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  • Dynamically creating a Generic Type at Runtime

    - by Rick Strahl
    I learned something new today. Not uncommon, but it's a core .NET runtime feature I simply did not know although I know I've run into this issue a few times and worked around it in other ways. Today there was no working around it and a few folks on Twitter pointed me in the right direction. The question I ran into is: How do I create a type instance of a generic type when I have dynamically acquired the type at runtime? Yup it's not something that you do everyday, but when you're writing code that parses objects dynamically at runtime it comes up from time to time. In my case it's in the bowels of a custom JSON parser. After some thought triggered by a comment today I realized it would be fairly easy to implement two-way Dictionary parsing for most concrete dictionary types. I could use a custom Dictionary serialization format that serializes as an array of key/value objects. Basically I can use a custom type (that matches the JSON signature) to hold my parsed dictionary data and then add it to the actual dictionary when parsing is complete. Generic Types at Runtime One issue that came up in the process was how to figure out what type the Dictionary<K,V> generic parameters take. Reflection actually makes it fairly easy to figure out generic types at runtime with code like this: if (arrayType.GetInterface("IDictionary") != null) { if (arrayType.IsGenericType) { var keyType = arrayType.GetGenericArguments()[0]; var valueType = arrayType.GetGenericArguments()[1]; … } } The GetArrayType method gets passed a type instance that is the array or array-like object that is rendered in JSON as an array (which includes IList, IDictionary, IDataReader and a few others). In my case the type passed would be something like Dictionary<string, CustomerEntity>. So I know what the parent container class type is. Based on the the container type using it's then possible to use GetGenericTypeArguments() to retrieve all the generic types in sequential order of definition (ie. string, CustomerEntity). That's the easy part. Creating a Generic Type and Providing Generic Parameters at RunTime The next problem is how do I get a concrete type instance for the generic type? I know what the type name and I have a type instance is but it's generic, so how do I get a type reference to keyvaluepair<K,V> that is specific to the keyType and valueType above? Here are a couple of things that come to mind but that don't work (and yes I tried that unsuccessfully first): Type elementType = typeof(keyvalue<keyType, valueType>); Type elementType = typeof(keyvalue<typeof(keyType), typeof(valueType)>); The problem is that this explicit syntax expects a type literal not some dynamic runtime value, so both of the above won't even compile. I turns out the way to create a generic type at runtime is using a fancy bit of syntax that until today I was completely unaware of: Type elementType = typeof(keyvalue<,>).MakeGenericType(keyType, valueType); The key is the type(keyvalue<,>) bit which looks weird at best. It works however and produces a non-generic type reference. You can see the difference between the full generic type and the non-typed (?) generic type in the debugger: The nonGenericType doesn't show any type specialization, while the elementType type shows the string, CustomerEntity (truncated above) in the type name. Once the full type reference exists (elementType) it's then easy to create an instance. In my case the parser parses through the JSON and when it completes parsing the value/object it creates a new keyvalue<T,V> instance. Now that I know the element type that's pretty trivial with: // Objects start out null until we find the opening tag resultObject = Activator.CreateInstance(elementType); Here the result object is picked up by the JSON array parser which creates an instance of the child object (keyvalue<K,V>) and then parses and assigns values from the JSON document using the types  key/value property signature. Internally the parser then takes each individually parsed item and adds it to a list of  List<keyvalue<K,V>> items. Parsing through a Generic type when you only have Runtime Type Information When parsing of the JSON array is done, the List needs to be turned into a defacto Dictionary<K,V>. This should be easy since I know that I'm dealing with an IDictionary, and I know the generic types for the key and value. The problem is again though that this needs to happen at runtime which would mean using several Convert.ChangeType() calls in the code to dynamically cast at runtime. Yuk. In the end I decided the easier and probably only slightly slower way to do this is a to use the dynamic type to collect the items and assign them to avoid all the dynamic casting madness: else if (IsIDictionary) { IDictionary dict = Activator.CreateInstance(arrayType) as IDictionary; foreach (dynamic item in items) { dict.Add(item.key, item.value); } return dict; } This code creates an instance of the generic dictionary type first, then loops through all of my custom keyvalue<K,V> items and assigns them to the actual dictionary. By using Dynamic here I can side step all the explicit type conversions that would be required in the three highlighted areas (not to mention that this nested method doesn't have access to the dictionary item generic types here). Static <- -> Dynamic Dynamic casting in a static language like C# is a bitch to say the least. This is one of the few times when I've cursed static typing and the arcane syntax that's required to coax types into the right format. It works but it's pretty nasty code. If it weren't for dynamic that last bit of code would have been a pretty ugly as well with a bunch of Convert.ChangeType() calls to litter the code. Fortunately this type of type convulsion is rather rare and reserved for system level code. It's not every day that you create a string to object parser after all :-)© Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2011Posted in .NET  CSharp   Tweet (function() { var po = document.createElement('script'); po.type = 'text/javascript'; po.async = true; po.src = 'https://apis.google.com/js/plusone.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(po, s); })();

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  • Modifying CollectionEditor in PropertyGrid

    - by Chris
    I currently have a list containing Call's, which is the base class. If I want to add derived classes of Call to the list, I know to do the following. public class CustomCollectionEditor : System.ComponentModel.Design.CollectionEditor { private Type[] types; public CustomCollectionEditor(Type type) : base(type) { types = new Type[] { typeof(Call), typeof(CappedCall) }; } protected override Type[] CreateNewItemTypes() { return types; } } public class DisplayList { public DisplayList() { } [Editor(typeof(CustomCollectionEditor), typeof(UITypeEditor))] [DataMember] public List<Call> ListCalls { get; set; } } My questions is there anyway of moving where you mark up the Type[] containing all possible types the list can contain? I thought of adding the following to my CustomCollectionEditor class, but this doesn't work. public CustomCollectionEditor(Type type, List<Type> types_) : base(type) { types = types_.ToArray(); } It would be ideal if I could mark up which classes the CustomCollectionEditor needed to be aware of in the DisplayList class somehow.

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  • Patterns to implement this grammar into C# code

    - by MexicanHacker
    Hey guys, I'm creating this little BNF grammar and I wanted to <template>::= <types><editors> <types>::= <type>+ <type>::= <property>+ <property>::= <name><type> <editors>::= <editor>+ <editor>::= <name><type>(<textfield>|<form>|<list>|<pulldown>)+ <textfield>::= <label><property>[<editable>] <form>::= <label><property><editor> <list>::= <label><property><item-editor> <pulldown>::= <label><property><option>+ <option>::= <value> One possible solution we have in mind is to create POCO's that have annotations of the XMLSerialization namespace, like this, for example: [XMLRoot("template")] public class Template{ [XMLElement("types")] public Types types{ } } However I want to explore more solutions, what do you guys think?

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  • Type patterns and generic classes in Haskell

    - by finnsson
    I'm trying to understand type patterns and generic classes in Haskell but can't seem to get it. Could someone explain it in laymen's terms? In [1] I've read that "To apply functions generically to all data types, we view data types in a uniform manner: except for basic predefined types such as Float, IO, and ?, every Haskell data type can be viewed as a labeled sum of possibly labeled products." and then Unit, :*: and :+: are mentioned. Are all data types in Haskell automatically versions of the above mentioned and if so how do I figure out how a specific data type is represented in terms of :*:, etc? The users guide for generic classes (ch. 7.16) at haskell.org doesn't mention the predefined types but shouldn't they be handled in every function if the type patterns should be exhaustive? [1] Comparing Approaches to Generic Programming in Haskell, Ralf Hinze, Johan Jeuring, and Andres Löh

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  • When is C++ covariance the best solution?

    - by Neil Butterworth
    This question was asked here a few hours ago and made me realise that I have never actually used covariant return types in my own code. For those not sure what covariance is, it's allowing the return type of (typically) virtual functions to differ provided the types are part of the same inheritance hierarchy. For example: struct A { virtual ~A(); virtual A * f(); ... }; struct B : public A { virtual B * f(); ... }; The different return types of the two f() functions are said to be covariant. Older versions of C++ required the return types to be the same, so B would have to look like: struct B : public A { virtual A * f(); ... }; So, my question: Does anyone have a real-world example where covariant return types of virtual functions are required, or produce a superior solution to simply returning a base pointer or reference?

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  • Any way to make GetTypes() less brittle.

    - by scope-creep
    I'm iterating through all the types in GAC, GAC_32 and GAC_MSIL looking for specific types, fundamentally to match those using clauses in my source code, so when I compile the source. I'll know exactly what assembly dll's to provide. I'm getting all the file names from each of those directory and applying GetTypes to each assembly in turn and comparing the returned types against my using list. But the problem I have is that GetTypes() keeps crapping out with an exception, when it can't load the types from a loaded assembly. Is their any way to make GetTypes() less brittle. For instance, when parsing this assembly on my box, {blbmmc, Version=6.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35}, it craps out. Any suggestions welcome. I know this is a fairly lengthly process, but I figure i'll eventually use a subset of common assemblies to search, or possibly cache the list of types-assembly dll name at program start. Thanks.

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  • Installing vim7.2 on Solaris Sparc 10 as non-root

    - by Tobbe
    I'm trying to install vim to $HOME/bin by compiling the sources. ./configure --prefix=$home/bin seems to work, but when running make I get: > make Starting make in the src directory. If there are problems, cd to the src directory and run make there cd src && make first gcc -c -I. -Iproto -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -DFEAT_GUI_GTK -I/usr/include/gtk-2.0 -I/usr/lib/gtk-2.0/include -I/usr/include/atk-1.0 -I/usr/include/pango-1.0 -I/usr/openwin/include -I/usr/sfw/include -I/usr/sfw/include/freetype2 -I/usr/include/glib-2.0 -I/usr/lib/glib-2.0/include -g -O2 -I/usr/openwin/include -o objects/buffer.o buffer.c In file included from buffer.c:28: vim.h:41: error: syntax error before ':' token In file included from os_unix.h:29, from vim.h:245, from buffer.c:28: /usr/include/sys/stat.h:251: error: syntax error before "blksize_t" /usr/include/sys/stat.h:255: error: syntax error before '}' token /usr/include/sys/stat.h:309: error: syntax error before "blksize_t" /usr/include/sys/stat.h:310: error: conflicting types for 'st_blocks' /usr/include/sys/stat.h:252: error: previous declaration of 'st_blocks' was here /usr/include/sys/stat.h:313: error: syntax error before '}' token In file included from /opt/local/bin/../lib/gcc/sparc-sun-solaris2.6/3.4.6/include/sys/signal.h:132, from /usr/include/signal.h:26, from os_unix.h:163, from vim.h:245, from buffer.c:28: /usr/include/sys/siginfo.h:259: error: syntax error before "ctid_t" /usr/include/sys/siginfo.h:292: error: syntax error before '}' token /usr/include/sys/siginfo.h:294: error: syntax error before '}' token /usr/include/sys/siginfo.h:390: error: syntax error before "ctid_t" /usr/include/sys/siginfo.h:398: error: conflicting types for '__fault' /usr/include/sys/siginfo.h:267: error: previous declaration of '__fault' was here /usr/include/sys/siginfo.h:404: error: conflicting types for '__file' /usr/include/sys/siginfo.h:273: error: previous declaration of '__file' was here /usr/include/sys/siginfo.h:420: error: conflicting types for '__prof' /usr/include/sys/siginfo.h:287: error: previous declaration of '__prof' was here /usr/include/sys/siginfo.h:424: error: conflicting types for '__rctl' /usr/include/sys/siginfo.h:291: error: previous declaration of '__rctl' was here /usr/include/sys/siginfo.h:426: error: syntax error before '}' token /usr/include/sys/siginfo.h:428: error: syntax error before '}' token /usr/include/sys/siginfo.h:432: error: syntax error before "k_siginfo_t" /usr/include/sys/siginfo.h:437: error: syntax error before '}' token In file included from /usr/include/signal.h:26, from os_unix.h:163, from vim.h:245, from buffer.c:28: /opt/local/bin/../lib/gcc/sparc-sun-solaris2.6/3.4.6/include/sys/signal.h:173: error: syntax error before "siginfo_t" In file included from os_unix.h:163, from vim.h:245, from buffer.c:28: /usr/include/signal.h:111: error: syntax error before "siginfo_t" /usr/include/signal.h:113: error: syntax error before "siginfo_t" buffer.c: In function `buflist_new': buffer.c:1502: error: storage size of 'st' isn't known buffer.c: In function `buflist_findname': buffer.c:1989: error: storage size of 'st' isn't known buffer.c: In function `setfname': buffer.c:2578: error: storage size of 'st' isn't known buffer.c: In function `otherfile_buf': buffer.c:2836: error: storage size of 'st' isn't known buffer.c: In function `buf_setino': buffer.c:2874: error: storage size of 'st' isn't known buffer.c: In function `buf_same_ino': buffer.c:2894: error: dereferencing pointer to incomplete type buffer.c:2895: error: dereferencing pointer to incomplete type *** Error code 1 make: Fatal error: Command failed for target `objects/buffer.o' Current working directory /home/xluntor/vim72/src *** Error code 1 make: Fatal error: Command failed for target `first' How do I fix the make errors? Or is there another way to install vim as non-root? Thanks in advance EDIT: I took a look at the google groups link Sarah posted. The "Compiling Vim" page linked from there was for Linux, so the commands doesn't even work on Solars. But it did hint at logging the output of ./configure to a file, so I did that. Here it is: ./configure output removed. New version further down. Does anyone spot anything critical missing? EDIT 2: So I downloaded the vim package from sunfreeware. I couldn't just install it, since I don't have root privileges, but I was able to extract the package file. This was the file structure in it: `-- SMCvim `-- reloc |-- bin |-- doc | `-- vim `-- share |-- man | `-- man1 `-- vim `-- vim72 |-- autoload | `-- xml |-- colors |-- compiler |-- doc |-- ftplugin |-- indent |-- keymap |-- lang |-- macros | |-- hanoi | |-- life | |-- maze | `-- urm |-- plugin |-- print |-- spell |-- syntax |-- tools `-- tutor I moved the three files (vim, vimtutor, xdd) in SMCvim/reloc/bin to $HOME/bin, so now I can finally run $HOME/bin/vim! But where do I put the "share" directory and its content? EDIT 3: It might also be worth noting that there already exists an install of vim on the system, but it is broken. When I try to run it I get: ld.so.1: vim: fatal: libgtk-1.2.so.0: open failed: No such file or directory "which vim" outputs /opt/local/bin/vim EDIT 4: Trying to compile this on Solaris 10. uname -a SunOS ws005-22 5.10 Generic_141414-10 sun4u sparc SUNW,SPARC-Enterprise New ./configure output: ./configure --prefix=$home/bin ac_cv_sizeof_int=8 --enable-rubyinterp configure: loading cache auto/config.cache checking whether make sets $(MAKE)... yes checking for gcc... gcc checking for C compiler default output file name... a.out checking whether the C compiler works... yes checking whether we are cross compiling... no checking for suffix of executables... checking for suffix of object files... o checking whether we are using the GNU C compiler... yes checking whether gcc accepts -g... yes checking for gcc option to accept ISO C89... unsupported checking how to run the C preprocessor... gcc -E checking for grep that handles long lines and -e... /usr/sfw/bin/ggrep checking for egrep... /usr/sfw/bin/ggrep -E checking for library containing strerror... none required checking for gawk... gawk checking for strip... strip checking for ANSI C header files... yes checking for sys/wait.h that is POSIX.1 compatible... no configure: checking for buggy tools... checking for BeOS... no checking for QNX... no checking for Darwin (Mac OS X)... no checking --with-local-dir argument... Defaulting to /usr/local checking --with-vim-name argument... Defaulting to vim checking --with-ex-name argument... Defaulting to ex checking --with-view-name argument... Defaulting to view checking --with-global-runtime argument... no checking --with-modified-by argument... no checking if character set is EBCDIC... no checking --disable-selinux argument... no checking for is_selinux_enabled in -lselinux... no checking --with-features argument... Defaulting to normal checking --with-compiledby argument... no checking --disable-xsmp argument... no checking --disable-xsmp-interact argument... no checking --enable-mzschemeinterp argument... no checking --enable-perlinterp argument... no checking --enable-pythoninterp argument... no checking --enable-tclinterp argument... no checking --enable-rubyinterp argument... yes checking for ruby... /opt/sfw/bin/ruby checking Ruby version... OK checking Ruby header files... /opt/sfw/lib/ruby/1.6/sparc-solaris2.10 checking --enable-cscope argument... no checking --enable-workshop argument... no checking --disable-netbeans argument... no checking for socket in -lsocket... yes checking for gethostbyname in -lnsl... yes checking whether compiling netbeans integration is possible... no checking --enable-sniff argument... no checking --enable-multibyte argument... no checking --enable-hangulinput argument... no checking --enable-xim argument... defaulting to auto checking --enable-fontset argument... no checking for xmkmf... /usr/openwin/bin/xmkmf checking for X... libraries /usr/openwin/lib, headers /usr/openwin/include checking whether -R must be followed by a space... no checking for gethostbyname... yes checking for connect... yes checking for remove... yes checking for shmat... yes checking for IceConnectionNumber in -lICE... yes checking if X11 header files can be found... yes checking for _XdmcpAuthDoIt in -lXdmcp... no checking for IceOpenConnection in -lICE... yes checking for XpmCreatePixmapFromData in -lXpm... yes checking if X11 header files implicitly declare return values... no checking --enable-gui argument... yes/auto - automatic GUI support checking whether or not to look for GTK... yes checking whether or not to look for GTK+ 2... yes checking whether or not to look for GNOME... no checking whether or not to look for Motif... yes checking whether or not to look for Athena... yes checking whether or not to look for neXtaw... yes checking whether or not to look for Carbon... yes checking --with-gtk-prefix argument... no checking --with-gtk-exec-prefix argument... no checking --disable-gtktest argument... gtk test enabled checking for gtk-config... /opt/local/bin/gtk-config checking for pkg-config... /usr/bin/pkg-config checking for GTK - version = 2.2.0... yes; found version 2.4.9 checking X11/SM/SMlib.h usability... yes checking X11/SM/SMlib.h presence... yes checking for X11/SM/SMlib.h... yes checking X11/xpm.h usability... yes checking X11/xpm.h presence... yes checking for X11/xpm.h... yes checking X11/Sunkeysym.h usability... yes checking X11/Sunkeysym.h presence... yes checking for X11/Sunkeysym.h... yes checking for XIMText in X11/Xlib.h... yes X GUI selected; xim has been enabled checking whether toupper is broken... no checking whether __DATE__ and __TIME__ work... yes checking elf.h usability... yes checking elf.h presence... yes checking for elf.h... yes checking for main in -lelf... yes checking for dirent.h that defines DIR... yes checking for library containing opendir... none required checking for sys/wait.h that defines union wait... no checking stdarg.h usability... yes checking stdarg.h presence... yes checking for stdarg.h... yes checking stdlib.h usability... yes checking stdlib.h presence... yes checking for stdlib.h... yes checking string.h usability... yes checking string.h presence... yes checking for string.h... yes checking sys/select.h usability... yes checking sys/select.h presence... yes checking for sys/select.h... yes checking sys/utsname.h usability... yes checking sys/utsname.h presence... yes checking for sys/utsname.h... yes checking termcap.h usability... yes checking termcap.h presence... yes checking for termcap.h... yes checking fcntl.h usability... yes checking fcntl.h presence... yes checking for fcntl.h... yes checking sgtty.h usability... yes checking sgtty.h presence... yes checking for sgtty.h... yes checking sys/ioctl.h usability... yes checking sys/ioctl.h presence... yes checking for sys/ioctl.h... yes checking sys/time.h usability... yes checking sys/time.h presence... yes checking for sys/time.h... yes checking sys/types.h usability... yes checking sys/types.h presence... yes checking for sys/types.h... yes checking termio.h usability... yes checking termio.h presence... yes checking for termio.h... yes checking iconv.h usability... yes checking iconv.h presence... yes checking for iconv.h... yes checking langinfo.h usability... yes checking langinfo.h presence... yes checking for langinfo.h... yes checking math.h usability... yes checking math.h presence... yes checking for math.h... yes checking unistd.h usability... yes checking unistd.h presence... yes checking for unistd.h... yes checking stropts.h usability... no checking stropts.h presence... yes configure: WARNING: stropts.h: present but cannot be compiled configure: WARNING: stropts.h: check for missing prerequisite headers? configure: WARNING: stropts.h: see the Autoconf documentation configure: WARNING: stropts.h: section "Present But Cannot Be Compiled" configure: WARNING: stropts.h: proceeding with the preprocessor's result configure: WARNING: stropts.h: in the future, the compiler will take precedence checking for stropts.h... yes checking errno.h usability... yes checking errno.h presence... yes checking for errno.h... yes checking sys/resource.h usability... yes checking sys/resource.h presence... yes checking for sys/resource.h... yes checking sys/systeminfo.h usability... yes checking sys/systeminfo.h presence... yes checking for sys/systeminfo.h... yes checking locale.h usability... yes checking locale.h presence... yes checking for locale.h... yes checking sys/stream.h usability... no checking sys/stream.h presence... yes configure: WARNING: sys/stream.h: present but cannot be compiled configure: WARNING: sys/stream.h: check for missing prerequisite headers? configure: WARNING: sys/stream.h: see the Autoconf documentation configure: WARNING: sys/stream.h: section "Present But Cannot Be Compiled" configure: WARNING: sys/stream.h: proceeding with the preprocessor's result configure: WARNING: sys/stream.h: in the future, the compiler will take precedence checking for sys/stream.h... yes checking termios.h usability... yes checking termios.h presence... yes checking for termios.h... yes checking libc.h usability... no checking libc.h presence... no checking for libc.h... no checking sys/statfs.h usability... yes checking sys/statfs.h presence... yes checking for sys/statfs.h... yes checking poll.h usability... yes checking poll.h presence... yes checking for poll.h... yes checking sys/poll.h usability... yes checking sys/poll.h presence... yes checking for sys/poll.h... yes checking pwd.h usability... yes checking pwd.h presence... yes checking for pwd.h... yes checking utime.h usability... yes checking utime.h presence... yes checking for utime.h... yes checking sys/param.h usability... yes checking sys/param.h presence... yes checking for sys/param.h... yes checking libintl.h usability... yes checking libintl.h presence... yes checking for libintl.h... yes checking libgen.h usability... yes checking libgen.h presence... yes checking for libgen.h... yes checking util/debug.h usability... no checking util/debug.h presence... no checking for util/debug.h... no checking util/msg18n.h usability... no checking util/msg18n.h presence... no checking for util/msg18n.h... no checking frame.h usability... no checking frame.h presence... no checking for frame.h... no checking sys/acl.h usability... yes checking sys/acl.h presence... yes checking for sys/acl.h... yes checking sys/access.h usability... no checking sys/access.h presence... no checking for sys/access.h... no checking sys/sysctl.h usability... no checking sys/sysctl.h presence... no checking for sys/sysctl.h... no checking sys/sysinfo.h usability... yes checking sys/sysinfo.h presence... yes checking for sys/sysinfo.h... yes checking wchar.h usability... yes checking wchar.h presence... yes checking for wchar.h... yes checking wctype.h usability... yes checking wctype.h presence... yes checking for wctype.h... yes checking for sys/ptem.h... no checking for pthread_np.h... no checking strings.h usability... yes checking strings.h presence... yes checking for strings.h... yes checking if strings.h can be included after string.h... yes checking whether gcc needs -traditional... no checking for an ANSI C-conforming const... yes checking for mode_t... yes checking for off_t... yes checking for pid_t... yes checking for size_t... yes checking for uid_t in sys/types.h... yes checking whether time.h and sys/time.h may both be included... yes checking for ino_t... yes checking for dev_t... yes checking for rlim_t... yes checking for stack_t... yes checking whether stack_t has an ss_base field... no checking --with-tlib argument... empty: automatic terminal library selection checking for tgetent in -lncurses... yes checking whether we talk terminfo... yes checking what tgetent() returns for an unknown terminal... zero checking whether termcap.h contains ospeed... yes checking whether termcap.h contains UP, BC and PC... yes checking whether tputs() uses outfuntype... no checking whether sys/select.h and sys/time.h may both be included... yes checking for /dev/ptc... no checking for SVR4 ptys... yes checking for ptyranges... don't know checking default tty permissions/group... can't determine - assume ptys are world accessable world checking return type of signal handlers... void checking for struct sigcontext... no checking getcwd implementation is broken... no checking for bcmp... yes checking for fchdir... yes checking for fchown... yes checking for fseeko... yes checking for fsync... yes checking for ftello... yes checking for getcwd... yes checking for getpseudotty... no checking for getpwnam... yes checking for getpwuid... yes checking for getrlimit... yes checking for gettimeofday... yes checking for getwd... yes checking for lstat... yes checking for memcmp... yes checking for memset... yes checking for nanosleep... no checking for opendir... yes checking for putenv... yes checking for qsort... yes checking for readlink... yes checking for select... yes checking for setenv... yes checking for setpgid... yes checking for setsid... yes checking for sigaltstack... yes checking for sigstack... yes checking for sigset... yes checking for sigsetjmp... yes checking for sigaction... yes checking for sigvec... no checking for strcasecmp... yes checking for strerror... yes checking for strftime... yes checking for stricmp... no checking for strncasecmp... yes checking for strnicmp... no checking for strpbrk... yes checking for strtol... yes checking for tgetent... yes checking for towlower... yes checking for towupper... yes checking for iswupper... yes checking for usleep... yes checking for utime... yes checking for utimes... yes checking for st_blksize... no checking whether stat() ignores a trailing slash... no checking for iconv_open()... yes; with -liconv checking for nl_langinfo(CODESET)... yes checking for strtod in -lm... yes checking for strtod() and other floating point functions... yes checking --disable-acl argument... no checking for acl_get_file in -lposix1e... no checking for acl_get_file in -lacl... no checking for POSIX ACL support... no checking for Solaris ACL support... yes checking for AIX ACL support... no checking --disable-gpm argument... no checking for gpm... no checking --disable-sysmouse argument... no checking for sysmouse... no checking for rename... yes checking for sysctl... not usable checking for sysinfo... not usable checking for sysinfo.mem_unit... no checking for sysconf... yes checking size of int... (cached) 8 checking whether memmove handles overlaps... yes checking for _xpg4_setrunelocale in -lxpg4... no checking how to create tags... ctags -t checking how to run man with a section nr... man -s checking --disable-nls argument... no checking for msgfmt... msgfmt checking for NLS... no "po/Makefile" - disabled checking dlfcn.h usability... yes checking dlfcn.h presence... yes checking for dlfcn.h... yes checking for dlopen()... yes checking for dlsym()... yes checking setjmp.h usability... yes checking setjmp.h presence... yes checking for setjmp.h... yes checking for GCC 3 or later... yes configure: updating cache auto/config.cache configure: creating auto/config.status config.status: creating auto/config.mk config.status: creating auto/config.h Make: make Starting make in the src directory. If there are problems, cd to the src directory and run make there cd src && make first mkdir objects CC="gcc -Iproto -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -DFEAT_GUI_GTK -I/usr/include/gtk-2.0 -I/usr/lib/gtk-2.0/include -I/usr/include/atk-1.0 -I/usr/include/pango-1.0 -I/usr/openwin/include -I/usr/sfw/include -I/usr/sfw/include/freetype2 -I/usr/include/glib-2.0 -I/usr/lib/glib-2.0/include -I/usr/openwin/include -I/opt/sfw/lib/ruby/1.6/sparc-solaris2.10 " srcdir=. sh ./osdef.sh gcc -c -I. -Iproto -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -DFEAT_GUI_GTK -I/usr/include/gtk-2.0 -I/usr/lib/gtk-2.0/include -I/usr/include/atk-1.0 -I/usr/include/pango-1.0 -I/usr/openwin/include -I/usr/sfw/include -I/usr/sfw/include/freetype2 -I/usr/include/glib-2.0 -I/usr/lib/glib-2.0/include -g -O2 -I/usr/openwin/include -I/opt/sfw/lib/ruby/1.6/sparc-solaris2.10 -o objects/buffer.o buffer.c In file included from os_unix.h:29, from vim.h:245, from buffer.c:28: /usr/include/sys/stat.h:251: error: syntax error before "blksize_t" /usr/include/sys/stat.h:255: error: syntax error before '}' token /usr/include/sys/stat.h:309: error: syntax error before "blksize_t" /usr/include/sys/stat.h:310: error: conflicting types for 'st_blocks' /usr/include/sys/stat.h:252: error: previous declaration of 'st_blocks' was here /usr/include/sys/stat.h:313: error: syntax error before '}' token In file included from /opt/local/bin/../lib/gcc/sparc-sun-solaris2.6/3.4.6/include/sys/signal.h:132, from /usr/include/signal.h:26, from os_unix.h:163, from vim.h:245, from buffer.c:28: /usr/include/sys/siginfo.h:259: error: syntax error before "ctid_t" /usr/include/sys/siginfo.h:292: error: syntax error before '}' token /usr/include/sys/siginfo.h:294: error: syntax error before '}' token /usr/include/sys/siginfo.h:390: error: syntax error before "ctid_t" /usr/include/sys/siginfo.h:398: error: conflicting types for '__fault' /usr/include/sys/siginfo.h:267: error: previous declaration of '__fault' was here /usr/include/sys/siginfo.h:404: error: conflicting types for '__file' /usr/include/sys/siginfo.h:273: error: previous declaration of '__file' was here /usr/include/sys/siginfo.h:420: error: conflicting types for '__prof' /usr/include/sys/siginfo.h:287: error: previous declaration of '__prof' was here /usr/include/sys/siginfo.h:424: error: conflicting types for '__rctl' /usr/include/sys/siginfo.h:291: error: previous declaration of '__rctl' was here /usr/include/sys/siginfo.h:426: error: syntax error before '}' token /usr/include/sys/siginfo.h:428: error: syntax error before '}' token /usr/include/sys/siginfo.h:432: error: syntax error before "k_siginfo_t" /usr/include/sys/siginfo.h:437: error: syntax error before '}' token In file included from /usr/include/signal.h:26, from os_unix.h:163, from vim.h:245, from buffer.c:28: /opt/local/bin/../lib/gcc/sparc-sun-solaris2.6/3.4.6/include/sys/signal.h:173: error: syntax error before "siginfo_t" In file included from os_unix.h:163, from vim.h:245, from buffer.c:28: /usr/include/signal.h:111: error: syntax error before "siginfo_t" /usr/include/signal.h:113: error: syntax error before "siginfo_t" buffer.c: In function `buflist_new': buffer.c:1502: error: storage size of 'st' isn't known buffer.c: In function `buflist_findname': buffer.c:1989: error: storage size of 'st' isn't known buffer.c: In function `setfname': buffer.c:2578: error: storage size of 'st' isn't known buffer.c: In function `otherfile_buf': buffer.c:2836: error: storage size of 'st' isn't known buffer.c: In function `buf_setino': buffer.c:2874: error: storage size of 'st' isn't known buffer.c: In function `buf_same_ino': buffer.c:2894: error: dereferencing pointer to incomplete type buffer.c:2895: error: dereferencing pointer to incomplete type *** Error code 1 make: Fatal error: Command failed for target `objects/buffer.o' Current working directory /home/xluntor/vim72/src *** Error code 1 make: Fatal error: Command failed for target `first'

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  • Change a File Type’s Icon in Windows 7

    - by Trevor Bekolay
    In Windows XP, you could change the icon associated with a file type in Windows Explorer. In Windows 7, you have to do some registry hacking to change a file type’s icon. We’ll show you a much easier and faster method for Windows 7. File Types Manager File Types Manager is a great little utility from NirSoft that includes the functionality of Windows XP’s folder options and adds a whole lot more. It works great in Windows 7, and its interface makes it easy to change a bunch of related file types at once. A common problem we run into are icons that look too similar. You have to look for a few seconds to see the difference between the movies and the text files. Let’s change the icon for the movie files to make visually scanning through directories much easier. Open up File Types Manager. Find the “Default Icon” column and click on it to sort the list by the Default Icon. (We’ve hidden a bunch of columns we don’t need, so you may find it to be farther to the right.) This groups together all file extensions that already have the same icon. This is convenient because we want to change the icon of all video files, which at the moment all have the same default icon. Click the “Find” button on the toolbar, of press Ctrl+F. Type in a file type that you want to change. Note that all of the extensions with the same default icon are grouped together. Right click on the first extension whose icon you want to change and click on Edit Selected File Type, or select the first extension and press F2. Click the “…” button next to the Default Icon text field. Click on the Browse… button. File Types Manager allows you to select .exe, .dll, or .ico files. In our case, we have a .ico file that we took from the wonderful public domain Tango icon library. Select the appropriate icon (if you’re using a .exe or .dll there could be many possible icons) then click OK. Repeat this process for each extension whose icon you would like to change. Now it’s much easier to see at a glance which files are movies and which are text files! Of course, this process will work for any file type, so customize your files’ icons as you see fit. Download File Types Manager from NirSoft for Windows Similar Articles Productive Geek Tips Change the Default Editor for Batch Files in VistaCustomizing Your Icons in Windows XPChange Your Windows 7 Library Icons the Easy WayRestore Missing Desktop Icons in Windows 7 or VistaCustomize Your Folder Icons in Windows XP TouchFreeze Alternative in AutoHotkey The Icy Undertow Desktop Windows Home Server – Backup to LAN The Clear & Clean Desktop Use This Bookmarklet to Easily Get Albums Use AutoHotkey to Assign a Hotkey to a Specific Window Latest Software Reviews Tinyhacker Random Tips Revo Uninstaller Pro Registry Mechanic 9 for Windows PC Tools Internet Security Suite 2010 PCmover Professional Scan your PC for nasties with Panda ActiveScan CleanMem – Memory Cleaner AceStock – The Personal Stock Monitor Add Multiple Tabs to Office Programs The Wearing of the Green – St. Patrick’s Day Theme (Firefox) Perform a Background Check on Yourself

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  • IE9 and the Mystery of the Broken Video Tag

    - by David Wesst
    I was very excited when Microsoft released the Internet Explorer 9 Release Candidate. As far as I was concerned, this was another nail in the coffin for IE6 and step in the right direction for us .NET web developers as our base camp was finally starting to support the latest and greatest future-web standards. Unfortunately, my celebration was short lived as I soon hit a snag while loading up an HTML5 site I was building in Visual Studio 2010. The Mystery After updating Internet Explorer, I ran my HTML5 site that had the oh-so-lovely HTML5 video tag showing a video. Even though this worked in IE9 Beta, it appeared that IE9 RC could not load the same file. I figured that it was the video codec. Maybe IE9 RC no longer supported the video codec I used to encode my video. Here's the code I used: <video width="854" height="480" id="myOtherVideo" autoplay="" controls=""> <source src="/DemoSite1/Media/big_buck_bunny.mp4"/> <div> <p>Your browser does not support HTML5 Video.</p> </div> </video> As you can see from the code, I had the "fail-safe" code inside the video tag. The idea there being that if the video tag, or the video files themselves, are not supported by the browser my video should fail gracefully. What was even more strange was the fact that it worked in all the other HTML5 browsers that supported video. The Investigation Whoa! DJ stop the music. How can any of that make sense? Would the IE team really take such huge strides forward only to forget to include a feature that was already in the beta? I don't think so. I did plenty of searching on the web and asking around on the web, but could not seem to find anyone else having the same problem. Eventually I came across this post talking about declaring the MIME type in the .htaccess file. That got me thinking: does my web server support the video MIME type? I was using VS2010, so how do I know what kind of MIME types are supported by default? Still, my page hosted in Cassini (the web development server in VS2010) works on the other browsers. Why wouldn't it work with IE9 RC? To answer that, it was time to open up the upgraded toolbox known as the Developer's Tools in IE9 and use the new Network Tab. The Conclusion If you take a closer look at the results displayed from the Network tab, you can see that IE9 RC has interpreted the video file as text/html rather than video/mp4. To make this work, I decided to use IIS to debug my HTML5 web application by setting the web project's properties. Then, I added the MIME types that I want to support (i.e. video/mp4, video/ogg, video/webm). Et voila! The Mystery of the Broken Video Tag is solved. After Thoughts After solving the mystery, I still had the question about why my site worked in Chrome, Safari, and Firefox 3.6. After asking around, the best answer that I received was from my colleague Tyler Doerksen. He said that IE9 likely depends on the server telling it what kind of file it is downloading rather than trying to read the metadata about the data it is trying to download before doing anything. I have no facts to back this up, but it makes sense to me. In a browser war where milliseconds can make your browser fall back a few places in the race for supremacy, maybe the IE team opted to depend on the server knowing what kind of content it is serving up. Makes sense to me. In any case, that is just an educated guess. If you have any comments, feel free to post on them below. This post also appears at http://david.wes.st

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  • Bugzilla : No SASL mechanism found

    - by niteshsinha
    I am using Bugzilla on windows 7. I am using the unofficial Bugzilla installer. I followed the steps accordingly and gave valid credentials wherever required. I open Bugzilla and try to create a new account , but i get the following error. Software error: No SASL mechanism found at C:/Program Files/Bugzilla/perl/perl/site/lib/Authen/SASL.pm line 77 at C:/Program Files/Bugzilla/perl/perl/lib/Net/SMTP.pm line 143 i ran checksetup.pl and found that Authen::SASL and SMTP both are available on my machine. The output of checksetup.pl is as follows. * This is Bugzilla 3.6.3 on perl 5.10.1 * Running on Win7 Build 7600 Checking perl modules... Checking for CGI.pm (v3.33) ok: found v3.49 Checking for Digest-SHA (any) ok: found v5.48 Checking for TimeDate (v2.21) ok: found v2.24 Checking for DateTime (v0.28) ok: found v0.53 Checking for DateTime-TimeZone (v0.79) ok: found v1.10 Checking for DBI (v1.41) ok: found v1.609 Checking for Template-Toolkit (v2.22) ok: found v2.22 Checking for Email-Send (v2.16) ok: found v2.198 Checking for Email-MIME (v1.861) ok: found v1.903 Checking for Email-MIME-Encodings (v1.313) ok: found v1.313 Checking for Email-MIME-Modifier (v1.442) ok: found v1.903 Checking for URI (any) ok: found v1.52 Checking available perl DBD modules... Checking for DBD-Pg (v1.45) ok: found v2.16.1 Checking for DBD-mysql (v4.00) ok: found v4.012 Checking for DBD-Oracle (v1.19) not found The following Perl modules are optional: Checking for GD (v1.20) ok: found v2.44 Checking for Chart (v2.1) ok: found v2.4.1 Checking for Template-GD (any) ok: found v1.56 Checking for GDTextUtil (any) ok: found v0.86 Checking for GDGraph (any) ok: found v1.44 Checking for XML-Twig (any) ok: found v3.34 Checking for MIME-tools (v5.406) ok: found v5.427 Checking for libwww-perl (any) ok: found v5.834 Checking for PatchReader (v0.9.4) ok: found v0.9.5 Checking for perl-ldap (any) ok: found v0.39 Checking for Authen-SASL (any) ok: found v2.15 Checking for RadiusPerl (any) ok: found v0.17 Checking for SOAP-Lite (v0.710.06) ok: found v0.710.10 Checking for JSON-RPC (any) ok: found v0.95 Checking for Test-Taint (any) ok: found v1.04 Checking for HTML-Parser (v3.40) ok: found v3.64 Checking for HTML-Scrubber (any) ok: found v0.08 Checking for Email-MIME-Attachment-Stripper (any) ok: found v1.316 Checking for Email-Reply (any) ok: found v1.202 Checking for TheSchwartz (any) not found Checking for Daemon-Generic (any) not found Checking for mod_perl (v1.999022) not found *********************************************************************** * OPTIONAL MODULES * *********************************************************************** * Certain Perl modules are not required by Bugzilla, but by * * installing the latest version you gain access to additional * * features. * * * * The optional modules you do not have installed are listed below, * * with the name of the feature they enable. Below that table are the * * commands to install each module. * *********************************************************************** * MODULE NAME * ENABLES FEATURE(S) * *********************************************************************** * TheSchwartz * Mail Queueing * * Daemon-Generic * Mail Queueing * * mod_perl * mod_perl * *********************************************************************** * Note For Windows Users * *********************************************************************** * In order to install the modules listed below, you first have to run * * the following command as an Administrator: * * * * ppm repo add theory58S http://cpan.uwinnipeg.ca/PPMPackages/10xx/ * * * Then you have to do (also as an Administrator): * * * * ppm repo up theory58S * * * * Do that last command over and over until you see "theory58S" at the * * top of the displayed list. * *********************************************************************** COMMANDS TO INSTALL OPTIONAL MODULES: TheSchwartz: ppm install TheSchwartz Daemon-Generic: ppm install Daemon-Generic mod_perl: ppm install mod_perl Reading ./localconfig... Checking for DBD-mysql (v4.00) ok: found v4.012 Checking for MySQL (v4.1.2) ok: found v5.1.44-community-log Removing existing compiled templates... Precompiling templates...done. Now that you have installed Bugzilla, you should visit the 'Parameters' page (linked in the footer of the Administrator account) to ensure it is set up as you wish - this includes setting the 'urlbase' option to the correct URL. Press any key to continue . . . Please tell me what should i do. Please note: i am running behind a corporate proxy , SSL/TLS is not used internally but i am giving the smtpUser and smtpPass also.

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  • VBS Runtime error code 800A01B6

    - by salvationishere
    I am a newbie to VBS scripting. I am getting above error on line 54, character 5 in script below. This error says "Object doesn't support this property or method: 'MimeMapArray'". And line it is referring to is: MimeMapArray(i) = CreateObject("MimeMap") Can u tell me what I am doing wrong? Here is the script in its entirety. Note, I am trying to run this on an XP OS by double-clicking this VBS file. ' This script adds the necessary Windows Presentation Foundation MIME types ' to an IIS Server. ' To use this script, just double-click or execute it from a command line. ' Running this script multiple times results in multiple entries in the IIS MimeMap. ' Set the MIME types to be added Dim MimeMapObj Dim MimeMapArray Dim WshShell Dim oExec Const ADS_PROPERTY_UPDATE = 2 Dim MimeTypesToAddArray MimeTypesToAddArray = Array(".manifest", "application/manifest", ".xaml", _ "application/xaml+xml", ".application", "application/x-ms-application", _ ".deploy", "application/octet-stream", ".xbap", "application/x-ms-xbap", _ ".xps", "application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument") ' Get the mimemap object Set MimeMapObj = GetObject("IIS://LocalHost/MimeMap") ' Call AddMimeType for every pair of extension/MIME type For counter = 0 to UBound(MimeTypesToAddArray) Step 2 AddMimeType MimeTypesToAddArray(counter), MimeTypesToAddArray(counter+1) Next ' Create a Shell object Set WshShell = CreateObject("WScript.Shell") ' Stop and Start the IIS Service Set oExec = WshShell.Exec("net stop w3svc") Do While oExec.Status = 0 WScript.Sleep 100 Loop Set oExec = WshShell.Exec("net start w3svc") Do While oExec.Status = 0 WScript.Sleep 100 Loop Set oExec = Nothing ' Report status to user WScript.Echo "Windows Presentation Foundation MIME types have been registered." ' AddMimeType Sub Sub AddMimeType(ByVal Ext, ByVal MType) ' Get the mappings from the MimeMap property. MimeMapArray = MimeMapObj.GetEx("MimeMap") ' Add a new mapping. i = UBound(MimeMapArray) + 1 ReDim Preserve MimeMapArray(i) MimeMapArray(i) = CreateObject("MimeMap") MimeMapArray(i).Extension = Ext MimeMapArray(i).MimeType = MType MimeMapObj.PutEx ADS_PROPERTY_UPDATE, "MimeMap", MimeMapArray MimeMapObj.SetInfo() End Sub

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  • how to download a file from remote server using asp.net

    - by ush
    The below code works fine for downloading a file from a current pc.plz suggest me how to download it from remote server using ip address or any method protected void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { const string fName = @"C:\ITFSPDFbills\February\AA.pdf"; FileInfo fi = new FileInfo(fName); long sz = fi.Length; Response.ClearContent(); Response.ContentType = MimeType(Path.GetExtension(fName)); Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", string.Format("attachment; filename = {0}", System.IO.Path.GetFileName(fName))); Response.AddHeader("Content-Length", sz.ToString("F0")); Response.TransmitFile(fName); Response.End(); } public static string MimeType(string Extension) { string mime = "application/octetstream"; if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(Extension)) return mime; string ext = Extension.ToLower(); Microsoft.Win32.RegistryKey rk = Microsoft.Win32.Registry.ClassesRoot.OpenSubKey(ext); if (rk != null && rk.GetValue("Content Type") != null) mime = rk.GetValue("Content Type").ToString(); return mime; }

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  • Range-based `for` statement definition redundancy

    - by GMan - Save the Unicorns
    Looking at n3092, in §6.5.4 we find the equivalency for a range-based for loop. It then goes on to say what __begin and __end are equal to. It differentiates between arrays and other types, and I find this redundant (aka, confusing). It says for arrays types that __begin and __end are what you expect: a pointer to the first and a pointer to one-past the end. Then for other types, __begin and __end are equal to begin(__range) and end(__range), with ADL. Namespace std is associated, in order to find the std::begin and std::end defined in <iterator>, §24.6.5. However, if we look at the definition of std::begin and std::end, they are both defined for arrays as well as container types. And the array versions do exactly the same as above: pointer to the first, pointer to one-past the end. Why is there a need to differentiate arrays from other types, when the definition given for other types would work just as well, finding std::begin and std::end? Some abridged quotes for convenience: §24.6.5 The range-based for statement — if _RangeT is an array type, begin-expr and end-expr are __range and __range + __bound, respectively, where __bound is the array bound. If _RangeT is an array of unknown size or an array of incomplete type, the program is ill-formed. — otherwise, begin-expr and end-expr are begin(_range) and end(_range), respectively, where begin and end are looked up with argument-dependent lookup (3.4.2). For the purposes of this name lookup, namespace std is an associated namespace. and §24.6.5 range access template T* begin(T (&array)[N]); Returns: array. template T* end(T (&array)[N]); Returns: array + N.

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  • how to download a file from remote server usingh asp.net

    - by ush
    The below code works fine for downloading a file from a current pc.plz suggest me how to download it from remote server using ip address or any method protected void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { const string fName = @"C:\ITFSPDFbills\February\AA.pdf"; FileInfo fi = new FileInfo(fName); long sz = fi.Length; Response.ClearContent(); Response.ContentType = MimeType(Path.GetExtension(fName)); Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", string.Format("attachment; filename = {0}", System.IO.Path.GetFileName(fName))); Response.AddHeader("Content-Length", sz.ToString("F0")); Response.TransmitFile(fName); Response.End(); } public static string MimeType(string Extension) { string mime = "application/octetstream"; if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(Extension)) return mime; string ext = Extension.ToLower(); Microsoft.Win32.RegistryKey rk = Microsoft.Win32.Registry.ClassesRoot.OpenSubKey(ext); if (rk != null && rk.GetValue("Content Type") != null) mime = rk.GetValue("Content Type").ToString(); return mime; }

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  • Importing fixtures with foreign keys and SQLAlchemy?

    - by Chris Reid
    I've been experimenting with using fixture to load test data sets into my Pylons / PostgreSQL app. This works great except that it fails to properly create foreign keys if they reference an auto increment id field. My fixture looks like this: class AuthorsData(DataSet): class frank_herbert: first_name = "Frank" last_name = "Herbert" class BooksData(DataSet): class dune: title = "Dune" author_id = AuthorsData.frank_herbert.ref('id') And the model: t_authors = sa.Table("authors", meta.metadata, sa.Column("id", sa.types.Integer, primary_key=True), sa.Column("first_name", sa.types.String(100)), sa.Column("last_name", sa.types.String(100)), ) t_books = sa.Table("books", meta.metadata, sa.Column("id", sa.types.Integer, primary_key=True), sa.Column("title", sa.types.String(100)), sa.Column("author_id", sa.types.Integer, sa.ForeignKey('authors.id')) ) When running "paster setup-app development.ini", SQLAlchemey reports the FK value as "None" so it's obviously not finding it: 15:59:48,683 INFO [sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine.0x...9eb0] INSERT INTO books (title, author_id) VALUES (%(title)s, %(author_id)s) RETURNING books.id 15:59:48,683 INFO [sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine.0x...9eb0] {'author_id': None, 'title': 'Dune'} The fixture docs actually warn that this might be a problem: "However, in some cases you may need to reference an attribute that does not have a value until it is loaded, like a serial ID column. (Note that this is not supported by the SQLAlchemy data layer when using sessions.)" http://farmdev.com/projects/fixture/using-dataset.html#referencing-foreign-dataset-classes Does this mean that this is just not supported with SQLAlchemy? Or is it possible to load the data without using SA "sessions"? How are other people handling this issue?

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  • Chrome and Firefox not able to find some sites after Ubuntu's recent update?

    - by gkr
    Loading of revision3.com in Chrome stops and status saying "waiting for static.inplay.tubemogul.com" grooveshark.com in Chrome never loads But wikipedia.org, google.com works just normal same behavior in Firefox too. I use wired DSL connection in Ubuntu 12.04. I guess this started happening after I upgraded the Chrome browser or Flash plugin few days ago from Ubuntu updates through update-manager. Thanks EDIT: Everything works normal in my WinXP. Problem is only in Ubuntu 12.04. This is what I get when I use wget gkr@gkr-desktop:~$ wget revision3.com --2012-06-12 08:58:01-- http://revision3.com/ Resolving revision3.com (revision3.com)... 173.192.117.198 Connecting to revision3.com (revision3.com)|173.192.117.198|:80... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: unspecified [text/html] Saving to: `index.html' [ ] 81,046 32.0K/s in 2.5s 2012-06-12 08:58:04 (32.0 KB/s) - `index.html' saved [81046] gkr@gkr-desktop:~$ wget static.inplay.tubemogul.com --2012-06-12 08:51:25-- http://static.inplay.tubemogul.com/ Resolving static.inplay.tubemogul.com (static.inplay.tubemogul.com)... 72.21.81.253 Connecting to static.inplay.tubemogul.com (static.inplay.tubemogul.com)|72.21.81.253|:80... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 404 Not Found 2012-06-12 08:51:25 ERROR 404: Not Found. grooveshark.com nevers responses so I have to Ctrl+C to terminate wget. gkr@gkr-desktop:~$ wget grooveshark.com --2012-06-12 08:51:33-- http://grooveshark.com/ Resolving grooveshark.com (grooveshark.com)... 8.20.213.76 Connecting to grooveshark.com (grooveshark.com)|8.20.213.76|:80... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... ^C gkr@gkr-desktop:~$ This is the apt term.log of updates I mentioned Log started: 2012-06-09 04:51:45 (Reading database ... (Reading database ... 5% (Reading database ... 10% (Reading database ... 15% (Reading database ... 20% (Reading database ... 25% (Reading database ... 30% (Reading database ... 35% (Reading database ... 40% (Reading database ... 45% (Reading database ... 50% (Reading database ... 55% (Reading database ... 60% (Reading database ... 65% (Reading database ... 70% (Reading database ... 75% (Reading database ... 80% (Reading database ... 85% (Reading database ... 90% (Reading database ... 95% (Reading database ... 100% (Reading database ... 161392 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to replace google-chrome-stable 19.0.1084.52-r138391 (using .../google-chrome-stable_19.0.1084.56-r140965_i386.deb) ... Unpacking replacement google-chrome-stable ... Preparing to replace libpulse0 1:1.1-0ubuntu15 (using .../libpulse0_1%3a1.1-0ubuntu15.1_i386.deb) ... Unpacking replacement libpulse0 ... Preparing to replace libpulse-mainloop-glib0 1:1.1-0ubuntu15 (using .../libpulse-mainloop-glib0_1%3a1.1-0ubuntu15.1_i386.deb) ... Unpacking replacement libpulse-mainloop-glib0 ... Preparing to replace libpulsedsp 1:1.1-0ubuntu15 (using .../libpulsedsp_1%3a1.1-0ubuntu15.1_i386.deb) ... Unpacking replacement libpulsedsp ... Preparing to replace sudo 1.8.3p1-1ubuntu3.2 (using .../sudo_1.8.3p1-1ubuntu3.3_i386.deb) ... Unpacking replacement sudo ... Preparing to replace flashplugin-installer 11.2.202.235ubuntu0.12.04.1 (using .../flashplugin-installer_11.2.202.236ubuntu0.12.04.1_i386.deb) ... Unpacking replacement flashplugin-installer ... Preparing to replace pulseaudio-utils 1:1.1-0ubuntu15 (using .../pulseaudio-utils_1%3a1.1-0ubuntu15.1_i386.deb) ... Unpacking replacement pulseaudio-utils ... Preparing to replace pulseaudio 1:1.1-0ubuntu15 (using .../pulseaudio_1%3a1.1-0ubuntu15.1_i386.deb) ... Unpacking replacement pulseaudio ... Preparing to replace pulseaudio-module-gconf 1:1.1-0ubuntu15 (using .../pulseaudio-module-gconf_1%3a1.1-0ubuntu15.1_i386.deb) ... Unpacking replacement pulseaudio-module-gconf ... Preparing to replace pulseaudio-module-x11 1:1.1-0ubuntu15 (using .../pulseaudio-module-x11_1%3a1.1-0ubuntu15.1_i386.deb) ... Unpacking replacement pulseaudio-module-x11 ... Preparing to replace shared-mime-info 1.0-0ubuntu4 (using .../shared-mime-info_1.0-0ubuntu4.1_i386.deb) ... Unpacking replacement shared-mime-info ... Preparing to replace pulseaudio-module-bluetooth 1:1.1-0ubuntu15 (using .../pulseaudio-module-bluetooth_1%3a1.1-0ubuntu15.1_i386.deb) ... Unpacking replacement pulseaudio-module-bluetooth ... Processing triggers for menu ... /usr/share/menu/downverter.menu: 1: /usr/share/menu/downverter.menu: Syntax error: word unexpected (expecting ")") Processing triggers for man-db ... locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: No such file or directory locale: Cannot set LC_MESSAGES to default locale: No such file or directory locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory Processing triggers for bamfdaemon ... Rebuilding /usr/share/applications/bamf.index... Processing triggers for desktop-file-utils ... Processing triggers for gnome-menus ... Processing triggers for ureadahead ... ureadahead will be reprofiled on next reboot Processing triggers for update-notifier-common ... flashplugin-installer: downloading http://archive.canonical.com/pool/partner/a/adobe-flashplugin/adobe-flashplugin_11.2.202.236.orig.tar.gz Installing from local file /tmp/tmpNrBt4g.gz Flash Plugin installed. Processing triggers for doc-base ... Processing 1 changed doc-base file... Registering documents with scrollkeeper... Setting up google-chrome-stable (19.0.1084.56-r140965) ... Setting up libpulse0 (1:1.1-0ubuntu15.1) ... Setting up libpulse-mainloop-glib0 (1:1.1-0ubuntu15.1) ... Setting up libpulsedsp (1:1.1-0ubuntu15.1) ... Setting up sudo (1.8.3p1-1ubuntu3.3) ... Installing new version of config file /etc/pam.d/sudo ... Setting up flashplugin-installer (11.2.202.236ubuntu0.12.04.1) ... locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: No such file or directory locale: Cannot set LC_MESSAGES to default locale: No such file or directory locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory Setting up pulseaudio-utils (1:1.1-0ubuntu15.1) ... Setting up pulseaudio (1:1.1-0ubuntu15.1) ... Setting up pulseaudio-module-gconf (1:1.1-0ubuntu15.1) ... Setting up pulseaudio-module-x11 (1:1.1-0ubuntu15.1) ... Setting up shared-mime-info (1.0-0ubuntu4.1) ... Setting up pulseaudio-module-bluetooth (1:1.1-0ubuntu15.1) ... Processing triggers for menu ... /usr/share/menu/downverter.menu: 1: /usr/share/menu/downverter.menu: Syntax error: word unexpected (expecting ")") Processing triggers for libc-bin ... ldconfig deferred processing now taking place Log ended: 2012-06-09 04:53:32 This is from history.log Start-Date: 2012-06-09 04:51:45 Commandline: aptdaemon role='role-commit-packages' sender=':1.56' Upgrade: shared-mime-info:i386 (1.0-0ubuntu4, 1.0-0ubuntu4.1), pulseaudio:i386 (1.1-0ubuntu15, 1.1-0ubuntu15.1), libpulse-mainloop-glib0:i386 (1.1-0ubuntu15, 1.1-0ubuntu15.1), sudo:i386 (1.8.3p1-1ubuntu3.2, 1.8.3p1-1ubuntu3.3), pulseaudio-module-bluetooth:i386 (1.1-0ubuntu15, 1.1-0ubuntu15.1), pulseaudio-module-x11:i386 (1.1-0ubuntu15, 1.1-0ubuntu15.1), flashplugin-installer:i386 (11.2.202.235ubuntu0.12.04.1, 11.2.202.236ubuntu0.12.04.1), pulseaudio-utils:i386 (1.1-0ubuntu15, 1.1-0ubuntu15.1), pulseaudio-module-gconf:i386 (1.1-0ubuntu15, 1.1-0ubuntu15.1), libpulse0:i386 (1.1-0ubuntu15, 1.1-0ubuntu15.1), libpulsedsp:i386 (1.1-0ubuntu15, 1.1-0ubuntu15.1), google-chrome-stable:i386 (19.0.1084.52-r138391, 19.0.1084.56-r140965) End-Date: 2012-06-09 04:53:32

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  • Computer Networks UNISA - Chap 10 &ndash; In Depth TCP/IP Networking

    - by MarkPearl
    After reading this section you should be able to Understand methods of network design unique to TCP/IP networks, including subnetting, CIDR, and address translation Explain the differences between public and private TCP/IP networks Describe protocols used between mail clients and mail servers, including SMTP, POP3, and IMAP4 Employ multiple TCP/IP utilities for network discovery and troubleshooting Designing TCP/IP-Based Networks The following sections explain how network and host information in an IPv4 address can be manipulated to subdivide networks into smaller segments. Subnetting Subnetting separates a network into multiple logically defined segments, or subnets. Networks are commonly subnetted according to geographic locations, departmental boundaries, or technology types. A network administrator might separate traffic to accomplish the following… Enhance security Improve performance Simplify troubleshooting The challenges of Classful Addressing in IPv4 (No subnetting) The simplest type of IPv4 is known as classful addressing (which was the Class A, Class B & Class C network addresses). Classful addressing has the following limitations. Restriction in the number of usable IPv4 addresses (class C would be limited to 254 addresses) Difficult to separate traffic from various parts of a network Because of the above reasons, subnetting was introduced. IPv4 Subnet Masks Subnetting depends on the use of subnet masks to identify how a network is subdivided. A subnet mask indicates where network information is located in an IPv4 address. The 1 in a subnet mask indicates that corresponding bits in the IPv4 address contain network information (likewise 0 indicates the opposite) Each network class is associated with a default subnet mask… Class A = 255.0.0.0 Class B = 255.255.0.0 Class C = 255.255.255.0 An example of calculating  the network ID for a particular device with a subnet mask is shown below.. IP Address = 199.34.89.127 Subnet Mask = 255.255.255.0 Resultant Network ID = 199.34.89.0 IPv4 Subnetting Techniques Subnetting breaks the rules of classful IPv4 addressing. Read page 490 for a detailed explanation Calculating IPv4 Subnets Read page 491 – 494 for an explanation Important… Subnetting only applies to the devices internal to your network. Everything external looks at the class of the IP address instead of the subnet network ID. This way, traffic directed to your network externally still knows where to go, and once it has entered your internal network it can then be prioritized and segmented. CIDR (classless Interdomain Routing) CIDR is also known as classless routing or supernetting. In CIDR conventional network class distinctions do not exist, a subnet boundary can move to the left, therefore generating more usable IP addresses on your network. A subnet created by moving the subnet boundary to the left is known as a supernet. With CIDR also came new shorthand for denoting the position of subnet boundaries known as CIDR notation or slash notation. CIDR notation takes the form of the network ID followed by a forward slash (/) followed by the number of bits that are used for the extended network prefix. To take advantage of classless routing, your networks routers must be able to interpret IP addresses that don;t adhere to conventional network class parameters. Routers that rely on older routing protocols (i.e. RIP) are not capable of interpreting classless IP addresses. Internet Gateways Gateways are a combination of software and hardware that enable two different network segments to exchange data. A gateway facilitates communication between different networks or subnets. Because on device cannot send data directly to a device on another subnet, a gateway must intercede and hand off the information. Every device on a TCP/IP based network has a default gateway (a gateway that first interprets its outbound requests to other subnets, and then interprets its inbound requests from other subnets). The internet contains a vast number of routers and gateways. If each gateway had to track addressing information for every other gateway on the Internet, it would be overtaxed. Instead, each handles only a relatively small amount of addressing information, which it uses to forward data to another gateway that knows more about the data’s destination. The gateways that make up the internet backbone are called core gateways. Address Translation An organizations default gateway can also be used to “hide” the organizations internal IP addresses and keep them from being recognized on a public network. A public network is one that any user may access with little or no restrictions. On private networks, hiding IP addresses allows network managers more flexibility in assigning addresses. Clients behind a gateway may use any IP addressing scheme, regardless of whether it is recognized as legitimate by the Internet authorities but as soon as those devices need to go on the internet, they must have legitimate IP addresses to exchange data. When a clients transmission reaches the default gateway, the gateway opens the IP datagram and replaces the client’s private IP address with an Internet recognized IP address. This process is known as NAT (Network Address Translation). TCP/IP Mail Services All Internet mail services rely on the same principles of mail delivery, storage, and pickup, though they may use different types of software to accomplish these functions. Email servers and clients communicate through special TCP/IP application layer protocols. These protocols, all of which operate on a variety of operating systems are discussed below… SMTP (Simple Mail transfer Protocol) The protocol responsible for moving messages from one mail server to another over TCP/IP based networks. SMTP belongs to the application layer of the ODI model and relies on TCP as its transport protocol. Operates from port 25 on the SMTP server Simple sub-protocol, incapable of doing anything more than transporting mail or holding it in a queue MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions) The standard message format specified by SMTP allows for lines that contain no more than 1000 ascii characters meaning if you relied solely on SMTP you would have very short messages and nothing like pictures included in an email. MIME us a standard for encoding and interpreting binary files, images, video, and non-ascii character sets within an email message. MIME identifies each element of a mail message according to content type. MIME does not replace SMTP but works in conjunction with it. Most modern email clients and servers support MIME POP (Post Office Protocol) POP is an application layer protocol used to retrieve messages from a mail server POP3 relies on TCP and operates over port 110 With POP3 mail is delivered and stored on a mail server until it is downloaded by a user Disadvantage of POP3 is that it typically does not allow users to save their messages on the server because of this IMAP is sometimes used IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol) IMAP is a retrieval protocol that was developed as a more sophisticated alternative to POP3 The single biggest advantage IMAP4 has over POP3 is that users can store messages on the mail server, rather than having to continually download them Users can retrieve all or only a portion of any mail message Users can review their messages and delete them while the messages remain on the server Users can create sophisticated methods of organizing messages on the server Users can share a mailbox in a central location Disadvantages of IMAP are typically related to the fact that it requires more storage space on the server. Additional TCP/IP Utilities Nearly all TCP/IP utilities can be accessed from the command prompt on any type of server or client running TCP/IP. The syntaxt may differ depending on the OS of the client. Below is a list of additional TCP/IP utilities – research their use on your own! Ipconfig (Windows) & Ifconfig (Linux) Netstat Nbtstat Hostname, Host & Nslookup Dig (Linux) Whois (Linux) Traceroute (Tracert) Mtr (my traceroute) Route

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  • Automatically extracting inline XSD from WSDL into XSD file(s)

    - by Steven Geens
    I am using a third party Web Service whose definition and implementation are beyond my control. This web service will change in the future. The Web Service should be used to generate an XML file which contains some of the same data (represented by the same XSD types) as the Web Service plus some extra information generated by the program. My approach: create my own XSD referring to the XSD definitions of the WSDL of the called web service (This XSD also includes XSD types for the extra information obviously.) use a Java XML databinding framework (like ADB or JiXB) to generate the databinding classes from my own XSD file from step 1 use a Java SOAP framework (like Axis2 or CXF) with the same databinding framework to generate the databinding classes from the WSDL (This would enable me to use the objects retrieved by the web service directly in the generation of the XML.) The XSD types I am going to use in my own XSD file, but are defined in the WSDL, are subject to change. Whenever they change, I would like to automatically process the XSD and WSDL databinding again. (If the change is significant enough, this might trigger some development effort.(But usually not.)) My problem: In step 1 I need an XSD referring to the same types as used by the Web Service. The WSDL is referring to another WSDL, which is referring to another WSDL etc. Eventually there is an WSDL with the needed inline XSD types. As far as I know there is no way to directly reference the inline XSD types of a WSDL from an XSD. The approach I would think most viable, is to include an extra step in the automatic processing (before the databinding) that extracts the inline XSD from the WSDL into other XSD file(s). These other XSD file(s) can then be referred to by my own XSD file. Things I'd like to avoid: Manually copy pasting the inline XSD into an XSD file (I am looking for an automatic process.) Any manual steps.(Like the determining the WSDL that contains the inline types manually.(The location of that WSDL does change as well.)) Using xsd:any in my own XSD. I would like my own XSD file to be correct. Using a non-Java technology(like .NET) Huge amounts of implementation (but hints on how you would implement such an extraction are welcome anyway) PS: I found some similar questions, but they all had responses like: WTH would you want to do that? That is the reason for my rather large background story.

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  • Loosely coupled implicit conversion

    - by ltjax
    Implicit conversion can be really useful when types are semantically equivalent. For example, imagine two libraries that implement a type identically, but in different namespaces. Or just a type that is mostly identical, except for some semantic-sugar here and there. Now you cannot pass one type into a function (in one of those libraries) that was designed to use the other, unless that function is a template. If it's not, you have to somehow convert one type into the other. This should be trivial (or otherwise the types are not so identical after-all!) but calling the conversion explicitly bloats your code with mostly meaningless function-calls. While such conversion functions might actually copy some values around, they essentially do nothing from a high-level "programmers" point-of-view. Implicit conversion constructors and operators could obviously help, but they introduce coupling, so that one of those types has to know about the other. Usually, at least when dealing with libraries, that is not the case, because the presence of one of those types makes the other one redundant. Also, you cannot always change libraries. Now I see two options on how to make implicit conversion work in user-code: The first would be to provide a proxy-type, that implements conversion-operators and conversion-constructors (and assignments) for all the involved types, and always use that. The second requires a minimal change to the libraries, but allows great flexibility: Add a conversion-constructor for each involved type that can be externally optionally enabled. For example, for a type A add a constructor: template <class T> A( const T& src, typename boost::enable_if<conversion_enabled<T,A>>::type* ignore=0 ) { *this = convert(src); } and a template template <class X, class Y> struct conversion_enabled : public boost::mpl::false_ {}; that disables the implicit conversion by default. Then to enable conversion between two types, specialize the template: template <> struct conversion_enabled<OtherA, A> : public boost::mpl::true_ {}; and implement a convert function that can be found through ADL. I would personally prefer to use the second variant, unless there are strong arguments against it. Now to the actual question(s): What's the preferred way to associate types for implicit conversion? Are my suggestions good ideas? Are there any downsides to either approach? Is allowing conversions like that dangerous? Should library implementers in-general supply the second method when it's likely that their type will be replicated in software they are most likely beeing used with (I'm thinking of 3d-rendering middle-ware here, where most of those packages implement a 3D vector).

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  • Using an alternate JSON Serializer in ASP.NET Web API

    - by Rick Strahl
    The new ASP.NET Web API that Microsoft released alongside MVC 4.0 Beta last week is a great framework for building REST and AJAX APIs. I've been working with it for quite a while now and I really like the way it works and the complete set of features it provides 'in the box'. It's about time that Microsoft gets a decent API for building generic HTTP endpoints into the framework. DataContractJsonSerializer sucks As nice as Web API's overall design is one thing still sucks: The built-in JSON Serialization uses the DataContractJsonSerializer which is just too limiting for many scenarios. The biggest issues I have with it are: No support for untyped values (object, dynamic, Anonymous Types) MS AJAX style Date Formatting Ugly serialization formats for types like Dictionaries To me the most serious issue is dealing with serialization of untyped objects. I have number of applications with AJAX front ends that dynamically reformat data from business objects to fit a specific message format that certain UI components require. The most common scenario I have there are IEnumerable query results from a database with fields from the result set rearranged to fit the sometimes unconventional formats required for the UI components (like jqGrid for example). Creating custom types to fit these messages seems like overkill and projections using Linq makes this much easier to code up. Alas DataContractJsonSerializer doesn't support it. Neither does DataContractSerializer for XML output for that matter. What this means is that you can't do stuff like this in Web API out of the box:public object GetAnonymousType() { return new { name = "Rick", company = "West Wind", entered= DateTime.Now }; } Basically anything that doesn't have an explicit type DataContractJsonSerializer will not let you return. FWIW, the same is true for XmlSerializer which also doesn't work with non-typed values for serialization. The example above is obviously contrived with a hardcoded object graph, but it's not uncommon to get dynamic values returned from queries that have anonymous types for their result projections. Apparently there's a good possibility that Microsoft will ship Json.NET as part of Web API RTM release.  Scott Hanselman confirmed this as a footnote in his JSON Dates post a few days ago. I've heard several other people from Microsoft confirm that Json.NET will be included and be the default JSON serializer, but no details yet in what capacity it will show up. Let's hope it ends up as the default in the box. Meanwhile this post will show you how you can use it today with the beta and get JSON that matches what you should see in the RTM version. What about JsonValue? To be fair Web API DOES include a new JsonValue/JsonObject/JsonArray type that allow you to address some of these scenarios. JsonValue is a new type in the System.Json assembly that can be used to build up an object graph based on a dictionary. It's actually a really cool implementation of a dynamic type that allows you to create an object graph and spit it out to JSON without having to create .NET type first. JsonValue can also receive a JSON string and parse it without having to actually load it into a .NET type (which is something that's been missing in the core framework). This is really useful if you get a JSON result from an arbitrary service and you don't want to explicitly create a mapping type for the data returned. For serialization you can create an object structure on the fly and pass it back as part of an Web API action method like this:public JsonValue GetJsonValue() { dynamic json = new JsonObject(); json.name = "Rick"; json.company = "West Wind"; json.entered = DateTime.Now; dynamic address = new JsonObject(); address.street = "32 Kaiea"; address.zip = "96779"; json.address = address; dynamic phones = new JsonArray(); json.phoneNumbers = phones; dynamic phone = new JsonObject(); phone.type = "Home"; phone.number = "808 123-1233"; phones.Add(phone); phone = new JsonObject(); phone.type = "Home"; phone.number = "808 123-1233"; phones.Add(phone); //var jsonString = json.ToString(); return json; } which produces the following output (formatted here for easier reading):{ name: "rick", company: "West Wind", entered: "2012-03-08T15:33:19.673-10:00", address: { street: "32 Kaiea", zip: "96779" }, phoneNumbers: [ { type: "Home", number: "808 123-1233" }, { type: "Mobile", number: "808 123-1234" }] } If you need to build a simple JSON type on the fly these types work great. But if you have an existing type - or worse a query result/list that's already formatted JsonValue et al. become a pain to work with. As far as I can see there's no way to just throw an object instance at JsonValue and have it convert into JsonValue dictionary. It's a manual process. Using alternate Serializers in Web API So, currently the default serializer in WebAPI is DataContractJsonSeriaizer and I don't like it. You may not either, but luckily you can swap the serializer fairly easily. If you'd rather use the JavaScriptSerializer built into System.Web.Extensions or Json.NET today, it's not too difficult to create a custom MediaTypeFormatter that uses these serializers and can replace or partially replace the native serializer. Here's a MediaTypeFormatter implementation using the ASP.NET JavaScriptSerializer:using System; using System.Net.Http.Formatting; using System.Threading.Tasks; using System.Web.Script.Serialization; using System.Json; using System.IO; namespace Westwind.Web.WebApi { public class JavaScriptSerializerFormatter : MediaTypeFormatter { public JavaScriptSerializerFormatter() { SupportedMediaTypes.Add(new System.Net.Http.Headers.MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/json")); } protected override bool CanWriteType(Type type) { // don't serialize JsonValue structure use default for that if (type == typeof(JsonValue) || type == typeof(JsonObject) || type== typeof(JsonArray) ) return false; return true; } protected override bool CanReadType(Type type) { if (type == typeof(IKeyValueModel)) return false; return true; } protected override System.Threading.Tasks.Taskobject OnReadFromStreamAsync(Type type, System.IO.Stream stream, System.Net.Http.Headers.HttpContentHeaders contentHeaders, FormatterContext formatterContext) { var task = Taskobject.Factory.StartNew(() = { var ser = new JavaScriptSerializer(); string json; using (var sr = new StreamReader(stream)) { json = sr.ReadToEnd(); sr.Close(); } object val = ser.Deserialize(json,type); return val; }); return task; } protected override System.Threading.Tasks.Task OnWriteToStreamAsync(Type type, object value, System.IO.Stream stream, System.Net.Http.Headers.HttpContentHeaders contentHeaders, FormatterContext formatterContext, System.Net.TransportContext transportContext) { var task = Task.Factory.StartNew( () = { var ser = new JavaScriptSerializer(); var json = ser.Serialize(value); byte[] buf = System.Text.Encoding.Default.GetBytes(json); stream.Write(buf,0,buf.Length); stream.Flush(); }); return task; } } } Formatter implementation is pretty simple: You override 4 methods to tell which types you can handle and then handle the input or output streams to create/parse the JSON data. Note that when creating output you want to take care to still allow JsonValue/JsonObject/JsonArray types to be handled by the default serializer so those objects serialize properly - if you let either JavaScriptSerializer or JSON.NET handle them they'd try to render the dictionaries which is very undesirable. If you'd rather use Json.NET here's the JSON.NET version of the formatter:// this code requires a reference to JSON.NET in your project #if true using System; using System.Net.Http.Formatting; using System.Threading.Tasks; using System.Web.Script.Serialization; using System.Json; using Newtonsoft.Json; using System.IO; using Newtonsoft.Json.Converters; namespace Westwind.Web.WebApi { public class JsonNetFormatter : MediaTypeFormatter { public JsonNetFormatter() { SupportedMediaTypes.Add(new System.Net.Http.Headers.MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/json")); } protected override bool CanWriteType(Type type) { // don't serialize JsonValue structure use default for that if (type == typeof(JsonValue) || type == typeof(JsonObject) || type == typeof(JsonArray)) return false; return true; } protected override bool CanReadType(Type type) { if (type == typeof(IKeyValueModel)) return false; return true; } protected override System.Threading.Tasks.Taskobject OnReadFromStreamAsync(Type type, System.IO.Stream stream, System.Net.Http.Headers.HttpContentHeaders contentHeaders, FormatterContext formatterContext) { var task = Taskobject.Factory.StartNew(() = { var settings = new JsonSerializerSettings() { NullValueHandling = NullValueHandling.Ignore, }; var sr = new StreamReader(stream); var jreader = new JsonTextReader(sr); var ser = new JsonSerializer(); ser.Converters.Add(new IsoDateTimeConverter()); object val = ser.Deserialize(jreader, type); return val; }); return task; } protected override System.Threading.Tasks.Task OnWriteToStreamAsync(Type type, object value, System.IO.Stream stream, System.Net.Http.Headers.HttpContentHeaders contentHeaders, FormatterContext formatterContext, System.Net.TransportContext transportContext) { var task = Task.Factory.StartNew( () = { var settings = new JsonSerializerSettings() { NullValueHandling = NullValueHandling.Ignore, }; string json = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(value, Formatting.Indented, new JsonConverter[1] { new IsoDateTimeConverter() } ); byte[] buf = System.Text.Encoding.Default.GetBytes(json); stream.Write(buf,0,buf.Length); stream.Flush(); }); return task; } } } #endif   One advantage of the Json.NET serializer is that you can specify a few options on how things are formatted and handled. You get null value handling and you can plug in the IsoDateTimeConverter which is nice to product proper ISO dates that I would expect any Json serializer to output these days. Hooking up the Formatters Once you've created the custom formatters you need to enable them for your Web API application. To do this use the GlobalConfiguration.Configuration object and add the formatter to the Formatters collection. Here's what this looks like hooked up from Application_Start in a Web project:protected void Application_Start(object sender, EventArgs e) { // Action based routing (used for RPC calls) RouteTable.Routes.MapHttpRoute( name: "StockApi", routeTemplate: "stocks/{action}/{symbol}", defaults: new { symbol = RouteParameter.Optional, controller = "StockApi" } ); // WebApi Configuration to hook up formatters and message handlers // optional RegisterApis(GlobalConfiguration.Configuration); } public static void RegisterApis(HttpConfiguration config) { // Add JavaScriptSerializer formatter instead - add at top to make default //config.Formatters.Insert(0, new JavaScriptSerializerFormatter()); // Add Json.net formatter - add at the top so it fires first! // This leaves the old one in place so JsonValue/JsonObject/JsonArray still are handled config.Formatters.Insert(0, new JsonNetFormatter()); } One thing to remember here is the GlobalConfiguration object which is Web API's static configuration instance. I think this thing is seriously misnamed given that GlobalConfiguration could stand for anything and so is hard to discover if you don't know what you're looking for. How about WebApiConfiguration or something more descriptive? Anyway, once you know what it is you can use the Formatters collection to insert your custom formatter. Note that I insert my formatter at the top of the list so it takes precedence over the default formatter. I also am not removing the old formatter because I still want JsonValue/JsonObject/JsonArray to be handled by the default serialization mechanism. Since they process in sequence and I exclude processing for these types JsonValue et al. still get properly serialized/deserialized. Summary Currently DataContractJsonSerializer in Web API is a pain, but at least we have the ability with relatively limited effort to replace the MediaTypeFormatter and plug in our own JSON serializer. This is useful for many scenarios - if you have existing client applications that used MVC JsonResult or ASP.NET AJAX results from ASMX AJAX services you can plug in the JavaScript serializer and get exactly the same serializer you used in the past so your results will be the same and don't potentially break clients. JSON serializers do vary a bit in how they serialize some of the more complex types (like Dictionaries and dates for example) and so if you're migrating it might be helpful to ensure your client code doesn't break when you switch to ASP.NET Web API. Going forward it looks like Microsoft is planning on plugging in Json.Net into Web API and make that the default. I think that's an awesome choice since Json.net has been around forever, is fast and easy to use and provides a ton of functionality as part of this great library. I just wish Microsoft would have figured this out sooner instead of now at the last minute integrating with it especially given that Json.Net has a similar set of lower level JSON objects JsonValue/JsonObject etc. which now will end up being duplicated by the native System.Json stuff. It's not like we don't already have enough confusion regarding which JSON serializer to use (JavaScriptSerializer, DataContractJsonSerializer, JsonValue/JsonObject/JsonArray and now Json.net). For years I've been using my own JSON serializer because the built in choices are both limited. However, with an official encorsement of Json.Net I'm happily moving on to use that in my applications. Let's see and hope Microsoft gets this right before ASP.NET Web API goes gold.© Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2012Posted in Web Api  AJAX  ASP.NET   Tweet !function(d,s,id){var js,fjs=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];if(!d.getElementById(id)){js=d.createElement(s);js.id=id;js.src="//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js";fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js,fjs);}}(document,"script","twitter-wjs"); (function() { var po = document.createElement('script'); po.type = 'text/javascript'; po.async = true; po.src = 'https://apis.google.com/js/plusone.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(po, s); })();

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  • extension-base file associations

    - by Maurice Perry
    Hi there, I am using ubuntu 9.10, and I would like to associate thunderbird to all the files with the extension .eml. The problem is that is seems that ubuntu is attributing the mime type text/plain to these files, based on their content, which meens that if I set thunderbird as the default application for .eml files, all the other text files (.txt for instance) will be opened with thunderbird. Is it possible to add a rule to impose a mime type based on the file extension, regardless of its content?

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  • Why does my custom Amazon EC2 AMI have limited instance type options?

    - by John
    The Basic 64-bit Amazon Linux AMI has the following instance type options available: Micro Large Extra-Large High-Memory Extra Large ... etc I booted up this AMI as a micro type, made customizations, shut it down, detached the volume, took a snapshot, and registered my own custom AMI: ec2-register –snapshot [snapshot_id] –description "my description" –name "my name" –kernel aki-427d952b That worked. HOWEVER, when I try to create an instance from my custom AMI, only the following instance types are available: Micro Small High-CPU Medium ... which coincidentally are the same instance types available if you try to boot up the 32-bit Amazon image. Why are the available instance types of my custom image varying from the available instance types of the image I based it off of?

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  • Setting up Apache and PHP on Mac OS X Snow Leopard

    - by Martin Bean
    I've recently purchased an Apple iMac. Unfortunately, enabling Apache and PHP has thrown up some problems. I enabled Mac's built-in Web Sharing through System Preferences, at which point I got an output and could add HTML files to my user directory. However, PHP files were being displayed rather than interpreted. I then discovered this is because PHP isn't enabled by default on Mac's Apache set-up. After a quick Google search, I came across this page: http://developer.apple.com/mac/articles/internet/phpeasyway.html I proceeded to the section, Enabling PHP in Apache, copying and pasting the following code snippet into a new Terminal window and hitting Return: set admin_email to (do shell script "defaults read AddressBookMe ExistingEmailAddress") user_www=$HOME/Sites filename=php-test user_index=${user_www}/${filename}.php user_db=${user_www}/${filename}-db.sqlite3 # NOTE: Having a writeable database in your home directory can be a security risk! conf=`apachectl -V | awk -F= '/SERVER_CONFIG/ {print \$2}'| sed 's/"//g'` conf_old=$conf.$$ conf_new=/tmp/php_conf.new touch $user_db chmod a+r $user_index chmod a+w $user_db chmod a+w $user_www echo "Enabling PHP in $conf ..." sed '/#LoadModule php5_module/s/#LoadModule/LoadModule/' $conf | sed "s^[email protected]^<b>\$admin_email</b>^" > $conf_new echo "(Re)Starting Apache ..." osascript <<EOF do shell script "/bin/mv -f $conf $conf_old; /bin/mv $conf_new $conf; /usr/sbin/apachectl restart" with administrator privileges EOF Unfortunately, this has completed thrown Apache and now nothing is being served; instead I'm receiving "Failed to open page" errors because it cannot connect to the server, despite Web Sharing still being active in System Preferences. So therefore I guess my question is this: how can I undo the changes made by the copy-and-pasting of the above code snippet? Admittedly, I don't understand what the above did; I just thought it looked like a Terminal command and tried it. I have no experience in setting up Apache on Mac OS X (and I've only installed XAMPP and WampServer on Windows). So any points on reversing the aforementioned, and then successfully enabling PHP would be great. EDIT: I've discovered, via Console, the following error message is being recorded when trying to browse to 127.0.0.1... (org.apache.httpd) Throttling respawn: Will start in 10 seconds no listening sockets available, shutting down Unable to open logs (org.apache.httpd[13453]) Exited with exit code: 1 Does this point any more to the issue? EDIT #2: I'm now getting this in Console... 15/02/2010 21:24:14 osascript[3597] Error loading /Library/ScriptingAdditions/Adobe Unit Types.osax/Contents/MacOS/Adobe Unit Types: dlopen(/Library/ScriptingAdditions/Adobe Unit Types.osax/Contents/MacOS/Adobe Unit Types, 262): no suitable image found. Did find: /Library/ScriptingAdditions/Adobe Unit Types.osax/Contents/MacOS/Adobe Unit Types: no matching architecture in universal wrapper

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  • Looking for command line interface for setting Index properties for many files

    - by Sherryl
    I'm looking for a way to set a group of File Types to "Index Properties and File Contents" (Control Panel, Indexing Options, Advanced Options, File Types). Basically I'd like to write a batch file that switches that setting for a large group of file types and be able to share it with my entire team. Clicking in the UI is time consuming for everyone. This is a great solution for bringing up the GUI, but I'd like to create a batch file What is the command line for Indexing Options?

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  • Win 7 64-bit - looking for command line interface for setting Index properties for many files

    - by Sherryl
    I'm looking for a way to set a group of File Types to "Index Properties and File Contents" (Control Panel, Indexing Options, Advanced Options, File Types). Basically I'd like to write a batch file that switches that setting for a large group of file types and be able to share it with my entire team. Clicking in the UI is time consuming for everyone. This is a great solution for bringing up the GUI, but I'd like to create a batch file What is the command line for Indexing Options?

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