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• Will these optimizations to my Ruby implementation of diff improve performance in a Rails app?

  - by grg-n-sox

  <tl;dr> In source version control diff patch generation, would it be worth it to use the optimizations listed at the very bottom of this writing (see <optimizations>) in my Ruby implementation of diff for making diff patches? </tl;dr> <introduction> I am programming something I have never done before and there might already be tools out there to do the exact thing I am programming but at this point I am having too much fun to care so I am still going to do it from scratch, even if there is a tool for this. So anyways, I am working on a Ruby on Rails app and need a certain feature. Basically I want each entry in a table of mine, let's say for example a table of video games, to have a stored chunk of text that represents a review or something of the sort for that table entry. However, I want this text to be both editable by any registered user and also keep track of different submissions in a version control system. The simplest solution I could think of is just implement a solution that keeps track of the text body and the diff patch history of different versions of the text body as objects in Ruby and then serialize it, preferably in human readable form (so I'll most likely use YAML for this) for editing if needed due to corruption by a software bug or a mistake is made by an admin doing some version editing. So at first I just tried to dive in head first into this feature to find that the problem of generating a diff patch is more difficult that I thought to do efficiently. So I did some research and came across some ideas. Some I have implemented already and some I have not. However, it all pretty much revolves around the longest common subsequence problem, as you would already know if you have already done anything with diff or diff-like features, and optimization the function that solves it. Currently I have it so it truncates the compared versions of the text body from the beginning and end until non-matching lines are found. Then it solves the problem using a comparison matrix, but instead of incrementing the value stored in a cell when it finds a matching line like in most longest common subsequence algorithms I have seen examples of, I increment when I have a non-matching line so as to calculate edit distance instead of longest common subsequence. Although as far as I can tell between the two approaches, they are essentially two sides of the same coin so either could be used to derive an answer. It then back-traces through the comparison matrix and notes when there was an incrementation and in which adjacent cell (West, Northwest, or North) to determine that line's diff entry and assumes all other lines to be unchanged. Normally I would leave it at that, but since this is going into a Rails environment and not just some stand-alone Ruby script, I started getting worried about needing to optimize at least enough so if a spammer that somehow knew how I implemented the version control system and knew my worst case scenario entry still wouldn't be able to hit the server that bad. After some searching and reading of research papers and articles through the internet, I've come across several that seem decent but all seem to have pros and cons and I am having a hard time deciding how well in this situation that the pros and cons balance out. So are the ones listed here worth it? I have listed them with known pros and cons. </introduction> <optimizations> Chop the compared sequences into multiple chucks of subsequences by splitting where lines are unchanged, and then truncating each section of unchanged lines at the beginning and end of each section. Then solve the edit distance of each subsequence. Pro: Changes the time increase as the changed area gets bigger from a quadratic increase to something more similar to a linear increase. Con: Figuring out where to split already seems like you have to solve edit distance except now you don't care how it is changed. Would be fine if this was solvable by a process closer to solving hamming distance but a single insertion would throw this off. Use a cryptographic hash function to both convert all sequence elements into integers and ensure uniqueness. Then solve the edit distance comparing the hash integers instead of the sequence elements themselves. Pro: The operation of comparing two integers is faster than the operation of comparing two strings, so a slight performance gain is received after every comparison, which can be a lot overall. Con: Using a cryptographic hash function takes time to convert all the sequence elements and may end up costing more time to do the conversion that you gain back from the integer comparisons. You could use the built in hash function for a string but that will not guarantee uniqueness. Use lazy evaluation to only calculate the three center-most diagonals of the comparison matrix and then only calculate additional diagonals as needed. And then also use this approach to possibly remove the need on some comparisons to compare all three adjacent cells as desribed here. Pro: Can turn an algorithm that always takes O(n * m) time and make it so only worst case scenario is that time, best case becomes practically linear, and average case is somewhere between the two. Con: It is an algorithm I've only seen implemented in functional programming languages and I am having a difficult time comprehending how to convert this into Ruby based on how it is described at the site linked to above. Make a C module and do the hard work at the native level in C and just make a Ruby wrapper for it so Ruby can make all the calls to it that it needs. Pro: I have to imagine that evaluating something like this in could be a LOT faster. Con: I have no idea how Rails handles apps with ruby code that has C extensions and it hurts the portability of the app. This is an optimization for after the solving of edit distance, but idea is to store additional combined diffs with the ones produced by each version to make a delta-tree data structure with the most recently made diff as the root node of the tree so getting to any version takes worst case time of O(log n) instead of O(n). Pro: Would make going back to an old version a lot faster. Con: It would mean every new commit, the delta-tree would get a new root node that will cost time to reorganize the delta-tree for an operation that will be carried out a lot more often than going back a version, not to mention the unlikelihood it will be an old version. </optimizations> So are these things worth the effort?

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• How do I read binary C++ protobuf data using Python protobuf?

  - by nbolton

  The Python version of Google protobuf gives us only: SerializeAsString() Where as the C++ version gives us both: SerializeToArray(...) SerializeAsString() We're writing to our C++ file in binary format, and we'd like to keep it this way. That said, is there a way of reading the binary data into Python and parsing it as if it were a string? Is this the correct way of doing it? binary = get_binary_data() binary_size = get_binary_size() string = None for i in range(len(binary_size)): string += i message = new MyMessage() message.ParseFromString(string) Update: Here's a new example, and a problem: message_length = 512 file = open('foobars.bin', 'rb') eof = False while not eof: data = file.read(message_length) eof = not data if not eof: foo_bar = FooBar() foo_bar.ParseFromString(data) When we get to the foo_bar.ParseFromString(data) line, I get this error: Exception Type: DecodeError Exception Value: Too many bytes when decoding varint. Update 2: It turns out, that the padding on the binary data was throwing protobuf off; too many bytes were being sent in, as the message suggests (in this case it was referring to the padding). This padding comes from using the C++ protobuf function, SerializeToArray on a fixed-length buffer. To eliminate this, I have used this temproary code: message_length = 512 file = open('foobars.bin', 'rb') eof = False while not eof: data = file.read(message_length) eof = not data string = '' for i in range(0, len(data)): byte = data[i] if byte != '\xcc': # yuck! string += data[i] if not eof: foo_bar = FooBar() foo_bar.ParseFromString(string) There is a design flaw here I think. I will re-implement my C++ code so that it writes variable length arrays to the binary file. As advised by the protobuf documentation, I will prefix each message with it's binary size so that I know how much to read when I'm opening the file with Python.

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• FIFOs implementation

  - by nunos

  Consider the following code: writer.c mkfifo("/tmp/myfifo", 0660); int fd = open("/tmp/myfifo", O_WRONLY); char *foo, *bar; ... write(fd, foo, strlen(foo)*sizeof(char)); write(fd, bar, strlen(bar)*sizeof(char)); reader.c int fd = open("/tmp/myfifo", O_RDONLY); char buf[100]; read(fd, buf, ??); My question is: Since it's not know before hand how many bytes will foo and bar have, how can I know how many bytes to read from reader.c? Because if I, for example, read 10 bytes in reader and foo and bar are together less than 10 bytes, I will have them both in the same variable and that I do not want. Ideally I would have one read function for every variable, but again I don't know before hand how many bytes will the data have. I thought about adding another write instruction in writer.c between the write for foo and bar with a separator and then I would have no problem decoding it from reader.c. Is this the way to go about it? Thanks.

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• Choosing the right web service

  - by Ratan Sharma

  My website currently working in ASP.NET 1.1 Old Process In our database we have huge amount of data stored for a decoding purpose. We have to update this huge set of data table each week(Data is supplied from a vendor). In our website (in asp.net 1.1) we query our database to decode information. New process Now instead of storing data in our database and query them, we want to replace this through the web service, AS now the vendor is supplying us a DLL, which will give us the decoded information. Information on the DLL provided by the vendor The DLL provided, can only be added in 4.0 sites. SO that also impleies that i can not directly add the dll to my 1.1 site. This DLL is exposing certain methods, we simply have to add the DLL refernce in our web service and call the method and fetch the needed information. Thus we will not have to store those information in our database. So which type of web service I should go for (asmx OR WCF) that will use the DLLs provided by vendor to fetch the decoded information ?? Flexibility i am looking for in the web service are: It can be consumed from asp.net 1.1 site directly and also using jQuery ajax. It can be consumed from other web services running on the server. It can be consumed from some windows services running from the server. NOTE : Moreover we have a plan to migrate our website from asp.net 1.1 to 4.0 version in future.So it should be that much supportive for future upgrade.

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• Where'd my sounds go?

  - by Dane Man

  In my Row class I have the initWithCoder method and everything restored in that method works fine, but only within the method. After the method is called I loose an array of sounds that is in my Row class. The sounds class also has the initWithCoder method, and the sound plays fine but only in the Row class initWithCoder method. After decoding the Row object, the sound array disappears completely and is unable to be called. Here's my source for the initWithCoder: - (id) initWithCoder:(NSCoder *)coder { ... soundArray = [coder decodeObjectForKey:@"soundArray"]; NSLog(@"%d",[soundArray count]); return self; } the log shows the count as 8 like it should (this is while unarchiving). Then the row object I create gets assigned. And the resulting row object no longer has a soundArray. [NSKeyedArchiver archiveRootObject:row toFile:@"DefaultRow"]; ... row = [NSKeyedUnarchiver unarchiveObjectWithFile:@"DefaultRow"]; So now whenever I call the soundArray it crashes. //ERROR IS HERE NSLog(@"%d",[[row soundArray] count]); Help please (soundArray is an NSMutableArray).

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• When is it better to use a method versus a property for a class definition?

  - by ccomet

  Partially related to an earlier question of mine, I have a system in which I have to store complex data as a string. Instead of parsing these strings as all kinds of separate objects, I just created one class that contains all of those objects, and it has some parser logic that will encode all properties into strings, or decode a string to get those objects. That's all fine and good. This question is not about the parser itself, but about where I should house the logic for the parser. Is it a better choice to put it as a property, or as a method? In the case of a property, say public string DataAsString, the get accessor would house the logic to encode all of the data into a string, while the set accessor would decode the input value and set all of the data in the class instance. It seems convenient because the input/output is indeed a string. In the case of a method, one method would be Encode(), which returns the encoded string. Then, either the constructor itself would house the logic for the decoding a string and require the string argument, or I write a Decode(string str) method which is called separately. In either case, it would be using a method instead of a property. So, is there a functional difference between these paths, in terms of the actual running of the code? Or are they basically equivalent and it then boils down to a choice of personal preference or which one looks better? And in that kind of question... which would look cleaner anyway?

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• Opening a Unicode file with Perl

  - by Jaco Pretorius

  I'm using osql to run several sql scripts against a database and then I need to look at the results file to check if any errors occurred. The problem is that perl doesn't seem to like the fact that the results files are unicode. I wrote a little test script to test it and the output comes out all warbled. $file = shift; open OUTPUT, $file or die "Can't open $file: $!\n"; while (<OUTPUT>) { print $_; if (/Invalid|invalid|Cannot|cannot/) { push(@invalids, $file); print "invalid file - $inputfile - schedule for retry\n"; last; } } Any ideas? I've tried decoding using decode_utf8 but it makes no difference. I've also tried to set the encoding when opening the file. I think the problem might be that osql puts the result file in UTF-16 format, but I'm not sure. When I open the file in textpad it just tells me 'Unicode'. Edit: Using perl v5.8.8

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• returning autorelease NSString still causes memory leaks

  - by hookjd

  I have a simple function that returns an NSString after decoding it. I use it a lot throughout my application, and it appears to create a memory leak (according to "leaks" tool) every time I use it. Leaks tells me the problem is on the line where I alloc the NSString that I am going to return, even though I autorelease it. Here is the function: -(NSString *) decodeValue { NSString *newString; newString = [self stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"#" withString:@"$"]; NSData *stateData = [NSData dataWithBase64EncodedString:newString]; NSString *convertState = [[[NSString alloc] initWithData:stateData encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding] autorelease]; return convertState; } My understanding of [autorelease] is that it should be used in exactly this way... where I want to hold onto the object just long enough to return it in my function and then let the object be autoreleased later. So I believe I can use this function through code like this without manually releasing anything: NSString *myDecodedString = [myString decodeValue]; But this process is reporting leaks and I don't understand how to change it to avoid the leaks. What am I doing wrong?

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• Reading numpy arrays outside of Python

  - by Abiel

  In a recent question I asked about the fastest way to convert a large numpy array to a delimited string. My reason for asking was because I wanted to take that plain text string and transmit it (over HTTP for instance) to clients written in other programming languages. A delimited string of numbers is obviously something that any client program can work with easily. However, it was suggested that because string conversion is slow, it would be faster on the Python side to do base64 encoding on the array and send it as binary. This is indeed faster. My question now is, (1) how can I make sure my encoded numpy array will travel well to clients on different operating systems and different hardware, and (2) how do I decode the binary data on the client side. For (1), my inclination is to do something like the following import numpy as np import base64 x = np.arange(100, dtype=np.float64) base64.b64encode(x.tostring()) Is there anything else I need to do? For (2), I would be happy to have an example in any programming language, where the goal is to take the numpy array of floats and turn them into a similar native data structure. Assume we have already done base64 decoding and have a byte array, and that we also know the numpy dtype, dimensions, and any other metadata which will be needed. Thanks.

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• Is it safe to use random Unicode for complex delimiter sequences in strings?

  - by ccomet

  Question: In terms of program stability and ensuring that the system will actually operate, how safe is it to use chars like ¦, § or ‡ for complex delimiter sequences in strings? Can I reliable believe that I won't run into any issues in a program reading these incorrectly? I am working in a system, using C# code, in which I have to store a fairly complex set of information within a single string. The readability of this string is only necessary on the computer side, end-users should only ever see the information after it has been parsed by the appropriate methods. Because some of the data in these strings will be collections of variable size, I use different delimiters to identify what parts of the string correspond to a certain tier of organization. There are enough cases that the standard sets of ;, |, and similar ilk have been exhausted. I considered two-char delimiters, like ;# or ;|, but I felt that it would be very inefficient. There probably isn't that large of a performance difference in storing with one char versus two chars, but when I have the option of picking the smaller option, it just feels wrong to pick the larger one. So finally, I considered using the set of characters like the double dagger and section. They only take up one char, and they are definitely not going to show up in the actual text that I'll be storing, so they won't be confused for anything. But character encoding is finicky. While the visibility to the end user is meaningless (since they, in fact, won't see it), I became recently concerned about how the programs in the system will read it. The string is stored in one database, while a separate program is responsible for both encoding and decoding the string into different object types for the rest of the application to work with. And if something is expected to be written one way, is possibly written another, then maybe the whole system will fail and I can't really let that happen. So is it safe to use these kind of chars for background delimiters?

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• BWToolkit inclusion crashing

  - by Schroedinger

  Hey guys I'm using the latest version of XCode (3.2.2) and I've linked the framework using the tutorial. I was building my app and tested it and I get a BWToolkit exception on decoding. I've included the Framework in the frameworks and added it to the copy files stage. I even created a new dummy app including the framework and adding it to the copy files stage and it still crashes when I try to run. Any ideas? Do I need to include it somewhere in the app? I'm worried I've overlooked something really simple. 2010-04-13 14:14:24.540 BWTestFramework[7504:a0f] An uncaught exception was raised 2010-04-13 14:14:24.543 BWTestFramework[7504:a0f] *** -[NSKeyedUnarchiver decodeObjectForKey:]: cannot decode object of class (BWSplitView) 2010-04-13 14:14:24.545 BWTestFramework[7504:a0f] *** Terminating app due to uncaught exception 'NSInvalidUnarchiveOperationException', reason: '*** -[NSKeyedUnarchiver decodeObjectForKey:]: cannot decode object of class (BWSplitView)' *** Call stack at first throw: ( 0 CoreFoundation 0x00007fff84a77d24 __exceptionPreprocess + 180 1 libobjc.A.dylib 0x00007fff82ba00f3 objc_exception_throw + 45 2 CoreFoundation 0x00007fff84a77b47 +[NSException raise:format:arguments:] + 103 3 CoreFoundation 0x00007fff84a77ad4 +[NSException raise:format:] + 148 4 Foundation 0x00007fff83804aa6 _decodeObjectBinary + 2427 5 Foundation 0x00007fff83805825 -[NSKeyedUnarchiver _decodeArrayOfObjectsForKey:] + 1229 6 Foundation 0x00007fff83805d65 -[NSArray(NSArray) initWithCoder:] + 462 7 Foundation 0x00007fff83804b1f _decodeObjectBinary + 2548 8 Foundation 0x00007fff83803f99 _decodeObject + 208 9 AppKit 0x00007fff8069fbfb -[NSView initWithCoder:] + 362 10 Foundation 0x00007fff83804b1f _decodeObjectBinary + 2548 11 Foundation 0x00007fff83803f99 _decodeObject + 208 12 AppKit 0x00007fff806adfbb -[NSWindowTemplate initWithCoder:] + 3824 13 Foundation 0x00007fff83804b1f _decodeObjectBinary + 2548 14 Foundation 0x00007fff83805825 -[NSKeyedUnarchiver _decodeArrayOfObjectsForKey:] + 1229 15 Foundation 0x00007fff83805268 -[NSSet(NSSet) initWithCoder:] + 447 16 Foundation 0x00007fff83804b1f _decodeObjectBinary + 2548 17 Foundation 0x00007fff83803f99 _decodeObject + 208 18 AppKit 0x00007fff8062fcde -[NSIBObjectData initWithCoder:] + 1983 19 Foundation 0x00007fff83804b1f _decodeObjectBinary + 2548 20 Foundation 0x00007fff83803f99 _decodeObject + 208 21 AppKit 0x00007fff8062f40d loadNib + 146 22 AppKit 0x00007fff8062e96d +[NSBundle(NSNibLoading) _loadNibFile:nameTable:withZone:ownerBundle:] + 248 23 AppKit 0x00007fff8062e7a5 +[NSBundle(NSNibLoading) loadNibNamed:owner:] + 326 24 AppKit 0x00007fff8062bd27 NSApplicationMain + 279 25 BWTestFramework 0x0000000100001891 main + 33 26 BWTestFramework 0x0000000100001868 start + 52 ) terminate called after throwing an instance of 'NSException' That's the crash report

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• Display database content which is last inserted using last inserted ID

  - by user2330772

  What i am doing is i am displaying last inserted data when form data is submitted,the form is multipart/form-data. I am getting this form data using jquery,here i am sending this data to php file using Ajax POST.In that php file i am inserting that data in db table..where i am getting the id of inserted data..on success of Ajax call i am sending that id to another PHP file..where using that id i am displaying the last inserted data... My form is: <form method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data" name="upload_form" id="data"> <select id="sel"> <option>Select the Project Stream</option> <option value="1">Computer Science</option> <option value="2">Mechanical</option> <option value="3">IT</option> <option value="4">Web Development</option> <option value="5">MCA</option> <option value="6">Civil</option> </select><br /> <input type="text" id="title" placeholder="Project Title"/><br /> <input type="text" id="vurl" placeholder="If You have any video about project write your video url path here" style="width:435px;"/><br /> <textarea id="prjdesc" name="prjdesc" rows="20" cols="80" style="border-style:groove;box-shadow: 10px 10px 10px 10px #888888;"placeholder="Please describe Your Project"></textarea> <label for="file">Filename:</label> <input type="file" name="file" id="file"/><br /> <button>Submit</button> </form> My js file: $("form#data").submit(function() { alert("update"); var sid=$("#sel").val(); alert(sid); var ttle = $("#title").val(); alert(ttle); var text = $("#prjdesc").val(); var vurl = $("#vurl").val(); /*var dataString = 'param='+text+'&param1='+vurl+'&param2='+ttle+'&param3='+id;*/ var formData = new FormData($(this)[0]); formData.append('param',text); formData.append('param1',vurl); formData.append('param2',ttle ); formData.append('param3',sid ); $.ajax({ type:'POST', data:formData, url:'insert.php', success:function(id) { alert(id); window.location ="another.php?id="+id; }, cache: false, contentType: false, processData: false }); return false; }); insert.php: <?php print_r($_FILES); $desc = $_POST['param']; echo $desc; $video = $_POST['param1']; echo $video ; $title = $_POST['param2']; echo $title; $tech_id=$_POST['param3']; echo $tech_id; $host="localhost"; $username="root"; $password=""; $db_name="geny"; $tbl_name="project_details"; mysql_connect("$host", "$username", "$password")or die("cannot connect"); mysql_select_db("$db_name")or die("cannot select DB"); $allowedExts = array("gif", "jpeg", "jpg", "png"); $extension = end(explode(".", $_FILES["file"]["name"])); $url_dir = "C:/wamp/www/WebsiteTemplate4/upload/"; if ((($_FILES["file"]["type"] == "image/gif") || ($_FILES["file"]["type"] == "image/jpeg") || ($_FILES["file"]["type"] == "image/jpg") || ($_FILES["file"]["type"] == "image/pjpeg") || ($_FILES["file"]["type"] == "image/x-png") || ($_FILES["file"]["type"] == "image/png")) && ($_FILES["file"]["size"] < 50000) && in_array($extension, $allowedExts)) { if ($_FILES["file"]["error"] > 0) { echo "Return Code: " . $_FILES["file"]["error"] . "<br>"; } else { if (file_exists($url_dir . $_FILES["file"]["name"])) { echo $_FILES["file"]["name"] . " already exists. "; } else { move_uploaded_file($_FILES["file"]["tmp_name"],$url_dir. $_FILES["file"]["name"]); // echo "Stored in: " . "upload/" . $_FILES["file"]["name"]; $tmp = "C:/wamp/www/WebsiteTemplate4/upload/" . $_FILES["file"]["name"]; $sql="INSERT INTO $tbl_name (title, content, img_path, video_url, project_tech_Id) VALUES ('$title','$desc','$tmp','$video','$tech_id')"; if(mysql_query($sql)) { echo mysql_insert_id(); } else { echo "Cannot Insert"; } } } } else { echo "Invalid file"; } ?> another.php: <?php $temp=$_GET['id']; echo $temp; $host="localhost"; $username="root"; $password=""; $db_name="geny"; $tbl_name="project_details"; mysql_connect("$host", "$username", "$password")or die("cannot connect"); mysql_select_db("$db_name")or die("cannot select DB"); $query = mysql_query("SELECT content FROM project_details WHERE id=". $temp); if (!$query) { echo 'Could not run query: ' . mysql_error(); exit; } $row = mysql_fetch_row($query); echo "<div id='uprjct' style='background:#336699;'> <p>$row[0]</p> </div>"; ?> but the ID what i am returning in insert.php containg array of elements...i dont want all these thing i want only ID(which is number).. please tell me what is wrong in my code...

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• Passing a URL as a URL parameter

  - by Andrea

  I am implementing OpenId login in a CakePHP application. At a certain point, I need to redirect to another action, while preserving the information about the OpenId identity, which is itself a URL (with GET parameters), for instance https://www.google.com/accounts/o8/id?id=31g2iy321i3y1idh43q7tyYgdsjhd863Es How do I pass this data? The first attempt would be function openid() { ... $this->redirect(array('controller' => 'users', 'action' => 'openid_create', $openid)); } but the obvious problem is that this completely messes up the way CakePHP parses URL parameters. I'd need to do either of the following: 1) encode the URL in a CakePHP friendly manner for passing it, and decoding it after that, or 2) pass the URL as a POST parameter but I don't know how to do this. EDIT: In response to comments, I should be more clear. I am using the OpenId component, and I have a working OpenId implementation. What I need to do is to link OpenId with an existing user system. When a new user logs in via OpenId, I ask for more details, and then create a new user with this data. The problem is that I have to keep the OpenId URL throughout this process.

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• Protocol specific channel handlers

  - by Mickael Marrache

  I'm writing an application server that will receive SIP and DNS messages from the network. When I receive a message from the network, I understand from the documentation that at first, I get a ChannelBuffer. I would like to determine which kind of message has been received (SIP or DNS) and to decode it. To determine the message type, I can dedicate port to each type of message, but I would be interested to know if there exist another solution for that. My question is more about how to decode the ChannelBuffer. Is there a ChannelHandler provided by Netty to decode SIP or DNS messages? If not, what would be the right place in the type hierarchy to write my custom ChannelHandler? To illustrate my question, let's take as example the HttpRequestDecoder, the hierarchy is: java.lang.Object org.jboss.netty.channel.SimpleChannelUpstreamHandler org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.frame.FrameDecoder org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.replay.ReplayingDecoder<HttpMessageDecoder.State> org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpMessageDecoder org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpRequestDecoder Also, do I need to use two different ChannelHandler for decoding and encoding, or is there a possibility to use a single ChannelHandler for both? Thanks

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• When does an ARM7 processor increase its PC register?

  - by Summer_More_More_Tea

  Hi everyone: I'm thinking about this question for a time: when does an ARM7(with 3 pipelines) processor increase its PC register. I originally thought that after an instruction has been executed, the processor first check is there any exception in the last execution, then increase PC by 2 or 4 depending on current state. If an exception occur, ARM7 will change its running mode, store PC in the LR of current mode and begin to process current exception without modifying the PC register. But it make no sense when analyzing returning instructions. I can not work out why PC will be assigned LR when returning from an undefined-instruction-exception while LR-4 from prefetch-abort-exception, don't both of these exceptions happened at the decoding state? What's more, according to my textbook, PC will always be assigned LR-4 when returning from prefetch-abort-exception no matter what state the processor is(ARM or Thumb) before exception occurs. However, I think PC should be assigned LR-2 if the original state is Thumb, since a Thumb-instruction is 2 bytes long instead of 4 bytes which an ARM-instruction holds, and we just wanna roll-back an instruction in current state. Is there any flaws in my reasoning or something wrong with the textbook. Seems a long question. I really hope anyone can help me get the right answer. Thanks in advance.

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• What can cause my code to run slower when the server JIT is activated?

  - by durandai

  I am doing some optimizations on an MPEG decoder. To ensure my optimizations aren't breaking anything I have a test suite that benchmarks the entire codebase (both optimized and original) as well as verifying that they both produce identical results (basically just feeding a couple of different streams through the decoder and crc32 the outputs). When using the "-server" option with the Sun 1.6.0_18, the test suite runs about 12% slower on the optimized version after warmup (in comparison to the default "-client" setting), while the original codebase gains a good boost running about twice as fast as in client mode. While at first this seemed to be simply a warmup issue to me, I added a loop to repeat the entire test suite multiple times. Then execution times become constant for each pass starting at the 3rd iteration of the test, still the optimized version stays 12% slower than in the client mode. I am also pretty sure its not a garbage collection issue, since the code involves absolutely no object allocations after startup. The code consists mainly of some bit manipulation operations (stream decoding) and lots of basic floating math (generating PCM audio). The only JDK classes involved are ByteArrayInputStream (feeds the stream to the test and excluding disk IO from the tests) and CRC32 (to verify the result). I also observed the same behaviour with Sun JDK 1.7.0_b98 (only that ist 15% instead of 12% there). Oh, and the tests were all done on the same machine (single core) with no other applications running (WinXP). While there is some inevitable variation on the measured execution times (using System.nanoTime btw), the variation between different test runs with the same settings never exceeded 2%, usually less than 1% (after warmup), so I conclude the effect is real and not purely induced by the measuring mechanism/machine. Are there any known coding patterns that perform worse on the server JIT? Failing that, what options are available to "peek" under the hood and observe what the JIT is doing there?

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• Probelm with String.split() in java

  - by Matt

  What I am trying to do is read a .java file, and pick out all of the identifiers and store them in a list. My problem is with the .split() method. If you run this code the way it is, you will get ArrayOutOfBounds, but if you change the delimiter from "." to anything else, the code works. But I need to lines parsed by "." so is there another way I could accomplish this? import java.io.BufferedReader; import java.io.FileNotFoundException; import java.io.FileReader; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.*; public class MyHash { private static String[] reserved = new String[100]; private static List list = new LinkedList(); private static List list2 = new LinkedList(); public static void main (String args[]){ Hashtable hashtable = new Hashtable(997); makeReserved(); readFile(); String line; ListIterator itr = list.listIterator(); int listIndex = 0; while (listIndex < list.size()) { if (itr.hasNext()){ line = itr.next().toString(); //PROBLEM IS HERE!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! String[] words = line.split("."); //CHANGE THIS AND IT WILL WORK System.out.println(words[0]); //TESTING TO SEE IF IT WORKED } listIndex++; } } public static void readFile() { String text; String[] words; BufferedReader in = null; try { in = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("MyHash.java")); //NAME OF INPUT FILE } catch (FileNotFoundException ex) { Logger.getLogger(MyHash.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex); } try { while ((text = in.readLine()) != null){ text = text.trim(); words = text.split("\\s+"); for (int i = 0; i < words.length; i++){ list.add(words[i]); } for (int j = 0; j < reserved.length; j++){ if (list.contains(reserved[j])){ list.remove(reserved[j]); } } } } catch (IOException ex) { Logger.getLogger(MyHash.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex); } try { in.close(); } catch (IOException ex) { Logger.getLogger(MyHash.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex); } } public static int keyIt (int x) { int key = x % 997; return key; } public static int horner (String word){ int length = word.length(); char[] letters = new char[length]; for (int i = 0; i < length; i++){ letters[i]=word.charAt(i); } char[] alphabet = new char[26]; String abc = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"; for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++){ alphabet[i]=abc.charAt(i); } int[] numbers = new int[length]; int place = 0; for (int i = 0; i < length; i++){ for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++){ if (alphabet[j]==letters[i]){ numbers[place]=j+1; place++; } } } int hornered = numbers[0] * 32; for (int i = 1; i < numbers.length; i++){ hornered += numbers[i]; if (i == numbers.length -1){ return hornered; } hornered = hornered % 997; hornered *= 32; } return hornered; } public static String[] makeReserved (){ reserved[0] = "abstract"; reserved[1] = "assert"; reserved[2] = "boolean"; reserved[3] = "break"; reserved[4] = "byte"; reserved[5] = "case"; reserved[6] = "catch"; reserved[7] = "char"; reserved[8] = "class"; reserved[9] = "const"; reserved[10] = "continue"; reserved[11] = "default"; reserved[12] = "do"; reserved[13] = "double"; reserved[14] = "else"; reserved[15] = "enum"; reserved[16] = "extends"; reserved[17] = "false"; reserved[18] = "final"; reserved[19] = "finally"; reserved[20] = "float"; reserved[21] = "for"; reserved[22] = "goto"; reserved[23] = "if"; reserved[24] = "implements"; reserved[25] = "import"; reserved[26] = "instanceof"; reserved[27] = "int"; reserved[28] = "interface"; reserved[29] = "long"; reserved[30] = "native"; reserved[31] = "new"; reserved[32] = "null"; reserved[33] = "package"; reserved[34] = "private"; reserved[35] = "protected"; reserved[36] = "public"; reserved[37] = "return"; reserved[38] = "short"; reserved[39] = "static"; reserved[40] = "strictfp"; reserved[41] = "super"; reserved[42] = "switch"; reserved[43] = "synchronize"; reserved[44] = "this"; reserved[45] = "throw"; reserved[46] = "throws"; reserved[47] = "trasient"; reserved[48] = "true"; reserved[49] = "try"; reserved[50] = "void"; reserved[51] = "volatile"; reserved[52] = "while"; reserved[53] = "="; reserved[54] = "=="; reserved[55] = "!="; reserved[56] = "+"; reserved[57] = "-"; reserved[58] = "*"; reserved[59] = "/"; reserved[60] = "{"; reserved[61] = "}"; return reserved; } }

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• Best practice for inserting large chunks of HTML into elements with Javscript?

  - by hamstar

  Hey guys. I'm building a web application (using prototype) at the moment that requires the addition of large chunks of HTML into the DOM. Most of these are rows that contain elements with all manner of attributes. Currently I keep a blank row of html in a variable and var blankRow = '<tr><td>' +'<a href="{LINK}" onclick="someFunc(\'{STRING}\');">{WORD}</a>' +'</td></tr>'; function insertRow(o) { newRow = blankRow .sub('{LINK}',o.link) .sub('{STRING}',o.string) .sub('{WORD}',o.word); $('tbodyElem').insert( newRow ); } Now that works all well and dandy, but is it the best practice? I have to update the code in the blankRow when I update code on the page, so the new elements being inserted are the same. It gets sucky when I have like 40 lines of HTML to go in a blankRow and then I have to escape it too. Is there an easier way? I was thinking of urlencoding and then decoding it before insertion but that would still mean a blankRow and lots of escaping. What would be mean would be a eof function a la PHP et al. $blankRow = <<<EOF text text EOF; That would mean no escaping but it would still need a blankRow. What do you do in this situation?

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• Is there an x86 or x64 emulator that passes system calls back to the Windows API?

  - by Chris Lomont

  I want to emulate windows programs (not VM, true emulation) under windows. This would require the emulator to make calls back to the system APIs, but the program itself would be emulated. The reason is I want to change the opcode formats for research purposes. The process should be: Take existing program. Disassemble and then reassemble with my new opcode formats. Put the new format into the PE with a stub calling the emulator and passing the new code. The emulator would have to pass system calls from the emulated side back to windows API calls. I can do all these steps, except I need an open source emulator with the ability to pass the API calls out. I could try Bochs or QEMU, but I think I'd have to add in the system calls, which I could do if needed. I wonder if there is already something closer to what I need. I know I would have to change the instruction decoding in the emulator to match my new formats, but that is a given. Thanks.

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• A "Trig" Calculating Class

  - by Clinton Scott

  I have been trying to create a gui that calculates trigonometric functions based off of the user's input. I have had success in the GUI part, but my class that I wrote to hold information using inheritance seems to be messed up, because when I run it gives an error saying: Exception in thread "main" java.lang.RuntimeException: Uncompilable source code - constructor ArcTrigCalcCon in class TrigCalc.ArcTrigCalcCon cannot be applied to given types; required: double,double,double,double,double,double found: java.lang.Double,java.lang.Double,java.lang.Double reason: actual and formal argument lists differ in length at TrigCalc.TrigCalcGUI.(TrigCalcGUI.java:31) at TrigCalc.TrigCalcGUI.main(TrigCalcGUI.java:87) Java Result: 1 and says it is the object causing the problem. Below Will be my code. First I will put up my inheritance class with cosecant secant and cotangent and then my original class with the original 3 trig functions: { public ArcTrigCalcCon(double s, double cs, double t, double csc, double sc, double ct) { // Inherit from the Trig Calc class super(s, cs, t); cosecant = 1/s; secant = 1/cs; cotangent = 1/t; } public void setCsc(double csc) { cosecant = csc; } public void setSec(double sc) { secant = sc; } public void setCot(double ct) { cotangent = ct; } } Here is the first Trigonometric class: public class TrigCalcCon { public double sine; public double cosine; public double tangent; public TrigCalcCon(double s, double cs, double t) { sine = s; cosine = cs; tangent = t; } public void setSin(double s) { sine = s; } public void setCos(double cs) { cosine = cs; } public void setTan(double t) { tangent = t; } public void set(double s, double cs, double t) { sine = s; cosine = cs; tangent = t; } public double getSin() { return Math.sin(sine); } public double getCos() { return Math.cos(cosine); } public double getTan() { return Math.tan(tangent); } } and here is the demo class to run the gui: public class TrigCalcGUI extends JFrame implements ActionListener { // Instance Variables private String input; private Double s, cs, t, csc, sc, ct; private JPanel mainPanel, sinPanel, cosPanel, tanPanel, cscPanel, secPanel, cotPanel, buttonPanel, inputPanel, displayPanel; // Panel Display private JLabel sinLabel, cosLabel, tanLabel, secLabel, cscLabel, cotLabel, inputLabel; private JTextField sinTF, cosTF, tanTF, secTF, cscTF, cotTF, inputTF; //Text Fields for sin, cos, and tan, and inverse private JButton calcButton, clearButton; // Calculate and Exit Buttons // Object ArcTrigCalcCon trC = new ArcTrigCalcCon(s, cs, t); public TrigCalcGUI() { // title bar text. super("Trig Calculator"); // Corner exit button action. setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); // Create main panel to add each panel to mainPanel = new JPanel(); mainPanel.setLayout(new GridLayout(3,2)); displayPanel = new JPanel(); displayPanel.setLayout(new GridLayout(3,2)); // Assign Panel to each variable inputPanel = new JPanel(); sinPanel = new JPanel(); cosPanel = new JPanel(); tanPanel = new JPanel(); cscPanel = new JPanel(); secPanel = new JPanel(); cotPanel = new JPanel(); buttonPanel = new JPanel(); // Call each constructor buildInputPanel(); buildSinCosTanPanels(); buildCscSecCotPanels(); buildButtonPanel(); // Add each panel to content pane displayPanel.add(sinPanel); displayPanel.add(cscPanel); displayPanel.add(cosPanel); displayPanel.add(secPanel); displayPanel.add(tanPanel); displayPanel.add(cotPanel); // Add three content panes to GUI mainPanel.add(inputPanel, BorderLayout.NORTH); mainPanel.add(displayPanel, BorderLayout.CENTER); mainPanel.add(buttonPanel, BorderLayout.SOUTH); //add mainPanel this.add(mainPanel); // size of window to content this.pack(); // display window setVisible(true); } public static void main(String[] args) { new TrigCalcGUI(); } private void buildInputPanel() { inputLabel = new JLabel("Enter a Value: "); inputTF = new JTextField(5); inputPanel.add(inputLabel); inputPanel.add(inputTF); } // Building Constructor for sinPanel cosPanel, and tanPanel private void buildSinCosTanPanels() { // Set layout and border for sinPanel sinPanel.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,2)); sinPanel.setBorder(BorderFactory.createTitledBorder("Sine")); // sinTF = new JTextField(5); sinTF.setEditable(false); sinPanel.add(sinTF); // Set layout and border for cosPanel cosPanel.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,2)); cosPanel.setBorder(BorderFactory.createTitledBorder("Cosine")); cosTF = new JTextField(5); cosTF.setEditable(false); cosPanel.add(cosTF); // Set layout and border for tanPanel tanPanel.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,2)); tanPanel.setBorder(BorderFactory.createTitledBorder("Tangent")); tanTF = new JTextField(5); tanTF.setEditable(false); tanPanel.add(tanTF); } // Building Constructor for cscPanel secPanel, and cotPanel private void buildCscSecCotPanels() { // Set layout and border for cscPanel cscPanel.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,2)); cscPanel.setBorder(BorderFactory.createTitledBorder("Cosecant")); // cscTF = new JTextField(5); cscTF.setEditable(false); cscPanel.add(cscTF); // Set layout and border for secPanel secPanel.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,2)); secPanel.setBorder(BorderFactory.createTitledBorder("Secant")); secTF = new JTextField(5); secTF.setEditable(false); secPanel.add(secTF); // Set layout and border for cotPanel cotPanel.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,2)); cotPanel.setBorder(BorderFactory.createTitledBorder("Cotangent")); cotTF = new JTextField(5); cotTF.setEditable(false); cotPanel.add(cotTF); } private void buildButtonPanel() { // Create buttons and add events calcButton = new JButton("Calculate"); calcButton.addActionListener(new CalcButtonListener()); clearButton = new JButton("Clear"); clearButton.addActionListener(new ClearButtonListener()); buttonPanel.add(calcButton); buttonPanel.add(clearButton); } @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { } private class CalcButtonListener implements ActionListener { public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent ae) { // Declare boolean variable boolean incorrect = true; // Set input variable to input text field text input = inputTF.getText(); ImageIcon newIcon; ImageIcon frowny = new ImageIcon(TrigCalcGUI.class.getResource("/Sad_Face.png")); Image gm = frowny.getImage(); Image newFrowny = gm.getScaledInstance(100, 100, java.awt.Image.SCALE_FAST); newIcon = new ImageIcon(newFrowny); // If boolean is true, throw exception if(incorrect) { try{Double.parseDouble(input); incorrect = false;} catch(NumberFormatException nfe) { String s = "Invalid Input " + "/n Input Must Be a Numerical value." + "/nPlease Press Ok and Try Again"; JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, s, "Invalid", JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE, newIcon); inputTF.setText(""); inputTF.requestFocus(); } } // If boolean is not true, proceed with output if (incorrect != true) { /* Set each text field's output to the String double value * of inputTF */ sinTF.setText(input); cosTF.setText(input); tanTF.setText(input); cscTF.setText(input); secTF.setText(input); cotTF.setText(input); } } } /** * Private inner class that handles the event when * the user clicks the Exit button. */ private class ClearButtonListener implements ActionListener { public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent ae) { // Clear field sinTF.setText(""); cosTF.setText(""); tanTF.setText(""); cscTF.setText(""); secTF.setText(""); cotTF.setText(""); // Clear textfield and set cursor focus to field inputTF.setText(""); inputTF.requestFocus(); } } }

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• Submiting a Form without Refreshing the page with jQuery and Ajax Not updating MySQL database.

  - by HEEEEEEELP

  I'm a newbie to JQuery and have a problem, when I click submit button on the form everything says registration was successful but my MYSQL database was not updated everything worked fine until I tried to add the JQuery to the picture. Can someone help me fix this problem so my database is updated? Thanks Here is the JQuery code. $(function() { $(".save-button").click(function() { var address = $("#address").val(); var address_two = $("#address_two").val(); var city_town = $("#city_town").val(); var state_province = $("#state_province").val(); var zipcode = $("#zipcode").val(); var country = $("#country").val(); var email = $("#email").val(); var dataString = 'address='+ address + '&address_two=' + address_two + '&city_town=' + city_town + '&state_province=' + state_province + '&zipcode=' + zipcode + '&country=' + country + '$email=' + email; if(address=='' || address_two=='' || city_town=='' || state_province=='' || zipcode=='' || country=='' || email=='') { $('.success').fadeOut(200).hide(); $('.error').fadeOut(200).show(); } else { $.ajax({ type: "POST", url: "http://localhost/New%20Project/home/index.php", data: dataString, success: function(){ $('.success').fadeIn(200).show(); $('.error').fadeOut(200).hide(); } }); } return false; }); }); Here is the PHP code. if (isset($_POST['contact_info_submitted'])) { // Handle the form. // Query member data from the database and ready it for display $mysqli = mysqli_connect("localhost", "root", "", "sitename"); $dbc = mysqli_query($mysqli,"SELECT users.*, contact_info.* FROM users INNER JOIN contact_info ON contact_info.user_id = users.user_id WHERE users.user_id=3"); $user_id = mysqli_real_escape_string($mysqli, htmlentities('3')); $address = mysqli_real_escape_string($mysqli, htmlentities($_POST['address'])); $address_two = mysqli_real_escape_string($mysqli, htmlentities($_POST['address_two'])); $city_town = mysqli_real_escape_string($mysqli, htmlentities($_POST['city_town'])); $state_province = mysqli_real_escape_string($mysqli, htmlentities($_POST['state_province'])); $zipcode = mysqli_real_escape_string($mysqli, htmlentities($_POST['zipcode'])); $country = mysqli_real_escape_string($mysqli, htmlentities($_POST['country'])); $email = mysqli_real_escape_string($mysqli, strip_tags($_POST['email'])); //If the table is not found add it to the database if (mysqli_num_rows($dbc) == 0) { $mysqli = mysqli_connect("localhost", "root", "", "sitename"); $dbc = mysqli_query($mysqli,"INSERT INTO contact_info (user_id, address, address_two, city_town, state_province, zipcode, country, email) VALUES ('$user_id', '$address', '$address_two', '$city_town', '$state_province', '$zipcode', '$country', '$email')"); } //If the table is in the database update each field when needed if ($dbc == TRUE) { $dbc = mysqli_query($mysqli,"UPDATE contact_info SET address = '$address', address_two = '$address_two', city_town = '$city_town', state_province = '$state_province', zipcode = '$zipcode', country = '$country', email = '$email' WHERE user_id = '$user_id'"); } if (!$dbc) { // There was an error...do something about it here... print mysqli_error($mysqli); return; } } Here is the XHTML code. <form method="post" action="index.php"> <fieldset> <ul> <li><label for="address">Address 1: </label><input type="text" name="address" id="address" size="25" class="input-size" value="<?php if (isset($_POST['address'])) { echo $_POST['address']; } else if(!empty($address)) { echo $address; } ?>" /></li> <li><label for="address_two">Address 2: </label><input type="text" name="address_two" id="address_two" size="25" class="input-size" value="<?php if (isset($_POST['address_two'])) { echo $_POST['address_two']; } else if(!empty($address_two)) { echo $address_two; } ?>" /></li> <li><label for="city_town">City/Town: </label><input type="text" name="city_town" id="city_town" size="25" class="input-size" value="<?php if (isset($_POST['city_town'])) { echo $_POST['city_town']; } else if(!empty($city_town)) { echo $city_town; } ?>" /></li> <li><label for="state_province">State/Province: </label> <?php echo '<select name="state_province" id="state_province">' . "\n"; foreach($state_options as $option) { if ($option == $state_province) { echo '<option value="' . $option . '" selected="selected">' . $option . '</option>' . "\n"; } else { echo '<option value="'. $option . '">' . $option . '</option>'."\n"; } } echo '</select>'; ?> </li> <li><label for="zipcode">Zip/Post Code: </label><input type="text" name="zipcode" id="zipcode" size="5" class="input-size" value="<?php if (isset($_POST['zipcode'])) { echo $_POST['zipcode']; } else if(!empty($zipcode)) { echo $zipcode; } ?>" /></li> <li><label for="country">Country: </label> <?php echo '<select name="country" id="country">' . "\n"; foreach($countries as $option) { if ($option == $country) { echo '<option value="' . $option . '" selected="selected">' . $option . '</option>' . "\n"; } else if($option == "-------------") { echo '<option value="' . $option . '" disabled="disabled">' . $option . '</option>'; } else { echo '<option value="'. $option . '">' . $option . '</option>'."\n"; } } echo '</select>'; ?> </li> <li><label for="email">Email Address: </label><input type="text" name="email" id="email" size="25" class="input-size" value="<?php if (isset($_POST['email'])) { echo $_POST['email']; } else if(!empty($email)) { echo $email; } ?>" /><br /><span>We don't spam or share your email with third parties. We respect your privacy.</span></li> <li><input type="submit" name="submit" value="Save Changes" class="save-button" /> <input type="hidden" name="contact_info_submitted" value="true" /> <input type="submit" name="submit" value="Preview Changes" class="preview-changes-button" /></li> </ul> </fieldset> </form>

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• Web Audio API and mobile browsers

  - by Michael

  I've run into a problem while implementing sound and music into an HTML game that I'm building. I'm using the Web Audio API, loading all the sound files with XMLHttpRequests and decoding them into an AudioBufferSourceNode with AudioContext.prototype.decodeAudioData(). It looks something like this: var request = new XMLHttpRequest(); request.open("GET", "soundfile.ogg", true); request.responseType = "arraybuffer"; request.onload = function() { context.decodeAudioData(request.response) } request.send(); Everything plays fine, but on mobile the decodeAudioData takes an absurdly long time for the background music. I then tried using AudioContext.prototype.createMediaElementSource() to load the music from an HTML Audio object, since they support streaming and don't have to load the whole file into memory at once. It looked something like this: var audio = new Audio('soundfile.ogg'); var source = context.createMediaElementSource(audio); var mainVolume = context.createGain(); source.connect(mainVolume); mainVolume.connect(context.destination); This loads much faster, but the audio volume isn't affected by the gain node. Works fine on desktop, so I'm assuming this is a bug/limitation of mobile Chrome (testing on Android). Is there actually no good, well-performing way to handle sound on mobile browsers or am just I doing something stupid?

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• Stuck with a Base64 Decode (php)

  - by jay

  I started decoding a footer from a template but this is pretty much as far as I got since im a noobie @ php. Any assstance will be appreciated as I'm pretty suck. Here's the original file: $o="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"; eval(base64_decode("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")) Here's what I got it down to: $lllllllllll='base64_decode'; $llllllllll='ord'; $lllllllllllll='strlen'; $llllllllllll='chr'; $lllllllll="?".$llllllllllll(62); $lllllllll.=$llllllllll.$llllllllllll(60)."?"; $lll=0;$code=(base64_decode("JGxsbGxsbGxsbGxsPSdiYXNlNjRfZGVjb2RlJzs="));echo $code;eval(base64_decode("JGxsbGxsbGxsbGxsPSdiYXNlNjRfZGVjb2RlJzs="));$ll=0;$code=($lllllllllll("JGxsbGxsbGxsbGw9J29yZCc7"));echo $code;eval($lllllllllll("JGxsbGxsbGxsbGw9J29yZCc7"));$llll=0;$lllll=3;$code=($lllllllllll("JGw9JGxsbGxsbGxsbGxsKCRvKTs="));echo $code;eval($lllllllllll("JGw9JGxsbGxsbGxsbGxsKCRvKTs="));$lllllll=0;$llllll=($llllllllll($l[1])<<8)+$llllllllll($l[2]);$code=($lllllllllll("JGxsbGxsbGxsbGxsbGw9J3N0cmxlbic7"));echo $code;eval($lllllllllll("JGxsbGxsbGxsbGxsbGw9J3N0cmxlbic7"));$lllllllll=16;$llllllll="";for(;$lllll<$lllllllllllll($l);){if($lllllllll==0){$llllll=($llllllllll($l[$lllll++])<<8);$llllll+=$llllllllll($l[$lllll++]);$lllllllll=16;}if($llllll&0x8000){$lll=($llllllllll($l[$lllll++])<<4);$lll+=($llllllllll($l[$lllll])>>4);if($lll){$ll=($llllllllll($l[$lllll++])&0x0f)+3;for($llll=0;$llll<$ll;$llll++)$llllllll[$lllllll+$llll]=$llllllll[$lllllll-$lll+$llll];$lllllll+=$ll;}else{$ll=($llllllllll($l[$lllll++])<<8);$ll+=$llllllllll($l[$lllll++])+16;for($llll=0;$llll<$ll;$llllllll[$lllllll+$llll++]=$llllllllll($l[$lllll]));$lllll++;$lllllll+=$ll;}}else$llllllll[$lllllll++]=$llllllllll($l[$lllll++]);$llllll<<=1;$lllllllll--;}$code=($lllllllllll("JGxsbGxsbGxsbGxsbD0nY2hyJzs="));echo $code;eval($lllllllllll("JGxsbGxsbGxsbGxsbD0nY2hyJzs="));$lllll=0;$code=($lllllllllll("JGxsbGxsbGxsbD0iPyIuJGxsbGxsbGxsbGxsbCg2Mik7"));echo $code;eval($lllllllllll("JGxsbGxsbGxsbD0iPyIuJGxsbGxsbGxsbGxsbCg2Mik7"));$llllllllll="";for(;$lllll<$lllllll;){$llllllllll.=$llllllllllll($llllllll[$lllll++]^0x07);}$code=($lllllllllll("JGxsbGxsbGxsbC49JGxsbGxsbGxsbGwuJGxsbGxsbGxsbGxsbCg2MCkuIj8iOw=="));echo $code;eval($lllllllllll("JGxsbGxsbGxsbC49JGxsbGxsbGxsbGwuJGxsbGxsbGxsbGxsbCg2MCkuIj8iOw=="));$code=($lllllllll);echo $code;eval($lllllllll);

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• Faster quadrature decoder loops with Python code

  - by Kelei

  I'm working with a BeagleBone Black and using Adafruit's IO Python library. Wrote a simple quadrature decoding function and it works perfectly fine when the motor runs at about 1800 RPM. But when the motor runs at higher speeds, the code starts missing some of the interrupts and the encoder counts start to accumulate errors. Do you guys have any suggestions as to how I can make the code more efficient or if there are functions which can cycle the interrupts at a higher frequency. Thanks, Kel Here's the code: # Define encoder count function def encodercount(term): global counts global Encoder_A global Encoder_A_old global Encoder_B global Encoder_B_old global error Encoder_A = GPIO.input('P8_7') # stores the value of the encoders at time of interrupt Encoder_B = GPIO.input('P8_8') if Encoder_A == Encoder_A_old and Encoder_B == Encoder_B_old: # this will be an error error += 1 print 'Error count is %s' %error elif (Encoder_A == 1 and Encoder_B_old == 0) or (Encoder_A == 0 and Encoder_B_old == 1): # this will be clockwise rotation counts += 1 print 'Encoder count is %s' %counts print 'AB is %s %s' % (Encoder_A, Encoder_B) elif (Encoder_A == 1 and Encoder_B_old == 1) or (Encoder_A == 0 and Encoder_B_old == 0): # this will be counter-clockwise rotation counts -= 1 print 'Encoder count is %s' %counts print 'AB is %s %s' % (Encoder_A, Encoder_B) else: #this will be an error as well error += 1 print 'Error count is %s' %error Encoder_A_old = Encoder_A # store the current encoder values as old values to be used as comparison in the next loop Encoder_B_old = Encoder_B # Initialize the interrupts - these trigger on the both the rising and falling GPIO.add_event_detect('P8_7', GPIO.BOTH, callback = encodercount) # Encoder A GPIO.add_event_detect('P8_8', GPIO.BOTH, callback = encodercount) # Encoder B # This is the part of the code which runs normally in the background while True: time.sleep(1)

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• JSON Array Created in PHP/MySQL incorrectly decoded using JQuery

  - by Zak

  I am attempting to make an AJAX call to a very small PHP script that should return me an array that could be echo'd and decoded using JQuery. Here is what I have: My PHP page called to by AJAX: $web_q=mysql_query("select * from sec_u_g where uid='$id' "); $rs = array(); while($rs[] = mysql_fetch_assoc($web_q)) { } print_r(json_encode($rs)); This outputs: [{"id":"3","uid":"39","gid":"16"},{"id":"4","uid":"39","gid":"4"},{"id":"5","uid":"39","gid":"5"},{"id":"6","uid":"39","gid":"6"},{"id":"7","uid":"39","gid":"7"},{"id":"8","uid":"39","gid":"8"},{"id":"9","uid":"39","gid":"9"},false] I don't understand the "false" at the end for one .. But then I send to to JQuery and use: $.each(json.result, function(i, object) { $.each(object, function(property, value) { alert(property + "=" + value); }); }); This just fails. I try to alert "result" by itself which is set by: $.post("get_ug.php",{id:txt},function(result){ }); My output alerts are as follows: 1) The key is '0' and the value is '[' 2) The key is '1' and the value is 'f' 3) The key is '2' and the value is 'a' 4) The key is '3' and the value is 'l' 5) The key is '4' and the value is 's' 6) The key is '5' and the value is 'e' 7) The key is '6' and the value is ']' 8) The key is '7' and the value is ' ' (<-- Yes the line break is there in the alert) I am exhausted from trying different ideas and scripts. Other than setting a delimiter myself and concatenating my own array and decoding it with a custom script, does anyone have any ideas?? Thank you!!

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