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• Website filtering for OpenVPN clients

  - by Asche

  I am currently trying to block some websites by their domain names for all the clients of my OpenVPN server. My first idea was to use the /etc/hosts file. But, its effects seem to be limited to the host only and not to be taken in consideration by OpenVPN. I then tried to configure bind9 and to interface it with OpenVPN, but that solution was unsuccessful and uneasy to use. After this, I considered using iptables to drop all the packets from/to those websites but that forum thread made me thought otherwise since iptables' behavior with FQDN may generate complex issues. Have you got a solution to block websites for all clients using an OpenVPN server on which I am root?

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• Script to gather all the files ending in .log and create a tar.gz file.

  - by Oscar Reyes

  I'm currently using this script line to find all the log files from a given directory structure and copy them to another directy where I can easily compress them. find . -name "*.log" -exec cp \{\} /tmp/allLogs/ \; The problem I have, is, the directory/subdirectory information gets lost because, I'm copying only the file. For instance I have: ./product/install/install.log ./product/execution/daily.log ./other/conf/blah.log And I end up with: /tmp/allLogs/install.log /tmp/allLogs/daily.log /tmp/allLogs/blah.log And I would like to have: /tmp/allLogs/product/install/install.log /tmp/allLogs/product/execution/daily.log /tmp/allLogs/other/conf/blah.log

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• crontab: question about a special case of the dash character in the time field spec

  - by mdpc

  In the SuSE /etc/crontab the entry to run the cron.{hourly,daily,monthly,weekly} scripts is coded as: -*/15 * * * * root test -x /usr/lib/cron/run-crons && /usr/lib/cron/run-crons /dev/null 2&1 Notice that the very first character of the specification is a dash character (-), and this is NOT a typo. Can somebody explain what the time spec '-*/15' means? BTW, the stuff seems to be running fine. Thanks

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• Piping the output of a program to Preview.app

  - by Abhay Buch

  I'm using an application (the dot program of the graphviz library) that generates a wide variety of file formats including PostScript and PDF. It can send the result to stdout or to a file. I'm currently sending it to a file and opening it with Preview. Is there any way to pipe the output and have it be read by Preview, so that I'd don't have to generate a file and have it lying around? This is going to be used by a number of people who won't know the internal structure of the generating script and I don't want to clutter their folders or complicate their lives. More generally, is there any way to take a program that sends its output to stdout and pass that output to an program that usually takes it's input from a file, without actually creating a file?

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• IP routing Solaris 9 access the internet from local network

  - by help_me

  I am trying to configure the NICS on the Solaris Sparc server. My problem lies in getting out to the "Internet" from the local network. I have requested the NIC to receive a DHCP server address #ifconfig -interface dhcp start. If anyone could guide me as to what I need to do next. I am not able to ping 4.2.2.2 or access the internet. Much appreciated, thank you #uname -a SunOS dev 5.9 Generic_122300-59 sun4u sparc SUNW,Sun-Fire-V210 ifconfig -a lo0: flags=1000849<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING,MULTICAST,IPv4> mtu 8232 index 1 inet 127.0.0.1 netmask ff000000 bge0: flags=1000843<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST,IPv4> mtu 1500 index 2 inet 10.100.0.3 netmask ffffc000 broadcast 10.100.63.255 bge0:2: flags=1000843<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST,IPv4> mtu 1500 index 2 inet 10.100.0.22 netmask ffffc000 broadcast 10.100.63.255 bge3: flags=1004843<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST,DHCP,IPv4> mtu 1500 index 12 inet 169.14.60.37 netmask fffffe00 broadcast 169.14.61.255 cat /etc/defaultrouter 10.100.0.254 169.14.60.1 cat /etc/resolv.conf nameserver 169.14.96.73 nameserver 169.10.8.4 netstat -rn Routing Table: IPv4 Destination Gateway Flags Ref Use Interface -------------------- -------------------- ----- ----- ------ --------- 169.14.60.37 169.14.60.1 UGH 1 0 169.14.60.0 169.14.60.37 U 1 18 bge3 10.100.0.0 10.100.0.3 U 1 34940 bge0 10.100.0.0 10.100.0.22 U 1 0 bge0:2 224.0.0.0 10.100.0.3 U 1 0 bge0 default 10.100.0.254 UG 1 111 default 169.14.60.1 UG 1 26 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 UH 10 59464 lo0 bash-2.05$ sudo ndd -get /dev/ip bge0:ip_forwarding 1 bash-2.05$ sudo ndd -get /dev/ip bge3:ip_forwarding 1 bash-2.05$ sudo ndd -get /dev/ip ip_forwarding 1

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• Removing files with strange names

  - by pythonic metaphor

  Somehow I ended up with a file named "-r". How do I remove it? rm -r doesn't work. I tried 'rm -i `ls -a`' to step through the file names, but it didn't prompt me to delete this one. Edit A very hacky approach was to use python's os.unlink function. That worked, but I'm curious to hear other ways.

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• Selected text gets automatically copied in vim.

  - by Yogesh Arora

  Whenever i select something in visual mode it automatically gets copied. It causes a problem since i have alread something in clipboard to paste in that selected text. Is there any way to disable this. Is this due to the fact that my xterm also has similar behaviour

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• Rsync and Lazy mode ?

  - by fabien-barbier

  Since transferring or copying a file that is being used sometimes causes corruption of the transferred file, can we define a time interval in which Rsync checks each file in a given directory to see if there is a change within that time interval ? Files that are not changed during that interval will be transferred, while those that have changes will not. Can I do that with rsync ? Or another tool ? Is there a script to add this functionality to Rsync ? Thanks

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• How to create a cron job to upload files to an FTP server

  - by Christopher

  I would like to create a cron job that uploads files from a directory on my computer to my FTP server. I would like it to do it daily at midnight. I know pretty much nothing about cron, so I apologize if I sound stupid!

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• How to connect with MySQL server if it won't connect via the socket?

  - by cwd

  I have an account on a shared server. I have jailshell access and also PhpMyAdmin. I want to run mysql commands via SSH but I'm getting an error: $ mysql -u mySqlUser -p mySqlPw Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' I can connect with PHP and phpMyAdmin, so would it be possible to call mysql from the shell and have it connect via an ip and port instead of the socket? The file /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock does not exist - maybe that is intentional, and the only thing in /etc/my.cnf is [mysqld] skip-innodb More Info I don't have access to change system settings. I did a search in /var for mysql.sock but found nothing. However, phpMyAdmin might be connecting via a socket somehow: Really it would just be great if I could connect via IP. Also tried these two syntaxes: $ mysql -u mySqlUser -p mySqlPw -h localhost $ mysql -u mySqlUser -p mySqlPw -h localhost -P 3306 Both with the same result: ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' (2)

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• Reporting memory usage per process/program

  - by Nick Retallack

  How can I get the current memory usage (preferably in bytes so they can be added up accurately) for all running processes individually? Can I roll up the summaries for child processes into the process that spawned them? (e.g all apache threads together). Sometimes, my server runs out of memory and becomes unresponsive. I want to discover what is using up all the memory. Unfortunately, it's likely to not be a single process. Some programs spawn hundreds of processes, each using very little memory, but it adds up. On a side note, is it normal for apache to spawn 200+ processes?

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• Can not understand this script

  - by Jim

  Can someone help me understand this script? It is from sysconf_add and I am new to scripting. I need to do something similar. function add_word() { local word=$1 local word_quoted=$2 if ! word_present; then $debug && cp $file $tmpf sed -i -e "${lineno} { s/^[[:space:]]*\($var=\".*\)\(\".*\)/\1 $word_quoted\2/; s/=\" /=\"/ }" $file $debug && diff -u $tmpf $file else echo \"$word\" already present fi # some balancing for vim"s syntax highlighting }

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• Input field separator in awk

  - by Matthijs

  I have many large data files. The delimiter between the fields is a semicolon. However, I have found that there are semicolons in some of the fields, so I cannot simply use the semicolon as a field separator. The following example has 4 fields, but awk sees only 3, because the '1' in field 3 is stripped by the regex (which includes a '-' because some of the numerical data are negative): echo '"This";"is";1;"line of; data"' | awk -F'[0-9"-];[0-9"-]' '{print "No. of fields:\t"NF; print "Field 3:\t" $3}' No. of fields: 3 Field 3: ;"line of; data" Of course, echo '"This";"is";1;"line of; data"' | awk -F';' '{print "No. of fields:\t"NF}' No. of fields: 5 solves that problem, but counts the last field as two separate fields. Does anyone know a solution to this? Thanks! Matthijs

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• how to do Putty SSH Auto-Login and Run Command File

  - by supportpb

  I am using the follwing to auto login and then run file containng a command. C:\path\to\putty.exe -load "[Sessionname]" -l [user] -pw [password] -m C:\path\to\commands.txt Commands.txt contains the following command ps -elf|grep 'sometext' but when I try to do so a new window for putty comes and exits instantly after login. I cannot see the output of command in commands.txt What is the problem;. Is there error in my approach or I need some more command to make the putty window pause for sometime before exiting.

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• What is a good partitioning design/scheme for a multi-boot *nix system?

  - by static

  I'm planning to install Debian on my server. I would like to design the partitioning scheme in such a way, that I could install one or more other *nix distributives on that. So, reading many articles I think this scheme could be a good one for the initial idea of multi-boot: /grub /swap /LVM VG1 (for OS1) -> /boot (LV1) / (LV2) /tmp (LV3) /var ... /var/log /home /LVM VG2 (for OS2) -> /boot / /tmp /var /var/log /home ... (other distros) /LVM VG0 (for data) -> /data (LV1) But I'm confused a little bit now: what should be the labels for these partitions (unique or not) and what should be the mounting points looking as (/home (OS1) mounted to /home as well as /home (OS2)...)?

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• bash shell script which adds output of commands

  - by John Kube

  Let's say I have a command called foo which prints a number to the screen when called: $foo 3 Let's also say I have another command called bar which prints another number to the screen when called: $bar 5 I'm looking to write a shell script which will add together the output of foo and bar. How would I do that? (The outputs from the commands are not known ahead of time. They just so happen to have been 3 and 5 the last time they were run. They could have been something else.) Thanks!

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• Mac dev folder missing, SSH not working

  - by SamGoody

  A few days ago, SSH stopped working. When I try logging in a get the following message: PTY allocation request failed on channel 0 stdin: is not a tty fatal: unrecognized command '' Connection to 74.52.61.194 closed. Web searches have shown me that there might be something wrong with /dev/std. But my computer lacks a /dev/ drive. There is an Alias to /dev/ [hidden, but I've revealed hidden files to do this search], but when I try to open it I am told that it cannot find the folder it is aliasing. Now, many a web search tells me that without a dev folder, the computer doesn't work, but it does seem to work, except the SSH. Also, are there any tools that can save my SSH preferences so that I don't have to, each time, type out the username@adrees, password, path all of which are long and complex? Not looking for a Filezilla type client, there are many of those. Looking for a command line like putty, that lets me use bash on the remote client. Am on Macbook Pro, latest version of Tiger.

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• command history across multiple PuTTy sessions in SunOS 5.10

  - by foampile

  I have multiple PuTTy sessions open to my SunOS 5.10 server, and I am using ksh, and SOMETIMES the command history is shared among the different sessions and SOMETIMES it is not. I cannot figure out what determines whether it is or is not shared. By shared what I mean is that a command run in one session will be seen as previous command run in another session. I prefer it not to be shared, is there a config setting for that? Thanks

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• Terminal emulation has stopped working. Garbage escape chars

  - by oligofren

  To enable me to do some remote administration of our servers I started using a terminal emulation program called TouchTerm Pro on my iPhone. While not the smoothest experience, it has allowed me to leave my computer behind when going out of town, which makes the slightly painful experience worthwhile. As of late, the app unfortunately no longer works. Pressing up and down keys after logging on via ssh gives me garbage like ^[[A and ^[[B. Combinations with Ctrl - like you can see in the video - no longer works either. Writing full command lines and executing by the enter key works though. Being able to search my bash history was the difference between a usable app and endless frustration, so getting it to work is essential. The app has (of course) met its end of life, not getting updated anymore. I am not quite sure, which side (client or server) that has to be "fixed"/hacked to make the control sequences work again. But is there something I can do to make it work as intended? You can see a video of TouchTerm in operation here.

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• Is it possible to open server ports on TUN devices?

  - by JosephH

  If I make a VPN connection to a server (say myvpn.com; assume this server is not behind any router/firewall) via a TUN device and open a port (say 5555), will someone else be able to connect to me via myvpn.com:5555? If not, is there a tunneling software that does exactly this in a transparent manner? i.e. run any TCP/UDP-based server instance behind a router without NAT using another remote server.

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• sort utility on cyrillic text

  - by Anton

  I have to sort some lines of cyrillic characters and I want to use the sort utility (on MAC OS X 10.6). The problem is that result is incorrect. I take the text into clipboard, then run pbpaste | sort This is plaintext data, and I also tried passing a file to the sort command. My source data is ??????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ? ????? ??????????????? ?????????? ???? ?????? And after sorting I get ???? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ? ????? ??????????????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? Theese lines aren’t even grouped by first letter. I tried option -d, but then I get an error sort: string comparison failed: Illegal byte sequence sort: Set LC_ALL='C' to work around the problem. sort: The strings compared were \320\321\321\321' and\320\320\320\321\321\320’. Exporting the variable as recommended doesn’t solve the problem. What can I do to use the sort utility for such a task? Any additional info is necessary?

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• compressing dd backup on the fly

  - by Phil

  Maybe this will sound like dumb question but the way i'm trying to do it doesn't work. I'm on livecd, drive is unmounted, etc. When i do backup this way sudo dd if=/dev/sda2 of=/media/disk/sda2-backup-10august09.ext3 bs=64k ...normally it would work but i don't have enough space on external hd i'm copying to (it ALMOST fits into it). So I wanted to compress this way sudo dd if=/dev/sda2 | gzip > /media/disk/sda2-backup-10august09.gz ...but i got permissions denied. I don't understand.

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• Force '^C' to be printed when editing current prompt, then aborting it

  - by Stefan Lasiewski

  This is the opposite of Prevent “^C” from being printed when aborting editing current prompt. I'm using Bash. When I'm editing the commandline in Bash, and I hit Control-C to abort the commandline, the '^C' character does not display. I would like to see this character. I tried commands like stty -ctlecho and stty ctlecho (which I borrowed from the other question), but this didn't work for me. This behavior seems to be true with my environment on Ubuntu, CentOS and MacOSX.

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• How to rename a file inside a folder using a shell command?

  - by Leonid Shevtsov

  I have a file at some/long/path/to/file/myfiel.txt. I want to rename it to some/long/path/to/file/myfile.txt. Currently I do it by mv some/long/path/to/file/myfiel.txt some/long/path/to/file/myfile.txt , but typing the path twice isn't terribly effective (even with tab completion). How can I do this faster? (I think I can write a function to change the filename segment only, but that's plan B).

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• kernel warning disk error for command write - solaris svm

  - by help_me

  Recently this warning came up on my message logs, scsi: [ID 107833 kern.warning] WARNING: /pci@1c,600000/scsi@2/sd@0,0 (sd0): Oct 27 00:14:44 Error for Command: write(10) Error Level:Retryable Oct 27 00:14:44 scsi: [ID 107833 kern.notice] Requested Block: 101515828 Error Block: 101515828 Oct 27 00:14:44 scsi: [ID 107833 kern.notice] Vendor: SEAGATE Serial Number: 0441B9B5H Oct 27 00:14:44 scsi: [ID 107833 kern.notice] Sense Key: Hardware Error Oct 27 00:14:44 scsi: [ID 107833 kern.notice] ASC: 0x19 (defect list error), ASCQ: 0x0, FRU: 0x2 This is showing signs of disk failing in my opinion. I have not seen the messages re-occurring. This is on a Solaris 9 Sparc system V240. The disks are managed by SVM and "metadb" is showing the flags as "a" Are there any tests or indications as to check/see if the disk is actually failing or was that error message initiated by something else. Thank you!

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