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• Install unetbootin on Ubuntu 12.04

  - by Matteo

  I'm trying to install UNetbootin on Ubuntu 12.04 LTS. I downloaded the executable file from this link and followed the instructions below: If using Linux, make the file executable (using either the command chmod +x ./unetbootin-linux, or going to Properties-Permissions and checking "Execute"), then start the application, you will be prompted for your password to grant the application administrative rights, then the main dialog will appear, where you select a distribution and install target (USB Drive or Hard Disk), then reboot when prompted.\ So I typed on my terminal sudo chmod +x unetbootin-linux-584 and tried to execute the binary file with ./unetbootin-linux-584 but got this output: ./unetbootin-linux-584: error while loading shared libraries: libXrandr.so.2: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory However when I checked for libraries libXrandr on my system I actually found them $> locate libXrandr /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libXrandr.so.2 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libXrandr.so.2.2.0 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libXrandr_ltsq.so.2 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libXrandr_ltsq.so.2.2.0 so I really don't have a clue of what's the problem and how can I fix it, any ideas?

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• linux LVM mirror vs. MD mirror

  - by sims

  I think I remember making some mirrors years ago with LVM, and I don't remember this "log" thing. Or maybe I made the mirror with mdadm and put LVM on top. That must be it. What is the LVM log for if it is just a mirror? What is stored there? What is it's purpose? Is using "--mirrorlog core" bad? What's the down side? I don't want to have to have another partition for logs if I don't have to. Any recommendations on using either technology? Even if I make the mirror with mdadm, I'll use LVM on top of that. So, in that case, maybe it's better to have the whole setup built with LVM...? Would that take more a performance hit or less? The disks are for storing Xen domU "disks". Sorry for the complex not-to-the-point "question". Ideas and suggestions and links are most welcome. Thanks!

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• Migrate from MySQL to PostgreSQL on Linux (Kubuntu)

  - by Dave Jarvis

  Storyline Trying to migrate a database from MySQL to PostgreSQL. All the documentation I have read covers, in great detail, how to migrate the structure. I have found very little documentation on migrating the data. The schema has 13 tables (which have been migrated successfully) and 9 GB of data. MySQL version: 5.1.x PostgreSQL version: 8.4.x I want to use the R programming language to analyze the data using SQL select statements; PostgreSQL has PL/R, but MySQL has nothing (as far as I can tell). A long time ago in a galaxy far, far away... Create the database location (/var has insufficient space; also dislike having the PostgreSQL version number everywhere -- upgrading would break scripts!): sudo mkdir -p /home/postgres/main sudo cp -Rp /var/lib/postgresql/8.4/main /home/postgres sudo chown -R postgres.postgres /home/postgres sudo chmod -R 700 /home/postgres sudo usermod -d /home/postgres/ postgres All good to here. Next, restart the server and configure the database using these installation instructions: sudo apt-get install postgresql pgadmin3 sudo /etc/init.d/postgresql-8.4 stop sudo vi /etc/postgresql/8.4/main/postgresql.conf Change data_directory to /home/postgres/main sudo /etc/init.d/postgresql-8.4 start sudo -u postgres psql postgres \password postgres sudo -u postgres createdb climate pgadmin3 Use pgadmin3 to configure the database and create a schema. A New Hope The episode began in a remote shell known as bash, with both databases running, and the installation of a command with a most unusual logo: SQL Fairy. perl Makefile.PL sudo make install sudo apt-get install perl-doc (strangely, it is not called perldoc) perldoc SQL::Translator::Manual Extract a PostgreSQL-friendly DDL and all the MySQL data: sqlt -f DBI --dsn dbi:mysql:climate --db-user user --db-password password -t PostgreSQL > climate-pg-ddl.sql mysqldump --skip-add-locks --complete-insert --no-create-db --no-create-info --quick --result-file="climate-my.sql" --databases climate --skip-comments -u root -p The Database Strikes Back Recreate the structure in PostgreSQL as follows: pgadmin3 (switch to it) Click the Execute arbitrary SQL queries icon Open climate-pg-ddl.sql Search for TABLE " replace with TABLE climate." (insert the schema name climate) Search for on " replace with on climate." (insert the schema name climate) Press F5 to execute This results in: Query returned successfully with no result in 122 ms. Replies of the Jedi At this point I am stumped. Where do I go from here (what are the steps) to convert climate-my.sql to climate-pg.sql so that they can be executed against PostgreSQL? How to I make sure the indexes are copied over correctly (to maintain referential integrity; I don't have constraints at the moment to ease the transition)? How do I ensure that adding new rows in PostgreSQL will start enumerating from the index of the last row inserted (and not conflict with an existing primary key from the sequence)? Resources A fair bit of information was needed to get this far: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/PostgreSQL http://articles.sitepoint.com/article/site-mysql-postgresql-1 http://wiki.postgresql.org/wiki/Converting_from_other_Databases_to_PostgreSQL#MySQL http://pgfoundry.org/frs/shownotes.php?release_id=810 http://sqlfairy.sourceforge.net/ Thank you!

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• With Ubuntu Linux (10+), how do I connect to remote to my machine from Windows

  - by Berlin Brown

  I tried to to remote into my Ubuntu machine. I enabled the setting on Ubuntu and that side seems to work. But I get a connection time out when I use RealVNC on the Windows box. I believe it is a firewall issue. I disabled the firewall for that application on Windows but I don't know how to check if the firewall is enabled on the windows machine. I am on a local network with a router. Ideally, I would want to block that remote control port at the Internet level/router level but "enable" that port on the Windows box and the Ubuntu box. How do I check those settings.

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• Hundreds of unknown entries in Linux logwatch

  - by Saif Bechan

  I have a dedicated server which runs centos. Today i got an email from loginwatch on my server with hundreds of lines of 'errors'. I don't really know what they are becasue i am fairly new at this. The lines are in a few sections, I will display the first 10 of all of them, i hope someone can help me fix these problems. --------------------- Named Begin ------------------------ **Unmatched Entries** client 216.146.46.136 notify question section contains no SOA: 8 Time(s) client 92.114.98.10 query (cache) 'adobe.com/A/IN' denied: 4 Time(s) network unreachable resolving '11.254.75.75.in-addr.arpa/PTR/IN': 2001:7fd::1#53: 1 Time(s) network unreachable resolving '136.176.97.93.in-addr.arpa/PTR/IN': 2001:13c7:7002:3000::11#53: 1 Time(s) network unreachable resolving '136.176.97.93.in-addr.arpa/PTR/IN': 2001:500:13::c7d4:35#53: 1 Time(s) network unreachable resolving '136.176.97.93.in-addr.arpa/PTR/IN': 2001:500:2e::1#53: 2 Time(s) network unreachable resolving '136.176.97.93.in-addr.arpa/PTR/IN': 2001:610:240:0:53::193#53: 1 Time(s) network unreachable resolving '136.176.97.93.in-addr.arpa/PTR/IN': 2001:610:240:0:53::3#53: 1 Time(s) network unreachable resolving '136.176.97.93.in-addr.arpa/PTR/IN': 2001:660:3006:1::1:1#53: 1 Time(s) network unreachable resolving '136.176.97.93.in-addr.arpa/PTR/IN': 2001:6b0:7::2#53: 1 Time(s) network unreachable resolving '136.176.97.93.in-addr.arpa/PTR/IN': 2001:dc0:1:0:4777::140#53: 1 Time(s) network unreachable resolving '136.176.97.93.in-addr.arpa/PTR/IN': 2001:dc0:2001:a:4608::59#53: 1 Time(s) network unreachable resolving '146.250.19.67.in-addr.arpa/PTR/IN': 2001:5a0:10::2#53: 1 Time(s) network unreachable resolving '149.207.106.87.in-addr.arpa/PTR/IN': 2001:7fd::1#53: 1 Time(s) network unreachable resolving '178.62.24.195.in-addr.arpa/PTR/IN': 2001:7fd::1#53: 1 Time(s) this goes on for hundreds of lines with all different domain names. --------------------- pam_unix Begin ------------------------ Failed logins from: 78.86.126.211 (78-86-126-211.zone2.bethere.co.uk): 111 times 93.97.176.136 (93-97-176-136.dsl.cnl.uk.net): 113 times 121.14.145.32: 136 times 190.152.69.5: 248 times 209.160.72.15: 572 times 210.26.48.35: 2 times 212.235.111.224 (DSL212-235-111-224.bb.netvision.net.il): 140 times 218.206.25.29: 140 times Illegal users from: 78.86.126.211 (78-86-126-211.zone2.bethere.co.uk): 2665 times 93.97.176.136 (93-97-176-136.dsl.cnl.uk.net): 2539 times 121.14.145.32: 116 times 190.152.69.5: 34 times 209.160.72.15: 324 times 218.206.25.29: 8051 times proftpd: Unknown Entries: session opened for user cent_ftp by (uid=0): 15 Time(s) session closed for user cent_ftp: 14 Time(s) sshd: Authentication Failures: unknown (218.206.25.29): 8051 Time(s) unknown (78-86-126-211.zone2.bethere.co.uk): 2665 Time(s) unknown (93.97.176.136): 2539 Time(s) root (209.160.72.15): 558 Time(s) unknown (209.160.72.15): 324 Time(s) root (190.152.69.5): 246 Time(s) unknown (121.14.145.32): 116 Time(s) root (121.14.145.32): 106 Time(s) root (dsl212-235-111-224.bb.netvision.net.il): 70 Time(s) root (93.97.176.136): 44 Time(s) root (78-86-126-211.zone2.bethere.co.uk): 37 Time(s) unknown (190.152.69.5): 34 Time(s) mysql (121.14.145.32): 30 Time(s) nobody (218.206.25.29): 26 Time(s) mail (218.206.25.29): 24 Time(s) news (218.206.25.29): 24 Time(s) root (218.206.25.29): 24 Time(s) --------------------- SSHD Begin ------------------------ **Unmatched Entries** pam_succeed_if(sshd:auth): error retrieving information about user tavi : 2 time(s) pam_succeed_if(sshd:auth): error retrieving information about user pam : 2 time(s) pam_succeed_if(sshd:auth): error retrieving information about user konchog : 1 time(s) pam_succeed_if(sshd:auth): error retrieving information about user stavrum : 2 time(s) pam_succeed_if(sshd:auth): error retrieving information about user rachel : 1 time(s) pam_succeed_if(sshd:auth): error retrieving information about user affiliates : 24 time(s) pam_succeed_if(sshd:auth): error retrieving information about user nen : 1 time(s) pam_succeed_if(sshd:auth): error retrieving information about user cobra : 1 time(s) pam_succeed_if(sshd:auth): error retrieving information about user pass : 7 time(s) pam_succeed_if(sshd:auth): error retrieving information about user hacer : 1 time(s) pam_succeed_if(sshd:auth): error retrieving information about user chung : 1 time(s) pam_succeed_if(sshd:auth): error retrieving information about user zainee : 1 time(s) pam_succeed_if(sshd:auth): error retrieving information about user radu : 2 time(s) pam_succeed_if(sshd:auth): error retrieving information about user alka : 4 time(s) pam_succeed_if(sshd:auth): error retrieving information about user albert : 5 time(s) pam_succeed_if(sshd:auth): error retrieving information about user turcia : 2 time(s) pam_succeed_if(sshd:auth): error retrieving information about user cordell : 2 time(s) pam_succeed_if(sshd:auth): error retrieving information about user silver : 2 time(s) pam_succeed_if(sshd:auth): error retrieving information about user dragon : 3 time(s) If someone wants to see the whole log i can upload it somewhere. Am i being hacked, what is this all?? I hope someone can help me, this does not look good at all.

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• boot.ini Issue - Multi-boot System, Linux, XP and XP64 - Missing File in system32 Message

  - by nicorellius

  I have an interesting issue that has me stumped. Not that I'm a computer whiz or anything. I have a multi-boot system with two hard drives: one drive has CentOS and Windows XP 64-bit and the other drive has Windows XP 32-bit. CentOS grub boot loader works great, and I have it set to default to Windows. But this is the problem. My boot.ini file seems to be in order, yet it still gives an error if I choose the default OS (which, consequently, is XP32): Windows could not start because the following file is missing or corrput: (Windows root) \system32\ntoskrnl.exe. Please re-install a copy of the above file. But if I choose the actual boot ID, i.e., toggle to the Windows XP Pro selection it boots just fine. In the boot.ini file, the entry for XP 32 is the samee: [boot loader] timeout=30 default=multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINDOWS="Windows XP Pro" /noexecute=optin /fastdetect /usepmtimer [operating systems] multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINDOWS="Windows XP Pro" /noexecute=optin /fastdetect /usepmtimer multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(1)partition(2)\WINDOWS="Windows XP Pro x64" /noexecute=optin /fastdetect /usepmtimer What am I missing?

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• Network Scanning: HP Laserjet 2840 & Windows 7 (+ Linux?)

  - by Eddie Parker

  I own a HP Laserjet 2840 multifunction printer. It's a fabulous device, but on Windows 7 it can't network scan. HP doesn't seem to support it in anything greater than Vista, and they aren't forth coming with solutions. I'm curious if anyone else has gotten work arounds to this problem. One possible avenue for me is that I have an always-on Gentoo server that is configured to see the printer as a fax and printer using hplip. I have this shared via samba and I can print just fine through samba. Is there a similar way I can do network scanning? Anyone know of where I start looking for this?

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• Ext3 fs: Block bitmap for group 1 not in group (block 0). is fs dead?

  - by ip

  Hi, My company has a server with one big partition with Mysql database and php files. Now this partition seems to be corrupted, as reported from kernel messages when I tried to mount it manually: [329862.817837] EXT3-fs error (device loop1): ext3_check_descriptors: Block bitmap for group 1 not in group (block 0)! [329862.817846] EXT3-fs: group descriptors corrupted! I've tried to recovery it running tools from a PLD livecd. These are the tools I have tested: - e2retrieve - testdisk - photorec - dd_rescue/dd_rhelp - ddrescue - fsck.ext2 - e2salvage without any success. dumpe2fs 1.41.3 (12-Oct-2008) Filesystem volume name: /dev/sda3 Last mounted on: <not available> Filesystem UUID: dd51610b-6de0-4392-a6f3-67160dbc0343 Filesystem magic number: 0xEF53 Filesystem revision #: 1 (dynamic) Filesystem features: has_journal filetype sparse_super Default mount options: (none) Filesystem state: not clean with errors Errors behavior: Continue Filesystem OS type: Linux Inode count: 9502720 Block count: 18987570 Reserved block count: 949378 Free blocks: 11555345 Free inodes: 11858398 First block: 0 Block size: 4096 Fragment size: 4096 Blocks per group: 32768 Fragments per group: 32768 Inodes per group: 16384 Inode blocks per group: 512 Last mount time: Wed Mar 24 09:31:03 2010 Last write time: Mon Apr 12 11:46:32 2010 Mount count: 10 Maximum mount count: 30 Last checked: Thu Jan 1 01:00:00 1970 Check interval: 0 (<none>) Reserved blocks uid: 0 (user root) Reserved blocks gid: 0 (group root) First inode: 11 Inode size: 128 Journal inode: 8 Journal backup: inode blocks dumpe2fs: A block group is missing an inode table while reading journal inode There's any other tools I have to test before considering these disk definitely unrecoverable? Many thanks, ip

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• unexplainable packet drops with 5 ethernet NICs and low traffic on Ubuntu

  - by jon

  I'm stuck on problem where my machine started to drops packets with no sign of ANY system load or high interrupt usage after an upgrade to Ubuntu 12.04. My server is a network monitoring sensor, running Ubuntu LTS 12.04, it passively collects packets from 5 interfaces doing network intrusion type stuff. Before the upgrade I managed to collect 200+GB of packets a day while writing them to disk with around 0% packet loss depending on the day with the help of CPU affinity and NIC IRQ to CPU bindings. Now I lose a great deal of packets with none of my applications running and at very low PPS rate which a modern workstation NIC would have no trouble with. Specs: x64 Xeon 4 cores 3.2 Ghz 16 GB RAM NICs: 5 Intel Pro NICs using the e1000 driver (NAPI). [1] eth0 and eth1 are integrated NICs (in the motherboard) There are 2 other PCI-X network cards, each with 2 Ethernet ports. 3 of the interfaces are running at Gigabit Ethernet, the others are not because they're attached to hubs. Specs: [2] http://support.dell.com/support/edocs/systems/pe2850/en/ug/t1390aa.htm uptime 17:36:00 up 1:43, 2 users, load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.05 # uname -a Linux nms 3.2.0-29-generic #46-Ubuntu SMP Fri Jul 27 17:03:23 UTC 2012 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux I also have the CPU governor set to performance mode and irqbalance off. The problem still occurs with them on. # lspci -t -vv -[0000:00]-+-00.0 Intel Corporation E7520 Memory Controller Hub +-02.0-[01-03]--+-00.0-[02]----0e.0 Dell PowerEdge Expandable RAID controller 4 | \-00.2-[03]-- +-04.0-[04]-- +-05.0-[05-07]--+-00.0-[06]----07.0 Intel Corporation 82541GI Gigabit Ethernet Controller | \-00.2-[07]----08.0 Intel Corporation 82541GI Gigabit Ethernet Controller +-06.0-[08-0a]--+-00.0-[09]--+-04.0 Intel Corporation 82546EB Gigabit Ethernet Controller (Copper) | | \-04.1 Intel Corporation 82546EB Gigabit Ethernet Controller (Copper) | \-00.2-[0a]--+-02.0 Digium, Inc. Wildcard TE210P/TE212P dual-span T1/E1/J1 card 3.3V | +-03.0 Intel Corporation 82546EB Gigabit Ethernet Controller (Copper) | \-03.1 Intel Corporation 82546EB Gigabit Ethernet Controller (Copper) +-1d.0 Intel Corporation 82801EB/ER (ICH5/ICH5R) USB UHCI Controller #1 +-1d.1 Intel Corporation 82801EB/ER (ICH5/ICH5R) USB UHCI Controller #2 +-1d.2 Intel Corporation 82801EB/ER (ICH5/ICH5R) USB UHCI Controller #3 +-1d.7 Intel Corporation 82801EB/ER (ICH5/ICH5R) USB2 EHCI Controller +-1e.0-[0b]----0d.0 Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI RV100 QY [Radeon 7000/VE] +-1f.0 Intel Corporation 82801EB/ER (ICH5/ICH5R) LPC Interface Bridge \-1f.1 Intel Corporation 82801EB/ER (ICH5/ICH5R) IDE Controller I believe the NIC nor the NIC drivers are dropping the packets because ethtool reports 0 under rx_missed_errors and rx_no_buffer_count for each interface. On the old system, if it couldn't keep up this is where the drops would be. I drop packets on multiple interfaces just about every second, usually in small increments of 2-4. I tried all these sysctl values, I'm currently using the uncommented ones. # cat /etc/sysctl.conf # high net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 3000000 net.core.rmem_max = 16000000 net.core.rmem_default = 8000000 # defaults #net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 1000 #net.core.rmem_max = 131071 #net.core.rmem_default = 163480 # moderate #net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 10000 #net.core.rmem_max = 33554432 #net.core.rmem_default = 33554432 Here's an example of an interface stats report with ethtool. They are all the same, nothing is out of the ordinary ( I think ), so I'm only going to show one: ethtool -S eth2 NIC statistics: rx_packets: 7498 tx_packets: 0 rx_bytes: 2722585 tx_bytes: 0 rx_broadcast: 327 tx_broadcast: 0 rx_multicast: 1504 tx_multicast: 0 rx_errors: 0 tx_errors: 0 tx_dropped: 0 multicast: 1504 collisions: 0 rx_length_errors: 0 rx_over_errors: 0 rx_crc_errors: 0 rx_frame_errors: 0 rx_no_buffer_count: 0 rx_missed_errors: 0 tx_aborted_errors: 0 tx_carrier_errors: 0 tx_fifo_errors: 0 tx_heartbeat_errors: 0 tx_window_errors: 0 tx_abort_late_coll: 0 tx_deferred_ok: 0 tx_single_coll_ok: 0 tx_multi_coll_ok: 0 tx_timeout_count: 0 tx_restart_queue: 0 rx_long_length_errors: 0 rx_short_length_errors: 0 rx_align_errors: 0 tx_tcp_seg_good: 0 tx_tcp_seg_failed: 0 rx_flow_control_xon: 0 rx_flow_control_xoff: 0 tx_flow_control_xon: 0 tx_flow_control_xoff: 0 rx_long_byte_count: 2722585 rx_csum_offload_good: 0 rx_csum_offload_errors: 0 alloc_rx_buff_failed: 0 tx_smbus: 0 rx_smbus: 0 dropped_smbus: 01 # ifconfig eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:11:43:e0:e2:8c UP BROADCAST RUNNING NOARP PROMISC ALLMULTI MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:373348 errors:16 dropped:95 overruns:0 frame:16 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:356830572 (356.8 MB) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B) eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:11:43:e0:e2:8d UP BROADCAST RUNNING NOARP PROMISC ALLMULTI MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:13616 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:8690528 (8.6 MB) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B) eth2 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:04:23:e1:77:6a UP BROADCAST RUNNING NOARP PROMISC ALLMULTI MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:7750 errors:0 dropped:471 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:2780935 (2.7 MB) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B) eth3 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:04:23:e1:77:6b UP BROADCAST RUNNING NOARP PROMISC ALLMULTI MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:5112 errors:0 dropped:206 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:639472 (639.4 KB) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B) eth4 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:04:23:b6:35:6c UP BROADCAST RUNNING NOARP PROMISC ALLMULTI MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:961467 errors:0 dropped:935 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:958561305 (958.5 MB) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B) eth5 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:04:23:b6:35:6d inet addr:192.168.1.6 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:4264 errors:0 dropped:16 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:699 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:572228 (572.2 KB) TX bytes:124456 (124.4 KB) I tried the defaults, then started to play around with settings. I wasn't using any flow control and I increased the RxDescriptor count to 4096 before the upgrade as well without any problems. # cat /etc/modprobe.d/e1000.conf options e1000 XsumRX=0,0,0,0,0 RxDescriptors=4096,4096,4096,4096,4096 FlowControl=0,0,0,0,0 debug=16 Here's my network configuration file, I turned off checksumming and various offloading mechanisms along with setting CPU affinity with heavy use interfaces getting an entire CPU and light use interfaces sharing a CPU. I used these settings prior to the upgrade without problems. # cat /etc/network/interfaces # The loopback network interface auto lo iface lo inet loopback # The primary network interface auto eth0 iface eth0 inet manual pre-up /sbin/ethtool -G eth0 rx 4096 tx 0 pre-up /sbin/ethtool -K eth0 gro off gso off rx off pre-up /sbin/ethtool -A eth0 rx off autoneg off up ifconfig eth0 0.0.0.0 -arp promisc mtu 1500 allmulti txqueuelen 0 up post-up echo "4" > /proc/irq/48/smp_affinity down ifconfig eth0 down post-down /sbin/ethtool -G eth0 rx 256 tx 256 post-down /sbin/ethtool -K eth0 gro on gso on rx on post-down /sbin/ethtool -A eth0 rx on autoneg on auto eth1 iface eth1 inet manual pre-up /sbin/ethtool -G eth1 rx 4096 tx 0 pre-up /sbin/ethtool -K eth1 gro off gso off rx off pre-up /sbin/ethtool -A eth1 rx off autoneg off up ifconfig eth1 0.0.0.0 -arp promisc mtu 1500 allmulti txqueuelen 0 up post-up echo "4" > /proc/irq/49/smp_affinity down ifconfig eth1 down post-down /sbin/ethtool -G eth1 rx 256 tx 256 post-down /sbin/ethtool -K eth1 gro on gso on rx on post-down /sbin/ethtool -A eth1 rx on autoneg on auto eth2 iface eth2 inet manual pre-up /sbin/ethtool -G eth2 rx 4096 tx 0 pre-up /sbin/ethtool -K eth2 gro off gso off rx off pre-up /sbin/ethtool -A eth2 rx off autoneg off up ifconfig eth2 0.0.0.0 -arp promisc mtu 1500 allmulti txqueuelen 0 up post-up echo "1" > /proc/irq/82/smp_affinity down ifconfig eth2 down post-down /sbin/ethtool -G eth2 rx 256 tx 256 post-down /sbin/ethtool -K eth2 gro on gso on rx on post-down /sbin/ethtool -A eth2 rx on autoneg on auto eth3 iface eth3 inet manual pre-up /sbin/ethtool -G eth3 rx 4096 tx 0 pre-up /sbin/ethtool -K eth3 gro off gso off rx off pre-up /sbin/ethtool -A eth3 rx off autoneg off up ifconfig eth3 0.0.0.0 -arp promisc mtu 1500 allmulti txqueuelen 0 up post-up echo "2" > /proc/irq/83/smp_affinity down ifconfig eth3 down post-down /sbin/ethtool -G eth3 rx 256 tx 256 post-down /sbin/ethtool -K eth3 gro on gso on rx on post-down /sbin/ethtool -A eth3 rx on autoneg on auto eth4 iface eth4 inet manual pre-up /sbin/ethtool -G eth4 rx 4096 tx 0 pre-up /sbin/ethtool -K eth4 gro off gso off rx off pre-up /sbin/ethtool -A eth4 rx off autoneg off up ifconfig eth4 0.0.0.0 -arp promisc mtu 1500 allmulti txqueuelen 0 up post-up echo "4" > /proc/irq/77/smp_affinity down ifconfig eth4 down post-down /sbin/ethtool -G eth4 rx 256 tx 256 post-down /sbin/ethtool -K eth4 gro on gso on rx on post-down /sbin/ethtool -A eth4 rx on autoneg on auto eth5 iface eth5 inet static pre-up /etc/fw.conf address 192.168.1.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.1.255 gateway 192.168.1.1 dns-nameservers 192.168.1.2 192.168.1.3 up ifconfig eth5 up post-up echo "8" > /proc/irq/77/smp_affinity down ifconfig eth5 down Here's a few examples of packet drops, i ran one after another, probabling totaling 3 or 4 seconds. You can see increases in the drops from the 1st and 3rd. This was a non-busy time, very little traffic. # awk '{ print $1,$5 }' /proc/net/dev Inter-| face drop eth3: 225 lo: 0 eth2: 505 eth1: 0 eth5: 17 eth0: 105 eth4: 1034 # awk '{ print $1,$5 }' /proc/net/dev Inter-| face drop eth3: 225 lo: 0 eth2: 507 eth1: 0 eth5: 17 eth0: 105 eth4: 1034 # awk '{ print $1,$5 }' /proc/net/dev Inter-| face drop eth3: 227 lo: 0 eth2: 512 eth1: 0 eth5: 17 eth0: 105 eth4: 1039 I tried the pci=noacpi options. With and without, it's the same. This is what my interrupt stats looked like before the upgrade, after, with ACPI on PCI it showed multiple NICs bound to an interrupt and shared with other devices such as USB drives which I didn't like so I think i'm going to keep it with ACPI off as it's easier to designate sole purpose interrupts. Is there any advantage I would have using the default i.e. ACPI w/ PCI. ? # cat /etc/default/grub | grep CMD_LINE GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="ipv6.disable=1 noacpi pci=noacpi" GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="" # cat /proc/interrupts CPU0 CPU1 CPU2 CPU3 0: 45 0 0 16 IO-APIC-edge timer 1: 1 0 0 7936 IO-APIC-edge i8042 2: 0 0 0 0 XT-PIC-XT-PIC cascade 6: 0 0 0 3 IO-APIC-edge floppy 8: 0 0 0 1 IO-APIC-edge rtc0 9: 0 0 0 0 IO-APIC-edge acpi 12: 0 0 0 1809 IO-APIC-edge i8042 14: 1 0 0 4498 IO-APIC-edge ata_piix 15: 0 0 0 0 IO-APIC-edge ata_piix 16: 0 0 0 0 IO-APIC-fasteoi uhci_hcd:usb2 18: 0 0 0 1350 IO-APIC-fasteoi uhci_hcd:usb4, radeon 19: 0 0 0 0 IO-APIC-fasteoi uhci_hcd:usb3 23: 0 0 0 4099 IO-APIC-fasteoi ehci_hcd:usb1 38: 0 0 0 61963 IO-APIC-fasteoi megaraid 48: 0 0 1002319 4 IO-APIC-fasteoi eth0 49: 0 0 38772 3 IO-APIC-fasteoi eth1 77: 0 0 130076 432159 IO-APIC-fasteoi eth4 78: 0 0 0 23917 IO-APIC-fasteoi eth5 82: 1329033 0 0 4 IO-APIC-fasteoi eth2 83: 0 4886525 0 6 IO-APIC-fasteoi eth3 NMI: 5 6 4 5 Non-maskable interrupts LOC: 61409 57076 64257 114764 Local timer interrupts SPU: 0 0 0 0 Spurious interrupts IWI: 0 0 0 0 IRQ work interrupts RES: 17956 25333 13436 14789 Rescheduling interrupts CAL: 22436 607 539 478 Function call interrupts TLB: 1525 1458 4600 4151 TLB shootdowns TRM: 0 0 0 0 Thermal event interrupts THR: 0 0 0 0 Threshold APIC interrupts MCE: 0 0 0 0 Machine check exceptions MCP: 16 16 16 16 Machine check polls ERR: 0 MIS: 0 Here's sample output of vmstat, showing the system. Barebones system right now. root@nms:~# vmstat -S m 1 procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- -system-- ----cpu---- r b swpd free buff cache si so bi bo in cs us sy id wa 0 0 0 14992 192 1029 0 0 56 2 419 29 1 0 99 0 0 0 0 14992 192 1029 0 0 0 0 922 27 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 14991 192 1029 0 0 0 36 763 50 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 14991 192 1029 0 0 0 0 646 35 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 14991 192 1029 0 0 0 0 722 54 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 14991 192 1029 0 0 0 0 793 27 0 0 100 0 ^C Here's dmesg output. I can't figure out why my PCI-X slots are negotiated as PCI. The network cards are all PCI-X with the exception of the integrated NICs that came with the server. In the output below it looks as if eth3 and eth2 negotiated at PCI-X speeds rather than PCI:66Mhz. Wouldn't they all drop to PCI:66Mhz? If your integrated NICs are PCI, as labeled below (eth0,eth1), then wouldn't all devices on your bus speed drop down to that slower bus speed? If not, I still don't know why only one of my NICs ( each has two ethernet ports) is labeled as PCI-X in the output below. Does that mean it is running at PCI-X speeds are is it showing that it's capable? # dmesg | grep e1000 [ 3678.349337] e1000: Intel(R) PRO/1000 Network Driver - version 7.3.21-k8-NAPI [ 3678.349342] e1000: Copyright (c) 1999-2006 Intel Corporation. [ 3678.349394] e1000 0000:06:07.0: PCI->APIC IRQ transform: INT A -> IRQ 48 [ 3678.409725] e1000 0000:06:07.0: Receive Descriptors set to 4096 [ 3678.409730] e1000 0000:06:07.0: Checksum Offload Disabled [ 3678.409734] e1000 0000:06:07.0: Flow Control Disabled [ 3678.586409] e1000 0000:06:07.0: eth0: (PCI:66MHz:32-bit) 00:11:43:e0:e2:8c [ 3678.586419] e1000 0000:06:07.0: eth0: Intel(R) PRO/1000 Network Connection [ 3678.586642] e1000 0000:07:08.0: PCI->APIC IRQ transform: INT A -> IRQ 49 [ 3678.649854] e1000 0000:07:08.0: Receive Descriptors set to 4096 [ 3678.649859] e1000 0000:07:08.0: Checksum Offload Disabled [ 3678.649863] e1000 0000:07:08.0: Flow Control Disabled [ 3678.826436] e1000 0000:07:08.0: eth1: (PCI:66MHz:32-bit) 00:11:43:e0:e2:8d [ 3678.826444] e1000 0000:07:08.0: eth1: Intel(R) PRO/1000 Network Connection [ 3678.826627] e1000 0000:09:04.0: PCI->APIC IRQ transform: INT A -> IRQ 82 [ 3679.093266] e1000 0000:09:04.0: Receive Descriptors set to 4096 [ 3679.093271] e1000 0000:09:04.0: Checksum Offload Disabled [ 3679.093275] e1000 0000:09:04.0: Flow Control Disabled [ 3679.130239] e1000 0000:09:04.0: eth2: (PCI-X:133MHz:64-bit) 00:04:23:e1:77:6a [ 3679.130246] e1000 0000:09:04.0: eth2: Intel(R) PRO/1000 Network Connection [ 3679.130449] e1000 0000:09:04.1: PCI->APIC IRQ transform: INT B -> IRQ 83 [ 3679.397312] e1000 0000:09:04.1: Receive Descriptors set to 4096 [ 3679.397318] e1000 0000:09:04.1: Checksum Offload Disabled [ 3679.397321] e1000 0000:09:04.1: Flow Control Disabled [ 3679.434350] e1000 0000:09:04.1: eth3: (PCI-X:133MHz:64-bit) 00:04:23:e1:77:6b [ 3679.434360] e1000 0000:09:04.1: eth3: Intel(R) PRO/1000 Network Connection [ 3679.434553] e1000 0000:0a:03.0: PCI->APIC IRQ transform: INT A -> IRQ 77 [ 3679.704072] e1000 0000:0a:03.0: Receive Descriptors set to 4096 [ 3679.704077] e1000 0000:0a:03.0: Checksum Offload Disabled [ 3679.704081] e1000 0000:0a:03.0: Flow Control Disabled [ 3679.738364] e1000 0000:0a:03.0: eth4: (PCI:33MHz:64-bit) 00:04:23:b6:35:6c [ 3679.738371] e1000 0000:0a:03.0: eth4: Intel(R) PRO/1000 Network Connection [ 3679.738538] e1000 0000:0a:03.1: PCI->APIC IRQ transform: INT B -> IRQ 78 [ 3680.046060] e1000 0000:0a:03.1: eth5: (PCI:33MHz:64-bit) 00:04:23:b6:35:6d [ 3680.046067] e1000 0000:0a:03.1: eth5: Intel(R) PRO/1000 Network Connection [ 3682.132415] e1000: eth0 NIC Link is Up 100 Mbps Half Duplex, Flow Control: None [ 3682.224423] e1000: eth1 NIC Link is Up 100 Mbps Half Duplex, Flow Control: None [ 3682.316385] e1000: eth2 NIC Link is Up 100 Mbps Half Duplex, Flow Control: None [ 3682.408391] e1000: eth3 NIC Link is Up 1000 Mbps Full Duplex, Flow Control: None [ 3682.500396] e1000: eth4 NIC Link is Up 1000 Mbps Full Duplex, Flow Control: None [ 3682.708401] e1000: eth5 NIC Link is Up 1000 Mbps Full Duplex, Flow Control: RX At first I thought it was the NIC drivers but I'm not so sure. I really have no idea where else to look at the moment. Any help is greatly appreciated as I'm struggling with this. If you need more information just ask. Thanks! [1]http://www.cs.fsu.edu/~baker/devices/lxr/http/source/linux/Documentation/networking/e1000.txt?v=2.6.11.8 [2] http://support.dell.com/support/edocs/systems/pe2850/en/ug/t1390aa.htm

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• Regenerating /usr/share/locale/ on Arch Linux

  - by jbjuly

  Is there a way to regenerate deleted locale on /usr/share/locale without downloading the application again?

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• most reliable linux terminal app / general procedures for process stability

  - by intuited

  I've been using konsole (KDE 4.2) for a while now but it crashed recently. Konsole is efficiently designed to use one instance for all of the windows for your entire X session. Extra-unfortunately, because of this ingenuity the crash brought down all the humpty-dumptys and their bashes and their bashes' applications and all the begattens' begattens all the way down to Jebodiah Springfield into one big flat nonexistent omelette. The fact that this app is capable of crashing under any circumstances is pretty disappointing. Although KDE 4.2 is not expected to be entirely stable -- and yes, I know, I should update my distro -- it's still a no-sell for me, since if at all possible, this sort of thing Shouldn't Happen to something that's likely to be a foundation for an entire working environment. Maybe this is arrogant and unrealistic, but if it's possible to have something more stable, I want it. So other than running under screen -- which is fun, nifty, and thus far flawless in its reliability, but which has some issues with not understanding certain keycodes -- I'm looking for ways to improve my environment's reliability. The most obvious strategy is to cast about for a more reliable console app. A standard featureset -- which to me includes tabbed windows, Unicode support, and a decent level of keyboard shortcut configuration -- is pretty much essential. I'm currently running gnome-terminal and roxterm, both of which have acceptable featuresets (pretty much identical, actually; I think rox is actually the superset), and neither of which have provided me with extensive, objective reliability data. Not that they were expected to. Other strategies are also welcome. Were I responding to this question I would perhaps suggest backgrounding critical tasks with & and/or disowning them so they don't come down with the global pandemic. And stuff like that.

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• How to swap the "fn" use of Function keys on al Apple Keyboard in Linux

  - by jfmessier

  I have an apple slim keyboard (USB) and if I want to use one of the Function Key as-is, I also have to press "fn " key first. Otherwise, it will try to perform the other function of the key, such as increasing or decreasing the display intensity, change the volume/mute, etc.... As well, the fn key is actually in the position of the "insert" key for regular keyboards. How can I fix all of that ? I really like this keyboard, as it make my typing much easier, and much more silent too. But some of those mappings that are different sometime bug me. Thanks :-)

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• PHP ZendOptimizer on Red Hat Enterprise Linux

  - by Jacob Kristensen

  I would like to install FlashMoto and the requirements are not unreasonable: PHP 5.2.1 or higher, Zend Optimizer 3.3 or higher. However my RHEL 5.4 provides me with PHP 5.1.6. So I tried the remi repository http://rpms.famillecollet.com/ but it gave me PHP 5.3.1 and Zend Optimizer from zend.com does not support anything higher than 5.2.x. I also tried the dag repo but it does not have PHP in any version. I also tried some RPMs that Oracle provides on their homepage but they don't provide php-mbstring that I also need. Does anyone know how to get PHP 5.2.1 installed on a RHEL 5.4? Then I can probably fix install the Zend thing. Thanks in advance.

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• Download the other half of the half downloaded video and download managers for Linux

  - by becomingGuru

  I tried downloading several videos last night on Chrome but most of them are downloaded incompletely. Is there a software that reads the flv or ogg files and downloads the rest of the file from the specified url? Downloading several GBs all over again gains me nothing, just adds to Global warming. Also, what is a good download manager for Ubuntu. How can I have it take over some bulk downloads from Chrome?

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• Packaging for Ubuntu - Web Application

  - by Sam

  A web application has no make file unlike C++ or anything like that. However, it needs to be placed into specific directories...e.g /var/www. I'm new to linux packaging, so my question is, how do I package my app into a .deb such that when its being installed, it gets put into something like /etc/myprogram/bundles/myprogram-3.4? Mine in particular is a java app running on apache tomcat. I've managed to create a .deb file by reading painstakingly every word in http://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/maint-guide. However when I follow the instructions I end up getting 1) a .deb file that is 1.7kb instead of the ~240mb that it should be, because apparently it is lacking all my source code. 2) confused because I don't know whether I was supposed to write some sort of makefile. I am not even sure where to go about learning the answer to that question, and then I'd have to deal with how to write a makefile. I've posted a similar question to ubuntuforums, but I feel like I'm more likely to get a response here.

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• Linux IPTables / routing issue

  - by Jon

  Hi all, EDIT 1/3/10 22:00 GMT - rewrote some of it after further investigation It has been a while since I looked at IPtables and I seem to be worse than before as I can not seem to get my webserver online. Below is my firewall rules on the gateway server that is running the dhcp server accessing the net. The webserver is inside my network on a static IP (192.168.0.98, default port). When I use Nmap or GRC.com I see that port 80 is open on the gateway server but when I browse to it, (via public URL. http://www.houseofhawkins.com) it always fails with a connection error, (nmap cannot connect and figure out what the web server is either). I can nmap the webserver and browse to it just fine via same IP inside my network. I believe it is my IPTable rules that are not letting it through. Internally I can route all my requests. Each machine can browse to the website and traffic works just fine. I can MSTSC / ssh to all the webservers internally and they inturn can connect to the web. IPTABLE: *EDIT - Added new firewall rules 2/3/10 * #!/bin/sh iptables="/sbin/iptables" modprobe="/sbin/modprobe" depmod="/sbin/depmod" EXTIF="eth2" INTIF="eth1" load () { $depmod -a $modprobe ip_tables $modprobe ip_conntrack $modprobe ip_conntrack_ftp $modprobe ip_conntrack_irc $modprobe iptable_nat $modprobe ip_nat_ftp echo "enable forwarding.." echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward echo "enable dynamic addr" echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_dynaddr # start firewall # default policies $iptables -P INPUT DROP $iptables -F INPUT $iptables -P OUTPUT DROP $iptables -F OUTPUT $iptables -P FORWARD DROP $iptables -F FORWARD $iptables -t nat -F #echo " Opening loopback interface for socket based services." $iptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT $iptables -A OUTPUT -o lo -j ACCEPT #echo " Allow all connections OUT and only existing and related ones IN" $iptables -A INPUT -i $INTIF -j ACCEPT $iptables -A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT $iptables -A OUTPUT -o $EXTIF -j ACCEPT $iptables -A OUTPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT $iptables -A FORWARD -i $EXTIF -o $INTIF -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT $iptables -A FORWARD -i $INTIF -o $EXTIF -j ACCEPT $iptables -A FORWARD -j LOG --log-level 7 --log-prefix "Dropped by firewall: " $iptables -A INPUT -j LOG --log-level 7 --log-prefix "Dropped by firewall: " $iptables -A OUTPUT -j LOG --log-level 7 --log-prefix "Dropped by firewall: " #echo " Enabling SNAT (MASQUERADE) functionality on $EXTIF" $iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o $EXTIF -j MASQUERADE $iptables -A INPUT -i $INTIF -j ACCEPT $iptables -A OUTPUT -o $INTIF -j ACCEPT #echo " Allowing packets with ICMP data (i.e. ping)." $iptables -A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT $iptables -A OUTPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT $iptables -A INPUT -p udp -i $INTIF --dport 67 -m state --state NEW -j ACCEPT #echo " Port 137 is for NetBIOS." $iptables -A INPUT -i $INTIF -p udp --dport 137 -j ACCEPT $iptables -A OUTPUT -o $INTIF -p udp --dport 137 -j ACCEPT #echo " Opening port 53 for DNS queries." $iptables -A INPUT -p udp -i $EXTIF --sport 53 -j ACCEPT #echo " opening Apache webserver" $iptables -A PREROUTING -t nat -i $EXTIF -p tcp --dport 80 -j DNAT --to 192.168.0.96:80 $iptables -A FORWARD -p tcp -m state --state NEW -d 192.168.0.96 --dport 80 -j ACCEPT } flush () { echo "flushing rules..." $iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT $iptables -F INPUT $iptables -P INPUT ACCEPT echo "rules flushed" } case "$1" in start|restart) flush load ;; stop) flush ;; *) echo "usage: start|stop|restart." ;; esac exit 0 route info: Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 5e0412a6.bb.sky * 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 eth2 192.168.0.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth1 default 5e0412a6.bb.sky 0.0.0.0 UG 100 0 0 eth2 ifconfig: eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:22:b0:cf:4a:1c inet addr:192.168.0.1 Bcast:192.168.0.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::222:b0ff:fecf:4a1c/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:79023 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:57786 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:11580918 (11.5 MB) TX bytes:22872030 (22.8 MB) Interrupt:17 Base address:0x2b00 eth2 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0c:f1:7c:45:5b inet addr:94.4.18.166 Bcast:94.4.18.166 Mask:255.255.255.255 inet6 addr: fe80::20c:f1ff:fe7c:455b/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:57038 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:34532 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:21631721 (21.6 MB) TX bytes:7685444 (7.6 MB) lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:16 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:16 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:1517 (1.5 KB) TX bytes:1517 (1.5 KB) EDIT OK so as requested I will try and expand on my infrastructure: I previously had it setup with a Sky broadband modem router that did the DHCP and I used its web interface to port forward the web across to the web server. The network looked something like this: I have now replaced the sky modem with a dlink modem which gives the IP to the gateway server that now does the DHCP. It looks like: The internet connection is a standard broadband connection with a dynamic IP, (use zoneedit.com to keep it updated). I have tried it on each of the webservers(one Ubuntu Apache server and one WS2008 IIS7). I think there must also be an issue with my IPTable rules as it can route to my win7 box which has the default IIS7 page and that would not display when I forwarded all port 80 to it. I would be really grateful for any and all help with this. Thanks Jon

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• Remove Kernel Lock from Unmounted Mass Storage USB Device from the Command Line in Linux

  - by Casey

  I've searched high and low, and can't figure this one out. I have a older Olympus Camera (2001 or so). When I plug in the USB connection, I get the following log output: $ dmesg | grep sd [20047.625076] sd 21:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg7 type 0 [20047.627922] sd 21:0:0:0: [sdg] Attached SCSI removable disk Secondly, the drive is not mounted in the FS, but when I run gphoto2 I get the following error: $ gphoto2 --list-config *** Error *** An error occurred in the io-library ('Could not lock the device'): Camera is already in use. *** Error (-60: 'Could not lock the device') *** What command will unmount the drive. For example in Nautilus, I can right click and select "Safely Remove Device". After doing that, the /dev/sg7 and /dev/sdg devices are removed. The output of gphoto2 is then: # gphoto2 --list-config /Camera Configuration/Picture Settings/resolution /Camera Configuration/Picture Settings/shutter /Camera Configuration/Picture Settings/aperture /Camera Configuration/Picture Settings/color /Camera Configuration/Picture Settings/flash /Camera Configuration/Picture Settings/whitebalance /Camera Configuration/Picture Settings/focus-mode /Camera Configuration/Picture Settings/focus-pos /Camera Configuration/Picture Settings/exp /Camera Configuration/Picture Settings/exp-meter /Camera Configuration/Picture Settings/zoom /Camera Configuration/Picture Settings/dzoom /Camera Configuration/Picture Settings/iso /Camera Configuration/Camera Settings/date-time /Camera Configuration/Camera Settings/lcd-mode /Camera Configuration/Camera Settings/lcd-brightness /Camera Configuration/Camera Settings/lcd-auto-shutoff /Camera Configuration/Camera Settings/camera-power-save /Camera Configuration/Camera Settings/host-power-save /Camera Configuration/Camera Settings/timefmt Some things I've tried already are sdparm and sg3_utils, however I am unfamiliar with them, so it's possible I just didn't find the right command. Update 1: # mount | grep sdg # mount | grep sg7 # umount /dev/sg7 umount: /dev/sg7: not mounted # umount /dev/sdg umount: /dev/sdg: not mounted # gphoto2 --list-config *** Error *** An error occurred in the io-library ('Could not lock the device'): Camera is already in use. *** Error (-60: 'Could not lock the device') ***

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• Rip DVD on Linux

  - by becomingGuru

  I want to rip a DVD and store it in a good and compressed format. What software to use for that and what is the best format; I want best quality and low file size. +1 if I don't have to install any new software (at least those not in the repos) +1 if it can be done on command line

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• repeated failing passwords in linux security log (/var/log/secure)

  - by wallyk

  Recently, I opened up the SSH port through my firewalls (and redirecting to my server) so I could check on the (http) server while on the road. The first week or two there was nothing different. But now, three or four weeks later, I see lots of this: Mar 20 08:38:28 localhost sshd[21895]: pam_unix(sshd:auth): authentication failure; logname= uid=0 euid=0 tty=ssh ruser= rhost=mail.queued.net user=root Mar 20 08:38:31 localhost sshd[21895]: Failed password for root from 207.210.101.209 port 2854 ssh2 Mar 20 15:38:31 localhost sshd[21896]: Received disconnect from 207.210.101.209: 11: Bye Bye Mar 20 08:38:32 localhost unix_chkpwd[21900]: password check failed for user (root) Mar 20 08:38:32 localhost sshd[21898]: pam_unix(sshd:auth): authentication failure; logname= uid=0 euid=0 tty=ssh ruser= rhost=mail.queued.net user=root Mar 20 08:38:34 localhost sshd[21898]: Failed password for root from 207.210.101.209 port 3729 ssh2 Mar 20 15:38:35 localhost sshd[21899]: Received disconnect from 207.210.101.209: 11: Bye Bye Mar 20 08:38:36 localhost unix_chkpwd[21903]: password check failed for user (root) Mar 20 08:38:36 localhost sshd[21901]: pam_unix(sshd:auth): authentication failure; logname= uid=0 euid=0 tty=ssh ruser= rhost=mail.queued.net user=root Mar 20 08:38:38 localhost sshd[21901]: Failed password for root from 207.210.101.209 port 4313 ssh2 Mar 20 15:38:38 localhost sshd[21902]: Received disconnect from 207.210.101.209: 11: Bye Bye Mar 20 08:38:40 localhost unix_chkpwd[21906]: password check failed for user (root) Mar 20 08:38:40 localhost sshd[21904]: pam_unix(sshd:auth): authentication failure; logname= uid=0 euid=0 tty=ssh ruser= rhost=mail.queued.net user=root Mar 20 08:38:42 localhost sshd[21904]: Failed password for root from 207.210.101.209 port 4869 ssh2 Mar 20 15:38:43 localhost sshd[21905]: Received disconnect from 207.210.101.209: 11: Bye Bye Mar 20 08:38:44 localhost unix_chkpwd[21909]: password check failed for user (root) Mar 20 08:38:44 localhost sshd[21907]: pam_unix(sshd:auth): authentication failure; logname= uid=0 euid=0 tty=ssh ruser= rhost=mail.queued.net user=root Mar 20 08:38:46 localhost sshd[21907]: Failed password for root from 207.210.101.209 port 2512 ssh2 Mar 20 15:38:47 localhost sshd[21908]: Received disconnect from 207.210.101.209: 11: Bye Bye Mar 20 15:38:57 localhost sshd[21912]: Connection closed by 207.210.101.209 There are about 1100 lines of these for March 20th, zero for the 19th, and 800 or so for the 18th—all related to the same IP. What does it mean? What should I do? Why isn't it chronological?

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• Installing drivers for switchable graphics

  - by Anonymous

  I recently bought a laptop that came with Windows 7 64-bit installed. I have some older (16-bit and 32-bit) software that doesn't work with 64-bit Windows, but works just fine with 32-bit. Since I also wanted to get rid of all of the pre-installed spam, I decided to wipe the hard drive and install a fresh copy of Windows 7 32-bit. I can't get the graphics cards working. This laptop uses switchable graphics, an Intel card and a Radeon card. I first tried installing this driver from Intel, which works for the Intel card. Of course, the Radeon card doesn't work with this driver and I need it for some of the newer games I have. I also tried this driver. Windows's device manager will recognize the Radeon card, but it will still use the Intel card. Also, even though that package says it contains the Intel driver, the Intel card still isn't properly recognized by Windows (leaving me with a nasty 800x600 resolution). On top of that, the Catalyst Control Center won't open (saying "The Catalyst Control Center is not supported by the driver version of your enabled graphics adapter") I tried installing HP's driver then installing Intel's driver on top of it. Device manager will then recognize both graphics cards properly. However, the laptop still uses the Intel card. The CCC still won't start (saying the same thing as before) and I can't find any of 'switching' graphics cards. Before formatting, I could right-click the desktop and click "Configure Switchable Graphics" This option hasn't been in the context menu regardless of what driver(s) I've installed. After some research, I found out that this menu entry runs the command "cli.exe Start PowerXpressHybrid" I've tried manually running this command, but I get the same unsupported message from CCC. So, does anyone know how I can get this working? I would like to be able to switch between the Intel and Radeon. But, if there's some way to disable the Intel and use only the Radeon, that would be fine I dual-boot with Linux (framebuffer uses the Intel, haven't even tried getting X set up yet) Here's the output of lspci # lspci -v | grep VGA 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 2nd Generation Core Processor Family Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 09) (prog-if 00 [VGA controller]) 01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: ATI Technologies Inc NI Seymour [AMD Radeon HD 6470M] (prog-if 00 [VGA controller]) The laptop is a HP Pavilion g6t-1d00. HP doesn't support installing anything but Windows 7 64-bit, so calling tech support isn't an option. Thanks for any help UPDATE: I finally got it working. After a fresh install of Windows 7, I installed the HP driver (the one linked above). Then, there's an optional Windows update I installed (don't remember the exact name, but it'll stick out). After that, graphics switching works just like it's supposed to. Moab, thanks anyways for your help

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• How to setup VNC on linux

  - by michael

  Hi, Is it possible to have VNC running on ubuntu to share just 1 application running on the desktop instead of the whole desktop? Thank you.

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• best VNC Server for Linux?

  - by Javier Novoa C.

  I know this may be a question about personal preferences. But, in terms of: speed / memory usage / ease of configuration/ licensing , which is the best VNC server you know? I have tried TightVNC, TigerVNC, UltraVNC and RealVNC , but right now I can't figure out which one is the best (any of these I listed or any other) in terms of what I worried about right now (speed/consumption/config/licensing). What are your best choices?

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• gcc: Do I need -D_REENTRANT with pthreads?

  - by stefanB

  On Linux (kernel 2.6.5) our build system calls gcc with -D_REENTRANT. Is this still required when using pthreads? How is it related to gcc -pthread option? I understand that I should use -pthread with pthreads, do I still need -D_REENTRANT? On a side note, is there any difference that you know off between the usage of REENTRANT between gcc 3.3.3 and gcc 4.x.x ? When I use -pthread gcc option I can see that _REENTRANT gets defined. Will omitting -D_REENTRANT from command line make any difference, for example could some objects be compiled without multithreaded support and then linked into binary that uses pthreads and will cause problems? I assume it should be ok just to use: g++ -pthread > echo | g++ -E -dM -c - > singlethreaded > echo | g++ -pthread -E -dM -c - > multithreaded > diff singlethreaded multithreaded 39a40 > #define _REENTRANT 1 We're compiling multiple static libraries and applications that link with the static libraries, both libraries and application use pthreads. I believe it was required at some stage in the past but want to know if it is still required. Googling hasn't returned any recent information mentioning -D_REENTRANT with pthreads. Could you point me to links or references discussing the use in recent version of kernel/gcc/pthread? Clarification: At the moment we're using -D_REENTRANT and -lpthread, I assume I can replace them with just g++ -pthread, looking at man gcc it sets the flags for both preprocessor and linker. Any thoughts?

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• Linux, some packets are not being NAT

  - by user70932

  Hi, I'm trying to NAT HTTP traffic, I'm new to this and facing some issues. What i'm trying to do is NAT client HTTP requests to a webserver. CLIENT - NAT BOX - WEBSERVER When the client open the IP of the NAT BOX, the request should be pass to the web server. But I'm getting "HTTP request sent, awaiting response..." and then wait serveral minutes before the request is done. Looking at the tcpdump output, it looks like the first Syn packet on (10:48:54) is being NAT but not the second, third, fourth... ACK or PSH packets, and wait until (10:52:04) it starts NAT again on the ACK packet. The iptables command I'm using is: iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp -i eth0 --dport 80 \ -j DNAT --to-destination WEBSERVER I'm wondering what could have caused this behavior? Thanks alot. 10:48:54.907861 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 49, id 16395, offset 0, flags [DF], proto: TCP (6), length: 48) CLIENT.61736 > NATBOX.http: S, cksum 0x6019 (correct), 1589600740:1589600740(0) win 5840 <mss 1460,nop,wscale 8> 10:48:54.907874 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 48, id 16395, offset 0, flags [DF], proto: TCP (6), length: 48) CLIENT.61736 > WEBSERVER.http: S, cksum 0xb5d7 (correct), 1589600740:1589600740(0) win 5840 <mss 1460,nop,wscale 8> 10:48:55.102696 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 49, id 16397, offset 0, flags [DF], proto: TCP (6), length: 40) CLIENT.61736 > NATBOX.http: ., cksum 0x2727 (correct), ack 2950613896 win 23 10:48:55.102963 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 49, id 16399, offset 0, flags [DF], proto: TCP (6), length: 160) CLIENT.61736 > NATBOX.http: P 0:120(120) ack 1 win 23 10:48:58.103078 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 49, id 16401, offset 0, flags [DF], proto: TCP (6), length: 160) CLIENT.61736 > NATBOX.http: P 0:120(120) ack 1 win 23 10:48:58.366344 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 49, id 16403, offset 0, flags [DF], proto: TCP (6), length: 40) CLIENT.61736 > NATBOX.http: ., cksum 0x26af (correct), ack 1 win 23 10:49:04.103204 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 49, id 16405, offset 0, flags [DF], proto: TCP (6), length: 160) CLIENT.61736 > NATBOX.http: P 0:120(120) ack 1 win 23 10:49:04.363943 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 49, id 16407, offset 0, flags [DF], proto: TCP (6), length: 40) CLIENT.61736 > NATBOX.http: ., cksum 0x26af (correct), ack 1 win 23 10:49:16.101583 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 49, id 16409, offset 0, flags [DF], proto: TCP (6), length: 160) CLIENT.61736 > NATBOX.http: P 0:120(120) ack 1 win 23 10:49:16.363475 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 49, id 16411, offset 0, flags [DF], proto: TCP (6), length: 40) CLIENT.61736 > NATBOX.http: ., cksum 0x26af (correct), ack 1 win 23 10:49:40.100796 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 49, id 16413, offset 0, flags [DF], proto: TCP (6), length: 160) CLIENT.61736 > NATBOX.http: P 0:120(120) ack 1 win 23 10:49:40.563898 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 49, id 16415, offset 0, flags [DF], proto: TCP (6), length: 40) CLIENT.61736 > NATBOX.http: ., cksum 0x26af (correct), ack 1 win 23 10:50:28.099396 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 49, id 16417, offset 0, flags [DF], proto: TCP (6), length: 160) CLIENT.61736 > NATBOX.http: P 0:120(120) ack 1 win 23 10:50:28.761678 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 49, id 16419, offset 0, flags [DF], proto: TCP (6), length: 40) CLIENT.61736 > NATBOX.http: ., cksum 0x26af (correct), ack 1 win 23 10:52:04.093668 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 49, id 16421, offset 0, flags [DF], proto: TCP (6), length: 160) CLIENT.61736 > NATBOX.http: P 0:120(120) ack 1 win 23 10:52:04.093678 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 48, id 16421, offset 0, flags [DF], proto: TCP (6), length: 160) CLIENT.61736 > WEBSERVER.http: P 1589600741:1589600861(120) ack 2950613896 win 23 10:52:04.291021 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 49, id 16423, offset 0, flags [DF], proto: TCP (6), length: 40) CLIENT.61736 > NATBOX.http: ., cksum 0x25d3 (correct), ack 217 win 27 10:52:04.291028 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 48, id 16423, offset 0, flags [DF], proto: TCP (6), length: 40) CLIENT.61736 > WEBSERVER.http: ., cksum 0x7b91 (correct), ack 217 win 27 10:52:04.300708 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 49, id 16425, offset 0, flags [DF], proto: TCP (6), length: 40) CLIENT.61736 > NATBOX.http: ., cksum 0x253c (correct), ack 368 win 27 10:52:04.300714 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 48, id 16425, offset 0, flags [DF], proto: TCP (6), length: 40) CLIENT.61736 > WEBSERVER.http: ., cksum 0x7afa (correct), ack 368 win 27 10:52:04.301417 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 49, id 16427, offset 0, flags [DF], proto: TCP (6), length: 40) CLIENT.61736 > NATBOX.http: F, cksum 0x253b (correct), 120:120(0) ack 368 win 27 10:52:04.301438 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 48, id 16427, offset 0, flags [DF], proto: TCP (6), length: 40) CLIENT.61736 > WEBSERVER.http: F, cksum 0x7af9 (correct), 120:120(0) ack 368 win 27 10:52:04.498875 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 49, id 16429, offset 0, flags [DF], proto: TCP (6), length: 40) CLIENT.61736 > NATBOX.http: ., cksum 0x253a (correct), ack 369 win 27 10:52:04.498881 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 48, id 16429, offset 0, flags [DF], proto: TCP (6), length: 40) CLIENT.61736 > WEBSERVER.http: ., cksum 0x7af8 (correct), ack 369 win 27

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• setting up a shared folder in linux

  - by Chris

  I'm trying to set up a folder in my home directory that will be shared with another user but for some reason it is not working this is what I've done, I have tried two different ways using ACL's and chown/chgrp etc I set up a group called say: sharedgroup and added both my user (john) and fred to it so when I run groups john john wheel sharedgroup groups fred sharedgroup fred mkdir /home/john/shared vim /home/john/shared/hello.txt (typed in some text saved it) chown -R :sharedgroup shared chmod -R o=-rwx shared ll drwxrwx--- 2 john sharedgroup 4096 Sep 9 21:14 shared ll shared -rw-rw-r-- 1 john sharedgroup 7 Sep 9 21:14 hello.txt (I also tried adding in the s permissions but that didn't help either) then when I log out of the server and log back in as fred and try these commands they fail vim /home/john/shared/hello.txt (won't allow me to write opens a blank file) cd /home/john/shared -bash: cd: /home/john/cis: Permission Denied ls /home/john/shared -ls: /home/john/shared: Permission Denied ls -lad /home/john/shared -ls: /home/john/shared: Permission Denied id fred uid=500(fred) gid=502(sharedgroup) groups=502(sharedgroup),500(fred) context=user_u:system_r:unconfined_t Any idea what I'm doing wrong??

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