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  • Java: reusable encapsulation with interface, abstract class or inner classes?

    - by HH
    I try to encapsulate. Exeption from interface, static inner class working, non-static inner class not working, cannot understand terminology: nested classes, inner classes, nested interfaces, interface-abstract-class -- sounds too Repetitive! Exception 'illegal type' from interface apparently because values being constants(?!) static interface userInfo { File startingFile=new File("."); String startingPath="dummy"; try{ startingPath=startingFile.getCanonicalPath(); }catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace();} } Working code but no succes with non-static inner class import java.io.*; import java.util.*; public class listTest{ public interface hello{String word="hello word from Interface!";} public static class hej{ hej(){} private String hejo="hello hallo from Static class with image"; public void printHallooo(){System.out.println(hejo);} } public class nonStatic{ nonStatic(){} //HOW TO USE IT? public void printNonStatic(){System.out.println("Inside static class with an image!");} } public static void main(String[] args){ //INTERFACE TEST System.out.println(hello.word); //INNNER CLASS STATIC TEST hej h=new hej(); h.printHallooo(); //INNER CLASS NON-STATIC TEST nonStatic ns=new nonStatic(); ns.printNonStatic(); //IS there a way to it without STATIC? } } Output The above code works but how non-staticly? Output: hello word from Interface! hello hallo from Static class with image! StaticPrint without an image of the class! Related Nesting classes inner classes? interfacses

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  • How do you unit test new code that uses a bunch of classes that cannot be instantiated in a test har

    - by trendl
    I'm writing a messaging layer that should handle communication with a third party API. The API has a bunch of classes that cannot be easily (if at all) instantiated in a test harness. I decided to wrap each class that I need in my unit tests with an adapter/wrapper and expose the members I need through this adapter class. Often I need to expose the wrapped type as well which I do by exposing it as an object. I have also provided an interface for for each or the adapter classes to be able to use them with a mocking framework. This way I can substitute the classes in test for whatever I need. The downside is that I have a bunch of adapter classes that so far server no other reason but testing. For me this is a good reason by itself but others may find this not enough. Possibly, when I write an implementation for another third party vendor's API, I may be able to reuse much of my code and only provide the adapters specific to the vendor's API. However, this is a bit of a long shot and I'm not actually sure it will work. What do you think? Is this approach viable or am I writing unnecessary code that serves no real purpose? Let me say that I do want to write unit tests for my messaging layer and I do now know how to do it otherwise.

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  • Where should test classes be stored in the project?

    - by limc
    I build all my web projects at work using RAD/Eclipse, and I'm interested to know where do you guys normally store your test's *.class files. All my web projects have 2 source folders: "src" for source and "test" for testcases. The generated *.class files for both source folders are currently placed under WebContent/WEB-INF/classes folder. I want to separate the test *.class files from the src *.class files for 2 reasons:- There's no point to store them in WebContent/WEB-INF/classes and deploy them in production. Sonar and some other static code analysis tools don't produce an accurate static code analysis because it takes account of my crappy yet correct testcase code. So, right now, I have the following output folders:- "src" source folder compiles to WebContent/WEB-INF/classes folder. "test" source folder compiles to target/test-classes folder. Now, I'm getting this warning from RAD:- Broken single-root rule: A project may not contain more than one output folder. So, it seems like Eclipse-based IDEs prefer one project = one output folder, yet it provides an option for me to set up a custom output folder for my additional source folder from the "build path" dialog, and then it barks at me. I know I can just disable this warning myself, but I want to know how you guys handle this. Thanks.

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  • Best way to import a pack or "system" of new classes??

    - by Joe Blow
    Here's an Advanced question for Advanced developers. So I've written a largish "subsystem". It is essentially a UIViewController called CleverViewController which is a UIViewController. Now, there are a large number of supporting classes (about ten) that do the hard work: perform math functions, image processing, purely logical functions, build images or what have you with thousands of lines of code. (To do this, I simply started a new XCode project / app "Scratchpad" which does little other than load and launch the CleverViewController. So currently it works as an app, which launches CleverViewController. The ten or so classes I mention that are part of the "subsystem" simply sit there in that project/app.) So now, we will use CleverViewController, the new technology generally, in various apps. (Or perhaps friends would want to use it, etc.) What's the best way to "do" this? Have I screwed everything up, and really it should just be ONE (pretty big) class rather than a dozen classes? (I could understand that then as I would simply add that new (big) class where needed, like adding any other class.) Do I have to make a "framework" like the Apple frameworks? (If so, what the hell are they, how do you do it, etc?!?) In fact, do you just have to lamely include all of the dozen classes and that's that (obviously perhaps putting them in a grouped subfolder). What about all the headers and so on? (Currently I just have the dozen includes in the pch file of the scratchpad project.) Shouldn't it be easy to "maintain" this "subsystem" separately and so on? I'm afraid I know nothing about this: if the answer is obvious, hit me over the head and let me know. Thank you for any info on this !

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  • Is this a legitimate registry key? (windows 7)

    - by Keyes
    In hkey_local_machine/software/classes I found some registry keys named msime.taiwan, msime.japan and a couple others with similar names, except with a number at the end of, so there was 4 keys altogether. From what I know itmcoulc be associated with a thing in windows that lets you write japanese characters or whatever. I also found a macaffee page, , which seemed dated but it said the key is created by a virus named w32 virut. Just wondering is this a legit key? I found it on another pc and both pcs show when exported to a .txt show it was last written to in 2009. Here is the reg query for the 4 keys. (added lines to differentiate them.) HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Classes\MSIME.Japan (Default) REG_SZ Microsoft IME (Japanese) HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Classes\MSIME.Japan\CLSID (Default) REG_SZ {6A91029E-AA49-471B-AEE7-7D332785660D} HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Classes\MSIME.Japan\CurVer (Default) REG_SZ MSIME.Japan.11 HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Classes\MSIME.Japan.11 (Default) REG_SZ Microsoft IME (Japanese) HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Classes\MSIME.Japan.11\CLSID (Default) REG_SZ {6A91029E-AA49-471B-AEE7-7D332785660D} HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Classes\MSIME.Taiwan\CLSID (Default) REG_SZ {F407D01A-0BCB-4591-9BD6-EA4A71DF0799} HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Classes\MSIME.Taiwan\CurVer (Default) REG_SZ MSIME.Taiwan.8 HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Classes\MSIME.Taiwan.8 (Default) REG_SZ IMTCCORE HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Classes\MSIME.Taiwan.8\CLSID (Default) REG_SZ {F407D01A-0BCB-4591-9BD6-EA4A71DF0799}

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  • Desktop application, dependency injection

    - by liori
    I am thinking of applying a real dependency injection library to my toy C#/GTK# desktop application. I chose NInject, but I think this is irrelevant to my question. There is a database object, a main window and several utility window classes. It's clear that I can inject the database into every window object, so here DI is useful. But does it make sense to inject utility window classes into other window classes? Example: I have classes such as: class MainWindow {…} class AddItemWindow {…} class AddAttachmentWindow {…} class BrowseItemsWindow {…} class QueryBuilderWindow {…} class QueryBrowserWindow {…} class PreferencesWindow {…} … Each of the utility classes can be opened from MainWindow. Some utility windows can also be opened from other utility windows. Generally, there might be a really complex graph of who can open whom. So each of those classes might need quite a lot of other window classes injected. I'm worried that such usage will go against the suggestion not to inject too many classes at once and become a code smell. Should I use some kind of a service locator object here?

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  • Is there a Maven plugin to generate AS3 classes from Java for BlazeDS ?

    - by Maskime
    Hi, I'm looking for a maven plugin that would generate ActionScript3 classes from Java classes in order to access them by object remoting. I've seen FlexMojo but it uses the GraniteDS generator wich create some problems when it comes to map Enum objects (wich can be fix through a workaround that is describe here : http://dev.c-ware.de/confluence/display/PUBLIC/Flexmojos+generated+AS3+model+with+Enum+support+using+BlazeDS?focusedCommentId=7634946&#comment-7634946 if you've googled your way here this might be useful) when working with BlazeDS. Everything that i found so far are people who explain how to generate VO classes on flex side using Flash Builder 4, but this solution can not be used in an industrial developpement environnement. Thanks in advance for any leads on this matter.

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  • how to: re-assemble machine generated classes from xsd files to their original nested state.

    - by Paul Connolly
    Hi everyone, I'm working in Visual Studio 2008 using c#. Let's say I have 2 xsd files e.g "Envelope.xsd" and "Body.xsd" I create 2 sets of classes by running xsd.exe, creating something like "Envelope.cs" and "Body.cs", so far so good. I can't figure out how to link the two classes to serialize (using XmlSerializer) into the proper nested xml, i.e: I want: <Envelope><DocumentTitle>Title</DocumentTitle><Body>Body Info</Body></Envelope> But I get: <Envelope><DocumentTitle>Title</DocumentTitle></Envelope><Body>Body Info</Body> Could someone perhaps show me how the two .cs classes should look to enable XmlSerializer to runt the desired nested result? Thanks a million Paul

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  • Does Delphi really handle dynamic classes better than static?

    - by John
    Hello, I was told more than once that Delphi handles dynamic classes better than static.Thereby using the following: type Tsomeclass=class(TObject) private procedure proc1; public someint:integer; procedure proc2; end; var someclass:TSomeclass; implementation ... initialization someclass:=TSomeclass.Create; finalization someclass.Free; rather than type Tsomeclass=class private class procedure proc1; public var someint:integer; class procedure proc2; end; 90% of the classes in the project I'm working on have and need only one instance.Do I really have to use the first way for using those classes? Is it better optimized,handled by Delphi? Sorry,I have no arguments to backup this hypothesis,but I want an expert's opinion. Thanks in advance!

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  • Should my internal API classes be all in one package?

    - by Chris
    I'm hard at work packaging up an API for public consumption. As such I'm trying to limit the methods that are exposed to only those that I wish to be public and supportable. Underneath this of course there are a multitude of limited access methods. The trouble is that I have a lot of internal code that needs to access these restricted methods without making those methods public. This creates two issues: I can't create interfaces to communicate between classes as this would make these my internal methods public. I can't access protected or default methods unless I put the majority of my internal classes in the same package. So, I have around 70 or 80 internal classes in cleanly segregated packages BUT with overly permissive access modifiers. Would you say that a single package is the lesser of two evils or is there a better way to be able to mask my internal methods whilst keeping more granular packages? I'd be interested to find out the best practice here. I'm already aware of This

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  • Why do Java source files go into a directory structure?

    - by bdhar
    Suppose that I am creating a Java project with the following classes com.bharani.ClassOne com.bharani.ClassTwo com.bharani.helper.HelperOne com.bharani.helper.support.HelperTwo with files put immediately under the folder 'src' src/ClassOne.java src/ClassTwo.java src/HelperOne.java src/HelperTwo.java and compile them using the command $ javac src/*.java -d classes (assuming that classes directory exists) The compiler compiles these files and put the class files in appropriate sub-directories inside the 'classes' directory like this classes/com/bharani/ClassOne.class classes/com/bharani/ClassTwo.class classes/com/bharani/helper/HelperOne.class classes/com/bharani/helper/support/HelperTwo.class Because the spec mandates that the classes should go inside appropriate directory structure. Fine. My question is this: When I use an IDE such as Eclipse or NetBeans, they create the directory structure for the source code directory ('src' directory here) also. Why is that? Is it mandatory? Or, is it just a convention? Thanks.

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  • How do I generate (ActionSctipt) classes for a new project?

    - by Iain
    Whenever I start a new game, I make a whole bunch of classes that extend my base classes, so: com.blah.Game extends com.iainlobb.Game and has some setup code com.blah.Player extends com.iainlobb.Player, and has some setup code etc Now all I need is a way to generate these classes at the start of the project so I don't have to create each one manually. It will save me at least an hour of faffing around per game. So how do I do it? I normally use FlashDevelop but I also have FlexBuilder 3, or I'm happy to download whatever other software I need (PC). Thanks.

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  • Should i use partial classes as business layer when using entity framework?

    - by samsur
    I am working on a project using entity framework. Is it okay to use partial classes of the EF generated classes as the business layer. I am begining to think that this is how EF is intended to be used. I have attempted to use a DTO pattern and soon realized that i am just creating a bunch of mapping classes that is duplicating my effort and also a cause for more maintenance work and an additional layer. I want to use self-tracking-entities and pass the EF entities to all the layers. Please share your thoughts and ideas. Thanks

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  • How to use another classes member variables in c++?

    - by Stephen
    Hi there I'm currently programming a Yahtzee game, and I'm having trouble with some of my classes I have two classes, Player, and Scorecard. class Player { private: string name; Scorecard scorecard; }; class Scorecard { public: void display() { //... } }; (All the classes have the appropriate getters and setters) I'd like the scorecard class to be able to display the name of the player to the user. Is there any way that can be done?

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  • Project structure: where to put business logic

    - by Mister Smith
    First of all, I'm not asking where does business logic belong. This has been asked before and most answers I've read agree in that it belongs in the model: Where to put business logic in MVC design? How much business logic should be allowed to exist in the controller layer? How accurate is "Business logic should be in a service, not in a model"? Why put the business logic in the model? What happens when I have multiple types of storage? However people disagree in the way this logic should be distributed across classes. There seem to exist three major currents of thought: Fat model with business logic inside entity classes. Anemic model and business logic in "Service" classes. It depends. I find all of them problematic. The first option is what most Fowlerites stick to. The problem with a fat model is that sometimes a business logic funtion is not only related to a class, and instead uses a bunch of other classes. If, for example, we are developing a web store, there should be a function that calcs an order's total. We could think of putting this function inside the Order class, but what actually happens is that the logic needs to use different classes, not only data contained in the Order class, but also in the User class, the Session class, and maybe the Tax class, Country class, or Giftcard, Payment, etc. Some of these classes could be composed inside the Order class, but some others not. Sorry if the example is not very good, but I hope you understand what I mean. Putting such a function inside the Order class would break the single responsibility principle, adding unnecesary dependences. The business logic would be scattered across entity classes, making it hard to find. The second option is the one I usually follow, but after many projects I'm still in doubt about how to name the class or classes holding the business logic. In my company we usually develop apps with offline capabilities. The user is able to perform entire transactions offline, so all validation and business rules should be implemented in the client, and then there's usually a background thread that syncs with the server. So we usually have the following classes/packages in every project: Data model (DTOs) Data Access Layer (Persistence) Web Services layer (Usually one class per WS, and one method per WS method). Now for the business logic, what is the standard approach? A single class holding all the logic? Multiple classes? (if so, what criteria is used to distribute the logic across them?). And how should we name them? FooManager? FooService? (I know the last one is common, but in our case it is bad naming because the WS layer usually has classes named FooWebService). The third option is probably the right one, but it is also devoid of any useful info. To sum up: I don't like the first approach, but I accept that I might have been unable to fully understand the Zen of it. So if you advocate for fat models as the only and universal solution you are welcome to post links explaining how to do it the right way. I'd like to know what is the standard design and naming conventions for the second approach in OO languages. Class names and package structure, in particular. It would also be helpful too if you could include links to Open Source projects showing how it is done. Thanks in advance.

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  • Extending User object in Django: User model inheritance or use UserProfile?

    - by Chris
    To extend the User object with custom fields, the Django docs recommend using UserProfiles. However, according to this answer to a question about this from a year or so back: extending django.contrib.auth.models.User also works better now -- ever since the refactoring of Django's inheritance code in the models API. And articles such as this lay out how to extend the User model with custom fields, together with the advantages (retrieving properties directly from the user object, rather than through the .get_profile()). So I was wondering whether there is any consensus on this issue, or reasons to use one or the other. Or even what the Django team currently think?

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  • Design Question - how do you break the dependency between classes using an interface?

    - by Seth Spearman
    Hello, I apologize in advance but this will be a long question. I'm stuck. I am trying to learn unit testing, C#, and design patterns - all at once. (Maybe that's my problem.) As such I am reading the Art of Unit Testing (Osherove), and Clean Code (Martin), and Head First Design Patterns (O'Reilly). I am just now beginning to understand delegates and events (which you would see if you were to troll my SO questions of recent). I still don't quite get lambdas. To contextualize all of this I have given myself a learning project I am calling goAlarms. I have an Alarm class with members you'd expect (NextAlarmTime, Name, AlarmGroup, Event Trigger etc.) I wanted the "Timer" of the alarm to be extensible so I created an IAlarmScheduler interface as follows... public interface AlarmScheduler { Dictionary<string,Alarm> AlarmList { get; } void Startup(); void Shutdown(); void AddTrigger(string triggerName, string groupName, Alarm alarm); void RemoveTrigger(string triggerName); void PauseTrigger(string triggerName); void ResumeTrigger(string triggerName); void PauseTriggerGroup(string groupName); void ResumeTriggerGroup(string groupName); void SetSnoozeTrigger(string triggerName, int duration); void SetNextOccurrence (string triggerName, DateTime nextOccurrence); } This IAlarmScheduler interface define a component that will RAISE an alarm (Trigger) which will bubble up to my Alarm class and raise the Trigger Event of the alarm itself. It is essentially the "Timer" component. I have found that the Quartz.net component is perfectly suited for this so I have created a QuartzAlarmScheduler class which implements IAlarmScheduler. All that is fine. My problem is that the Alarm class is abstract and I want to create a lot of different KINDS of alarm. For example, I already have a Heartbeat alarm (triggered every (int) interval of minutes), AppointmentAlarm (triggered on set date and time), Daily Alarm (triggered every day at X) and perhaps others. And Quartz.NET is perfectly suited to handle this. My problem is a design problem. I want to be able to instantiate an alarm of any kind without my Alarm class (or any derived classes) knowing anything about Quartz. The problem is that Quartz has awesome factories that return just the right setup for the Triggers that will be needed by my Alarm classes. So, for example, I can get a Quartz trigger by using TriggerUtils.MakeMinutelyTrigger to create a trigger for the heartbeat alarm described above. Or TriggerUtils.MakeDailyTrigger for the daily alarm. I guess I could sum it up this way. Indirectly or directly I want my alarm classes to be able to consume the TriggerUtils.Make* classes without knowing anything about them. I know that is a contradiction, but that is why I am asking the question. I thought about putting a delegate field into the alarm which would be assigned one of these Make method but by doing that I am creating a hard dependency between alarm and Quartz which I want to avoid for both unit testing purposes and design purposes. I thought of using a switch for the type in QuartzAlarmScheduler per here but I know it is bad design and I am trying to learn good design. If I may editorialize a bit. I've decided that coding (predefined) classes is easy. Design is HARD...in fact, really hard and I am really fighting feeling stupid right now. I guess I want to know if you really smart people took a while to really understand and master this stuff or should I feel stupid (as I do) because I haven't grasped it better in the couple of weeks/months I have been studying. You guys are awesome and thanks in advance for your answers. Seth

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  • How to make reusable components/classes from existing iPhone project ?

    - by hib
    Hello all, I on the doorstep of a new learning curve . I want to make reusable components / classes from my completed iphone project and with the mention of the following questions , If anyone want to redirect me to some useful reusable components or classes it will be useful to me . http://stackoverflow.com/questions/843167/is-there-a-gallery-of-reusable-iphone-components-on-the-web http://stackoverflow.com/questions/640805/open-source-iphone-components-reusable-views-controllers-buttons-table-cells http://stackoverflow.com/questions/200850/are-there-any-open-source-iphone-applications-around Thanks .

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  • Use annotation to specify which classes/interfaces should be generate javadoc?

    - by ipkiss
    Hi, I have a java program and want to generate javadoc for classes/interfaces. However, I just want to generate javadoc for a certain classes and interfaces. I just want to know if there is any way that I can add an annotation at the beginning of each class/interface to indicate that this class/interface should not be generated javadoc (something like @no-generate-javadoc) Does anyone have ideas, please? Thanks

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  • Generics: How to derive from one of two classes?

    - by Yaron Naveh
    I have the following c# classes: class A : Object { foo() {} } class B : Object { foo() {} } I want to write a generic method that applies to both: void bar<T>(T t) { t.foo(); } this does not compile complaining the foo() is not a member of T. I can add a constraint for T to derive from one of the classes: void bar<T>(T t) where T : A but how can I have it for both?

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  • Is it allowed to load Swing classes in non-EDT thread?

    - by ddimitrov
    After the introduction of Java Memory Model, the Swing guidelines were changed to state that any Swing components need to be instantiated on the EDT in order to avoid non-published instance state. What I could not find anywhere is whether the classloading is also mandated to be on the EDT or can we pre-load key Swing classes in a background thread? Is there any official statement from Sun/Oracle on this? Are there any classes that are known to hold non-threadsafe static state, hence need to be loaded on EDT?

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  • PHP OOP Design Patterns: Should I Create two seperate classes for registration and form validation?

    - by Joshua Poshua
    So here's my problem: I have two types of registration, registration A and registration B, each will have some of the same fields and some different fields. I was going to create abstract class registration and both A and B would have their own classes that extend from registration. My question is, should I create a seperate Validation class with seperate A and B validation classes that extend? or is there a better pattern to use for something like this? Thanks

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