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• Should EC2 server self register or have admin server

  - by hortitude

  I'm creating AWS servers using chef. I am also planning on enabling auto-scaling. While we have automatic monitoring setup already (server density or nagios etc), I was also going to setup the cloud watch alarm for the status check on the server. This led me down the path of trying to decide whether to install the ec2-command-line tools on the server itself (which then requires me to install java on the servers -- despite no other need for Java in our environment) or to possible have an "admin" box that will check periodically for servers and make sure they have their alarms set. I expect this paradigm to carry over to other things we want to configure (perhaps ensuring that termination protection is setup on production servers?). Any thoughts as to why to go one direction or another?

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• Does cloud storage replicate the data over many datacenters if so it means i benefit content delive

  - by Berkay

  Let's assume that i want to use cloud storage service from one of the cloud storage provider, i got X gb structured and unstructured data and i will use this data as my contents of my interactive web page. And now i have some doubts about this point.I have many users and they are all visiting my web page from various countries.To be more specific first; does my data stored only of the Cloud Storage data center ? or Does my data replicated over many data centers of my provider? second if so; how can i benefit from content delivery network? (matching and placing users’ content nearest storage data centers)

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• added a new domain to the same ip, new domain rendering first domains wordpress blog?

  - by Blankman

  i am running a ec2 instance, and I had a wordpress blog on that server for domain#1. Today I pointed domain#2, setup the directory and nginx etc. Going to www.domain#2.com I am seeing the content for domain#1. What do I have to do so each domain is mapped correctly? I thought that was what the nginx file was for that I created for each domain?

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• How can I automatically cycle a new image in an AWS Auto Scaling Group?

  - by JustinY

  I have a web application setup with a load balancer and auto scaling group to manage scaling. The source code is in a git repository so I don't have to update the images when the code changes, but occasionally the environment changes so we create a new image. Then that image needs to be cycled into the auto scaling group. Is there a way to cycle the images automatically? Right now I schedule a scale up and scale down action which gets rid of the old instances.

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• How do I handle mysql replication in EC2 using private IPs?

  - by chris

  I am trying to set up a mysql master/slave configuration in two EC2 instances. However, every time I reboot an instance, the IP address (and hostname) changes. I could assign an Elastic IP address, but would prefer to use the internal IP address. I can't be the first person to do this, but I can't seem to find a solution. There are a lot of "getting started" guides, but none of them mention how to handle changing IP addresses. So what are the best practices to manage master/slave replication in EC2?

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• Choosing between cloud (Cloudfoundry ) and virtual servers - for developers

  - by Mike Z

  I just came across some articles on how to setup your own cloud using Cloudfoundry and Ubuntu, this got me thinking, choosing our infrastructure, if we want to use our own servers what's the advantage of cloud on virtual servers vs just using virtual servers, VPN? If we now develop for the cloud later if we need help we can quickly move on to a cloud provider, but other than that what's the advantage and disadvantage of private cloud in these areas? speed of development, testing, deployment server management security having an extra layer (cloud) will that have a hit on server performance, how big? any other advantage/disadvantage?

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• s3fs: how to force remount on errors?

  - by Alexander Gladysh

  I use s3fs 1.33 on Ubuntu 9.10. Regularily it gives me errors like this: rsync: writefd_unbuffered failed to write 4 bytes to socket [sender]: Broken pipe (32) rsync: close failed on "/mnt/s3/mybucket/filename": Software caused connection abort (103) rsync error: error in file IO (code 11) at receiver.c(731) [receiver=3.0.6] rsync: connection unexpectedly closed (86 bytes received so far) [sender] rsync error: error in rsync protocol data stream (code 12) at io.c(600) [sender=3.0.6] Any attempt to work with mounted directory after that gives this error: Transport endpoint is not connected To get rid of this, I have to remount. Is there a way to force a remount automatically?

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• Is there a way to use something similar to a capture group for apache2 server name

  - by Zipper

  I have a server that sits behind an AWS load balancer. The LB can't do automatic redirect from HTTP to HTTPs, and the LB is doing my SSL. So I need to setup apache on my servers to redirect any request on port 80 to https://FOOBAR m where FOOBAR is the domain that came in. I haven't been able to find a way of doing that so far. I'm an apache newb though. What I'm trying to do is something similar to this. I'll use regex as an example <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName (.*) Redirect / https://\1 </VirtualHost> If there's a better way to do this, please let me know. EDIT: Sorry I should have explained why this is happening. I actually have a tomcat server running my app on port 8080, and the LB points to that. From what I can tell so far my requests come in on http (which is expected), but when my app server sends redirects (for login purposes) it tries to redirect to http, instead of https. I haven't had a chance to fully investigate this, but I wanted to work around it for now by point the LB to point to the apache server, and have any port 80 requests redirect to 443. EDIT2: The other reason I'm interested in doing this, is that since the LB can't do the redirect, I need to have another redirect mechanism in place to tell the browser to go to https://FOOBAR

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• Puppet nodes cant' find master, ec2 public versus internal ip addresses and hosts files

  - by Blankman

  If I setup my hosts files such that they reference all other ec2 nodes using the internal ip addresses, will this work or do I have to use the external ip addresses? Do I need to specify anything in my security group to get internal ip addresses to work? e.g. /etc/hosts ip-10-11-12-13.internal some_node_name If I do this, can I reference some_node_name anywhere in my scripts where I would have used the ip address previously? On my puppet agent servers, I have a reference to my puppet master like: public-ip-here puppet When I reboot my puppet agent's, syslog shows they couldn't find the master with the message: getaddinfo : name or service not known I did get it to work by updating /etc/default/puppet and I added to the options: --server=public-ip-here From what I read, puppet will by default try using 'puppet', and I set this in my hosts file so why wouldn't it be picking this up?

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• What to do for a 1 million concurrent web application? [duplicate]

  - by Amit Singh

  This question already has an answer here: How do you do load testing and capacity planning for web sites? 3 answers There are few things that I would like to know here. What server configuration do I need. And if I am deploying it on EC2 how many VMs do I need and what should be their configuration. What options do I have to do a load testing for 1 million concurrent users. Any pointer to (for php) how to code or what to keep in mind for such application. This is for sure that I don't exactly know what to ask because this is my first application on this scale. But one thing is clear that this application should pass a load test of 1 million concurrent request.

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• AWS EC2 instance not pingable or available in browser

  - by Slimmons

  I've seen this questions asked other places, but now I've run through every fix proposed in other questions so I'm re asking it here, in hopes that someone will have a different solution. Problem: I have a EC2 instance, and I can ssh into it and work on it, and I have a Elastic ip set to it. I am unable to ping this machine, or log in to it using my browser. Solutions mentioned and tried: service httpd start i. response I get is "unrecognized service" ii. when I run apache2ctl -k start, it shows "httpd already running", so I'm assuming httpd is not the problem, it's just possibly named something else because of apache2, or for whatever reason. I went into EC2-Security Group- Default (which is the one I used.)-inbound, and everything there is set up correctly (I'm assuming). There it shows 80(HTTP) 0.0.0.0/0. 443(HTTPS) 0.0.0.0/0, and various other servies with their ports and 0.0.0.0/0 next to them. I also enabled a rule for enabling ICMP Request All on 0.0.0.0/0 temporarily for testing purposes I've tried disabling the iptables with "service ufw stop" Just in case I'm doing something really stupid, because I'm not all that used to connecting to web servers that I've spun up, I'm typing in the address to the machine into the url like this (assuming my ip address was ip.address). i. http:/(slash)ip.address/ ii. ip.address iii. https:/(slash)ip.address/ iv. ip.address/webFolderName/ v. http:/(slash)ip.address/webFolderName/ None of the attempts worked, and the only thing I haven't tried that i've seen is to start wireshark on the machine, and see if the requests are reaching it, and it's just ignoring them. I'm not sure I want to do that yet, since A). I'm not 100% positive how to use wireshark without the gui, since it's the only way I've ever used it (I really should get used to it in terminal, but I didn't even know you could). B). It really seems like I'm missing something simple in getting this to work. Thanks in advance for any help.

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• Cause of slow download speed on a particular EC2 instance?

  - by James

  I have a networking issue I'm trying to solve. I have two EC2 instances, same zone, same type. On one of the two EC2 instances (the 'bad' instance), the download speed is really poor (200k/s), while on the other (the 'good' instance), the download speed is fine, comfortable at 30M/s +). To clarify, I'm talking about downloading files to the EC2 instance while ssh'd into the server, e.g running wget with a large file. I've tried different files, including S3 objects and a large linux ISO from elsewhere. Running ethtool eth0 only returns 'Link detected: yes' for both. When running ifconfig, both return the same for most part, aside from how the good instance shows no error packets yet the bad instance shows many: UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:168372370 errors:5075643 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:122116480 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 Both servers are configured the same, at least were supposed to be. How can I go about diagnosing the cause for the slow download speed? Is there anything particular to EC2 instances that could cause this? Having trouble knowing where to start. Thanks for any help!

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• Passenger connection reset by peer issue

  - by user887372

  I am new to ruby on rails. I am using passenger 3.0.17 to deploy my ruby 3.2.6 project. My project is working fine but i got 500 internal error when i try to upload files on server. I checked my passenger log and found: [ pid=20654 thr=140394143790848 file=ext/nginx/HelperAgent.cpp:933 time=2012-11-01 09:29:57.82 ]: Uncaught exception in PassengerServer client thread: exception: write() failed: Connection reset by peer (104) backtrace: in 'void Client::forwardResponse(Passenger::SessionPtr&, Passenger::FileDescriptor&, const Passenger::AnalyticsLogPtr&)' (HelperAgent.cpp:705) in 'void Client::handleRequest(Passenger::FileDescriptor&)' (HelperAgent.cpp:859) in 'void Client::threadMain()' (HelperAgent.cpp:952) 2012/11/01 09:29:27 [crit] 20691#0: *431 mkdir() "/tmp/passenger-standalone.20640/proxy_temp/2" failed (2: No such file or directory) while reading upstream, client: 124.172.71.55, server: _, request: "GET /assets/jquery.js?body=1 HTTP/1.1", upstream: "passenger:unix:/passenger_helper_server:", host: "test.com:3000", referrer: "http://test.com:3000/" 2012/11/01 09:29:33 [crit] 20691#0: *435 mkdir() "/tmp/passenger-standalone.20640/proxy_temp/3" failed (2: No such file or directory) while reading upstream, client: 124.172.71.55, server: _, request: "GET /assets/background.png HTTP/1.1", upstream: "passenger:unix:/passenger_helper_server:", host: "test.com:3000", referrer: "http://test.com:3000/" [ pid=20654 thr=140394115462912 file=ext/nginx/HelperAgent.cpp:933 time=2012-11-01 09:29:33.543 ]: Uncaught exception in PassengerServer client thread: exception: write() failed: Connection reset by peer (104) backtrace: in 'void Client::forwardResponse(Passenger::SessionPtr&, Passenger::FileDescriptor&, const Passenger::AnalyticsLogPtr&)' (HelperAgent.cpp:705) in 'void Client::handleRequest(Passenger::FileDescriptor&)' (HelperAgent.cpp:859) in 'void Client::threadMain()' (HelperAgent.cpp:952) Please guide me regarding the issue. I am unable to find the reason of this peer reset and failied mkdir(). Thanks in advance

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• CloudFormation - How to start a Windows Service with cfn-init

  - by Edwin

  I'm creating a CloudFormation Stack that will install and start a service on a Windows Instance. I've figured out how to install the service, but how do I start the service using cfn-init? The examples seem to all use linux, as there is a reference to "sysvinit" How do I structure AWS::CloudFormation::Init so that cfn-init will start windows services after installing them? Do I leave in the sysvinit, replace it with something else, take it out? ps: I'm referring to how to start services by providing information to AWS::CloudFormation::Init.services. Also, It would be nice to know how "packages" work for windows. AWS's announcemnet says that packages are supported on Windows but there is no Windows specific documentation

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• rebuild yum index on aws s3

  - by Chucks

  I am trying to rebuild yum repo on aws S3 after adding new packages. Here are few commands I am trying, but it is not helping. [root@chucks ~]$ createrepo --baseurl http://rpmcopy.xxxxx.com.s3-website-us-east-1.amazonaws.com /repodata/ --update Saving Primary metadata Saving file lists metadata Saving other metadata Generating sqlite DBs Sqlite DBs complete How do I give a path from S3? /repodata/ path is not relevent I believe. All my pkgs are under bucket s3://rpmcopy.xxxxx.com/. And repodata dir is under s3://rpmcopy.xxxxx.com/repodata

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• Incorrect deployment of WSGI app to AWS using Elastic Beanstalk

  - by Dzmitry Zhaleznichenka

  cross-link to AWS forums I have developed a simple Python web service using WSGI and would like to deploy it to AWS cloud using Elastic Beanstalk. My problem is I cannot make all the options I specify in Elastic Beanstalk configuration to be correctly configured in the cloud. For deployment, I use Elastic Beanstalk CLI utility. I have run eb init command and set up the required parameters. After this, a directory named .elasticbeanstalk was created in my source tree. It has two config files that are used for deployment, namely config and optionsettings. The latter one among the other options contains the WSGI configuration that has to update /etc/httpd/conf.d/wsgi.conf at the instances. After some of my adjustments the file has the following settings: [aws:elasticbeanstalk:application:environment] DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE = PARAM1 = PARAM2 = PARAM4 = PARAM3 = PARAM5 = [aws:elasticbeanstalk:container:python] WSGIPath = handler.py NumProcesses = 2 StaticFiles = /static= NumThreads = 10 [aws:elasticbeanstalk:container:python:staticfiles] /static = static/ [aws:elasticbeanstalk:hostmanager] LogPublicationControl = false [aws:autoscaling:launchconfiguration] InstanceType = t1.micro EC2KeyName = zmicier-aws [aws:elasticbeanstalk:application] Application Healthcheck URL = [aws:autoscaling:asg] MaxSize = 10 MinSize = 1 Custom Availability Zones = [aws:elasticbeanstalk:monitoring] Automatically Terminate Unhealthy Instances = true [aws:elasticbeanstalk:sns:topics] Notification Endpoint = Notification Protocol = email It turns out that not all of these options are considered when I start the environment or update it. Thus, when I update NumThreads or NumProcesses, the respective parameters get changed in wsgi.conf as expected. But whatever I write to the WSGIPath and StaticFiles parameters, I'm not able to automatically change the respective values of wsgi.conf, they remain Alias /static /opt/python/current/app/ WSGIScriptAlias / /opt/python/current/app/application.py which drives me nuts. Moreover, when I deploy my application using git aws.push and having the following contents of .ebextensions/python.config file, neither of options I specify in it affects the deployment. option_settings: - namespace: aws:elasticbeanstalk:container:python option_name: WSGIPath value: mysite/wsgi.py - namespace: aws:elasticbeanstalk:container:python option_name: NumProcesses value: 5 - namespace: aws:elasticbeanstalk:container:python option_name: NumThreads value: 25 - namespace: aws:elasticbeanstalk:container:python:staticfiles option_name: /static/ value: app/static/ I wonder what I should do to force AWS use all the parameters I specify in the configuration, namely the WSGI Path and path to my static data.

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• Import LDIF file to external server

  - by colemanm

  As a follow-up to my previous question, which I've resolved part of, what we're trying to do now is take an exported .ldif file of the "Users" container on our OS X Server and import it into a separate OpenLDAP server on an EC2 instance. This we'll use for LDAP user authentication of other apps without having to open our internal network to LDAP traffic. The exported .ldif file thinks the DN of the "Users" container is cn=users,dc=server,dc=domain,dc=com. Is it easiest to configure the EC2 OpenLDAP server to think that it's domain is the same so the container is imported to the proper place? Or should we edit the text of the .ldif file to change the DN to match the external naming? Hopefully that makes sense... but I'm confused as to the best way to accomplish this.

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• How to persist changes to instances in the cloud.

  - by Peter NUnn

  Hi folks, I must be missing something here, but can someone clue me in on how to persist changes (such as software installs etc) on machines in the cloud (either EC2 or my own Eucalyptus cloud). I have instances running.. can attach extra disks to them etc., but every time I terminate the instance, all of my changes are lost the next time I run them. Now, this sort of makes sense in that the instances are virtual, but, there must be some way to make these changes persist. I'm just missing how its done. Thanks. Peter.

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• Running game server and webserver on EC2

  - by mazzzzz

  Hey guys, I have a webhost, and an EC2 server (to run a game server on). The problem is that I want to access/modify the EC2's files with php admin programs. I looked into a lot of options to just have the webhost communicate with the EC2 server (ssh, etc), but none of them panned out. My question is if I were to install a lightweight webserver (think lighttpd) on my EC2 server, how badly would it hurt the game server's performance? I was leaning away from this solution, even though the webserver (on the EC2 server) wouldn't get many hits (less than a 100 a day). Thanks for your thoughts, Max

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• How can I download a copy of an S3 public data set?

  - by tripleee

  i was naively assuming I could do something like s3cmd sync s3://snap-d203feb5 /var/tmp/copy but I seem to have the wrong idea of how to go about this. I cannot even get a simple thing to work; vnix$ s3cmd ls s3://snap-d203feb5 Bucket 'snap-d203feb5': ERROR: Bucket 'snap-d203feb5' does not exist I guess the identifier I have is not for a "bucket" but for a "public data set". How do I go from one to the other? Do I have to start up an EC2 instance and create a bucket for this? How? The instructions at http://docs.amazonwebservices.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/using-public-data-sets.html seem to assume I want to use the data in an EC2 instance, but in this case, I'd just like to browse a bit, at least for a start. By the by, copy/pasting the "US Snapshot ID" causes a nasty traceback from Python; they publish the ID with a weird Unicode (I presume) dash which cannot directly be copy/pasted. Is there a mistake when I copy it? And what's the significance of "US" in there? Can't I use the data outside North America??

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• Simple, manageable DNS on EC2?

  - by dkulchenko

  I'm working on a large network of servers sitting on EC2, and need a way for the servers to know about each other's locations in the cloud. I thought the simplest way would be to use DNS, because if I replace the EC2 instance, I simply update the DNS record, and the rest of the servers will know about it (with names like users.db.mysoft.com, routing.mysoft.com, cluster1.memcached.mysoft.com). I'm considering setting up a master DNS server on a micro/small instance to accommodate this. I'd preferably need something that's as simple as a key-value store (hostname - IP) into which the platform could remotely add/remove entries. Can I do this with BIND? Or is there a better solution?

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• Running dnsmasq as an authoritative DNS server

  - by Lord Loh.

  I am trying to implement a dynamic dns service for my computers. I have pointed h.lohray.com to my EC2 instance in the NS record of lohray.com and have installed dnsmasq on that system and have made sure to unblock the firewall port. For now, I have statistically added an entry on my /etc/hosts file. 129.118.19.163 i7.h.lohray.com however, i7.h.lohray.com does not resolve correctly with nslookup or dig :-( This is the only time I could have this resolved (online nslookup) - 50.19.103.190 is the IP address of the EC2 instance where dnsmasq is running. Where could I have gone wrong?

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• possible UDP attack on BIND?

  - by Waleed Hamra

  hello everyone, i was surprised last month when my EC2 instance (ubuntu precise server), that is supposed to be under the free tier still, accumulated lots of traffic... today, while checking my current billing statement, i noticed i already have tons of traffic, while still in the middle of the month, and i'm fearing what my bill by the end of the month is going to be... i installed bandwidthd, and after few minutes, i noticed lots of UDP traffic to "108.162.233.15". this is apparently a cloudflare IP, and i don't have anything using cloudflare (as far as i know). so i ran "iftop" to see what ports are being used, and i saw the UDP traffic coming from port 80 to my port 53... why would a webserver query dns? so i stopped bind on my server, and ran it in foreground debugging mode, and saw the following query, being repeated continuously: 17-Nov-2012 12:30:58.216 client 108.162.233.15#80: UDP request 17-Nov-2012 12:30:58.216 client 108.162.233.15#80: request is not signed 17-Nov-2012 12:30:58.216 client 108.162.233.15#80: recursion available 17-Nov-2012 12:30:58.216 client 108.162.233.15#80: query 17-Nov-2012 12:30:58.216 client 108.162.233.15#80: query (cache) 'isc.org/ANY/IN' approved 17-Nov-2012 12:30:58.216 client 108.162.233.15#80: send 17-Nov-2012 12:30:58.216 client 108.162.233.15#80: sendto 17-Nov-2012 12:30:58.216 client 108.162.233.15#80: senddone 17-Nov-2012 12:30:58.217 client 108.162.233.15#80: next 17-Nov-2012 12:30:58.217 client 108.162.233.15#80: endrequest 17-Nov-2012 12:30:58.217 client @0x7fbee05126e0: udprecv 17-Nov-2012 12:30:58.343 client 108.162.233.15#80: UDP request 17-Nov-2012 12:30:58.343 client 108.162.233.15#80: request is not signed 17-Nov-2012 12:30:58.343 client 108.162.233.15#80: recursion available 17-Nov-2012 12:30:58.343 client 108.162.233.15#80: query 17-Nov-2012 12:30:58.343 client 108.162.233.15#80: query (cache) 'isc.org/ANY/IN' approved 17-Nov-2012 12:30:58.343 client 108.162.233.15#80: send 17-Nov-2012 12:30:58.344 client 108.162.233.15#80: sendto 17-Nov-2012 12:30:58.344 client 108.162.233.15#80: senddone 17-Nov-2012 12:30:58.344 client 108.162.233.15#80: next 17-Nov-2012 12:30:58.344 client 108.162.233.15#80: endrequest my question is... is this normal? should i be worried? or is this completely irrelevant to my data charges, and i should wait to see more data from bandwidthd? thank you in advance.

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• Mount /tmp in /mnt on EC2

  - by Claudio Poli

  I was wondering what is the best way to mount the /tmp endpoint in the ephemeral storage /mnt on an EC2 instance and give the ubuntu user default write permissions. Some suggest editing /etc/rc.local this way: mkdir -p /mnt/tmp && mount --bind -o nobootwait /mnt/tmp /tmp However that doesn't work for me. I tried editing the fstab: /dev/xvdb /tmp auto defaults,nobootwait,comment=cloudconfig 0 2 and giving it a umask=0777, however it doesn't work because of cloudconfig. I'm using Ubuntu 12.04.

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• Which EC2 instance best for Chef server?

  - by hakunin

  I want to setup chef server as cheaply as possible, while leaving it enough room to run without crashing. The only article I found on the subject warned that RabbitMQ would crash on a micro instance due to insufficient memory. The question is: what's the cheapest EC2 instance that can run chef server reliably, considering that I don't use CouchDB or RabbitMQ for anything else in my app, so would probably have to set them up exclusively for chef server on that same instance.

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