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• Memory upgrade to 8GB on unibody MacBook

  - by dlamblin

  I bought the 13" unibody MacBook one month prior to it's upgrade to become the new improved 13" unibody MacBook Pro (with unopenable battery compartment, extra 3 hours of battery life, more color gammut, SD slot, firewire 800 port, and a new 8Gb memory limit). My MacBook says it is limited to 4GB of DDR3 1066mhz memory, in 2 SO-DIMMs. But that was written back when you couldn't get 2 4GB SO-DIMMs. Now that you can get them, the very similar MacBook Pro is shipping with 4GB standard, and can be upgraded to 8GB. I've asked (Apple reps), and I'm repeatedly told that my model cannot be upgraded to 8. When I ask for the reason they alway say: "Because that's the published limit at the time your mac was built." I find this unconvincing. If they said: "Because the memory controller in the chipset is limited to 4GB, despite being seemingly identical to the memory controller in the same chipset newest MacBook model," then I'd just take their word for it. Has anyone tried it, or found any research as to whether two 4GB DDR3 1066mhz SO-DIMMs can be installed in the unibody MacBook without FireWire?

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• Dropbox failing to update?

  - by Mick

  I have two PC's at home. One XP the other Windows 7-64bit. I have a word document that I edit on either PC - to enable this I have the file stored in a Dropbox folder. This usually works fine - but sometimes I find that the file does not get updated on my windows7 PC. I.e. I edit the file on my Windows XP machine, then go to my Windows 7 PC and see that there is a previous, old, datestamp on the file and sure enough if I open up the file to have a look, I see that the latest edits are not included. If I right-click on the file and select "Browse on Dropbox website" I see that the latest file is correctly there. Surely there must be some option to say please update this file - but can find no such thing. Has something gone wrong? I should point out that my wireless internet connection is a little intermittent - could this have caused some glitch? By the way I do not leave the old file open in word on my Windows-7 PC as I can well imagine that would cause trouble. Also I should mention that the icon on the document has the little green tick on it showing that Dropbox is not in the process of doing a transfer. Also the Dropbox icon in my system tray also has the green tick - so Dropbox is not busy transferring some other file(s). If I hover the mouse over the Dropbox icon I get the tooltip "All files up to date".

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• How do I export address book from N97

  - by mplungjan

  Hi, I need to copy my numbers from my private Nokia to my office BB. I have not found a way to export my phone numbers from ovi or elsewhere. On Mac iSync stopped working with snow leopard and OVI on windows does not export. I do not mind using a windows suggestion. I lost a description on how to use the ovi backup files in another program. What I have done so far terminal: sudo open -a iSync.app - it launched but iSync said "this device is not supported by iSync" went here http://europe.nokia.com/support/product-support/isync/compatibility-and-download found a plugin (I am sure that was not there a while ago :| ) Checked software version 22.0.110 installed plugin Ran iSync which found and installed my N97 device successfully. synced. It stopped with The connection was lost while talking to the phone. http://discussions.europe.nokia.com/t5/Nseries-and-S60-Smartphones/N97-iSync-Multimedia-Transfer-Modem/m-p/568560 no news since Jan 2010. Tried to download and install http://best-vcard.en.softonic.com/symbian but the installer fails :( I simply do not understand why Nokia is giving us such a hard time. I would not have considered switching from Nokia if Mac had been better supported. It is so frustrating that they just seem not to care losing Nokia fanbois like me - especially since I am this outspoken on the net and what i say on popular forums gets indexed by google fast. I am very close to just go iPhone here. Hope someone has Nokia's ears UPDATE: I Downloaded NbuExplorer from sourceforge. It will extract everything from an OVI backup into VCF, VCS and VMG files. Very useful software and free.

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• OS X random, jumpy dragging behavior

  - by Chris

  This problem has been going on since I got 10.7, and is persisting or even getting worse since I updated to Mavricks. The best way to describe it is thru an example- Let's say I'm working in Safari. Everything is working fine. Then, I'll switch to another app by clicking on it's window, for example, I'll click on Messages to shoot back a reply. When I click back to Safari, keyboard and mouse inputs don't work! The only way I can regain control of the app (Safari) is by clicking on the apps top bar, which then causes the app to jump left or right. If I'm in Messages and I switch back to Safari by clicking said top bar, it works fine. Same with switching back and forth using command-tab. I've narrowed the problem down to this - the first app (Safari, in this example) is, for some reason, deciding that I'm in the process of dragging the window around. This could be just an oddly persistent glitch in my system, but has anyone else seen this before? Perhaps a misplaced default write... somewhere along the line? Update A PRAM reset did absolutely nothing

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• mpirun -np N, what if N is larger than my core number?

  - by Daniel

  Say I have a 4-core workstation, what would linux (Ubuntu) do if I execute mpirun -np 9 XXX Q1. Will 9 run immediately together, or they will run 4 after 4? Q2. I suppose that using 9 is not good, because the remainder 1, it will make the computer confused, (I don't know is it going to be confused at all, or the "head" of the computer will decide which core among the 4 cores will be used?) Or it will be randomly picked. Who decide which one core to call? Q3. If I feel my cpu is not bad and my ram is okay and large enough, and my case is not very big. Is it a good idea in order to fully use my cpu and ram, that I do mpirun -np 8 XXX, or even mpirun -np 12 XXX. Q4. Who decides all of these effciency optimization, Ubuntu, or linux, or motherboard or cpu? Your enlightenment would be really appreciated.

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• Error occurs when Win 7 opens

  - by user1708748

  I have an HP customized laptop barely a week old. Since yesterday it has given me an error message while opening Windows- every time. it gives error code (0x40000015) refers to an exception at location (0x0033fa4d). I have 64 bit Win 7 and had been transferring files. And installing programs. 8 GB Ram 650 gb hard drive. Not sure which program caused this. Q's that I've seen with this error code all say it occurs while shutting down. A search re. error code told me to use a removal tool. When I downloaded the tool,I got a message saying it is not compatible with Windows 7. Is that really possible? Search re. location code yielded nothing I am an intermediate user. I can restore to an earlier time but I don't know which program might do this again.

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• How to install subversion on 1&1 server with windows?

  - by Miles M.

  I would like to start using Unfuddle for my project on 1&1 server. I never used subversion and core control before. So, I read a lot of documentation about it but each time, I get lost at the very beginning : I've downloaded the latest version of subversion. But on every tutorial, the way to follow is different. First I sae, on a lot of tuts, that you have to enter command lines. Is that ONLY for Linux ? Like here : http://chwalisz.org/2007/08/05/subversion-on-11-shared-hosting/ I also find something completely different on some website, I think (correct me if I'm wrong) it is the Windows tuts, deeply different frm the linu one. So I found that : http://www.codinghorror.com/blog/2008/04/setting-up-subversion-on-windows.html http://geekswithblogs.net/emanish/archive/2006/06/14/81905.aspx http://better-scm.shlomifish.org/subversion/Svn-Win32-Inst-Guide.html And I don t understand : Do I still have to put the sibversion file on the server ? Do I have to install Apach ? where, on my computer or on my server ? I'm working ith WampServer so I thing I have already Apach installed right ? When they say it is for Windows, do they mean it is for windows servers or for your own OS ? 'Cause my servers are on linux. How could I install Subversion on a 1&1 linux server from my W7 OS computer ? Thanks, that's a lot of question but that realle messy in my mind, I can't find something clear ..

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• Using AddEncoding x-gzip .gz without actual files

  - by STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED

  With Apache (2.2 and later) how can I achieve the following. I want to transparently compress using GZip encoding (not plain Deflate) the output when a certain file is queried with its name plus the extension .gz, where the .gz version doesn't physically exist on disk. So let's say I have a file named /path/foo.bar and no file foo.bar.gz in the folder to which the URI /path maps, how can I get Apache to serve the contents of /path/foo.bar but with AddEncoding x-gzip ... applied to the (non-existing) file? The rewrite part appears to be easy, but the problem is how to apply the encoding to a non-existent item. The other way around also seems to be simple as long as the client supports the encoding. Is the only solution really a script that does this on the fly? I'm aware of mod_deflate and mod_gzip and it is not what I'm looking for - at least not alone. In particular I need an actual GZIP file and not just a deflated stream. Now I was thinking of using mod_ext_filter, but couldn't bridge the gap between rewriting the name of the (non-existent) file.gz to file on one side and the LocationMatch on the other. Here's what I have. RewriteRule ^(.*?\.ext)\.gz$ $1 [L] ExtFilterDefine gzip mode=output cmd="/bin/gzip" <LocationMatch "/my-files/special-path/.*?\.ext\.gz"> AddType application/octet-stream .ext.gz SetOutputFilter gzip Header set Content-Encoding gzip </LocationMatch> Note that the header for Content-Encoding isn't really needed by the clients in this case. They expect to see actual GZIP files, but I want to do this on-the-fly without caching (this is a test scenario).

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• Howto: SaaS / PHP Application / Tenants / Security

  - by Ben Fransen

  Hi all, Being completely new in the webhostingcorner I have a few questions on how to implement/setup a webserver for a SaaS application. I'm about to rent my own server for a new product (CMS) I'm launching in two months. Developing the system wasn't that much of wild ride to me, but a correct way to implement it, is. So lets say this is my situation: I want to host 10 websites for 8 clients. There are 6 single sites, and two clients have two websites they can manage with my software. The CMS must be placed on the server too, all clients are connecting to 1 system The database must be placed Depending on the contract a client makes, the client gets some storage. How to measure the used storage over the DB, FileSystem and email Clients may not, in any case be able to somehow get outside their directory, but from the CMS directory the CMS must be able to create files and dirs in a clients directory (for templates, imagegalleries, widgets, etc, etc). I was thinking about something like a dirstructure like this: ./CMS/ [all CMS files] ./Websites/*/ [all websites] My hostingprovider will install updates to the os (CentOS, latest) and the admin panel (Direct Admin). Is there anybody with experience on this topic? Or do you have some thoughts about it? please join the conversation since I'm completely new to this. Ben

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• Windows XP consuming drive letters

  - by billdehaan

  This one's a bit of a stumper. I'm running XP SP3, current with all fixes, etc. My problem is that I can assign a drive letter to a container file (explained below), it works just fine. But once I close the container, the drive letter is no longer available until the next boot. I've got some confidential data that I've placed in a container volume. I've used TrueCrypt (www.truecrypt.com) and FreeOTFE (www.freeotfe.org), with both installed and portable versions for both, with the same result. I open the container file, assign it to a drive letter (say R:), and run some portable apps that are within the volume. When I'm done, I close the container, and the drive letter is released. Fine so far. However, when I attempt to re-open it, the previous drive letter (in this case R:) is no longer available. It's not mapped to anything, it's just unavailable. Even attempting something like "subst R: C:\" returns "Invalid Parameter - R:". I can use the S: drive, no problem, but the next day I have to use T:, then U:, etc. Eventually, I have to reboot to reclaim all of of the drive letters. Unfortunately, everything I've read about drive letters relates to USB assignments, which doesn't apply here. I've tried the "show hidden" command (set devmgr_show_nonpresent_devices=1) with no success. And the Disk Management tool doesn't apply either, since it's not a physical drive. Does anyone know where Windows keeps the list of drive letters? And is there anything short of a reboot that can be used to reset it?

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• SQL 2008 Replication corrupt data problem

  - by Jonathan K

  We took a SQL 2000 database. Took a lightspeed backup. Restored on SQL 2008 active/passive cluster. Then setup replication to replicate the data back to SQL 2000. So 2008 is the publisher/distributor, and 2000 is doing a pull subscription. Everything works well, execpt we occassionally get corrupt data in varchar/text fields on the subscriber. So for example we have a table with 4500 records. When we run this statement: update MedstaffProvider set Notes = 'Cell Phone: 360.123.4567 Answering Service: 360.123.9876' where LastName = 'smith' The record in the 2008 database is updated as expected. But in the subsriber datbase we'll get gibberish in the notes field: óPÌ[1] T $Oé[1] ð²ñ. K Here's what we know: This is repeatable, meaning we can run that same query all day long and get the same gibberish. If you alter update statement slightly the data gets replicated just fine. The collation on both databases is the same. So far we've only detected the problem with text/varchar fields. (The notes field above is text). Only one or two records in a table are impacted. The table structure looks identical in both 2000/2008. We haven't made any changes. We have found one solution that fixes the problem. Basically if we recreate the table in 2008 (say as MedStaffProvider2) and then insert all the data. Drop the original table. Rename the table to it's original name. Setup replication again. And run the exact same update statement it works as expected. Does anyone have any idea what might be happening here? Or are there any other techniques we can use to troubleshoot this? I've found a solution for this, but would really like to undertsand why this is happening.

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• Cisco QoS Guidence

  - by Kyle Brandt

  I have a 10M connection to the internet that is hooked into a 100M port. I am getting started with QoS, and am hopping for a little guidance on setting it up on a Cisco 3825 router. Right now I am going forward with the idea that I have to implement it on my router, and the provider can't provide QoS for me. How I envision it working is that the QoS will drop or queue packets on my router and that will help prevent a situation where the provider has to start dropping a lot of packets. Right now all I am tasked with is making sure that one of the 3 LANs gets a certain slice (say 3M for Gig Lan1) of the 10M internet connection (But ideally this will be more flexible in the Future). 10M Internet on 100M port on HWIC-4ESW +-----------------------+ | | Gig Lan1 | Cisco 3825 | Lan3 on HWIC-4ESW | | +-----------------------+ Gig Lan2 I need to learn more about QoS, but having a target technology and maybe example configuration will help me wrap my head around the reading I am doing a little more. Which Cisco QoS Technology do you recommend for this particular situation? Have a basic sample config of how this might work? Right now the 10M line is not congested, so this more to have something in place in case it starts to become mildly congested in the future.

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• windows cant "see" camera

  - by user330401

  So I bought a lil emerson camera and I am trying to get it to read the thing on windows 7. The instructions for the camer say when you first hook it up via usb AUTOPLAY will come up and your good to go. Well that worked for me the first time I hooked it up. However the 2nd time, it started trying to install drivers. Since then I can't get it to show up in windows explorer. I have tried disabling and uninstalling everything and trying to start from scratch but its useless, I'm stuck with having to pull the sd card everytime. I really dont like doing this as its a cheap camera, so if I can fix the communication between the devices via usb I would be really happy. As of right now the device installation shows a checked USB COMPOSITE DEVICE and 3 X'd GENERIC IMAGE DEVIC. Can someone please help me get this sorted. PS there are no drivers for this camera, not in the packaging, not available from emerson, and to be honest it shouldn't need any. The only function the camera has when hooked up via USB is charging and access to the DCIM. The charging still works, but the drive just won't load. Any suggestions?

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• Rsync: General file/folder synchronization

  - by Rey Leonard Amorato

  I have a file server, which is in-charge of pulling a folder tree from multiple workstations on a daily basis. My current method for this is by using rsync, (which works pretty well provided directory names and/or files remain the same) however, when files are renamed or moved about within subdir1, rsync will copy them over to the server, creating duplicates. I have to manually find and delete extraneous files/folders that had been left on the server during previous syncs. Note that I cannot use rsync's --delete flag because any sync from a workstation will then mirror that particular folder tree, instead of merging them to the server. Visual diagram: Server: Workstation1 Workstation2 Workstation(n) Folder* Folder* Folder* Folder* -subdir1 -subdir1 -subdir1 -subdir(n) -file1 -file1 -file2 -file(n) -file2 -file(n) Is there a simple script (preferably in bash, nothing fancy) that can accomplish the deletion of the extraneous files/folders in the event a file is renamed or moved to a different subdir? Is there a different program, much like rsync that can accomplish this task autonomously and in a much simpler manner? I have looked at unison, but I did not like the fact that it keeps a local database for the syncing info. Any tips at all as to how I am supposed to tackle this? Thank you in advanced for your help. EDIT: I have tried unison just recently and I can safely say it is out of the question now. unison is a bi-directional synchronization tool and from my testing, it mirrors the files existing on the server to all workstations. - This is unwanted. preferably, i would want files/folders to stay within their respective workstations and just merge to the server. AKA uni-directional sync; but with renames/moves propagated to the server. I might have to look into Git/Mercurial/Bazaar as mentioned by kyle, but still unsure if they are fit for the job.

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• How do you handle data archiving?

  - by 20th Century Boy

  Backups are one thing, but long term archival is another. For example, you might be required to store emails for 7 years, or keep all project data indefinitely. I used to save archives to tape, but then I've had tapes get destroyed (drives rip the tape out). So...write to 2 tapes I hear you say. Is that what others do? Have 2 (or more) tapes of the same data for redundancy? But then the other issue is that tapes cannot usually be read by different backup software vendors. Eg if you go from Arcserve - Backup Exec - Commvault over 10 years you would need to keep all 3 systems so that you could restore old data. Likewise for hardware. Old tapes might not be barcoded. Might not be compatible with the new library etc etc. So do you keep old tape hardware AND old software just in case you might need to restore a 10 year-old file? Or...when you move to a new backup system do you migrate all archived data to the new system and re-archive it onto new tapes? That could be a huge job. Any thoughts?

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• make local only daemon listening on different interface (using iptables port forwarding)?

  - by UniIsland

  i have a daemon program which listens on 127.0.0.1:8000. i need to access it when i connect to my box with vpn. so i want it to listen on the ppp0 interface too. i've tried the "ssh -L" method. it works, but i don't think it's the right way to do that, having an extra ssh process running in the background. i tried the "netcat" method. it exits when the connection is closed. so not a valid way for "listening". i also tried several iptables rules. none of them worked. i'm not listing here all the rules i've used. iptables -A FORWARD -j ACCEPT iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i ppp+ -p tcp --dport 8000 -j DNAT --to-destination 127.0.0.1:8000 the above ruleset doesn't work. i have net.ipv4.ip_forward set to 1. anyone knows how to redirect traffic from ppp interface to lo? say, listen on "192.168.45.1:8000 (ppp0)" as well as "127.0.0.1:8000 (lo)" there's no need to alter the port. thanx

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• Reconfiguring, then deleting obsolete pagefile.sys from C: in one go using a batch script

  - by DanielSmedegaardBuus

  I'm trying to set up an automated script for a Windows XP installer. It's a batch script that runs on first boot after installation, and among the things I'm trying to accomplish, is removing the pagefile from C: entirely, and putting a 16-768 MB pagefile on D: instead. Here're my batch file instructions: echo === Creating new page file on D: ... cscript %windir%\system32\pagefileconfig.vbs /create /i 16 /m 768 /vo d: >nul echo. echo === Removing old page file from C: ... cscript %windir%\system32\pagefileconfig.vbs /delete /vo C: attrib -s -h c:\pagefile.sys del c:\pagefile.sys My problem is that while these are sane commands, the removal of the pagefile on C: requires me to reboot before those commands succeed.b Or, in other words — I have to first create the D: pagefile, then reboot and delete the c:\pagefile.sys file, or I'm stuck with a c:\pagefile.sys file which isn't even recognized by Windows itself (it'll just say that there's a page file on D:, and that C: has no pagefile at all). Obviously because already some pages are written to the C:\pagefile.sys file. So how would I go about accomplishing this in one go? Or, in two gos, if this is "batch scriptable" :) TIA, Daniel :) EDIT: I should probably clarify: Running those commands above are all valid, but they'll only succeed fully if I re-run the "attrib" and "del" commands at next boot. The C: pagefile is in use at the time, so I cannot delete the file it uses, and Windows itself won't remove it when I configure it to not use C: as a page file drive. Instead, it'll leave an orphaned c:\pagefile.sys file behind (which is really large). I don't necessarily need this to work in one go, registering the last two commands to run after a reboot would also be great :)

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• Why are folders disappearing in Windows XP?

  - by XenoFoxx

  I am researching a problem for a friend, and unfortunatly do not have direct access to his computer. I've tried to gather as much information as possible and I have researched it on various websites. I've not found anyone having the same problem my friend is having. So here goes: He has a media server in his home running Microsoft Windows XP. It has 3 drives, 1 for the OS and 2 for mass storage. Not long ago he went to access one of the mass storage media drives and it was empty, except for a single folder. His first assumption was that his roommate had deleted everything on the drive (excluding the remaining folder). He then checked the properties of the drive and it was still saying that the hard drive was nearly full. I told him to check the recycling bin, thinking that whoever deleted them didn't clear them from recycling and that they were still taking up space on the drive. My friend said the recycling bin was empty. So we have a drive that the Windows file management system says is empty (again except for the remaining folder), but the properties of the drive say it's mostly full. Now it gets weirder My friend tried to create a new folder on this drive and it auto-named itself "New Folder(1)" which means that it recognizes there is already a "New Folder" in that directory. He tried to rename it to a name that he KNEW was there previsouly, and Windows wouldn't allow it because it was a duplicate folder name. SO now it seems the folders are there, but not displaying in Windows Explorer. Both of us have no idea why this is occuring, why the folders vanished, why the one remaining folder didn't vanish, or how to make them visable again. Anyone else ever experience this? I can get more details if needed.

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• Why does "commit" appear in the mysql slow query log?

  - by Tom

  In our MySQL slow query logs I often see lines that just say "COMMIT". What causes a commit to take time? Another way to ask this question is: "How can I reproduce getting a slow commit; statement with some test queries?" From my investigation so far I have found that if there is a slow query within a transaction, then it is the slow query that gets output into the slow log, not the commit itself. Testing In mysql command line client: mysql begin; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql UPDATE members SET myfield=benchmark(9999999, md5('This is to slow down the update')) WHERE id = 21560; Query OK, 0 rows affected (2.32 sec) Rows matched: 1 Changed: 0 Warnings: 0 At this point (before the commit) the UPDATE is already in the slow log. mysql commit; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) The commit happens fast, it never appeared in the slow log. I also tried a UPDATE which changes a large amount of data but again it was the UPDATE that was slow not the COMMIT. However, I can reproduce a slow ROLLBACK that takes 46s and gets output to the slow log: mysql begin; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql UPDATE members SET myfield=CONCAT(myfield,'TEST'); Query OK, 481446 rows affected (53.31 sec) Rows matched: 481446 Changed: 481446 Warnings: 0 mysql rollback; Query OK, 0 rows affected (46.09 sec) I understand why rollback has a lot of work to do and therefore takes some time. But I'm still struggling to understand the COMMIT situation - i.e. why it might take a while.

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• MySQL-Cluster or Multi-Master for production? Performance issues?

  - by Phillip Oldham

  We are expanding our network of webservers on EC2 to a number of different regions and currently use master/slave replication. We've found that over the past couple of months our slave has stopped replicating a number of times which required us to clear the db and initialise the replication again. As we're now looking to have servers in 3 different regions we're a little concerned about these MySQL replication errors. We believe they're due to auto_increment values, so we're considering a number of approaches to quell these errors and stabilise replication: Multi-Master replication; 3 masters (one in each region), with the relevant auto_increment offsets, regularly backing up to S3. Or, MySQL-Cluster; 3 nodes (one in each region) with a separate management node which will also aggregate logs and statistics. After investigating it seems they both have down-sides (replication errors for the former, performance issues for the latter). We believe the cluster approach would allow us to manage and add new nodes more easily than the Multi-Master route, and would reduce/eliminate the replication issues we're currently seeing. But performance is a priority. Are the performance issues of MySQL-Cluster as bad as people say?

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• VPN with client-to-client direct connectivity?

  - by Johannes Ernst

  When setting up a VPN, clients (say client1 and client2) usually authenticate to a server, and together the three constitute the VPN. When client1 wishes to send a packet to client2, this packet usually gets routed by way of server. Are there products / configuration blueprints for products where it is possible to send packets directly from client1 to client2 without going though server? (if the underlying network topology permits it, e.g. no firewalls in the way) If not, is there a way by which client1 can send a packet to client2 by way of server, without the server being able to snoop on the content of the packet? (E.g. because the packet is encrypted with the public key of client2) I just asked in the OpenVPN forum, and the answer I got was "not with OpenVPN". So my question is: are there other products with which this is possible? Open-source preferred ... One use case: client1 and client2, typically in separate offices, find themselves both at headquarters. Do they still need to talk to each other via the public internet? Links appreciated. Thank you.

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• DMG mounting warning message says "it may make computer less secure or cause other problems"

  - by Cawas

  When I try to open a DMG file I get this: I'll just transcript the image: There may be a problem with this disk image. Are you sure you want to open it? Opening this disk image may make your computer less secure or cause other problems. What does that mean in fact? What's really wrong with it, and what kind of problem can it cause just by mounting? Someone said: When you download a file in Leopard (and Snow Leopard), it's marked as a quarantined file. This occurs by the OS adding an attribute to the file, tagging where it came from (such as "downloaded by Safari"). This is what causes the user to see prompts when running files that were downloaded from the Internet, you may remember being asked to confirm you'd like to launch program XXX downloaded by Safari on XXX date. As a new part of Snow Leopard, files which are tagged with the quarantine attribute also have integrity checked by fsck, and if that verify fails you will see the message you described, triggered by an unused node in the disc image. But really, I didn't get that. What's quarantine? I've just downloaded a file here on SL, tried to open, and got that warning. Apple have a say about quarantine files, and they seem to work the same on Leopards. Plus I have got that file using Google Chrome while that feature seems to work just with Safari.

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• Why can a local root turn into any LDAP user?

  - by Daniel Gollás

  I know this has been asked here before, but I am not satisfied with the answers and don't know if it's ok to revive and hijack an older question. We have workstations that authenticate users on an LDAP server. However, the local root user can su into any LDAP user without needing a password. From my perspective this sounds like a huge security problem that I would hope could be avoided at the server level. I can imagine the following scenario where a user can impersonate another and don't know how to prevent it: UserA has limited permissions, but can log into a company workstation using their LDAP password. They can cat /etc/ldap.conf and figure out the LDAP server's address and can ifconfig to check out their own IP address. (This is just an example of how to get the LDAP address, I don't think that is usually a secret and obscurity is not hard to overcome) UserA takes out their own personal laptop, configures authentication and network interfaces to match the company workstation and plugs in the network cable from the workstation to their laptop, boots and logs in as local root (it's his laptop, so he has local root) As root, they su into any other user on LDAP that may or may not have more permissions (without needing a password!), but at the very least, they can impersonate that user without any problem. The other answers on here say that this is normal UNIX behavior, but it sounds really insecure. Can the impersonated user act as that user on an NFS mount for example? (the laptop even has the same IP address). I know they won't be able to act as root on a remote machine, but they can still be any other user they want! There must be a way to prevent this on the LDAP server level right? Or maybe at the NFS server level? Is there some part of the process that I'm missing that actually prevents this? Thanks!!

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• Redundant OpenVPN connections with advanced Linux routing over an unreliable network

  - by konrad

  I am currently living in a country that blocks many websites and has unreliable network connections to the outside world. I have two OpenVPN endpoints (say: vpn1 and vpn2) on Linux servers that I use to circumvent the firewall. I have full access to these servers. This works quite well, except for the high package loss on my VPN connections. This packet loss varies between 1% and 30% depending on time and seems to have a low correlation, most of the time it seems random. I am thinking about setting up a home router (also on Linux) that maintains OpenVPN connections to both endpoints and sends all packets twice, to both endpoints. vpn2 would send all packets from home to vpn1. Return trafic would be send both directly from vpn1 to home, and also through vpn2. +------------+ | home | +------------+ | | | OpenVPN | | links | | | ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ unreliable connection | | +----------+ +----------+ | vpn1 |---| vpn2 | +----------+ +----------+ | +------------+ | HTTP proxy | +------------+ | (internet) For clarity: all packets between home and the HTTP proxy will be duplicated and sent over different paths, to increase the chances one of them will arrive. If both arrive, the first second one can be silently discarded. Bandwidth usage is not an issue, both on the home side and endpoint side. vpn1 and vpn2 are close to each other (3ms ping) and have a reliable connection. Any pointers on how this could be achieved using the advanced routing policies available in Linux?

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• Postfix Postscreen: how to use postscreen for smtp and smtps both

  - by petermolnar

  I'm trying to get postscreen work. I've followed the man page and it's already running correctly for smtp. But it I want to use it for smtps as well (adding the same line as smtp in master.cf but with smtps) i receive failure messages in syslog like: postfix/postscreen[8851]: fatal: btree:/var/lib/postfix/postscreen_cache: unable to get exclusive lock: Resource temporarily unavailable Some say that postscreen can only run once; that's ok. But can I use the same postscreen session for both smtp and smtps? If not, how to enable postscreen for smtps as well? Any help would be apprecieted! The parts of the configs: main.cf postscreen_access_list = permit_mynetworks, cidr:/etc/postfix/postscreen_access.cidr postscreen_dnsbl_threshold = 8 postscreen_dnsbl_sites = dnsbl.ahbl.org*3 dnsbl.njabl.org*3 dnsbl.sorbs.net*3 pbl.spamhaus.org*3 cbl.abuseat.org*3 bl.spamcannibal.org*3 nsbl.inps.de*3 spamrbl.imp.ch*3 postscreen_dnsbl_action = enforce postscreen_greet_action = enforce master.cf (full) smtpd pass - - n - - smtpd smtp inet n - n - 1 postscreen tlsproxy unix - - n - 0 tlsproxy dnsblog unix - - n - 0 dnsblog ### the problematic line ### smtps inet n - - - - smtpd pickup fifo n - - 60 1 pickup cleanup unix n - - - 0 cleanup qmgr fifo n - n 300 1 qmgr tlsmgr unix - - - 1000? 1 tlsmgr rewrite unix - - - - - trivial-rewrite bounce unix - - - - 0 bounce defer unix - - - - 0 bounce trace unix - - - - 0 bounce verify unix - - - - 1 verify flush unix n - - 1000? 0 flush proxymap unix - - n - - proxymap proxywrite unix - - n - 1 proxymap smtp unix - - - - - smtp relay unix - - - - - smtp showq unix n - - - - showq error unix - - - - - error retry unix - - - - - error discard unix - - - - - discard local unix - n n - - local virtual unix - n n - - virtual lmtp unix - - - - - lmtp anvil unix - - - - 1 anvil scache unix - - - - 1 scache dovecot unix - n n - - pipe flags=DRhu user=virtuser:virtuser argv=/usr/bin/spamc -e /usr/lib/dovecot/deliver -d ${recipient} -f {sender}

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