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  • Why isn't my other two constant buffers being updated to the shader?

    - by Paul Ske
    I posted previously before about my two dynamic buffers not being dynamically updating the constant shader. The tessellation buffer isn't working because I have to manually update the tessellation factor inside the hull shader. I believe the camera position isn't updating either because when I perform distance adaptation the far edges are more tessellated then the what's truly in front of the camera. I have all the buffers set to dynamic. Inside the render loop I have them set as: ID3D11Buffer *multiBuffers[3]; devcon->VSSetConstantBuffers(0,3,multiBuffers); ... devcon->DSSetConstantBuffers(0,3,multiBuffers); I only got that from a directX Sample. Inside the shader file I have the three cbuffer structs. cbuffer ConstantBuffer { float4x4 WorldMatrix; float4x4 viewMatrix; float4x4 projectionMatrix; float4x4 modelWorldMatrix; // the rotation matrix float3 lightvec; // the light's vector float4 lightcol; // the light's color float4 ambientcol; // the ambient light's color bool isSelected; } cbuffer cameraBuffer { float3 cameraDirection; float padding; } cbuffer TessellationBuffer { float tessellationAmount; float3 padding2; } Am I missing something or would anyone know why wouldn't my buffers update to the shader file?

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  • How should I model an economy-based game in code?

    - by Matthew G.
    I'd like to create an economy game based on an ancient civilization. I'm not sure how to design it. If I were working on a smaller game, like a copy of "Space Invaders," I'd have no problem structuring it like this: Main Control Class Graphics Class Player Class Enemy class I don't understand how I'd do this for larger projects like my economy game. Do I create a country class that contains a bunch of towns? Do the towns contain a lot building class, most contain classes of people? Do I make a path finding class that the player can access to get around?

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  • How to play many sounds at once in OpenAL

    - by Krom Stern
    I'm developing an RTS game and I would like to add sounds to it. My choice has landed on OpenAL. I have plenty of units which from time to time make sounds: fSound.Play(sfx_shoot, location). Sounds often repeat, e.g. when squad of archers shoots arrows, but they are not synced with each other. My questions are: What is the common design pattern to play multiple sounds in OpenAL, when some of them are duplicate? What are the hardware limitations on sounds count and tricks to overcome them?

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  • Nifty default controls prevent the rest of my game from rendering

    - by zergylord
    I've been trying to add a basic HUD to my 2D LWJGL game using nifty gui, and while I've been successful in rendering panels and static text on top of the game, using the built-in nifty controls (e.g. an editable text field) causes the rest of my game to not render. The strange part is that I don't even have to render the gui control, merely declaring it appears to cause this problem. I'm truly lost here, so even the vaguest glimmer of hope would be appreciated :-) Some code showing the basic layout of the problem: display setup: // load default styles nifty.loadStyleFile("nifty-default-styles.xml"); // load standard controls nifty.loadControlFile("nifty-default-controls.xml"); screen = new ScreenBuilder("start") {{ layer(new LayerBuilder("baseLayer") {{ childLayoutHorizontal(); //next line causes the problem control(new TextFieldBuilder("input","asdf") {{ width("200px"); }}); }}); }}.build(nifty); nifty.gotoScreen("start"); rendering glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); glLoadIdentity(); GLU.gluOrtho2D(0f,WINDOW_DIMENSIONS[0],WINDOW_DIMENSIONS[1],0f); //I can remove the 2 nifty lines, and the game still won't render nifty.render(true); nifty.update(); glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); glLoadIdentity(); GLU.gluOrtho2D(0f,(float)VIEWPORT_DIMENSIONS[0],0f,(float)VIEWPORT_DIMENSIONS[1]); glTranslatef(translation[0],translation[1],0); for (Bubble bubble:bubbles){ bubble.draw(); } for (Wall wall:walls){ wall.draw(); } for(Missile missile:missiles){ missile.draw(); } for(Mob mob:mobs){ mob.draw(); } agent.draw();

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  • How to implement the light trails for a tron game?

    - by Link
    Well I was creating a TRON style game, but had an issue with creating the actual light trails for the game. What I'm doing currently is I have an array the same size as my window in pixel size, implemented like this: int* collision[800][600]; Then when the bike goes on a certain pixel, it is marked with a 1 for traveled on. However what is the most efficient way to create a working light trail display? I tried to do something like this: int i, j; for(i=0; i<800; i++) for(j=0; j<600; j++) if(*collision[i][j] == 1) Image::applySurface(i, j, trailSurface, gameScreen); But it isn't working properly? It just fills the whole screen with a sprite instead. Whats a better/faster/working way to do this?

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  • OpenGL loading functions error [on hold]

    - by Ghilliedrone
    I'm new to OpenGL, and I bought a book on it for beginners. I finished writing the sample code for making a context/window. I get an error on this line at the part PFNWGLCREATECONTEXTATTRIBSARBPROC, saying "Error: expected a ')'": typedef HGLRC(APIENTRYP PFNWGLCREATECONTEXTATTRIBSARBPROC)(HDC, HGLRC, const int*); Replacing it or adding a ")" makes it error, but the error disappears when I use the OpenGL headers included in the books CD, which are OpenGL 3.0. I would like a way to make this work with the newest gl.h/wglext.h and without libraries. Here's the rest of the class if it's needed: #include <ctime> #include <windows.h> #include <iostream> #include <gl\GL.h> #include <gl\wglext.h> #include "Example.h" #include "GLWindow.h" typedef HGLRC(APIENTRYP PFNWGLCREATECONTEXTATTRIBSARBPROC)(HDC, HGLRC, const int*); PFNWGLCREATECONTEXTATTRIBSARBPROC wglCreateContextAttribsARB = NULL; bool GLWindow::create(int width, int height, int bpp, bool fullscreen) { DWORD dwExStyle; //Window Extended Style DWORD dwStyle; //Window Style m_isFullscreen = fullscreen;//Store the fullscreen flag m_windowRect.left = 0L; m_windowRect.right = (long)width; m_windowRect.top = 0L; m_windowRect.bottom = (long)height;//Set bottom to height // fill out the window class structure m_windowClass.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX); m_windowClass.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW; m_windowClass.lpfnWndProc = GLWindow::StaticWndProc; //We set our static method as the event handler m_windowClass.cbClsExtra = 0; m_windowClass.cbWndExtra = 0; m_windowClass.hInstance = m_hinstance; m_windowClass.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION); // default icon m_windowClass.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW); // default arrow m_windowClass.hbrBackground = NULL; // don't need background m_windowClass.lpszMenuName = NULL; // no menu m_windowClass.lpszClassName = (LPCWSTR)"GLClass"; m_windowClass.hIconSm = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_WINLOGO); // windows logo small icon if (!RegisterClassEx(&m_windowClass)) { MessageBox(NULL, (LPCWSTR)"Failed to register window class", NULL, MB_OK); return false; } if (m_isFullscreen)//If we are fullscreen, we need to change the display { DEVMODE dmScreenSettings; //Device mode memset(&dmScreenSettings, 0, sizeof(dmScreenSettings)); dmScreenSettings.dmSize = sizeof(dmScreenSettings); dmScreenSettings.dmPelsWidth = width; //Screen width dmScreenSettings.dmPelsHeight = height; //Screen height dmScreenSettings.dmBitsPerPel = bpp; //Bits per pixel dmScreenSettings.dmFields = DM_BITSPERPEL | DM_PELSWIDTH | DM_PELSHEIGHT; if (ChangeDisplaySettings(&dmScreenSettings, CDS_FULLSCREEN) != DISP_CHANGE_SUCCESSFUL) { MessageBox(NULL, (LPCWSTR)"Display mode failed", NULL, MB_OK); m_isFullscreen = false; } } if (m_isFullscreen) //Is it fullscreen? { dwExStyle = WS_EX_APPWINDOW; //Window Extended Style dwStyle = WS_POPUP; //Windows Style ShowCursor(false); //Hide mouse pointer } else { dwExStyle = WS_EX_APPWINDOW | WS_EX_WINDOWEDGE; //Window Exteneded Style dwStyle = WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW; //Windows Style } AdjustWindowRectEx(&m_windowRect, dwStyle, false, dwExStyle); //Adjust window to true requested size //Class registered, so now create window m_hwnd = CreateWindowEx(NULL, //Extended Style (LPCWSTR)"GLClass", //Class name (LPCWSTR)"Chapter 2", //App name dwStyle | WS_CLIPCHILDREN | WS_CLIPSIBLINGS, 0, 0, //x, y coordinates m_windowRect.right - m_windowRect.left, m_windowRect.bottom - m_windowRect.top, //Width and height NULL, //Handle to parent NULL, //Handle to menu m_hinstance, //Application instance this); //Pass a pointer to the GLWindow here //Check if window creation failed, hwnd would equal NULL if (!m_hwnd) { return 0; } m_hdc = GetDC(m_hwnd); ShowWindow(m_hwnd, SW_SHOW); UpdateWindow(m_hwnd); m_lastTime = GetTickCount() / 1000.0f; return true; } LRESULT CALLBACK GLWindow::StaticWndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) { GLWindow* window = nullptr; //If this is the create message if (uMsg == WM_CREATE) { //Get the pointer we stored during create window = (GLWindow*)((LPCREATESTRUCT)lParam)->lpCreateParams; //Associate the window pointer with the hwnd for the other events to access SetWindowLongPtr(hWnd, GWL_USERDATA, (LONG_PTR)window); } else { //If this is not a creation event, then we should have stored a pointer to the window window = (GLWindow*)GetWindowLongPtr(hWnd, GWL_USERDATA); if (!window) { //Do the default event handling return DefWindowProc(hWnd, uMsg, wParam, lParam); } } //Call our window's member WndProc(allows us to access member variables) return window->WndProc(hWnd, uMsg, wParam, lParam); } LRESULT GLWindow::WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) { switch (uMsg) { case WM_CREATE: { m_hdc = GetDC(hWnd); setupPixelFormat(); //Set the version that we want, in this case 3.0 int attribs[] = { WGL_CONTEXT_MAJOR_VERSION_ARB, 3, WGL_CONTEXT_MINOR_VERSION_ARB, 0, 0}; //Create temporary context so we can get a pointer to the function HGLRC tmpContext = wglCreateContext(m_hdc); //Make the context current wglMakeCurrent(m_hdc, tmpContext); //Get the function pointer wglCreateContextAttribsARB = (PFNWGLCREATECONTEXTATTRIBSARBPROC)wglGetProcAddress("wglCreateContextAttribsARB"); //If this is NULL then OpenGl 3.0 is not supported if (!wglCreateContextAttribsARB) { MessageBox(NULL, (LPCWSTR)"OpenGL 3.0 is not supported", (LPCWSTR)"An error occured", MB_ICONERROR | MB_OK); DestroyWindow(hWnd); return 0; } //Create an OpenGL 3.0 context using the new function m_hglrc = wglCreateContextAttribsARB(m_hdc, 0, attribs); //Delete the temporary context wglDeleteContext(tmpContext); //Make the GL3 context current wglMakeCurrent(m_hdc, m_hglrc); m_isRunning = true; } break; case WM_DESTROY: //Window destroy case WM_CLOSE: //Windows is closing wglMakeCurrent(m_hdc, NULL); wglDeleteContext(m_hglrc); m_isRunning = false; //Stop the main loop PostQuitMessage(0); break; case WM_SIZE: { int height = HIWORD(lParam); //Get height and width int width = LOWORD(lParam); getAttachedExample()->onResize(width, height); //Call the example's resize method } break; case WM_KEYDOWN: if (wParam == VK_ESCAPE) //If the escape key was pressed { DestroyWindow(m_hwnd); } break; default: break; } return DefWindowProc(hWnd, uMsg, wParam, lParam); } void GLWindow::processEvents() { MSG msg; //While there are messages in the queue, store them in msg while (PeekMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE)) { //Process the messages TranslateMessage(&msg); DispatchMessage(&msg); } } Here is the header: #pragma once #include <ctime> #include <windows.h> class Example;//Declare our example class class GLWindow { public: GLWindow(HINSTANCE hInstance); //default constructor bool create(int width, int height, int bpp, bool fullscreen); void destroy(); void processEvents(); void attachExample(Example* example); bool isRunning(); //Is the window running? void swapBuffers() { SwapBuffers(m_hdc); } static LRESULT CALLBACK StaticWndProc(HWND wnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam); LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND wnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam); float getElapsedSeconds(); private: Example* m_example; //A link to the example program bool m_isRunning; //Is the window still running? bool m_isFullscreen; HWND m_hwnd; //Window handle HGLRC m_hglrc; //Rendering context HDC m_hdc; //Device context RECT m_windowRect; //Window bounds HINSTANCE m_hinstance; //Application instance WNDCLASSEX m_windowClass; void setupPixelFormat(void); Example* getAttachedExample() { return m_example; } float m_lastTime; };

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  • NVidia control panel SSAO not working

    - by János Turánszki
    I am just before implementing screen space ambient occlusion in my game, but first I wanted to try enabling it from NVidia control panel only to find out that it is greyed out so that I can not enable it. With this I could enable SSAO for some other games, but not every one. I know this technique requires the depth buffer and (optionally) a normal map texture to sample information from which I already have access to given I have a deferred renderer working. After that I actually thought to roll back to a previous version of my game which still uses forward rendering so the depth buffer is actually bound to the backbuffer which I render to from the get-go so that maybe the NVidia control panel would somehow make use of it. It was not working with forward rendering either. (I also tried FXAA in the control panel and that works - but it doesn't need any depth or normal texture) So my question is that how can I enable this function so that it would work by enabling it in the NVidia control panel?

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  • Has a multi player graphic adventure* ever been made?

    - by Petruza
    By graphic adventure, I mean point & click LucasArts-type games. Those games have a mostly linear structure in nature, and usually don't offer as many variants as other games types like action, rpg, strategy, which makes this genre difficult to implement a multi-player feature. I'd like to know if there has been any attempts on doing such a thing, and if it would be viable, as players going offline or leaving a game in the middle would affect significantly the other players' game.

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  • How was 20Q made?

    - by Dan the Man
    Ever since I was a kid, I've wondered how they made the 20Q electronic game. In this game, which is it's on device, you think of an object, thing, or animal (e.g. a potato or a donkey), once you mentally choose your thing, the device goes through a series of questions such as: Is it larger than a loaf of bread? Is it found outdoors? Is it used for recreation? For each of the questions you can answer yes, no, maybe, or unknown. The way I've always thought of it to work was with immense, nested conditionals (if statements). But, I don't think that would be very likely as it would be terribly difficult to understand while coding it. I'm not looking for a discussion as SE doesn't allow it; I'm looking for concrete knowledge or solutions.

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  • The most efficent ways for drawing lines all day long with OpenGL

    - by nkint
    I'd like to put a computer screen that is running an OpenGL programs in a room. It has to run all day long (not in the night). I'd like to draw lines that are slowly fading in the background. The setting is simple: a uniform color background (say, black) and colored lines (say, white) that are slowly fading out. With slowly I mean.. hours. Say that the first line I draw is with alpha 255 (fully visible), after one hours is 240. After 10 hours is 105. One line could have 250 points and there will be like 300 line in one day. For now I have done a prototype with very rudimentary method like: glBegin( GL_LINE_STRIP ); iterator = point_list.begin(); for (++iterator, end = point_list.end(); iterator != end; ++iterator) { const Vec3D &v = *iterator; glVertex2f(v.x(), v.y()); } glEnd(); More efficient method?

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  • Splitting a tetris game apart - where to put time-management?

    - by nightcracker
    I am creating a tetris game in C++ & SDL, and I'm trying to do it "good" by making it object-oriented and keeping scopes small. So far I have the following structure: A main with some lowlevel SDL set up and handling input A game class that keeps track of score and provides the interface for main (move block down, etc) A map class that keeps track of the current game field, which blocks are where. Used by the game class. A block class that consists of the current falling block, used by game. A renderer class abstracting low level SDL to a format where you render "tetris blocks". Used by map and block. Now I have a though time where to place the time-management of this game. For example, where should be decided when a block bumps the bottom of the screen how long it takes the current block locks in place and a new block spawns? I also have an other unrelated question, is there some place where you can find some standard data on tetris like standard score tables, rulesets, timings, etc?

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  • Getting a texture from a renderbuffer in OpenGL?

    - by Rushyo
    I've got a renderbuffer (DepthStencil) in an FBO and I need to get a texture from it. I can't have both a DepthComponent texture and a DepthStencil renderbuffer in the FBO, it seems, so I need some way to convert the renderbuffer to a DepthComponent texture after I'm done with it for use later down the pipeline. I've tried plenty of techniques to grab the depth component from the renderbuffer for weeks but I always come out with junk. All I want at the end is the same texture I'd get from an FBO if I wasn't using a renderbuffer. Can anyone post some comprehensive instructions or code that covers this seemingly simple operation? EDIT: Linky to an extract version of the code http://dl.dropbox.com/u/9279501/fbo.cs Screeny of the Depth of Field effect + FBO - without depth(!) http://i.stack.imgur.com/Hj9Oe.jpg Screeny without Depth of Field effect + FBO - depth working fine http://i.stack.imgur.com/boOm1.jpg

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  • converting 2d grid of squares to polygon nav mesh

    - by Roflha
    I haven't actually started programming for this one yet, but I wanted to see how I would go about doing this anyway. Say I have a 2D matrix of squares, all of the same size, some traversable and some not. How would I go about creating a navigation mesh of polygons from this grid. Is there any reading I can look at until I get a chance to get to my computer or should I just give it a go. My idea was to take the non-traversable squares out and extend lines from there edges to make polygons.. that's all I have got so far. Any advice?

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  • How to control an actor movement in UDK

    - by Mikalichov
    This might be very basic, but I couldn't find something relevant to what I need (see below). I am working on a very basic thing: a 3D environment with some buildings, and actors walking inside it. It looks like following: I mainly want to manage to have one actor standing around, idling, and another walking around the area. Right now, this is done through matinee + skeletal mesh groups, and forcing a looped animation on the actors: But I realize this is super caveman-level. So I've build an AnimTree, linking the idling and directional animations to the corresponding nodes. But then, I'm stuck. I added the AnimTree in the actors properties, but nothing happens. I've tried MoveToActor, but no success - is there a thing to set to allow an actor to move? Also, I place the actors on the map manually (they are supposed to be unique), should I spawn them instead? Every tutorial I find explains how to use an AnimTree for the player character, which is not what I want. I need a way to move the actors. I tried to look for AI tutorials, but only found UT3 bots-modifications, which is not what I need either. Since I have so much trouble finding how to do this through Kismet, I'm starting to suspect this has to be done through scripting/coding, but I would like to be sure there is no way to do it through Kismet before going that route. Every bit of answer about how to tell an actor something along the lines of "go in that direction as much as you can, then when you hit a wall turn 45° and continue" would be awesome. I'll be happy to move/edit the question if there is any problem with it

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  • Problem with alleg42.dll / program crashes / Allegro & Codeblocks

    - by user24152
    I'm having a serious problem with allegro. The program should display random pixels on the screen and when I build and run it I get the following error message: Below is the full code of my program: #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <time.h> #include "allegro.h" #define Text_Color_Red makecol(255,0,0) int main() { int ret; int color_depth = 32; int x; int y; int red; int green; int blue; int color; //init allegro allegro_init(); //install keyboard install_keyboard(); //set color depth to 32 bits set_color_depth(color_depth); //init random seed srand(time(NULL)); //init video mode to 640 x 480 ret = set_gfx_mode(GFX_AUTODETECT_WINDOWED,640,480,0,0); if(ret !=0) { allegro_message(allegro_error); return 1; } //Display string textprintf(screen,font,0,0,10,0,Text_Color_Red,"Screen Resolution is: %dx%d -- Press ESC to quit !",SCREEN_W,SCREEN_H); //display pixels until ESC key is pressed //wait for keypress while(!key[KEY_ESC]) { //set a random location x = 10 + rand() % (SCREEN_W-20); y = 10 + rand() % (SCREEN_H-20); //set a random color red = rand() % 255; green = rand() % 255; blue = rand() % 255; color = makecol(red,green,blue); //draw the pixel putpixel(screen, x, y, color); } //quit allegro allegro_exit(); } END_OF_MAIN() Error message: AllegroPixels1.exe has encountered a problem and needs to close. We are sorry for the inconvenience. Error signature: AppName: allegropixels1.exe AppVer: 0.0.0.0 ModName: alleg42.dll ModVer: 4.2.3.0 Offset: 0006c05c I am using Windows XP inside a virtual machine under Parallels 7.0

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  • Hashing 3D position into 2D position

    - by notabene
    I am doing volumetric raycasting and curently working on depth jitter. I have 3D position on ray and want to sample 2D noise texture to jitter the depth. Function for converting (or hashing) 3D position to 2D have to produce absolutely different numbers for a little changes (especialy because i am sampling in texture space so sample values differs very very little) and have to be "shader-wise" - so forget about branches, cycles etc. I'm looking forward for yours nice and fast solutions.

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  • CCSpriteHole in cocos2d 2.0?

    - by rakkarage
    i was using this cocos2d class CCSpriteHole in cocos2d 1.0 fine... http://jpsarda.tumblr.com/post/15779708304/new-cocos2d-iphone-extensions-a-progress-bar-and-a i am trying to convert it to cocos2d 2.0... i got it to compile by changing glVertexPointer to glVertexAttribPointer like in the 2.0 version of CCSpriteScale9 here http://jpsarda.tumblr.com/post/9162433577/scale9grid-for-cocos2d and changing contentSizeInPixels_ to contentSize_... -(id) init { if( (self=[super init]) ) { opacityModifyRGB_ = YES; opacity_ = 255; color_ = colorUnmodified_ = ccWHITE; capSize=capSizeInPixels=CGSizeZero; //Not used blendFunc_.src = CC_BLEND_SRC; blendFunc_.dst = CC_BLEND_DST; // update texture (calls updateBlendFunc) [self setTexture:nil]; // default transform anchor anchorPoint_ = ccp(0.5f, 0.5f); vertexDataCount=24; vertexData = (ccV2F_C4F_T2F*) malloc(vertexDataCount * sizeof(ccV2F_C4F_T2F)); [self setTextureRectInPixels:CGRectZero untrimmedSize:CGSizeZero]; } return self; } -(id) initWithTexture:(CCTexture2D*)texture rect:(CGRect)rect { NSAssert(texture!=nil, @"Invalid texture for sprite"); // IMPORTANT: [self init] and not [super init]; if( (self = [self init]) ) { [self setTexture:texture]; [self setTextureRect:rect]; } return self; } -(id) initWithTexture:(CCTexture2D*)texture { NSAssert(texture!=nil, @"Invalid texture for sprite"); CGRect rect = CGRectZero; rect.size = texture.contentSize; return [self initWithTexture:texture rect:rect]; } -(id) initWithFile:(NSString*)filename { NSAssert(filename!=nil, @"Invalid filename for sprite"); CCTexture2D *texture = [[CCTextureCache sharedTextureCache] addImage: filename]; if( texture ) return [self initWithTexture:texture]; return nil; } +(id)spriteWithFile:(NSString*)f { return [[self alloc] initWithFile:f]; } - (void) dealloc { if (vertexData) free(vertexData); } -(void) updateColor { ccColor4F color4; color4.r=(float)color_.r/255.0f; color4.g=(float)color_.g/255.0f; color4.b=(float)color_.b/255.0f; color4.a=(float)opacity_/255.0f; for (int i=0; i<vertexDataCount; i++) { vertexData[i].colors=color4; } } -(void)updateTextureCoords:(CGRect)rect { CCTexture2D *tex = texture_; if(!tex) return; float atlasWidth = (float)tex.pixelsWide; float atlasHeight = (float)tex.pixelsHigh; float left,right,top,bottom; left = rect.origin.x/atlasWidth; right = left + rect.size.width/atlasWidth; top = rect.origin.y/atlasHeight; bottom = top + rect.size.height/atlasHeight; // // |/|/|/| // CGSize capTexCoordsSize=CGSizeMake(capSizeInPixels.width/atlasWidth, capSizeInPixels.height/atlasHeight); // From left to right //Top band // Left vertexData[0].texCoords=(ccTex2F){left,top}; vertexData[1].texCoords=(ccTex2F){left,top+capTexCoordsSize.height}; vertexData[2].texCoords=(ccTex2F){left+capTexCoordsSize.width,top}; vertexData[3].texCoords=(ccTex2F){left+capTexCoordsSize.width,top+capTexCoordsSize.height}; // Center vertexData[4].texCoords=(ccTex2F){right-capTexCoordsSize.width,top}; vertexData[5].texCoords=(ccTex2F){right-capTexCoordsSize.width,top+capTexCoordsSize.height}; // Right vertexData[6].texCoords=(ccTex2F){right,top}; vertexData[7].texCoords=(ccTex2F){right,top+capTexCoordsSize.height}; //Center band // Left vertexData[8].texCoords=(ccTex2F){left,bottom-capTexCoordsSize.height}; vertexData[9].texCoords=(ccTex2F){left,top+capTexCoordsSize.height}; vertexData[10].texCoords=(ccTex2F){left+capTexCoordsSize.width,bottom-capTexCoordsSize.height}; vertexData[11].texCoords=(ccTex2F){left+capTexCoordsSize.width,top+capTexCoordsSize.height}; // Center vertexData[12].texCoords=(ccTex2F){right-capTexCoordsSize.width,bottom-capTexCoordsSize.height}; vertexData[13].texCoords=(ccTex2F){right-capTexCoordsSize.width,top+capTexCoordsSize.height}; // Right vertexData[14].texCoords=(ccTex2F){right,bottom-capTexCoordsSize.height}; vertexData[15].texCoords=(ccTex2F){right,top+capTexCoordsSize.height}; //Bottom band //Left vertexData[16].texCoords=(ccTex2F){left,bottom}; vertexData[17].texCoords=(ccTex2F){left,bottom-capTexCoordsSize.height}; vertexData[18].texCoords=(ccTex2F){left+capTexCoordsSize.width,bottom}; vertexData[19].texCoords=(ccTex2F){left+capTexCoordsSize.width,bottom-capTexCoordsSize.height}; // Center vertexData[20].texCoords=(ccTex2F){right-capTexCoordsSize.width,bottom}; vertexData[21].texCoords=(ccTex2F){right-capTexCoordsSize.width,bottom-capTexCoordsSize.height}; // Right vertexData[22].texCoords=(ccTex2F){right,bottom}; vertexData[23].texCoords=(ccTex2F){right,bottom-capTexCoordsSize.height}; } -(void) updateVertices { float left=0; //-spriteSizeInPixels.width*0.5f; float right=left+contentSize_.width; float bottom=0; //-spriteSizeInPixels.height*0.5f; float top=bottom+contentSize_.height; float holeLeft=holeRect.origin.x*CC_CONTENT_SCALE_FACTOR(); float holeRight=holeLeft+holeRect.size.width*CC_CONTENT_SCALE_FACTOR(); float holeBottom=holeRect.origin.y*CC_CONTENT_SCALE_FACTOR(); float holeTop=holeBottom+holeRect.size.height*CC_CONTENT_SCALE_FACTOR(); // // |/|/|/| // // From left to right //Top band // Left vertexData[0].vertices=(ccVertex2F){left,top}; vertexData[1].vertices=(ccVertex2F){left,holeTop}; vertexData[2].vertices=(ccVertex2F){holeLeft,top}; vertexData[3].vertices=(ccVertex2F){holeLeft,holeTop}; // Center vertexData[4].vertices=(ccVertex2F){holeRight,top}; vertexData[5].vertices=(ccVertex2F){holeRight,holeTop}; // Right vertexData[6].vertices=(ccVertex2F){right,top}; vertexData[7].vertices=(ccVertex2F){right,holeTop}; //Center band // Left vertexData[8].vertices=(ccVertex2F){left,holeBottom}; vertexData[9].vertices=(ccVertex2F){left,holeTop}; vertexData[10].vertices=(ccVertex2F){holeLeft,holeBottom}; vertexData[11].vertices=(ccVertex2F){holeLeft,holeTop}; // Center vertexData[12].vertices=(ccVertex2F){holeRight,holeBottom}; vertexData[13].vertices=(ccVertex2F){holeRight,holeTop}; // Right vertexData[14].vertices=(ccVertex2F){right,holeBottom}; vertexData[15].vertices=(ccVertex2F){right,holeTop}; //Bottom band //Left vertexData[16].vertices=(ccVertex2F){left,bottom}; vertexData[17].vertices=(ccVertex2F){left,holeBottom}; vertexData[18].vertices=(ccVertex2F){holeLeft,bottom}; vertexData[19].vertices=(ccVertex2F){holeLeft,holeBottom}; // Center vertexData[20].vertices=(ccVertex2F){holeRight,bottom}; vertexData[21].vertices=(ccVertex2F){holeRight,holeBottom}; // Right vertexData[22].vertices=(ccVertex2F){right,bottom}; vertexData[23].vertices=(ccVertex2F){right,holeBottom}; } -(void) setHole:(CGRect)r inRect:(CGRect)totalSurface { holeRect=r; self.contentSize=totalSurface.size; holeRect.origin=ccpSub(holeRect.origin,totalSurface.origin); CGPoint holeCenter=ccp(holeRect.origin.x+holeRect.size.width*0.5f,holeRect.origin.y+holeRect.size.height*0.5f); self.anchorPoint=ccp(holeCenter.x/contentSize_.width,holeCenter.y/contentSize_.height); //[self updateTextureCoords:rectInPixels_]; [self updateVertices]; [self updateColor]; } -(void) draw { BOOL newBlend = NO; if( blendFunc_.src != CC_BLEND_SRC || blendFunc_.dst != CC_BLEND_DST ) { newBlend = YES; glBlendFunc( blendFunc_.src, blendFunc_.dst ); } glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, [texture_ name]); glVertexAttribPointer(kCCVertexAttrib_Position, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, sizeof(ccV2F_C4F_T2F), &vertexData[0].vertices); glVertexAttribPointer(kCCVertexAttrib_TexCoords, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, sizeof(ccV2F_C4F_T2F), &vertexData[0].texCoords); glVertexAttribPointer(kCCVertexAttrib_Color, 4, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, sizeof(ccV2F_C4F_T2F), &vertexData[0].colors); glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0, 8); glVertexAttribPointer(kCCVertexAttrib_Position, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, sizeof(ccV2F_C4F_T2F), &vertexData[8].vertices); glVertexAttribPointer(kCCVertexAttrib_TexCoords, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, sizeof(ccV2F_C4F_T2F), &vertexData[8].texCoords); glVertexAttribPointer(kCCVertexAttrib_Color, 4, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, sizeof(ccV2F_C4F_T2F), &vertexData[8].colors); glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0, 8); glVertexAttribPointer(kCCVertexAttrib_Position, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, sizeof(ccV2F_C4F_T2F), &vertexData[16].vertices); glVertexAttribPointer(kCCVertexAttrib_TexCoords, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, sizeof(ccV2F_C4F_T2F), &vertexData[16].texCoords); glVertexAttribPointer(kCCVertexAttrib_Color, 4, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, sizeof(ccV2F_C4F_T2F), &vertexData[16].colors); glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0, 8); if( newBlend ) glBlendFunc(CC_BLEND_SRC, CC_BLEND_DST); } -(void)setTextureRectInPixels:(CGRect)rect untrimmedSize:(CGSize)untrimmedSize { rectInPixels_ = rect; rect_ = CC_RECT_PIXELS_TO_POINTS( rect ); //[self setContentSizeInPixels:untrimmedSize]; [self updateTextureCoords:rectInPixels_]; } -(void)setTextureRect:(CGRect)rect { CGRect rectInPixels = CC_RECT_POINTS_TO_PIXELS( rect ); [self setTextureRectInPixels:rectInPixels untrimmedSize:rectInPixels.size]; } // // RGBA protocol // #pragma mark CCSpriteHole - RGBA protocol -(GLubyte) opacity { return opacity_; } -(void) setOpacity:(GLubyte) anOpacity { opacity_ = anOpacity; // special opacity for premultiplied textures if( opacityModifyRGB_ ) [self setColor: (opacityModifyRGB_ ? colorUnmodified_ : color_ )]; [self updateColor]; } - (ccColor3B) color { if(opacityModifyRGB_){ return colorUnmodified_; } return color_; } -(void) setColor:(ccColor3B)color3 { color_ = colorUnmodified_ = color3; if( opacityModifyRGB_ ){ color_.r = color3.r * opacity_/255; color_.g = color3.g * opacity_/255; color_.b = color3.b * opacity_/255; } [self updateColor]; } -(void) setOpacityModifyRGB:(BOOL)modify { ccColor3B oldColor = self.color; opacityModifyRGB_ = modify; self.color = oldColor; } -(BOOL) doesOpacityModifyRGB { return opacityModifyRGB_; } #pragma mark CCSpriteHole - CocosNodeTexture protocol -(void) updateBlendFunc { if( !texture_ || ! [texture_ hasPremultipliedAlpha] ) { blendFunc_.src = GL_SRC_ALPHA; blendFunc_.dst = GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA; [self setOpacityModifyRGB:NO]; } else { blendFunc_.src = CC_BLEND_SRC; blendFunc_.dst = CC_BLEND_DST; [self setOpacityModifyRGB:YES]; } } -(void) setTexture:(CCTexture2D*)texture { // accept texture==nil as argument NSAssert( !texture || [texture isKindOfClass:[CCTexture2D class]], @"setTexture expects a CCTexture2D. Invalid argument"); texture_ = texture; [self updateBlendFunc]; } -(CCTexture2D*) texture { return texture_; } @end but now positioning and scaling seem to not work? and it starts in the wrong position... but changing the opacity still works. so i was wondering if anyone can see why my 2.0 version is not working? or if maybe there is a better way to do a sprite hole with cocos2d/opengl 2.0? shaders? thanks

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  • Optimizing hierarchical transform

    - by Geotarget
    I'm transforming objects in 3D space by transforming each vector with the object's 4x4 transform matrix. In order to achieve hierarchical transform, I transform the child by its own matrix, and then the child by the parent matrix. This becomes costly because objects deeper in the display tree have to be transformed by all the parent objects. This is what's happening, in summary: Root -- transform its verts by Root matrix Parent -- transform its verts by Parent, Root matrix Child -- transform its verts by Child, Parent, Root matrix Is there a faster way to transform vertices to achieve hierarchical transform? What If I first concatenated each transform matrix with the parent matrices, and then transform verts by that final resulting matrix, would that work and wouldn't that be faster? Root -- transform its verts by Root matrix Parent -- concat Parent, Root matrices, transform its verts by Concated matrix Child -- concat Child, Parent, Root matrices, transform its verts by Concated matrix

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  • How do I separate model positions from view positions in MVC?

    - by tieTYT
    Using MVC in games (as opposed to web apps) always confuses me when it comes to the view. How am I supposed to keep the model agnostic of how the view is presenting things? I always end up giving the Model a position that holds x and y but invariably, these values end up being in units of pixels and that feels wrong. I can see the advantage* of avoiding that but how am I supposed to? This idea was suggested: Don't think of it in units of pixels, think of them in arbitrary distance units that just happen map to pixels at a 1:1 ratio. Oh, the resolution is half of what it was? We are now taking the x/y coordinates at 50% value for screen display, and your spells casting range is still 300 units long, which now is 150 pixels. But those numbers conveniently work out. What do I do if the numbers divide in such a way that I get decimal places? Floating points are unsafe. I think allowing decimal places would eventually cause really weird bugs in my game. *It'd let me write the model once and write different views depending on the device.

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  • How to solve problems with movement in simple tile based multiplayer game?

    - by Murlo
    I'm making a simple tile based 2D multiplayer game in JavaScript using socket.io where you can move one tile every 200 ms. The two solutions I've tried are as follows: The client sends "walk one tile north" every 200 ms. Problem: People can easily hack the client to send the action more often. The client sends "walking north" and "stopped walking". Problem: Sometimes the player moves extra steps when "stopped walking" doesn't arrive in time. Do you know a way around these problems or is there a better way to do it? EDIT: Regarding the first solution I've tried adding validation on the server to check if it has been 200 ms since last movement. The problem is that latency still encourages people just to spam the action as much as possible, giving them an unfair advantage.

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  • Why do I have an error when adding states in slick?

    - by SystemNetworks
    When I was going to create another state I had an error. This is my code: public static final int play2 = 3; and public Game(String gamename){ this.addState(new mission(play2)); } and public void initStatesList(GameContainer gc) throws SlickException{ this.getState(play2).init(gc, this); } I have an error in the addState. above the above code. I don't know where is the problem. But if you want the whole code it is here: package javagame; import org.newdawn.slick.*; import org.newdawn.slick.state.*; public class Game extends StateBasedGame{ public static final String gamename = "NET FRONT"; public static final int menu = 0; public static final int play = 1; public static final int train = 2; public static final int play2 = 3; public Game(String gamename){ super(gamename); this.addState(new Menu(menu)); this.addState(new Play(play)); this.addState(new train(train)); this.addState(new mission(play2)); } public void initStatesList(GameContainer gc) throws SlickException{ this.getState(menu).init(gc, this); this.getState(play).init(gc, this); this.getState(train).init(gc, this); this.enterState(menu); this.getState(play2).init(gc, this); } public static void main(String[] args) { try{ AppGameContainer app =new AppGameContainer(new Game(gamename)); app.setDisplayMode(1500, 1000, false); app.start(); }catch(SlickException e){ e.printStackTrace(); } } } //SYSTEM NETWORKS(C) 2012 NET FRONT

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  • Extremely Hybrid Game requirements

    - by tugrul büyükisik
    What system specifications would a game need if it was: Total players per planet: ~20000 Total players per team:~1M Total players per map(small volume of space or small surface over a planet): ~2000 Total players: ~10M(world has more players than this amount i think) Two of the players are commanders of opposite quadrants(from HUD of a strategy game). Lots of players use space-crafts as a captain(like 3d fps and rts). Many many players control consoles in those space-crafts as under command of captains.(fps ) Some players are still in stone-age trying to reinvent wheel in some planet. Players design and construct any vehicles they have. With good physics engine Has puzzles inside. Everyone get experience by doing stuff(RPG). Commerce, income or totally different resource-based group(like starcraft) Player classes(primitive: cunning and strong, wrapped: healthy, wealthy) Arcade top-down style firing with ships when people get bored very low chance of miraculous things.(mediclorians, wormholes, bugs) Different game-modes: persistent(living world), resetted periodically(a new chance for noobs), instant(pre-built space + hack&slash) I suspect this would need 128GB ram and 2048 cores.

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  • non randomic enemy movement implementation

    - by user601836
    I would like to implement enemy movement on a X-Y grid. Would it be a good idea to have a predefined table with an initial X-Y position and a predefined "surveillance path"? Each enemy will follow its path until it detects a player, at this point it will start chasing it using a chasing algorithm. According to a friend of mine this implementation is good because the design of a good path will provide to the user a sort of reality sensation.

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  • Draw contour around object in Opengl

    - by Maciekp
    I need to draw contour around 2d objects in 3d space. I tried drawing lines around object(+points to fill the gap), but due to line width, some part of it(~50%) was covering object. I tried to use stencil buffer, to eliminate this problem, but I got sth like this(contour is green): http://goo.gl/OI5uc (sorry I can't post images, due to my reputation) You can see(where arrow points), that some parts of line are behind object, and some are above. This changes when I move camera, but always there is some part, that is covering it. Here is code, that I use for drawing object: glColorMask(1,1,1,1); std::list<CObjectOnScene*>::iterator objIter=ptr->objects.begin(),objEnd=ptr->objects.end(); int countStencilBit=1; while(objIter!=objEnd) { glColorMask(1,1,1,1); glStencilFunc(GL_ALWAYS,countStencilBit,countStencilBit); glStencilOp(GL_REPLACE,GL_KEEP,GL_REPLACE ); (*objIter)->DrawYourVertices(); glStencilFunc(GL_NOTEQUAL,countStencilBit,countStencilBit); glStencilOp(GL_KEEP,GL_KEEP,GL_REPLACE); (*objIter)->DrawYourBorder(); ++objIter; ++countStencilBit; } I've tried different settings of stencil buffer, but always I was getting sth like that. Here is question: 1.Am I setting stencil buffer wrong? 2. Are there any other simple ways to create contour on such objects? Thanks in advance. EDIT: 1. I don't have normals of objects. 2. Object can be concave. 3. I can't use shaders(see below why).

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  • Image loaded from TGA texture isn't displayed correctly

    - by Ramy Al Zuhouri
    I have a TGA texture containing this image: The texture is 256x256. So I'm trying to load it and map it to a cube: #import <OpenGL/OpenGL.h> #import <GLUT/GLUT.h> #import <stdlib.h> #import <stdio.h> #import <assert.h> GLuint width=640, height=480; GLuint texture; const char* const filename= "/Users/ramy/Documents/C/OpenGL/Test/Test/texture.tga"; void init() { // Initialization glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST); glViewport(-500, -500, 1000, 1000); glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); glLoadIdentity(); gluPerspective(45, width/(float)height, 1, 1000); glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW); glLoadIdentity(); gluLookAt(0, 0, -100, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0); // Texture char bitmap[256][256][3]; FILE* fp=fopen(filename, "r"); assert(fp); assert(fread(bitmap, 3*sizeof(char), 256*256, fp) == 256*256); fclose(fp); glGenTextures(1, &texture); glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture); glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR); glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR); glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGB, 256, 256, 0, GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, bitmap); } void display() { glClearColor(0, 0, 0, 0); glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D); glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture); glColor3ub(255, 255, 255); glBegin(GL_QUADS); glVertex3f(0, 0, 0); glTexCoord2f(0.0, 0.0); glVertex3f(40, 0, 0); glTexCoord2f(0.0, 1.0); glVertex3f(40, 40, 0); glTexCoord2f(1.0, 1.0); glVertex3f(0, 40, 0); glTexCoord2f(1.0, 0.0); glEnd(); glDisable(GL_TEXTURE_2D); glutSwapBuffers(); } int main(int argc, char** argv) { glutInit(&argc, argv); glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_RGB | GLUT_DEPTH | GLUT_DOUBLE); glutInitWindowPosition(100, 100); glutInitWindowSize(width, height); glutCreateWindow(argv[0]); glutDisplayFunc(display); init(); glutMainLoop(); return 0; } But this is what I get when the window loads: So just half of the image is correctly displayed, and also with different colors.Then if I resize the window I get this: Magically the image seems to fix itself, even if the colors are wrong.Why?

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