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• Print a file skipping X lines in Bash

  - by Eduardo

  Hi I have a very long file which I want to print but skipping the first 1e6 lines for example. I look into the cat man page but I did not see nay option to do this. I am looking for a command to do this or a simple bash program. I know how to do it using a program in C but I want to do it using the common commands. Any way to do it? Thanks a lot in advance..

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• read in bash on tab-delimited file without empty fields collapsing

  - by Charles Duffy

  I'm trying to read a multi-line tab-separated file in bash. The format is such that empty fields are expected. Unfortunately, the shell is collapsing together field separators which are next to each other, as so: # IFS=$'\t' # read one two three <<<$'one\t\tthree' # printf '<%s> ' "$one" "$two" "$three"; printf '\n' <one> <three> <> ...as opposed to the desired output of <one> <> <three>. Can this be resolved without resorting to a separate language (such as awk)?

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• bash script to find/grep particular string in xml files in particular folders

  - by user3702188

  i have a problem at work, where i need to simplify the process how i searrh for logs. I would like to ask for help from experts here. We have different services for every channel. The structure is following: - root/channel_1/service_1/2014-05-21/file_54544654541.xml - root/channel_1/server2_2/2014-05-20/file_74272172.xml - root/channel_1/service_3/2014-05-22/file_45456546.xml - root/channel_2/service_4/2014-05-23/file_78754456.xml - root/channel_2/service_5/2014-05-24/file_546546546.xml my main problem is to find particular string in these xml files. Lets say, i know the channel name but i dont know the service name under which my particular string should be present. Also i know the date. So in search i want to enter the channel name the date and string. The search would be going via all service folders and looking for string only in all xml files under particular date folder and particular channel. any ideas for quickest and easiest solution to achieve this? Either by bash or perl? Any help would be appreciated thanks

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• generate php classes in bash

  - by Derek

  i have this script: #!/bin/bash if [[ -z "$1" ]] ; then echo "Class is required" exit 1; fi if [[ -z "$2" ]] ; then package="Default" else package=$2; fi echo "<?php /** * $1.class.php * * Vcard class file. * @name Project * @author Author * @link http://www.domain.com * @copyright Copyright © 2011 * @package $package * @version 1.0 */ /** * The main $1 class * @package $package */ class $1 { /** * Constructor setup. */ public function __construct() { } /** * Destructor setup. */ public function __destruct() { } } " > $1.class.php php -l $1.class.php echo "Done"; if i do: ./generate.sh my_class it creates everything with my_class. how can i modify this to: MyClass? i need to use MyClass for the filename, and the class name etc... later in the code i use the argument (in this case my_class) for some other purposes. thanks

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• Using read in bash without empty fields collapsing

  - by Charles Duffy

  I'm trying to read a multi-line tab-separated file in bash. The format is such that empty fields are expected. Unfortunately, the shell is collapsing together field separators which are next to each other, as so: # IFS=$'\t' # read one two three <<<$'one\t\tthree' # printf '<%s> ' "$one" "$two" "$three"; printf '\n' <one> <three> <> ...as opposed to the desired output of <one> <> <three>. Can this be resolved without resorting to a separate language (such as awk)?

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• bash check if value in list

  - by tkoomzaaskz

  I've got a script with a variable taken from command line parameters. I want to check if it's value is one of dev, beta or prod. I've got following code snippet: #!/usr/bin/env bash ENV_NAME=$1 echo "env name = $ENV_NAME" ENVIRONMENTS=('dev','beta','prod') if [[ $ENVIRONMENTS =~ $ENV_NAME ]]; then echo 'correct' exit else echo 'incorrect' exit fi When I run my script, it doesn't matter which parameters I pass: ./script.sh beta or ./script.sh or ./script.sh whatever, I always get correct echoed. What is wrong in my script?

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• bash copy with variable

  - by zaf

  I'm trying to copy files to the current directory using a bash script. In order to handle paths that need escaping a variable is used that is escaped and then supplied to the cp command. The cp command is complaining with: usage: cp [-R [-H | -L | -P]] [-fi | -n] [-apvX] source_file target_file cp [-R [-H | -L | -P]] [-fi | -n] [-apvX] source_file ... target_directory I know what that means but I cannot understand why that happens. Here is the code: z="/a/b/c d e f.txt" y=`printf %q "$z"` cp $y x.txt # not working as expected echo cp $y x.txt # output is "cp /a/b/c\ d\ e\ f.txt x.txt"

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• bash tools for parsing arguments

  - by BCS

  I have a bash script that uses a few variables (call them $foo and $bar). Right now the script defines them at the top with hard coded values like this: foo=fooDefault bar=barDefault .... # use $foo and $bar What I want is to be able to use the script like any of these: myscript # use all defaults myscript -foo=altFoo # use default bar myscript -bar=altBar # use default foo myscript -bar=altBar -foo=altFoo An ideal solution would allow me to just list the variable that I want to check for flags for. Is there a reasonably nice way to do this? I've seen getopt and I think it might do about 70% of what I'm looking for but I'm wondering if there is a tool or indium that builds on it or the like that gets the rest.

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• Extract substructure from a text file using bash or python

  - by Werner

  Hi, I have a huge text file, which follows the structure: SET TAG1 ... ... SET ... SET TAG2 ... ... SET ... ... I would like to extract for a specific TAG, (i.e. TAG54) its individual "substructure", which would be SET TAG54 ... ... SET Each substructure, for a given TAG_i contains always: first line:SET second line:TAG_i (in this case TAG54) an arbitrary number of lines last line:SET I wonder what would be the best way to do this, whether in bash or python, so for a given TAG, one can "extract" this substructure. Thanks

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• String Manipulation in Bash

  - by user348000

  Hello- I am a newbie in Bash and I am doing some string manipulation. I have the following file among other files in my directory: jdk-6u20-solaris-i586.sh I am doing the following to get jdk-6u20 in my script: myvar=`ls -la | awk '{print $9}' | egrep "i586" | cut -c1-8` echo $myvar but now I want to convert jdk-6u20 to jdk1.6.0_20. I can't seem to figure out how to do it. It must be as generic as possible. For example if I had jdk-6u25, I should be able to convert it at the same way to jdk1.6.0_25 so on and so forth Any suggestions?

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• How to restore files that were removed by git?

  - by Ryan

  I am a git noob and git just deleted a bunch of important files. How do I get them back? I have a repo on my local machine. To get into git, I just right click my project folder and select "git bash here". This brings up the master where I do all my giting. So I had some changes to stage and I did: git add . This staged a bunch of changes. I noticed that I didn't want some of these staged so I decided that I'd try to unstage everthing. I did this: git reset --hard HEAD^ This basically deleted a bunch of files that I had made on the last commit and jumped to the commit before. How do I get those files back? If I can't do it through git is there another way?

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• Bash, Concatenating 2 strings to reference a 3rd variable

  - by Im Fine

  I have a bash script I am having some issues with concatenating 2 variables to call a 3rd. Here is a simplification of the script, but the syntax is eluding me after reading the docs. server_list_all="server1 server2 server3"; var1 = "server"; var2 = "all"; echo $(($var1_list_$var2)); This is about as close as I get to the right answer, it acknowledges the string and tosses an error on tokenization. syntax error in expression (error token is "server1 server2 server3.... Not really seeing anything in the docs for this, but it should be doable. EDIT: Cleaned up a bit

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• bash—Better way to store variable between runs?

  - by shardbearer

  I've made a bash script which I run every hour with crontab, and I need to store one variable so that I can access it the next time I run it. The script changes the variable every time it runs, so I can't hardcode it in. Right now I am writing it to a txt file and then reading it back. Is there a better way to do it than this? And the way I am reading the txt file is something I found on here, I don't understand it, and it's kinda clunky. Is there not a built in command for this? Anyway, here's the applicable code, with some of the variables changed to make it easier to read. while read x; do var=$x done < var.txt # Do some stuff, change var to a new value echo $var > var.txt The variable is only a single integer, so the text file feels overkill.

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• How to set up Git server for windows xp

  - by abovesun

  Probably this is very stupid question, but google dosen't helps. As I find out we should use gitweb and apache, but can't find any relevant tutorial about. Thanks.

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• git post-receive hook doesn't get promised arguments

  - by Zimno

  From the post-receive file: # This script is run after receive-pack has accepted a pack and the # repository has been updated. It is passed arguments in through stdin # in the form # <oldrev> <newrev> <refname> # For example: # aa453216d1b3e49e7f6f98441fa56946ddcd6a20 68f7abf4e6f922807889f52bc043ecd31b79f814 refs/heads/master # But when I test it with echo "$1 $2 $3", I get a blank line only. Does any-one know why?

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• How do I make zsh completion act more like bash completion?

  - by Tordek

  I'm a recent convert from bash to zsh (which I'm using "oh my zsh" with), but one thing annoys me: When I hit the tab key, the first autocompletion is filled out automatically, and you need to cycle through the completions by hitting tab repeatedly. This differs from bash, where you are just shown a list of the completions. If all completions have the same prefix, then this prefix is filled out. You can select the one you want by continuing to type. I find the latter preferable since it is faster to type, than to select a completion by hitting tab repeatedly. Is there any way to make zsh completion act more like bash in this regard?

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• Bash script to open, read, and write then save....

  - by Alex Vo

  I'm new on this bash script thing. Can you show me some example on writing Bash script. I want to write a script that can read from a filename and save it to a variable; increment the value of the variable and write that variable back to the file and save it. This is what I have started and stuck on it so far. #!/bin/bash # if file exist #echo "Testing \ "$1"" if [ -f "$1" ]; then echo "$1 does exist" else echo "$1 does not exist!" echo "Creating $1" touch $1 echo "This is test" > $1 exit 1 fi #echo "Testing \ "$2"" if [ "$2" == "" ]; then echo "Enter the filename" elif [ -f "$2" ]; then echo "$2 Fille does exist" else echo "$2 File doesn't exist" echo "Creating $2" touch $2 exit 1 fi counter=1 echo -n "Enter a file name : " read file if [ ! -f $file ] then echo "$file not a file!" exit 1 fi

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• How can I get bash to perform tab-completion for my aliases?

  - by dstarh

  I have a bunch of bash completion scripts set up (mostly using bash-it and some manually setup). I also have a bunch of aliases setup for common tasks like gco for git checkout. Right now I can type git checkout dTab and develop is completed for me but when I type gco dTab it does not complete. I'm assuming this is because the completion script is completing on git and it fails to see gco. Is there a way to generically/programmatically get all of my completion scripts to work with my aliases? Not being able to complete when using the alias kind of defeats the purpose of the alias.

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• git rewrite commit parent?

  - by IttayD

  I have two commits based on some parent: P - A - B I'd like for them to be based on another parent: P' - A' - B'

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• Has anyone found a (eg bash) shell terminal for Windows as good as the OS X one?

  - by Anentropic

  I am mostly using 'git-bash' which came with the Windows install of Git vcs. I think it is the same one that comes with Cygwin. It works fine technically but the UI sucks: have to right-click the title bar and go to Properties to change the window width most annoyingly... copy and paste and highlight with the mouse are equally cumbersome In contrast, the Terminal app that comes with OS X manages these with aplomb and makes it so much more comfortable to work with. You can even drag and drop a file on it and it will paste the file path in at your cursor! I have also tried: http://sourceforge.net/projects/win-bash http://www.steve.org.uk/Software/bash/ http://www.hamiltonlabs.com/cshell.htm None of these do copy and paste of text without cumbersome right-clicking. I am specifically looking for a Unix-flavoured shell in Windows so I don't have to use different shells between my home dev (Windows), the live server (Linux) or dev at the office (Mac). Yes I have Googled and haven't found one yet...

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• nvcc not found, but only when using sudo

  - by dsp_099

  I can't get ANYTHING working on linux. I'm trying to compile CudaMiner. sudo make: ypt-jane.o `test -f 'scrypt-jane.cpp' || echo './'`scrypt-jane.cpp mv -f .deps/cudaminer-scrypt-jane.Tpo .deps/cudaminer-scrypt-jane.Po nvcc -g -O2 -Xptxas "-abi=no -v" -arch=compute_10 --maxrregcount=64 --ptxas-options=-v -I./compat/jansson -o salsa_kernel.o -c salsa_kernel.cu /bin/bash: nvcc: command not found make[2]: *** [salsa_kernel.o] Error 127 make[2]: Leaving directory `/var/progs/CudaMiner' make[1]: *** [all-recursive] Error 1 make[1]: Leaving directory `/var/progs/CudaMiner' make: *** [all] Error 2 So, kind of interesting: nvcc: nvcc fatal : No input files specified; use option --help for more information Whereas sudo nvcc: sudo: nvcc: command not found Huh?? I have identical exports listed in ~/.bashrc AND /etc/bash.bashrc. (Nvcc is located in: /usr/local/cuda-5.0/bin/nvcc) I also tried changing the current path, to no avail: $ sudo bash -c 'echo $PATH' /usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin $ PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/cuda-5.0/bin/nvcc $ sudo bash -c 'echo $PATH' /usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin Thanks in advance!

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• How to get shared bashed history among different tabs

  - by Luca Cerone

  I used the answer in http://unix.stackexchange.com/a/1292/41729 to enable real-time shared history among separate bash terminals. As explained in the answer above, this is achieved by adding: # avoid duplicates.. export HISTCONTROL=ignoredups:erasedups # append history entries.. shopt -s histappend # After each command, save and reload history export PROMPT_COMMAND="history -a; history -c; history -r; $PROMPT_COMMAND" This works fine if the bash shells are separate (e.g. opening different bash terminals using CTRL+ALT+T. However it doesn't work if I use tabs (from an open terminal `CTRL+SHIFT+T) rather than new windows. Why this difference in behaviour? How can I share the bash history also among various tabs?

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• sudo: source: command not found

  - by HorusKol

  I've been updating some of the default profile for bash, and saw from the tutorials I was following that I could reload the new profile with the new environment settings by using: source /etc/bash.bashrc The only thing is - the new environment variables were only available to my current user - and were ignored when I used sudo. They only became available to sudo when I closed my terminal session and rejoined. When I try to use: sudo source /etc/bash.bashrc I get the error: sudo: source: command not found Is there a simple way to load in the new bash profile settings for sudo without having to close the terminal and restart?

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• Tab completion COMP_WORDS bad array subscript

  - by Senthil Kumaran

  I have upgraded my Ubuntu to 10.04 and I am facing this problem of COMP_WORDS bad array subscript when I press TAB for certain completion. I thought, it is a bug with bash-completion package and I purged it. But even after that, I still face this. If it is a bug with bash package, how I can resolve it? https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/bash-completion/+bug/366446 It is difficult for a developer to live with this bug in the system.

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• Library and several small programs that use it: how should I structure my git repository?

  - by Dan

  I have some code that uses a library that I and others frequently modify (usually only by adding functions and methods). We each keep a local fork of the library for our own use. I also have a lot of small "driver" programs (~100 lines) that use the library and are used exclusively by me. Currently, I have both the driver programs and the library in the same repository, because I frequently make changes to both that are logically connected (adding a function to the library and then calling it). I'd like to merge my fork of the library with my co-workers' forks, but I don't want the driver programs to be part of the merged library. What's the best way to organize the git repositories for a large, shared library that needs to be merged frequently and a number of small programs that have changes that are connected to changes in the library?

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