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• SQL Spatial: Getting “nearest” calculations working properly

  - by Rob Farley

  If you’ve ever done spatial work with SQL Server, I hope you’ve come across the ‘nearest’ problem. You have five thousand stores around the world, and you want to identify the one that’s closest to a particular place. Maybe you want the store closest to the LobsterPot office in Adelaide, at -34.925806, 138.605073. Or our new US office, at 42.524929, -87.858244. Or maybe both! You know how to do this. You don’t want to use an aggregate MIN or MAX, because you want the whole row, telling you which store it is. You want to use TOP, and if you want to find the closest store for multiple locations, you use APPLY. Let’s do this (but I’m going to use addresses in AdventureWorks2012, as I don’t have a list of stores). Oh, and before I do, let’s make sure we have a spatial index in place. I’m going to use the default options. CREATE SPATIAL INDEX spin_Address ON Person.Address(SpatialLocation); And my actual query: WITH MyLocations AS (SELECT * FROM (VALUES ('LobsterPot Adelaide', geography::Point(-34.925806, 138.605073, 4326)),                        ('LobsterPot USA', geography::Point(42.524929, -87.858244, 4326))                ) t (Name, Geo)) SELECT l.Name, a.AddressLine1, a.City, s.Name AS [State], c.Name AS Country FROM MyLocations AS l CROSS APPLY (     SELECT TOP (1) *     FROM Person.Address AS ad     ORDER BY l.Geo.STDistance(ad.SpatialLocation)     ) AS a JOIN Person.StateProvince AS s     ON s.StateProvinceID = a.StateProvinceID JOIN Person.CountryRegion AS c     ON c.CountryRegionCode = s.CountryRegionCode ; Great! This is definitely working. I know both those City locations, even if the AddressLine1s don’t quite ring a bell. I’m sure I’ll be able to find them next time I’m in the area. But of course what I’m concerned about from a querying perspective is what’s happened behind the scenes – the execution plan. This isn’t pretty. It’s not using my index. It’s sucking every row out of the Address table TWICE (which sucks), and then it’s sorting them by the distance to find the smallest one. It’s not pretty, and it takes a while. Mind you, I do like the fact that it saw an indexed view it could use for the State and Country details – that’s pretty neat. But yeah – users of my nifty website aren’t going to like how long that query takes. The frustrating thing is that I know that I can use the index to find locations that are within a particular distance of my locations quite easily, and Microsoft recommends this for solving the ‘nearest’ problem, as described at http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-au/library/ff929109.aspx. Now, in the first example on this page, it says that the query there will use the spatial index. But when I run it on my machine, it does nothing of the sort. I’m not particularly impressed. But what we see here is that parallelism has kicked in. In my scenario, it’s split the data up into 4 threads, but it’s still slow, and not using my index. It’s disappointing. But I can persuade it with hints! If I tell it to FORCESEEK, or use my index, or even turn off the parallelism with MAXDOP 1, then I get the index being used, and it’s a thing of beauty! Part of the plan is here: It’s massive, and it’s ugly, and it uses a TVF… but it’s quick. The way it works is to hook into the GeodeticTessellation function, which is essentially finds where the point is, and works out through the spatial index cells that surround it. This then provides a framework to be able to see into the spatial index for the items we want. You can read more about it at http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb895265.aspx#tessellation – including a bunch of pretty diagrams. One of those times when we have a much more complex-looking plan, but just because of the good that’s going on. This tessellation stuff was introduced in SQL Server 2012. But my query isn’t using it. When I try to use the FORCESEEK hint on the Person.Address table, I get the friendly error: Msg 8622, Level 16, State 1, Line 1 Query processor could not produce a query plan because of the hints defined in this query. Resubmit the query without specifying any hints and without using SET FORCEPLAN. And I’m almost tempted to just give up and move back to the old method of checking increasingly large circles around my location. After all, I can even leverage multiple OUTER APPLY clauses just like I did in my recent Lookup post. WITH MyLocations AS (SELECT * FROM (VALUES ('LobsterPot Adelaide', geography::Point(-34.925806, 138.605073, 4326)),                        ('LobsterPot USA', geography::Point(42.524929, -87.858244, 4326))                ) t (Name, Geo)) SELECT     l.Name,     COALESCE(a1.AddressLine1,a2.AddressLine1,a3.AddressLine1),     COALESCE(a1.City,a2.City,a3.City),     s.Name AS [State],     c.Name AS Country FROM MyLocations AS l OUTER APPLY (     SELECT TOP (1) *     FROM Person.Address AS ad     WHERE l.Geo.STDistance(ad.SpatialLocation) < 1000     ORDER BY l.Geo.STDistance(ad.SpatialLocation)     ) AS a1 OUTER APPLY (     SELECT TOP (1) *     FROM Person.Address AS ad     WHERE l.Geo.STDistance(ad.SpatialLocation) < 5000     AND a1.AddressID IS NULL     ORDER BY l.Geo.STDistance(ad.SpatialLocation)     ) AS a2 OUTER APPLY (     SELECT TOP (1) *     FROM Person.Address AS ad     WHERE l.Geo.STDistance(ad.SpatialLocation) < 20000     AND a2.AddressID IS NULL     ORDER BY l.Geo.STDistance(ad.SpatialLocation)     ) AS a3 JOIN Person.StateProvince AS s     ON s.StateProvinceID = COALESCE(a1.StateProvinceID,a2.StateProvinceID,a3.StateProvinceID) JOIN Person.CountryRegion AS c     ON c.CountryRegionCode = s.CountryRegionCode ; But this isn’t friendly-looking at all, and I’d use the method recommended by Isaac Kunen, who uses a table of numbers for the expanding circles. It feels old-school though, when I’m dealing with SQL 2012 (and later) versions. So why isn’t my query doing what it’s supposed to? Remember the query... WITH MyLocations AS (SELECT * FROM (VALUES ('LobsterPot Adelaide', geography::Point(-34.925806, 138.605073, 4326)),                        ('LobsterPot USA', geography::Point(42.524929, -87.858244, 4326))                ) t (Name, Geo)) SELECT l.Name, a.AddressLine1, a.City, s.Name AS [State], c.Name AS Country FROM MyLocations AS l CROSS APPLY (     SELECT TOP (1) *     FROM Person.Address AS ad     ORDER BY l.Geo.STDistance(ad.SpatialLocation)     ) AS a JOIN Person.StateProvince AS s     ON s.StateProvinceID = a.StateProvinceID JOIN Person.CountryRegion AS c     ON c.CountryRegionCode = s.CountryRegionCode ; Well, I just wasn’t reading http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff929109.aspx properly. The following requirements must be met for a Nearest Neighbor query to use a spatial index: A spatial index must be present on one of the spatial columns and the STDistance() method must use that column in the WHERE and ORDER BY clauses. The TOP clause cannot contain a PERCENT statement. The WHERE clause must contain a STDistance() method. If there are multiple predicates in the WHERE clause then the predicate containing STDistance() method must be connected by an AND conjunction to the other predicates. The STDistance() method cannot be in an optional part of the WHERE clause. The first expression in the ORDER BY clause must use the STDistance() method. Sort order for the first STDistance() expression in the ORDER BY clause must be ASC. All the rows for which STDistance returns NULL must be filtered out. Let’s start from the top. 1. Needs a spatial index on one of the columns that’s in the STDistance call. Yup, got the index. 2. No ‘PERCENT’. Yeah, I don’t have that. 3. The WHERE clause needs to use STDistance(). Ok, but I’m not filtering, so that should be fine. 4. Yeah, I don’t have multiple predicates. 5. The first expression in the ORDER BY is my distance, that’s fine. 6. Sort order is ASC, because otherwise we’d be starting with the ones that are furthest away, and that’s tricky. 7. All the rows for which STDistance returns NULL must be filtered out. But I don’t have any NULL values, so that shouldn’t affect me either. ...but something’s wrong. I do actually need to satisfy #3. And I do need to make sure #7 is being handled properly, because there are some situations (eg, differing SRIDs) where STDistance can return NULL. It says so at http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb933808.aspx – “STDistance() always returns null if the spatial reference IDs (SRIDs) of the geography instances do not match.” So if I simply make sure that I’m filtering out the rows that return NULL… …then it’s blindingly fast, I get the right results, and I’ve got the complex-but-brilliant plan that I wanted. It just wasn’t overly intuitive, despite being documented. @rob_farley

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• Simulate ROW_NUMBER in SQL 2000

  - by Derek Dieter

  While the row_number feature in sql 2005+ has proven to be a very powerful feature, there are still ways to implement that same functionality in SQL Server 2000. Let’s first look at the SQL 2005+ implementation of ROW_NUMBER, then compare it to the SQL 2000:-- SQL 2005+ SELECT RowNumber = ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY c.LastName ASC) ,c.LastName ,c.FirstName FROM [...]

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• Webinar: SQL Source Control 3.0 Connect your existing source control system to SQL Server

  Find out what SQL Source Control & SQL Compare can do for your database development and deployment processes at one of our free weekly webinars. Each webinar includes a 30 minute software demonstration and a Q&A session. The Future of SQL Server Monitoring "Being web-based, SQL Monitor enables you to check on your servers from almost any location" Jonathan Allen.Try SQL Monitor now.

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• SQL Server Max SmallInt Value

  - by Derek Dieter

  The maximum value for a smallint in SQL Server is: -32768 through 32767 And the byte size is: 2 bytes other maximum values: BigInt: -9223372036854775808 through 9223372036854775807 (8 bytes) Int: -2147483648 through 2147483647 (4 bytes) TinyInt: 0 through 255 (1 byte) Related Posts:»SQL Server Max TinyInt Value»SQL Server Max Int Value»SQL Server Bigint Max Value»Dynamic Numbers Table»Troubleshooting SQL Server Slowness

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• Select the latest record for each category linked available on an object

  - by Simpleton

  I have a tblMachineReports with the columns: Status(varchar),LogDate(datetime),Category(varchar), and MachineID(int). I want to retrieve the latest status update from each category for every machine, so in effect getting a snapshot of the latest statuses of all the machines unique to their MachineID. The table data would look like Category - Status - MachineID - LogDate cata - status1 - 001 - date1 cata - status2 - 002 - date2 catb - status3 - 001 - date2 catc - status2 - 002 - date4 cata - status3 - 001 - date5 catc - status1 - 001 - date6 catb - status2 - 001 - date7 cata - status2 - 002 - date8 catb - status2 - 002 - date9 catc - status2 - 001 - date10 Restated, I have multiple machines reporting on multiple statuses in this tblMachineReports. All the rows are created through inserts, so their will obviously be duplicate entries for machines as new statuses come in. None of the columns can be predicted, so I can't do any ='some hard coded string' comparisons in any part of the select statement. For the sample table I provided, the desired results would look like: Category - Status - MachineID - LogDate catc - status2 - 002 - date4 cata - status3 - 001 - date5 catb - status2 - 001 - date7 cata - status2 - 002 - date8 catb - status2 - 002 - date9 catc - status2 - 001 - date10 What would the select statement look like to achieve this, getting the latest status for each category on each machine, using MS SQL Server 2008? I have tried different combinations of subqueries combined with aggregate MAX(LogDates)'s, along with joins, group bys, distincts, and what-not, but have yet to find a working solution.

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• SQL Server PIVOT with multiple X-axis columns

  - by HeavenCore

  Take the following example data: Payroll Forname Surname Month Year Amount 0000001 James Bond 3 2011 144.00 0000001 James Bond 6 2012 672.00 0000001 James Bond 7 2012 240.00 0000001 James Bond 8 2012 1744.50 0000002 Elvis Presley 3 2011 1491.00 0000002 Elvis Presley 6 2012 189.00 0000002 Elvis Presley 7 2012 1816.50 0000002 Elvis Presley 8 2012 1383.00 How would i PIVOT this on the Year + Month (eg: 201210) but preserve Payroll, Forename & Surname as seperate columns, for example, the above would become: Payroll Forename Surname 201103 201206 201207 201208 0000001 James Bond 144.00 672.00 240.00 1744.50 0000002 Elvis Presley 1491.00 189.00 1816.50 1383.00 I'm assuming that because the Year + Month names can change then i will need to employ dynamic SQL + PIVOT - i had a go but couldnt even get the code to parse, nevermind run - any help would be most appreciated! Edit: What i have so far: INSERT INTO #tbl_RawDateBuffer ( PayrollNumber , Surname , Forename , [Month] , [Year] , AmountPayable ) SELECT PayrollNumber , Surname , Forename , [Month] , [Year] , AmountPayable FROM RawData WHERE [Max] > 1500 DECLARE @Columns AS NVARCHAR(MAX) DECLARE @StrSQL AS NVARCHAR(MAX) SET @Columns = STUFF((SELECT DISTINCT ',' + QUOTENAME(CONVERT(VARCHAR(4), c.[Year]) + RIGHT('00' + CONVERT(VARCHAR(2), c.[Month]), 2)) FROM #tbl_RawDateBuffer c FOR XML PATH('') , TYPE ).value('.', 'NVARCHAR(MAX)'), 1, 1, '') SET @StrSQL = 'SELECT PayrollNumber, ' + @Columns + ' from ( select PayrollNumber , CONVERT(VARCHAR(4), [Year]) + RIGHT(''00'' + CONVERT(VARCHAR(2), [Month]), 2) dt from #tbl_RawDateBuffer ) x pivot ( sum(AmountPayable) for dt in (' + @Columns + ') ) p ' EXECUTE(@StrSQL) DROP TABLE #tbl_RawDateBuffer

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• SQL CE: Limiting rows returned in the query

  - by Diakonia7

  In SQL Compact Edition 3.5 , note that it is the Compact Edition I am talking about- Is there a way to limit the amount of rows to only 2? Something like using LIMIT or TOP. I really don't want to use anything with a SqlCEDataReader, or SqlCEResultSet. I want to do all the limiting in the query. Is this possible now? I have looked around and it doesn't seem so. EDIT- In response to Dave Swersky's request for data and using Min()/Max() on some columns as a means to get the top 2 lines, here is some sample (sterilized) data: Line Site Function Status 1010 Las Vegas new 4 1020 DC send 1 1030 Portland copy 1 1040 SF copy 1 1050 Portland copy 1 1060 DC send 1 *There are more columns than this but these are the significant ones. Sorry for the lack of intuitive data (but the actual data is even less intuitive!), but for security i need to change the data. So- i need to determine: what site the record was at in the preceding line to determine where it needs to be picked up. The site on any given line (except the first line with function = 'new') corresponds to where the item is going next. So simply grabbing that site off the same line wont tell me where it came from. The status will always be 1 or 4. The 4 corresponds to a where it has been delivered already and so i dont want to include those records in the result. But it might be useful in getting the pickup site. For this table of data i want the query to return the site corresponding to the line just above the first line with status 1. So- for this it would be Las Vegas.

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• SQL Server - Multi-Column substring matching

  - by hamlin11

  One of my clients is hooked on multi-column substring matching. I understand that Contains and FreeText search for words (and at least in the case of Contains, word prefixes). However, based upon my understanding of this MSDN book, neither of these nor their variants are capable of searching substrings. I have used LIKE rather extensively (Select * from A where A.B Like '%substr%') Sample table A: ID | Col1 | Col2 | Col3 | ------------------------------------- 1 | oklahoma | colorado | Utah | 2 | arkansas | colorado | oklahoma | 3 | florida | michigan | florida | ------------------------------------- The following code will give us row 1 and row 2: select * from A where Col1 like '%klah%' or Col2 like '%klah%' or Col3 like '%klah%' This is rather ugly, probably slow, and I just don't like it very much. Probably because the implementations that I'm dealing with have 10+ columns that need searched. The following may be a slight improvement as code readability goes, but as far as performance, we're still in the same ball park. select * from A where (Col1 + ' ' + Col2 + ' ' + Col3) like '%klah%' I have thought about simply adding insert, update, and delete triggers that simply add the concatenated version of the above columns into a separate table that shadows this table. Sample Shadow_Table: ID | searchtext | --------------------------------- 1 | oklahoma colorado Utah | 2 | arkansas colorado oklahoma | 3 | florida michigan florida | --------------------------------- This would allow us to perform the following query to search for '%klah%' select * from Shadow_Table where searchtext like '%klah%' I really don't like having to remember that this shadow table exists and that I'm supposed to use it when I am performing multi-column substring matching, but it probably yields pretty quick reads at the expense of write and storage space. My gut feeling tells me there there is an existing solution built into SQL Server 2008. However, I don't seem to be able to find anything other than research papers on the subject. Any help would be appreciated.

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• SQL View with Data from two tables

  - by Alex

  Hello! I can't seem to crack this - I have two tables (Persons and Companies), and I'm trying to create a view that: 1) shows all persons 2) also returns companies by themselves once, regardless of how many persons are related to it 3) orders by name across both tables To clarify, some sample data: (Table: Companies) Id Name 1 Banana 2 ABC Inc. 3 Microsoft 4 Bigwig (Table: Persons) Id Name RelatedCompanyId 1 Joe Smith 3 2 Justin 3 Paul Rudd 4 4 Anjolie 5 Dustin 4 The output I'm looking for is something like this: Name PersonName CompanyName RelatedCompanyId ABC Inc. NULL ABC Inc. NULL Anjolie Anjolie NULL NULL Banana NULL Banana NULL Bigwig NULL Bigwig NULL Dustin Dustin Bigwig 4 Joe Smith Joe Smith Microsoft 3 Justin Justin NULL NULL Microsoft NULL Microsoft NULL Paul Rudd Paul Rudd Bigwig 4 As you can see, the new "Name" column is ordered across both tables (the company names appear correctly in between the person names), and each company appears exactly once, regardless of how many people are related to it. Can this even be done in SQL?! P.S. I'm trying to create a view so I can use this later for easy data retrieval, fulltext indexing and make the programming side simpler by just querying the view.

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• Problem with duplicates in a SQL Join

  - by Chris Ballance

  I have the following result set from a join of three tables, an articles table, a products table, an articles to products mapping table. I would like to have the results with duplicates removed similar to a select distinct on content id. Current result set: [ContendId] [Title] [productId] 1 article one 2 1 article one 3 1 article one 9 4 article four 1 4 article four 10 4 article four 14 5 article five 1 6 article six 8 6 article six 10 6 article six 11 6 article six 13 7 article seven 14 Desired result set: [ContendId] [Title] [productId] 1 article one * 4 article four * 5 article five * 6 article six * 7 article seven * Here is condensed example of the relevant SQL: IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.objects WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID(N'tempdb.dbo.products') AND type = (N'U')) drop table tempdb.dbo.products go CREATE TABLE tempdb.dbo.products ( productid int, productname varchar(255) ) go IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.objects WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID(N'articles') AND type = (N'U')) drop table tempdb.dbo.articles go create table tempdb.dbo.articles ( contentid int, title varchar(255) ) IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.objects WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID(N'articles') AND type = (N'U')) drop table tempdb.dbo.articles go create table tempdb.dbo.articles ( contentid int, title varchar(255) ) IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.objects WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID(N'articleproducts') AND type = (N'U')) drop table tempdb.dbo.articleproducts go create table tempdb.dbo.articleproducts ( contentid int, productid int ) insert into tempdb.dbo.products values (1,'product one'), (2,'product two'), (3,'product three'), (4,'product four'), (5,'product five'), (6,'product six'), (7,'product seven'), (8,'product eigth'), (9,'product nine'), (10,'product ten'), (11,'product eleven'), (12,'product twelve'), (13,'product thirteen'), (14,'product fourteen') insert into tempdb.dbo.articles VALUES (1,'article one'), (2, 'article two'), (3, 'article three'), (4, 'article four'), (5, 'article five'), (6, 'article six'), (7, 'article seven'), (8, 'article eight'), (9, 'article nine'), (10, 'article ten') INSERT INTO tempdb.dbo.articleproducts VALUES (1,2), (1,3), (1,9), (4,1), (4,10), (4,14), (5,1), (6,8), (6,10), (6,11), (6,13), (7,14) GO select DISTINCT(a.contentid), a.title, p.productid from articles a JOIN articleproducts ap ON a.contentid = ap.contentid JOIN products p ON a.contentid = ap.contentid AND p.productid = ap.productid ORDER BY a.contentid

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• SQLce DAL Linq to Sql or EntityFramework

  - by bretddog

  Hi, I'm learning databases, using SqlCe, and need business object to database mapping. Currently I try to decide if to use Linq to Sql, or EntityFramework. (I understand a bit L2S, but haven't familiarized with EF yet) The program will only be debeloped and used by myself, so I have good control of the priorities: I don't need to consider potential change of database type or data storage type, as I'm quite certain SQLce will stay sufficient. I DO expect continued development and changes to the data scheme while the program is in active use; change business object properties (Hence database columns), and possibly overall table scheme. So old data must be transported to new scheme. I also want to keep a decent degree of layer separation DAL/BLL, although this may not be necessary, it is good for me to learn these principles. My question is: With these priorities, would I have any benefit by choosing either Linq2Sql vs. EntityFramwork? (and please explain why) Btw, the project involves very simple table scheme with only 4-5 tables and very simple relations. Thanks!

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• SQL Server INSERT ... SELECT Statement won't parse

  - by Jim Barnett

  I am getting the following error message with SQL Server 2005 Msg 120, Level 15, State 1, Procedure usp_AttributeActivitiesForDateRange, Line 18 The select list for the INSERT statement contains fewer items than the insert list. The number of SELECT values must match the number of INSERT columns. I have copy and pasted the select list and insert list into excel and verified there are the same number of items in each list. Both tables an additional primary key field with is not listed in either the insert statement or select list. I am not sure if that is relevant, but suspicious it may be. Here is the source for my stored procedure: CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[usp_AttributeActivitiesForDateRange] ( @dtmFrom DATETIME, @dtmTo DATETIME ) AS BEGIN SET NOCOUNT ON; DECLARE @dtmToWithTime DATETIME SET @dtmToWithTime = DATEADD(hh, 23, DATEADD(mi, 59, DATEADD(s, 59, @dtmTo))); -- Get uncontested DC activities INSERT INTO AttributedDoubleClickActivities ([Time], [User-ID], [IP], [Advertiser-ID], [Buy-ID], [Ad-ID], [Ad-Jumpto], [Creative-ID], [Creative-Version], [Creative-Size-ID], [Site-ID], [Page-ID], [Country-ID], [State Province], [Areacode], [OS-ID], [Domain-ID], [Keyword], [Local-User-ID], [Activity-Type], [Activity-Sub-Type], [Quantity], [Revenue], [Transaction-ID], [Other-Data], Ordinal, [Click-Time], [Event-ID]) SELECT [Time], [User-ID], [IP], [Advertiser-ID], [Buy-ID], [Ad-ID], [Ad-Jumpto], [Creative-ID], [Creative-Version], [Creative-Size-ID], [Site-ID], [Page-ID], [Country-ID], [State Province], [Areacode], [OS-ID], [Domain-ID], [Keyword], [Local-User-ID] [Activity-Type], [Activity-Sub-Type], [Quantity], [Revenue], [Transaction-ID], [Other-Data], REPLACE(Ordinal, '?', '') AS Ordinal, [Click-Time], [Event-ID] FROM Activity_Reports WHERE [Time] BETWEEN @dtmFrom AND @dtmTo AND REPLACE(Ordinal, '?', '') IN (SELECT REPLACE(Ordinal, '?', '') FROM Activity_Reports WHERE [Time] BETWEEN @dtmFrom AND @dtmTo EXCEPT SELECT CONVERT(VARCHAR, TripID) FROM VisualSciencesActivities WHERE [Time] BETWEEN @dtmFrom AND @dtmTo); END GO

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• MS SQL - Multi-Column substring matching

  - by hamlin11

  One of my clients is hooked on multi-column substring matching. I understand that Contains and FreeText search for words (and at least in the case of Contains, word prefixes). However, based upon my understanding of this MSDN book, neither of these nor their variants are capable of searching substrings. I have used LIKE rather extensively (Select * from A where A.B Like '%substr%') Sample table A: ID | Col1 | Col2 | Col3 | ------------------------------------- 1 | oklahoma | colorado | Utah | 2 | arkansas | colorado | oklahoma | 3 | florida | michigan | florida | ------------------------------------- The following code will give us row 1 and row 2: select * from A where Col1 like '%klah%' or Col2 like '%klah%' or Col3 like '%klah%' This is rather ugly, probably slow, and I just don't like it very much. Probably because the implementations that I'm dealing with have 10+ columns that need searched. The following may be a slight improvement as code readability goes, but as far as performance, we're still in the same ball park. select * from A where (Col1 + ' ' + Col2 + ' ' + Col3) like '%klah%' I have thought about simply adding insert, update, and delete triggers that simply add the concatenated version of the above columns into a separate table that shadows this table. Sample Shadow_Table: ID | searchtext | --------------------------------- 1 | oklahoma colorado Utah | 2 | arkansas colorado oklahoma | 3 | florida michigan florida | --------------------------------- This would allow us to perform the following query to search for '%klah%' select * from Shadow_Table where searchtext like '%klah%' I really don't like having to remember that this shadow table exists and that I'm supposed to use it when I am performing multi-column substring matching, but it probably yields pretty quick reads at the expense of write and storage space. My gut feeling tells me there there is an existing solution built into SQL Server 2008. However, I don't seem to be able to find anything other than research papers on the subject. Any help would be appreciated.

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• Optimizing T-SQL where an array would be nice

  - by Polatrite

  Alright, first you'll need to grab a barf bag. I've been tasked with optimizing several old stored procedures in our database. This SP does the following: 1) cursor loops through a series of "buildings" 2) cursor loops through a week, Sunday-Saturday 3) has a huge set of IF blocks that are responsible for counting how many Objects of what Types are present in a given building Essentially what you'll see in this code block is that, if there are 5 objects of type #2, it will increment @Type_2_Objects_5 by 1. IF @Number_Type_1_Objects = 0 BEGIN SET @Type_1_Objects_0 = @Type_1_Objects_0 + 1 END IF @Number_Type_1_Objects = 1 BEGIN SET @Type_1_Objects_1 = @Type_1_Objects_1 + 1 END IF @Number_Type_1_Objects = 2 BEGIN SET @Type_1_Objects_2 = @Type_1_Objects_2 + 1 END IF @Number_Type_1_Objects = 3 BEGIN SET @Type_1_Objects_3 = @Type_1_Objects_3 + 1 END [... Objects_4 through Objects_20 for Type_1] IF @Number_Type_2_Objects = 0 BEGIN SET @Type_2_Objects_0 = @Type_2_Objects_0 + 1 END IF @Number_Type_2_Objects = 1 BEGIN SET @Type_2_Objects_1 = @Type_2_Objects_1 + 1 END IF @Number_Type_2_Objects = 2 BEGIN SET @Type_2_Objects_2 = @Type_2_Objects_2 + 1 END IF @Number_Type_2_Objects = 3 BEGIN SET @Type_2_Objects_3 = @Type_2_Objects_3 + 1 END [... Objects_4 through Objects_20 for Type_2] In addition to being extremely hacky (and limited to a quantity of 20 objects), it seems like a terrible way of handling this. In a traditional language, this could easily be solved with a 2-dimensional array... objects[type][quantity] += 1; I'm a T-SQL novice, but since writing stored procedures often uses a lot of temporary tables (which could essentially be a 2-dimensional array) I was wondering if someone could illuminate a better way of handling a situation like this with two dynamic pieces of data to store. Requested in comments: The columns are simply Number_Type_1_Objects, Number_Type_2_Objects, Number_Type_3_Objects, Number_Type_4_Objects, Number_Type_5_Objects, and CurrentDateTime. Each row in the table represents 5 minutes. The expected output is to figure out what percentage of time a given quantity of objects is present throughout each day. Sunday - Object Type 1 0 objects - 69 rows, 5:45, 34.85% 1 object - 85 rows, 7:05, 42.93% 2 objects - 44 rows, 3:40, 22.22% On Sunday, there were 0 objects of type 1 for 34.85% of the day. There was 1 object for 42.93% of the day, and 2 objects for 22.22% of the day. Repeat for each object type.

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• Summing Row in SQL query for time range

  - by user3703334

  I'm trying to group a large amount of data into smaller bundles. Currently the code for my query is as follows SELECT [DateTime] ,[KW] FROM [POWER] WHERE datetime >= '2014-04-14 06:00:00' and datetime < '2014-04-21 06:00:00' ORDER BY datetime which gives me DateTime KW 4/14/2014 6:00:02.0 1947 4/14/2014 6:00:15.0 1946 4/14/2014 6:00:23.0 1947 4/14/2014 6:00:32.0 1011 4/14/2014 6:00:43.0 601 4/14/2014 6:00:52.0 585 4/14/2014 6:01:02.0 582 4/14/2014 6:01:12.0 580 4/14/2014 6:01:21.0 579 4/14/2014 6:01:32.0 579 4/14/2014 6:01:44.0 578 4/14/2014 6:01:53.0 578 4/14/2014 6:02:01.0 577 4/14/2014 6:02:12.0 577 4/14/2014 6:02:22.0 577 4/14/2014 6:02:32.0 576 4/14/2014 6:02:42.0 578 4/14/2014 6:02:52.0 577 4/14/2014 6:03:02.0 577 4/14/2014 6:03:12.0 577 4/14/2014 6:03:22.0 578 . . . . 4/21/2014 5:59:55.0 11 Now there is a reading every 10 seconds from a substation. Now I want to group this data into hourly readings. Thus 00:00-01:00 = sum([KW]] for where datetime >= '^date^ 00:00:00' and datetime < '^date^ 01:00:00' I've tried using a convert to change the datetime into date and time field and then only to add all the time fields together with no success. Can someone please assist me, I'm not sure what is right way of doing this. Thanks ADDED Ok so the spilt between Datetime is working nicely, but as if I add a SUM([KW]) function SQL gives an error. And if I include any of the group functions it also nags. Below is what works, I still need to sum the KW per the grouping of hours. I've tried using Group By Hour and Group by DATEPART(Hour,[DateTime]) Both didn't work. SELECT DATEPART(Hour,[DateTime]) Hour ,DATEPART(Day,[DateTime]) Day ,DATEPART(Month,[DateTime]) Month ,([KVAReal]) ,([KVAr]) ,([KW]) FROM [POWER].[dbo].[IT10t_PAC3200] WHERE datetime >= '2014-04-14 06:00:00' and datetime < '2014-04-21 06:00:00' order by datetime

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• xml parameter in sql server stored procedure

  - by npalle

  I want to write a stored procedure that accept an XML parameter, parsing it's elements and inserting them in a table SQL. This is my XML: <Lines> <Line> <roomlist> <room> <namehotel>MeSa</namehotel> <typeroom>506671</typeroom> <typeroomname>Dbl Standard - Tip</typeroomname> <roomnumber>0</roomnumber> <priceroom>444.60</priceroom> <costroom>400.00</costroom> <boardtype/> <paxes> <pax> <name>EU</name> <lastname>CADO</lastname> <typepax>Adult</typepax> </pax> <pax> <name>LIN</name> <lastname>BAC</lastname> <typepax>Adult</typepax> </pax> </paxes> </room> </roomlist> </Line> </Lines> How can do that?

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• SQL to insert latest version of a group of items

  - by Garett

  I’m trying to determine a good way to handle the scenario below. I have the following two database tables, along with sample data. Table1 contains distributions that are grouped per project. A project can have one or more distributions. A distribution can have one of more accounts. An account has a percentage allocated to it. The distributions can be modified by adding or removing account, as well as changing percentages. Table2 tracks distributions, assigning a version number to each distribution. I need to be able to copy new distributions from Table1 to Table2, but only under two conditions: 1. the entire distribution does not already exist 2. the distribution has been modified (accounts added/removed or percentages changed). Note: When copying a distribution from Table1 to Table2 I need to compare all accounts and percentages within the distribution to determine if it already exists. When inserting the new distribution then I need to increment the VersionID (max(VersionID) + 1). So, in the example provided the distribution (12345, 1) has been modified, adding account number 7, as well as changing percentages allocated. The entire distribution should be copied to the second table, incrementing the VersionID to 3 in the process. The database in question is SQL Server 2005. Table1 ------ ProjectID AccountDistributionID AccountID Percent 12345 1 1 25.0 12345 1 2 25.0 12345 1 7 50.0 56789 2 3 25.0 56789 2 4 25.0 56789 2 5 25.0 56789 2 6 25.0 Table2 ------ ID VersionID Project ID AccountDistributionID AccountID Percent 1 1 12345 1 1 50.0 2 1 12345 1 2 50.0 3 2 56789 2 3 25.0 4 2 56789 2 4 25.0 5 2 56789 2 5 25.0 6 2 56789 2 6 25.0

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• What exactly is saved in SQL Server Statistics? When they get updated? Is SQL Server itself is taking care of them?

  - by Pritesh

  I have been working with SQL Server as a Developer a while. One thing I learnt is SQL Server manages Statistics which help Engine to create optimized execution plan. I could not figure out what exactly is stores in Statistics? (I read it saves Vector, but what Vector?) When/In which scenario SQL Server updates Statistics? How/why some time they go out of sync (old Statistics) In case of old Statistics is a manual DBA/Developer intervention is required or SQL Server Will get them updated. As a DBA/Developer how to find out if Statistics OLD? What should we do?

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• SQL Server database with clustered GUID PKs - switch clustered index or switch to sequential (comb)

  - by Eyvind

  We have a database in which all the PKs are GUIDs, and most of the PKs are also the clustered index for the table. We know that this is bad (due to the random nature of GUIDs). So, it seems there are basically two options here (short of throwing out GUIDs as PKs altogether, which we cannot do (at least not at this time)). We could change the GUID generation algorithm to e.g. the one that NHibernate uses, as detailed in this post, or we could, for the tables that are under the heaviest use, change to a different clustered index, e.g. an IDENTITY column, and keep the "random" GUIDs as PKs. Is it possible to give any general recommendations in such a scenario? The application in question has 500+ tables, the largest one presently at about 1,5 million rows, a few tables around 500 000 rows, and the rest significantly lower (most of them well below 10K). Furthermore, the application is installed at several customer sites already, so we have to take any possible negative effects for existing customer into consideration. Thanks!

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• MS SQL Database with clustered GUID PKs - switch clustered index or switch to sequential (comb) GUID

  - by Eyvind

  We have a database in which all the PKs are GUIDs, and most of the PKs are also the clustered index for the table. We know that this is bad (due to the random nature of GUIDs). So, it seems there are basically two options here (short of throwing out GUIDs as PKs altogether, which we cannot do (at least not at this time)). We could change the GUID generation algorithm to e.g. the one that NHibernate uses, as detailed in this post, or we could, for the tables that are under the heaviest use, change to a different clustered index, e.g. an IDENTITY column, and keep the "random" GUIDs as PKs. Is it possible to give any general recommendations in such a scenario? The application in question has 500+ tables, the largest one presently at about 1,5 million rows, a few tables around 500 000 rows, and the rest significantly lower (most of them well below 10K). Furthermore, the application is installed at several customer sites already, so we have to take any possible negative effects for existing customer into consideration. Thanks!

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• SQL server deadlock between INSERT and SELECT statement

  - by dtroy

  Hi! I've got a problem with multiple deadlocks on SQL server 2005. This one is between an INSERT and a SELECT statement. There are two tables. Table 1 and Table2. Table2 has Table1's PK (table1_id) as foreign key. Index on table1_id is clustered. The INSERT inserts a single row into table2 at a time. The SELCET joins the 2 tables. (it's a long query which might take up to 12 secs to run) According to my understanding (and experiments) the INSERT should acquire an IS lock on table1 to check referential integrity (which should not cause a deadlock). But, in this case it acquired an IX page lock The deadlock report: <deadlock-list> <deadlock victim="process968898"> <process-list> <process id="process8db1f8" taskpriority="0" logused="2424" waitresource="OBJECT: 5:789577851:0 " waittime="12390" ownerId="61831512" transactionname="user_transaction" lasttranstarted="2010-04-16T07:10:13.347" XDES="0x222a8250" lockMode="IX" schedulerid="1" kpid="3764" status="suspended" spid="52" sbid="0" ecid="0" priority="0" transcount="2" lastbatchstarted="2010-04-16T07:10:13.350" lastbatchcompleted="2010-04-16T07:10:13.347" clientapp=".Net SqlClient Data Provider" hostname="VIDEV01-B-ME" hostpid="3040" loginname="DatabaseName" isolationlevel="read uncommitted (1)" xactid="61831512" currentdb="5" lockTimeout="4294967295" clientoption1="671088672" clientoption2="128056"> <executionStack> <frame procname="DatabaseName.dbo.prcTable2_Insert" line="18" stmtstart="576" stmtend="1148" sqlhandle="0x0300050079e62d06e9307f000b9d00000100000000000000"> INSERT INTO dbo.Table2 ( f1, table1_id, f2 ) VALUES ( @p1, @p_DocumentVersionID, @p1 ) </frame> </executionStack> <inputbuf> Proc [Database Id = 5 Object Id = 103671417] </inputbuf> </process> <process id="process968898" taskpriority="0" logused="0" waitresource="PAGE: 5:1:46510" waittime="7625" ownerId="61831406" transactionname="INSERT" lasttranstarted="2010-04-16T07:10:12.717" XDES="0x418ec00" lockMode="S" schedulerid="2" kpid="1724" status="suspended" spid="53" sbid="0" ecid="0" priority="0" transcount="2" lastbatchstarted="2010-04-16T07:10:12.713" lastbatchcompleted="2010-04-16T07:10:12.713" clientapp=".Net SqlClient Data Provider" hostname="VIDEV01-B-ME" hostpid="3040" loginname="DatabaseName" isolationlevel="read committed (2)" xactid="61831406" currentdb="5" lockTimeout="4294967295" clientoption1="671088672" clientoption2="128056"> <executionStack> <frame procname="DatabaseName.dbo.prcGetList" line="64" stmtstart="3548" stmtend="11570" sqlhandle="0x03000500dbcec17e8d267f000b9d00000100000000000000"> <!-- XXXXXXXXXXXXXX...SELECT STATEMENT WITH Multiple joins including both Table2 table 1 and .... XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX --> </frame> </executionStack> <inputbuf> Proc [Database Id = 5 Object Id = 2126630619] </inputbuf> </process> </process-list> <resource-list> <pagelock fileid="1" pageid="46510" dbid="5" objectname="DatabaseName.dbo.table1" id="lock6236bc0" mode="IX" associatedObjectId="72057594042908672"> <owner-list> <owner id="process8db1f8" mode="IX"/> </owner-list> <waiter-list> <waiter id="process968898" mode="S" requestType="wait"/> </waiter-list> </pagelock> <objectlock lockPartition="0" objid="789577851" subresource="FULL" dbid="5" objectname="DatabaseName.dbo.Table2" id="lock970a240" mode="S" associatedObjectId="789577851"> <owner-list> <owner id="process968898" mode="S"/> </owner-list> <waiter-list> <waiter id="process8db1f8" mode="IX" requestType="wait"/> </waiter-list> </objectlock> </resource-list> </deadlock> </deadlock-list> Can anyone explain why the INSERT gets the IX page lock ? Am I not reading the deadlock report properly? BTW, I have not managed to reproduce this issue. Thanks!

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• Evaluation of CTEs in SQL Server 2005

  - by Jammer

  I have a question about how MS SQL evaluates functions inside CTEs. A couple of searches didn't turn up any results related to this issue, but I apologize if this is common knowledge and I'm just behind the curve. It wouldn't be the first time :-) This query is a simplified (and obviously less dynamic) version of what I'm actually doing, but it does exhibit the problem I'm experiencing. It looks like this: CREATE TABLE #EmployeePool(EmployeeID int, EmployeeRank int); INSERT INTO #EmployeePool(EmployeeID, EmployeeRank) SELECT 42, 1 UNION ALL SELECT 43, 2; DECLARE @NumEmployees int; SELECT @NumEmployees = COUNT(*) FROM #EmployeePool; WITH RandomizedCustomers AS ( SELECT CAST(c.Criteria AS int) AS CustomerID, dbo.fnUtil_Random(@NumEmployees) AS RandomRank FROM dbo.fnUtil_ParseCriteria(@CustomerIDs, 'int') c) SELECT rc.CustomerID, ep.EmployeeID FROM RandomizedCustomers rc JOIN #EmployeePool ep ON ep.EmployeeRank = rc.RandomRank; DROP TABLE #EmployeePool; The following can be assumed about all executions of the above: The result of dbo.fnUtil_Random() is always an int value greater than zero and less than or equal to the argument passed in. Since it's being called above with @NumEmployees which has the value 2, this function always evaluates to 1 or 2. The result of dbo.fnUtil_ParseCriteria(@CustomerIDs, 'int') produces a one-column, one-row table that contains a sql_variant with a base type of 'int' that has the value 219935. Given the above assumptions, it makes sense (to me, anyway) that the result of the expression above should always produce a two-column table containing one record - CustomerID and an EmployeeID. The CustomerID should always be the int value 219935, and the EmployeeID should be either 42 or 43. However, this is not always the case. Sometimes I get the expected single record. Other times I get two records (one for each EmployeeID), and still others I get no records. However, if I replace the RandomizedCustomers CTE with a true temp table, the problem vanishes completely. Every time I think I have an explanation for this behavior, it turns out to not make sense or be impossible, so I literally cannot explain why this would happen. Since the problem does not happen when I replace the CTE with a temp table, I can only assume it has something to do with the functions inside CTEs are evaluated during joins to that CTE. Do any of you have any theories?

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• Migrate data from SQL Compact to SQL Server 2008

  - by Martin

  I need to do a one-time migration of data from SQL Server Compact Edition to SQL Server 2008 Express Edition. I'm looking for a tool to do this kind of migration. I've tried using Import and Export Data in SQL Server, but it doesn't let me import from SQL Server Compact Edition. Anyone knows of a easy way to do it?

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• Problem attaching mdf file in sql server 2008

  - by Fraz Sundal

  I have an mdf file of sql server 2005 database now i want it to attach in sql server 2008 R2 but when i try to attach it, it gave me error saying. Unable to open the physical file "D:\Fraz\Freelance\Database\DBmdf13aug\mbh_pk.mdf". Operating system error 5: "5(Access is denied.)". (Microsoft SQL Server, Error: 5120) what can be the problem and how to fix it? Is this folder permission error or sql server 2008 have something missing

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• SQL Server - VMWare install - Utilize more RAM

  - by alex

  We have a SQL server machine - It’s a VMWare image (running on ESXi hardware etc..) It has windows 2008 x64 standard The SQL install is SQL 2008 standard The virtual machine has 12gb of RAM, and 4 virtual CPU The box is suffering from near 100% CPU a lot of the time I enabled the AWE- but SQL server only seems to use 3-4gb of RAM Is there a way of making it use more available ram more effectively? cache results for example..?

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