoot (init 0) and then 'boot cdrom -s'. I did this but none of the zpools are accessible on that runlevel. I also read I could just copy /usr to another location, symlink /usr to that location, then do my backup/restore. Is that safe to do? I would appreciate some guidance. S.

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• Network driver for Hyper-V restore from Windows Home Server

  - by Philipp Schmid

  I have backed up Windows Server 2008 running virtualized on Hyper-V to a Windows Home Server 2008 SP1 (I know I should have backed up the VHD instead). Now I need to restore the contents of the VM from WHS. I have created a restore CD ISO and used it to create a new VM. It all works as advertised up to the point where the restore process wants to load the network drivers (it only finds 4 disk drivers on the restore CD. but no network drivers). So I created a virtual floppy and copied the contents of 'Home Server Drivers for Restore onto it. But no luck! I have tried moving the 4 subdirectories into the root of the floppy, but that didn't work either. Finally, I started another instance of the WS 2008 to identify the network driver that the virtualized instance is using (%WINDOWS%\system32\drivers\netvsc60.sys) and copied that file onto the virtual floppy, without success. Does anyone have any suggestions on how to get networking working on a Hyper-V instance running off the Windows Home Server Restore CD? UPDATE: As suggested by delenda, I have added a legacy network adapter to my VM, and indeed I now get a network driver listed! However, the WHS it still not found, even after entering the home server name manually. PHS

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