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• can I disable the "(Type e to repeat macro)" message in emacs?

  - by lindes

  Hi there, So, I've finally made the plunge, and have gotten to the state where I'm quite happy to have switched from vi and vim to emacs... I've been putting stuff in my .emacs file, learning how to evaluate things (not to mention becoming familiar with movement commands), etc. etc. etc. And now I have a problem with a require line in my .emacs file (a require statement*), which bombs out when I launch emacs (and generally fails to work). So, this lead me to the following situation: In the process of trying to debug the above situation, one of the steps I did was to open the file I was trying to require, and evaluate it bit by bit, using C-M-f and C-x C-e (and later just M-x eval-buffer), which all worked fine. But along the way of the section-by-section, I got tired of typing all those, and so I recorded a keyboard macro... C-x ( C-M-f C-x C-e C-x ) and then C-x e... which gave me a message in the minibuffer (I think I'm using the right name), saying (Type e to repeat macro). Which meant I could no longer see the resultant value of the evaluation of each section of code... which, while not critical in this case, I was liking having. Which leads me to the actual question: Is there a way to disable that message, and/or to cause the minibuffer to show multiple lines at once? I know about the *Messages* buffer, and that could have helped, I'm just wondering if there's a way to either disable that message, or otherwise make it coexist with other messages. Any suggestions? Thanks! lindes * - the problem at hand, which is not really my question, is that (require 'ruby-mode/ruby-mode) fails, even though emacs is definitely and successfully (per system call tracing) opening and reading the ruby-mode.el file. I presume this is because the provide line says just 'ruby-mode. I've found a solution for this, but if anyone can point me to any "best practices", I'd appreciate it.

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• 'Forward-Compatible' Program Design

  - by Jeffrey Kern

  The majority of my questions I've asked here so far on StackOverflow have been how to implement individual concepts and techniques towards developing a software-based NES clone via the XNA environment. The small samples that I've thrown together on my PC work relatively great and everything. Except I hit a brick wall. How do I merge all of these samples together. Having proof-of-concept is amazing, except when you need it to go beyond just that. I now have samples strewn about that I'm trying to merge, some of them incomplete. And now I'm stuck with the chicken-and-the-egg situation of where I would like to incorporate these samples together, to make sure they work, but I cannot without test data. And I don't have tools to create test data, because they'd need to be based off of the individual pieces that need to be put together. In my mind, I'm having nightmares with circular reference. For my sample data, I am hoping to save it in XML and write a specification - and then make sample data by hand - but I'm too paranoid of manually creating an XML file full of incorrect data and blaming it on my code, or vice-versa. It doesn't help that the end-result of my work is graphic-oriented, which makes it interseting how a graphic on the screen can be visualized in XML Nodes. I guess, my question is this: What design patterns and disciplines exist in the coding world that address this type of concern? I've always relied on brute-force coding and restarting a project with a whole new code base in attempts to further along my goals, but I doubt that would be the best way to do so. Within my college career, the majority of my programming was to work on simple projects that came out of a book, or with a given correct data set and a verifyable result. I don't have that, as my own design documents that I am going by could be terribly wrong.

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• error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol

  - by numerical25

  I am receiving this error >GXRenderManager.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "private: static class GXRenderer * GXRenderManager::renderDevice" (?renderDevice@GXRenderManager@@0PAVGXRenderer@@A) The following is my code... GXDX.h class GXDX: public GXRenderer { public: void Render(); void StartUp(); }; GXGL.h class GXGL: public GXRenderer { public: void Render(); void StartUp(); }; GXRenderer class GXRenderer { public: virtual void Render() = 0; virtual void StartUp() = 0; }; GXRenderManager.h #ifndef GXRM #define GXRM #include <windows.h> #include "GXRenderer.h" #include "GXDX.h" #include "GXGL.h" enum GXDEVICE { DIRECTX, OPENGL }; class GXRenderManager { public: static int Ignite(GXDEVICE); private: static GXRenderer *renderDevice; }; #endif GXRenderManager.cpp #include "GXRenderManager.h" int GXRenderManager::Ignite(GXDEVICE DeviceType) { switch(DeviceType) { case DIRECTX: GXRenderManager::renderDevice = new GXDX; return 1; break; case OPENGL: GXRenderManager::renderDevice = new GXGL; return 1; break; default: return 0; } } main.cpp #include "GXRenderManager.h" int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow) { return 0; } I am not trying to get it to do anything. I am just trying to compile with no errors. I am new with all this so if anyone can give me a hand. that will be great. thanks

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• Why did instruments report a leak while its ref count did become zero

  - by bromj

  Hello guys, green hand i am. I'm using instruments, and it did a great help to me so far, but I'm confused now 'cause it report a memory leak to me while its leaked block history shows me that the ref count of that memory had finally become 0. What does it mean? It's really embarrassing that I couldn't post a image here... so I have to describe it in text. Hope it would be clear enough for you: Event Type || RefCt || Responsible Library || Responsible Caller Malloc         || 1        || MyWeather              || +[ForecastData parseSingleForecastWithXMLElement:] Autorelease||           || MyWeather              || +[ForecastData parseSingleForecastWithXMLElement:] Retain         || 2        || MyWeather              || +[ForecastData parseWithData:] Release      || 1        || Foundation              || +[NSAutoreleasePool drain:] Retain         || 2        || Foundation              || +[NSThread initWithTarget:selector:object:] Release      || 1        || Foundation              || +[NSString compare:options:] Release      || 0        || MyWeather              || +[RootViewController dealloc] Any help will be appreciated~

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• How can I suppress the vertical gridlines in a ggplot2 plot while retaining the x-axis labels?

  - by Tarek

  This is a follow-on from this question, in which I was trying to suppress the vertical gridlines. The solution, as provided by learnr, was to add scale_x_continuous(breaks = NA), but this had the side effect of also suppressing the x-axis labels, as well. I am totally happy to write the labels back in by hand, but it's not clear to me how to figure out where the labels should go. The other option is to suppress all gridlines (using opts( panel.grid.major = theme_blank()) or some such) and then drawing back in just the major horizontal gridlines. Again, the problem here is how to figure out what the breaks are in the plot to supply to geom_hline(). So, essentially, my options are: Suppress vertical gridlines and x-axis labels (using scale_x_continuous(breaks = NA) ) and add the x-axis labels back in. Suppress all gridlines (using opts( panel.grid.major = theme_blank()) ) and add the major horizontal gridlines back in using geom_hline(). Here are the two options: library(ggplot2) data <- data.frame(x = 1:10, y = c(3,5,2,5,6,2,7,6,5,4)) # suppressing vertical gridlines and x-axis labels # need to re-draw x-axis labels ggplot(data, aes(x, y)) + geom_bar(stat = 'identity') + scale_x_continuous(breaks = NA) + opts( panel.grid.major = theme_line(size = 0.5, colour = '#1391FF'), panel.grid.minor = theme_blank(), panel.background = theme_blank(), axis.ticks = theme_blank() ) # suppressing all gridlines # need to re-draw horizontal gridlines, probably with geom_hbar() ggplot(data, aes(x, y)) + geom_bar(stat = 'identity') + scale_x_continuous(breaks = NA) + opts( panel.grid.major = theme_blank(), panel.grid.minor = theme_blank(), panel.background = theme_blank(), axis.ticks = theme_blank() )

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• Java Client .class File Protection

  - by Zac

  I am in the requirements phase of building a JEE application that will most likely run on a GlassFish/JBoss backend (doesn't matter for now). I know I shouldn't be thinking about architecture at requirements time, but one can't help but start to imagine how the components would all snap together :-) Here are some hard, non-flexible requirements on the client-side: (1) The client application will be a Swing box (2) The client is free to download, but will use a subscription model (thus requiring a login mechanism with server-side authentication/authorization, etc.) (3) Yes, Java is the best platform solution for the problem at hand for reasons outside the scope of this post (4) The client-side .class files need safeguarding against decompiling That last (4th) requirement is the basis of this post. I'm not really worried about someone actually decompiling and getting at my source code: in the end, it's just Swing controls driven by some lightweight business logic. I'm worried about a scenario where someone decompiles my code, modifies it to exploit/attack the server, re-compiles, and fires it up. I've envisioned all sorts of nasty solutions, but didn't know if this was a common problem with a common solution for JEE developers. Any thoughts? Not interested in "code obfuscation" techniques! Thanks for any input!

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• Managing large binary files with git

  - by pi

  Hi there. I am looking for opinions of how to handle large binary files on which my source code (web application) is dependent. We are currently discussing several alternatives: Copy the binary files by hand. Pro: Not sure. Contra: I am strongly against this, as it increases the likelihood of errors when setting up a new site/migrating the old one. Builds up another hurdle to take. Manage them all with git. Pro: Removes the possibility to 'forget' to copy a important file Contra: Bloats the repository and decreases flexibility to manage the code-base and checkouts/clones/etc will take quite a while. Separate repositories. Pro: Checking out/cloning the source code is fast as ever, and the images are properly archived in their own repository. Contra: Removes the simpleness of having the one and only git repository on the project. Surely introduces some other things I haven't thought about. What are your experiences/thoughts regarding this? Also: Does anybody have experience with multiple git repositories and managing them in one project? Update: The files are images for a program which generates PDFs with those files in it. The files will not change very often(as in years) but are very relevant to a program. The program will not work without the files. Update2: I found a really nice screencast on using git-submodule at GitCasts.

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• Need guidelines for optimizing WebGL performance by minimizing shader changes

  - by brainjam

  I'm trying to get an idea of the practicality of WebGL for rendering large architectural interior scenes, consisting of 100K's of triangles. These triangles are distributed over many objects, and there are many materials in the scene. On the other hand, there are no moving parts. And the materials tend to be fairly simple, mostly based on texture maps. There is a lot of texture map sharing .. for example all the chairs in scene will share a common map. There is also some multitexturing - up to three textures overlaid in a material. I've been doing a little experimentation and reading, and gather that frequently switching materials during a rendering pass will slow things down. For example, a scene with 200K triangles will have significant performance differences, depending on whether there are 10 or 1000 objects, assuming that each time an object is displayed a new material is set up. So it seems that if performance is important the scene should be sorted by materials so as to minimize material switching. What I'm looking for is guidelines on how to think of the overhead of various state changes, and where do I get the biggest bang for the buck. For example, what are the relative performance costs of, say, gl.useProgram(), gl.uniformMatrix4fv(), gl.drawElements() should I try to write ubershaders to minimize shader switching? should I try to aggregate geometry to minimize the number of gl.drawElements() calls I realize that mileage may vary depending on browser, OS, and graphics hardware. And I'm also not looking for heroic measures. Just some guidelines from people who have already had some experience in making scenes fast. I'll add that while I've had some experience with fixed-pipeline OpenGL programming in the past, I'm rather new to the WebGL/OpenGL ES 2.0 way of doing things.

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• How would you code a washing machine?

  - by Dan

  Imagine I have a class that represents a simple washing machine. It can perform following operations in the following order: turn on - wash - centrifuge - turn off. I see two basic alternatives: A) I can have a class WashingMachine with methods turnOn(), wash(int minutes), centrifuge(int revs), turnOff(). The problem with this is that the interface says nothing about the correct order of operations. I can at best throw InvalidOprationException if the client tries to centrifuge before machine was turned on. B) I can let the class itself take care of correct transitions and have the single method nextOperation(). The problem with this on the other hand, is that the semantics is poor. Client will not know what will happen when he calls the nextOperation(). Imagine you implement the centrifuge button’s click event so it calls nextOperation(). User presses the centrifuge button after machine was turned on and ups! machine starts to wash. I will probably need a few properties on my class to parameterize operations, or maybe a separate Program class with washLength and centrifugeRevs fields, but that is not really the problem. Which alternative is better? Or maybe there are some other, better alternatives that I missed to describe?

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• How does an NSTextField know that it's value has changed?

  - by Brian Postow

  I have a textfield that can either be edited by hand, or set through another control. (It's a page number, so you can jump to page 16 by typing in 16, or you can page up and down with the next/prev buttons) I have the value of the text field bound to an int page variable. It seems to work correctly, when you type a page number in, it jumps, when you page up and down, the page number in the text box changes appropriately. However, at some level, when I page up and down, the text box doesn't seem to know that it's value has changed, because if I type 1 it doesn't do anything. It doesn't call the bound set-method or anything. It looks like the textfield is thinking "I'm already 1, so I don't need to do anything." Even though it was 5 because I hit next 4 times. If I type an number other than 1, it goes there. If I THEN type 1, it goes to page 1, because now it thinks it's on that other page. The problem seems to be that I'm changing the value of the textfield programatically, but some part isn't getting the message. Does this seem like a reasonable explanation? And either way, any ideas on what's causing it? thanks

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• Which version of Grady Booch's OOA/D book should I buy?

  - by jackj

  Grady Booch's "Object-Oriented Analysis and Design with Applications" is available brand new in both the 2nd edition (1993) and the 3rd edition (2007), while many used copies of both editions are available. Here are my concerns: 1) The 2nd edition uses C++: given that I just finished reading my first two C++ books (Accelerated C++ and C++ Primer) I guess practical tips can only help, so the 2nd edition is probably best (I think the 3rd edition has absolutely no code). On the other hand, the C++ books I read insist on the importance of using standard C++, whereas Booch's 2nd edition was published before the 1998 standard. 2) The 2nd edition is shorter (608 pages vs. 720) so, I guess, it will be slightly easier to get through. 3) The 3rd edition uses UML 2.0, whereas the 2nd edition is pre-UML. Some reviews say that the notation in the 2nd edition is close enough to UML, so it doesn't matter, but I don't know if I should be worrying about this or not. 4) The 2nd edition is available in good-shape used copies for considerably less than what the 3rd one goes for. Given all the above factors, do you think I should buy the 2nd or the 3rd edition? Recommendations on other books are also welcome but I would prefer it if whoever answers has read at least one of the versions of Booch's book (preferably both!). I have already bought but not read GoF and Riel's books. I also know that I should practice a lot with real-life code. Thanks.

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• Adding XOR function to bigint library

  - by Jason Gooner

  Hi, I'm using this Big Integer library for Javascript: http://www.leemon.com/crypto/BigInt.js and I need to be able to XOR two bigInts together and sadly the library doesn't include such a function. The library is relatively simple so I don't think it's a huge task, just confusing. I've been trying to hack one together but not having much luck, would be very grateful if someone could lend me a hand. This is what I've attempted (might be wrong). But im guessing the structure is going to be quite similar to some of the other functions in there. function xor(x, y) { var c, k, i; var result = new Array(0); // big int for result k=x.length>y.length ? x.length : y.length; // array length of the larger num // Make sure result is the correct array size? maybe: result = expand(result, k); // ? for (c=0, i=0; i < k; i++) { // Do some xor here } // return the bigint xor result return result; } What confuses me is I don't really understand how it stores numbers in the array blocks for the bigInt. I don't think it's a case of simply bigintC[i] = bigintA[i] ^ bigintB[i], then most other functions have some masking operation at the end that I don't understand. I would really appreciate any help getting this working. Thanks

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• Submit button not focused even though tabindex is properly set

  - by Nicsoft

  Hello, I have defined tabindex for the input fields in a form. When tabbing through the input fields the submit button is never getting the focus, some other input fields in a different form on the page gets the focus. Those are all having tabindexes higher than 3. How come? <form action="subscription.php" name="subscribe" method="post" onsubmit="return isValidEmailAndEqual()"> <p id="formlabel">E-mail</p> <input type="text" name="email1" tabindex=1> <br/> <p id="formlabel">Repeat e-mail</p> <input type="text" name="email2" tabindex=2> <br/> <input id="inputsubmit" type="submit" value="Subscribe" tabindex=3> </form> .css: input { background-color : #333; border: 1px solid #EEE; color: #EEE; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-top: 4px; padding: 1px; width : 200px; } #inputsubmit { background-color : #d7e6f1; border: 1px solid #EEE; color: #0000ff; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-top: 4px; padding: 1px; width : 200px; } #inputsubmit:hover { cursor: pointer; cursor: hand; background-color : #d7e6f1; border: 1px solid #0000ff; color: #0000ff; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-top: 4px; padding: 1px; width : 200px; } p#formlabel{ width: 100; } Thanks in advance!

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• When is a good time to start thinking about scaling?

  - by Slokun

  I've been designing a site over the past couple days, and been doing some research into different aspects of scaling a site horizontally. If things go as planned, in a few months (years?) I know I'd need to worry about scaling the site up and out, since the resources it would end up consuming would be huge. So, this got me to thinking, when is the best time to start thinking about, and designing for, scalability? If you start too early on, you could easily over complicate your design, and make it impossible to actually build. You could also get too caught up in the details, the architecture, whatever, and wind up getting nothing done. Also, if you do get it working, but the site never takes off, you may have wasted a good chunk of extra effort. On the other hand, you could be saving yourself a ton of effort down the road. Designing it from the ground up to be big would make it much easier later on to let it grow big, with very little rewriting going on. I know for what I'm working on, I've decided to make at least a few choices now on the side of scaling, but I'm not going to do a complete change of thinking to get it to scale completely. Notably, I've redesigned my database from a conventional relational design to one similar to what was suggested on the Reddit site linked below, and I'm going to give memcache a try. So, the basic question, when is a good time to start thinking or worrying about scaling, and what are some good designs, tips, etc. for when doing so? A couple of things I've been reading, for those who are interested: http://www.codinghorror.com/blog/2009/06/scaling-up-vs-scaling-out-hidden-costs.html http://highscalability.com/blog/2010/5/17/7-lessons-learned-while-building-reddit-to-270-million-page.html http://developer.yahoo.com/performance/rules.html

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• What should the standard be for ReSTful URLS?

  - by gargantaun

  Since I can't find a chuffing job, I've been reading up on ReST and creating web services. The way I've interpreted it, the future is all about creating a web service for all your data before you build the web app. Which seems like a good idea. However, there seems to be a lot of contradictory thoughts on what the best scheme is for ReSTful URLs. Some people advocate simple pretty urls http://api.myapp.com/resource/1 In addition, some people like to add the API version to the url like so http://api.myapp.com/v1/resource/1 And to make things even more confusing, some people advocate adding the content-type to get requests http://api.myapp.com/v1/resource/1.xml http://api.myapp.com/v1/resource/1.json http://api.myapp.com/v1/resource/1.txt Whereas others think the content-type should be sent in the HTTP header. Soooooooo.... That's a lot of variation, which has left me unsure of what the best URL scheme is. I personally see the merits of the most comprehensive URL that includes a version number, resource locator and content-type, but I'm new to this so I could be wrong. On the other hand, you could argue that you should do "whatever works best for you". But that doesn't really fit with the ReST mentality as far as I can tell since the aim is to have a standard. And since a lot of you people will have more experience than me with ReST, I thought I'd ask for some guidance. So, with all that in mind... What should the standard be for ReSTful URLS?

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• Python script to calculate aded combinations from a dictionary

  - by dayde

  I am trying to write a script that will take a dictionary of items, each containing properties of values from 0 - 10, and add the various elements to select which combination of items achieve the desired totals. I also need the script to do this, using only items that have the same "slot" in common. For example: item_list = { 'item_1': {'slot': 'top', 'prop_a': 2, 'prop_b': 0, 'prop_c': 2, 'prop_d': 1 }, 'item_2': {'slot': 'top', 'prop_a': 5, 'prop_b': 0, 'prop_c': 1, 'prop_d':-1 }, 'item_3': {'slot': 'top', 'prop_a': 2, 'prop_b': 5, 'prop_c': 2, 'prop_d':-2 }, 'item_4': {'slot': 'mid', 'prop_a': 5, 'prop_b': 5, 'prop_c':-5, 'prop_d': 0 }, 'item_5': {'slot': 'mid', 'prop_a':10, 'prop_b': 0, 'prop_c':-5, 'prop_d': 0 }, 'item_6': {'slot': 'mid', 'prop_a':-5, 'prop_b': 2, 'prop_c': 3, 'prop_d': 5 }, 'item_7': {'slot': 'bot', 'prop_a': 1, 'prop_b': 3, 'prop_c':-4, 'prop_d': 4 }, 'item_8': {'slot': 'bot', 'prop_a': 2, 'prop_b': 2, 'prop_c': 0, 'prop_d': 0 }, 'item_9': {'slot': 'bot', 'prop_a': 3, 'prop_b': 1, 'prop_c': 4, 'prop_d':-4 }, } The script would then need to select which combinations from the "item_list" dict that using 1 item per "slot" that would achieve a desired result when added. For example, if the desired result was: 'prop_a': 3, 'prop_b': 3, 'prop_c': 8, 'prop_d': 0, the script would select 'item_2', 'item_6', and 'item_9', along with any other combination that worked. 'item_2': {'slot': 'top', 'prop_a': 5, 'prop_b': 0, 'prop_c': 1, 'prop_d':-1 } 'item_6': {'slot': 'mid', 'prop_a':-5, 'prop_b': 2, 'prop_c': 3, 'prop_d': 5 } 'item_9': {'slot': 'bot', 'prop_a': 3, 'prop_b': 1, 'prop_c': 4, 'prop_d':-4 } 'total': 'prop_a': 3, 'prop_b': 3, 'prop_c': 8, 'prop_d': 0 Any ideas how to accomplish this? It does not need to be in python, or even a thorough script, but just an explanation on how to do this in theory would be enough for me. I have tried working out looping through every combination, but that seems to very quickly get our of hand and unmanageable. The actual script will need to do this for about 1,000 items using 20 different "slots", each with 8 properties. Thanks for the help!

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• Single intent to let user take picture OR pick image from gallery in Android

  - by Damian

  I'm developing an app for Android 2.1 upwards. I want to enable my users to select a profile picture within my app (I'm not using the contacts framework). The ideal solution would be to fire an intent that enables the user to select an image from the gallery, but if an appropriate image is not available then use the camera to take a picture (or vice-versa i.e. allow user to take picture but if they know they already have a suitable image already, let them drop into the gallery and pick said image). Currently I can do one or the other but not both. If I go directly into camera mode using MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE then there is no option to drop into the gallery. If I go directly to the gallery using Intent.ACTION_PICK then I can pick an image but if I click the camera button (in top right hand corner of gallery) then a new camera intent is fired. So, any picture that is taken is not returned directly to my application. (Sure you can press the back button to drop back into the gallery and select image from there but this is an extra unnecessary step and is not at all intuitive). So is there a way to combine both or am I going to have to offer a menu to do one or the other from within my application? Seems like it would be a common use case...surely I'm missing something?

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• Classloader issue (GWT)

  - by Banang

  I'm currently working on a gwt app, where the server uses a few third party libs. recently I discovered that one of these libs isn't being properly loaded when running my app in deployed mode, and I just can't seem to figure out what out is I'm doing wrong. In my build script I have the following classpath declaration: <path id="project.class.path"> <pathelement location="${war.dir}/WEB-INF/classes"/> <fileset dir="${war.dir}/WEB-INF/lib" includes="**/*.jar"/> </path> and in a later target I copy the jar I need to the right location: <copy todir="${war.dir}/WEB-INF/lib" file="someJar.jar" /> The project builds as it should, without any errors. The jars are copied to where the should be, and are included in the resulting war file. In development mode everything is working as it should, everything gets loaded properly and I hear no complaints. However, in the deployed version I get this thrown at me: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/apache/commons/lang/exception/NestableRuntimeException java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method) java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:621) java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:124) org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.findClassInternal(WebappClassLoader.java:2331) org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.findClass(WebappClassLoader.java:976) org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1451) org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1329) java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClassInternal(ClassLoader.java:320) my.package.server.util.SomeUtils.doSomethingFantastic(SomeUtils.java:84) Line 84 in SomeUtils is trying to instantiate a class from someJar.jar. I know very little about how the class loader for gwt works, and I sure could use a hand. Anyone got any ideas on how to solve this?

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• Should I go for Arrays or Objects in PHP in a CouchDB/Ajax app?

  - by karlthorwald

  I find myself converting between array and object all the time in PHP application that uses couchDB and Ajax. Of course I am also converting objects to JSON and back (for sometimes couchdb but mostly Ajax), but this is not so much disturbing my workflow. At the present I have php objects that are returned by the CouchDB modules I use and on the other hand I have the old habbit to return arrays like array("error"="not found","data"=$dataObj) from my functions. This leads to a mixed occurence of real php objects and nested arrays and I cast with (object) or (array) if necessary. The worst thing is that I know more or less by heart what a function returns, but not what type (array or object), so I often run into type errors. My plan is now to always cast arrays to objects before returning from a function. Of course this implies a lot of refactoring. Is this the right way to go? What about the conversion overhead? Other ideas or tips? Edit: Kenaniah's answer suggests I should go the other way, this would mean I'd cast everything to arrays. And for all the Ajax / JSON stuff and also for CouchDB I would use $myarray = json_decode($json_data,$assoc = true); //EDIT: changed to true, whcih is what I really meant Even more work to change all the CouchDB and Ajax functions but in the end I have better code.

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• Why does Tex/Latex not speed up in subsequent runs?

  - by Debilski

  I really wonder, why even recent systems of Tex/Latex do not use any caching to speed up later runs. Every time that I fix a single comma*, calling Latex costs me about the same amount of time, because it needs to load and convert every single picture file. (* I know that even changing a tiny comma could affect the whole structure but of course, a well-written cache format could see the impact of that. Also, there might be situations where 100% correctness is not needed as long as it’s fast.) Is there something in the language of Tex which makes this complicated or impossible to accomplish or is it just that in the original implementation of Tex, there was no need for this (because it would have been slow anyway on those large computers)? But then on the other hand, why doesn’t this annoy other people so much that they’ve started a fork which has some sort of caching (or transparent conversion of Tex files to a format which is faster to parse)? Is there anything I can do to speed up subsequent runs of Latex? Except from putting all the stuff into chapterXX.tex files and then commenting them out?

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• Qt and variadic functions

  - by Noah Roberts

  OK, before lecturing me on the use of C-style variadic functions in C++...everything else has turned out to require nothing short of rewriting the Qt MOC. What I'd like to know is whether or not you can have a "slot" in a Qt object that takes an arbitrary amount/type of arguments. The thing is that I really want to be able to generate Qt objects that have slots of an arbitrary signature. Since the MOC is incompatible with standard preprocessing and with templates, it's not possible to do so with either direct approach. I just came up with another idea: struct funky_base : QObject { Q_OBJECT funky_base(QObject * o = 0); public slots: virtual void the_slot(...) = 0; }; If this is possible then, because you can make a template that is a subclass of a QObject derived object so long as you don't declare new Qt stuff in it, I should be able to implement a derived templated type that takes the ... stuff and turns it into the appropriate, expected types. If it is, how would I connect to it? Would this work? connect(x, SIGNAL(someSignal(int)), y, SLOT(the_slot(...))); If nobody's tried anything this insane and doesn't know off hand, yes I'll eventually try it myself...but I am hoping someone already has existing knowledge I can tap before possibly wasting my time on it.

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• globals and locals in python exec()

  - by hawkettc

  Hi, I'm trying to run a piece of python code using exec. my_code = """ class A(object): pass print 'locals: %s' % locals() print 'A: %s' % A class B(object): a_ref = A """ global_env = {} local_env = {} my_code_AST = compile(my_code, "My Code", "exec") exec(my_code_AST, global_env, local_env) print local_env which results in the following output locals: {'A': <class 'A'>} A: <class 'A'> Traceback (most recent call last): File "python_test.py", line 16, in <module> exec(my_code_AST, global_env, local_env) File "My Code", line 8, in <module> File "My Code", line 9, in B NameError: name 'A' is not defined However, if I change the code to this - my_code = """ class A(object): pass print 'locals: %s' % locals() print 'A: %s' % A class B(A): pass """ global_env = {} local_env = {} my_code_AST = compile(my_code, "My Code", "exec") exec(my_code_AST, global_env, local_env) print local_env then it works fine - giving the following output - locals: {'A': <class 'A'>} A: <class 'A'> {'A': <class 'A'>, 'B': <class 'B'>} Clearly A is present and accessible - what's going wrong in the first piece of code? I'm using 2.6.5, cheers, Colin * UPDATE 1 * If I check the locals() inside the class - my_code = """ class A(object): pass print 'locals: %s' % locals() print 'A: %s' % A class B(object): print locals() a_ref = A """ global_env = {} local_env = {} my_code_AST = compile(my_code, "My Code", "exec") exec(my_code_AST, global_env, local_env) print local_env Then it becomes clear that locals() is not the same in both places - locals: {'A': <class 'A'>} A: <class 'A'> {'__module__': '__builtin__'} Traceback (most recent call last): File "python_test.py", line 16, in <module> exec(my_code_AST, global_env, local_env) File "My Code", line 8, in <module> File "My Code", line 10, in B NameError: name 'A' is not defined However, if I do this, there is no problem - def f(): class A(object): pass class B(object): a_ref = A f() print 'Finished OK' * UPDATE 2 * ok, so the docs here - http://docs.python.org/reference/executionmodel.html 'A class definition is an executable statement that may use and define names. These references follow the normal rules for name resolution. The namespace of the class definition becomes the attribute dictionary of the class. Names defined at the class scope are not visible in methods.' It seems to me that 'A' should be made available as a free variable within the executable statement that is the definition of B, and this happens when we call f(), but not when we use exec(). This can be more easily shown with the following - my_code = """ class A(object): pass print 'locals in body: %s' % locals() print 'A: %s' % A def f(): print 'A in f: %s' % A f() class B(object): a_ref = A """ which outputs locals in body: {'A': <class 'A'>} A: <class 'A'> Traceback (most recent call last): File "python_test.py", line 20, in <module> exec(my_code_AST, global_env, local_env) File "My Code", line 11, in <module> File "My Code", line 9, in f NameError: global name 'A' is not defined So I guess the new question is - why aren't those locals being exposed as free variables in functions and class definitions - it seems like a pretty standard closure scenario.

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• On-Demand thumbnail creation with django and nginx

  - by sharjeel

  I want to generate thumbnails of images on the fly. My site is built with django and deployed using nginx which serves all the static content and communicates with django/apache using reverse proxy. Right now, for every image in my site, I generate all required sizes of thumbnails on-hand and deliver them when required. The problem is that whenever I change the size of a thumbnail, I have to regenerate all of them (and they are tons). However now I'd like to generate the thumbnail the first time it is accessed and later on nginx would deliver the same file over n over. If I delete that thumbnail file because of lesser accesses, it should get generated automatically the next time. Thumbnails in my case also have watermarks which require some computation logic of my application so a webserver thumbnail module might not work very well. The size of the thumbnail can be embedded in the URL. So http://www.example.com/thumbnail/abc_320x240.jpg gets the 320x240 size of the thumbnail. The approach I'm looking right now is to let nginx lookup the file and if it doesn't exist, forward the query to my django application which would create the thumbnail and send either the response or a redirect string. However I'm not sure about the concurrency issues and any other issues which might pop up later. What is the appropriate way to achieve this?

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• Is there a good way to execute MySQL statements atomically via JDBC?

  - by javanix

  Suppose I have a table that contains valid data. I would like to modify this data in some way, but I'd like to make sure that if any errors occur with the modification, the table isn't changed and the method returns something to that effect. For instance, (this is kind of a dumb example, but it illustrates the point so bear with me) suppose I want to edit all the entries in a "name" column so that they are properly capitalized. For some reason, I want either ALL of the names to have proper capitalization, or NONE of them to have proper capitalization (and the starting state of the table is that NONE of them do). Is there an already-implemented way to run a batch update on the table and be assured that, if any one of the updates fails, all changes are rolled back and the table remains unchanged? I can think of a few ways to do this by hand (though suggestions are welcomed), but it'd be nice if there was some method I could use that would function this way. I looked at the java.sql.statement.executeBatch() command, but I'm not convinced by the documentation that my table wouldn't be changed if it failed in some manner.

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• Visual Studio macro to navigate to T4MVC link

  - by shannon

  I use T4MVC and I'm happy with it and want to keep it - it keeps down run time defects. Unfortunately, it makes it harder to navigate to views and content (a.k.a. Views and Links in T4MVC) though. Even using Resharper, I can't navigate to the referenced item: T4MVC and Resharper Navigation Can I get a hand building a macro to do this? Never having built a VS IDE macro before, I don't have a grasp on how to get at some things, like the internal results of the "Go To Definition" process, if that's even possible. If you aren't familiar with T4MVC, here's generally what the macro might do to help: Given the token: Links.Content.Scripts.jQuery_js in the file MyView.cshtml, '(F12) Go To Definition'. This behaves properly. Having arrived at the the related assignment: public readonly string jQuery_js = "~/Content/Scripts/jQuery.js"; in a file generated by T4MVC (which is very nice, thank you David, but we really don't ever need to see), capture the string assigned and close the file. Navigate in Solution Explorer to the PhysicalPath represented by the captured string. This process would also work for views/layouts/master-pages/partials, etc. If you provide a macro or link to a macro to do this, or have another solution, wonderful. Otherwise, hints on how to do step 3 simply in a VS macro would be especially appreciated and receive upvote from me. I'd post the macro back here as an answer when done. Thanks!

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