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• Database Design Composite Keys

  - by guazz

  I am going to use a contrived example: one headquarter has one-or-many contacts. A contact can only belong to one headquarter. TableName = Headquarter Column 0 = Id : Guid [PK] Column 1 = Name : nvarchar(100) Column 2 = IsAnotherAttribute: bool TableName = ContactInformation Column 0 = Id : Guid [PK] Column 1 = HeadquarterId: Guid [FK] Column 2 = AddressLine1 COlumn 3 = AddressLine2 Column 4 = AddressLine3 I would like some help setting the table primary keys and foreign keys here? How does the above look? Should I use a composite key for ContactInformation on [Column 0 and Column1]? Is it ok to use surrogate key all of the time?

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• Subroutine & GoTo design

  - by sub

  I have a strange question concerning subroutines: As I'm creating a minimal language and I don't want to add high-level loops like while or for I was planning on just adding gotos to keep it Turing-Complete. Now I thought, eww - gotos - I wouldn't want to program in that language if I had to use gotos so often. So I thought about adding subroutines instead. I see the difference as the following: gotos Go to (captain obvious) a previously defined point and continue executing the program from there. Leads to hardly understandable and buggy code, I think that's a fact. subroutines Similiar: You define their starting point somewhere, as you call them the program jumps there - but the subroutine can go back to the point it was called from with return. Okay. Why didn't I just add the more function-like, nice looking subroutines? Because: In order to make return work if I call subroutines from within subroutines from within other subroutines, I'd have to use a stack containing the point where the currently running subroutine came from at top. That would then mean that I would, if I create loops using the subroutines, end up with an extremely memory-eating, overflowing stack with return locations. Not good. Don't think of my subroutines as functions. They are just gotos that return to the point they were called from, they don't actually give back values like the return x; statement in nearly all today's languages. Now to my actual questions: How can I solve the above problem with the stack overflow on loops with subroutines? Do I have to add a separate goto language construct without the return option? Assembler doesn't have loops but as I have seen myJumpPoint:, jnz, jz, retn. That means to me that there must also be a stack containing all the return locations. Am I right with that? What about long running loops then? Don't they overflow the stack/eat memory then? Am I getting the retn symbol in assembler totally wrong? If yes, please explain it to me.

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• Design pattern to use instead of multiple inheritance

  - by mizipzor

  Coming from a C++ background, Im used to multiple inheritance. I like the feeling of a shotgun squarely aimed at my foot. Nowadays, I work more in C# and Java, where you can only inherit one baseclass but implement any number of interfaces (did I get the terminology right?). For example, lets consider two classes that implement a common interface but different (yet required) baseclasses: public class TypeA : CustomButtonUserControl, IMagician { public void DoMagic() { // ... } } public class TypeB : CustomTextUserControl, IMagician { public void DoMagic() { // ... } } Both classes are UserControls so I cant substitute the base class. Both needs to implement the DoMagic function. My problem now is that both implementations of the function are identical. And I hate copy-and-paste code. The (possible) solutions: I naturally want TypeA and TypeB to share a common baseclass, where I can write that identical function definition just once. However, due to having the limit of just one baseclass, I cant find a place along the hierarchy where it fits. One could also try to implement a sort of composite pattern. Putting the DoMagic function in a separate helper class, but the function here needs (and modifies) quite a lot of internal variables/fields. Sending them all as (reference) parameters would just look bad. My gut tells me that the adapter pattern could have a place here, some class to convert between the two when necessery. But it also feels hacky. I tagged this with language-agnostic since it applies to all languages that use this one-baseclass-many-interfaces approach. Also, please point out if I seem to have misunderstood any of the patterns I named. In C++ I would just make a class with the private fields, that function implementation and put it in the inheritance list. Whats the proper approach in C#/Java and the like?

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• Flexible design - customizable entity model, UI and workflow

  - by Ngm

  Hi All, I want to achieve the following aspects in the software I am building: 1. Customizable entity model 2. Customizable UI 3. Customizable workflow I have thought about an approach to achieve this, I want you to review this and make suggestions: Entity objects should be plain objects and will hold just data Separate Entity model and DB Schema by using an framework (like NHibernate?). This will allow easy modification of entity objects. Business logic to fetch/modify entities has to be granular enough so that they can be invoked as part of the workflow. Business objects should not hold any state, and hence will contain only static methods The workflow will decide depending upon the "state" of an entity/entities which methods on business object/objects to invoke. The workflow should obtain the results of the processing and then pass on the business objects to the appropriate UI screen. The UI screen has to contain instructions about how to display a given entity/entites. Possibly the UI has to be generated dynamically based on a set of UI instructions. (like XUL) What do you think about this approach? Suggest which existing frameworks (like NHiberante, Window Workflow) fit into this model, so that I will not spend time on coding these frameworks Also suggest is there any asp.net framework that can generate dynamic asp.net ajax pages based on a set of UI instructions (like Mozilla XUL)? I have recently been exploring Apache Ofbiz and was impressed by its ability to customize most areas of the application: UI, workflow, entities. Is there any similar (not necessarily an ERP system) application developed in C#/.Net which offers a similar level of customization? I am looking for examples of applications developed in C# that are highly customizable in terms of UI, Workflow and Entity Model

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• Design Patterns - Factory vs Abstract Factory

  - by JMSA

  What is the basic difference between Factory and Abstract Factory Patterns?

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• Java annotations for design patterns?

  - by Greg Mattes

  Is there a project that maintains annotations for patterns? For example, when I write a builder, I want to mark it with @Builder. Annotating in this way immediately provides a clear idea of what the code implements. Also, the Javadoc of the @Builder annotation can reference explanations of the builder pattern. Furthermore, navigating from the Javadoc of a builder implementation to @Builder Javadoc is made easy by annotating @Builder with @Documented. I've being slowing accumulating a small set of such annotations for patterns and idioms that I have in my code, but I'd like to leverage a more complete existing project if it exists. If there is no such project, maybe I can share what I have by spinning it off to a separate pattern/idiom annotation project. Update: I've created the Pattern Notes project in response to this discussion. Contributions welcome! Here is @Builder

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• using PHP for "Fluid" design(using viewport resolution)

  - by Jreeter

  I need some opinions on using PHP to make completely "scalable" websites.. For instance, using viewport resolution and resizing images, applying dynamic css styles..... In my mind doing this just add's to the complexity and should not be done, it should be fixed or fluid using strictly css and no server-side languages to generate layouts based on the device size.. I need some input and maybe some philosophy on why using this approach is not used at all..

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• Design a GUI browser to view a tree

  - by iamrohitbanga

  I have a large tree. I want to be able to visualize it using a GUI tool. I want the ability to pan and zoom the tree image so that i can focus on part of the tree. Is there an existing tool to achieve this? If not i would like to write a small tool for myself to be able to do this. what is the simplest way of doing this? what computer language should i use? the image should look something like http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/df/Binary_tree.png I should be able to zoom and pan the image.

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• Design question what pattern to use

  - by rahul

  Problem Description: We have a requirement of storing the snapshot of an entity temporarily in the database untill a certain period of time untill all the processes to approve the data are completed. Once all approvals are completed the data shall be permanantly persisted into the actual table. Example: 1) Consider an entity called "User". One way to create the user is through the "Create Account Process". 2) The "Create Account Process" shall capture all the information of the User and store it in a temporary table in the database. 3) The data shall be used by the "Account Approval Process" to run its verification process. 4. After all the verification is completed successfully, the User data shall be persisted to the actual table. Question: Where to store the user data entered during "Create Account Process". Additionally, User data should be editable till the verification process is complete.

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• How to design this class hierarchy?

  - by devoured elysium

  I have defined an Event class: Event and all the following classes inherit from Event: AEvent BEvent CEvent DEvent Now, with the info I gather from all these Event classes, I will make a chart. With AEvent and BEvent, I will generate points for that chart, while with CEvent and DEvent I will paint certain regions of the chart. Now, how should I signal this in my class hierarchy? Should I make AEvent and BEvent inherit from PointEvent while CEvent and DEvent inherit from RegionEvent, being that both RegionEvent and PointEvent inherit from Event? Should I add a field with an Enum to Event with 2 values, Point and Region, and each of the child classes set their value to it? Should I use some kind of pattern here? Which one? Thanks.

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• Buddy List: Relational Database Table Design

  - by huntaub

  So, the modern concept of the buddy list: Let's say we have a table called Person. Now, that Person needs to have many buddies (of which each buddy is also in the person class). The most obvious way to construct a relationship would be through a join table. i.e. buddyID person1_id person2_id 0 1 2 1 3 6 But, when a user wants to see their buddy list, the program would have to check the column 'person1_id' and 'person2_id' to find all of their buddies. Is this the appropriate way to implement this kind of table, or would it be better to add the record twice.. i.e. buddyID person1_id person2_id 0 1 2 1 2 1 So that only one column has to be searched. Thanks in advance.

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• Does this inheritance design belong in the database?

  - by Berryl

  === CLARIFICATION ==== The 'answers' older than March are not answers to the question in this post! Hello In my domain I need to track allocations of time spent on Activities by resources. There are two general types of Activities of interest - ones base on a Project and ones based on an Account. The notion of Project and Account have other features totally unrelated to both each other and capturing allocations of time, and each is modeled as a table in the database. For a given Allocation of time however, it makes sense to not care whether the allocation was made to either a Project or an Account, so an ActivityBase class abstracts away the difference. An ActivityBase is either a ProjectActivity or an AccountingActivity (object model is below). Back to the database though, there is no direct value in having tables for ProjectActivity and AccountingActivity. BUT the Allocation table needs to store something in the column for it's ActivityBase. Should that something be the Id of the Project / Account or a reference to tables for ProjectActivity / Accounting? How would the mapping look? === Current Db Mapping (Fluent) ==== Below is how the mapping currently looks: public class ActivityBaseMap : IAutoMappingOverride<ActivityBase> { public void Override(AutoMapping<ActivityBase> mapping) { //mapping.IgnoreProperty(x => x.BusinessId); //mapping.IgnoreProperty(x => x.Description); //mapping.IgnoreProperty(x => x.TotalTime); mapping.IgnoreProperty(x => x.UniqueId); } } public class AccountingActivityMap : SubclassMap<AccountingActivity> { public void Override(AutoMapping<AccountingActivity> mapping) { mapping.References(x => x.Account); } } public class ProjectActivityMap : SubclassMap<ProjectActivity> { public void Override(AutoMapping<ProjectActivity> mapping) { mapping.References(x => x.Project); } } There are two odd smells here. Firstly, the inheritance chain adds nothing in the way of properties - it simply adapts Projects and Accounts into a common interface so that either can be used in an Allocation. Secondly, the properties in the ActivityBase interface are redundant to keep in the db, since that information is available in Projects and Accounts. Cheers, Berryl ==== Domain ===== public class Allocation : Entity { ... public virtual ActivityBase Activity { get; private set; } ... } public abstract class ActivityBase : Entity { public virtual string BusinessId { get; protected set; } public virtual string Description { get; protected set; } public virtual ICollection<Allocation> Allocations { get { return _allocations.Values; } } public virtual TimeQuantity TotalTime { get { return TimeQuantity.Hours(Allocations.Sum(x => x.TimeSpent.Amount)); } } } public class ProjectActivity : ActivityBase { public virtual Project Project { get; private set; } public ProjectActivity(Project project) { BusinessId = project.Code.ToString(); Description = project.Description; Project = project; } }

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• Is factory method proper design for my problem?

  - by metdos

  Hello Everyone, here is my problem and I'm considering to use factory method in C++, what are your opinions ? There are a Base Class and a lot of Subclasses. I need to transfer objects on network via TCP. I will create objects in first side, and using this object I will create a byte array TCP message, and send it to other side. On the other side I will decompose TCP message, I will create object and I will add this object to a polymorphic queue.

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• Database design for heavy timed data logging

  - by user293995

  Hi, I have an application where I receive each data 40.000 rows. I have 5 million rows to handle (500 Mb MySQL 5.0 database). Actually, thoses rows are stored in the same table = slow to update, hard to backup, ... Which king of scheme is used in such application to allow long term accessibility to the datas without problems with too big tables, easy backup, fast read / write ? Is postgresql better than mysql for such purpose ? Thanks in advance BEst regards

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• Tag, comment, rating, etc. database design

  - by Efe Kaptan

  I want to implement modules such as comment, rating, tag, etc. to my entities. What I thought was: comments_table - comment_id, comment_text entity1 - entitity1_id, entity1_text entity2 - entitity2_id, entity2_text entity1_comments - entity1_id, comment_id entity2_comments - entity2_id, comment_id .... Is this approach correct?

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• DB Design Question

  - by hazimdikenli

  I am designing an Org Chart, model is almost ready and simplified a bit for clarity here. OrgUnit (OrgUnitId, Name, ReportsToOrgUnitId, ...) OrgUnitJobs (OrgUnitJobId, OrgUnitId, JobName, ReportsToOrgUnitJobId, ... ,IsJobGroup) Employee (EmployeeId, ........) OrgUnitJobEmployee (OrgUnitJobId, EmployeeId, AssignedDate, .....,) so I want to know every OrgUnit's ManagerEmployee (should have one), and Employees can have more than one job, but one of them has to be the main job, so I know whats his manager and other stuff. This is going to support a little workflow behind the scnese, so that is why it is not a very simple Org chart Model. so what would you do, would you add properties like (IsManager property to OrgUnitJobs model) or add ManagerOrgUnitJobId to OrgUnitModel. and why? Likewise, for employees would you add IsPrimaryJob property to OrgUnitJobEmployee model, or add PrimaryJobId to Employee Model.

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• quantity of measurable units design pattern

  - by Berryl

  Hello I am thinking through a nice pattern to be useful across domains of measurable units (ie, Length, Time) and came up with the following use case and initial classes, and of course, questions! 1) Does a Composite pattern help or complicate? 2) Should the Convert method(s) in the ComposityNode be a separate converter class? All comments appreciated. Cheers, Berryl Example Use Case: var inch = new ConvertableUnit("inch", 1) var foot = new ConvertableUnit("foot", 12) var imperialUnits = new CompositeConvertableUnit("imperial units", .024) imperialUnits.AddChild(inch) imperialUnits.AddChild(foot) var meter = new ConvertableUnit("meter", 1) var millimeter = new ConvertableUnit("millimeter ", .001) var imperialUnits = new CompositeConvertableUnit("metric units", 1) imperialUnits.AddChild(meter) imperialUnits.AddChild(millimeter) var oneInch = new Quantity(1, inch); var oneFoot = new Quantity(1, foot); oneFoot.ToBase() // "12 inches" var oneMeter = new Quantity(1, meter); oneInch.ToBase() // .024 meters Possible Solution ConvertableUnit : Node double Rate string Name Quantity ConvertableUnit Unit double Amount CompositeConvertableUnit : Node ISet<ConvertableUnit> _children ConvertableUnit BaseUnit {get{ return _children.Where(c=>c.Rate == 1).First() } } Quantity ConvertTo(Quantity from, Quantity to) Quantity ToBase(Quantity from);

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• Facebook database design?

  - by Marin

  I have always wondered how Facebook designed the friend <- user relation. I figure the user table is something like this: user_email PK user_id PK password I figure the table with user's data (sex, age etc connected via user email I would assume). How does it connect all the friends to this user? Something like this? user_id friend_id_1 friend_id_2 friend_id_3 friend_id_N Probably not. Because the number of users is unknown and will expand.

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• Book for Anti Design Patterns

  - by Pranali Desai

  I have heard a lot about anti patterns and would like to read a book on this,which book would you suggest for Anti patterns.

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• MongoDB Schema Design - Real-time Chat

  - by Nick

  I'm starting a project which I think will be particularly suited to MongoDB due to the speed and scalability it affords. The module I'm currently interested in is to do with real-time chat. If I was to do this in a traditional RDBMS I'd split it out into: Channel (A channel has many users) User (A user has one channel but many messages) Message (A message has a user) The the purpose of this use case, I'd like to assume that there will be typically 5 channels active at one time, each handling at most 5 messages per second. Specific queries that need to be fast: Fetch new messages (based on an bookmark, time stamp maybe, or an incrementing counter?) Post a message to a channel Verify that a user can post in a channel Bearing in mind that the document limit with MongoDB is 4mb, how would you go about designing the schema? What would yours look like? Are there any gotchas I should watch out for?

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• Design Patterns: What's the antithesis of Front Controller?

  - by Brian Lacy

  I'm familiar with the Front Controller pattern, in which all events/requests are processed through a single centralized controller. But what would you call it when you wish to keep the various parts of an application separate at the presentation layer as well? My first thought was "Facade" but it turns out that's something entirely different. In my particular case, I'm converting an application from a sprawling procedural mess to a clean MVC architecture, but it's a long-term process -- we need to keep things separated as much as possible to facilitate a slow integration with the rest of the system. Our application is web-based, built in PHP, so for instance, we have an "index.php" and an IndexController, a "account.php" and an AccountController, a "dashboard.php" and DashboardController, and so on.

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• How should I design my MYSQL table/s?

  - by yaya3

  I built a really basic php/mysql site for an architect that uses one 'projects' table. The website showcases various projects that he has worked on. Each project contained one piece of text and one series of images. Original projects table (create syntax): CREATE TABLE `projects` ( `project_id` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment, `project_name` text, `project_text` text, `image_filenames` text, `image_folder` text, `project_pdf` text, PRIMARY KEY (`project_id`) ) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=8 DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1; The client now requires the following, and I'm not sure how to handle the expansions in my DB. My suspicion is that I will need an additional table. Each project now have 'pages'. Pages either contain... One image One "piece" of text One image and one piece of text. Each page could use one of three layouts. As each project does not currently have more than 4 pieces of text (a very risky assumption) I have expanded the original table to accommodate everything. New projects table attempt (create syntax): CREATE TABLE `projects` ( `project_id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `project_name` text, `project_pdf` text, `project_image_folder` text, `project_img_filenames` text, `pages_with_text` text, `pages_without_img` text, `pages_layout_type` text, `pages_title` text, `page_text_a` text, `page_text_b` text, `page_text_c` text, `page_text_d` text, PRIMARY KEY (`project_id`) ) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=8 DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1; In trying to learn more about MYSQL table structuring I have just read an intro to normalization and A Simple Guide to Five Normal Forms in Relational Database Theory. I'm going to keep reading! Thanks in advance

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• I am looking for any great books on design patterns (except of GoF)

  - by eriks

  On what books you can recommend me?

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• UI Design, incase of numerous situations

  - by The King

  Hi... I'm creating a web form, where in there are around 12-15 Input Fields... You can have a look at the screen and The request is such that depending on the data the user selects in the Gridview and the DropDown list, the appropriate Textboxes and CheckBoxes needs to be displayed. Some times the conditions are very direct, like when the DDL value is "ABC", get only paid amount from the user. Sometime they are so complex like... IF DDL is "DEF" and Selected GPMS value is between 1000-2000, calculate the values of allowed, paid etc (using some formula) and the focus should be directed to Page No Field, leaving the other fields open incase user wants to edit... There are around 10-15 conditions like this. As this was done through agile, conditions were being added as and when, and wherever it feels appropriate (DDL on change Event, GridView on selecting change event etc... etc..) After completion, now I see the code has become a big chuck, is growing unmanageably... Now, I'm planning to clear this... From you experience, what you think is the best way to handle this. There is a possibility to add more conditions like this in future... Please let me know, incase you need more information. I'm currently developing this app in C# .Net WindowsForms Edit: Currently there are only three items (The Datagrid, the DDL, the OverrideAmt CheckBox) that change the way other fields behave... Almost all of the conditions will fall between the two situations I mentioned... Mostly they belong to "Enabling/Disabling".. "Setting of Values"... and "Changing Focus" or any combination of these.

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• How do I normalise this database design?

  - by Ian Roke

  I am creating a rowing reporting and statistics system for a client where I have a structure at the moment similar to the following: ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ID | Team | Coaches | Rowers | Event | Position | Time | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- | 18 | TeamName | CoachName1 | RowerName1 | EventName | 1 | 01:32:34 | | | | CoachName2 | RowerName2 | | | | | | | | RowerName3 | | | | | | | | RowerName4 | | | | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- This is an example row of data but I would like to expand this out to a Rowers table and Coaches table and so on but I don't know how best to then link that back to the Entries table which is what this is. Has anybody got any words of wisdom they could share with me? Update A Team can have any number of Coaches and Rowers, a Rower can be in many Teams (Team A, B, C etc) and a Team can have many Coaches.

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