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• Random flickering on 2.6.32 kernels after suspend

  - by whitequark

  I have XUbuntu 9.10 installed on a Toshiba NB200 netbook with Intel video card that's handled with i915 driver. With 2.6.31 stable, recommended kernel everything but WiFi works fine: Atheros ath9k WiFi shows too small signal power and loses packets in 'bursts' sometimes. With 2.6.32-* (I tested -9 to -11 from Ubuntu's kernel unstable ppa) everything works fine just prior to first suspend: echo mem >/sys/power/state. After it random unidentified fullscreen 'one-frame' flickering begins in Xorg, and after a couple of minutes everything eventually hangs while showing filled grey (not white; it is like default button colour) screen; no X keys are working: Ctrl+Alt+Fn don't, blind typing in console too. Magic SysRq still works and I was able to reboot. Also there is one out-of-tree kernel module called omnibook that is required to turn on WiFi and Bluetooth. Any advices?

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• Shaping outbound Traffic to Control Download Speeds with Linux

  - by Kyle Brandt

  I have a situation where a server makes lots of requests from big webservers all at the same time. Currently, I have not control over the amount of requests or the rate of the requests from the application that does this. The responses from these webservers is more than the internet line can handle. (Basically, we are launching a DoS on ourselves). I am going to get push to get this fixed at the application level, but for the time being, is there anyway I can use traffic shaping on the Linux server to control this? I know I can only shape outbound traffic, but maybe there is a way I can slow the TCP responses so the other side will detect congestion and this will help my situation? If there is anything like this with tc, what might the configuration look like? The idea is that the traffic control might help me control which packets get dropped before they reach my router.

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• Samba - Is my server vulnerable to CVE-2008-1105?

  - by Joao Heleno

  Hi! I have a CentOS server that is running Samba and I want to verify the vulnerability addressed by CVE-2008-1105. What scenarios can I build in order to run the exploit that is mentioned in http://secunia.com/advisories/cve_reference/CVE-2008-1105/? http://secunia.com/secunia_research/2008-20/advisory/ says that "Successful exploitation allows execution of arbitrary code by tricking a user into connecting to a malicious server (e.g. by clicking an "smb://" link) or by sending specially crafted packets to an "nmbd" server configured as a local or domain master browser." More info: http://www.samba.org/samba/security/CVE-2008-1105.html http://secunia.com/secunia_research/2008-20/advisory/

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• Routing for IPSec tunnel

  - by Emre A

  Hello. For Juniper NetScreen-NS25, I configured a site-to-site IPSec tunnnel. For the outside interface of remote site, I also needed to go through tunnel which has the same IP as IPSec gateway. Now, when I add static route to route that outside interface IP through tunnel while tunnel is up, there would be no problem at all but if the tunnel is down for some reason, it cannot be re-established as the routing for the IPSec gateway IP which is the same as outside interface IP is set to go through tunnel which it needed to re-etablish at that time. So, packets won't hit that IP. I tried adding another routing entry which has metric 2 through other gateway but it did'nt succeeded. So, what type of routing should I configure to reach that IP when tunnel is down. Thanks in advance.

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• Diagnosing high CPU waiting

  - by Will

  I have a monitoring server that is running icinga/collectd/graphite with about 50 hosts. I have noticed high load/slugging performance on the box. If you take a look at top, you'll see: Cpu(s): 0.6%us, 0.2%sy, 0.0%ni, 7.6%id, 23.4%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.2%si, 0.0%st Notice the HUGE %wa value, which as far as I know means a network or disk bottleneck. ifconfig shows no dropping packets and there's not a ton of bandwidth going on, so that leaves disk issues, right? There's not a lot of disk writing going on either...iotop is reporting we're only writing a little over 1 MB per second and the RAID tool reports everything is A-OK and write caching is enabled. How do I go about trying to figure out how to fix this? UPDATE: iostat -x output is: avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle 0.62 0.10 0.31 9.65 0.00 89.31 Device: rrqm/s wrqm/s r/s w/s rsec/s wsec/s avgrq-sz avgqu-sz await svctm %util sda 0.21 33.34 83.55 16.54 1599.94 399.07 19.97 43.21 416.98 3.71 37.13

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• Can Linux works as 802.1X authenticator in bridge mode ?

  - by Kartoch

  I want to create a lab for my students with netkit (a network emulator based on 802.1X) to study 802.1X. I can create the authentication server (FreeRadius) and configure the client with XSupplicant connected by a switch (a Linux in bridge mode). I'm looking to a way to configure the switch as Authenticator, i.e.: when the client is connected, the switch only forwards EAP packets to the authentication server. then the switch lets the user access to the local network when the authentication server authorizes the client. At the present time there is a lot of documentation to do this with a wireless point but no one for a switch. Does anyone have an idea or know the good software for it ?

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• iptables rules for botnet (UDP flood) protection

  - by Petar Simeonov

  I'm currently experiencing a massive UDP attack on my server. I host a couple of gameservers, mainly Tf2, CS:GO, CS 1.6 and CS:Source, and my 1.6 server is being flooded. I tried different rules in iptables, but none of them seemed to work. I'm on a 100mbps bandwidth tariff, but the flood i receive is 500+mbps. This is the log of the latest tcpdump - http://pastebin.com/HSgFVeBs Packet length varies throughout the day. Only my gameserver ports are being flooded - 27015, 27016, 27018 via UDP packets. Are there any iptables rules, that might prevent this?

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• Why would a server not send a SYN/ACK packet in response to a SYN packet

  - by codemonkey

  Lately, we've become aware of a TCP connection issue that is mostly limited to mac and Linux users who browse our websites. From the user perspective, it presents itself as a really long connection time to our websites (11 seconds). We've managed to track down the technical signature of this problem, but can't figure out why it is happening or how to fix it. Basically, what is happening is that the client's machine is sending the SYN packet to establish the TCP connection and the web server receives it, but does not respond with the SYN/ACK packet. After the client has sent many SYN packets, the server finally responds with a SYN/ACK packet and everything is fine for the remainder of the connection. And, of course, the kicker to the problem: it is intermittent and does not happen all the time (though it does happen between 10-30% of the time) We are using Fedora 12 Linux as the OS and Nginx as the web server.

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• tcp flags in iptables: What's the difference between RST SYN and RST and SYN RST ? When to use ALL?

  - by Kris

  I'm working on a firewall for a virtual dedicated server and one of the things I'm looking into is port scanners. TCP flags are used for protection. I have 2 questions. The rule: -p tcp --tcp-flags SYN,ACK,FIN,RST SYN -j DROP First argument says check packets with flag SYN Second argument says make sure the flags ACK,FIN,RST SYN are set And when that's the case (there's a match), drop the tcp packet First question: I understand the meaning of RST and RST/ACK but in the second argument RST SYN is being used. What's the difference between RST SYN and RST and SYN RST ? Is there a "SYN RST" flag in a 3 way handshake ? Second question is about the difference between -p tcp --tcp-flags SYN,ACK,FIN,RST SYN -j DROP and -p tcp --tcp-flags ALL SYN,ACK,FIN,RST SYN -j DROP When should ALL be used ? When I use ALL, does that mean if the tcp packet with the syn flag doesn't have the ACK "and" the FIN "and" the RST SYN flags set, there will be no match ?

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• Torrent, ISA Server 2006 and packet dropped due to TCP_NOT_SYNC

  - by Pascal

  Hi, I'm trying to get uTorrent 2.0.4 to work in a DMZ machine, protected by a ISA Server 2006. I've opened 1 inbound port (via publishing) and opened all the higher ports for that specific machine that runs uTorrent on my DMZ, and it's working almost fine. The problem is that I keep getting packets dropped with 0xc0040017 FWX_E_TCP_NOT_SYN_PACKET_DROPPED. Is there any way to disable this via registry? Is there any way around this? The download speed fluctuates a lot, and when I starts hitting the upper limit that I've defined in uTorrent, the errors start poping up a lot, and the download speed goes way down, and the process repeats on and on Tks Edit My outbound rules are: Port Range: TCP 10000-65535 Outbound Port Range: UDP 10000-65535 Send Edit It's probably a bug handling requests from Windows 7. When I installed the uTorrent on a XP machine, the problem went away

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• private address in traceroute results

  - by misteryes

  I use traceroute to check paths on a remote host, and I notice that there are some private IPs, like 10.230.10.1 bash-4.0# traceroute -T 132.227.62.122 traceroute to 132.227.62.122 (132.227.62.122), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets 1 194.199.68.161 (194.199.68.161) 1.103 ms 1.107 ms 1.097 ms 2 sw-ptu.univ.run (10.230.10.1) 1.535 ms 1.625 ms 2.172 ms 3 sw-univ-gazelle.univ.run (10.10.20.1) 6.891 ms 6.937 ms 6.927 ms 4 10.10.5.6 (10.10.5.6) 1.544 ms 1.517 ms 1.518 ms why there are private addresses near the host? what are the purposes that these private addresses are used? I mean why they want to put the public IP behind private IPs? thanks!

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• Suddenly blocked from a site

  - by Diego Romero

  Suddenly from a time to now I haven't been able to go to a site I used to go frequently for maintenance (Wordpress). I tried different browsers, restarting my laptop, clearing cache, history, cookies. Also did a ping to the site ip, go 4 packets send and 4 lost. This is a problem I think with only my laptop, since I've been able to go into the site from other devices in the same network. I have also tried connecting to the same site from a completely different network with the same problem. I really don't know what to do about this, any advices? PS: site hosted in wp engine if that has anything to do with this problem.

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• Belkin router issue

  - by walr1

  Hi, My cousin and I bought a wireless Belkin router for testing purposes. Please keep in mind for all of our tests there is no ethernet cable plugged in, just the router's power cord. We have been trying to "flood" it with PING requests on its default address 192.168.2.1, but it isn't doing a thing; not even logging any attempts of too many requests. I've disabled the firewall, disabled PING request block, etc. Any idea why this thing isn't being affected? We sent 4 million packets and it hasn't done a thing. Quite odd! Thanks.

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• Bridging VirtualBox over OpenVPN TAP adapter on Windows

  - by Sean Edwards

  I'm trying to configure a virtual machine (VirtualBox guest running Backtrack 4) with a bridged adapter over a VPN connection. The VPN is is hosted by the cybersecurity club at my university, and connects to a sandboxed LAN designed for penetration testing against various servers that the club has built. My host (Windows 7 Ultimate) connects to the VPN fine and is assigned an IP through DHCP, but for some reason the VM can't do the same thing, and I'm not sure why. It's like OpenVPN is filtering out packets from the MAC address it doesn't recognize. I want the virtual machine to bridge over the VPN connection, because our IT office has very strict policies about what you can and can't do on the network. I want to be able to run active attacks (ARP spoofing, nmap, Nessus scans) in the sandbox environment without risking the traffic accidentally going over the university network and getting my internet access revoked. Bridging over the VPN connection and running all attacks from inside the VM would solve that problem. Any idea why the host can use this interface, but the VM can't?

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• benchmark tcp: ab or iperf like tool to send hex/binary/pcap data?

  - by olan

  Hello all, I have written a server in Twisted for a current project I'm working on, and now I need to test it. It receives TCP packets, with the payload consisting of just a serialised binary string. I want to be able to test the server for concurrency/throughput using the binary data as the payload, but can not find any tool that will allow me to do this. I tried iperf -F but it didn't work, as I think it was sending the binary/hex data as chars. I've also looked at ab which seems to be perfect - if only for http. As well as these, I've had a look at tcpreplay, but it doesn't perform any testing (or establish TCP connections) so it's not much use. Any help would be greatly appreciated as I'm rather stuck on this one!

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• SYN flooding still a threat to servers?

  - by Rob

  Well recently I've been reading about different Denial of Service methods. One method that kind of stuck out was SYN flooding. I'm a member of some not-so-nice forums, and someone was selling a python script that would DoS a server using SYN packets with a spoofed IP address. However, if you sent a SYN packet to a server, with a spoofed IP address, the target server would return the SYN/ACK packet to the host that was spoofed. In which case, wouldn't the spoofed host return an RST packet, thus negating the 75 second long-wait, and ultimately failing in its attempt to DoS the server?

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• dhclient configures /etc/resolv.conf with invalid entry

  - by kubal5003

  I'm trying to figure out why running dhclient on my interface sets /etc/resolv conf to the ip number of my gateway(router). This entry is invalid and each and every time causes inability to resolve any address. I would like to: stop dhclient from overwriting the /etc/resolv.conf or make dhclient write there the valid dns ip from my router More on the environment: I'm using virtual Debian Wheezy as a client system on Windows Seven x64. It is run by Virtualbox with networking mode set to bridged (all packets from debian are injected to my network interface on windows). If I manually configure the /etc/resolv.conf then everything works fine. Doing this on every boot is quite annoying.. PS I know I can write a script to do it for me, but this is not the solution I want. //edit router ip: 192.168.1.100 /etc/resolv.conf AFTER running dhclient eth0: "nameserver 192.168.1.100" what I would like the /etc/resolv.conf to look like: "nameserver 89.202.xxxx" (I don't have to provide the real ip do I? )

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• Multicasting and multicast address

  - by Zia ur Rahman

  I have confusion about the multicast addresses, I have read an example which is given by. Suppose two applications have been built to send audio over a network. One application accepts and digitizes an audio input stream, and then sends the resulting frame across the network to other application. The second application receives the digitized audio from the network, converts it back to the audio signal and plays the result over a speaker. Unless the two applications use broadcast to send frames, no other computers on the network will receive a copy of the frame. Multicasting provides an excellent solution to the problems of allowing some computers to participate in audio transmission. To use multicasting , a multicast address must be chosen for the audio application. And the receiving application passes the multicast address to the network interface. The interface begins to accept the packets sent to that address. Question: how this multicast address is chosen, how the receiving application knows that the sender using this specific destination address for the audio frames.

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• Connecting both WAN and LAN ports to the same hub

  - by C. Lee

  For some reason I wish to connect the WAN port and the LAN port on a router to the same hub and make the hub is connected to both networks, the Internet and a private network. Below is a diagram of the network configuration I'd like to build. I tried this and it didn't work as expected. PC 1 has no problem, but PC 2 cannot connect to the Internet. When I ping 192.168.0.1 from PC 2, all packets are lost. It works well when PC 2 is connected directly to the router. What's the problem with the network configuration above?

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• Can't connect to domain computers until reboot

  - by thealliedhacker

  I have a domain with about 300 Windows 7 and XP machines, with the domain controllers running Server 2003. Sometimes, I lose the ability to communicate/authenticate with some of the machines until I reboot my computer. This also happens from other computers and regardless of user account and operating system. In other words, say I'm on ComputerA, and I can't connect to ComputerX. I can go to ComputerB and connect to ComputerX, but ComputerB may not be able to connect to ComputerY. If you reboot ComputerA, then it will be able to connect to ComputerX again. Here are some messages from various utilities: sc: [SC] OpenSCManager FAILED 1722: The RPC server is unavailable. mmc (compmgmt.msc): Computer (computer name) cannot be managed. The network path was not found. explorer (\\computer): Windows cannot access \\(computer name). ping: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss) / Average = 1ms

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• Packet loss with all adapters on one PC only on the LAN

  - by Enigmativity

  I have a Windows 7 64-bit machine that is losing up to 20% of IP packets on both adapters - wireless & LAN. Browser traffic appears to be affected the most, but it is happening to all protocols. All other computers on the network are functioning fine. If I ping from my faulty machine to any machine on the LAN (wired or wirelessly), including the router/gateway and internet sites, I get up to 20% packet loss. If I do the following commands: ipconfig /release ipconfig /renew then I sometimes get my network performance back for a matter of a few seconds to less than a couple of minutes. Rebooting also works for a short period of time. This problem has been occurring for a couple of months and is getting worse. The computer used to work just fine. I updated the wireless adapter firmware the other day with no effect. Does anyone know what is happening?

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• Why is my Wifi connection slower than ethernet even though bandwidth should saturated?

  - by supercheetah

  I'm wondering why it is that my wireless connection is slower than my wired connection for things going to the outside world (so, not files being transferred within the network), which is should be faster than the outside connection, which, I would think, would mean that downloading something like an ISO or other large file from the Internet should be the same either way since that should saturate the connection anyway. Does it have something to do with the encryption (WPA)? Could it have something to do with MTU since the MTU for ethernet can be in the range of 1500 to 9000 bytes, and 2304 bytes for 802.11? Do wireless packets have to be buffered, whereas this wouldn't be an issue with ethernet? What's the math behind the difference?

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• Vista laptop won't connect to airport extreme

  - by Hutch

  Our previous router died, and to replace it I procured an apple airport extreme. My mac, my wrt54gs (with ddwrt acting as a bridge) and a linux machine have had no problem connecting to the wireless. None of the wired clients are having a problem obviously. The problem is one of my roommates can not connect. That's not strictly true. He can connect to the network, and will, infact, get a dhcp lease. However he cannot get any packets out. Can't ping the router, can't access any web sites, nothing. However he's fine if we switch to an unsecured network. Which is obviously not acceptable. The airport only allows for 'wpa/wpa2 personal' and 'wpa2 personal' (and of course the enterprise versions there of) I keep reading about this problem in multiple spots on the web, but never see any actual answers... Anyway the laptop: hp/compaq cq50-215nr vista home premium wireess card: atheros 5007 airport is simultaneos dualband II

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• dd-wrt Bonjour/ netbios etc on two subnets

  - by user72182

  Hi I was wondering if any clever people out there could help me. I have a network setup with two different subnets 192.168.1.0 and 192.168.0.0 one router is connected to a VPN (via OpenVPN) the other is not. Both routers have static routes to each other and a device on one can communicate to another without issues when using IP addresses. My problem is I want to use services like Bonjour, Netbios and Apple Talk across the two networks, which currently does not work. A laptop connected on one subnet will not see a laptop connected on another. Is there anyway that you can connect the two networks together so these sort of local service will work??? I guess I have to forward the boardcast packets but I have no idea how to do this. Thanks for any help...

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• PuTTY/SSH: How to Prevent Auto-Logout?

  - by feklee

  My ISP's SSH server (Debian 2.0) logs me out after 35 minutes of inactivity, when connected with PuTTY (Windows XP). This is a big problem when I utilize the server for port-forwarding. The final messages displayed in the terminal: This terminal has been idle 30 minutes. If it remains idle for 5 more minutes it will be logged out by the system. Logged out by the system. PuTTY options that do not help: Sending of null packets to keep session active. Seconds between keepalives (0 to turn off): 30 [x] Enable TCP keepalives (SO_KEEPALIVE option) Any idea how to avoid the auto-log-out? Should I try another SSH client?

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