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• can Snort be installed on VPS?

  - by jack

  Hi Linux Admins I want the maximum security for my linux vps. I found many tutorials round the net but it doesn't cover the Snort. Only those like portentry, logsentry, tripwire and so on. So I'm beginning to think that Snort is not appropriate for a linux host. I think it's suitable only as a proxy/middle-man that checks traffic before passing to acutual targets. I'd like to whether Snort can be installed on VPS which serves typical servers like web/mail. Can Snort be in complict with OSSEC which I think it doesn't check the traffic but the log files only for Intrusion Detection/Anomaly? Thank you.

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• What is this component?

  - by bAN

  Hi everyone, i'm just looking an old mother board waiting for my favorite TVShow and and i wonder what's this component? Every motherboard i've seen have this kind of solenoid (I am sure that you already settled this question). But what is this? What is his function? If an hardware specialist can try to answer my question.. I will be an happy man.. I join a Picture.. Strange and mystic kind of solenoid.

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• How should I isolate computers with different roles on a network

  - by fishhead

  I work in an industrial plant and we have one network(physical wire) that us used for both office usage and for process systems. The office computers are only used for typical office needs but occasionally do connect to the process computers to obtain information from a sql server or for some other purpose. A new initiative is in the works and is rolling down hill from corporate and that is to standardize how the the computers are used at work and they would be severely locked down and only a standard set of applications will be allowed to execute. one of the requirements is to also have non office computers isolated from the company domain. our non-office computers are a mix of Man-Machine interfaces and sql-servers all running software that non standard. My question is, how can we divorce the control systems computers from the company domain but still have access to the servers from the company domain. thanks

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• How should I isolate computers with different roles on a network

  - by fishhead

  I work in an industrial plant and we have one network(physical wire) that us used for both office usage and for process systems. The office computers are only used for typical office needs but occasionally do connect to the process computers to obtain information from a sql server or for some other purpose. A new initiative is in the works and is rolling down hill from corporate and that is to standardize how the the computers are used at work and they would be severely locked down and only a standard set of applications will be allowed to execute. one of the requirements is to also have non office computers isolated from the company domain. our non-office computers are a mix of Man-Machine interfaces and sql-servers all running software that non standard. My question is, how can we divorce the control systems computers from the company domain but still have access to the servers from the company domain. thanks

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• How can I convert an OpenOffice document to PDF from the Linux command line?

  - by Norman Ramsey

  I have students who, when asked for PDF, sometimes hand me an OpenOffice document or spreadsheet. file(1) can identify these documents, but I've been unable to discover how to convert them to PDF using the command line. (The man page for ooffice(1) lists an option to print a document but not to convert to PDF.) Google is unhelpful, except for giving me the uneasy feeling that this can't be done without a nifty script in a language I don't know against an API whose documentation I can't find. Can anyone help me solve the problem of converting an OpenDocument to PDF using only the Unix command line?

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• Cannot access domain from windows 2003 client

  - by Peuge

  Hey all, First off I am a novice at AD and DNS so please bear with me. This is my current situation: I have one server which is a DC and DNS server (win2k3) - Machine 1. I have another machine which is trying to join this domain - Machine2. This machine is also a win2k3 server. This is what I have done so far: I have setup DNS on the DC and its tcp/ip dns is pointing to itself. On machine2 I have set its dns to point to the dc. The DNS has been setup with a forward lookup zone with the same name as the domain (accdirect.com). I can ping machine1 from the machine2 by its FQDN and ip. I have set up forwarders on the DC for our ISP dns and can browse the internet on both machines. In the DNS mmc on the DC I can see a host (A) has been created for machine2. The problem is I still cannot join the domain. When I try join the domain via my computer - properties then it brings up the username/password box and after I go "ok" it says cannot find domain accdirect.com If I run this from machine2 dcdiag /s:accdirect.com /u:accdirect.com\admin /p: then I get the following: Performing initial setup: ** Warning: could not confirm the identity of this server in the directory versus the names returned by DNS servers. If there are problems accessing this directory server then you may need to check that this server is correctly registered with DNS [accdirect.com] Directory Binding Error 1722: Win32 Error 1722 This may limit some of the tests that can be performed. Done gathering initial info. On the dc all dcdiag and netdiag results pass. If anyone could help me I would really appreciate this! Sorry if any of my terminology is a bit off, I have only been doing this for two days. thanks Peuge

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• Weird noise while scanning, using scanimage and a Canon Lide 35

  - by Manu

  I'm trying to scan a bunch of images, using xsane's scanimage : scanimage --format=tiff --batch --batch-prompt This command scans the first picture perfectly, but as soon as I press enter, the scanner makes a weird noise, and the scanning "arm" moves very, very slowly. If I stop scanimage and start again, it scans normally again. Is there another scanimage option that I need to add? I've checked the man page, but can't see what I'm missing. Edit: the problem seems to be that the scanning "arm" doesn't go back to it's original position after the first scan.

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• Colour output piped to less

  - by mmacaulay

  Operating system: Mac OS 10.6.2 I'd like to be able to see colour output when piping certain commands through less. Two examples: I've got ls aliased to ls --color=auto, so I'd like to be able to see colour when I do this: ls -l | less I've also got the color extension turned on in Mercurial, so I'd like to see colour output from: hg diff | less and hg st | less After some googling, it seems like some versions of less support either -r or -R to make this work, but no dice for me. I can't see anything in the man page that looks like what I need. (-r or -R SEEM to be the right options, but again, they don't seem to work)

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• Getting NFS clients to retry mount if NFS server down when client boots

  - by z0mbix

  I have an NFS server that several clients mount. I am using the following in my /etc/exports on the server: /content *(rw,no_root_squash) and on the clients in my /etc/fstab I have: content.prd.domain.tld:/content /content nfs rw,hard,intr 0 0 If the clients boot while the NFS server is down, the share does not get mounted. I read in the NFS man page that the retry defaults should handle this: retry=n The number of minutes to retry an NFS mount operation in the foreground or background before giving up. The default value for forground mounts is 2 minutes. The default value for background mounts is 10000 minutes, which is roughly one week. I have tested this, but it doesn't appear to work. Am I missing something? All servers are RHEL 5.4. Cheers z0mbix

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• Gnu screen, how to update dynamically the title of a window?

  - by Fabio

  I googled a lot, but I can't find the answer I'm looking for... I'm trying to improve the aspect of GNU Screen using the screenrc file, I tuned colors, status line, caption and the list of the loaded windows. The only thing I'm not able to achieve is getting the caption with the current executed command as in this picture, note the vim caption in the right pane. What I currently have is this, and what I would like to obtain is having captions (and if possible also hardstatus line) with |0 less| 1 man instead of the current |0 bash| 1 bash. How to do this? Thanks in advance.

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• Ubuntu 10.4 Lucid Server Minimal Install: Slow terminal scrolling

  - by noname

  I have a minimal install of Ubuntu 10.4 Server for testing and learning purposes. There is a very annoying occurrance: whenever I try to "man dpkg" or any command that load a few screens length of text (eg. "ls -al") the redraw speed of the console is just way too slow. I can see how each new line causes the whole screen to redraw. Note: that this doesn't happen inside X. No gui is installed. I have been experimenting with adding vesafb to the grub line as some guides suggested, but no speedups happened. You might be able to reproduce this behaviour on your linux system by switching to terminal using CTRL+ALT+F1. Is there any way to speed scrolling up?

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• How to point a subdomain to local server with dynamic IP

  - by jlego

  I see there are many related questions to this one, however the answers given seem to be a little vague for a novice like me. I've got a dedicated LAMP stack running Fedora 16 locally on my home network. Everything works fine internally. I can access the Apache server from other machines on the network using the internal IP in a browser. I'm using the stack for a local file server as well as a development environment for websites. There are a couple of reasons why I would like the development sites hosted on the machine to be available publicly. 1.) I use a CMS that has paid add-ons which allows you to assign the paid license to a domain. I can't develop with paid add-ons on the closed dev server. 2.) I would occasionally like for clients to be able to view the site dev at late stages before it goes live. I have a domain (foo.com, and I want to point a *sub*domain (dev.foo.com) to the local server. I know this is best accomplished with a Static IP, however my IP from my ISP is Dynamic and I don't think there is any way to change that. From what I have read, services like ZoneEdit & DynDNS are supposed to be able to accomplish this, but I have tried both and found it very confusing. Also the server is behind a router and I have also read that you need to set up DDNS(?) in your router, that many routers have presets for these services, and I've found that DynDNS is the only one my router seems to support.

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• Meta key in Terminal.app vs national characters

  - by yacoob

  I'm using Terminal.app, and I'd like to use emacs running inside - either locally, or after sshing to remote server. Problem is, I can't get working Meta modifier. Namely, if I enable 'Use option as meta key', Option key works like proper Meta, but I lose ability to enter Polish diacritics (aelósznzc), that are entered with right Option. If I disable 'Use option as meta key', my Meta is gone, but I can again use Polish characters. In this state they appear only with right Option modifier, so I guess it's Terminal.app's fault that it doesn't make a difference between left and right Option key, when the relevant preference is selected. What are my options then? Is there a good solution for my problem? I can always use ESC as a poor man's Meta replacement, but I don't like that idea.

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• How do I capture my second monitor using avconv?

  - by Codemonkey

  With this command: avconv -f x11grab -s 2560x1440 -i :0.0 I can stream video from my main monitor. I also have a second, 1080p monitor on which I do my gaming. I want to stream from that monitor. This doesn't work: avconv -f x11grab -s 1920x1080 -i :0.1 I assume I have to use -i :0.0 and somehow specify that it should capture 1920x1080 pixels from X position 2560 and Y position 0. My gaming monitor is placed to the right of my main monitor. Unfortunately the man page for avconv is miles long, so I haven't had any luck figuring this out on my own. I have tried Using -vf with crop like this: -vcodec libx264 ... -vf "crop=$IN_WIDTH:$IN_HEIGHT:2560:360" But that only displayed 1080p video from the top left corner of my main display.

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• How do I use novnc on CentOS 6?

  - by hyphen this

  I came across novnc in a yum search, and wanted to use it so I installed. However, there is no information on how to actually use it. The novnc_server command exits with "Could not find vnc.html". The man page and --help menu are of no help. The README on github says: "Use the launch script to start a mini-webserver and the WebSockets proxy (websockify)." Which is also, of no help. The fedora and CentOS wiki have no info.

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• PCI scan findings and problems with week ciphers on ports 993,443,995,465

  - by user64991

  From PCI scan results: Synops is : The remote service encrypts traffic using a protocol with known weaknesses . Description : The remote service accepts connections encrypted using SSL 2.0, which reportedly suffers from several cryptographic flaws and has been deprecated for several years. An attacker may be able to exploit these issues to conduct man-in-the-middle attacks or decrypt communications between the affected service and clients . See also : http://www.schneier.com/paper-ssl.pdf Solution: Consult the application's documentation to disable SSL 2.0 and use SSL 3.0 or TLS 1.0 instead. Risk Factor: Medium / CVSS Base Score : 2 (AV:R/AC:L/Au:NR/C:P/A:N/I:N/B:N) I have tried to change SSLProtocol all -SSLv2 to SSLProtocol -ALL +SSLv3 +TLSv1 And SSLCipherSuite ALL:!ADH:!EXPORT:!SSLv2:RC4+RSA:+HIGH:+MEDIUM:+LOW To SSLCipherSuite ALL:!ADH:RC4+RSA:+HIGH:!MEDIUM:!LOW:!SSLv2:!EXPORT But using SSLdigger, it shows the same result. Is this the right way to do something like this?

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• Any "Magic Tricks" For Getting Data Back After Windows 7 Install

  - by user163757

  My old man installed Windows 7 without making a proper backup, and now realizes he left behind some important data. He did a true "clean install", so there is no Windows.old folder in the root directory. However, I believe the format performed on the hard drive was only a quick format, so I am hoping there is some chance at data recovery. I took his hard drive out, and have spent a majority of the weekend researching data recovery options. I paid $70 for the GetDataBack software, but have had little success with it. I can see all of the files I want to restore, however they appear corrupt when I try to open them. With that all being said, does anyone know of a viable way to recover some of this data, or is it a lost cause all together?

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• How can I keep a file in Windows 7's cache?

  - by netvope

  Sometimes you know better than Windows what files will be re-used later. Suppose you have 8GB of memory, and you use the same 1GB file every hour in an I/O-bound application (which takes 1 second to finish if the file is cached, and 1 minute if not.) Now you process some other 16GB of data that are not going to be re-used. Naturally the frequently used 1GB file will be pushed out of the cache. It would be beneficial if one can tell Windows to keep that 1GB file in memory. (Better yet, it would be great if I can tell Windows not to cache those 16GB of data, but I'm not optimistic that this can be done.) The poor-man's way to keep a file in the cache would be to keep reading the file. Are there any better ways? Are you aware of any programs that do this? (If this can be easily done under Linux, please let me know too.)

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• knife server create- finding lists of flavors

  - by JohnMetta

  I'm new to Chef and I think I'm missing something in reading the docs. I want to create servers using knife server create (options) but can't seem to find fully complete documentation on the options. Specifically, how do I find a mapping of server flavors to whatever knife is looking for? Given the official wiki entry for "Launch Cloud Instances with Knife," the following is an example server creation on Rackspace: knife rackspace server create 'role[webserver]' --server-name server01 --image 49 --flavor 2 Likewise, on the Knife Man Page, there are commands for EC2 server images (using --d --distro DISTRO) and for Slicehost servers (using -f --flavor FLAVOR) However, what none of the documentation I've found describes is how to translate what I want to build on Rackspace ("I want Ubuntu 10.04 LTS") to what the integer entry that knife is seeking. It strikes me that, given the lack of a description in the documentation for how to find the flavor, this should be obvious. Thus, I think I'm missing something.

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• Postfix TLS issue

  - by HTF

  I'm trying to enable TLS on Postfix but the daemon is crashing: Sep 16 16:00:38 core postfix/master[1689]: warning: process /usr/libexec/postfix/smtpd pid 1694 killed by signal 11 Sep 16 16:00:38 core postfix/master[1689]: warning: /usr/libexec/postfix/smtpd: bad command startup -- throttling CentOS 6.3 x86_64 # postconf -n alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes command_directory = /usr/sbin config_directory = /etc/postfix daemon_directory = /usr/libexec/postfix data_directory = /var/lib/postfix debug_peer_level = 2 disable_vrfy_command = yes home_mailbox = Maildir/ html_directory = no inet_interfaces = all inet_protocols = all local_recipient_maps = mail_owner = postfix mailbox_command = mailq_path = /usr/bin/mailq.postfix manpage_directory = /usr/share/man mydestination = $myhostname, localhost.$mydomain, localhost mydomain = domain.com myhostname = mail.domain.com mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 myorigin = $mydomain newaliases_path = /usr/bin/newaliases.postfix queue_directory = /var/spool/postfix readme_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix-2.6.6/README_FILES relay_domains = sample_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix-2.6.6/samples sendmail_path = /usr/sbin/sendmail.postfix setgid_group = postdrop smtp_tls_note_starttls_offer = yes smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:/var/lib/postfix/smtpd_tls_cache.db smtp_use_tls = yes smtpd_delay_reject = yes smtpd_error_sleep_time = 1s smtpd_hard_error_limit = 20 smtpd_helo_required = yes smtpd_helo_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, reject_non_fqdn_hostname, reject_invalid_hostname, permit smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, permit_sasl_authenticated, reject_unauth_pipelining, reject_non_fqdn_recipient, reject_unknown_recipient_domain, reject_invalid_hostname, reject_non_fqdn_hostname, reject_non_fqdn_sender, reject_unknown_sender_domain, reject_unauth_destination reject_rbl_client cbl.abuseat.org, reject_rbl_client bl.spamcop.net, permit smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes smtpd_sasl_local_domain = $myhostname smtpd_sasl_path = private/auth smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous smtpd_sasl_type = dovecot smtpd_sender_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, reject_non_fqdn_sender, reject_unknown_sender_domain, permit smtpd_soft_error_limit = 10 smtpd_tls_CAfile = /etc/postfix/ssl/cacert.pem smtpd_tls_cert_file = /etc/postfix/ssl/smtpd.crt smtpd_tls_key_file = /etc/postfix/ssl/smtpd.key smtpd_tls_loglevel = 1 smtpd_tls_received_header = yes smtpd_tls_session_cache_timeout = 3600s smtpd_use_tls = yes tls_random_source = dev:/dev/urandom unknown_local_recipient_reject_code = 550

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• Linux bash: when to use egrep instead of grep?

  - by Michael Mao

  Hi all : I am preparing for a Linux terminal assessment now, I tried to Google and found most resources are referring to the basic "grep" rather than the more powerful "egrep" -- well, that is at least what the professor said in lecture. I am always working with small samples so performance tuning is a thing too far away. So basically I'd like to know are there any areas where I must switch to egrep to do it in a better way? Is it safe to work with basic "grep" as for now? will there be potential risks? Sorry about my limited knowledge on Linux shell commands, the man page looks like a maze to me and honestly I haven't put much time in understanding all the features both command provide.

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• How to secure Firefox traffic (+DNS) through SOCKS proxy under Ubuntu 10.04?

  - by Maarx

  I'm using Ubuntu 10.04, and starting a SOCKS proxy with 'ssh -D', and setting Ubuntu to use it with "System - Preferences - Network Proxy". Firefox uses the proxy, and the proxy's IP appears when I visit a site like http://www.whatismyip.com/. My question is, is Firefox resolving DNS requests through this proxy? Is my web-browsing truly secure? (That is, until I exit the other end of the proxy. I know it's insecure after that.) (And I've verified the keys, I'm not being man-in-the-middled) (And--screw it. You know what I mean. Is it resolving DNS requests through the proxy?) I don't know how I would go about verifying such a thing for myself. Using additional hardware such as another debugging proxy is not an option. If Firefox isn't resolving my DNS requests through the SOCKS proxy, how do I go about fixing it?

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• Using windowmaker with quartz-wm in proxy mode on Snow Leopard

  - by Graham Lee

  I can modify my .xinitrc file to exec /opt/local/bin/wmaker, and get WindowMaker 0.90.2 as my window manager in X11.app. I'd like to use quartz-wm not as a window manager, but to provide the pasteboard integration with Aqua using the --only-proxy flag (see the man page). If I add the following line to .xinitrc: exec /usr/bin/quartz-wm --only-proxy & then WindowMaker never starts, complaining that there's already a window manager running. Is it possible to get the two to play nicely together, or is proxy feature part of the Xquartz server now? It seems that the Xquartz manpage has a number of pasteboard-to-clipboard synchronisation settings, but it's not clear whether quartz-wm needs to be running for those to work.

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• Write permissions LAMP (Debian Lenny)

  - by letseatfood

  I am working on a PHP script that transfers files using FTP functions. It has always worked on my production server (which is a hosting service). The development server I have just setup (I am a novice to servers) is Debian Lenny with Apache2, PHP5, and MySQL5. The file transfer works correctly, but once the file has been written to the server, it has permissions of 600. This makes it impossible for me to view the file (JPEG) in the web browser, as permission is denied. I have scoured the internet and even broken my server installation and reinstalled it trying to figure this out (which has been fun, nonetheless!). I know it is unwise to set 777 permissions on public accessible files, but even that will not solve the problem. The only thing that works is if I chmod 777 thefile.jpg after it has been transferred, which is not a working solution. I tried changing the owner of my site files to www-data per this post, but that also does not work. My user is mike, and it still does not work whether the owner of the files is mike or root. Would somebody point me in the right direction? Thanks! And, of course, let me know if I can clarify anything.

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• xkb layouts not working (in KDE?) after upgrade from Ubuntu 9.10 to 10.04

  - by Alan

  I customised my keyboard layout in 9.10 by editing the appropriate /usr/share/X11/xkb/symbols/ file. After upgrading to 10.04 I noticed it had overwritten all my modifications, so I recovered the layout and overwrote the symbol file's base entry. Sadly KDE (and, presumably, the entire OS) seems to ignore the files altogether. The help files don't mention anything about modifying layouts anyway (and the layout switcher seems to be using setxkbmap, which uses the above path according to its man page), so I'm at a bit of a loss. Do I need to compile this into some other format somehow or how do I get it to work?

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