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  • Adding variably named fields to Python classes

    - by Carson Myers
    I have a python class, and I need to add an arbitrary number of arbitrarily long lists to it. The names of the lists I need to add are also arbitrary. For example, in PHP, I would do this: class MyClass { } $c = new MyClass(); $n = "hello" $c.$n = array(1, 2, 3); How do I do this in Python? I'm also wondering if this is a reasonable thing to do. The alternative would be to create a dict of lists in the class, but since the number and size of the lists is arbitrary, I was worried there might be a performance hit from this. If you are wondering what I'm trying to accomplish, I'm writing a super-lightweight script interpreter. The interpreter walks through a human-written list and creates some kind of byte-code. The byte-code of each function will be stored as a list named after the function in an "app" class. I'm curious to hear any other suggestions on how to do this as well.

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  • Confusion over C++ new operator and classes

    - by Nils
    Hi all I created a simple class in C++ which has a private dynamic array. In the constructor I initialize the array using new and in the destructor I free it using delete. When I instantiate the class using Class a = Class(..); it works as expected, however it seems I cannot instantiate it using the new operator (Like Class *a = new Class(..);), I always get a segmentation fault. What I don't understand is when I should use new to instantiate a class and when just call the constructor or should it be possible to instantiate a class either with new or by just calling the constructor. float** A = new float*[3]; for (int i=0; i<3; i++) { A[i] = new float[3]; } A[0][0] = 3; A[0][1] = 3; A[0][2] = 4; A[1][0] = 5; A[1][1] = 6; A[1][2] = 7; A[2][0] = 1; A[2][1] = 2; A[2][2] = 3; Matrix *M = new Matrix(A, 3, 3); delete[] A; delete M; Below the class definition.. class Matrix { private: int width; int height; int stride; float* elements; public: Matrix(float** a, int n, int m); ~Matrix(); }; Matrix::Matrix(float** a, int n, int m) { // n: num rows // m: elem per rows elements = new float[n*m]; for (int i=0; i<n; i++) { for (int j=0; j<m; j++) { elements[i*n + j] = a[n][m]; } } } Matrix::~Matrix() { delete[] elements; }

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  • java - find out the type of class which implements of other classes

    - by Johnzzz
    i have a kind of specific problem, let's say, that i have public interface A { } //------------------------------ public class B implements A{ static int countx = 0; } //---------------------------------- public class C implements A{ static int county = 0; } //---------------------------------- public class Arc { public A from; public A to; //======================================== and now I have an object a (which is an instance of Arc) and I want to find out whether it is an instance of B or C and get to the atributes countX or countY (stg like a.from.countX) any ideas? :)

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  • SwingWorker exceptions lost even when using wrapper classes

    - by Ti Strga
    I've been struggling with the usability problem of SwingWorker eating any exceptions thrown in the background task, for example, described on this SO thread. That thread gives a nice description of the problem, but doesn't discuss recovering the original exception. The applet I've been handed needs to propagate the exception upwards. But I haven't been able to even catch it. I'm using the SimpleSwingWorker wrapper class from this blog entry specifically to try and address this issue. It's a fairly small class but I'll repost it at the end here just for reference. The calling code looks broadly like try { // lots of code here to prepare data, finishing with SpecialDataHelper helper = new SpecialDataHelper(...stuff...); helper.execute(); } catch (Throwable e) { // used "Throwable" here in desperation to try and get // anything at all to match, including unchecked exceptions // // no luck, this code is never ever used :-( } The wrappers: class SpecialDataHelper extends SimpleSwingWorker { public SpecialDataHelper (SpecialData sd) { this.stuff = etc etc etc; } public Void doInBackground() throws Exception { OurCodeThatThrowsACheckedException(this.stuff); return null; } protected void done() { // called only when successful // never reached if there's an error } } The feature of SimpleSwingWorker is that the actual SwingWorker's done()/get() methods are automatically called. This, in theory, rethrows any exceptions that happened in the background. In practice, nothing is ever caught, and I don't even know why. The SimpleSwingWorker class, for reference, and with nothing elided for brevity: import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException; import javax.swing.SwingWorker; /** * A drop-in replacement for SwingWorker<Void,Void> but will not silently * swallow exceptions during background execution. * * Taken from http://jonathangiles.net/blog/?p=341 with thanks. */ public abstract class SimpleSwingWorker { private final SwingWorker<Void,Void> worker = new SwingWorker<Void,Void>() { @Override protected Void doInBackground() throws Exception { SimpleSwingWorker.this.doInBackground(); return null; } @Override protected void done() { // Exceptions are lost unless get() is called on the // originating thread. We do so here. try { get(); } catch (final InterruptedException ex) { throw new RuntimeException(ex); } catch (final ExecutionException ex) { throw new RuntimeException(ex.getCause()); } SimpleSwingWorker.this.done(); } }; public SimpleSwingWorker() {} protected abstract Void doInBackground() throws Exception; protected abstract void done(); public void execute() { worker.execute(); } }

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  • Javascript methods, classes and events

    - by Randy Gurment
    Hi, how should I document this piece of code: // Is this class? colors = { // Is this method? "red" : function() { // Do something... } // Still method? "black" : { // So what is this? "black-1" : function() { /* Do something */ } } } I am using YUI Doc. These tags are available @module @class @method @event @property

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  • Operator as and generic classes

    - by abatishchev
    I'm writing .NET On-the-Fly compiler for CLR scripting and want execution method make generic acceptable: object Execute() { return type.InvokeMember(..); } T Execute<T>() { return Execute() as T; /* doesn't work: The type parameter 'T' cannot be used with the 'as' operator because it does not have a class type constraint nor a 'class' constraint */ // also neither typeof(T) not T.GetType(), so on are possible return (T) Execute(); // ok } But I think operator as will be very useful: if result type isn't T method will return null, instead of an exception! Is it possible to do?

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  • C# Inconsistent Accessibility (Multiple Classes)

    - by MattP
    I am getting an Inconsistent Accessibility problem where I have one class that contains a List of another class namespace NS { public class Foo { public Foo() { this.bar = new List<Bar>(); } private List<Bar> bar; } public class Bar { public Bar() { } } } The error is property type NS.Bar is less accessible than property NS.Foo.Bar The structure to the application is each Foo consists of a Dynamic Array (List) of Bar. It's not ecommerce but the best example would be an eCommerce Store-Categories-Products in terms of how the data will be accessed.

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  • Using classes for the first time,help in debugging

    - by kaushik
    here is post my code:this is no the entire code but enough to explain my doubt.please discard any code line which u find irrelavent enter code here saving_tree={} isLeaf=False class tree: global saving_tree rootNode=None lispTree=None def __init__(self,x): file=x string=file.readlines() #print string self.lispTree=S_expression(string) self.rootNode=BinaryDecisionNode(0,'Root',self.lispTree) class BinaryDecisionNode: global saving_tree def __init__(self,ind,name,lispTree,parent=None): self.parent=parent nodes=lispTree.getNodes(ind) print nodes self.isLeaf=(nodes[0]==1) nodes=nodes[1]#Nodes are stored self.name=name self.children=[] if self.isLeaf: #Leaf Node print nodes #Set the leaf data self.attribute=nodes print "LeafNode is ",nodes else: #Set the question self.attribute=lispTree.getString(nodes[0]) self.attribute=self.attribute.split() print "Question: ",self.attribute,self.name tree={} tree={str(self.name):self.attribute} saving_tree=tree #Add the children for i in range(1,len(nodes)):#Since node 0 is a question # print "Adding child ",nodes[i]," who has ",len(nodes)-1," siblings" self.children.append(BinaryDecisionNode(nodes[i],self.name+str(i),lispTree,self)) print saving_tree i wanted to save some data in saving_tree{},which i have declared previously and want to use that saving tree in the another function outside the class.when i asked to print saving_tree it printing but,only for that instance.i want the saving_tree{} to have the data to store data of all instance and access it outside. when i asked for print saving_tree outside the class it prints empty{}.. please tell me the required modification to get my required output and use saving_tree{} outside the class..

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  • Problem about C++ class (inheritance, variables scope and functions)

    - by Luigi Giaccari
    I have a class that contains some data: class DATA Now I would to create some functions that uses those data. I can do it easily by writing member functions like DATA::usedata(); Since there are hundreds of functions, I would to keep an order in my code, so I would like to have some "categories" (not sure of the correct name) like: DATA data; data.memory.free(); data.memory.allocate(); data.file.import(); data.whatever.foo(); where memory, file and whatever are the "categories" and free, allocate and foo are the functions. I tried the inheritance way, but I got lost since I can not declare inside DATA a memory or file object, error C2079 occurs: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/9ekhdcxs%28VS.80%29.aspx Since I am not a programmer please don't be too complicated and if you have an easier way I am all ears.

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  • PHP classes, parse syntax errors when using 'var' to declare variables

    - by jon
    I am a C# guy trying to translate some of my OOP understanding over to php. I'm trying to make my first class object, and are hitting a few hitches. Here is the beginning of the class: <?php require("Database/UserDB.php"); class User { private var $uid; private var $username; private var $password; private var $realname; private var $email; private var $address; private var $phone; private var $projectArray; public function _construct($username) { $userArray = UserDB::GetUserArray($username); $uid = $userArray['uid']; $username = $userArray['username']; $realname = $userArray['realname']; $email = $userArray['email']; $phone = $userArray['phone']; $i = 1; $projectArray = UserDB::GetUserProjects($this->GetID()); while($projectArray[$i] != null) { $projectArray[$i] = new Project($projectArray[$i]); } UserDB.php is where I have all my static functions interacting with the Database for this User Class. I am getting errors using when I use var, and I'm getting confused. I know I don't HAVE to use var, or declare the variables at all, but I feel it is a better practice to do so. the error is "unexpected T_VAR, expecting T_VARIABLE" When I simply remove var from the declarations it works. Why is this?

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  • generate php classes in bash

    - by Derek
    i have this script: #!/bin/bash if [[ -z "$1" ]] ; then echo "Class is required" exit 1; fi if [[ -z "$2" ]] ; then package="Default" else package=$2; fi echo "<?php /** * $1.class.php * * Vcard class file. * @name Project * @author Author * @link http://www.domain.com * @copyright Copyright © 2011 * @package $package * @version 1.0 */ /** * The main $1 class * @package $package */ class $1 { /** * Constructor setup. */ public function __construct() { } /** * Destructor setup. */ public function __destruct() { } } " > $1.class.php php -l $1.class.php echo "Done"; if i do: ./generate.sh my_class it creates everything with my_class. how can i modify this to: MyClass? i need to use MyClass for the filename, and the class name etc... later in the code i use the argument (in this case my_class) for some other purposes. thanks

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  • c++ design question: Can i query the base classes to find the number of derived classes satisfying a

    - by vivekeviv
    I have a piece of code like this class Base { public: Base(bool _active) { active = _active; } void Configure(); void Set Active(bool _active); private: bool active; }; class Derived1 : public Base { public: Derived1(bool active):Base(active){} }; similarly Derived 2 and Derived 3 Now if i call derived1Object.Configure, i need to check how many of the derived1Obj, derived2Obj,derived3Obj is active. Should i add this in the "Base" class like a function say, GetNumberOfActive()? And If the implementation is like this: class Imp { public: void Configure() { //Code instantiating a particular Derived1/2/3 Object int GetNumberOfActiveDerivedObj(); baseRef.Configure(int numberOfActiveDerivedClasses); } prive: Derived1 dObj1(true); Derived2 dObj2(false); Derived3 dObj3(true); }; should i calculate the numberOfActive Derived Objects in Imp Class? THanks

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  • What happens when you create an instance of an object containing no state in C#?

    - by liquorice
    I am I think ok at algorithmic programming, if that is the right term? I used to play with turbo pascal and 8086 assembly language back in the 1980s as a hobby. But only very small projects and I haven't really done any programming in the 20ish years since then. So I am struggling for understanding like a drowning swimmer. So maybe this is a very niave question or I'm just making no sense at all, but say I have an object kind of like this: class Something : IDoer { void Do(ISomethingElse x) { x.DoWhatEverYouWant(42); } } And then I do var Thing1 = new Something(); var Thing2 = new Something(); Thing1.Do(blah); Thing2.Do(blah); does Thing1 = Thing2? does "new Something()" create anything? Or is it not much different different from having a static class, except I can pass it around and swap it out etc. Is the "Do" procedure in the same location in memory for both the Thing1(blah) and Thing2(blah) objects? I mean when executing it, does it mean there are two Something.Do procedures or just one?

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  • Ruby on Rails: Modules vs. Classes

    - by Jack
    I'm trying to add a function that will be accessible throughout all parts of my program. I want something like: def GlobalFunctions.my_function(x,y) puts x + y end to be accessible for all models. Specifically I am trying to use a function like this in my seeds.rb file but I am most likely going to be reusing the code and don't want any redundancy. Now I know I can make a simple class, but I could also make a module. What are some reasons to go in either direction? And once I've decided on which type to use, how do I make it accessible throughout the whole program? I have tried a module, but I keep getting " Expected app/[module file] to define [ModuleName]"

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  • How are classes more secure than structures ?

    - by Asad Hanif
    Structure's member are public by default ans class's members are private by default. We can access private data members through a proper channel (using member function). If we have access to member functions we can read/write data in private data member, so how it is secure...we are accessing it and we are changing data too.....

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  • Rails - inheritance hierarchy of classes where a subtype can play two roles

    - by Miquel
    I need to model Owners and Rentees in an application, so you have stuff that is always owned by someone and can be rented for someone else. I first approached this problem with Single Table Inheritance because both types of person will share all attributes, so you would have a model called Person associated to a table people with Owner and Rentee inheriting from Person. The problem is that Single type inheritance discerns subtypes using a field type and therefore a record in the table can represent either an Owner or a Rentee but not both at the same time, while in the real context you can have an Owner which is renting something from another Owner and therefore that person is at the same time an Owner and a Rentee. How would you approach this problem? Would you use separated tables for owners and rentees? Is there any other type of table inheritance in Rails?

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  • Does [Serializable] work for inherited classes?

    - by MattiasK
    I haven't worked much with remoting so excuse this rather rudimentary question, If I derive a class from an abstract class marked as [Serializable] (for passing the data across an appdomain), does the other side get the actual overriden implementation? ie does polymorphism work over remoting/Serializable? I need to create a clone on the other side rather than operating on the original so MarshalByRef is not an option...

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  • Obj-C Sending Messages Between Classes

    - by user544359
    I'm a newbie in iPhone Programming. I'm trying to send a message from one view controller to another. The idea is that viewControllerA takes information from the user and sends it to viewControllerB. viewControllerB is then supposed to display the information in a label. viewControllerA.h #import <UIKit/UIKit.h> @interface viewControllerA : UIViewController { int num; } -(IBAction)do; @end viewControllerA.m #import "viewControllerA.h" #import "viewControllerB.h" @implementation viewControllerA - (IBAction)do { //initializing int for example num = 2; viewControllerB *viewB = [[viewControllerB alloc] init]; [viewB display:num]; [viewB release]; //viewA is presented as a ModalViewController, so it dismisses itself to return to the //original view, i know it is not efficient [self dismissModalViewControllerAnimated:YES]; } - (void)dealloc { [super dealloc]; } @end viewControllerB.h #import <UIKit/UIKit.h> @interface viewControllerB : UIViewController { IBOutlet UILabel *label; } - (IBAction)openA; - (void)display:(NSInteger)myNum; @end viewControllerB.m #import "viewControllerB.h" #import "viewControllerA.h" @implementation viewControllerB - (IBAction)openA { //presents viewControllerA when a button is pressed viewControllerA *viewA = [[viewControllerA alloc] init]; [self presentModalViewController:viewA animated:YES]; } - (void)display:(NSInteger)myNum { NSLog(@"YES"); [label setText:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d", myNum]]; } @end YES is logged successfully, but the label's text does not change. I have made sure that all of my connections in Interface Builder are correct, in fact there are other (IBAction) methods in my program that change the text of this very label, and all of those other methods work perfectly... Any ideas, guys? You don't need to give me a full solution, any bits of information will help. Thanks.

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  • Using enums in Java across multiple classes

    - by Richard Mar.
    I have the following class: public class Card { public enum Suit { SPACES, HEARTS, DIAMONDS, CLUBS }; public Card(Suit nsuit, int nrank) { suit = nsuit; rank = nrank; } private Suit suit; private int rank; } I want to instantiate it in another class, but that class doesn't understand the Suit enum. Where should I put the enum to make it publicly visible?

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  • STLifying C++ classes

    - by shambulator
    I'm trying to write a class which contains several std::vectors as data members, and provides a subset of vector's interface to access them: class Mesh { public: private: std::vector<Vector3> positions; std::vector<Vector3> normals; // Several other members along the same lines }; The main thing you can do with a mesh is add positions, normals and other stuff to it. In order to allow an STL-like way of accessing a Mesh (add from arrays, other containers, etc.), I'm toying with the idea of adding methods like this: public: template<class InIter> void AddNormals(InIter first, InIter last); Problem is, from what I understand of templates, these methods will have to be defined in the header file (seems to make sense; without a concrete iterator type, the compiler doesn't know how to generate object code for the obvious implementation of this method). Is this actually a problem? My gut reaction is not to go around sticking huge chunks of code in header files, but my C++ is a little rusty with not much STL experience outside toy examples, and I'm not sure what "acceptable" C++ coding practice is on this. Is there a better way to expose this functionality while retaining an STL-like generic programming flavour? One way would be something like this: (end list) class RestrictedVector<T> { public: RestrictedVector(std::vector<T> wrapped) : wrapped(wrapped) {} template <class InIter> void Add(InIter first, InIter last) { std::copy(first, last, std::back_insert_iterator(wrapped)); } private: std::vector<T> wrapped; }; and then expose instances of these on Mesh instead, but that's starting to reek a little of overengineering :P Any advice is greatly appreciated!

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  • Dynamic proxies to auto-save models

    - by atomman
    I'm trying to make some auto-magic happen in java using proxies to track objects and saving them when a set* method is called. I started of using java's built in Proxy, and everything works just fine, but from what I can understand I need a interface for every model, which is something that I'm trying to avoid. This is where CGLIB comes in, it allows me to create proxies of my models without the use of interfaces. BUT, how can I now retrieve the original object, the one I am trying to save? The optimal solution to be would be something like the EntityManager interface used by hibernate, where you keep your original object, but it is still tracked.

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  • Toggle classes with radio button in jQuery

    - by dardub
    I have a set of radio buttons where when I click a radio button, I want the label to change color or whatever. But when I click another radio button, the color goes away. Therefore I have something like this: jQuery('label').mouseup(function(){ jQuery(this).prev().attr('checked', 'checked'); jQuery('input').next().removeClass('selected'); jQuery('input:checked').next().addClass('selected'); }); if you need to see some html: <input type="radio" id="radio1" name="myRadio" value="option-1" /> <label for="radio1">Swing Gate</label> <input type="radio" id="radio2" name="myRadio" value="option-2" /> <label for="radio2">Swing Gate</label> This first removes 'selected' class from all the labels and then re-applies to only the checked labels. It works and is simple, but I was thinking this might not be the most efficient way of doing this. I imagine that javascript is iterating through each input element and using more resources than necessary. I'm curious if anyone knows of a common way of doing this more efficiently. I seem to be doing this type of thing quite often in my jQuery code. I've just been using jQuery for the past 3 months or so btw.

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  • jquery switch element classes

    - by Sobakinet
    Please take a look here: http://jsfiddle.net/ZUd27/7/ What I need: There are several elements. One of them is active and visible. If I hover over any inactive element, it becomes visible and active. The previously active element becomes inactive. On mouseout, nothing happens - the last hovered element stays active. My problems: The first active element always stays active (in DOM?). It becomes invisible, but on next mouseover nothing happens. Other elements don't behave as they should. If one of them is active, on next mousein it becomes invisible. thx

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