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• no launcher, no dash, no unity, how to get back to my desktop?

  - by Numan Syed

  FYI, I have tried these, but none worked as of yet! Please help! I must not want to reinstall Ubuntu precise: AskUbuntu:Unity Launcher missing AskUbuntu: Unity doesn't load Youtube:Restore missing launcher AskUbuntu:Unity 3D no longer works! Is there any other way to find a solution, any help is highly appreciated! Please do ask for any further info u may need to point me to a better direction. Edit: I have still the opportunity to use ctrl+Alt+T for the terminal. And from there I used firefox & to get the browser on. Edit 2: Tried to find more; found more explained situation http://askubuntu.com/q/260578/176470. Edit 3:@Adithya: tried that no luck! Here is what my terminal gave me so far... [1447:22] (~) bash $ unity --reset WARNING: Unity currently default profile, so switching to metacity while resetting the values unity-panel-service: no process found Checking if settings need to be migrated ...no Checking if internal files need to be migrated ...no Backend : gconf Integration : true Profile : unity Adding plugins Initializing core options...done compiz (core) - Warn: failed to receive ConfigureNotify event on 0x1600004 compiz (core) - Warn: failed to receive ConfigureNotify event on 0x30000b8 compiz (core) - Warn: failed to receive ConfigureNotify event on 0x2c00fc1 Initializing composite options...done Initializing opengl options...done Initializing decor options...done Initializing vpswitch options...done Initializing snap options...done Initializing mousepoll options...done Initializing resize options...done Initializing place options...done Initializing move options...done Initializing wall options...done Initializing grid options...done Initializing session options...done Initializing gnomecompat options...done Initializing animation options...done Initializing fade options...done compiz (core) - Error: Couldn't load plugin '/usr/lib/compiz/libunitymtgrabhandles.so' : /usr/lib/compiz/libunitymtgrabhandles.so: undefined symbol: _ZN10CompOption7setNameEPKcNS_4TypeE compiz (core) - Error: Couldn't load plugin 'unitymtgrabhandles' Initializing workarounds options...done Initializing scale options...done compiz (expo) - Warn: failed to bind image to texture Initializing expo options...done Initializing ezoom options...done compiz (core) - Error: Couldn't load plugin '/usr/lib/compiz/libunityshell.so' : /usr/lib/compiz/libunityshell.so: undefined symbol: _ZN10CompOption7setNameEPKcNS_4TypeE compiz (core) - Error: Couldn't load plugin 'unityshell' compiz (core) - Warn: unhandled ConfigureNotify on 0xc000a0! compiz (core) - Warn: this should never happen. you should probably file a bug about this. compiz (core) - Warn: unhandled ConfigureNotify on 0xc000a3! compiz (core) - Warn: this should never happen. you should probably file a bug about this. compiz (core) - Warn: unhandled ConfigureNotify on 0xc000a6! compiz (core) - Warn: this should never happen. you should probably file a bug about this. Initializing addhelper options...done Initializing animationaddon options...done Initializing annotate options...done Initializing bench options...done Initializing blur options...done Initializing clone options...done Initializing colorfilter options...done Initializing commands options...done Initializing crashhandler options...done Initializing cube options...done Initializing cubeaddon options...done Initializing extrawm options...done Initializing fadedesktop options...done Initializing firepaint options...done Initializing group options...done Initializing imgjpeg options...done Initializing kdecompat options...done Initializing loginout options...done Initializing mag options...done Initializing maximumize options...done Initializing mblur options...done Initializing neg options...done Initializing notification options...done Initializing obs options...done Initializing opacify options...done Initializing put options...done Initializing reflex options...done Initializing resizeinfo options...done Initializing ring options...done Initializing rotate options...done Initializing scaleaddon options...done Initializing scalefilter options...done Initializing screenshot options...done Initializing shelf options...done Initializing shift options...done Initializing showdesktop options...done Initializing showmouse options...done Initializing splash options...done Initializing staticswitcher options...done Initializing switcher options...done Initializing td options...done Initializing thumbnail options...done Initializing trailfocus options...done Initializing unitymtgrabhandles options...done Initializing unityshell options...done Initializing wallpaper options...done Initializing water options...done Initializing widget options...done Initializing winrules options...done Initializing wobbly options...done Setting Update "main_menu_key" Setting Update "run_key" Anything suspicious herein?

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• User interfirance, themes, Broken, Unreadable parts

  - by Adames

  Arther going on a customizing spree my the desktop themes on unity got messed up I had installed Ubuntu tweak and unsettings so I removed them but the default themes and custom ones are still messed up I ran unity --reset and this is what I get: WARNING: Unity currently default profile, so switching to metacity while resetting the values unity-panel-service: no process found Checking if settings need to be migrated ...no Checking if internal files need to be migrated ...no Backend : gconf Integration : true Profile : unity Adding plugins Initializing core options...done compiz (core) - Warn: failed to receive ConfigureNotify event on 0x1200004 compiz (core) - Warn: failed to receive ConfigureNotify event on 0x38000af compiz (core) - Warn: failed to receive ConfigureNotify event on 0x32000ad Initializing composite options...done Initializing opengl options...done Initializing decor options...done Initializing vpswitch options...done Initializing snap options...done Initializing mousepoll options...done Initializing resize options...done Initializing place options...done Initializing move options...done Initializing wall options...done Initializing grid options...done Initializing session options...done Initializing gnomecompat options...done Initializing animation options...done Initializing fade options...done Initializing unitymtgrabhandles options...done Initializing workarounds options...done Initializing scale options...done compiz (expo) - Warn: failed to bind image to texture Initializing expo options...done Initializing ezoom options...done (compiz:4749): GConf-CRITICAL **: gconf_client_add_dir: assertion `gconf_valid_key (dirname, NULL)' failed Initializing unityshell options...done compiz (core) - Warn: unhandled ConfigureNotify on 0xc0009e! compiz (core) - Warn: this should never happen. you should probably file a bug about this. compiz (core) - Warn: unhandled ConfigureNotify on 0xc000a1! compiz (core) - Warn: this should never happen. you should probably file a bug about this. compiz (core) - Warn: unhandled ConfigureNotify on 0xc000a1! compiz (core) - Warn: this should never happen. you should probably file a bug about this. compiz (core) - Warn: unhandled ConfigureNotify on 0xc000a4! compiz (core) - Warn: this should never happen. you should probably file a bug about this. WARN 2012-07-02 19:51:42 unity.libindicator <unknown>:0 Desktop file '/usr/share/applications/google-chrome.desktop' is using a deprecated format for its actions that will be dropped soon. WARN 2012-07-02 19:51:42 unity.libindicator <unknown>:0 Desktop file '/usr/share/applications/firefox.desktop' is using a deprecated format for its actions that will be dropped soon. WARN 2012-07-02 19:51:42 unity.libindicator <unknown>:0 Desktop file '/usr/share/applications/libreoffice-writer.desktop' is using a deprecated format for its actions that will be dropped soon. WARN 2012-07-02 19:51:42 unity.libindicator <unknown>:0 Desktop file '/usr/share/applications/libreoffice-calc.desktop' is using a deprecated format for its actions that will be dropped soon. WARN 2012-07-02 19:51:42 unity.libindicator <unknown>:0 Desktop file '/usr/share/applications/libreoffice-impress.desktop' is using a deprecated format for its actions that will be dropped soon. Initializing addhelper options...done Initializing animationaddon options...done Initializing annotate options...done Initializing bench options...done Initializing blur options...done Initializing clone options...done Initializing colorfilter options...done Initializing commands options...done Initializing crashhandler options...done Initializing cube options...done Initializing cubeaddon options...done Initializing extrawm options...done Initializing fadedesktop options...done Initializing firepaint options...done Initializing group options...done Initializing imgjpeg options...done Initializing kdecompat options...done Initializing loginout options...done Initializing mag options...done Initializing maximumize options...done Initializing mblur options...done Initializing neg options...done Initializing notification options...done Initializing obs options...done Initializing opacify options...done Initializing put options...done Initializing reflex options...done Initializing resizeinfo options...done Initializing ring options...done Initializing rotate options...done Initializing scaleaddon options...done Initializing scalefilter options...done Initializing screenshot options...done Initializing shelf options...done Initializing shift options...done Initializing showdesktop options...done Initializing showmouse options...done Initializing splash options...done Initializing staticswitcher options...done Initializing switcher options...done Initializing td options...done Initializing thumbnail options...done Initializing trailfocus options...done Initializing wallpaper options...done Initializing water options...done Initializing widget options...done Initializing winrules options...done Initializing wobbly options...done ERROR 2012-07-02 19:51:43 unity.glib-gobject <unknown>:0 g_object_unref: assertion `G_IS_OBJECT (object)' failed Setting Update "main_menu_key" Setting Update "run_key" Setting Update "autoraise" Setting Update "autoraise_delay" Any Ideas? this is very inconvenient some of the text like in additional drivers are unreadable because they come out White

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• Abstracting entity caching in XNA

  - by Grofit

  I am in a situation where I am writing a framework in XNA and there will be quite a lot of static (ish) content which wont render that often. Now I am trying to take the same sort of approach I would use when doing non game development, where I don't even think about caching until I have finished my application and realise there is a performance problem and then implement a layer of caching over whatever needs it, but wrap it up so nothing is aware its happening. However in XNA the way we would usually cache would be drawing our objects to a texture and invalidating after a change occurs. So if you assume an interface like so: public interface IGameComponent { void Update(TimeSpan elapsedTime); void Render(GraphicsDevice graphicsDevice); } public class ContainerComponent : IGameComponent { public IList<IGameComponent> ChildComponents { get; private set; } // Assume constructor public void Update(TimeSpan elapsedTime) { // Update anything that needs it } public void Render(GraphicsDevice graphicsDevice) { foreach(var component in ChildComponents) { // draw every component } } } Then I was under the assumption that we just draw everything directly to the screen, then when performance becomes an issue we just add a new implementation of the above like so: public class CacheableContainerComponent : IGameComponent { private Texture2D cachedOutput; private bool hasChanged; public IList<IGameComponent> ChildComponents { get; private set; } // Assume constructor public void Update(TimeSpan elapsedTime) { // Update anything that needs it // set hasChanged to true if required } public void Render(GraphicsDevice graphicsDevice) { if(hasChanged) { CacheComponents(graphicsDevice); } // Draw cached output } private void CacheComponents(GraphicsDevice graphicsDevice) { // Clean up existing cache if needed var cachedOutput = new RenderTarget2D(...); graphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(renderTarget); foreach(var component in ChildComponents) { // draw every component } graphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(null); } } Now in this example you could inherit, but your Update may become a bit tricky then without changing your base class to alert you if you had changed, but it is up to each scenario to choose if its inheritance/implementation or composition. Also the above implementation will re-cache within the rendering cycle, which may cause performance stutters but its just an example of the scenario... Ignoring those facts as you can see that in this example you could use a cache-able component or a non cache-able one, the rest of the framework needs not know. The problem here is that if lets say this component is drawn mid way through the game rendering, other items will already be within the default drawing buffer, so me doing this would discard them, unless I set it to be persisted, which I hear is a big no no on the Xbox. So is there a way to have my cake and eat it here? One simple solution to this is make an ICacheable interface which exposes a cache method, but then to make any use of this interface you would need the rest of the framework to be cache aware, and check if it can cache, and to then do so. Which then means you are polluting and changing your main implementations to account for and deal with this cache... I am also employing Dependency Injection for alot of high level components so these new cache-able objects would be spat out from that, meaning no where in the actual game would they know they are caching... if that makes sense. Just incase anyone asked how I expected to keep it cache aware when I would need to new up a cachable entity.

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• OpenGl / C++ and some strange light problem on half board

  - by mlodziaszka

  I have some problem with lights in my opengl "game". I have board with is square (-50,50), (50, 50), (50, -50), (-50,-50) x and z since y doesn't matter at all. I tried to make something like flashlight its moving and rotating with camera (me), but when i try to rotate more then 90 degree to left or right it just give diffrend light: http://imageshack.us/photo/my-images/688/lightij.jpg/ (left is spotlight, right point light) There is also a point light in the middle, but its working strange(not like a pointlight) it shines only on half of the board from (-50,50), (50, 50), (50, 0), (-50,-0) x and y: Link to my repo where u can find game exe in download and full code in source: https://bitbucket.org/mlodziaszka/my_game All more fragments of light: float gl_amb[] = { 0.2f, 0.2f, 0.2f, 1.0f }; glLightModelfv(GL_LIGHT_MODEL_AMBIENT, gl_amb); glEnable(GL_LIGHTING); // Wlaczenie oswietlenia glShadeModel(GL_SMOOTH); // Wybor techniki cieniowania glEnable(GL_LIGHT0); // Wlaczenie 0-go zrodla swiatla glEnable(GL_LIGHT1); Cubes parametri: float m1_amb[] = { 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f }; float m1_dif[] = { 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f }; float m1_spe[] = { 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f }; glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_AMBIENT, m1_amb); glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_DIFFUSE, m1_dif); glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_SPECULAR, m1_spe); glMaterialf(GL_FRONT, GL_SHININESS, 50.0f); Texture parametri: float m1_amb[] = { 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f }; float m1_dif[] = { 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f }; float m1_spe[] = { 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f }; glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_AMBIENT, m1_amb); glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_DIFFUSE, m1_dif); glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_SPECULAR, m1_spe); glMaterialf(GL_FRONT, GL_SHININESS, 0.0f); glTexEnvf( GL_TEXTURE_ENV, GL_TEXTURE_ENV_MODE, GL_MODULATE ); Light0: //with some magic sn't working anyway float l0_amb[] = { 0.2f, 0.2f, 0.2f, 1.0f }; float l0_dif[] = { 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f }; float l0_spe[] = { 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f }; float l0_pos[] = { g_Camera.m_vPosition.x, g_Camera.m_vPosition.y, g_Camera.m_vPosition.z, 1.0f }; float temp = 0.0f, temp2 = 0.0f, temp3 = 0.0f; if(g_Camera.m_vView.z < g_Camera.m_vPosition.z) { temp = g_Camera.m_vView.x - g_Camera.m_vPosition.x; temp2 = g_Camera.m_vView.z - g_Camera.m_vPosition.z; } else { temp = g_Camera.m_vView.x - g_Camera.m_vPosition.x; temp2 = g_Camera.m_vView.z - g_Camera.m_vPosition.z; } float l0_pos1[] = {temp, 0.0f, temp2}; //float l0_pos1[] = {-1.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f}; glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_AMBIENT, l0_amb); glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_DIFFUSE, l0_dif); glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_SPECULAR, l0_spe); glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_POSITION, l0_pos); glLightf (GL_LIGHT0, GL_SPOT_CUTOFF, 15.0f); glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_SPOT_DIRECTION, l0_pos1); Light1: float l1_amb[] = { 0.2f, 0.2f, 0.2f, 1.0f }; float l1_dif[] = { 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f }; float l1_spe[] = { 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f }; float l1_pos[] = { 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f }; glLightfv(GL_LIGHT1, GL_AMBIENT, l1_amb); glLightfv(GL_LIGHT1, GL_DIFFUSE, l1_dif); glLightfv(GL_LIGHT1, GL_SPECULAR, l1_spe); glLightfv(GL_LIGHT1, GL_POSITION, l1_pos); I know that way I made this very old, but for now i want to keep this like that. I wouldbe realy gratefull if someone can tell me what is wrong with my lights xD full code: link up ^^

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• Problem with boundary collision

  - by James Century

  The problem: When the player hits the left boundary he stops (this is exactly what I want), when he hits the right boundary. He continues until his rectangle's left boundary meets with the right boundary. Outcome: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yuJfIWZ_LL0&feature=youtu.be My Code public class Player extends GameObject{ BufferedImageLoader loader; Texture tex = Game.getInstance(); BufferedImage image; Animation playerWalkLeft; private HealthBarManager healthBar; private String username; private int width; private ManaBarManager manaBar; public Player(float x, float y, ObjectID ID) { super(x, y, ID, null); loader = new BufferedImageLoader(); playerWalkLeft = new Animation(5,tex.player[10],tex.player[11],tex.player[12],tex.player[13],tex.player[14],tex.player[15],tex.player[17],tex.player[18]); } public void tick(LinkedList<GameObject> object) { setX(getX()+velX); setY(getY()+velY); playerWalkLeft.runAnimation(); } public void render(Graphics g) { g.setColor(Color.BLACK); FontMetrics fm = g.getFontMetrics(g.getFont()); if(username != null) width = fm.stringWidth(username); if(username != null){ g.drawString(username,(int) x-width/2+15,(int) y); } if(velX != 0){ playerWalkLeft.drawAnimation(g, (int)x, (int)y); }else{ g.drawImage(tex.player[16], (int)x, (int)y, null); } g.setColor(Color.PINK); g.drawRect((int)x,(int)y,33,48); g.drawRect(0,0,(int)Game.getWalkableBounds().getWidth(), (int)Game.getWalkableBounds().getHeight()); } @SuppressWarnings("unused") private Image getCurrentImage() { return image; } public float getX() { return x; } public float getY() { return y; } public void setX(float x) { Rectangle gameBoundry = Game.getWalkableBounds(); if(x >= gameBoundry.getMinX() && x <= gameBoundry.getMaxX()){ this.x = x; } } public void setY(float y) { //IGNORE THE SetY please. this.y = y; } public float getVelX() { return velX; } public void setHealthBar(HealthBarManager healthBar){ this.healthBar = healthBar; } public HealthBarManager getHealthBar(){ return healthBar; } public float getVelY() { return velY; } public void setVelX(float velX) { this.velX = velX; } public void setVelY(float velY) { this.velY = velY; } public ObjectID getID() { return ID; } public void setUsername(String playerName) { this.username = playerName; } public String getUsername(){ return this.username; } public void setManaBar(ManaBarManager manaBar) { this.manaBar = manaBar; } public ManaBarManager getManaBar(){ return manaBar; } public int getLevel(){ return 1; } public boolean isPlayerInsideBoundry(float x, float y){ Rectangle boundry = Game.getWalkableBounds(); if(boundry.contains(x,y)){ return true; } return false; } } What I've tried: - Using a method that checks if the game boundary contains player boundary rectangle. This gave me the same result as what the check statement in my setX did.

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• Problem with sprite direction and rotation

  - by user2236165

  I have a sprite called Tool that moves with a speed represented as a float and in a direction represented as a Vector2. When I click the mouse on the screen the sprite change its direction and starts to move towards the mouseclick. In addition to that I rotate the sprite so that it is facing in the direction it is heading. However, when I add a camera that is suppose to follow the sprite so that the sprite is always centered on the screen, the sprite won't move in the given direction and the rotation isn't accurate anymore. This only happens when I add the Camera.View in the spriteBatch.Begin(). I was hoping anyone could maybe shed a light on what I am missing in my code, that would be highly appreciated. Here is the camera class i use: public class Camera { private const float zoomUpperLimit = 1.5f; private const float zoomLowerLimit = 0.1f; private float _zoom; private Vector2 _pos; private int ViewportWidth, ViewportHeight; #region Properties public float Zoom { get { return _zoom; } set { _zoom = value; if (_zoom < zoomLowerLimit) _zoom = zoomLowerLimit; if (_zoom > zoomUpperLimit) _zoom = zoomUpperLimit; } } public Rectangle Viewport { get { int width = (int)((ViewportWidth / _zoom)); int height = (int)((ViewportHeight / _zoom)); return new Rectangle((int)(_pos.X - width / 2), (int)(_pos.Y - height / 2), width, height); } } public void Move(Vector2 amount) { _pos += amount; } public Vector2 Position { get { return _pos; } set { _pos = value; } } public Matrix View { get { return Matrix.CreateTranslation(new Vector3(-_pos.X, -_pos.Y, 0)) * Matrix.CreateScale(new Vector3(Zoom, Zoom, 1)) * Matrix.CreateTranslation(new Vector3(ViewportWidth * 0.5f, ViewportHeight * 0.5f, 0)); } } #endregion public Camera(Viewport viewport, float initialZoom) { _zoom = initialZoom; _pos = Vector2.Zero; ViewportWidth = viewport.Width; ViewportHeight = viewport.Height; } } And here is my Update and Draw-method: protected override void Update (GameTime gameTime) { float elapsed = (float)gameTime.ElapsedGameTime.TotalSeconds; TouchCollection touchCollection = TouchPanel.GetState (); foreach (TouchLocation tl in touchCollection) { if (tl.State == TouchLocationState.Pressed || tl.State == TouchLocationState.Moved) { //direction the tool shall move towards direction = touchCollection [0].Position - toolPos; if (direction != Vector2.Zero) { direction.Normalize (); } //change the direction the tool is moving and find the rotationangle the texture must rotate to point in given direction toolPos += (direction * speed * elapsed); RotationAngle = (float)Math.Atan2 (direction.Y, direction.X); } } if (direction != Vector2.Zero) { direction.Normalize (); } //move tool in given direction toolPos += (direction * speed * elapsed); //change cameracentre to the tools position Camera.Position = toolPos; base.Update (gameTime); } protected override void Draw (GameTime gameTime) { graphics.GraphicsDevice.Clear (Color.Blue); spriteBatch.Begin (SpriteSortMode.BackToFront, BlendState.AlphaBlend, null, null, null, null, Camera.View); spriteBatch.Draw (tool, new Vector2 (toolPos.X, toolPos.Y), null, Color.White, RotationAngle, originOfToolTexture, 1, SpriteEffects.None, 1); spriteBatch.End (); base.Draw (gameTime); }

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• UIImagePicker on full screen on iPad

  - by Archip

  For my tests, I need to create a simple app on the iPad to step 1. loads an image from the Photo library (UIImagePickerController). step 2. Then, this image is converted into texture and displayed into an OpenGL ES view. I started to define the app with the XCode Open GL ES template. Step 2 is Okay. But I have a problem launching the UIImagePickerController (step 1). On iPad, to create a UIImagePickerController, we need to use a UIPopoverController. But to create a UIPopover, we need to attach it to a content view controller In my app, I dont want to define a specific view controller (Navigation or SplitView or TabBar...). I just need to have the UIImagePicker displayed on full screen when launching the app. I am looking for a programatical solution with a minimum of lines of code added from the Open GL ES iPad template, to perform step 1 (step 2 is okay for me). any code available? Thank you for your help Seb

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• Why does Adding Core Animation slow down drawing of my NSTableView?

  - by Will Goring

  I have a simple App that displays a list of items using NSTableView. There are usually about 15-25 items in the list, and the table has 10 columns, all but one of which are text (the other's an icon.) There are simple data transformers on a couple of the columns. So nothing taxing; you'd expect it to run just fine. And as it stands, it is; the app is responsive and everything draws pretty much instantly. Scrolling, changing column sizes, resizing the window; whatever you do the redraws keep up with the mouse-pointer. Tonight, I thought I'd try adding a little visual flair to the app with Core Animation (which I've never used before,) but I've found that if anything above the NSTableView in the hierarchy is set 'Wants Core Animation Layer,' then the NSTableView redraws go to hell. Scrolling is usually fine, but resizing columns or the window causes it to pick up an effect like texture tearing, where some of the rows have the new size, and some have the old one, and everything flickers horribly. It looks terrible. Basically it looks like what you'd expect if rendering the individual rows or columns was taking a long time. I've put it through Shark and, sure enough, it looks like it's spending most of its time drawing the text in the cells; what I don't understand is why that should take longer when there's a Core Animation layer involved than when there isn't - and quite noticeably longer at that. Has anyone got any ideas? Is there any Core Animation initialisation or config I've missed or something (I've literally just ticked the "Wants Core Animation Layer" box in IB)? Cheers, Will

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• iPod/iPhone OpenGL ES UIView flashes when updating

  - by Dave Viner

  I have a simple iPhone application which uses OpenGL ES (v1) to draw a line based on the touches of the user. In the XCode Simulator, the code works perfectly. However, when I install the app onto an iPod or iPhone, the OpenGL ES view "flashes" when drawing the line. If I disable the line drawing, the flash disappears. By "flash", I mean that the background image (which is an OpenGL texture) disappears momentarily, and then reappears. It appears as if the entire scene is completely erased and redrawn. The code which handles the line drawing is the following: renderLineFromPoint:(CGPoint)start toPoint:(CGPoint)end { static GLfloat* vertexBuffer = NULL; static NSUInteger vertexMax = 64; NSUInteger vertexCount = 0, count, i; //Allocate vertex array buffer if(vertexBuffer == NULL) vertexBuffer = malloc(vertexMax * 2 * sizeof(GLfloat)); //Add points to the buffer so there are drawing points every X pixels count = MAX(ceilf(sqrtf((end.x - start.x) * (end.x - start.x) + (end.y - start.y) * (end.y - start.y)) / kBrushPixelStep), 1); for(i = 0; i < count; ++i) { if(vertexCount == vertexMax) { vertexMax = 2 * vertexMax; vertexBuffer = realloc(vertexBuffer, vertexMax * 2 * sizeof(GLfloat)); } vertexBuffer[2 * vertexCount + 0] = start.x + (end.x - start.x) * ((GLfloat)i / (GLfloat)count); vertexBuffer[2 * vertexCount + 1] = start.y + (end.y - start.y) * ((GLfloat)i / (GLfloat)count); vertexCount += 1; } //Render the vertex array glVertexPointer(2, GL_FLOAT, 0, vertexBuffer); glDrawArrays(GL_POINTS, 0, vertexCount); //Display the buffer [context presentRenderbuffer:GL_RENDERBUFFER_OES]; } (This function is based on the function of the same name from the GLPaint sample application.) For the life of me, I can not figure out why this causes the screen to flash. The line is drawn properly (both in the Simulator and in the iPod). But, the flash makes it unusable. Anyone have ideas on how to prevent the "flash"?

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• iPhone openGLES performance tuning

  - by genesys

  Hey there! I'm trying now for quite a while to optimize the framerate of my game without really making progress. I'm running on the newest iPhone SDK and have a iPhone 3G 3.1.2 device. I invoke arround 150 drawcalls, rendering about 1900 Triangles in total (all objects are textured using two texturelayers and multitexturing. most textures come from the same textureAtlasTexture stored in pvrtc 2bpp compressed texture). This renders on my phone at arround 30 fps, which appears to me to be way too low for only 1900 triangles. I tried many things to optimize the performance, including batching together the objects, transforming the vertices on the CPU and rendering them in a single drawcall. this yelds 8 drawcalls (as oposed to 150 drawcalls), but performance is about the same (fps drop to arround 26fps) I'm using 32byte vertices stored in an interleaved array (12bytes position, 12bytes normals, 8bytes uv). I'm rendering triangleLists and the vertices are ordered in TriStrip order. I did some profiling but I don't really know how to interprete it. instruments-sampling using Instruments and Sampling yelds this result: http://neo.cycovery.com/instruments_sampling.gif telling me that a lot of time is spent in "mach_msg_trap". I googled for it and it seems this function is called in order to wait for some other things. But wait for what?? instruments-openGL instruments with the openGL module yelds this result: http://neo.cycovery.com/intstruments_openglES_debug.gif but here i have really no idea what those numbers are telling me shark profiling: profiling with shark didn't tell me much either: http://neo.cycovery.com/shark_profile_release.gif the largest number is 10%, spent by DrawTriangles - and the whole rest is spent in very small percentage functions Can anyone tell me what else I could do in order to figure out the bottleneck and could help me to interprete those profiling information? Thanks a lot!

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• OpenGL-ES: Change (multiply) color when using color arrays?

  - by arberg

  Following the ideas in OpenGL ES iPhone - drawing anti aliased lines, I am trying to draw stroked anti-aliased lines and I am successful so far. After line is draw by the finger, I wish to fade the path, that is I need to change the opacity (color) of the entire path. I have computed a large array of vertex positions, vertex colors, texture coordinates, and indices and then I give these to opengl but I would like reduce the opacity of all the drawn triangles without having to change each of the color coordinates. Normally I would use glColor4f(r,g,b,a) before calling drawElements, but it has no effect due to the color array. I am working on Android, but I believe it shouldn't make the big difference, as long as it is OpenGL-ES 1.1 (or 1.0). I have the following code : gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_BLEND); gl.glBlendFunc(GL10.GL_ONE, GL10.GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA); gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_COLOR_ARRAY); gl.glShadeModel(GL10.GL_SMOOTH); gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY); gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_COORD_ARRAY); gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D); // Should set rgb to greyish, and alpha to half-transparent, the greyish is // just there to make the question more general its the alpha i'm interested in gl.glColor4f(.75f, .75f, .75f, 0.5f); gl.glVertexPointer(mVertexSize, GL10.GL_FLOAT, 0, mVertexBuffer); gl.glColorPointer(4, GL10.GL_FLOAT, 0, mColorBuffer); gl.glTexCoordPointer(2, GL10.GL_FLOAT, 0, mTexCoordBuffer); gl.glDrawElements(GL10.GL_TRIANGLES, indexCount, GL10.GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT, mIndexBuffer.position(startIndex)); If I disable the color array gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_COLOR_ARRAY);, then the glColor4f works, if I enable the color array it does nothing. Is there any way in OpenGl-ES to change the coloring without changing all the color coordinates? I think that in OpenGl one might use a fragment shader, but it seems OpenGL does not have a fragment shader (not that I know how to use one).

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• Fill 2D area bound by vertices in XNA

  - by oakskc

  I'm learning XNA by doing and, as the title states, I'm trying to see if there's a way to fill a 2D area that is defined by a collection of vertices on a plane. I want to fill with a color, not a file-based texture. For an example, take a rounded rectangle whose vertices are defined by four quarter-circle triangle fans. The vertices are defined by building a collection of triangles, but the triangles may not be adjacent. Additionally, I would like to fill it with more than a single color -- i.e. divide the bound area into four vertical bands and have each a different color. You don't have to provide me the code, pointing me towards resources will help a great deal. I can be handy with Google (which I did try first, but have failed miserably). This is as much an exploration into "what's appropriate for XNA" as it is the implementation of it. Being pretty new to XNA, I'm wanting to also learn what should and shouldn't be done on top of what can and can't be done.

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• question about joGL (glTexImage2D)

  - by Nour

  Hi everybody I was trying to load a texture using joGL library but it seems that something is missing when using this method glTexImage2D at : IOStream wdis = new IOStream(fileName); wdis.skipBytes(18); int width = wdis.readIntW(); // dis.skipBytes(2); int height = wdis.readIntW(); // dis.skipBytes(2); wdis.skipBytes(28); byte buf[] = new byte[wdis.available()]; wdis.read(buf); wdis.close(); gl.glBindTexture(GL.GL_TEXTURE_2D, BMPtextures[index]); gl.glTexImage2D(GL.GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, 3, width, height, 0, GL.GL_BGR, GL.GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, buf); gl.glTexParameteri(GL.GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL.GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL.GL_LINEAR); gl.glTexParameteri(GL.GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL.GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL.GL_LINEAR); as IOStream is a class that extends DataInputStream it shows a message that glTexImage2D(int,int,int,int,int,int,int,int,byte[]) is not found at javax.media.opengl.GL I couldn't figure the problem her because it's an open source code and it seems to work perfectly with my friends but unfortunately not with me even though we are using the same library and the same JDK version what shall I do ??

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• Textured Primitives in XNA with a first person camera

  - by 131nary

  So I have a XNA application set up. The camera is in first person mode, and the user can move around using the keyboard and reposition the camera target with the mouse. I have been able to load 3D models fine, and they appear on screen no problem. Whenever I try to draw any primitive (textured or not), it does not show up anywhere on the screen, no matter how I position the camera. In Initialize(), I have: quad = new Quad(Vector3.Zero, Vector3.UnitZ, Vector3.Up, 2, 2); quadVertexDecl = new VertexDeclaration(this.GraphicsDevice, VertexPositionNormalTexture.VertexElements); In LoadContent(), I have: quadTexture = Content.Load<Texture2D>(@"Textures\brickWall"); quadEffect = new BasicEffect(this.GraphicsDevice, null); quadEffect.AmbientLightColor = new Vector3(0.8f, 0.8f, 0.8f); quadEffect.LightingEnabled = true; quadEffect.World = Matrix.Identity; quadEffect.View = Matrix.CreateLookAt(cameraPosition, cameraTarget, Vector3.Up); quadEffect.Projection = this.Projection; quadEffect.TextureEnabled = true; quadEffect.Texture = quadTexture; And in Draw() I have: this.GraphicsDevice.VertexDeclaration = quadVertexDecl; quadEffect.Begin(); foreach (EffectPass pass in quadEffect.CurrentTechnique.Passes) { pass.Begin(); GraphicsDevice.DrawUserIndexedPrimitives<VertexPositionNormalTexture>( PrimitiveType.TriangleList, quad.Vertices, 0, 4, quad.Indexes, 0, 2); pass.End(); } quadEffect.End(); I think I'm doing something wrong in the quadEffect properties, but I'm not quite sure what.

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• 3 index buffers

  - by bobobobo

  So, in both D3D and OpenGL there's ability to draw from an index buffer. The OBJ file format however does something weird. It specifies a bunch of vertices like: v -21.499660 6.424470 4.069845 v -25.117170 6.418100 4.068025 v -21.663851 8.282170 4.069585 v -21.651890 6.420180 4.068675 v -25.128481 8.281520 4.069585 Then it specifies a bunch of normals like.. vn 0.196004 0.558984 0.805680 vn -0.009523 0.210194 -0.977613 vn -0.147787 0.380832 -0.912757 vn 0.822108 0.567581 0.044617 vn 0.597037 0.057507 -0.800150 vn 0.809312 -0.045432 0.585619 Then it specifies a bunch of tex coords like vt 0.1225 0.5636 vt 0.6221 0.1111 vt 0.4865 0.8888 vt 0.2862 0.2586 vt 0.5865 0.2568 vt 0.1862 0.2166 THEN it specifies "faces" on the model like: f 1/2/5 2/3/7 8/2/6 f 5/9/7 6/3/8 5/2/1 So, in trying to render this with vertex buffers, In OpenGL I can use glVertexPointer, glNormalPointer and glTexCoordPointer to set pointers to each of the vertex, normal and texture coordinate arrays respectively.. but when it comes down to drawing with glDrawElements, I can only specify ONE set of indices, namely the indices it should use when visiting the vertices. Ok, then what? I still have 3 sets of indices to visit. In d3d its much the same - I can set up 3 streams: one for vertices, one for texcoords, and one for normals, but when it comes to using IDirect3DDevice9::DrawIndexedPrimitive, I can still only specify ONE index buffer, which will index into the vertices array. So, is it possible to draw from vertex buffers using different index arrays for each of the vertex, texcoord, and normal buffers (EITHER d3d or opengl!)

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• Question about WeakReferences

  - by Impz0r

  Hey there, I've got a question regarding WeakReferences. I'm right now in the process of writing a "Resource Manager" who hast to keep references to created texture objects. I have a Dictionary like: Dictionary<uint, WeakReference> Where the first is, as you allready may guessed, the Resource Id and the second param is a WeakReference to the Resource itself. Right now my Resources do have a method to free themselfes from their Owner (i.e. Resource Manager). They do so in calling a method at the Resource Manger while passing a this reference to it. The ResMgr does lookup if it is a resource he keeps bookmark of and if so, does something like this: WeakReference result; if (m_Resources.TryGetValue(ResourceId, out result)) { if (result.IsAlive) return; (result.Target as Resource).free(); // free for good m_Resources.Remove(ResourceId); } The Problem I'm having is that the part after: if (result.IsAlive) is never reached because there are still leftover references to the Resource. The thing is, I do only have one Reference of the Resource in question and it releases itself like: resource.free(); // calls internally its owner (i.e. ResMgr) resource = null; I guess the left over reference would be the "resource" variable, but I cannot set it to null, because I do have to call free first. Quite a dilema... Well what I wanted to achive with this is a Resource Manager who keeps references to its owning Resources and release them ONLY if there is no reference left to not screw up something. Any idea how I may solve this in a clean fashion? Thanks in advance! Mfg Imp

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• Opengl Iphone SDK: How to tell if you're touching an object on screen?

  - by TheGambler

  First is my touchesBegan function and then the struct that stores the values for my object. I have an array of these objects and I'm trying to figure out when I touch the screen if I'm touching an object on the screen. I don't know if I need to do this by iterating through all my objects and figure out if I'm touching an object that way or maybe there is an easier more efficient way. How is this usually handled? -(void)touchesBegan:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event{ [super touchesEnded:touches withEvent:event]; UITouch* touch = ([touches count] == 1 ? [touches anyObject] : nil); CGRect bounds = [self bounds]; CGPoint location = [touch locationInView:self]; location.y = bounds.size.height - location.y; float xTouched = location.x/20 - 8 + ((int)location.x % 20)/20; float yTouched = location.y/20 - 12 + ((int)location.y % 20)/20; } typedef struct object_tag // Create A Structure Called Object { int tex; // Integer Used To Select Our Texture float x; // X Position float y; // Y Position float z; // Z Position float yi; // Y Increase Speed (Fall Speed) float spinz; // Z Axis Spin float spinzi; // Z Axis Spin Speed float flap; // Flapping Triangles :) float fi; // Flap Direction (Increase Value) } object;

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• EAGLContext, EAGLSharegroups, RenderBuffers, FrameBuffers, oh my!

  - by quixoto

  Hi all, I'm trying to wrap my head around the OpenGL object model on iPhone OS. I'm currently rendering into a few different UIViews (build on CAEAGLayers) on the screen. I currently have each of these as using separate EAGLContext, each of which has a color renderbuffer and a framebuffer. I'm rendering similar things in them, and I'd like to share textures between these instances to save memory overhead. My current understanding is that I could use the same setup (some number of contexts, each with a FBO/RBO) but if I spawn the later ones using the EAGLShareGroup of the first one, then I can simply use the texture names (GLuints) from the first one in the later ones. Is this accurate? If this is the case, I guess the followup question is: what's the benefit to having it be a "sharegroup"? Could I just reuse the same context, and attach multiple FBOs/RBOs to that context? I think I'm struggling with the abstraction layer of a sharegroup, which seems to share "objects" (textures and other named things) but not "state" (matrices, enabled/disabled states) which are owned by the context. What's the best way to think of this? Thanks for any enlightenment!

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• Lighting does not work with gluSphere

  - by badcodenotreat

  This is a simple issue that I'm somewhat ashamed to ask for help on. I'm making a simple call to gluSphere to render a sphere, however, it does not light properly even though I'm pretty sure I added the normals and lighting correctly. If, however, I add a texture, the model lights normally, except it seems to be always SMOOTH, and I cannot change it to flat. This is the lighting code in my init() function: gl.glLightfv( GL.GL_LIGHT0, GL.GL_AMBIENT , AMBIENT_LIGHT, 0 ); gl.glLightfv( GL.GL_LIGHT0, GL.GL_DIFFUSE , DIFFUSE_LIGHT, 0 ); gl.glLightfv( GL.GL_LIGHT0, GL.GL_POSITION, light_pos , 0 ); gl.glEnable ( GL.GL_LIGHT0 ); gl.glEnable ( GL.GL_LIGHTING ); this is my sphere code in my display() function: gl.glColor3d(1.0, 1.0, 1.0); glu.gluQuadricDrawStyle (quad, GLU.GLU_FILL); glu.gluQuadricNormals (quad, GLU.GLU_FLAT); glu.gluQuadricOrientation(quad, GLU.GLU_OUTSIDE); glu.gluSphere(quad, 1.0, lat, lon); Please advise.

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• Fast Lightweight Image Comparisson Metric Algorithm

  - by gav

  Hi All, I am developing an application for the Android platform which contains 1000+ image filters that have been 'evolved'. When a user selects a photo I want to present the most relevant filters first. This 'relevance' should be dependent on previous use cases. I have already developed tools that register when a filtered image is saved; this combination of filter and image can be seen as the training data for my system. The issue is that the comparison must occur between selecting an image and the next screen coming up. From a UI point of view I need the whole process to take less that 4 seconds; select an image- obtain a metric to use for similarity - check against use cases - return 6 closest matches. I figure with 4 seconds I can use animations and progress dialogs to keep the user happy. Due to platform contraints I am fairly limited in the computational expense of the algorithm. I have implemented a technique adapted from various online tutorials for running C code on the G1 and hence this language is available Specific Constraints; Qualcomm® MSM7201A™, 528 MHz Processor 320 x 480 Pixel bitmap in 32 bit ARGB ~ 2 seconds computational time for the native method to get the metric ~ 2 seconds to compare the metric of the current image with training data This is an academic project so all ideas are welcome, anything you can think of or have heard about would be of interest to me. My ideas; I want to keep the complexity down (O(n*m)?) by using pixel data only rather than a neighbourhood function I was looking at using the Colour historgram/Greyscale histogram/Texture/Entropy of the image, combining them to make the measure. There will be an obvious loss of information but I need the resultant metric to be substantially smaller than the memory footprint of the image (~0.512 MB) As I said, any ideas to direct my research would be fantastic. Kind regards, Gavin

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• Is there a fast alternative to creating a Texture2D from a Bitmap object in XNA?

  - by Matthew Bowen

  I've looked around a lot and the only methods I've found for creating a Texture2D from a Bitmap are: using (MemoryStream s = new MemoryStream()) { bmp.Save(s, System.Drawing.Imaging.ImageFormat.Png); s.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin); Texture2D tx = Texture2D.FromFile(device, s); } and Texture2D tx = new Texture2D(device, bmp.Width, bmp.Height, 0, TextureUsage.None, SurfaceFormat.Color); tx.SetData<byte>(rgbValues, 0, rgbValues.Length, SetDataOptions.NoOverwrite); Where rgbValues is a byte array containing the bitmap's pixel data in 32-bit ARGB format. My question is, are there any faster approaches that I can try? I am writing a map editor which has to read in custom-format images (map tiles) and convert them into Texture2D textures to display. The previous version of the editor, which was a C++ implementation, converted the images first into bitmaps and then into textures to be drawn using DirectX. I have attempted the same approach here, however both of the above approaches are significantly too slow. To load into memory all of the textures required for a map takes for the first approach ~250 seconds and for the second approach ~110 seconds on a reasonable spec computer. If there is a method to edit the data of a texture directly (such as with the Bitmap class's LockBits method) then I would be able to convert the custom-format images straight into a Texture2D and hopefully save processing time. Any help would be very much appreciated. Thanks

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• How to get a fully transparent backbuffer in directx 9 without vista Desktop Window Manager

  - by flawlesslyfaulted

  I currently have an activex control that initiates a media (video/audio) framework another development group in my company developed and I am providing a window handle to that code. That handle is being used by their rendering plugin in the pipeline that uses Direct3d for rendering the video using that handle. I have seperate LPDIRECT3D9EX and LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9EX pointers that I initialize in my activex control. I am trying to clear a backbuffer to transparent and then use directx drawing primatives to draw on that backbuffer producing a transparent window with my drawing primatives over the streaming video on the directx surface below. It appears that clearing a device backbuffer with full alpha transparency is ignored by directx. d3ddev->Clear(0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET, D3DCOLOR_RGBA(0, 0, 1, 0 /*full alpha*/), 1.0f, 0); I can see the object I draw but they are drawn on top of a backbuffer that has the RGB color specified without the alpha value. The project linked (http://www.codeproject.com/KB/directx/umvistad3d.aspx) to in the stackoverflow question below does what I want but requires vista's Desktop Window Manager and won't work for XP. http://stackoverflow.com/questions/148275/how-do-i-draw-transparent-directx-content-in-a-transparent-window I have tried with D3DRS_ALPHABLENDENABLE true with configured blend with no avail. I have also tried to have pixels with full alpha values not rendered using D3DRS_ALPHATESTENABLE, D3DRS_ALPHAREF, and D3DRS_ALPHAFUNC setup but this doesn't work either. I have tried using ColorFill with alpha after retrieving the backbuffer with GetBackBuffer but this doesn't work either. (again only RGB is used) Finally I have tried creating a texture, selecting a surface, colorfilling that surface with a fully transparent alpha value, then loading that surface onto the backbuffer but only the RGB values appear to be used. I have checked the capabilities using the DXCapsViewer.exe and the D3DFMT_A8R8G8B8 backbuffer format that I am using for the backbuffer is valid so it can't be that. Has anyone gotten a transparent backbuffer in directx to work in XP?

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• Zoom image to pixel level

  - by zaf

  For an art project, one of the things I'll be doing is zooming in on an image to a particular pixel. I've been rubbing my chin and would love some advice on how to proceed. Here are the input parameters: Screen: sw - screen width sh - screen height Image: iw - image width ih - image height Pixel: px - x position of pixel in image py - y position of pixel in image Zoom: zf - zoom factor (0.0 to 1.0) Background colour: bc - background colour to use when screen and image aspect ratios are different Outputs: The zoomed image (no anti-aliasing) The screen position/dimensions of the pixel we are zooming to. When zf is 0 the image must fit the screen with correct aspect ratio. When zf is 1 the selected pixel fits the screen with correct aspect ratio. One idea I had was to use something like povray and move the camera towards a big image texture or some library (e.g. pygame) to do the zooming. Anyone think of something more clever with simple pseudo code? To keep it more simple you can make the image and screen have the same aspect ratio. I can live with that. I'll update with more info as its required.

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• Vertex Buffers in opengl

  - by JB

  I'm making a small 3d graphics game/demo for personal learning. I know d3d9 and quite a bit about d3d11 but little about opengl at the moment so I'm intending to abstract out the actual rendering of the graphics so that my scene graph and everything "above" it needs to know little about how to actually draw the graphics. I intend to make it work with d3d9 then add d3d11 support and finally opengl support. Just as a learning exercise to learn about 3d graphics and abstraction. I don't know much about opengl at this point though, and don't want my abstract interface to expose anything that isn't simple to implement in opengl. Specifically I'm looking at vertex buffers. In d3d they are essentially an array of structures, but looking at the opengl interface the equivalent seems to be vertex arrays. However these seem to be organised rather differently where you need a separate array for vertices, one for normals, one for texture coordinates etc and set the with glVertexPointer, glTexCoordPointer etc. I was hoping to be able to implement a VertexBuffer interface much like the the directx one but it looks like in d3d you have an array of structures and in opengl you need a separate array for each element which makes finding a common abstraction quite hard to make efficient. Is there any way to use opengl in a similar way to directx? Or any suggestions on how to come up with a higher level abstraction that will work efficiently with both systems?

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• How to Implement Overlay blend method using opengles 1.1

  - by Cylon

  Blow is the algorithm of overlay. and i want using it on iphone, but iphone 3g only support opengles 1.1, can not using glsl. can i using blend function or texture combine to implement it. thank you /////////Reference from OpenGL Shading® Language Third Edition /////////// 19.6.12 Overlay OVERLAY first computes the luminance of the base value. If the luminance value is less than 0.5, the blend and base values are multiplied together. If the luminance value is greater than 0.5, a screen operation is performed. The effect is that the base value is mixed with the blend value, rather than being replaced. This allows patterns and colors to overlay the base image, but shadows and highlights in the base image are preserved. A discontinuity occurs where luminance = 0.5. To provide a smooth transition, we actually do a linear blend of the two equations for luminance in the range [0.45,0.55]. float luminance = dot(base, lumCoeff); if (luminance < 0.45) result = 2.0 * blend * base; else if (luminance 0.55) result = white - 2.0 * (white - blend) * (white - base); else { vec4 result1 = 2.0 * blend * base; vec4 result2 = white - 2.0 * (white - blend) * (white - base); result = mix(result1, result2, (luminance - 0.45) * 10.0); }

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