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• A Task Management System using three Layer Architecture

  This describes three Layer Architecture with example

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• Language parsing to find important words

  - by Matt Huggins

  I'm looking for some input and theory on how to approach a lexical topic. Let's say I have a collection of strings, which may just be one sentence or potentially multiple sentences. I'd like to parse these strings to and rip out the most important words, perhaps with a score that denotes how likely the word is to be important. Let's look at a few examples of what I mean. Example #1: "I really want a Keurig, but I can't afford one!" This is a very basic example, just one sentence. As a human, I can easily see that "Keurig" is the most important word here. Also, "afford" is relatively important, though it's clearly not the primary point of the sentence. The word "I" appears twice, but it is not important at all since it doesn't really tell us any information. I might expect to see a hash of word/scores something like this: "Keurig" => 0.9 "afford" => 0.4 "want" => 0.2 "really" => 0.1 etc... Example #2: "Just had one of the best swimming practices of my life. Hopefully I can maintain my times come the competition. If only I had remembered to take of my non-waterproof watch." This example has multiple sentences, so there will be more important words throughout. Without repeating the point exercise from example #1, I would probably expect to see two or three really important words come out of this: "swimming" (or "swimming practice"), "competition", & "watch" (or "waterproof watch" or "non-waterproof watch" depending on how the hyphen is handled). Given a couple examples like this, how would you go about doing something similar? Are there any existing (open source) libraries or algorithms in programming that already do this?

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• What makes signed integers behave differently?

  - by 000

  In this example of x86_64 hex/disassembled code I see: 48B80000000000000000 mov rax, 0x0 Signed Byte 52 Unsigned Byte 52 Signed Short 14388 Unsigned Short 14388 Signed Int 943863860 Unsigned Int 943863860 Signed Int64 3472328296363079732 Unsigned Int64 3472328296363079732 Float 4.630555e-05 Double 1.39804332763832e-76 String 48B80000000000000000 which to me appears to have the same functionality as: 48C7C000000000 mov rax, 0x0 48C7C000000000 Signed Byte 52 Unsigned Byte 52 Signed Short 14388 Unsigned Short 14388 Signed Int 927152180 Unsigned Int 927152180 Signed Int64 3472328377950746676 Unsigned Int64 3472328377950746676 Float 1.163599e-05 Double 1.39806836023098e-76 String 48C7C000000000 How is the first example treated differently from the second example?

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• Sending mail to local address crashes web server (sendmail)

  - by deceze

  When trying to send mail automatically from a script at example.com via PHP's mail() to [email protected], the Apache server throws an Internal Error. I believe internally it is configured to use sendmail. The message gets dropped into ~/dead.letter and the general error log reads: [Wed May 12 11:26:45 2010] [error] [client xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx] malformed header from script. Bad header=/home/example/dead.letter... S: /home/example/www/test.php Trying any other address, not @example.com, works just fine. I have googled and serverfaulted for solutions, but they all require to edit configuration files in /etc/mail and similar system places, which is not an option, since this problem occurs on a shared host in which I only have access to ~/. Does anyone have a suggestion?

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• Discuss: PLs are characterised by which (iso)morphisms are implemented

  - by Yttrill

  I am interested to hear discussion of the proposition summarised in the title. As we know programming language constructions admit a vast number of isomorphisms. In some languages in some places in the translation process some of these isomorphisms are implemented, whilst others require code to be written to implement them. For example, in my language Felix, the isomorphism between a type T and a tuple of one element of type T is implemented, meaning the two types are indistinguishable (identical). Similarly, a tuple of N values of the same type is not merely isomorphic to an array, it is an array: the isomorphism is implemented by the compiler. Many other isomorphisms are not implemented for example there is an isomorphism expressed by the following client code: match v with | ((?x,?y),?z = x,(y,z) // Felix match v with | (x,y), - x,(y,z) (* Ocaml *) As another example, a type constructor C of int in Felix may be used directly as a function, whilst in Ocaml you must write a wrapper: let c x = C x Another isomorphism Felix implements is the elimination of unit values, including those in tuples: Felix can do this because (most) polymorphic values are monomorphised which can be done because it is a whole program analyser, Ocaml, for example, cannot do this easily because it supports separate compilation. For the same reason Felix performs type-class dispatch at compile time whilst Haskell passes around dictionaries. There are some quite surprising issues here. For example an array is just a tuple, and tuples can be indexed at run time using a match and returning a value of a corresponding sum type. Indeed, to be correct the index used is in fact a case of unit sum with N summands, rather than an integer. Yet, in a real implementation, if the tuple is an array the index is replaced by an integer with a range check, and the result type is replaced by the common argument type of all the constructors: two isomorphisms are involved here, but they're implemented partly in the compiler translation and partly at run time.

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• Duplicate Content Problem due to plugin

  - by Amar Ryder

  Actually i am running website on wordpress where i have installed Transposh plugin on my site 'example'. Unfortunately, despite having English as the default language and therefore available at example.com/xxx, Google is indexing example.com/en/xxx so i m getting problem with duplicate content now i want to remove this plugin and links from google so that my content will be refine without getting duplicate content pages. Do you have any solution to do this safely. I think myself to remove this plugin from website, though it will create 404 errors from google links but i can add redirect code in htaccess till google would remove that "example.com/en/xxx " not found links. If you know any other healthy way to handle this please help me!

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• SQL SERVER – SSAS – Multidimensional Space Terms and Explanation

  - by pinaldave

  I was presenting on SQL Server session at one of the Tech Ed On Road event in India. I was asked very interesting question during ‘Stump the Speaker‘ session. I am sharing the same with all of you over here. Question: Can you tell me in simple words what is dimension, member and other terms of multidimensional space? There is no simple example for it. This is extreme fundamental question if you know Analysis Service. Those who have no exposure to the same and have not yet started on this subject, may find it a bit difficult. I really liked his question so I decided to answer him there as well blog about the same over here. Answer: Here are the most important terms of multidimensional space – dimension, member, value, attribute and size. Dimension – It describes the point of interests for analysis. Member – It is one of the point of interests in the dimension. Value – It uniquely describes the member. Attribute – It is collection of multiple members. Size – It is total numbers for any dimension. Let us understand this further detail taking example of any space. I am going to take example of distance as a space in our example. Dimension – Distance is a dimension for us. Member – Kilometer – We can measure distance in Kilometer. Value – 4 – We can measure distance in the kilometer unit and the value of the unit can be 4. Attribute – Kilometer, Miles, Meter – The complete set of members is called attribute. Size – 100 KM – The maximum size decided for the dimension is called size. The same example can be also defined by using time space. Here is the example using time space. Dimension – Time Member – Date Value – 25 Attribute – 1, 2, 3…31 Size – 31 I hope it is clear enough that what are various multidimensional space and its terms. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: Business Intelligence, PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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• Redirect with .htacess - URL with regex to URL

  - by nicorellius

  I have a temporary need to redirect some installer files on my web site. The redirects that are working now look something like this: Redirect 301 /installer_1.0.0.zip http://www.example.com/download/installer_1.0.3.zip Redirect 301 /installer_1.0.1.zip http://www.example.com/download/installer_1.0.3.zip Redirect 301 /installer_1.0.2.zip http://www.example.com/download/installer_1.0.3.zip I would like to use a regex instead of having multiple lines for each version I need to redirect. I have tried these options with no success: Redirect 301 /installer_(.*).zip http://www.example.com/download/installer_1.0.3.zip Redirect 301 /installer_([0-9+]\.[0-9+]\.[0-9+]).zip http://www.example.com/download/installer_1.0.3.zip Should these work or am I doing something wrong? Thanks.

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• Redirecting to a folder

  - by RN

  Apache2 Plesk 9.x I have a website www.example.com and my blog is on www.example.com/blog I have no content on www.example.com as of now So I want all requests for example.com to be redirected to www.example.com/blog How should I do that ? Is this something I can do in Apache? I am using the GoDaddy DNS server. Not sure if it matters- but I have multiple domains hosted n the same server. And I am using Plesk to manage my virtual hosts.

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• Scheduling thread tiles with C++ AMP

  - by Daniel Moth

  This post assumes you are totally comfortable with, what some of us call, the simple model of C++ AMP, i.e. you could write your own matrix multiplication. We are now ready to explore the tiled model, which builds on top of the non-tiled one. Tiling the extent We know that when we pass a grid (which is just an extent under the covers) to the parallel_for_each call, it determines the number of threads to schedule and their index values (including dimensionality). For the single-, two-, and three- dimensional cases you can go a step further and subdivide the threads into what we call tiles of threads (others may call them thread groups). So here is a single-dimensional example: extent<1> e(20); // 20 units in a single dimension with indices from 0-19 grid<1> g(e);      // same as extent tiled_grid<4> tg = g.tile<4>(); …on the 3rd line we subdivided the single-dimensional space into 5 single-dimensional tiles each having 4 elements, and we captured that result in a concurrency::tiled_grid (a new class in amp.h). Let's move on swiftly to another example, in pictures, this time 2-dimensional: So we start on the left with a grid of a 2-dimensional extent which has 8*6=48 threads. We then have two different examples of tiling. In the first case, in the middle, we subdivide the 48 threads into tiles where each has 4*3=12 threads, hence we have 2*2=4 tiles. In the second example, on the right, we subdivide the original input into tiles where each has 2*2=4 threads, hence we have 4*3=12 tiles. Notice how you can play with the tile size and achieve different number of tiles. The numbers you pick must be such that the original total number of threads (in our example 48), remains the same, and every tile must have the same size. Of course, you still have no clue why you would do that, but stick with me. First, we should see how we can use this tiled_grid, since the parallel_for_each function that we know expects a grid. Tiled parallel_for_each and tiled_index It turns out that we have additional overloads of parallel_for_each that accept a tiled_grid instead of a grid. However, those overloads, also expect that the lambda you pass in accepts a concurrency::tiled_index (new in amp.h), not an index<N>. So how is a tiled_index different to an index? A tiled_index object, can have only 1 or 2 or 3 dimensions (matching exactly the tiled_grid), and consists of 4 index objects that are accessible via properties: global, local, tile_origin, and tile. The global index is the same as the index we know and love: the global thread ID. The local index is the local thread ID within the tile. The tile_origin index returns the global index of the thread that is at position 0,0 of this tile, and the tile index is the position of the tile in relation to the overall grid. Confused? Here is an example accompanied by a picture that hopefully clarifies things: array_view<int, 2> data(8, 6, p_my_data); parallel_for_each(data.grid.tile<2,2>(), [=] (tiled_index<2,2> t_idx) restrict(direct3d) { /* todo */ }); Given the code above and the picture on the right, what are the values of each of the 4 index objects that the t_idx variables exposes, when the lambda is executed by T (highlighted in the picture on the right)? If you can't work it out yourselves, the solution follows: t_idx.global       = index<2> (6,3) t_idx.local          = index<2> (0,1) t_idx.tile_origin = index<2> (6,2) t_idx.tile             = index<2> (3,1) Don't move on until you are comfortable with this… the picture really helps, so use it. Tiled Matrix Multiplication Example – part 1 Let's paste here the C++ AMP matrix multiplication example, bolding the lines we are going to change (can you guess what the changes will be?) 01: void MatrixMultiplyTiled_Part1(vector<float>& vC, const vector<float>& vA, const vector<float>& vB, int M, int N, int W) 02: { 03: 04: array_view<const float,2> a(M, W, vA); 05: array_view<const float,2> b(W, N, vB); 06: array_view<writeonly<float>,2> c(M, N, vC); 07: parallel_for_each(c.grid, 08: [=](index<2> idx) restrict(direct3d) { 09: 10: int row = idx[0]; int col = idx[1]; 11: float sum = 0.0f; 12: for(int i = 0; i < W; i++) 13: sum += a(row, i) * b(i, col); 14: c[idx] = sum; 15: }); 16: } To turn this into a tiled example, first we need to decide our tile size. Let's say we want each tile to be 16*16 (which assumes that we'll have at least 256 threads to process, and that c.grid.extent.size() is divisible by 256, and moreover that c.grid.extent[0] and c.grid.extent[1] are divisible by 16). So we insert at line 03 the tile size (which must be a compile time constant). 03: static const int TS = 16; ...then we need to tile the grid to have tiles where each one has 16*16 threads, so we change line 07 to be as follows 07: parallel_for_each(c.grid.tile<TS,TS>(), ...that means that our index now has to be a tiled_index with the same characteristics as the tiled_grid, so we change line 08 08: [=](tiled_index<TS, TS> t_idx) restrict(direct3d) { ...which means, without changing our core algorithm, we need to be using the global index that the tiled_index gives us access to, so we insert line 09 as follows 09: index<2> idx = t_idx.global; ...and now this code just works and it is tiled! Closing thoughts on part 1 The process we followed just shows the mechanical transformation that can take place from the simple model to the tiled model (think of this as step 1). In fact, when we wrote the matrix multiplication example originally, the compiler was doing this mechanical transformation under the covers for us (and it has additional smarts to deal with the cases where the total number of threads scheduled cannot be divisible by the tile size). The point is that the thread scheduling is always tiled, even when you use the non-tiled model. But with this mechanical transformation, we haven't gained anything… Hint: our goal with explicitly using the tiled model is to gain even more performance. In the next post, we'll evolve this further (beyond what the compiler can automatically do for us, in this first release), so you can see the full usage of the tiled model and its benefits… Comments about this post by Daniel Moth welcome at the original blog.

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• Examples of Liskov Substitution

  - by james lewis

  I'm facilitating a session next week on the Liskov Substitution Principle and I was wondering if anyone had any examples of violations 'from the trenches'? I'm looking for something other than uncle Bob's rectangle - square problem and the persistent set problem he talks about in A-PPP (although that is a great example). So far I'm using the example of a (very simple) List and an IndexedList as the 'correct' use of inheritance. And the addition of a Set to this hierarchy as a violation (as a Set is distinct; strengthening the pre condition of the Add method). I've also taken this great example and it's solution from this question Both those examples are great but I'm looking for something more subtle and harder to spot. So far I've come up with nothing so if you've got a great, subtle example post it up. Also, any metaphors you've come across that helped you understand LSP would be really useful too.

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• Why UFW has to be (re)started at boot time if it's only iptables rule manager?

  - by Tomasz Zielinski

  README from source package says: When installing ufw from source, you will also need to integrate it into your boot process for the firewall to start when you restart your system. Depending on your needs, this can be as simple as adding the following to a startup script (eg rc.local for systems that use it): # /lib/ufw/ufw-init start For systems that use SysV initscripts, an example script is provided in doc/initscript.example. See doc/upstart.example for an Upstart example. Consult your distribution's documentation for the proper way to modify your boot process. On my system I have this: # /etc/ufw/ufw.conf # # Set to yes to start on boot. If setting this remotely, be sure to add a rule # to allow your remote connection before starting ufw. Eg: 'ufw allow 22/tcp' ENABLED=yes So, why does simple iptables rule manager need to be started at boot time? Is there any secret to that, or it merely checks if all rules are in place ?

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• Sharing Authentication Across Subdomains using cookies

  - by Jordan Reiter

  I know that in general cookies themselves are not considered robust enough to store authentication information. What I am wondering is if there is an existing design pattern or framework for sharing authentication across subdomains without having to use something more complex like OpenID. Ideally, the process would be that the user visits abc.example.org, logs in, and continues on to xyz.example.org where they are automatically recognized (ideally, the reverse should also be possible -- a login via xyz means automatic login at abc). The snag is that abc.example.org and xyz.example.org are both on different servers and different web application frameworks, although they can both use a shared database. The web application platforms include PHP, ColdFusion, and Python (Django), although I'm also interested in this from a more general perspective (i.e. language agnostic).

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• How to redirect from one web directory to another with Apache

  - by RN

  Apache2 Plesk 9.x I have a website www.example.com and my blog is on www.example.com/blog I have no content on www.example.com as of now So I want all requests for example.com to be redirected to www.example.com/blog How should I do that ? Is this something I can do in Apache? I am using the GoDaddy DNS server. Not sure if it matters- but I have multiple domains hosted n the same server. And I am using Plesk to manage my virtual hosts.

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• what is the best way to create a blog

  - by jogesh_p

  like usually i have a query related to my blog, but i am bit confuse about a question. i want to know the best way to create a blog. Like: i have a domain, http://www.example.com and i want to create my blog on this domain, but the issue the could i use the sub-domain for my blog like http://blog.example.com or i have to do like http://www.example.com/blog and why beneficial according to SEO.

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• Is it possible to use canonical tag in Blogger posts?

  - by John Sanjay

  I found one of my blog post was cached by Google (www.example.com/post.html). I found that comment page of the post was also cached (www.example.com/post.html?showComment=1372054729698). These two pages are showing in Google SERP when I checked cached posts of my blog. Is it possible to use canonical tag on the post www.example.com/post.html?showComment=1372054729698 so that Google won't penalize my original post? Is there any other ways to redirect a blog post?

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• jrunscript as a cross platform scripting environment

  - by user12798506

  ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????sh????????????UNIX???????????????????sh???????????????????????????????????????????Windows????????????????? sh??????????????find?grep?sed?awk???Windows??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????Windows???Cygwin????????????sh??????Windows??????????????Cygwin????????????????????????????????????????????JDK?????jrunscript?????JavaScript???????????????????????1?????????jrunscript??????????????????? Windows???UNIX??????????????????????? find?grep?sed?awk?????????sh???????????????Windows Script Host??????? Java????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????(?????????????????????????????????????????) ?????????????JDK 6??????????????????????????PC????????????????JDK 6?PC????????????????????????????????????JDK????????????????????????????????????????jrunscript?????????????????????????? ?????jrunscript????JavaScript?????????????????????????????????????????? 1) Windows???UNIX????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????JavaScript???mytool.js???????????????????????jrunscript???????????UNIX????sh???????Windows????bat????????????????????? mytool.sh (UNIX?): #!/bin/sh bindir=$(cd $(dirname $0) && pwd) case "`uname`" in CYGWIN*) bindir=`cygpath -w "$bindir"` ;; esac jrunscript "${bindir}/mytool.js" $* mytool.bat (Windows?): @echo off set bindir=%~dp0 jrunscript "%bindir%mytool.js" %* UNIX??sh????????Cygwin???????????????????????????????????????????js??????????????UNIX?Windows??????????????????????????????? 2) jrunscript??cat, cp, find?grep?????? jrunscript???UNIX?????????????????????????????????? jrunscript JavaScript built-in functions ????UNIX??sh?????????????????????UNIX?????????????????????????????????????????src??????????java????????????enum???????java?????????????????????????????????????????????? find('src', '.*.java', function(f) { grep('enum', f); }); ???????UNIX?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????cp(from, to)??????????????????????????????????????????UNIX??????????? $ cp -r src/* tmp/ ?????????????????????????????????????????find()???????cp -r????????·?????????????????????? function cpr(fromdir, todir, pattern) { if (pattern == undefined) { pattern = ".*"; } var frdir = pathToFile(fromdir).getCanonicalPath(); find(fromdir, pattern, function(f) { // relative dir of file f from 'fromdir'. var relative = f.getParentFile().getCanonicalPath().substring(frdir.length() + 1); var dstdir = pathToFile(todir + "/" + relative); if (!dstdir.exists()) { // Create the destination dir for file f. mkdirs(dstdir); } // Copy file f to 'dstdir'. cp(f, dstdir + "/" + f.getName()); }); } java?????I/O?API??Windows?????????????"/"??????????????????????????????UNIX?Windows?????????????? ????????????exec(cmd)?????????jar???????????????????????????????????????????? $ jrunscript js> exec("jar xvf example.jar") META-INF/ ?????????????µ???B META-INF/MANIFEST.MF ???W?J???????µ???B com/ ?????????????µ???B com/example/ ?????????????µ???B com/example/Bar.class ???W?J???????µ???B com/example/dummy/ ?????????????µ???B com/example/dummy/dummy.txt ?????o???????µ???B com/example/dummy.properties ?????o???????µ???B com/example/Foo.class ???W?J???????µ???B ???exec()?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????Windows????????????I/O??????????????????????????????????BAT????????? errmsg.bat: for /L %%i in (1,1,50) do echo "Error Message count = %%i" 1&2 jrunscript??exec()???????????????18??????????????????????????????????? C:\tmp>jrunscript -e "exec('errmsg.bat')" C:\tmp>for /L %i in (1 1 100) do echo "Error Message count = %i" 1>&2 C:\tmp>echo "Error Message count = 1" 1>&2 : C:\tmp>echo "Error Message count = 18" 1>&2 ? ??? ???????????exec()?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????DataInputStream???????????????????????? $ jrunscript js this["exec"].toString() function exec(cmd) { var process = java.lang.Runtime.getRuntime().exec(cmd); var inp = new DataInputStream(process.getInputStream()); var line = null; while ((line = inp.readLine()) != null) { println(line); } process.waitFor(); $exit = process.exitValue(); } ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????exec()???????????????exec()?????????????????????????????exec()??????? function exec(cmd) { var process = java.lang.Runtime.getRuntime().exec(cmd); var stdworker = new java.lang.Runnable( {run: function() { cat(process.getInputStream()); }}); var errworker = new java.lang.Runnable( {run: function() { cat(process.getErrorStream()); }}); new java.lang.Thread(stdworker).start(); new java.lang.Thread(errworker).start(); return proc.waitFor(); } ???????????????????cat()???????????cat()?InputStreamReader?????????????????????????????????????????????????? 3) JavaScript???????????????? JavaScript?Java???????????????????????JavaScript????????????Ruby?Groovy?Scala???????????????????????????????????????????????10MB?????????????????????????????????????JavaScript????????????????????KB?????????????MB?JAR??????????????????????????JRE?JDK?????????????????????????????????????????

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• SEO for replacing blog content, but keeping the same page URL

  - by cphill

  This might not have any major impact on the SEO, but basically I have random blog at this URL: http://example.com/blog (not a real URL), that I am removing and replacing with a company blog. I want to use the http://example.com/blog URL address, but I'm not sure how this would effect my SEO since this random blog content that I am removing has the example.com/blog URL prefix. Would I just add a 310 redirect for those old blog articles and leave the basic /blog URL without any redirects?

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• Introduction to Human Workflow 11g

  - by agiovannetti

  Human Workflow is a component of SOA Suite just like BPEL, Mediator, Business Rules, etc. The Human Workflow component allows you to incorporate human intervention in a business process. You can use Human Workflow to create a business process that requires a manager to approve purchase orders greater than $10,000; or a business process that handles article reviews in which a group of reviewers need to vote/approve an article before it gets published. Human Workflow can handle the task assignment and routing as well as the generation of notifications to the participants. There are three common patterns or usages of Human Workflow: 1) Approval Scenarios: manage documents and other transactional data through approval chains . For example: approve expense report, vacation approval, hiring approval, etc. 2) Reviews by multiple users or groups: group collaboration and review of documents or proposals. For example, processing a sales quote which is subject to review by multiple people. 3) Case Management: workflows around work management or case management. For example, processing a service request. This could be routed to various people who all need to modify the task. It may also incorporate ad hoc routing which is unknown at design time. SOA 11g Human Workflow includes the following features: Assignment and routing of tasks to the correct users or groups. Deadlines, escalations, notifications, and other features required for ensuring the timely performance of a task. Presentation of tasks to end users through a variety of mechanisms, including a Worklist application. Organization, filtering, prioritization and other features required for end users to productively perform their tasks. Reports, reassignments, load balancing and other features required by supervisors and business owners to manage the performance of tasks. Human Workflow Architecture The Human Workflow component is divided into 3 modules: the service interface, the task definition and the client interface module. The Service Interface handles the interaction with BPEL and other components. The Client Interface handles the presentation of task data through clients like the Worklist application, portals and notification channels. The task definition module is in charge of managing the lifecycle of a task. Who should get the task assigned? What should happen next with the task? When must the task be completed? Should the task be escalated?, etc Stages and Participants When you create a Human Task you need to specify how the task is assigned and routed. The first step is to define the stages and participants. A stage is just a logical group. A participant can be a user, a group of users or an application role. The participants indicate the type of assignment and routing that will be performed. Stages can be sequential or in parallel. You can combine them to create any usage you require. See diagram below: Assignment and Routing There are different ways a task can be assigned and routed: Single Approver: task is assigned to a single user, group or role. For example, a vacation request is assigned to a manager. If the manager approves or rejects the request, the employee is notified with the decision. If the task is assigned to a group then once one of managers acts on it, the task is completed. Parallel : task is assigned to a set of people that must work in parallel. This is commonly used for voting. For example, a task gets approved once 50% of the participants approve it. You can also set it up to be a unanimous vote. Serial : participants must work in sequence. The most common scenario for this is management chain escalation. FYI (For Your Information) : task is assigned to participants who can view it, add comments and attachments, but can not modify or complete the task. Task Actions The following is the list of actions that can be performed on a task: Claim : if a task is assigned to a group or multiple users, then the task must be claimed first to be able to act on it. Escalate : if the participant is not able to complete a task, he/she can escalate it. The task is reassigned to his/her manager (up one level in a hierarchy). Pushback : the task is sent back to the previous assignee. Reassign :if the participant is a manager, he/she can delegate a task to his/her reports. Release : if a task is assigned to a group or multiple users, it can be released if the user who claimed the task cannot complete the task. Any of the other assignees can claim and complete the task. Request Information and Submit Information : use when the participant needs to supply more information or to request more information from the task creator or any of the previous assignees. Suspend and Resume :if a task is not relevant, it can be suspended. A suspension is indefinite. It does not expire until Resume is used to resume working on the task. Withdraw : if the creator of a task does not want to continue with it, for example, he wants to cancel a vacation request, he can withdraw the task. The business process determines what happens next. Renew : if a task is about to expire, the participant can renew it. The task expiration date is extended one week. Notifications Human Workflow provides a mechanism for sending notifications to participants to alert them of changes on a task. Notifications can be sent via email, telephone voice message, instant messaging (IM) or short message service (SMS). Notifications can be sent when the task status changes to any of the following: Assigned/renewed/delegated/reassigned/escalated Completed Error Expired Request Info Resume Suspended Added/Updated comments and/or attachments Updated Outcome Withdraw Other Actions (e.g. acquiring a task) Here is an example of an email notification: Worklist Application Oracle BPM Worklist application is the default user interface included in SOA Suite. It allows users to access and act on tasks that have been assigned to them. For example, from the Worklist application, a loan agent can review loan applications or a manager can approve employee vacation requests. Through the Worklist Application users can: Perform authorized actions on tasks, acquire and check out shared tasks, define personal to-do tasks and define subtasks. Filter tasks view based on various criteria. Work with standard work queues, such as high priority tasks, tasks due soon and so on. Work queues allow users to create a custom view to group a subset of tasks in the worklist, for example, high priority tasks, tasks due in 24 hours, expense approval tasks and more. Define custom work queues. Gain proxy access to part of another user's tasks. Define custom vacation rules and delegation rules. Enable group owners to define task dispatching rules for shared tasks. Collect a complete workflow history and audit trail. Use digital signatures for tasks. Run reports like Unattended tasks, Tasks productivity, etc. Here is a screenshoot of what the Worklist Application looks like. On the right hand side you can see the tasks that have been assigned to the user and the task's detail. References Introduction to SOA Suite 11g Human Workflow Webcast Note 1452937.2 Human Workflow Information Center Using the Human Workflow Service Component 11.1.1.6 Human Workflow Samples Human Workflow APIs Java Docs

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• Why shibboleth IdP idp-metadata.xml recommends 8443 for SOAP?

  - by toma

  After the install.sh of 2.4.0 Shibboleth Identity Server, the idp-metadata.xml file is created. Why is that? Is not enough secure to use the standard HTTPS/443 port? <ArtifactResolutionService Binding="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:1.0:bindings:SOAP-binding" Location="https://idp.example.com:8443/idp/profile/SAML1/SOAP/ArtifactResolution" index="1"/> <ArtifactResolutionService Binding="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:bindings:SOAP" Location="https://idp.example.com:8443/idp/profile/SAML2/SOAP/ArtifactResolution" index="2"/> <SingleLogoutService Binding="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:bindings:SOAP" Location="https://idp.example.com:8443/idp/profile/SAML2/SOAP/SLO" /> <AttributeService Binding="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:1.0:bindings:SOAP-binding" Location="https://idp.example.com:8443/idp/profile/SAML1/SOAP/AttributeQuery"/> <AttributeService Binding="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:bindings:SOAP" Location="https://idp.example.com:8443/idp/profile/SAML2/SOAP/AttributeQuery"/> Thanks, Tamas

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• Design for object with optional and modifiable attributtes?

  - by Ikuzen

  I've been using the Builder pattern to create objects with a large number of attributes, where most of them are optional. But up until now, I've defined them as final, as recommended by Joshua Block and other authors, and haven't needed to change their values. I am wondering what should I do though if I need a class with a substantial number of optional but non-final (mutable) attributes? My Builder pattern code looks like this: public class Example { //All possible parameters (optional or not) private final int param1; private final int param2; //Builder class public static class Builder { private final int param1; //Required parameters private int param2 = 0; //Optional parameters - initialized to default //Builder constructor public Builder (int param1) { this.param1 = param1; } //Setter-like methods for optional parameters public Builder param2(int value) { param2 = value; return this; } //build() method public Example build() { return new Example(this); } } //Private constructor private Example(Builder builder) { param1 = builder.param1; param2 = builder.param2; } } Can I just remove the final keyword from the declaration to be able to access the attributes externally (through normal setters, for example)? Or is there a creational pattern that allows optional but non-final attributes that would be better suited in this case?

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• Webmaster Tools - Preferred Domain and Google entries

  - by xylar

  Our client has two websites with the same content: example.com somethingelse.com When a user searchs in google for "something else" the example.com site appears in the top 10 results on google. What would happen if we switched the preferred domain in webmaster tools to somethingelse.com? Our client is hoping it will replace the "example.com" result with "somethingelse.com" but I assume this is not the case.

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• Sendmail: external alias not receiving relayed mail under certain circumstances.

  - by ben

  I have set up an alias in /etc/mail/aliases like this: user: [email protected] This relay DOES work when I telnet to example.com 25 and send mail to [email protected] (where example.com is my domain); it indeed turns up in [email protected] inbox. Also mail sent from my server at example.com is generally deliverable to this same email address, [email protected]. HOWEVER, the relay DOES NOT work when I send mail from [email protected] to [email protected], expecting it to be relayed back to [email protected]. The mail.log shows it being received and sent just fine, so I guess it is being blocked by gmail for some reason. Why though? As I said, gmail generally does except mail from this server.

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• .htaccess / 301 redirection question

  - by John K

  All my WordPress post URLs generate subdirectories with duplicate content and I do not know what regular expression to use to consistently 301 redirect domain.com/category/post/random-number/ to domain.com/category/post/ and domain.com/category/post/random-number/another-random-number/ also to domain.com/category/post/. Here is an example of my problem: http://www.example.com/features/harb-constitution-not-to-allow-kr-provinces-to-receive-foreign-officials/ http://www.example.com/features/harb-constitution-not-to-allow-kr-provinces-to-receive-foreign-officials/1345257927000/

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• I'm getting 403 forbidden error on my website

  - by user1230090

  I was accessing the directories through cyberduck and also trying to upload files.But now it started showing this forbidden error.I was getting the homepage first,now i dont get that too.Can anyone please tell me how can I get my website back to show [Fri Mar 02 14:36:21 2012] [error] File does not exist: /var/www/vhosts/example.com/httpdocs/bin [Fri Mar 02 14:37:24 2012] [error] File does not exist: /var/www/vhosts/example.com/httpdocs/httpsdocs [Fri Mar 02 14:39:01 2012] [error] (13)Permission denied: file permissions deny server access: /var/www/vhosts/example.com/httpdocs/index.html

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