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• How does having the Debugger change the game execution on an XBOX 360?

  - by Sebastian Gray

  So I thought my issue was relating to the difference between a Debug and a Release build as per this question: What's the difference between a "Release" Xbox 360 build and a "Debug" one? but I've since found that if I go ahead and build a Creators Club version of the game using a Debug build and deploy to the XBOX, I get the same experience I had with the Release version of my game. However if I run the game from Visual Studio using F5 and having set the XBOX as the default platform, then the game runs as expected. If I change from Debug to Release and run with CTRL+F5 then the game also works as expected. How would running the game with the debugger attached change the results I am getting in game? Is there any way that I can use the same approach or change the default compilation of the game so that I can use this approach to release my game?

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• Several classes need to access the same data, where should the data be declared?

  - by Juicy

  I have a basic 2D tower defense game in C++. Each map is a separate class which inherits from GameState. The map delegates the logic and drawing code to each object in the game and sets data such as the map path. In pseudo-code the logic section might look something like this: update(): for each creep in creeps: creep.update() for each tower in towers: tower.update() for each missile in missiles: missile.update() The objects (creeps, towers and missiles) are stored in vector-of-pointers. The towers must have access to the vector-of-creeps and the vector-of-missiles to create new missiles and identify targets. The question is: where do I declare the vectors? Should they be members of the Map class, and passed as arguments to the tower.update() function? Or declared globally? Or are there other solutions I'm missing entirely?

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• Dynamic Components

  - by Alex

  I am attempting to design a component-based architecture that allows Components to be dynamically enabled and disabled, much like the system employed by Unity3D. For example, all Components are implicitly enabled by default; however, if one desires to halt execution of code for a particular Component, one can disable it. Naively, I want to have a boolean flag in Component (which is an abstract class), and somehow serialize all method calls into strings, so that some sort of ComponentManager can check if a given Component is enabled/disabled before processing a method call on it. However, this is a pretty bad solution. I feel like I should employ some variation of the state paradigm, but I have yet to make progress. Any help would be greatly appreciated,

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• Parsing glGetShaderInfoLog() to get error info. Is this reliable, or is there a better way?

  - by m4ttbush

  I want to get a list of errors and their line numbers so I can display the error information different to how it's formatted in the error string, and also show the line in error. It looks easy enough to just parse the result of glGetShaderInfoLog(), look for "ERROR:" then read the next number up to : and then the next, and then the error description up to the next newline. But the OpenGL docs say "Application developers should not expect different OpenGL implementations to produce identical information logs." Which makes me worry that my code may behave incorrectly on different systems. I don't need them to be identical, I just need them to follow the same format. So is there a better way to get a list of errors with line number separate, is it safe to assume that they'll always follow the "ERROR: 0:123:" format, or is there simply no reliable way to do this? Thanks!

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• What is the minimum of shader I need to use to run basic calculation on GPU?

  - by Jinxi

  I read, that the Hull Shader, Domain Shader, Geometry Shader and Pixel Shader can be used optional. So, is the Vertex Shader optional too? If no: What does a basic Vertex Shader look like? Just like a simple pass through? Is the Vertex Shader necessary to tell what kind of datastructure (Van Stripes or Meshes) are used? What can I do, with just the vertex shader? Are the fixed functions working without any help of programming a programmable stage?

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• Detect click on Triangle and Circle buttons

  - by chr1s89

  How can i detect clicks on a texture (will be a button in my game) that has a form of a triangle or circle. I know only the rectangle solution where u can use the positions + the width/height but this dont work for that because clicks will be detected at the transparent pixels. I heard of pixel-perfect collision is it the right way for this? It would be great if someone can give me a example for such a solution or other.

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• Do I lose/gain performance for discarding pixels even if I don't use depth testing?

  - by Gajoo

  When I first searched for discard instruction, I've found experts saying using discard will result in performance drain. They said discarding pixels will break GPU's ability to use zBuffer properly because GPU have to first run Fragment shader for both objects to check if the one nearer to camera is discarded or not. For a 2D game I'm currently working on, I've disabled both depth-test and depth-write. I'm drawing all objects sorted by their depth and that's all, no need for GPU to do fancy things. now I'm wondering is it still bad if I discard pixels in my fragment shader?

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• How to avoid movement speed stacking when multiple keys are pressed?

  - by eren_tetik

  I've started a new game which requires no mouse, thus leaving the movement up to the keyboard. I have tried to incorporate 8 directions; up, left, right, up-right and so on. However when I press more than one arrow key, the movement speed stacks (http://gfycat.com/CircularBewitchedBarebirdbat). How could I counteract this? Here is relevant part of my code: var speed : int = 5; function Update () { if(Input.GetKey(KeyCode.UpArrow)){ transform.Translate(Vector3.forward * speed * Time.deltaTime); } else if(Input.GetKey(KeyCode.UpArrow) && Input.GetKey(KeyCode.RightArrow)){ transform.Translate(Vector3.forward * speed * Time.deltaTime); } else if(Input.GetKey(KeyCode.UpArrow) && Input.GetKey(KeyCode.LeftArrow)){ transform.rotation = Quaternion.AngleAxis(315, Vector3.up); } if(Input.GetKey(KeyCode.DownArrow)){ transform.Translate(Vector3.forward * speed * Time.deltaTime); } }

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• Doing imagemagick like stuff in Unity (using a mask to edit a texture)

  - by Codejoy

  There is this tutorial in imagemagick http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/masking/#masks I was wondering if there was some way to mimic the behavior (like cutting the image up based on a black image mask that turns image parts transparent... ) and then trim that image in game... trying to hack around with the webcam feature and reproduce some of the imagemagick opencv stuff in it in Unity but I am saddly unequipped with masks, shaders etc in unity skill/knowledge. Not even sure where to start.

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• How do I add a Rigid body and a box collider component to a Texture2D?

  - by gamenewdev

  I am making a snake game. I'm basing it on a basic tutorial game, which does no collision detection, wall checking or different levels. All snake head, piece, food, even the background is made of Texture2D. I want the head of the snake to detects 2D collisions with them, but Rect.contains isn't working. I'd prefer to detect collisions by onTriggerEnter() for which I need to add BoxCollider to my snakeHead.

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• Sprite batching in OpenGL

  - by Roy T.

  I've got a JAVA based game with an OpenGL rendering front that is drawing a large amount of sprites every frame (during testing it peaked at 700). Now this game is completely unoptimized. There is no spatial partitioning (so a sprite is drawn even if it isn't on screen) and every sprite is drawn separately like this: graphics.glPushMatrix(); { graphics.glTranslated(x, y, 0.0); graphics.glRotated(degrees, 0, 0, 1); graphics.glBegin(GL2.GL_QUADS); graphics.glTexCoord2f (1.0f, 0.0f); graphics.glVertex2d(half_size , half_size); // upper right // same for upper left, lower left, lower right graphics.glEnd(); } graphics.glPopMatrix(); Currently the game is running at +-25FPS and is CPU bound. I would like to improve performance by adding spatial partitioning (which I know how to do) and sprite batching. Not drawing sprites that aren't on screen will help a lot, however since players can zoom out it won't help enough, hence the need for batching. However sprite batching in OpenGL is a bit of mystery to me. I usually work with XNA where a few classes to do this are built in. But in OpenGL I don't know what to do. As for further optimization, the game I'm working on as a few interesting characteristics. A lot of sprites have the same texture and all the sprites are square. Maybe these characteristics will help determine an efficient batching technique?

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• What's the closest thing to Apple's SpriteKit on Android devices? [on hold]

  - by Krumelur

  I've been playing around with the iOS 7 SpriteKit APIs and I totally love them. As I'm pretty much a n00b on Android, I'm wondering what the best Alternative would be if I wanted to go cross platform? I find Cocos2D learning curve pretty steep, where with SpriteKit it's a matter of minutes to get something on the screen. Then there's MonoGame and Cocos 2D for MonoGame - haven't tried either one I must admit.

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• Game Server on Windows Azure

  - by MrWiggels

  What do you guys think of using Windows Azure for deploying a custom built game server. It's being built in C#, and I want to get a few things down before stretching too far into the project. I like the idea of being scalable, but I also know that I will never get to the scale of anything to the scale of WOW, or something quite as big. It will just be an interesting journey to test something like this. So, will Windows Azure work for that, or is there any other services that can provide something like that?

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• How can you put all images from a game to 1 file?

  - by ThePlan

  I've just finished a basic RPG game written in C++ SFML, I've put a lot of effort into the game and I'd want to distribute it, however I've ran into a small issue. Problem is, I have well over 200 images and map files (they're .txt files which hold map codes) all in the same folder as the executable, when I look in the folder, it makes me want to cry a little bit seeing so many resources, I've never seen a game which shows you all the resources directly, instead I believe they pack the resources in a certain file. Well, that's what I'm trying to achieve: I'm hoping to pack all the images in 1 file (Maybe the .txt files as well) then being able to read from that file or easily add to it.

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• How to avoid the GameManager god object?

  - by lorancou

  I just read an answer to a question about structuring game code. It made me wonder about the ubiquitous GameManager class, and how it often becomes an issue in a production environment. Let me describe this. First, there's prototyping. Nobody cares about writing great code, we just try to get something running to see if the gameplay adds up. Then there's a greenlight, and in an effort to clean things up, somebody writes a GameManager. Probably to hold a bunch of GameStates, maybe to store a few GameObjects, nothing big, really. A cute, little, manager. In the peaceful realm of pre-production, the game is shaping up nicely. Coders have proper nights of sleep and plenty of ideas to architecture the thing with Great Design Patterns. Then production starts and soon, of course, there is crunch time. Balanced diet is long gone, the bug tracker is cracking with issues, people are stressed and the game has to be released yesterday. At that point, usually, the GameManager is a real big mess (to stay polite). The reason for that is simple. After all, when writing a game, well... all the source code is actually here to manage the game. It's easy to just add this little extra feature or bugfix in the GameManager, where everything else is already stored anyway. When time becomes an issue, no way to write a separate class, or to split this giant manager into sub-managers. Of course this is a classical anti-pattern: the god object. It's a bad thing, a pain to merge, a pain to maintain, a pain to understand, a pain to transform. What would you suggest to prevent this from happening?

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• Rotate 2d sprite towards pointer

  - by Phil

  I'm using Crafty.js and am trying to point a sprite towards the mouse pointer. I have a function for getting the degree between two points and I'm pretty sure it works mathematically (I have it under unit tests). At least it responds that the degree between { 0,0} and {1,1} is 45, which seems right. However, when I set the sprite rotation to the returned degree, it's just wrong all the time. If I manually set it to 90, 45, etc, it gets the right direction.. I have a jsfiddle that shows what I've done so far. Any ideas?

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• CUDA 4.1 Update

  - by N0xus

  I'm currently working on porting a particle system to update on the GPU via the use of CUDA. With CUDA, I've already passed over the required data I need to the GPU and allocated and copied the date via the host. When I build the project, it all runs fine, but when I run it, the project says I need to allocate my h_position pointer. This pointer is my host pointer and is meant to hold the data. I know I need to pass in the current particle position to the required cudaMemcpy call and they are currently stored in a list with a for loop being created and interated for each particle calling the following line of code: m_particleList[i].positionY = m_particleList[i].positionY - (m_particleList[i].velocity * frameTime * 0.001f); My current host side cuda code looks like this: float* h_position; // Your host pointer. This holds the data (I assume it's already filled with the data.) float* d_position; // Your device pointer, we will allocate and fill this float* d_velocity; float* d_time; int threads_per_block = 128; // You should play with this value int blocks = m_maxParticles/threads_per_block + ( (m_maxParticles%threads_per_block)?1:0 ); const int N = 10; size_t size = N * sizeof(float); cudaMalloc( (void**)&d_position, m_maxParticles * sizeof(float) ); cudaMemcpy( d_position, h_position, m_maxParticles * sizeof(float), cudaMemcpyHostToDevice); Both of which were / can be found inside my UpdateParticle() method. I had originally thought it would be a simple case of changing the h_position variable in the cudaMemcpy to m_particleList[i] but then I get the following error: no suitable conversion function from "ParticleSystemClass::ParticleType" to "const void *" exists I've probably messed up somewhere, but could someone please help fix the issues I'm facing. Everything else seems to running fine, it's just when I try to run the program that certain things hit the fan.

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• How do you deal with transitions in animating walking?

  - by Aerovistae

  I'm pretty new to this whole animating models thing. Just learning the ropes. I got a nice walking animation going, which I can loop while a character is walking, but what about when they stop walking? I mean, they could be at any point in the animation at the time the player stops walking. How do I get them to smoothly return to a standing still position without having them snap into that position? The same goes for starting walking from a standing still position. Do you need a separate animation? How is this dealt with?

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• Y Axis inverted on vertex output

  - by Yonathan Klijnsma

  I've got my project running and somehow it seems my vertex y components are inverted. 10 in the positive on Y goes down and 10 negative on the Y axis goes up. I can't find anything with the initialization and I am not doing any negative scaling in the view matrix. I've never had something like this happen before, does anyone have some tips or things to look for ? How I am sending verteces to the GPU ( Currently intermediate mode ) glVertex3f( x_pos_n, 10, z_pos ); I am using CG in the project but even without shaders the Y axis seems to be inverted.

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• Is my implementation of A* wrong?

  - by Bloodyaugust

  I've implemented the A* algorithm in my program. However, it would seem to be functioning incorrectly at times. Below is a screenshot of one such time. The obviously shorter line is to go immediately right at the second to last row. Instead, they move down, around the tower, and continue to their destination (bottom right from top left). Below is my actual code implementation: nodeMap.prototype.findPath = function(p1, p2) { var openList = []; var closedList = []; var nodes = this.nodes; for (var i = 0; i < nodes.length; i++) { //reset heuristics and parents for nodes var curNode = nodes[i]; curNode.f = 0; curNode.g = 0; curNode.h = 0; curNode.parent = null; if (curNode.pathable === false) { closedList.push(curNode); } } openList.push(this.getNode(p1)); while(openList.length > 0) { // Grab the lowest f(x) to process next var lowInd = 0; for(i=0; i<openList.length; i++) { if(openList[i].f < openList[lowInd].f) { lowInd = i; } } var currentNode = openList[lowInd]; if (currentNode === this.getNode(p2)) { var curr = currentNode; var ret = []; while(curr.parent) { ret.push(curr); curr = curr.parent; } return ret.reverse(); } closedList.push(currentNode); for (i = 0; i < openList.length; i++) { //remove currentNode from openList if (openList[i] === currentNode) { openList.splice(i, 1); break; } } for (i = 0; i < currentNode.neighbors.length; i++) { if(closedList.indexOf(currentNode.neighbors[i]) !== -1 ) { continue; } if (currentNode.neighbors[i].isPathable === false) { closedList.push(currentNode.neighbors[i]); continue; } var gScore = currentNode.g + 1; // 1 is the distance from a node to it's neighbor var gScoreIsBest = false; if (openList.indexOf(currentNode.neighbors[i]) === -1) { //save g, h, and f then save the current parent gScoreIsBest = true; currentNode.neighbors[i].h = currentNode.neighbors[i].heuristic(this.getNode(p2)); openList.push(currentNode.neighbors[i]); } else if (gScore < currentNode.neighbors[i].g) { //current g better than previous g gScoreIsBest = true; } if (gScoreIsBest) { currentNode.neighbors[i].parent = currentNode; currentNode.neighbors[i].g = gScore; currentNode.neighbors[i].f = currentNode.neighbors[i].g + currentNode.neighbors[i].h; } } } return false; } Towers block pathability. Is there perhaps something I am missing here, or does A* not always find the shortest path in a situation such as this? Thanks in advance for any help.

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• Should I drawing directly on CCLayer or CCSprite?

  - by einverne

  Now I am a little confused in my cocos2d-x cpp project. I want to draw lines with user's finger touch. Following the screenshot of a CCScene: In the screen, there are two squares. I want show an animation in the first square and let the second one draw lines with user touch. Now these two squares are CCSprite. And I can draw dots in the second one on the CCLayer. But I am little confused that I should draw lines on the Sprite or on the Layer. Or are there other ways to organize the code?

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• GLSL custom interpolation filter

  - by Cyan

  I'm currently building a fragment shader which is using several textures to render the final pixel color. The textures are not really textures, they are in fact "input data" to be used in the formula to generate the final color. The problem I've got is that the texture are getting bi-linear-filtered, and therefore the input data as well. This results in many unwanted side-effects, especially when final rendered texture is "zoomed" compared to original resolution. Removing the side effect is a complex task, and only result in "average" rendering. I was thinking : well, all my problems seems to come from the "default" bi-linear filtering on these input data. I can't move to GL_NEAREST either, since it would create "blocky" rendering. So i guess the better way to proceed is to be fully in charge of the interpolation. For this to work, i would need the input data at their "natural" resolution (so that means 4 samples), and a relative position between the sampled points. Is that possible, and if yes, how ? [EDIT] Since i started this question, i found this internet entry, which seems to (mostly) answer my needs. http://www.gamerendering.com/2008/10/05/bilinear-interpolation/ One aspect of the solution worry me though : the dimensions of the texture must be provided in an argument. It seems there is no way to "find this information transparently". Adding an argument into the rendering pipeline is unwelcomed though, since it's not under my responsibility, and translates into adding complexity for others.

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• How can I perform a masked erase in SDL2?

  - by Kvisle

  I'm trying to implement some shadow/lighting effects in my 2D-project, and I've concluded that if there is an easy way to perform a masked erase on an SDL_Texture, it would make the drawing operations quite cheap. Let's say I have a texture of the part of the level where light is not meant to be rendered. I also have a texture with my "light map"; I want to use this to just draw omni lights from my light sources. Then I want to use the first image to 'subtract' the portions of the light map that are not to be rendered on the final scene. Then I draw my "light map" texture on top of my scene, with additive blending enabled. This sounds like a good theory in my head, but I can't see any functions in the SDL2 API that let me do masked erase from a texture. Am I overlooking something? Does anything like this exist?

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• OpenGLES 2.0 gluunProject

  - by secheung

  I've spent more time than i should trying to get my ray picking program working. I'm pretty convinced my math is solid with respect to line plane intersection, but I believe the problem lies with the changing of the mouse screen touch into 3D world space. Heres my code public void passTouchEvents(MotionEvent e){ int[] viewport = {0,0,viewportWidth,viewportHeight}; float x = e.getX(), y = viewportHeight - e.getY(); float[] pos1 = new float[4]; float[] pos2 = new float[4]; GLU.gluUnProject( x, y, 0.0f, mViewMatrix, 0, mProjectionMatrix, 0, viewport, 0, pos1, 0); GLU.gluUnProject( x, y, 1.0f, mViewMatrix, 0, mProjectionMatrix, 0, viewport, 0, pos2, 0); } Just as a reference I've tried transforming the coordinates 0,0,0 and got an offset. It would be appreciated if you would answer using opengl es 2.0 code. Thanks

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• Why is the MaskBit maxed out

  - by CStreel

  Hi there for some reason the maskbit of my b2FixtureDef is being maxxed out and im not sure why Here is the declaration of the items that are used in the game enum PhysicBits { PB_NONE = 0x0000, PB_PLAYER = 0x0001, PB_PLATFORM = 0x0002 }; Basically what i want is the player to run along a surface is not slow down (i set platform & player friction to 0.0f) I then setup my Contact Listener to print out the connections (currently only have 1 platform and 1 player) Player Fixture Def b2FixtureDef fixtureDef; fixtureDef.shape = &groundBox; fixtureDef.density = 1.0f; fixtureDef.friction = 0.0f; fixtureDef.filter.categoryBits = PB_PLAYER; fixtureDef.filter.maskBits = PB_PLATFORM; Platform Fixture Def b2FixtureDef fixtureDef; fixtureDef.shape = &groundBox; fixtureDef.density = 1.0f; fixtureDef.friction = 0.0f; fixtureDef.filter.categoryBits = PB_PLATFORM; fixtureDef.filter.maskBits = PB_PLAYER; Now correct me if im wrong but these are saying the following: Player Collides with Platform Platform Collides with Player Here is the printout of the fixtures colliding with each other ******** <-- Indicates new Contact Platform ContactA: 2 MaskA: 1 ------ Player ContactB: 1 MaskB: 2 ******** <-- Indicates new Contact Platform ContactA: 2 MaskA: 1 ------ Player ContactB: 1 MaskB: 65535 ******** <-- Indicates new Contact Platform ContactA: 1 MaskA: 65535 ------ Player ContactB: 1 MaskB: 65535 Here is where i am confused. On the second & third contact the player maskBit is set to 65535 when it should be 2 and there are 3 contacts when i am sure at most there should only be 2. I've been trying to figure this out for hours and i can't understand why it is doing this. I would be very grateful is someone could shine some light on this for me UPDATE: **I printed out the class of the contacting objects. For some reason it seems to do the following: First Contact: Correct Result. Second Contact: Player b2Fixture Obtains a new maskBit. Third Contact: Platform b2Fixture appears to be set to the same as the Player b2Fixture. It would seem I have a memory race condition i think**

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