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  • Apache Server SSL Problems

    - by Kid XD
    Hi There is this weird problem going on with putting ssl on the server I keep on getting this error in the terminal after I already created the .key and .crt files but it keeps on saying I placed the files in the conf.d directory and I already configured the thing so there is something that I did wrong there I also used openssl to create a .key and the .crt files thanks for the help if anyone can service apache2 reload Syntax error on line 1 of /etc/apache2/conf.d/www.domainname.crt Invalid command '-----BEGIN', perhaps misspelled or defined by a module not included in the server configuration Action 'conftest' failed. The Apache error log may have more information. ...fail!

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  • Silverlight 4 RIA does not return anything using DomainContext

    - by Savvas Sopiadis
    Hi everybody! Just learning Silverlight 4/RIA and i 'm stuck in a weird problem: setup an ASP.NET MVC project as the project hosting the Domain service. In this i tried to get data from the Domain Service which worked fine (i'm using a repository in it). Now i tried to setup a SL4 project. I though i do it the MVVM-way, so i decided to setup a ViewModel Class with the following code: public class ViewModel { OrganizationDomainContext dsCtxt = new OrganizationDomainContext(); public ViewModel() { EntityQuery<Culture> query = from cu in dsCtxt.GetAllCulturesQuery() select cu; LoadOperation<Culture> lo = dsCtxt.Load(query); } } The crazy thing about this is .. it doesn't return anything!!! What am i missing here? Thanks in advance

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  • getting last insert id .sqlalchemy orm

    - by gummmibear
    Hi i use sqlalchemy, i need some help. import hashlib import sqlalchemy as sa from sqlalchemy import orm from allsun.model import meta t_user = sa.Table("users",meta.metadata,autoload=True) class Duplicat(Exception): pass class LoginExistsException(Exception): pass class EmailExistsException(Exception): pass class User(object): """ def __setattr__(self, key, value): if key=='password' : value=unicode(hashlib.sha512(value).hexdigset()) object.__setattr__(self,key,value) """ def loginExists(self): try: meta.Session.query(User).filter(User.login==self.login).one() except orm.exc.NoResultFound: pass else: raise LoginExistsException() def emailExists(self): try: meta.Session.query(User).filter(User.email==self.email).one() except orm.exc.NoResultFound: pass else: raise EmailExistsException() def save(self): meta.Session.begin() meta.Session.save(self) try: meta.Session.commit() except sa.exc.IntegrityError: raise Duplicat() How can i get inserted id when i call? user = User() user.login = request.params['login'] user.password = hashlib.sha512(request.params['password']).hexdigest() user.email = request.params['email'] user.save()

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  • Cannot populate form with ajax and populate jquery plugin

    - by Azriel_
    I'm trying to populate a form with jquery's populate plugin, but using $.ajax The idea is to retrieve data from my database according to the id in the links (ex of link: get_result_edit.php?id=34), reformulate it to json, return it to my page and fill up the form up with the populate plugin. But somehow i cannot get it to work. Any ideas: here's the code: $('a').click(function(){ $('#updatediv').hide('slow'); $.ajax({ type: "GET", url: "get_result_edit.php", success: function(data) { var $response=$(data); $('#form1').populate($response); } }); $('#updatediv').fadeIn('slow'); return false; whilst the php file states as follow: <?php $conn = new mysqli('localhost', 'XXXX', 'XXXXX', 'XXXXX'); @$query = 'Select * FROM news WHERE id ="'.$_GET['id'].'"'; $stmt = $conn->query($query) or die ($mysql->error()); if ($stmt) { $results = $stmt->fetch_object(); // get database data $json = json_encode($results); // convert to JSON format echo $json; } ?> Now first thing is that the mysql returns a null in this way: is there something wrong with he declaration of the sql statement in the $_GET part? Second is that even if i put a specific record to bring up, populate doesn't populate. Update: I changed the populate library with the one called "PHP jQuery helper functions" and the difference is that finally it says something. finally i get an error saying NO SUCH ELEMENT AS i wen into the library to have a look and up comes the following function function populateFormElement(form, name, value) { // check that the named element exists in the form var name = name; // handle non-php naming var element = form[name]; if(element == undefined) { debug('No such element as ' + name); return false; } // debug options if(options.debug) { _populate.elements.push(element); } } Now looking at it one can see that it should print out also the name, but its not printing it out. so i'm guessing that retrieving the name form the json is not working correctly. Link is at http://www.ocdmonline.org/michael/edit%5Fnews.php with username: Testing and pass:test123 Any ideas?

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  • Successful SQL Injection despite PHP Magic Quotes

    - by Crimson
    I have always read that Magic Quotes do not stop SQL Injections at all but I am not able to understand why not! As an example, let's say we have the following query: SELECT * FROM tablename WHERE email='$x'; Now, if the user input makes $x=' OR 1=1 --, the query would be: SELECT * FROM tablename WHERE email='\' OR 1=1 --'; The backslash will be added by Magic Quotes with no damage done whatsoever! Is there a way that I am not seeing where the user can bypass the Magic Quote insertions here?

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  • nhibernate hql date functions

    - by Russel
    Hi Im writing a notification platform using C# and NHibernate. Im having difficulties with my queries. I have a Customer entity - which contains a AssessmentCompleted Property. A notification should be sent out 21 months after certification. So my query needs to include all customers where their AssessmentCompletedDate + 21months < currentDate. How do I achieve this? Is there a month add method in nhibernate? I need to add 21 months to each AssessmentCompletedProperty...My query needs to look something like: SELECT new Notification(c.Id, c.Description, c.AssessmentCompleted + 21 FROM Cusomter c AND c.AssessmentCompleted + 21 <= :EndDate

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  • Bing search API using Jsonp not working, invalid label

    - by Blankman
    Struggling with Bing's json request (bing search, not map), I am getting an error back that says 'Invalid Label' My query url is: var bingurl="http://api.search.live.net/json.aspx?Appid=##APIKEY##&query=Honda&sources=web"; $.ajax({ type: "GET", url: bingurl, data: "{}", contentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8", dataType: "jsonp", success: function(data) { $callBack(data); }, error: function(msg) { alert("error" + msg); } }); Firebug reports 'invalid label' and then dumps the json response. No idea what is wrong? help appreciated.

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  • Javascript not able to read data generated by ajax script

    - by user1371033
    I have a situation in which my Jquery Ajax script generates HTML table. And another script is meant to filter the table column by providing a dropdown comprising of unique values in that particular column. If i have static content in html page the filter script works fine. But is not able to read table content when it is generated via Ajax that is during runtime. Any idea what could be the reason. I also tried to align script in order. My Ajax script is here:- $(document).ready(function() { $("#getResults").click(function(){ bug = $("#bug").val(); priority = $("#priority").val(); component = $("#component").val(); fixVersion = $("#fixVersion").val(); dateType = $("#dateType").val(); fromDate = $("#dp2").val(); toDate = $("#dp3").val(); $("#query").empty(); $("tbody").empty(); $.post("getRefineSearchResultsPath", {bug:bug,priority:priority,component:component, fixVersion:fixVersion,dateType:dateType,fromDate:fromDate,toDate:toDate }, function(data) { // setting value for csv report button //clear the value attribute for button first $("#query_csv").removeAttr("value"); //setting new value to "value" attribute of the csv button $("#query_csv").attr("value", function(){ return $(data).find("query").text(); }); $("#query").append("<p class='text-success'>Query<legend></legend><small>" +$(data).find("query").text() +"</small></p>"); var count = 1; $(data).find("issue").each(function(){ var $issue = $(this); var value = "<tr>"; value += "<td>" +count +"</td>"; value += "<td>" +$issue.find('issueKey').text() +"</td>"; value += "<td>" +$issue.find('type').text() +"</td>"; value += "<td><div id='list' class='summary'>" +$issue.find('summary').text() +"</div></td>"; value += "<td><div id='list' class='mousescroll'>" +$issue.find('description').text() +"</div></td>"; value += "<td>" +$issue.find('priority').text() +"</td>"; value += "<td>" +$issue.find('component').text() +"</td>"; value += "<td>" +$issue.find('status').text() +"</td>"; value += "<td>" +$issue.find('fixVersion').text() +"</td>"; value += "<td>" +$issue.find('resolution').text() +"</td>"; value += "<td>" +$issue.find('created').text() +"</td>"; value += "<td>" +$issue.find('updated').text() +"</td>"; value += "<td>" +$issue.find('os').text() +"</td>"; value += "<td>" +$issue.find('frequency').text() +"</td>"; value += "<td>"; var number_of_attachement = $issue.find('attachment').size(); if(number_of_attachement > 0){ value += "<div id='list' class='attachment'>"; value += "<ul class='unstyled'>"; $issue.find('attachment').each(function(){ var $attachment = $(this); value += "<li>"; value += "<a href='#' onclick='document.f1.attachmentName.value='" +$attachment.find('attachmentName').text(); value += "';document.f1.issueKey.value='"+$attachment.find('attachmentissueKey').text(); value += "';document.f1.digest.value='"+$attachment.find('attachmentdigest').text(); value += "';document.f1.submit();'>"+$attachment.find('attachmentName').text(); value += "</a>"; value += "</li>"; value += "<br>"; }); value +="</ul>"; value +="</div>"; } value += "</td>"; value += "</tr>"; $("tbody").append(value); count++; }); }); }); }); And my script to filter table is here, I got this script from this link http://www.javascripttoolbox.com/lib/table/ My JSP page is here:- <html> <body> <table class="table table-bordered table-condensed table-hover example sort01 table-autosort:0 table-autofilter table-autopage:10 table-page-number:t1page table-page-count:t1pages table-filtered-rowcount:t1filtercount table-rowcount:t1allcount"> <thead > <tr> <th class="table-sortable:numeric" Style="width:3%;">No.</th> <th class="table-sortable:default" Style="width:5.5%;">Issue Key <br> </th> <th>Type</th> <th Style="text-align: center;">Summary</th> <th Style="text-align: center;">Description</th> <th class="table-filterable table-sortable:default" id ="priorityColumn" Style="width:5%">Priority</th> <th class="table-filterable table-sortable:default" >Component</th> <th class="table-filterable table-sortable:default" Style="width:5%">Status</th> <th class="table-filterable table-sortable:default">Fix Version</th> <th class="table-filterable table-sortable:default" Style="width:6%">Resolution</th> <th>Created</th> <th>Updated</th> <th>OS</th> <th>Frequency</th> <th>Attachments</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> </tbody> <tfoot> <tr> <td class="table-page:previous" style="cursor:pointer;"><img src="table/icons/previous.gif" alt="Previous"><small>Prev</small></td> <td colspan="13" style="text-align:center;">Page <span id="t1page"></span>&nbsp;of <span id="t1pages"></span></td> <td class="table-page:next" style="cursor:pointer;">Next <img src="table/icons/next.gif" alt="Previous"></td> </tr> <tr Style="background-color: #dddddd"> <td colspan="15"><span id="t1filtercount"></span>&nbsp;of <span id="t1allcount"></span>&nbsp;rows match filter(s)</td> </tr> <tr class="text-success"> <td colspan="15">Total Results : ${count}</td> </tr> </tfoot> </table> </body> </html>

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  • when I click submit it should change the text and update the row something is wrong there

    - by Yousef Altaf
    good morning programers, I have this small code which content a news control panel and I made a submit button there to active or inactive the news row so if I click on this button it should change if it's active it will be inactive it worked but there's something wrong there when I click on item one it updates the last on the table not the first on as it should do. here is the code that I use <?php $getNewsData="select * from news"; $QgetNewsData=$db->query($getNewsData)or die($db->error); $count=mysqli_num_rows($QgetNewsData); while($newsRow = mysqli_fetch_array($QgetNewsData)) { $getActivityStatus=$newsRow['news_activity']; switch($getActivityStatus){ case 1: echo"<input style='color:red; font-weight:bold; background:none; border:0;' name='inactive' type='submit' value='?????' /><input name='inActive' type='hidden' value='".$newsRow['news_id']."'/>"; break; case 0: echo"<input style='color:green; font-weight:bold; background:none; border:0;' name='active' type='submit' value='?????' /><input name='Active' type='hidden' value='".$newsRow['news_id']."'/>"; break;} } if(isset($_POST['inactive'])){ $inActive=$_POST['inActive']; echo $inActive; $updateStatus="UPDATE news SET news_activity=0 WHERE news_id='".$inActive."' "; $QupdateStatus=$db->query($updateStatus)or die($db->error); if($QupdateStatus){ } } if(isset($_POST['active'])){ $Active=$_POST['Active']; echo $Active; $updateStatus="UPDATE news SET news_activity=1 WHERE news_id='".$Active."' "; $QupdateStatus=$db->query($updateStatus)or die($db->error); if($QupdateStatus){ header("Location:CpanelHome.php?id=7"); } } ?> please any idea to solve this problem. Thanks, regards

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  • PHP: How to cast object to inherited class?

    - by andreyvlru
    I'd like to inherit PDOStatement class and use it in my website scripts. But I am frustrated how to get required object. PDO::query returns only direct PDOStatement object and looks like there are no other method to create PDOStatement object or inherited class. Initially i thought to move PDOStatement object to constructor of inherit class Something like that: $stmt = PDO -> query("select * from messages"); $messageCollection = new Messaging_Collection($stmt); But how to make instance of PDOStatement to inherited object (Messaging_Collection). It is a big question for me. class Messaging_Collection extends PDOStatement { public function __construct(PDOStatement $stmt) { //there i should to transform $stmt to $this // direct $this = $stmt is not possible // is there other right way? }

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  • MDX performance vs. T-SQL

    - by SubPortal
    I have a database containing tables with more than 600 million records and a set of stored procedures that make complex search operations on the database. The performance of the stored procedures is so slow even with suitable indexes on the tables. The design of the database is a normal relational db design. I want to change the database design to be multidimensional and use the MDX queries instead of the traditional T-SQL queries but the question is: Is the MDX query better than the traditional T-SQL query with regard to performance? and if yes, to what extent will that improve the performance of the queries? Thanks for any help.

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  • Lucene.Net PrefixQuery

    - by Sole
    Hi, i´m development a suggest box for my site search service. I has to search fields like these: Visual Basic Enterprise Edition Visual C++ Visual J++ My code is: Directory dir = Lucene.Net.Store.FSDirectory.GetDirectory("Index", false); IndexSearcher searcher = new Lucene.Net.Search.IndexSearcher( dir,true); Term term = new Term("nombreAnalizado", _que); PrefixQuery query = new PrefixQuery(term); TopDocs topDocs = searcher.Search(query, 10000); This code works well in this case: "Enterprise" will match "Visual Basic Enterprise Edition" But "Enterprise E" doesn´t match anything. I removed white spaces at indexing time and when the user is searching. Thanks.

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  • Yii - Custom GridView with Multiple Tables

    - by savinger
    So, I've extended GridView to include an Advanced Search feature tailored to the needs of my organization. Filter - lets you show/hide columns in the table, and you can also reorder columns by dragging the little drag icon to the left of each item. Sort - Allows for the selection of multiple columns, specify Ascending or Descending. Search - Select your column and insert search parameters. Operators tailored to data type of selected column. Version 1 works, albeit slowly. Basically, I had my hands in the inner workings of CGridView, where I snatch the results from the DataProvider and do the searching and sorting in PHP before rendering the table contents. Now writing Version 2, where I aim to focus on clever CDbCriteria creation, allowing MySQL to do the heavy lifting so it will run quicker. The implementation is trivial when dealing with a single database table. The difficulty arises when I'm dealing with 2 or more tables... For example, if the user intends to search on a field that is a STAT relation, I need that relation to be present in my query. Here's the question. How do I assure that Yii includes all with relations in my query so that I include comparisons? I've included all my relations with my criteria in the model's search function and I've tried CDbCriteria's together ... public function search() { $criteria=new CDbCriteria; $criteria->compare('id', $this->id); $criteria->compare( ... ... $criteria->with = array('relation1','relation2','relation3'); $criteria->together = true; return new CActiveDataProvider( get_class($this), array( 'criteria'=>$criteria, 'pagination' => array('pageSize' => 50) ));} But I still get errors like this... CDbCommand failed to execute the SQL statement: SQLSTATE[42S22]: Column not found: 1054 Unknown column 't.relation3' in 'where clause'. The SQL statement executed was: SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT `t`.`id`) FROM `table` `t` LEFT OUTER JOIN `relation_table` `relation0` ON (`t`.`id`=`relation0`.`id`) LEFT OUTER JOIN `relation_table` `relation1` ON (`t`.`id`=`relation1`.`id`) WHERE (`t`.`relation3` < 1234567890) Where relation0 and relation1 are BELONGS_TO relations, but any STAT relations are missing. Furthermore, why is the query a SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT 't'.'id') ?

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  • How to shoot yourself in the foot (DO NOT Read in the office)

    - by TATWORTH
    Originally posted on: http://geekswithblogs.net/TATWORTH/archive/2013/06/21/how-to-shoot-yourself-in-the-foot-do-not-read.aspxLet me make it absolutely clear - the following is:merely collated by your Geek from http://www.codeproject.com/Lounge.aspx?msg=3917012#xx3917012xxvery, very very funny so you read it in the presence of others at your own riskso here is the list - you have been warned!C You shoot yourself in the foot.   C++ You accidently create a dozen instances of yourself and shoot them all in the foot. Providing emergency medical assistance is impossible since you can't tell which are bitwise copies and which are just pointing at others and saying "That's me, over there."   FORTRAN You shoot yourself in each toe, iteratively, until you run out of toes, then you read in the next foot and repeat. If you run out of bullets, you continue anyway because you have no exception-handling facility.   Modula-2 After realizing that you can't actually accomplish anything in this language, you shoot yourself in the head.   COBOL USEing a COLT 45 HANDGUN, AIM gun at LEG.FOOT, THEN place ARM.HAND.FINGER on HANDGUN.TRIGGER and SQUEEZE. THEN return HANDGUN to HOLSTER. CHECK whether shoelace needs to be retied.   Lisp You shoot yourself in the appendage which holds the gun with which you shoot yourself in the appendage which holds the gun with which you shoot yourself in the appendage which holds...   BASIC Shoot yourself in the foot with a water pistol. On big systems, continue until entire lower body is waterlogged.   Forth Foot yourself in the shoot.   APL You shoot yourself in the foot; then spend all day figuring out how to do it in fewer characters.   Pascal The compiler won't let you shoot yourself in the foot.   Snobol If you succeed, shoot yourself in the left foot. If you fail, shoot yourself in the right foot.   HyperTalk Put the first bullet of the gun into foot left of leg of you. Answer the result.   Prolog You tell your program you want to be shot in the foot. The program figures out how to do it, but the syntax doesn't allow it to explain.   370 JCL You send your foot down to MIS with a 4000-page document explaining how you want it to be shot. Three years later, your foot comes back deep-fried.   FORTRAN-77 You shoot yourself in each toe, iteratively, until you run out of toes, then you read in the next foot and repeat. If you run out of bullets, you continue anyway because you still can't do exception-processing.   Modula-2 (alternative) You perform a shooting on what might be currently a foot with what might be currently a bullet shot by what might currently be a gun.   BASIC (compiled) You shoot yourself in the foot with a BB using a SCUD missile launcher.   Visual Basic You'll really only appear to have shot yourself in the foot, but you'll have so much fun doing it that you won't care.   Forth (alternative) BULLET DUP3 * GUN LOAD FOOT AIM TRIGGER PULL BANG! EMIT DEAD IF DROP ROT THEN (This takes about five bytes of memory, executes in two to ten clock cycles on any processor and can be used to replace any existing function of the language as well as in any future words). (Welcome to bottom up programming - where you, too, can perform compiler pre-processing instead of writing code)   APL (alternative) You hear a gunshot and there's a hole in your foot, but you don't remember enough linear algebra to understand what happened. or @#&^$%&%^ foot   Pascal (alternative) Same as Modula-2 except that the bullet is not the right type for the gun and your hand is blown off.   Snobol (alternative) You grab your foot with your hand, then rewrite your hand to be a bullet. The act of shooting the original foot then changes your hand/bullet into yet another foot (a left foot).   Prolog (alternative) You attempt to shoot yourself in the foot, but the bullet, failing to find its mark, backtracks to the gun, which then explodes in your face.   COMAL You attempt to shoot yourself in the foot with a water pistol, but the bore is clogged, and the pressure build-up blows apart both the pistol and your hand. or draw_pistol aim_at_foot(left) pull_trigger hop(swearing)   Scheme As Lisp, but none of the other appendages are aware of this happening.   Algol You shoot yourself in the foot with a musket. The musket is aesthetically fascinating and the wound baffles the adolescent medic in the emergency room.   Ada If you are dumb enough to actually use this language, the United States Department of Defense will kidnap you, stand you up in front of a firing squad and tell the soldiers, "Shoot at the feet." or The Department of Defense shoots you in the foot after offering you a blindfold and a last cigarette. or After correctly packaging your foot, you attempt to concurrently load the gun, pull the trigger, scream and shoot yourself in the foot. When you try, however, you discover that your foot is of the wrong type. or After correctly packing your foot, you attempt to concurrently load the gun, pull the trigger, scream, and confidently aim at your foot knowing it is safe. However the cordite in the round does an Unchecked Conversion, fires and shoots you in the foot anyway.   Eiffel   You create a GUN object, two FOOT objects and a BULLET object. The GUN passes both the FOOT objects a reference to the BULLET. The FOOT objects increment their hole counts and forget about the BULLET. A little demon then drives a garbage truck over your feet and grabs the bullet (both of it) on the way. Smalltalk You spend so much time playing with the graphics and windowing system that your boss shoots you in the foot, takes away your workstation and makes you develop in COBOL on a character terminal. or You send the message shoot to gun, with selectors bullet and myFoot. A window pops up saying Gunpowder doesNotUnderstand: spark. After several fruitless hours spent browsing the methods for Trigger, FiringPin and IdealGas, you take the easy way out and create ShotFoot, a subclass of Foot with an additional instance variable bulletHole. Object Oriented Pascal You perform a shooting on what might currently be a foot with what might currently be a bullet fired from what might currently be a gun.   PL/I You consume all available system resources, including all the offline bullets. The Data Processing & Payroll Department doubles its size, triples its budget, acquires four new mainframes and drops the original one on your foot. Postscript foot bullets 6 locate loadgun aim gun shoot showpage or It takes the bullet ten minutes to travel from the gun to your foot, by which time you're long since gone out to lunch. The text comes out great, though.   PERL You stab yourself in the foot repeatedly with an incredibly large and very heavy Swiss Army knife. or You pick up the gun and begin to load it. The gun and your foot begin to grow to huge proportions and the world around you slows down, until the gun fires. It makes a tiny hole, which you don't feel. Assembly Language You crash the OS and overwrite the root disk. The system administrator arrives and shoots you in the foot. After a moment of contemplation, the administrator shoots himself in the foot and then hops around the room rabidly shooting at everyone in sight. or You try to shoot yourself in the foot only to discover you must first reinvent the gun, the bullet, and your foot.or The bullet travels to your foot instantly, but it took you three weeks to load the round and aim the gun.   BCPL You shoot yourself somewhere in the leg -- you can't get any finer resolution than that. Concurrent Euclid You shoot yourself in somebody else's foot.   Motif You spend days writing a UIL description of your foot, the trajectory, the bullet and the intricate scrollwork on the ivory handles of the gun. When you finally get around to pulling the trigger, the gun jams.   Powerbuilder While attempting to load the gun you discover that the LoadGun system function is buggy; as a work around you tape the bullet to the outside of the gun and unsuccessfully attempt to fire it with a nail. In frustration you club your foot with the butt of the gun and explain to your client that this approximates the functionality of shooting yourself in the foot and that the next version of Powerbuilder will fix it.   Standard ML By the time you get your code to typecheck, you're using a shoot to foot yourself in the gun.   MUMPS You shoot 583149 AK-47 teflon-tipped, hollow-point, armour-piercing bullets into even-numbered toes on odd-numbered feet of everyone in the building -- with one line of code. Three weeks later you shoot yourself in the head rather than try to modify that line.   Java You locate the Gun class, but discover that the Bullet class is abstract, so you extend it and write the missing part of the implementation. Then you implement the ShootAble interface for your foot, and recompile the Foot class. The interface lets the bullet call the doDamage method on the Foot, so the Foot can damage itself in the most effective way. Now you run the program, and call the doShoot method on the instance of the Gun class. First the Gun creates an instance of Bullet, which calls the doFire method on the Gun. The Gun calls the hit(Bullet) method on the Foot, and the instance of Bullet is passed to the Foot. But this causes an IllegalHitByBullet exception to be thrown, and you die.   Unix You shoot yourself in the foot or % ls foot.c foot.h foot.o toe.c toe.o % rm * .o rm: .o: No such file or directory % ls %   370 JCL (alternative) You shoot yourself in the head just thinking about it.   DOS JCL You first find the building you're in in the phone book, then find your office number in the corporate phone book. Then you have to write this down, then describe, in cubits, your exact location, in relation to the door (right hand side thereof). Then you need to write down the location of the gun (loading it is a proprietary utility), then you load it, and the COBOL program, and run them, and, with luck, it may be run tonight.   VMS   $ MOUNT/DENSITY=.45/LABEL=BULLET/MESSAGE="BYE" BULLET::BULLET$GUN SYS$BULLET $ SET GUN/LOAD/SAFETY=OFF/SIGHT=NONE/HAND=LEFT/CHAMBER=1/ACTION=AUTOMATIC/ LOG/ALL/FULL SYS$GUN_3$DUA3:[000000]GUN.GNU $ SHOOT/LOG/AUTO SYS$GUN SYS$SYSTEM:[FOOT]FOOT.FOOT   %DCL-W-ACTIMAGE, error activating image GUN -CLI-E-IMGNAME, image file $3$DUA240:[GUN]GUN.EXE;1 -IMGACT-F-NOTNATIVE, image is not an OpenVMS Alpha AXP image or %SYS-F-FTSHT, foot shot (fifty lines of traceback omitted) sh,csh, etc You can't remember the syntax for anything, so you spend five hours reading manual pages, then your foot falls asleep. You shoot the computer and switch to C.   Apple System 7 Double click the gun icon and a window giving a selection for guns, target areas, plus balloon help with medical remedies, and assorted sound effects. Click "shoot" button and a small bomb appears with note "Error of Type 1 has occurred."   Windows 3.1 Double click the gun icon and wait. Eventually a window opens giving a selection for guns, target areas, plus balloon help with medical remedies, and assorted sound effects. Click "shoot" button and a small box appears with note "Unable to open Shoot.dll, check that path is correct."   Windows 95 Your gun is not compatible with this OS and you must buy an upgrade and install it before you can continue. Then you will be informed that you don't have enough memory.   CP/M I remember when shooting yourself in the foot with a BB gun was a big deal.   DOS You finally found the gun, but can't locate the file with the foot for the life of you.   MSDOS You shoot yourself in the foot, but can unshoot yourself with add-on software.   Access You try to point the gun at your foot, but it shoots holes in all your Borland distribution diskettes instead.   Paradox Not only can you shoot yourself in the foot, your users can too.   dBase You squeeze the trigger, but the bullet moves so slowly that by the time your foot feels the pain, you've forgotten why you shot yourself anyway. or You buy a gun. Bullets are only available from another company and are promised to work so you buy them. Then you find out that the next version of the gun is the one scheduled to actually shoot bullets.   DBase IV, V1.0 You pull the trigger, but it turns out that the gun was a poorly designed hand grenade and the whole building blows up.   SQL You cut your foot off, send it out to a service bureau and when it returns, it has a hole in it but will no longer fit the attachment at the end of your leg. or Insert into Foot Select Bullet >From Gun.Hand Where Chamber = 'LOADED' And Trigger = 'PULLED'   Clipper You grab a bullet, get ready to insert it in the gun so that you can shoot yourself in the foot and discover that the gun that the bullets fits has not yet been built, but should be arriving in the mail _REAL_SOON_NOW_. Oracle The menus for coding foot_shooting have not been implemented yet and you can't do foot shooting in SQL.   English You put your foot in your mouth, then bite it off. (For those who don't know, English is a McDonnell Douglas/PICK query language which allegedly requires 110% of system resources to run happily.) Revelation [an implementation of the PICK Operating System] You'll be able to shoot yourself in the foot just as soon as you figure out what all these bullets are for.   FlagShip Starting at the top of your head, you aim the gun at yourself repeatedly until, half an hour later, the gun is finally pointing at your foot and you pull the trigger. A new foot with a hole in it appears but you can't work out how to get rid of the old one and your gun doesn't work anymore.   FidoNet You put your foot in your mouth, then echo it internationally.   PicoSpan [a UNIX-based computer conferencing system] You can't shoot yourself in the foot because you're not a host. or (host variation) Whenever you shoot yourself in the foot, someone opens a topic in policy about it.   Internet You put your foot in your mouth, shoot it, then spam the bullet so that everybody gets shot in the foot.   troff rmtroff -ms -Hdrwp | lpr -Pwp2 & .*place bullet in footer .B .NR FT +3i .in 4 .bu Shoot! .br .sp .in -4 .br .bp NR HD -2i .*   Genetic Algorithms You create 10,000 strings describing the best way to shoot yourself in the foot. By the time the program produces the optimal solution, humans have evolved wings and the problem is moot.   CSP (Communicating Sequential Processes) You only fail to shoot everything that isn't your foot.   MS-SQL Server MS-SQL Server’s gun comes pre-loaded with an unlimited supply of Teflon coated bullets, and it only has two discernible features: the muzzle and the trigger. If that wasn't enough, MS-SQL Server also puts the gun in your hand, applies local anesthetic to the skin of your forefinger and stitches it to the gun's trigger. Meanwhile, another process has set up a spinal block to numb your lower body. It will then proceeded to surgically remove your foot, cryogenically freeze it for preservation, and attach it to the muzzle of the gun so that no matter where you aim, you will shoot your foot. In order to avoid shooting yourself in the foot, you need to unstitch your trigger finger, remove your foot from the muzzle of the gun, and have it surgically reattached. Then you probably want to get some crutches and go out to buy a book on SQL Server Performance Tuning.   Sybase Sybase's gun requires assembly, and you need to go out and purchase your own clip and bullets to load the gun. Assembly is complicated by the fact that Sybase has hidden the gun behind a big stack of reference manuals, but it hasn't told you where that stack is. While you were off finding the gun, assembling it, buying bullets, etc., Sybase was also busy surgically removing your foot and cryogenically freezing it for preservation. Instead of attaching it to the muzzle of the gun, though, it packed your foot on dry ice and sent it UPS-Ground to an unnamed hookah bar somewhere in the middle east. In order to shoot your foot, you must modify your gun with a GPS system for targeting and hire some guy named "Indy" to find the hookah bar and wire the coordinates back to you. By this time, you've probably become so daunted at the tasks stand between you and shooting your foot that you hire a guy who's read all the books on Sybase to help you shoot your foot. If you're lucky, he'll be smart enough both to find your foot and to stop you from shooting it.   Magic software You spend 1 week looking up the correct syntax for GUN. When you find it, you realise that GUN will not let you shoot in your own foot. It will allow you to shoot almost anything but your foot. You then decide to build your own gun. You can't use the standard barrel since this will only allow for standard bullets, which will not fire if the barrel is pointed at your foot. After four weeks, you have created your own custom gun. It blows up in your hand without warning, because you failed to initialise the safety catch and it doesn't know whether the initial state is "0", 0, NULL, "ZERO", 0.0, 0,0, "0.0", or "0,00". You fix the problem with your remaining hand by nesting 12 safety catches, and then decide to build the gun without safety catch. You then shoot the management and retire to a happy life where you code in languages that will allow you to shoot your foot in under 10 days.FirefoxLets you shoot yourself in as many feet as you'd like, while using multiple great addons! IEA moving target in terms of standard ammunition size and doesn't always work properly with non-Microsoft ammunition, so sometimes you shoot something other than your foot. However, it's the corporate world's standard foot-shooting apparatus. Hackers seem to enjoy rigging websites up to trigger cascading foot-shooting failures. Windows 98 About the same as Windows 95 in terms of overall bullet capacity and triggering mechanisms. Includes updated DirectShot API. A new version was released later on to support USB guns, Windows 98 SE.WPF:You get your baseball glove and a ball and you head out to your backyard, where you throw balls to your pitchback. Then your unkempt-haired-cargo-shorts-and-sandals-with-white-socks-wearing neighbor uses XAML to sculpt your arm into a gun, the ball into a bullet and the pitchback into your foot. By now, however, only the neighbor can get it to work and he's only around from 6:30 PM - 3:30 AM. LOGO: You very carefully lay out the trajectory of the bullet. Then you start the gun, which fires very slowly. You walk precisely to the point where the bullet will travel and wait, but just before it gets to you, your class time is up and one of the other kids has already used the system to hack into Sony's PS3 network. Flash: Someone has designed a beautiful-looking gun that anyone can shoot their feet with for free. It weighs six hundred pounds. All kinds of people are shooting themselves in the feet, and sending the link to everyone else so that they can too. That is, except for the criminals, who are all stealing iOS devices that the gun won't work with.APL: Its (mostly) all greek to me. Lisp: Place ((gun in ((hand sight (foot then shoot))))) (Lots of Insipid Stupid Parentheses)Apple OS/X and iOS Once a year, Steve Jobs returns from sick leave to tell millions of unwavering fans how they will be able to shoot themselves in the foot differently this year. They retweet and blog about it ad nauseam, and wait in line to be the first to experience "shoot different".Windows ME Usually fails, even at shooting you in the foot. Yo dawg, I heard you like shooting yourself in the foot. So I put a gun in your gun, so you can shoot yourself in the foot while you shoot yourself in the foot. (Okay, I'm not especially proud of this joke.) Windows 2000 Now you really do have to log in, before you are allowed to shoot yourself in the foot.Windows XPYou thought you learned your lesson: Don't use Windows ME. Then, along came this new creature, built on top of Windows NT! So you spend the next couple days installing antivirus software, patches and service packs, just so you can get that driver to install, and then proceed to shoot yourself in the foot. Windows Vista Newer! Glossier! Shootier! Windows 7 The bullets come out a lot smoother. Active Directory Each bullet now has an attached Bullet Identifier, and can be uniquely identified. Policies can be applied to dictate fragmentation, and the gun will occasionally have a confusing delay after the trigger has been pulled. PythonYou try to use import foot; foot.shoot() only to realize that's only available in 3.0, to which you can't yet upgrade from 2.7 because of all those extension libs lacking support. Solaris Shoots best when used on SPARC hardware, but still runs the trigger GUI under Java. After weeks of learning the appropriate STOP command to prevent the trigger from automatically being pressed on boot, you think you've got it under control. Then the one time you ever use dtrace, it hits a bug that fires the gun. MySQL The feature that allows you to shoot yourself in the foot has been in development for about 6 years, and they are adding it into the next version, which is coming out REAL SOON NOW, promise! But you can always check it out of source control and try it yourself (just not in any environment where data integrity is important because it will probably explode.) PostgreSQLAllows you to have a smug look on your face while you shoot yourself in the foot, because those MySQL guys STILL don't have that feature. NoSQL Barrel? Who needs a barrel? Just put the bullet on your foot, and strike it with a hammer. See? It's so much simpler and more efficient that way. You can even strike multiple bullets in one swing if you swing with a good enough arc, because hammers are easy to use. Getting them to synchronize is a little difficult, though.Eclipse There are about a dozen different packages for shooting yourself in the foot, with weird interdependencies on outdated components. Once you finally navigate the morass and get one installed, you then have something to look at while you shoot yourself in the foot with that package: You can watch the screen redraw.Outlook Makes it really easy to let everyone know you shot yourself in the foot!Shooting yourself in the foot using delegates.You really need to shoot yourself in the foot but you hate firearms (you don't want any dependency on the specifics of shooting) so you delegate it to somebody else. You don't care how it is done as long is shooting your foot. You can do it asynchronously in case you know you may faint so you are called back/slapped in the face by your shooter/friend (or background worker) when everything is done.C#You prepare the gun and the bullet, carefully modeling all of the physics of a bullet traveling through a foot. Just before you're about to pull the trigger, you stumble on System.Windows.BodyParts.Foot.ShootAt(System.Windows.Firearms.IGun gun) in the extended framework, realize you just wasted the entire afternoon, and shoot yourself in the head.PHP<?phprequire("foot_safety_check.php");?><!DOCTYPE HTML><html><head> <!--Lower!--><title>Shooting me in the foot</title></head> <body> <!--LOWER!!!--><leg> <!--OK, I made this one up...--><footer><?php echo (dungSift($_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT'], "ie"))?("Your foot is safe, but you might want to wear a hard hat!"):("<div class=\"shot\">BANG!</div>"); ?></footer></leg> </body> </html>

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  • Trying to parse twitter trends

    - by timothy5216
    Im trying to parse twitter trends but i keep getting a parser error at "as_of". anyone know why this is happening? EDIT: Here is the code im using NSMutableArray *tweets; tweets = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init]; NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://search.twitter.com/trends/current.json"]; trendsArray = [[NSMutableArray alloc] initWithArray:[CCJSONParser objectFromJSON:[NSString stringWithContentsOfURL:url encoding:4 error:nil]]]; NSMutableDictionary *dict = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] init]; for (int i = 0; i < [trendsArray count]; i++) { dict = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] init]; //[post setObject: [[currentArray objectAtIndex:i] objectForKey:@"query"]]; [dict setObject:[trendsArray objectAtIndex:i] forKey:@"trends"]; //[dict setObject:[trendsArray objectAtIndex:i] forKey:@"query"]; //[post setObject:[trendsArray objectAtIndex:i] forKey:@"as_of"]; [tweets addObject:dict]; //post = nil; }

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  • Rails, JSON Object, jQuery, Auto-Complete

    - by Michael Waxman
    I'm using this jquery autocomplete plug-in with rails: http://docs.jquery.com/Plugins/Autocomplete I can't figure out how to format my results, both in my Rails controller and in my javascript file. I have something like this in my controller... @query = params[:q].downcase @json = User.all(:login => /^#{@query}/) respond_to do |format| format.js { render :json => @json.to_json(:only => "login"), :layout => false } end And then this in my script.js file... $("#form").autocomplete('/url', { width: 320, dataType: 'json', highlight: false, scroll: true, scrollHeight: 300 }) But I can't figure out how to parse the data, so my autocomplete just gets a raw array of all my results at once. How do I process the JSON in the script.js file and/or in my controller for it to work?

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  • Django Haystack exact filtering

    - by blackrobot
    I have a haystack search which has the following SearchIndex: class GrantIndex(indexes.SearchIndex): """ This provides the search index for the Grant application. """ text = indexes.CharField(document=True, use_template=True) year = indexes.IntegerField(model_attr='year__year') date = indexes.DateField(model_attr='date') program = indexes.CharField(model_attr='program__area') grantee = indexes.CharField(model_attr='grantee') amount = indexes.IntegerField(model_attr='amount') site.register(Grant, GrantIndex) If I want to search filtering out any programs that ARE NOT 'Health', I run the following query: from haystack.query import SearchQuerySet sqs = SearchQuerySet() sqs = sqs.filter(program='Health') Unfortunately, this also produces objects from the program 'Health\Other' and 'Health\Cardiovascular'. How do I stop the search from allowing those other programs in? I run Ubuntu 9.10 with Xapian as my search back-end.

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  • Why is my mysql database timestamp changing by itself?

    - by Scarface
    Hey guys quick question, I have an entry that I put in my database, and as I echo the value, the value in the database stays the same while the data echoed keeps increasing, which is messing up my function. If anyone knows whats going down, would appreciate any suggestions. <?php include("../includes/connection.php"); $query="SELECT * FROM points LEFT JOIN users ON points.user_id=users.id WHERE points.topic_id='82' AND users.username='gman'"; $check=mysql_query($query); while ($row=mysql_fetch_assoc($check)){ $points_id=$row['points_id']; echo $timestamp=$row['timestamp']; } ?>

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  • C#/.NET Little Wonders: The Generic Func Delegates

    - by James Michael Hare
    Once again, in this series of posts I look at the parts of the .NET Framework that may seem trivial, but can help improve your code by making it easier to write and maintain. The index of all my past little wonders posts can be found here. Back in one of my three original “Little Wonders” Trilogy of posts, I had listed generic delegates as one of the Little Wonders of .NET.  Later, someone posted a comment saying said that they would love more detail on the generic delegates and their uses, since my original entry just scratched the surface of them. Last week, I began our look at some of the handy generic delegates built into .NET with a description of delegates in general, and the Action family of delegates.  For this week, I’ll launch into a look at the Func family of generic delegates and how they can be used to support generic, reusable algorithms and classes. Quick Delegate Recap Delegates are similar to function pointers in C++ in that they allow you to store a reference to a method.  They can store references to either static or instance methods, and can actually be used to chain several methods together in one delegate. Delegates are very type-safe and can be satisfied with any standard method, anonymous method, or a lambda expression.  They can also be null as well (refers to no method), so care should be taken to make sure that the delegate is not null before you invoke it. Delegates are defined using the keyword delegate, where the delegate’s type name is placed where you would typically place the method name: 1: // This delegate matches any method that takes string, returns nothing 2: public delegate void Log(string message); This delegate defines a delegate type named Log that can be used to store references to any method(s) that satisfies its signature (whether instance, static, lambda expression, etc.). Delegate instances then can be assigned zero (null) or more methods using the operator = which replaces the existing delegate chain, or by using the operator += which adds a method to the end of a delegate chain: 1: // creates a delegate instance named currentLogger defaulted to Console.WriteLine (static method) 2: Log currentLogger = Console.Out.WriteLine; 3:  4: // invokes the delegate, which writes to the console out 5: currentLogger("Hi Standard Out!"); 6:  7: // append a delegate to Console.Error.WriteLine to go to std error 8: currentLogger += Console.Error.WriteLine; 9:  10: // invokes the delegate chain and writes message to std out and std err 11: currentLogger("Hi Standard Out and Error!"); While delegates give us a lot of power, it can be cumbersome to re-create fairly standard delegate definitions repeatedly, for this purpose the generic delegates were introduced in various stages in .NET.  These support various method types with particular signatures. Note: a caveat with generic delegates is that while they can support multiple parameters, they do not match methods that contains ref or out parameters. If you want to a delegate to represent methods that takes ref or out parameters, you will need to create a custom delegate. We’ve got the Func… delegates Just like it’s cousin, the Action delegate family, the Func delegate family gives us a lot of power to use generic delegates to make classes and algorithms more generic.  Using them keeps us from having to define a new delegate type when need to make a class or algorithm generic. Remember that the point of the Action delegate family was to be able to perform an “action” on an item, with no return results.  Thus Action delegates can be used to represent most methods that take 0 to 16 arguments but return void.  You can assign a method The Func delegate family was introduced in .NET 3.5 with the advent of LINQ, and gives us the power to define a function that can be called on 0 to 16 arguments and returns a result.  Thus, the main difference between Action and Func, from a delegate perspective, is that Actions return nothing, but Funcs return a result. The Func family of delegates have signatures as follows: Func<TResult> – matches a method that takes no arguments, and returns value of type TResult. Func<T, TResult> – matches a method that takes an argument of type T, and returns value of type TResult. Func<T1, T2, TResult> – matches a method that takes arguments of type T1 and T2, and returns value of type TResult. Func<T1, T2, …, TResult> – and so on up to 16 arguments, and returns value of type TResult. These are handy because they quickly allow you to be able to specify that a method or class you design will perform a function to produce a result as long as the method you specify meets the signature. For example, let’s say you were designing a generic aggregator, and you wanted to allow the user to define how the values will be aggregated into the result (i.e. Sum, Min, Max, etc…).  To do this, we would ask the user of our class to pass in a method that would take the current total, the next value, and produce a new total.  A class like this could look like: 1: public sealed class Aggregator<TValue, TResult> 2: { 3: // holds method that takes previous result, combines with next value, creates new result 4: private Func<TResult, TValue, TResult> _aggregationMethod; 5:  6: // gets or sets the current result of aggregation 7: public TResult Result { get; private set; } 8:  9: // construct the aggregator given the method to use to aggregate values 10: public Aggregator(Func<TResult, TValue, TResult> aggregationMethod = null) 11: { 12: if (aggregationMethod == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("aggregationMethod"); 13:  14: _aggregationMethod = aggregationMethod; 15: } 16:  17: // method to add next value 18: public void Aggregate(TValue nextValue) 19: { 20: // performs the aggregation method function on the current result and next and sets to current result 21: Result = _aggregationMethod(Result, nextValue); 22: } 23: } Of course, LINQ already has an Aggregate extension method, but that works on a sequence of IEnumerable<T>, whereas this is designed to work more with aggregating single results over time (such as keeping track of a max response time for a service). We could then use this generic aggregator to find the sum of a series of values over time, or the max of a series of values over time (among other things): 1: // creates an aggregator that adds the next to the total to sum the values 2: var sumAggregator = new Aggregator<int, int>((total, next) => total + next); 3:  4: // creates an aggregator (using static method) that returns the max of previous result and next 5: var maxAggregator = new Aggregator<int, int>(Math.Max); So, if we were timing the response time of a web method every time it was called, we could pass that response time to both of these aggregators to get an idea of the total time spent in that web method, and the max time spent in any one call to the web method: 1: // total will be 13 and max 13 2: int responseTime = 13; 3: sumAggregator.Aggregate(responseTime); 4: maxAggregator.Aggregate(responseTime); 5:  6: // total will be 20 and max still 13 7: responseTime = 7; 8: sumAggregator.Aggregate(responseTime); 9: maxAggregator.Aggregate(responseTime); 10:  11: // total will be 40 and max now 20 12: responseTime = 20; 13: sumAggregator.Aggregate(responseTime); 14: maxAggregator.Aggregate(responseTime); The Func delegate family is useful for making generic algorithms and classes, and in particular allows the caller of the method or user of the class to specify a function to be performed in order to generate a result. What is the result of a Func delegate chain? If you remember, we said earlier that you can assign multiple methods to a delegate by using the += operator to chain them.  So how does this affect delegates such as Func that return a value, when applied to something like the code below? 1: Func<int, int, int> combo = null; 2:  3: // What if we wanted to aggregate the sum and max together? 4: combo += (total, next) => total + next; 5: combo += Math.Max; 6:  7: // what is the result? 8: var comboAggregator = new Aggregator<int, int>(combo); Well, in .NET if you chain multiple methods in a delegate, they will all get invoked, but the result of the delegate is the result of the last method invoked in the chain.  Thus, this aggregator would always result in the Math.Max() result.  The other chained method (the sum) gets executed first, but it’s result is thrown away: 1: // result is 13 2: int responseTime = 13; 3: comboAggregator.Aggregate(responseTime); 4:  5: // result is still 13 6: responseTime = 7; 7: comboAggregator.Aggregate(responseTime); 8:  9: // result is now 20 10: responseTime = 20; 11: comboAggregator.Aggregate(responseTime); So remember, you can chain multiple Func (or other delegates that return values) together, but if you do so you will only get the last executed result. Func delegates and co-variance/contra-variance in .NET 4.0 Just like the Action delegate, as of .NET 4.0, the Func delegate family is contra-variant on its arguments.  In addition, it is co-variant on its return type.  To support this, in .NET 4.0 the signatures of the Func delegates changed to: Func<out TResult> – matches a method that takes no arguments, and returns value of type TResult (or a more derived type). Func<in T, out TResult> – matches a method that takes an argument of type T (or a less derived type), and returns value of type TResult(or a more derived type). Func<in T1, in T2, out TResult> – matches a method that takes arguments of type T1 and T2 (or less derived types), and returns value of type TResult (or a more derived type). Func<in T1, in T2, …, out TResult> – and so on up to 16 arguments, and returns value of type TResult (or a more derived type). Notice the addition of the in and out keywords before each of the generic type placeholders.  As we saw last week, the in keyword is used to specify that a generic type can be contra-variant -- it can match the given type or a type that is less derived.  However, the out keyword, is used to specify that a generic type can be co-variant -- it can match the given type or a type that is more derived. On contra-variance, if you are saying you need an function that will accept a string, you can just as easily give it an function that accepts an object.  In other words, if you say “give me an function that will process dogs”, I could pass you a method that will process any animal, because all dogs are animals.  On the co-variance side, if you are saying you need a function that returns an object, you can just as easily pass it a function that returns a string because any string returned from the given method can be accepted by a delegate expecting an object result, since string is more derived.  Once again, in other words, if you say “give me a method that creates an animal”, I can pass you a method that will create a dog, because all dogs are animals. It really all makes sense, you can pass a more specific thing to a less specific parameter, and you can return a more specific thing as a less specific result.  In other words, pay attention to the direction the item travels (parameters go in, results come out).  Keeping that in mind, you can always pass more specific things in and return more specific things out. For example, in the code below, we have a method that takes a Func<object> to generate an object, but we can pass it a Func<string> because the return type of object can obviously accept a return value of string as well: 1: // since Func<object> is co-variant, this will access Func<string>, etc... 2: public static string Sequence(int count, Func<object> generator) 3: { 4: var builder = new StringBuilder(); 5:  6: for (int i=0; i<count; i++) 7: { 8: object value = generator(); 9: builder.Append(value); 10: } 11:  12: return builder.ToString(); 13: } Even though the method above takes a Func<object>, we can pass a Func<string> because the TResult type placeholder is co-variant and accepts types that are more derived as well: 1: // delegate that's typed to return string. 2: Func<string> stringGenerator = () => DateTime.Now.ToString(); 3:  4: // This will work in .NET 4.0, but not in previous versions 5: Sequence(100, stringGenerator); Previous versions of .NET implemented some forms of co-variance and contra-variance before, but .NET 4.0 goes one step further and allows you to pass or assign an Func<A, BResult> to a Func<Y, ZResult> as long as A is less derived (or same) as Y, and BResult is more derived (or same) as ZResult. Sidebar: The Func and the Predicate A method that takes one argument and returns a bool is generally thought of as a predicate.  Predicates are used to examine an item and determine whether that item satisfies a particular condition.  Predicates are typically unary, but you may also have binary and other predicates as well. Predicates are often used to filter results, such as in the LINQ Where() extension method: 1: var numbers = new[] { 1, 2, 4, 13, 8, 10, 27 }; 2:  3: // call Where() using a predicate which determines if the number is even 4: var evens = numbers.Where(num => num % 2 == 0); As of .NET 3.5, predicates are typically represented as Func<T, bool> where T is the type of the item to examine.  Previous to .NET 3.5, there was a Predicate<T> type that tended to be used (which we’ll discuss next week) and is still supported, but most developers recommend using Func<T, bool> now, as it prevents confusion with overloads that accept unary predicates and binary predicates, etc.: 1: // this seems more confusing as an overload set, because of Predicate vs Func 2: public static SomeMethod(Predicate<int> unaryPredicate) { } 3: public static SomeMethod(Func<int, int, bool> binaryPredicate) { } 4:  5: // this seems more consistent as an overload set, since just uses Func 6: public static SomeMethod(Func<int, bool> unaryPredicate) { } 7: public static SomeMethod(Func<int, int, bool> binaryPredicate) { } Also, even though Predicate<T> and Func<T, bool> match the same signatures, they are separate types!  Thus you cannot assign a Predicate<T> instance to a Func<T, bool> instance and vice versa: 1: // the same method, lambda expression, etc can be assigned to both 2: Predicate<int> isEven = i => (i % 2) == 0; 3: Func<int, bool> alsoIsEven = i => (i % 2) == 0; 4:  5: // but the delegate instances cannot be directly assigned, strongly typed! 6: // ERROR: cannot convert type... 7: isEven = alsoIsEven; 8:  9: // however, you can assign by wrapping in a new instance: 10: isEven = new Predicate<int>(alsoIsEven); 11: alsoIsEven = new Func<int, bool>(isEven); So, the general advice that seems to come from most developers is that Predicate<T> is still supported, but we should use Func<T, bool> for consistency in .NET 3.5 and above. Sidebar: Func as a Generator for Unit Testing One area of difficulty in unit testing can be unit testing code that is based on time of day.  We’d still want to unit test our code to make sure the logic is accurate, but we don’t want the results of our unit tests to be dependent on the time they are run. One way (of many) around this is to create an internal generator that will produce the “current” time of day.  This would default to returning result from DateTime.Now (or some other method), but we could inject specific times for our unit testing.  Generators are typically methods that return (generate) a value for use in a class/method. For example, say we are creating a CacheItem<T> class that represents an item in the cache, and we want to make sure the item shows as expired if the age is more than 30 seconds.  Such a class could look like: 1: // responsible for maintaining an item of type T in the cache 2: public sealed class CacheItem<T> 3: { 4: // helper method that returns the current time 5: private static Func<DateTime> _timeGenerator = () => DateTime.Now; 6:  7: // allows internal access to the time generator 8: internal static Func<DateTime> TimeGenerator 9: { 10: get { return _timeGenerator; } 11: set { _timeGenerator = value; } 12: } 13:  14: // time the item was cached 15: public DateTime CachedTime { get; private set; } 16:  17: // the item cached 18: public T Value { get; private set; } 19:  20: // item is expired if older than 30 seconds 21: public bool IsExpired 22: { 23: get { return _timeGenerator() - CachedTime > TimeSpan.FromSeconds(30.0); } 24: } 25:  26: // creates the new cached item, setting cached time to "current" time 27: public CacheItem(T value) 28: { 29: Value = value; 30: CachedTime = _timeGenerator(); 31: } 32: } Then, we can use this construct to unit test our CacheItem<T> without any time dependencies: 1: var baseTime = DateTime.Now; 2:  3: // start with current time stored above (so doesn't drift) 4: CacheItem<int>.TimeGenerator = () => baseTime; 5:  6: var target = new CacheItem<int>(13); 7:  8: // now add 15 seconds, should still be non-expired 9: CacheItem<int>.TimeGenerator = () => baseTime.AddSeconds(15); 10:  11: Assert.IsFalse(target.IsExpired); 12:  13: // now add 31 seconds, should now be expired 14: CacheItem<int>.TimeGenerator = () => baseTime.AddSeconds(31); 15:  16: Assert.IsTrue(target.IsExpired); Now we can unit test for 1 second before, 1 second after, 1 millisecond before, 1 day after, etc.  Func delegates can be a handy tool for this type of value generation to support more testable code.  Summary Generic delegates give us a lot of power to make truly generic algorithms and classes.  The Func family of delegates is a great way to be able to specify functions to calculate a result based on 0-16 arguments.  Stay tuned in the weeks that follow for other generic delegates in the .NET Framework!   Tweet Technorati Tags: .NET, C#, CSharp, Little Wonders, Generics, Func, Delegates

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  • How to populate List<string> with Datarow values from single columns...

    - by James
    Hi, I'm still learning (baby steps). Messing about with a function and hoping to find a tidier way to deal with my datatables. For the more commonly used tables throughout the life of the program, I'll dump them to datatables and query those instead. What I'm hoping to do is query the datatables for say column x = "this", and convert the values of column "y" directly to a List to return to the caller: private List<string> LookupColumnY(string hex) { List<string> stringlist = new List<string>(); DataRow[] rows = tblDataTable.Select("Columnx = '" + hex + "'", "Columny ASC"); foreach (DataRow row in rows) { stringlist.Add(row["Columny"].ToString()); } return stringlist; } Anyone know a slightly simpler method? I guess this is easy enough, but I'm wondering if I do enough of these if iterating via foreach loop won't be a performance hit. TIA!

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  • Is there a language between C and C++?

    - by Robert Martin
    I really like the simple and transparent nature of C: when I write C code I feel unencumbered by "leaky abstractions" and can almost always make a shrewd guess as to the assembly I'm producing. I also like the simple, familiar syntax for C. However, C doesn't have these simple, helpful doodads that C++ offers like classes, simplified non-cstring handling, etc. I know that it's all possible to implement in C using jump tables and the like, but that's a bit wordy at times, and not very type-safe for various reasons. I'm not a fan of the over-emphasis on objects in C++, though, and I'm gun shy of the 'new' operator and the like. C++ seems to have just a few too many hiccups to, for instance, be used as a system programming language. Does there exist a language that sits between C and C++ on the scale of widgets and doodads? Disclaimer: I mean this as purely a factual question. I do not intend to anger you because I don't share your view that C{,++} is good enough to do whatever I'm planning.

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  • rails: include statement with two ON conditions

    - by Markus
    Hi, I have tree tables books bookmarks users where there is a n to m relation from books to users trough bookmarks. Im looking for a query, where I get all the books of a certain user including the bookmarks. If no bookmarks are there, there should be a null included... my sql statement looks like: SELECT * FROM `books` LEFT OUTER JOIN `bookmarks ` ON bookmarks.book_id = books.id AND bookmarks.user_id = ? In rails I only know the :include statement, but how can I add the second bookmarks.user_id = ? statement in the ON section of this query? if I put it in the :conditions part, no null results would get returned! Thanks! Markus

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  • How do I use LDAP proxy user authentication from .net?

    - by DN
    I have a .net web application that uses simple bind to query the LDAP. The application uses integrated windows authentication. Do you have any recommendations on which option to use to authenticate against the LDAP: 1. simple LDAP bind using the logged in user's credentials 2. simple LDAP bind using a service account created for the application's use 3. LDAP proxy user authentication - I dont have enough info about this, so i'd be grateful if someone could explain it's benefit, recommended use and sample .net code to do the query.

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  • MySQL GROUP BY and JOIN

    - by christian
    Guys what's wrong with this SQL query: $sql = "SELECT res.Age, res.Gender, answer.*, $get_sum, SUM(CASE WHEN res.Gender='Male' THEN 1 else 0 END) AS males, SUM(CASE WHEN res.Gender='Female' THEN 1 else 0 END) AS females FROM Respondents AS res INNER JOIN Answers as answer ON answer.RespondentID=res.RespondentID INNER JOIN Questions as question ON answer.Answer=question.id WHERE answer.Question='Q1' GROUP BY res.Age ORDER BY res.Age ASC"; the $get_sum is an array of sql statement derived from another table: $sum[]= "SUM(CASE WHEN answer.Answer=".$db->f("id")." THEN 1 else 0 END) AS item".$db->f("id"); $get_sum = implode(', ', $sum); the query above return these values: Age: 20 item1 0 item2 1 item3 1 item4 1 item5 0 item6 0 Subtotal for Age 20 3 Age: 24 item1 2 item2 2 item3 2 item4 2 item5 1 item6 0 Subtotal for Age 24 9 It should return: Subtotal for Age 20 1 Subtotal for Age 24 2 In my sample data there are 3 respondents 2 are 24 yrs of age and the other one is 20 years old.

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  • Teaching logical/analytical thinking

    - by Joshua
    I have been trial running a club in which I teach programming for the past year and while they have progressed what they really lack is the most fundamental concept to programming, analytical thinking. As I now approach the second year of teaching to the children (aged 12 - 14) I am now realising that before I begin teaching them the syntax and how to actually program an app (or what they would rather, a game) I need to introduce them to analytical thinking first. I have already found Scratch and similar things such as Light-Bot and will most certainly be using the, to teach them how to implement their logical thinking but what I really need are some tips or articles on how to teach analytical thinking itself to children aged 12 - 14. What I'm looking for are some ideas on how to teach the kind of thinking that these kids will need in order to get them into programming, whether that be analytical, logical or critical. How and what should I teach them relating to the way their minds need to be wired when programming solutions to problems?

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