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• How can I audit a Linux filesystem for files which have been changed or added within a specific time

  - by Bcos

  We are a website design/hosting company running several sites on a Linux server using Joomla 1.5.14 and recently someone was able exploit a vulnerability in the RW Cards component to write arbitrary files/modify existing files on our filesystem enabling them to do some nasty things to our customers sites. We have removed vulnerable modules from all sites but are still seeing some problems. We suspect that they still have some scripts installed and need a way to audit anything that has been changed or added in the last 10 days. Is there a command or script we can run to do this?

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• How safe is it to rely on thirdparty Python libs in a production product?

  - by skyler

  I'm new to Python and come from the write-everything-yourself world of PHP (at least this is how I always approached it). I'm using Flask, WTForms, Jinja2, and I've just discovered Flask-Login which I want to use. My question is about the reliability of using thirdparty libraries for core functionality in a project that is planned to be around for several years. I've installed these libraries (via pip) into a virtualenv environment. What happens if these libraries stop being distributed? Should I back up these libraries (are they eggs)? Can I store these libraries in my project itself, instead of relying on pip to install them in a virtualenv? And should I store these separately? I'm worried that I'll rely on a library for core functionality, and then one day I'll download an incompatible version through pip, or the author or maintainer will stop distributing it and it'll no longer be available. How can I protect against this, and ensure that any thirdparty libraries that I use in my projects will always be available as they are now?

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• How useful is mounting /tmp noexec?

  - by Novelocrat

  Many people (including the Securing Debian Manual) recommend mounting /tmp with the noexec,nodev,nosuid set of options. This is generally presented as one element of a 'defense-in-depth' strategy, by preventing the escalation of an attack that lets someone write a file, or an attack by a user with a legitimate account but no other writable space. Over time, however, I've encountered arguments (most prominently by Debian/Ubuntu Developer Colin Watson) that noexec is a useless measure, for a couple potential reasons: The user can run /lib/ld-linux.so <binary> in an attempt to get the same effect. The user can still run system-provided interpreters on scripts that can't be run directly Given these arguments, the potential need for more configuration (e.g. debconf likes an executable temporary directory), and the potential loss of convenience, is this a worthwhile security measure? What other holes do you know of that enable circumvention?

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• Overloading methods that do logically different things, does this break any major principles?

  - by siva.k

  This is something that's been bugging me for a bit now. In some cases you see code that is a series of overloads, but when you look at the actual implementation you realize they do logically different things. However writing them as overloads allows the caller to ignore this and get the same end result. But would it be more sound to name the methods more explicitly then to write them as overloads? public void LoadWords(string filePath) { var lines = File.ReadAllLines(filePath).ToList(); LoadWords(lines); } public void LoadWords(IEnumerable<string> words) { // loads words into a List<string> based on some filters } Would these methods better serve future developers to be named as LoadWordsFromFile() and LoadWordsFromEnumerable()? It seems unnecessary to me, but if that is better what programming principle would apply here? On the flip side it'd make it so you didn't need to read the signatures to see exactly how you can load the words, which as Uncle Bob says would be a double take. But in general is this type of overloading to be avoided then?

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• OpenGL + Allegro. Moving from software drawing X Y to openGL is confusing

  - by Aaron

  Having a fair bit of trouble. I'm used to Allegro and drawing sprites on a bitmap buffer at X Y coords. Now I've started a test project with OpenGL and its weird. Basically, as far as I know, theirs many ways to draw stuff in OpenGL. At the moment, I think I'm creating a Quad? Whatever that is, and I think Ive given it a texture of a bitmap and them im drawing that: GLuint gl_image; bitmap = load_bitmap("cat.bmp", NULL); gl_image = allegro_gl_make_texture_ex(AGL_TEXTURE_MASKED, bitmap, GL_RGBA); glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, gl_image); glBegin(GL_QUADS); glColor4ub(255, 255, 255, 255); glTexCoord2f(0, 0); glVertex3f(-0.5, 0.5, 0); glTexCoord2f(1, 0); glVertex3f(0.5, 0.5, 0); glTexCoord2f(1, 1); glVertex3f(0.5, -0.5, 0); glTexCoord2f(0, 1); glVertex3f(-0.5, -0.5, 0); glEnd(); So yeah. So I got a few questions: Is this the best way of drawing a sprite? Is it suitable? The big question: Can anyone help / Does anyone know any tutorials on this weird coordinate thing? If it even is that. It's vastly different from XY, but I want to learn it. I was thinking maybe I could learn how this weird positioning stuff works, and then write a function to try and translate it to X and Y coords. Thats about it. I'm still trying to figure it all out on my own but any contributions you guys can make would be greatly appreciated =D Thanks!

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• Rsync over NFS with QoS: How to view real transfer speed?

  - by Ian Mackinnon

  We have a bandwidth limit between a Linux server and a NAS, created using 'tc' with an IP filter. When writing to an NFS mount of the NAS, rsync claims a very high transfer speed for each file and then waits a long time before acknowledging that everything has finished. The total time taken is consistent with the QoS limit and the time taken by the same transfer over FTP. Why does the write to the NFS mount report higher transfer speeds than are actually happening over the network? How can I monitor the actual bandwidth of the transfer?

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• How should I architect a personal schedule manager that runs 24/7?

  - by Crawford Comeaux

  I've developed an ADHD management system for myself that's attempting to change multiple habits at once. I know this is counter to conventional wisdom, but I've tried the conventional for years & am now trying it my way. (just wanted to say that to try and prevent it from distracting people from the actual question) Anyway, I'd like to write something to run on a remote server that monitors me, helps me build/avoid certain habits, etc. What this amounts to is a system that: runs 24/7 may have multiple independent tasks to run at once may have tasks that require other tasks to run first lets tasks be scheduled by specific time, recurrence (ie. "run every 5 mins"), or interval (ie. "run from 2pm to 3pm") My first naive attempt at this was just a single PHP script scheduled to run every minute by cron (language was chosen in order to use a certain library, but no longer necessary). The logic behind when to run this or that portion of code got hairy pretty quick. So my question is how should I approach this from here? I'm not tied to any one language, though I'm partial to python/javascript. Thoughts: Could be done as a set of scripts that include a scheduling mechanism with one script per bit of logic...but the idea just feels wrong to me. Building it as a daemon could be helpful, but still unsure what to do about dozens of if-else statements for detecting the current time

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• Extract part of a image from a big image

  - by rajat

  I have a 6 images , and each image has a certain section that i want to save as a separate image , the problem is that it has to be accurate because i am doing some animation using the sub-image so they should exactly . so I want to accurately extract a that part from each of the 6 images , i can't do it using a image editor in which i have to make the bounding box myself because it will not be accurate , is there any program that lets me do this by like defining a box using numerical values. PS: I don't want to write matlab or opencv program for this .

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• Is the hosts file ignored in windows if DNS Client service is running?

  - by Mnebuerquo

  I've seen a number of articles about how to edit the hosts file in Windows 7, but it's all about how to open notepad as administrator, not the actual behavior of the dns lookups afterward. I've read that the hosts file is ignored in XP SP2 if DNS Client service is running. I have tried this on my XP machine and it seems to be true. I can see how it is a security danger to have a hosts file that user programs could modify. If it could write to hosts, then any malware could spoof dns locally with minimal difficulty. I'm trying to use the hosts file for testing stuff on my local network without it going to the live site on the internet. At the same time I want to be able to use dns on the normal internet. Mostly though I just want to understand the rules on the newer windows systems. Thanks!

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• cURL looking for CA in the wrong place

  - by andrewtweber

  On Redhat Linux, in a PHP script I am setting cURL options as such: curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, True); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_CAINFO, '/home/andrew/share/cacert.pem'); Yet I am getting this exception when trying to send data (curl error: 77) error setting certificate verify locations: CAfile: /etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt CApath: none Why is it looking for the CAfile in /etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt? I don't know where this folder is coming from as I don't set it anywhere. Shouldn't it be looking in the place I specified, /home/andrew/share/cacert.pem? I don't have write permission /etc/ so simply copying the file there is not an option. Am I missing some other curl option that I should be using? (This is on shared hosting - is it possible that it's disallowing me from setting a different path for the CAfile?)

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• On Ubuntu, how to design a monitor to run a process when a file is written to a directory?

  - by J G

  I want to run a process when a file is written to a directory on Ubuntu. I understand I can write a monitor to do this. (ie not an event based trigger but a 'monitor'). To implement this - other than writing a for loop of infinite duration in C that polls the directory - what steps would you take to implement this? What steps would you take to implement a monitor on Ubuntu that runs a process (another application) when a file is written to a directory? (The reason that you'd do this is the that process writing the file is under a limited set of permissions (eg tomcat6) but the executed process (an existing software package) needs root (ie to run a process in a chroot jail))

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• Apache Tomcat 6.0.29 startup causing Win XP SP3 reboot

  - by Liam

  Some of our Windows XP Developer machines die (black screen - no ping) when starting up Tomcat from a console. This only happens if the Tomcat debug console window is displayed (not minimised). When minimised, the startup / run is successful. I've checked for Tomcat logs and the crash sessions produce empty (zero bytes) tomcat log files. No system logs exist and no crash dump is created even though this is enabled in the Windows settings. The machine is dual screen and another machine with the same image has the same issue. The only clue is just before the crash, one of the monitors the system reports "Cannot display video mode 1280x1024" (approximate error, didn't write it down). Is there a way I can get Windows to produce log files of this crash session? Beyond running Tomcat as a service / minimised window, how can I fix (or even investigate)?

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• Registering in the iOS developer program as a minor

  - by maxluzuriaga

  Hi there. Recently I started learning to develop Apps for iOS, and while the simulator is fine for starting out, I've gotten to the point that I really should be testing the Apps I write on an actual device. As I'm sure you are well aware, to do this you must be a member of the $99/year iOS developer program, which also allows you to publish on the App Store. I'm more than happy to pay the fee, but my problem is that I'm still a minor, and to join the developer program you must be over 18 in the U.S. (I'm not sure how it works in other countries). I've talked to a few others that were in a similar position, but their responses have been varied. From what I've gathered, the best course of action is to register in the name of one of my parents. My problem with this is that if I were to ever publish an App on the store, it would be ideal to have my name as the seller instead of my Dad's. It wouldn't be the end of the world if this happened, but as I said, this wouldn't be ideal. Now I turn to you; is this a good plan? Have any of you been in this position or known somebody who has? Any other tips would be greatly appreciated. Thanks!

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• How can I VPN into a domain and act as if it is local?

  - by Duall

  I've looked and looked and the internet seems to have finally failed me, there's no information on my specific issue. I have two locations, and one server (sbs 2008); I need them to act like one physical LAN. I know it's possible, I just know how to set it up, or anything about VPNs, etc. So, just to clarify a bit more: 1 Small Business Server 2008 ~30 Computers with varying systems from Windows XP to 7 2 Physical Locations I use redirected folders, but since that would consume a lot of bandwith over VPN, I have a machine over there that can be the workhorse for storage. Users need to access e-mail and shared databases from this server (or possibly some form of DFS with aforementioned workhorse) from the other building. Is there a nice tutorial (or I nice person that wants to write it) online that can explain how to set up computers from an external network to act like they were in the LAN?

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• Puzzled about PHP file permission and shared webhosting - what are some explanations?

  - by extrakun

  I have this issue with different web-hosting, particular upload scripts which can only upload to a folder only if it has 777 permission (which is risky). On the test server (on a different webhost), 755 works well. On another web-hosting, log files generated by PHP file functions cannot be write to some time, but other files are mysteriously unaffected (for instance, the log files for the entire week is 655, and they work well, but just today's log-file doesn't work unless it is set to 777). I am more of an application developer than a server backend expert, so these behaviours puzzle me to no end. Why are they happening? What can be done?

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• How to create a filesystem mountable by windows in linux?

  - by wcoenen

  I have attached an external USB disk to my debian gnu/linux system. The disk showed up as device /dev/sdc, and I prepared it like this: created a single partition with fdisk /dev/sdc (and some more commands in the interactive session that follows) formatted the partition with mkfs.msdos /dev/sdc1 If I then attach the USB disk to a Windows XP or Vista system, then no new drive becomes available. The disk and its partition show up fine in the disk managment tool under "computer management", but apparently the file system in the partition is not recognized. How do I create a FAT32 file system which can actually be used in windows? edit: I've given up on this and went with a NTFS file system created by windows. In debian lenny this can be mounted read-write but apparently it requires you to install the "ntfs-3g" package and explicitly pass the -t ntfs-3g option to the mount command.

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• General List of Common Programming Errors

  - by javamonkey79

  As one journey's from apprentice to journeyman to master I've noticed that one accumulates a list of best practices for things they've been bitten by. Personally, I write most of my stuff in java & SQL so my list tends to be slated towards them. I've accumulated the following: When doing list removal, always reverse iterate Avoid adding items to a list you are currently iterating on Watch out for NullPointerExceptions Now, I know there are language specific "common errors" links out there like this one. And I'm also aware of the pragmatic programmer tips, Martin Fowler's "code smells". Does anyone know of any good lists out there of things like I've listed above (re: list removal, adding items, etc). My guess is that there are some good QA folks out there that can probably throw me a bone here. I'm not looking for things the compiler can catch - I'm looking for common things that cause bugs. In the event that there isn't a list out there already then I welcome posting your own findings here. Thanks in advance!

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• Open NetApp CIFS Share

  - by kingfish

  I have a CIFS share on a NetApp device. I want this share to be completely open to any user/computer on the same network. I don't want any authentication (domain, workgroup, etc) required; no login/password should need to be provided. Currently I have CIFS configured to use "Domain - Windows 2000" authentication and have the permissions on the share set to "Everyone - Full Read/Write" but if you try to connect to it from a machine that isn't bound to the domain it is asking for login info.

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• What's causing "shutdown state" after TFTP reloaded Cisco `running-config` on 871?

  - by xtian

  Cisco CCP Write Configuration borked my 871w config while I was trying to setup port forwarding. I tested the 871's flash memory with fsck and rewrote the minimal config for TFTP (which is the same for Cisco's CCP app.). Thne, I successfully uploaded a previously working running-config from Win Vista using SolarWinds TFTP Server, unfortunately the restore was not entirely successful. The old running config was saved to the 871's startup-config and I can login using console port. Some other things that are working are the hostname and welcome message but that's about it. Startup shows an error SETUP: new interface NVI0 placed in "shutdown" state after tftp. The missing light on the access point modem for ethernet link show the 871'a outside FE4 is not working. SO...what's the possible problem with reloading a previously working config (approximately 4 months with the same config) via TFTP? Is there something I can look for on the 871 to verify the config?

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• Mirroring svn repository

  - by cardy

  I have an svn repository and I'd like to have it duplicated over multiple machines for availability purpose. By now when my vps goes down, I'm unable to connect to repository and this is very annoying. Easiest (and expansive) solution is to setup two identical machine and make them work like clones. I'd like to know if there are any alternative (involving 2 machines). Ideally I would have two vps in different datacenters, so if one goes down I can rely on the other. Thanks. I need a mirror both for read and write not only for read. Svn Repos are berkley-db based

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• Unnamed Refactoring

  - by Liam McLennan

  This post is a message in a bottle. It cast it into the sea in the hope that it will one day return to me, stuffed to the cork with enlightenment. Yesterday I  tweeted, what is the name of the pattern where you replace a multi-way conditional with an associative array? I said ‘pattern’ but I meant ‘refactoring’. Anyway, no one replied so I will describe the refactoring here. Programmers tend to think imperatively, which leads to code such as: public int GetPopulation(string country) { if (country == "Australia") { return 22360793; } else if (country == "China") { return 1324655000; } else if (country == "Switzerland") { return 7782900; } else { throw new Exception("What ain't no country I ever heard of. They speak English in what?"); } } which is horrid. We can write a cleaner version, replacing the multi-way conditional with an associative array, treating the conditional as data: public int GetPopulation(string country) { if (!Populations.ContainsKey(country)) throw new Exception("The population of " + country + " could not be found."); return Populations[country]; } private Dictionary<string, int> Populations { get { return new Dictionary<string, int> { {"Australia", 22360793}, {"China", 1324655000}, {"Switzerland", 7782900} }; } } Does this refactoring already have a name? Otherwise, I propose Replace multi-way conditional with associative array

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• bash shell script which adds output of commands

  - by John Kube

  Let's say I have a command called foo which prints a number to the screen when called: $foo 3 Let's also say I have another command called bar which prints another number to the screen when called: $bar 5 I'm looking to write a shell script which will add together the output of foo and bar. How would I do that? (The outputs from the commands are not known ahead of time. They just so happen to have been 3 and 5 the last time they were run. They could have been something else.) Thanks!

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• My Obligatory IPad Post

  - by mark.wilcox

  I've had my IPad for about a week now. So I thought I'd write some thoughts down based on my initial experiences. Here are my initial take-aways: 1 - Netflix OnDemand - I'm a movie junkie. I'm now more apt to just start a movie as background sound for my workday (I telecommute - so except for the occasional bark from my dog, it's awfully quiet here if I don't have something going). 2 - The Email Client is really nice and I'm as fast or faster typing when I have the wireless keyboard engaged. Even with onscreen keyboard - I'm already close to 75% of desktop speed 3 - The battery life is incredible - I think this is the first case where a mobile device actually under-promised on battery 4 - It totally has killed the notion of using a normal PC for my wife and mother-in-law - neither of which had wanted an iPhone/iPod Touch or really any Apple device until they got to play with my iPad. The concept of - instant on, easy to hold and touch-based navigation has them hooked. Heck, it has me hooked. My ultimate goal is to be able to have it at least replace the need to take my netbook with me on the road. I haven't had a chance to complete my testing on that front yet - between work, my wife traveling (for a change) and now my wife home sick - I haven't had time to just play with it. But so far my only regret - that I haven't already bought two more for everyone else in my family who wants to use mine. Posted via email from Virtual Identity Dialogue

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• Filtering serial port io

  - by mr odus

  I am currently working on a project where I communicate with hardware via a com port on its respective pc(win xp or 7) It is a fairly large project and sifting through the log file can be a bit of pain. This is my current setup. I use putty to do the actual serial communication, and write it to a log file. Then using MinGW Msys I filter it using tail -f "puttyLog" | grep -i "search term" Is there a better way to do this? I mean specifically filtering the input in realtime. Not that mine is terrible, but it still involves having to read from a log and sometimes there have been hangups where it will be delayed for a minute or 2. I have used software in the past with a main io window and then internal filter panels, but can no longer remember or find it.

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• Grep all files in a directory and print matches with file name

  - by javanix

  I have a list of log files that I create as part of a video encoding script that I wrote. I would like to search all of them and print out certain statistics from the encode - how fast they were encoded, what settings were used, etc. I can search for the average framerate in one file via this 1 liner: cat ${filename} | grep average which outputs: work: average encoding speed for job is 23.211176 fps and search for the ratefactor: cat ${filename} | grep RF I would like to search all files in the directory and print off one, or prefereably both pieces of information along with the filename. Is there any way I can use find or grep to get this in a one-liner, or do I need to write a script? I would like output like this: /home/javanix/filename.log <RF line> <average line> I would like this to either work using FreeBSD 9 or Ubuntu 12.04.

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