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• Error compiling GLib in Ubuntu 14.04 (trying to install GimpShop)

  - by Nicolás Salvarrey

  I'm kinda new in Linux, so please take it easy on the most complicated stuff. I'm trying to install GimpShop. Installation guide asks me to install GLib first, and when I try to compile it using the make command I get errors. When I run the ./configure --prefix=/usr command, I get this: checking for a BSD-compatible install... /usr/bin/install -c checking whether build environment is sane... yes checking for gawk... no checking for mawk... mawk checking whether make sets $(MAKE)... yes checking whether to enable maintainer-specific portions of Makefiles... no checking build system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu checking host system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu checking for the BeOS... no checking for Win32... no checking whether to enable garbage collector friendliness... no checking whether to disable memory pools... no checking for gcc... gcc checking for C compiler default output file name... a.out checking whether the C compiler works... yes checking whether we are cross compiling... no checking for suffix of executables... checking for suffix of object files... o checking whether we are using the GNU C compiler... yes checking whether gcc accepts -g... yes checking for gcc option to accept ANSI C... none needed checking for style of include used by make... GNU checking dependency style of gcc... gcc3 checking for c++... no checking for g++... no checking for gcc... gcc checking whether we are using the GNU C++ compiler... no checking whether gcc accepts -g... no checking dependency style of gcc... gcc3 checking for gcc option to accept ANSI C... none needed checking for a BSD-compatible install... /usr/bin/install -c checking for special C compiler options needed for large files... no checking for _FILE_OFFSET_BITS value needed for large files... no checking for _LARGE_FILES value needed for large files... no checking for pkg-config... /usr/bin/pkg-config checking for gawk... (cached) mawk checking for perl5... no checking for perl... perl checking for indent... no checking for perl... /usr/bin/perl checking for iconv_open... yes checking how to run the C preprocessor... gcc -E checking for egrep... grep -E checking for ANSI C header files... yes checking for sys/types.h... yes checking for sys/stat.h... yes checking for stdlib.h... yes checking for string.h... yes checking for memory.h... yes checking for strings.h... yes checking for inttypes.h... yes checking for stdint.h... yes checking for unistd.h... yes checking locale.h usability... yes checking locale.h presence... yes checking for locale.h... yes checking for LC_MESSAGES... yes checking libintl.h usability... yes checking libintl.h presence... yes checking for libintl.h... yes checking for ngettext in libc... yes checking for dgettext in libc... yes checking for bind_textdomain_codeset... yes checking for msgfmt... /usr/bin/msgfmt checking for dcgettext... yes checking for gmsgfmt... /usr/bin/msgfmt checking for xgettext... /usr/bin/xgettext checking for catalogs to be installed... am ar az be bg bn bs ca cs cy da de el en_CA en_GB eo es et eu fa fi fr ga gl gu he hi hr id is it ja ko lt lv mk mn ms nb ne nl nn no or pa pl pt pt_BR ro ru sk sl sq sr sr@ije sr@Latn sv ta tl tr uk vi wa xh yi zh_CN zh_TW checking for a sed that does not truncate output... /bin/sed checking for ld used by gcc... /usr/bin/ld checking if the linker (/usr/bin/ld) is GNU ld... yes checking for /usr/bin/ld option to reload object files... -r checking for BSD-compatible nm... /usr/bin/nm -B checking whether ln -s works... yes checking how to recognise dependent libraries... pass_all checking dlfcn.h usability... yes checking dlfcn.h presence... yes checking for dlfcn.h... yes checking for g77... no checking for f77... no checking for xlf... no checking for frt... no checking for pgf77... no checking for fort77... no checking for fl32... no checking for af77... no checking for f90... no checking for xlf90... no checking for pgf90... no checking for epcf90... no checking for f95... no checking for fort... no checking for xlf95... no checking for ifc... no checking for efc... no checking for pgf95... no checking for lf95... no checking for gfortran... no checking whether we are using the GNU Fortran 77 compiler... no checking whether accepts -g... no checking the maximum length of command line arguments... 32768 checking command to parse /usr/bin/nm -B output from gcc object... ok checking for objdir... .libs checking for ar... ar checking for ranlib... ranlib checking for strip... strip checking if gcc static flag works... yes checking if gcc supports -fno-rtti -fno-exceptions... no checking for gcc option to produce PIC... -fPIC checking if gcc PIC flag -fPIC works... yes checking if gcc supports -c -o file.o... yes checking whether the gcc linker (/usr/bin/ld -m elf_x86_64) supports shared libraries... yes checking whether -lc should be explicitly linked in... no checking dynamic linker characteristics... GNU/Linux ld.so checking how to hardcode library paths into programs... immediate checking whether stripping libraries is possible... yes checking if libtool supports shared libraries... yes checking whether to build shared libraries... yes checking whether to build static libraries... no configure: creating libtool appending configuration tag "CXX" to libtool appending configuration tag "F77" to libtool checking for extra flags to get ANSI library prototypes... none needed checking for extra flags for POSIX compliance... none needed checking for ANSI C header files... (cached) yes checking for vprintf... yes checking for _doprnt... no checking for working alloca.h... yes checking for alloca... yes checking for atexit... yes checking for on_exit... yes checking for char... yes checking size of char... 1 checking for short... yes checking size of short... 2 checking for long... yes checking size of long... 8 checking for int... yes checking size of int... 4 checking for void *... yes checking size of void *... 8 checking for long long... yes checking size of long long... 8 checking for __int64... no checking size of __int64... 0 checking for format to printf and scanf a guint64... %llu checking for an ANSI C-conforming const... yes checking if malloc() and friends prototypes are gmem.h compatible... no checking for growing stack pointer... yes checking for __inline... yes checking for __inline__... yes checking for inline... yes checking if inline functions in headers work... yes checking for ISO C99 varargs macros in C... yes checking for ISO C99 varargs macros in C++... no checking for GNUC varargs macros... yes checking for GNUC visibility attribute... yes checking whether byte ordering is bigendian... no checking dirent.h usability... yes checking dirent.h presence... yes checking for dirent.h... yes checking float.h usability... yes checking float.h presence... yes checking for float.h... yes checking limits.h usability... yes checking limits.h presence... yes checking for limits.h... yes checking pwd.h usability... yes checking pwd.h presence... yes checking for pwd.h... yes checking sys/param.h usability... yes checking sys/param.h presence... yes checking for sys/param.h... yes checking sys/poll.h usability... yes checking sys/poll.h presence... yes checking for sys/poll.h... yes checking sys/select.h usability... yes checking sys/select.h presence... yes checking for sys/select.h... yes checking for sys/types.h... (cached) yes checking sys/time.h usability... yes checking sys/time.h presence... yes checking for sys/time.h... yes checking sys/times.h usability... yes checking sys/times.h presence... yes checking for sys/times.h... yes checking for unistd.h... (cached) yes checking values.h usability... yes checking values.h presence... yes checking for values.h... yes checking for stdint.h... (cached) yes checking sched.h usability... yes checking sched.h presence... yes checking for sched.h... yes checking langinfo.h usability... yes checking langinfo.h presence... yes checking for langinfo.h... yes checking for nl_langinfo... yes checking for nl_langinfo and CODESET... yes checking whether we are using the GNU C Library 2.1 or newer... yes checking stddef.h usability... yes checking stddef.h presence... yes checking for stddef.h... yes checking for stdlib.h... (cached) yes checking for string.h... (cached) yes checking for setlocale... yes checking for size_t... yes checking size of size_t... 8 checking for the appropriate definition for size_t... unsigned long checking for lstat... yes checking for strerror... yes checking for strsignal... yes checking for memmove... yes checking for mkstemp... yes checking for vsnprintf... yes checking for stpcpy... yes checking for strcasecmp... yes checking for strncasecmp... yes checking for poll... yes checking for getcwd... yes checking for nanosleep... yes checking for vasprintf... yes checking for setenv... yes checking for unsetenv... yes checking for getc_unlocked... yes checking for readlink... yes checking for symlink... yes checking for C99 vsnprintf... yes checking whether printf supports positional parameters... yes checking for signed... yes checking for long long... (cached) yes checking for long double... yes checking for wchar_t... yes checking for wint_t... yes checking for size_t... (cached) yes checking for ptrdiff_t... yes checking for inttypes.h... yes checking for stdint.h... yes checking for snprintf... yes checking for C99 snprintf... yes checking for sys_errlist... yes checking for sys_siglist... yes checking for sys_siglist declaration... yes checking for fd_set... yes, found in sys/types.h checking whether realloc (NULL,) will work... yes checking for nl_langinfo (CODESET)... yes checking for OpenBSD strlcpy/strlcat... no checking for an implementation of va_copy()... yes checking for an implementation of __va_copy()... yes checking whether va_lists can be copied by value... no checking for dlopen... no checking for NSLinkModule... no checking for dlopen in -ldl... yes checking for dlsym in -ldl... yes checking for RTLD_GLOBAL brokenness... no checking for preceeding underscore in symbols... no checking for dlerror... yes checking for the suffix of shared libraries... .so checking for gspawn implementation... gspawn.lo checking for GIOChannel implementation... giounix.lo checking for platform-dependent source... checking whether to compile timeloop... yes checking if building for some Win32 platform... no checking for thread implementation... posix checking thread related cflags... -pthread checking for sched_get_priority_min... yes checking thread related libraries... -pthread checking for localtime_r... yes checking for posix getpwuid_r... yes checking size of pthread_t... 8 checking for pthread_attr_setstacksize... yes checking for minimal/maximal thread priority... sched_get_priority_min(SCHED_OTHER)/sched_get_priority_max(SCHED_OTHER) checking for pthread_setschedparam... yes checking for posix yield function... sched_yield checking size of pthread_mutex_t... 40 checking byte contents of PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER... 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 checking whether to use assembler code for atomic operations... x86_64 checking value of POLLIN... 1 checking value of POLLOUT... 4 checking value of POLLPRI... 2 checking value of POLLERR... 8 checking value of POLLHUP... 16 checking value of POLLNVAL... 32 checking for EILSEQ... yes configure: creating ./config.status config.status: creating glib-2.0.pc config.status: creating glib-2.0-uninstalled.pc config.status: creating gmodule-2.0.pc config.status: creating gmodule-no-export-2.0.pc config.status: creating gmodule-2.0-uninstalled.pc config.status: creating gthread-2.0.pc config.status: creating gthread-2.0-uninstalled.pc config.status: creating gobject-2.0.pc config.status: creating gobject-2.0-uninstalled.pc config.status: creating glib-zip config.status: creating glib-gettextize config.status: creating Makefile config.status: creating build/Makefile config.status: creating build/win32/Makefile config.status: creating build/win32/dirent/Makefile config.status: creating glib/Makefile config.status: creating glib/libcharset/Makefile config.status: creating glib/gnulib/Makefile config.status: creating gmodule/Makefile config.status: creating gmodule/gmoduleconf.h config.status: creating gobject/Makefile config.status: creating gobject/glib-mkenums config.status: creating gthread/Makefile config.status: creating po/Makefile.in config.status: creating docs/Makefile config.status: creating docs/reference/Makefile config.status: creating docs/reference/glib/Makefile config.status: creating docs/reference/glib/version.xml config.status: creating docs/reference/gobject/Makefile config.status: creating docs/reference/gobject/version.xml config.status: creating tests/Makefile config.status: creating tests/gobject/Makefile config.status: creating m4macros/Makefile config.status: creating config.h config.status: config.h is unchanged config.status: executing depfiles commands config.status: executing default-1 commands config.status: executing glibconfig.h commands config.status: glibconfig.h is unchanged config.status: executing chmod-scripts commands nsalvarrey@Delleuze:~/glib-2.6.3$ ^C nsalvarrey@Delleuze:~/glib-2.6.3$ And then, with the make command, I get this: galias.h:83:39: error: 'g_ascii_digit_value' aliased to undefined symbol 'IA__g_ascii_digit_value' extern __typeof (g_ascii_digit_value) g_ascii_digit_value __attribute((alias("IA__g_ascii_digit_value"), visibility("default"))); ^ In file included from garray.c:35:0: galias.h:31:35: error: 'g_allocator_new' aliased to undefined symbol 'IA__g_allocator_new' extern __typeof (g_allocator_new) g_allocator_new __attribute((alias("IA__g_allocator_new"), visibility("default"))); ^ make[4]: *** [garray.lo] Error 1 make[4]: se sale del directorio «/home/nsalvarrey/glib-2.6.3/glib» make[3]: *** [all-recursive] Error 1 make[3]: se sale del directorio «/home/nsalvarrey/glib-2.6.3/glib» make[2]: *** [all] Error 2 make[2]: se sale del directorio «/home/nsalvarrey/glib-2.6.3/glib» make[1]: *** [all-recursive] Error 1 make[1]: se sale del directorio «/home/nsalvarrey/glib-2.6.3» make: *** [all] Error 2 nsalvarrey@Delleuze:~/glib-2.6.3$ (it's actually a lot longer) Can somebody help me?

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• URL slugs: ideal length, and the real SEO effects of these slugs

  - by tattvamasi

  this question is addressed widely on SO and outside it, but for some reason, instead of taking it as a good load of great advice, all this information is confusing me. ** Problem ** I already had, on one of my sites, "prettified" urls. I had taken out the query strings, rewritten the URLS, and the link was short enough for me, but had a problem: the ID of the item or post in the URL isn't good for users. One of the users asked is there's a way to get rid of numbers, and I thought it was better for users to just see a clue of the page content in the URL. ** Solution ** With this in mind, I am trying with a section of the site.Armed with 301 redirects, some parsing work, and a lot of patience, I have added the URL slugs to some blog entries, and the slug of the URL reports the title of the article (something close to http://example.com/my-news/terribly-boring-and-long-url-that-replaces-the-number-I-liked-so-much/ ** Problems after Solution ** The problem, as I see it, is that now the URL of those blog articles is very descriptive for sure, but it is also impossible to remember. So, this brings me to the same issue I had with my previous problem: if numbers say nothing and can't be remembered, what's the use of these slugs? I prefer to see http://example.com/my-news/1/ than http://example.com/my-news/terribly-boring-and-long-url-that-replaces-the-number-I-liked-so-much/ To avoid forcing my user to memorize my URLS, I have added a script that finds the closest match to the URL you type, and redirects there. This is something I like, because the page now acts as a sort of little search engine, and users can play with the URLS to find articles. ** Open questions ** I still have some open questions, and don't seem to be able to find an answer, because answers tend to contradict one another. 1) How many characters should an URL ideally be long? I've read the magic number 115 and am sticking to that, but am not sure. 2) Is this really good for SEO? One of those blog articles I have redirected, with ID number in the URL and all, ranked second on Google. I've just found this question, and the answer seems to be consistent with what I think URL slug and SEO - structure (but see this other question with the opposite opinion) 3) To make a question with a specific example, would this URL risk to be penalized? Is it acceptable? Is it too long? StackOverflow seems to have comparably long URLs, but I'm not sure it's a winning strategy in my case. I just wanted to facilitate my users without running into Google's algorithms.

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• ZPL II Extended Characters

  - by Mauro

  I'm trying to print extended code page 850 characters using ZPL II to a Zebra S4M. Whenever one of the extended characters I.E. ASCII value 127 is used I get a box of varying shades of grey instead of the actual value. I'm trying to print ± and ° (ALT+0177 and ALT+0176). I suspect its the RawPrinterHelper I am trying to use (as downloaded from MS, and another from CodeProject) however I cant see where the character codes are going wrong. Weirdly, printing direct from Notepad renders the correct characters, which leads me to believe it is a problem with the raw printer helper class. I am not tied to using the Raw Printer Helper class so if there is a better way of doing it, I am more than happy to see them. SAMPLE ZPLII Without escaped chars ^XA ^FO30,200^AD^FH,18,10^FD35 ± 2 ° ^FS ^FS ^XZ With escaped chars (tried both upper and lower case) ^XA ^FO30,200^AD^FH,18,10^FD35 _b0 2 _b1 ^FS ^FS ^XZ Raw Printer Helper [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)] public struct DOCINFO { [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] public string printerDocumentName; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] public string pOutputFile; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] public string printerDocumentDataType; } public class RawPrinter { [ DllImport("winspool.drv", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, ExactSpelling = false, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)] public static extern long OpenPrinter(string pPrinterName, ref IntPtr phPrinter, int pDefault); [ DllImport("winspool.drv", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, ExactSpelling = false, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)] public static extern long StartDocPrinter(IntPtr hPrinter, int Level, ref DOCINFO pDocInfo); [ DllImport("winspool.drv", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, ExactSpelling = true, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)] public static extern long StartPagePrinter(IntPtr hPrinter); [ DllImport("winspool.drv", CharSet = CharSet.Ansi, ExactSpelling = true, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)] public static extern long WritePrinter(IntPtr hPrinter, string data, int buf, ref int pcWritten); [ DllImport("winspool.drv", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, ExactSpelling = true, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)] public static extern long EndPagePrinter(IntPtr hPrinter); [ DllImport("winspool.drv", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, ExactSpelling = true, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)] public static extern long EndDocPrinter(IntPtr hPrinter); [ DllImport("winspool.drv", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, ExactSpelling = true, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)] public static extern long ClosePrinter(IntPtr hPrinter); public static void SendToPrinter(string printerJobName, string rawStringToSendToThePrinter, string printerNameAsDescribedByPrintManager) { IntPtr handleForTheOpenPrinter = new IntPtr(); DOCINFO documentInformation = new DOCINFO(); int printerBytesWritten = 0; documentInformation.printerDocumentName = printerJobName; documentInformation.printerDocumentDataType = "RAW"; OpenPrinter(printerNameAsDescribedByPrintManager, ref handleForTheOpenPrinter, 0); StartDocPrinter(handleForTheOpenPrinter, 1, ref documentInformation); StartPagePrinter(handleForTheOpenPrinter); WritePrinter(handleForTheOpenPrinter, rawStringToSendToThePrinter, rawStringToSendToThePrinter.Length, ref printerBytesWritten); EndPagePrinter(handleForTheOpenPrinter); EndDocPrinter(handleForTheOpenPrinter); ClosePrinter(handleForTheOpenPrinter); } }

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• java concurrency: many writers, one reader

  - by Janning

  I need to gather some statistics in my software and i am trying to make it fast and correct, which is not easy (for me!) first my code so far with two classes, a StatsService and a StatsHarvester public class StatsService { private Map<String, Long> stats = new HashMap<String, Long>(1000); public void notify ( String key ) { Long value = 1l; synchronized (stats) { if (stats.containsKey(key)) { value = stats.get(key) + 1; } stats.put(key, value); } } public Map<String, Long> getStats ( ) { Map<String, Long> copy; synchronized (stats) { copy = new HashMap<String, Long>(stats); stats.clear(); } return copy; } } this is my second class, a harvester which collects the stats from time to time and writes them to a database. public class StatsHarvester implements Runnable { private StatsService statsService; private Thread t; public void init ( ) { t = new Thread(this); t.start(); } public synchronized void run ( ) { while (true) { try { wait(5 * 60 * 1000); // 5 minutes collectAndSave(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } private void collectAndSave ( ) { Map<String, Long> stats = statsService.getStats(); // do something like: // saveRecords(stats); } } At runtime it will have about 30 concurrent running threads each calling notify(key) about 100 times. Only one StatsHarvester is calling statsService.getStats() So i have many writers and only one reader. it would be nice to have accurate stats but i don't care if some records are lost on high concurrency. The reader should run every 5 Minutes or whatever is reasonable. Writing should be as fast as possible. Reading should be fast but if it locks for about 300ms every 5 minutes, its fine. I've read many docs (Java concurrency in practice, effective java and so on), but i have the strong feeling that i need your advice to get it right. I hope i stated my problem clear and short enough to get valuable help.

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• Using Oracle Proxy Authentication with JPA (eclipselink-Style)

  - by olaf.heimburger

  Security is a very intriguing topic. You will find it everywhere and you need to implement it everywhere. Yes, you need. Unfortunately, one can easily forget it while implementing the last mile. The Last Mile In a multi-tier application it is a common practice to use connection pools between the business layer and the database layer. Connection pools are quite useful to speed database connection creation and to split the load. Another very common practice is to use a specific, often called technical, user to connect to the database. This user has authentication and authorization rules that apply to all application users. Imagine you've put every effort to define roles for different types of users that use your application. These roles are necessary to differentiate between normal users, premium users, and administrators (I bet you will find or already have more roles in your application). While these user roles are pretty well used within your application, once the flow of execution enters the database everything is gone. Each and every user just has one role and is the same database user. Issues? What Issues? As long as things go well, this is not a real issue. However, things do not go well all the time. Once your application becomes famous performance decreases in certain situations or, more importantly, current and upcoming regulations and laws require that your application must be able to apply different security measures on a per user role basis at every stage of your application. If you only have a bunch of users with the same name and role you are not able to find the application usage profile that causes the performance issue, or which user has accessed data that he/she is not allowed to. Another thread to your role concept is that databases tend to be used by different applications and tools. These tools can be developer tools like SQL*Plus, SQL Developer, etc. or end user applications like BI Publisher, Oracle Forms and so on. These tools have no idea of your applications role concept and access the database the way they think is appropriate. A big oversight for your perfect role model and a big nightmare for your Chief Security Officer. Speaking of the CSO, brings up another issue: Password management. Once your technical user account is compromised, every user is able to do things that he/she is not expected to do from the design of your application. Counter Measures In the Oracle world a common counter measure is to use Virtual Private Database (VPD). This restricts the values a database user can see to the allowed minimum. However, it doesn't help in regard of a connection pool user, because this one is still not the real user. Oracle Proxy Authentication Another feature of the Oracle database is Proxy Authentication. First introduced with version 9i it is a quite useful feature for nearly every situation. The main idea behind Proxy Authentication is, to create a crippled database user who has only connect rights. Even if this user is compromised the risks are well understood and fairly limited. This user can be used in every situation in which you need to connect to the database, no matter which tool or application (see above) you use.The proxy user is perfect for multi-tier connection pools. CREATE USER app_user IDENTIFIED BY abcd1234; GRANT CREATE SESSION TO app_user; But what if you need to access real data? Well, this is the primary use case, isn't it? Now is the time to bring the application's role concept into play. You define database roles that define the grants for your identified user groups. Once you have these groups you grant access through the proxy user with the application role to the specific user. CREATE ROLE app_role_a; GRANT app_role_a TO scott; ALTER USER scott GRANT CONNECT THROUGH app_user WITH ROLE app_role_a; Now, hr has permission to connect to the database through the proxy user. Through the role you can restrict the hr's rights the are needed for the application only. If hr connects to the database directly all assigned role and permissions apply. Testing the Setup To test the setup you can use SQL*Plus and connect to your database: $ sqlplus app_user[hr]/abcd1234 Java Persistence API The Java Persistence API (JPA) is a fairly easy means to build applications that retrieve data from the database and put it into Java objects. You use plain old Java objects (POJOs) and mixin some Java annotations that define how the attributes of the object are used for storing data from the database into the Java object. Here is a sample for objects from the HR sample schema EMPLOYEES table. When using Java annotations you only specify what can not be deduced from the code. If your Java class name is Employee but the table name is EMPLOYEES, you need to specify the table name, otherwise it will fail. package demo.proxy.ejb; import java.io.Serializable; import java.sql.Timestamp; import java.util.List; import javax.persistence.Column; import javax.persistence.Entity; import javax.persistence.Id; import javax.persistence.JoinColumn; import javax.persistence.ManyToOne; import javax.persistence.NamedQueries; import javax.persistence.NamedQuery; import javax.persistence.OneToMany; import javax.persistence.Table; @Entity @NamedQueries({ @NamedQuery(name = "Employee.findAll", query = "select o from Employee o") }) @Table(name = "EMPLOYEES") public class Employee implements Serializable { @Column(name="COMMISSION_PCT") private Double commissionPct; @Column(name="DEPARTMENT_ID") private Long departmentId; @Column(nullable = false, unique = true, length = 25) private String email; @Id @Column(name="EMPLOYEE_ID", nullable = false) private Long employeeId; @Column(name="FIRST_NAME", length = 20) private String firstName; @Column(name="HIRE_DATE", nullable = false) private Timestamp hireDate; @Column(name="JOB_ID", nullable = false, length = 10) private String jobId; @Column(name="LAST_NAME", nullable = false, length = 25) private String lastName; @Column(name="PHONE_NUMBER", length = 20) private String phoneNumber; private Double salary; @ManyToOne @JoinColumn(name = "MANAGER_ID") private Employee employee; @OneToMany(mappedBy = "employee") private List employeeList; public Employee() { } public Employee(Double commissionPct, Long departmentId, String email, Long employeeId, String firstName, Timestamp hireDate, String jobId, String lastName, Employee employee, String phoneNumber, Double salary) { this.commissionPct = commissionPct; this.departmentId = departmentId; this.email = email; this.employeeId = employeeId; this.firstName = firstName; this.hireDate = hireDate; this.jobId = jobId; this.lastName = lastName; this.employee = employee; this.phoneNumber = phoneNumber; this.salary = salary; } public Double getCommissionPct() { return commissionPct; } public void setCommissionPct(Double commissionPct) { this.commissionPct = commissionPct; } public Long getDepartmentId() { return departmentId; } public void setDepartmentId(Long departmentId) { this.departmentId = departmentId; } public String getEmail() { return email; } public void setEmail(String email) { this.email = email; } public Long getEmployeeId() { return employeeId; } public void setEmployeeId(Long employeeId) { this.employeeId = employeeId; } public String getFirstName() { return firstName; } public void setFirstName(String firstName) { this.firstName = firstName; } public Timestamp getHireDate() { return hireDate; } public void setHireDate(Timestamp hireDate) { this.hireDate = hireDate; } public String getJobId() { return jobId; } public void setJobId(String jobId) { this.jobId = jobId; } public String getLastName() { return lastName; } public void setLastName(String lastName) { this.lastName = lastName; } public String getPhoneNumber() { return phoneNumber; } public void setPhoneNumber(String phoneNumber) { this.phoneNumber = phoneNumber; } public Double getSalary() { return salary; } public void setSalary(Double salary) { this.salary = salary; } public Employee getEmployee() { return employee; } public void setEmployee(Employee employee) { this.employee = employee; } public List getEmployeeList() { return employeeList; } public void setEmployeeList(List employeeList) { this.employeeList = employeeList; } public Employee addEmployee(Employee employee) { getEmployeeList().add(employee); employee.setEmployee(this); return employee; } public Employee removeEmployee(Employee employee) { getEmployeeList().remove(employee); employee.setEmployee(null); return employee; } } JPA could be used in standalone applications and Java EE containers. In both worlds you normally create a Facade to retrieve or store the values of the Entities to or from the database. The Facade does this via an EntityManager which will be injected by the Java EE container. Here is sample Facade Session Bean for a Java EE container. package demo.proxy.ejb; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.List; import javax.ejb.Local; import javax.ejb.Remote; import javax.ejb.Stateless; import javax.persistence.EntityManager; import javax.persistence.PersistenceContext; import javax.persistence.Query; import javax.interceptor.AroundInvoke; import javax.interceptor.InvocationContext; import oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleConnection; import org.eclipse.persistence.config.EntityManagerProperties; import org.eclipse.persistence.internal.jpa.EntityManagerImpl; @Stateless(name = "DataFacade", mappedName = "ProxyUser-TestEJB-DataFacade") @Remote @Local public class DataFacadeBean implements DataFacade, DataFacadeLocal { @PersistenceContext(unitName = "TestEJB") private EntityManager em; private String username; public Object queryByRange(String jpqlStmt, int firstResult, int maxResults) { // setSessionUser(); Query query = em.createQuery(jpqlStmt); if (firstResult 0) { query = query.setFirstResult(firstResult); } if (maxResults 0) { query = query.setMaxResults(maxResults); } return query.getResultList(); } public Employee persistEmployee(Employee employee) { // setSessionUser(); em.persist(employee); return employee; } public Employee mergeEmployee(Employee employee) { // setSessionUser(); return em.merge(employee); } public void removeEmployee(Employee employee) { // setSessionUser(); employee = em.find(Employee.class, employee.getEmployeeId()); em.remove(employee); } /** select o from Employee o */ public List getEmployeeFindAll() { Query q = em.createNamedQuery("Employee.findAll"); return q.getResultList(); } Putting Both Together To use Proxy Authentication with JPA and within a Java EE container you have to take care of the additional requirements: Use an OCI JDBC driver Provide the user name that connects through the proxy user Use an OCI JDBC driver To use the OCI JDBC driver you need to set up your JDBC data source file to use the correct JDBC URL. hr jdbc:oracle:oci8:@(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1521))(CONNECT_DATA=(SID=XE))) oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver user app_user 62C32F70E98297522AD97E15439FAC0E SQL SELECT 1 FROM DUAL jdbc/hrDS Application Additionally you need to make sure that the version of the shared libraries of the OCI driver match the version of the JDBC driver in your Java EE container or Java application and are within your PATH (on Windows) or LD_LIBRARY_PATH (on most Unix-based systems). Installing the Oracle Database Instance Client software works perfectly. Provide the user name that connects through the proxy user This part needs some modification of your application software and session facade. Session Facade Changes In the Session Facade we must ensure that every call that goes through the EntityManager must be prepared correctly and uniquely assigned to this session. The second is really important, as the EntityManager works with a connection pool and can not guarantee that we set the proxy user on the connection that will be used for the database activities. To avoid changing every method call of the Session Facade we provide a method to set the username of the user that connects through the proxy user. This method needs to be called by the Facade client bfore doing anything else. public void setUsername(String name) { username = name; } Next we provide a means to instruct the TopLink EntityManager Delegate to use Oracle Proxy Authentication. (I love small helper methods to hide the nitty-gritty details and avoid repeating myself.) private void setSessionUser() { setSessionUser(username); } private void setSessionUser(String user) { if (user != null && !user.isEmpty()) { EntityManagerImpl emDelegate = ((EntityManagerImpl)em.getDelegate()); emDelegate.setProperty(EntityManagerProperties.ORACLE_PROXY_TYPE, OracleConnection.PROXYTYPE_USER_NAME); emDelegate.setProperty(OracleConnection.PROXY_USER_NAME, user); emDelegate.setProperty(EntityManagerProperties.EXCLUSIVE_CONNECTION_MODE, "Always"); } } The final step is use the EJB 3.0 AroundInvoke interceptor. This interceptor will be called around every method invocation. We therefore check whether the Facade methods will be called or not. If so, we set the user for proxy authentication and the normal method flow continues. @AroundInvoke public Object proxyInterceptor(InvocationContext invocationCtx) throws Exception { if (invocationCtx.getTarget() instanceof DataFacadeBean) { setSessionUser(); } return invocationCtx.proceed(); } Benefits Using Oracle Proxy Authentification has a number of additional benefits appart from implementing the role model of your application: Fine grained access control for temporary users of the account, without compromising the original password. Enabling database auditing and logging. Better identification of performance bottlenecks. References Effective Oracle Database 10g Security by Design, David Knox TopLink Developer's Guide, Chapter 98

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• Nginx rewrite rule for Zimbra

  - by Yusuf

  I'm trying to write a rewrite rule for Zimbra, which will allow me to use a hostname to access the Zimbra Desktop Web UI instead of the IP address and port. The default Zimbra URLs are like this: http://127.0.0.1:port/?at=long-encrypted-user-id http://127.0.0.1:port/zimbra/?at=long-encrypted-user-id http://127.0.0.1:port/desktop/login.jsp?at=long-encrypted-user-id Here's what I have till now: server { server_name hostname; location / { proxy_redirect off; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:port/; } } This only replaces http://hostname by http://127.0.0.1:port in the background; Where I'm stuck is adding the ?at=long-encrypted-user-id to the URLs. Can somebody help?

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• Formatting the BASH command prompt

  - by Robert S. Barnes

  I would like to change the formatting on my BASH prompt from this: [email protected]:~/some/very/annoying/long/path$ to something like this: [email protected]:~/some/very/annoying/long/path $ The idea is that I would be able to type a reasonably long command on one line without it wrapping to the next line so quickly.

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• Cancel table design change in SQL Server 2000

  - by Bryce Wagner

  In SQL Server Enterprise Manager and change one of the columns and save it, it will create a table with the new definition, and copy all the data to that new table, and then delete the old table when it's done. But if your table is large (let's say on the order of 100GB), it can take a long time to do this. Even worse, if you don't have sufficient disk space, it doesn't notice ahead of time, and it will spend a long time trying to copy the table, run out of space, and then decide to abort the process. We have other ways to copy the data in smaller chunks, but those require significantly more manual intervention, so it's usually easier to just let Enterprise Manager figure it out, as long as there's enough disk space. So for a long running "Design Table" save like this, is there any way to cancel once it's started? Or do you just have to wait for it to fail?

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• Alternatives for heapdumps creation with higher performance than jmap?

  - by Christian

  Hi, I have to create heapdumps, which works nice with jmap. My problem is, that jmap takes very long to create the heapdump file. Especially when the heap is getting bigger ( 1GB) it is taking too long. One situation as example: When the server gets into trouble with the heapspace, I want to restart it automatically and create a heapdump before the restart. This works, but takes too long to write the heapdump. This way the server is down for too long. The heapdump creation takes longer than one hour. I know about -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError, but most of the time I can find the memory problem before the exception is thrown by the jvm. Is there an alternative to jmap which writes the heapdumps faster? A special solution for the example above would also be appreciated. This question is a mix between programming and system-administration, but I think I'm at the right place here.

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• Transfer .com domain to GoDaddy - websites running on same domain - 3 weeks left until expiration, 2 days left web hosting

  - by Eric Nguyen

  Our company purchased this abc.com domain from a local registrar. The domain will expire in about 3 weeks. We have our main websites running on this abc.com domain and they cannot be down for too long. The web hosting service will end in 2 days. Our websites are already hosted and they are up and running on Amazon EC2. We would like to transfer the domain to GoDaddy now or as soon as possible. (since we have many other domains there and we belive GoDaddy will be better in long-term considering the prices and the features it offers) There are many questions on the decision to transfer the domain to GoDaddy: 1) Cost and time required to move out of our local registrar? This is currently unknown as I'm still trying to retrieve the agreement we have with them 2) How does the 3 week time left until expiration of the domain matters here? Should we wait until the domain expires and then purchase in through GoDaddy? How long would such process take as I suppose our websites will be down during that time? Any other drawbacks? 3) What can I do to ensure our websites will continue functioning regardless of the domain transfer process? It seems the actual registrar here is enom.com and the local registrar here just partners with it I suppose I should then park the abc.com domain with enom.com and make changes to DNS settings so that our websites can continue to be hosted on EC2 as normal. How long does it normally take the domain to be transferred to GoDaddy completely? Is it even possible at all to keep our websites are up and running during the whole domain transfer process? Apologies that I'm throwing many questions at the same time here. It's rather last minutes and I suddenly realised there are too many unknown risks.

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• Understanding branching strategy/workflow correctly

  - by burnersk

  I'm using svn without branches (trunk-only) for a very long time at my workplace. I had discovered most or all of the issues related to projects which do not have any branching strategy. Unlikely this is not going to change at my workplace but for my private projects. For my private projects which most includes coworkers and working together at the same time on different features I like to have an robust branching strategy with supports long-term releases powered by git. I find out that the Atlassian Toolchain (JIRA, Stash and Bamboo) helped me most and it also recommending me an branching strategy which I like to verify for the team needs. The branching strategy was taken directly from Atlassian Stash recommendation with a small modification to the hotfix branch tree. All hotfixes should also merged into mainline. The branching strategy in words mainline (also known as master with git or trunk with svn) contains the "state of the art" developing release. Everything here was successfully checked with various automated tests (through Bamboo) and looks like everything is working. It is not proven as working because of possible missing tests. It is ready to use but not recommended for production. feature covers all new features which are not completely finished. Once a feature is finished it will be merged into mainline. Sample branch: feature/ISSUE-2-A-nice-Feature bugfix fixes non-critical bugs which can wait for the next normal release. Sample branch: bugfix/ISSUE-1-Some-typos production owns the latest release. hotfix fixes critical bugs which have to be release urgent to mainline, production and all affected long-term *release*es. Sample branch: hotfix/ISSUE-3-Check-your-math release is for long-term maintenance. Sample branches: release/1.0, release/1.1 release/1.0-rc1 I am not an expert so please provide me feedback. Which problems might appear? Which parts are missing or slowing down the productivity?

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• Debugging a Drobo that chokes Windows 7x64 When Plugged In

  - by Pridkett

  I've had a love hate relationship with my Drobo for a long time. After two years of using it on a Linux box, I moved it over to a Windows 7 machine where it seemed to work just fine for a long time, but it was under very light usage. Mainly backups that never actually happened. Recently I began using it for additional backup services (through CrashPlan, which is great). This means the Drobo gets a lot more usage. Also it means that something interesting happens, the Drobo can choke my system on startup. Here's what I mean: Start computer without Drobo plugged in, CrashPlan and Drobo Dashboard services disabled: 105s Start computer with Drobo plugged in Crashplan disabled, Drobo Dashboard enabled: 250s (and 1 cpu at 100% for a very long time, drobo churning) Start computer with Drobo plugged in, CrashPlan and Drobo Dashboard disabled: 250s (1 cpu at 100% for a very long time, drobo churning) Start computer with Drobo plugged in, Crashplan and Drobo Dashboard enabled: 300s (1 cpu at 100% for a very long time, drobo churning) If I yank the USB plug on the Drobo the CPU usage goes down to nothing very quickly. The slow startup in the fourth scenario is because CrashPlan is trying desperately to load stuff up on the H: drive before it gives up, so I've disabled it for the time being. So here's my question: What the heck is going on when I plug the drobo in? I've fired up Process Explorer and see that the System process is hogging the CPU, specifically it's an ntoskrnl.exe/KdPollBreakIn thread that's going ape. Is this something that's wrong with Drobo? Windows? Any idea on how to find out? If it matters, here's tech info: Athlon 64x2 4400, 2GB RAM, Win7 Ultimate, Drobo USB (2x1TB, 2x320GB)

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• Multiline code in Word 2007

  - by WaelJ

  I am using word 2007 and am inserting code into the document. I have a style with a fixed-width font and light grey background and all, and I use Notepad++ for syntax highlighting. My problem is with a "line" of code that is too long to display, so is there a way to auto-insert an arrow symbol at the beginning of a such lines to indicate that it is the same line (kind of like hyphenating, except on long lines instead of long words) So for e.g. something like this: public static void foo(String abcdefg, Boolean 123, ?String xyz)

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• exporting clip in Final Cut Pro X or related video editing software on Mac

  - by user46976

  I'm using Final Cut Pro X to edit a 1 hour long video. I made individual clips from it in Final Cut Pro X and I want to save just these clips, some of which are only 5 mins long. How can I do this? I tried using the app ClipExporter, but it won't even read my .fcpxml file, it just says that it's not a valid file and gives no helpful information at all. Another method I tried was to assign roles to each clip. I made one clip, 5 mins long, and then used Share - Export in Final Cut Pro X and chose the option to export roles as separate files. However, the export still estimates that it will take over an hour to export and so it looks like it's trying to export the whole movie, rather than the simple 5 min clip which should be exportable as a .MOV or related formats in a few minutes. How can I do this in final cut pro x? I'm also happy to switch to related video editing software as long as they are not extremely expensive. This seems like a very trivial and obvious feature: take a segment from a long movie and export just the selected region of it... I don't understand why it's so complicated to do in Final Cut Pro X. Thanks.

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• How to subtract 1 from a orginal count in an ASP.NET gridview

  - by SAMIR BHOGAYTA

  I have a gridview that contains a count (whic is Quantity) were i have a button that adds a row under the orginal row and i need the sub row's count (Quantity) to subtract one from the orgianl row Quantity. EX: Before button click Orgianl row = 3 After click Orginal row = 2 Subrow = 1 Code: ASP.NET // FUNCTION : Adds a new subrow protected void gvParent_RowCommand(object sender, GridViewCommandEventArgs e) { if (e.CommandName.Equals("btn_AddRow", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)) { // Get the row that was clicked (index 0. Meaning that 0 is 1, 1 is 2 and so on) // Objects can be null, Int32s cannot not. // Int16 = 2 bytes long (short) // Int32 = 4 bytes long (int) // Int64 = 8 bytes long (long) int i = Convert.ToInt32(e.CommandArgument); // create a DataTable based off the view state DataTable dataTable = (DataTable)ViewState["gvParent"]; for (int part = 0; part 1) { dataTable.Rows[part]["Quantity"] = oldQuantitySubtract - 1; // Instert a new row at a specific index DataRow dtAdd = dataTable.NewRow(); for (int k = 0; k dtAdd[k] = dataTable.Rows[part][k]; dataTable.Rows.InsertAt(dtAdd, i + 1); break; //dataTable.Rows.Add(dtAdd); } } // Rebind the data gvParent.DataSource = dataTable; gvParent.DataBind(); } }

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• What is the ideal length of a method?

  - by iPhoneDeveloper

  In object-oriented programming, there is no exact rule on the maximum length of a method , but I still found these two qutes somewhat contradicting each other, so I would like to hear what you think. In Clean Code: A Handbook of Agile Software Craftsmanship, Robert Martin says: The first rule of functions is that they should be small. The second rule of functions is that they should be smaller than that. Functions should not be 100 lines long. Functions should hardly ever be 20 lines long. and he gives an example from Java code he sees from Kent Beck: Every function in his program was just two, or three, or four lines long. Each was transparently obvious. Each told a story. And each led you to the next in a compelling order. That’s how short your functions should be! This sounds great, but on the other hand, in Code Complete, Steve McConnell says something very different: The routine should be allowed to grow organically up to 100-200 lines, decades of evidence say that routines of such length no more error prone then shorter routines. And he gives a reference to a study that says routines 65 lines or long are cheaper to develop. So while there are diverging opinions about the matter, is there a functional best-practice towards determining the ideal length of a method for you?

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• Why would accessing photos over a network be a problem for Digikam?

  - by Shedeki

  Digikam has always worked nicely for me. I recently setup a Synology DiskStation (DS212+) and moved all my pictures to it, keeping them in an encrypted folder. I mount that folder using cifs, as some bug prevents eCryptfs and NFS from working together. This has led Digikam to being incredibly slow. Startup takes a very long time (several minutes for 41779 items, 123.8GB) but worse is how long it takes Digikam to write files. I like using Digikams import feature to copy new images from my camera to the hard drive because it checks for duplicates as well as creating a clear folder structure according to the dates the images were taken. Since I moved to using the network drive Digikam takes about 5 to 10 times as long to import photos than it did before. Saving modified or converted images takes equally long. What I am looking for is a way to help Digikam speed things up or an alternative piece of software (I have never liked Digikam being so very much KDEish…). There are just so many features that only Digikam seems to combine, e.g.: Batch processing. Respects existing folder structure. Does not mess up files for other applications. *.NEF support. Caches thumbnails in a clean way.

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• Pause and Resume and get the value of a countdown timer by savedInstanceState [closed]

  - by Catherine grace Balauro

  I have developed a countdown timer and I am not sure how to pause and resume the timer as the TextView for the timer is being clicked. Click to start then click again to pause and to resume, click again the timer's text view. This is my code: Timer = (TextView)this.findViewById(R.id.time); //TIMER Timer.setOnClickListener(TimerClickListener); counter = new MyCount(600000, 1000); }//end of create private OnClickListener TimerClickListener = new OnClickListener() { public void onClick(View v) { updateTimeTask(); } private void updateTimeTask() { if (decision==0){ counter.start(); decision=1;} else if(decision==2){ counter.onResume1(); decision=1; } else{ counter.onPause1(); decision=2; }//end if }; }; class MyCount extends CountDownTimer { public MyCount(long millisInFuture, long countDownInterval) { super(millisInFuture, countDownInterval); }//MyCount public void onResume1(){ onResume(); } public void onPause1() { onPause();} public void onFinish() { Timer.setText("00:00"); p1++; if (p1<=4){ TextView PScore = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.pscore); PScore.setText(p1 + ""); }//end if }//finish public void onTick(long millisUntilFinished) { Integer milisec = new Integer(new Double(millisUntilFinished).intValue()); Integer cd_secs = milisec / 1000; Integer minutes = (cd_secs % 3600) / 60; Integer seconds = (cd_secs % 3600) % 60; Timer.setText(String.format("%02d", minutes) + ":" + String.format("%02d", seconds)); //long timeLeft = millisUntilFinished / 1000; }//on tick }//class MyCount protected void onResume() { super.onResume(); //handler.removeCallbacks(updateTimeTask); //handler.postDelayed(updateTimeTask, 1000); }//onResume @Override protected void onPause() { super.onPause(); //do stuff }//onPause I am only beginner in android programming and I don't know how to get the value of the countdown timer using savedInstanceState. How do I do this?

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• Java enum pairs / "subenum" or what exactly?

  - by vemalsar

  I have an RPG-style Item class and I stored the type of the item in enum (itemType.sword). I want to store subtype too (itemSubtype.long), but I want to express the relation between two data type (sword can be long, short etc. but shield can't be long or short, only round, tower etc). I know this is wrong source code but similar what I want: enum type { sword; } //not valid code! enum swordSubtype extends type.sword { short, long } Question: How can I define this connection between two data type (or more exactly: two value of the data types), what is the most simple and standard way? Array-like data with all valid (itemType,itemSubtype) enum pairs or (itemType,itemSubtype[]) so more subtype for one type, it would be the best. OK but how can I construct this simplest way? Special enum with "subenum" set or second level enum or anything else if it does exists 2 dimensional "canBePairs" array, itemType and itemSubtype dimensions with all type and subtype and boolean elements, "true" means itemType (first dimension) and itemSubtype (second dimension) are okay, "false" means not okay Other better idea Thank you very much!

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• Need to pull data from website after every 5 seconds using Vba

  - by Milton

  I need to pull data from www.dsebd.org after ever 5 seconds. this Vba code pull data but does not run automatically. Please help me. Sub ButtonCode() ' execute macros Call GetCotton ' submit macro to run again in 5 sec Application.OnTime Now + TimeValue("00:00:05"), "ButtonCode" End Sub Sub GetCotton() Dim xml As Object Dim html As Object Dim elemcollection As Object Dim result As String Dim t As Long, r As Long, c As Long, ActRw As Long Set xml = CreateObject("MSXML2.XMLHTTP.6.0") With xml .Open "GET", "http://www.dsebd.org/dseX_share.php", False .send End With result = xml.responseText Set html = CreateObject("htmlfile") html.body.innerHTML = result Set elemcollection = html.getElementsByTagName("table") For t = 0 To elemcollection.Length - 1 For r = 0 To elemcollection(t).Rows.Length - 1 For c = 0 To elemcollection(t).Rows(r).Cells.Length - 1 ThisWorkbook.Sheets("Sheet1").Cells(ActRw + r + 1, c + 1) = elemcollection(t).Rows(r).Cells(c).innerText Next c Next r ActRw = ActRw + elemcollection(t).Rows.Length + 1 Next t End Sub

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• Google maps later traffic

  - by bobobobo

  Google maps has this feature of showing you how long it will take to get somewhere based on current traffic. But what about history, or asking for a prediction of how long it will take to get somewhere, during rush hour, for example? So, how long will it take to get there on this route if I leave at 5, vs how long it will take if I leave at 3. (A difference of 30 minutes on the road sometimes!) If google maps doesn't provide this service, iis there anywhere that does?

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• How to convert M4B files to MP3?

  - by Click Upvote

  I have downloaded some .m4b files, but my mp3 player cannot play them. I have tried several converters i found through google, but they can't seem to be able to convert the whole files. (Its an 8 hour long file, first program only converted it to a 1 hour long mp3, and the 2nd converted it to 5 hrs long, but with 3 hrs still missing). Is there a reliable program for converting them that i can use?

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• How to jump back to the first character in *nix command line?

  - by clami219

  When writing a long command in the *nix command line and having to go back to the first character, in order to add something at the beginning (for instance a nohup, when you realize the process will be a long one, or a sudo, when you realize you need root permissions) it can take a long time for the cursor to make its way back to the first character... Is there a short cut that allows you to jump straight there? I'm using a mac, so Home is not an option

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• The best cross platform (portable) arbitrary precision math library

  - by Siu Ching Pong - Asuka Kenji

  Dear ninjas / hackers / wizards, I'm looking for a good arbitrary precision math library in C or C++. Could you please give me some advices / suggestions? The primary requirements: It MUST handle arbitrarily big integers (my primary interest is on integers). In case that you don't know what the word arbitrarily big means, imagine something like 100000! (the factorial of 100000). The precision MUST NOT NEED to be specified during library initialization / object creation. The precision should ONLY be constrained by the available resources of the system. It SHOULD utilize the full power of the platform, and should handle "small" numbers natively. That means on a 64-bit platform, calculating 2^33 + 2^32 should use the available 64-bit CPU instructions. The library SHOULD NOT calculate this in the same way as it does with 2^66 + 2^65 on the same platform. It MUST handle addition (+), subtraction (-), multiplication (*), integer division (/), remainder (%), power (**), increment (++), decrement (--), gcd(), factorial(), and other common integer arithmetic calculations efficiently. Ability to handle functions like sqrt() (square root), log() (logarithm) that do not produce integer results is a plus. Ability to handle symbolic computations is even better. Here are what I found so far: Java's BigInteger and BigDecimal class: I have been using these so far. I have read the source code, but I don't understand the math underneath. It may be based on theories / algorithms that I have never learnt. The built-in integer type or in core libraries of bc / Python / Ruby / Haskell / Lisp / Erlang / OCaml / PHP / some other languages: I have ever used some of these, but I have no idea on which library they are using, or which kind of implementation they are using. What I have already known: Using a char as a decimal digit, and a char* as a decimal string and do calculations on the digits using a for-loop. Using an int (or a long int, or a long long) as a basic "unit" and an array of it as an arbitrary long integer, and do calculations on the elements using a for-loop. Booth's multiplication algorithm What I don't know: Printing the binary array mentioned above in decimal without using naive methods. Example of a naive method: (1) add the bits from the lowest to the highest: 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, ... (2) use a char* string mentioned above to store the intermediate decimal results). What I appreciate: Good comparisons on GMP, MPFR, decNumber (or other libraries that are good in your opinion). Good suggestions on books / articles that I should read. For example, an illustration with figures on how a un-naive arbitrarily long binary to decimal conversion algorithm works is good. Any help. Please DO NOT answer this question if: you think using a double (or a long double, or a long long double) can solve this problem easily. If you do think so, it means that you don't understand the issue under discussion. you have no experience on arbitrary precision mathematics. Thank you in advance! Asuka Kenji

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• Picking good first estimates for Goldschmidt division

  - by Mads Elvheim

  I'm calculating fixedpoint reciprocals in Q22.10 with Goldschmidt division for use in my software rasterizer on ARM. This is done by just setting the nominator to 1, i.e the nominator becomes the scalar on the first iteration. To be honest, I'm kind of following the wikipedia algorithm blindly here. The article says that if the denominator is scaled in the half-open range (0.5, 1.0], a good first estimate can be based on the denominator alone: Let F be the estimated scalar and D be the denominator, then F = 2 - D. But when doing this, I lose a lot of precision. Say if I want to find the reciprocal of 512.00002f. In order to scale the number down, I lose 10 bits of precision in the fraction part, which is shifted out. So, my questions are: Is there a way to pick a better estimate which does not require normalization? Also, is it possible to pre-calculate the first estimates so the series converges faster? Right now, it converges after the 4th iteration on average. On ARM this is about ~50 cycles worst case, and that's not taking emulation of clz/bsr into account, nor memory lookups. Here is my testcase. Note: The software implementation of clz on line 13 is from my post here. You can replace it with an intrinsic if you want. #include <stdio.h> #include <stdint.h> const unsigned int BASE = 22ULL; static unsigned int divfp(unsigned int val, int* iter) { /* Nominator, denominator, estimate scalar and previous denominator */ unsigned long long N,D,F, DPREV; int bitpos; *iter = 1; D = val; /* Get the shift amount + is right-shift, - is left-shift. */ bitpos = 31 - clz(val) - BASE; /* Normalize into the half-range (0.5, 1.0] */ if(0 < bitpos) D >>= bitpos; else D <<= (-bitpos); /* (FNi / FDi) == (FN(i+1) / FD(i+1)) */ /* F = 2 - D */ F = (2ULL<<BASE) - D; /* N = F for the first iteration, because the nominator is simply 1. So don't waste a 64-bit UMULL on a multiply with 1 */ N = F; D = ((unsigned long long)D*F)>>BASE; while(1){ DPREV = D; F = (2<<(BASE)) - D; D = ((unsigned long long)D*F)>>BASE; /* Bail when we get the same value for two denominators in a row. This means that the error is too small to make any further progress. */ if(D == DPREV) break; N = ((unsigned long long)N*F)>>BASE; *iter = *iter + 1; } if(0 < bitpos) N >>= bitpos; else N <<= (-bitpos); return N; } int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { double fv, fa; int iter; unsigned int D, result; sscanf(argv[1], "%lf", &fv); D = fv*(double)(1<<BASE); result = divfp(D, &iter); fa = (double)result / (double)(1UL << BASE); printf("Value: %8.8lf 1/value: %8.8lf FP value: 0x%.8X\n", fv, fa, result); printf("iteration: %d\n",iter); return 0; }

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