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• Is my OCZ SSD aligned correctly? (Linux)

  - by Barney Gumble

  I have an OCZ Agility 2 SSD with 40 GB of space. I use it as a system drive in Debian Linux (Squeeze) and in my opinion it's really fast. But I've read a lot on aligning partitions and file systems... And I'm not sure if I succeeded in aligning the partitions correctly. Maybe the SSD could be even faster?? ;-) I use ext4 and here is the output of fdisk -cul: Disk /dev/sda: 40.0 GB, 40018599936 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4865 cylinders, total 78161328 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: [...] Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 73242623 36620288 83 Linux /dev/sda2 73244670 78159871 2457601 5 Extended /dev/sda5 73244672 78159871 2457600 82 Linux swap / Solaris My partitions were created just by the Debian Squeeze setup assistant. So I didn't care about the details of partitioning. But now I think maybe the installer didn't align it correctly? Actually, 2048 looks good to me (better than odd values like 63 or something like that) but I've no idea... ;-) Help plz! According to some "SSD Alignment Calculator" I found on the web, the OCZ SSDs have a NAND Erase Block Size of 512kB and their NAND Page Size is 4kB. 2048 is divisible by 4 and 512. So are the partitions aligned correctly?

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• background jobs and ssh connections

  - by petrelharp

  This question has come up quite a lot (really a lot), but I'm finding the answers to be generally incomplete. The general question is "Why does/doesn't my job get killed when I exit/kill ssh?", and here's what I've found. The first question is: How general is the following information? The following seems to be true for modern Debian linux, but I am missing some bits; and what do others need to know? All child processes, backgrounded or not of a shell opened over an ssh connection are killed with SIGHUP when the ssh connection is closed only if the huponexit option is set: run shopt huponexit to see if this is true. If huponexit is true, then you can use nohup or disown to dissociate the process from the shell so it does not get killed when you exit. If huponexit is false, which is the default on at least some linuxes these days, then backgrounded jobs will not be killed on normal logout. But even if huponexit is false, then if the ssh connection gets killed, or drops (different than normal logout), then backgrounded processes will still get killed. This can be avoided by disown or nohup as in (2). There is some distinction between (a) processes whose parent process is the terminal and (b) processes that have stdin, stdout, or stderr connected to the terminal. I don't know what happens to processes that are (a) and not (b), or vice versa. Final question: How can I avoid behavior (3)? In other words, by default in Debian backgrounded processes run along merrily by themselves after logout but not after the ssh connection is killed. I'd like the same thing to happen to processes regardless of whether the connection was closed normally or killed. Or, is this a bad idea?

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• hosts.deny ignored by MacOSX 10.8

  - by David Holm

  I have been trying to set up my MacOS X Server, which I recently upgraded to Mountain Lion, to use denyhosts as I need to open port 22 to it. denyhosts is set up and adds entries to /etc/hosts.deny so I decided to add my laptops IP to it in order to verify that it actually works but I can still log in and my IP shows up in /private/var/log/system.log. I even rebooted the server once just to be sure there wasn't some service that had to be restarted. I tried the following entries: ALL: <my laptop's IP> sshd: <my laptop's IP> sshd: 127.0.0.1 My /etc/sshd_config has the following parameters set: UsePAM yes UseDNS no I Googled if deny.hosts has been deprecated in OSX 10.7 or 10.8 but I couldn't find any indications that it has. Any ideas of what is going wrong or if there is an alternative way to achieve the same result? Yes, a private key would solve this problem but for the time being I would like to stick to using password authentication. I also like the idea of denyhosts actually blocking access to all services running on the server and not just ssh.

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• How to move your Windows User Profile to another drive in Windows 8

  - by Mark

  I like to have my user folder on a different drive (D:) than my OS is (C:). Reading the following post I decided to give it a try. All went quite well, untill I found out that my Windows 8 Apps won't execute anymore (other than that I didn't noticed any problems). My apps do work, while using an account that isn't moved. In the eventviewer I've found error messages like these: App <Microsoft.MicrosoftSkyDrive> crashed with an unhandled Javascript exception. App details are as follows: Display Name:<SkyDrive>, AppUserModelId: <microsoft.microsoftskydrive_8wekyb3d8bbwe!Microsoft.MicrosoftSkyDrive> Package Identity:<microsoft.microsoftskydrive_16.4.4204.712_x64__8wekyb3d8bbwe> PID:<4452>. The details of the JavaScript exception are as follows Exception Name:<WinRT error>, Description:<Loading the state store failed. > , HTML Document Path:</modernskydrive/product/skydrive/App.html>, Source File Name:<ms-appx://microsoft.microsoftskydrive/jx/jx.js>, Source Line Number:<1>, Source Column Number:<27246>, and Stack Trace: ms-appx://microsoft.microsoftskydrive/jx/jx.js:1:27246 localSettings() ms-appx://microsoft.microsoftskydrive/jx/jx.js:1:51544 _initSettings() ms-appx://microsoft.microsoftskydrive/jx/jx.js:1:54710 getApplicationStatus(boolean) ms-appx://microsoft.microsoftskydrive/jx/jx.js:1:48180 init(object) ms-appx://microsoft.microsoftskydrive/jx/jx.js:1:45583 Application(number, boolean) ms-appx://microsoft.microsoftskydrive/modernskydrive/product/skydrive/App.html:216:13 Anonymous function(object) Using ProcMon, I see a lot of access denied messages, like these: Date & Time: 12-9-2012 9:32:20 Event Class: File System Operation: CreateFile Result: ACCESS DENIED Path: D:\Users\John\AppData\Local\Packages\microsoft.microsoftskydrive_8wekyb3d8bbwe\Settings\settings.dat TID: 2520 Duration: 0.0000149 Desired Access: Read Data/List Directory, Write Data/Add File, Read Control Disposition: OpenIf Options: Sequential Access, Synchronous IO Non-Alert, No Compression Attributes: N ShareMode: None AllocationSize: 0 Any idea how to solve this? I noticed that the app folders e.g.: D:\Users\john\AppData\Local\Packages\microsoft.microsoftskydrive_8wekyb3d8bbwe had a different owner than the old profile folder had. Old profile folder had john as owner where my new profile folder had the Administrators group as owner. Changing this didn't help unfortunately.

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• Unable to get ejabberd prebind to work

  - by cdecker

  I'm trying to get the prebind of BOSH sessions to work. I want to be able to authenticate a user in my CMS and then log him in when he accesses the chat, for this I found https://github.com/smokeclouds/http_prebind, it all works find and I was able to compile it with the following steps: rake configure sed -i 's/AUTH_USER/a_user/g' src/http_prebind.erl sed -i 's/AUTH_PASSWORD/a_password/g' src/http_prebind.erl sed -i 's/EJABBERD_DOMAIN/jabber.my.tld/g' src/http_prebind.erl rake build rake install And then adding the http request bindings to the configuration: {5280, ejabberd_http, [ {request_handlers, [ {["http-prebind"], http_prebind} ]}, %%captcha, http_bind, http_poll, http_prebind, web_admin ]} ]}. As far as I understand it I should now be able to simply request a new session like this: curl -u a_user:a_password http://jabber.my.tld:5280/http-prebind/some_user But no matter what I always get Unauthorized as response. Any idea about this one? PS: I also tried Mod-Http-Pre-Bind, but as it does not require a password I would prefer to use http_prebind. PPS: Does the user with username AUTH_USER and password AUTH_PASSWORD actually have to exist? I'm currently using an admin account.

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• Unable to logon using terminal server connection

  - by satch

  I have several W2K3 SP2 servers, admin TS enabled. I discovered this morning, I was unable to logon into some of them. I've a couple of Citrix servers in different farms, a SAP (IA64) app server and a cvs server. All of them show same sympthoms; remote connections are refused. I've been able to logon locally, and terminal server service is up, there are no users (so connections are not depleted). There are no errors in log in most servers. One of the Citrix ones, reported following errors: Event ID 50 Source TermDD Type Error Description The RDP protocol component X.224 detected an error in the protocol stream and has disconnected the client. and Event ID 1006 Source TermService Type Error Description The terminal server received large number of incomplete connections. The system may be under attack. Anyway, I suppose these errors appear because server isn't working, and Citrix users try to logon massively. (I nmap'ed server and port seems up). I've solved this problem rebooting before, but with so many servers affected it seems like a crappy workaround. Any idea about troubleshooting it properly? Thanks in advance

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• BIOS not detecting working SATA hard drive.

  - by Evan

  Some time ago my power supply died. It's a long story from then till now, but the important bit is that I ended up with a new hard drive and a new power supply. I tested to see if my original hard drive was still alive, and it booted and worked perfectly until I turned it off. When I started it again it would not boot. I bought new SATA cables, assuming that the one I had was not seating properly (it was cheap and wobbly), but no dice. Upon start-up I am presented with a message telling me to insert boot media into the selected drive or add a drive and restart. Neither the new or the old drive is detected by BIOS, my Vista install disk, or from my bootable Linux USB drive. When I remove all of the RAM the computer ceases outputting visual information, and upon reinstalling the ram and starting up again gives me a "failed overclock" error. So, does anyone have an idea as to what might be going on? I'm completely lost at this point.

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• Most cost efficient way to backup Subversion data to S3?

  - by sludge

  I'm looking at using S3 as an offsite backup repo for my Subversion database. When I dump my SVN database, it's about 10 gigabytes. I would like to avoid the charge of uploading that data repeatedly. The anatomy of this large file such that new changes to Subversion modify the tail of the file, with everything else staying the same. Because Amazon S3 does not allow you to "patch" files with changes, I will have to upload ten gigs every time I instantiate a backup after doing a simple submit to Subversion. Here are the options as I see them: Option 1 I am looking at duplicity which has --volsize which splits data over an amount of megs. Is it possible to split the Subversion dumps using this so further incremental backups are measured in megabytes? Option 2 Can I just backup the hot subversion repository? This seems like a bad idea if it is in the middle of writing a submit. However, I have the option of taking the repo offline between the hours of midnight and 4am. Each revision in my Berkeley DB uses a file as its record.

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• Subdocument in Word won't save

  - by ChrisW

  Because I know Word has a history of not liking very large documents (my supervisor specifically told me not to use LaTeX... grr), I decided to learn the Master document / subdocument feature of Word when writing my PhD thesis. I have the title page / table of contents etc in the master document, and each chapter as a separate document. However, when I save the master document, it appears to save all the chapter documents apart from one (Chapter 4), for which it brings up the Save Document dialog box, helpfully with "Chapter4.docx" in the "Save as" box (n.b. Chpater4.dox is not open). Clicking save does nothing, and doesn't make the dialog box go away. Saving as a different document means that my changes aren't reflected in the same document. There must be some reason Word doesn't like this particular document but I've got no idea why - there's nothing special in it that isn't in any of the other chapters. I have tried closing all documents, renaming Chapter4.docx, opening the master document, expanding all documents, OKing the warning that Chapter4.dox does not exist, and inserting the 'new' document, but even when I save the master document it still won't save the new Chapter4 document. If anyone knows any reason why Word is acting like this (or if I'm doing anything stupid), I'll be eternally grateful (p.s. sorry for the long rambling message. It's late; I've been working on my PhD 4.5 years, I really really want to throw this computer out the window, and I hope people are kind enough not to downvote this question because of it's rambling nature!) Update With Word closed, I've tried to delete Chapter4.docx (having made a backup!) - but I get a warning that it can't be deleted because it's open in Microsoft Word... these files are on a network drive and the same problems are happening on 2 different computers. I could login to the filestore through ssh and force the file to be deleted, but I'm curious to know why this is happening!

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• Server 2008 Print Redirection is failing but only on 16Bit apps

  - by ian

  the main programmer for SoEasyAccounting and we are installing to Server 2008 Standard service pack 1. We install to 2003 with no problems. Important to understand that the print failure only happens in certain circumstances: Note: We use a standard Windows printer selection box to choose the printer Terms used Superbase = a program language that uses ntvdm.exe (Windows process hosting 16 bit apps) Local Printer = printing to a driver loaded onto the Server 2008 Redirect Printer = printing to a automatically established remote printer through an RDP connection Printing Scenarios Server 2008 - 1: Print from notepad to a Redirected Printer = works Server 2008 - 2: Print from Superbase to a Local Printer = works Server 2008 - 3: Print from Superbase to a Redirected Printer = fail Server 2003 - 4: Print from Superbase to a Redirected Printer = works Results The print causes a message in the drivers print queue of Local Downlevel Document, no print though and Superbase recognises that the "Print command failed". Eventvwr has no related issues to the print fail Any help greatly appreciated. So far 2 days spent trying to resolve and here goes my weekend :( unless someone has an idea :) Things I have Tried i. Switching on/off Easy print ii. Loading copy of redirected driver on server

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• reset locale in debian under Squeeze

  - by si2w

  I have problems with locale in debian. I tried many thing but it doesn't anything for me : locale -a locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: No such file or directory C POSIX en_US.utf8 I try to set en_US.utf8 without success with this :dpkg-reconfigure locales -plow perl: warning: Setting locale failed. perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings: LANGUAGE = "en_US", LC_ALL = (unset), LC_CTYPE = "UTF-8", LANG = (unset) are supported and installed on your system. perl: warning: Falling back to the standard locale ("C"). locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: No such file or directory locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory /usr/bin/locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: No such file or directory /usr/bin/locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory Generating locales (this might take a while)... en_US.UTF-8... done Generation complete. perl: warning: Setting locale failed. perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings: LANGUAGE = "en_US", LC_ALL = (unset), LC_CTYPE = "UTF-8", LANG = (unset) are supported and installed on your system. perl: warning: Falling back to the standard locale ("C"). perl: warning: Setting locale failed. perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings: LANGUAGE = "en_US", LC_ALL = (unset), LC_CTYPE = "UTF-8", LANG = (unset) are supported and installed on your system. perl: warning: Falling back to the standard locale ("C"). After reboot, i try to use a perl script : perl: warning: Setting locale failed. perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings: LANGUAGE = "en_US", LC_ALL = (unset), LC_CTYPE = "UTF-8", LANG = "en_US.UTF-8" are supported and installed on your system. perl: warning: Falling back to the standard locale ("C"). Here is my /etc/default/locale config file : cat /etc/default/locale LANG=en_US.UTF-8 LANGUAGE=en_US Any idea to solve this (stupid) problem ? Thanks

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• Desktop PC does not power up on power button

  - by hIpPy

  When I press the power button on my desktop, it does not power up completely. Before I press the power button, I see lights on the motherboard. Everything is normal. On power button press, the fans on the cpu, graphics card and motherboard start to spin a little for a second or two and then they stop. No beeps during this process. It has been doing this for a while now but it used to start up after some trials. Once it starts up, I have NO issues at all like random shutdowns so it is not an issue with OS. Update: I left the desktop off for a few days and it started. I'm just guessing here but it seems as if the PSU (Antec TP2-550ATX) is dying out and does not have enough power now - just a guess. It's an old desktop assembled in 2005 but I have maintained it well. Update: I always keep the desktop running and I never shut it down. During updates or manual restarts, it powers up without issues. I wonder if this sheds lights on the issue. Any idea how I can narrow down the issue? ex: if I can find if the PSU is dying etc. I'd really like to fix the issue. Please help. Thanks. Below is the complete configuration. DFI LAN-Party UT NF4 Ultra-D 6/23 {6.70}, Evercool EC-VC-RE 41/47C, AMD Opteron 170 2.0GHz {1.3.2.16} 1.312V 36/41C, ThermalRight SI-120, Panaflo 120×38mm OCZ Platinum 2×1GB 200MHz 2.66V 3-3-2-7 1T XFX 7800GTX 256MB 475/1250MHz {91.31}, Zalman VF900 Cu led 41/56C WD Caviar 320GB 7200RPM 16MB SATA 3Gb/s Antec TP2-550ATX Antec P180 WinXP sp3 Logitech MX310 Razer Mantis Speed BenQ FP91G+ 19" LCD 8ms DVI Creative Audigy2 ZS {4.42} BenQ DW1640 Logitech z-5300e 5.1 280W Legend: Driver versions: {} User settings: [] Voltage: V Wattage: W Temperature: C (Celsius) min/max

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• Setting the default permissions for files uploaded via FTP to a directory

  - by Kerri

  Disclaimer: I'm just a web designer/coder, and server admin stuff is my weakest point of them all. So be easy on me (and very specific). I'm using a simple CMS (Unify) on a site, where part of the functionality is that the client can upload files to a specified directory (using FTP). The permissions for the upload directory are set to 755. But when files are uploaded through the interface, they are uploaded with permissions set to 640 (instead of 644), so site visitors cannot acces the files. When I emailed the CMS's support about this, they told me that it was a server setting, and I need to make sure that files uploaded through FTP are set to 644. Makes perfect sense, but I have no idea how to do this. Any help would be greatly appreciated. This site is a shared site hosted by Network Solutions (Unix), so my access options are limited. I can edit .htaccess files, and php.ini, but that's about all I have access to. It appears I can't even log on via shell. ETA: 11/11/2010 Thanks all. I was able to work around this problem by setting up the CMS's settings in a different way. I'd be interested in following up on Nick O'Niel's suggestions, because I think he's on the right track, but unfortunately I can't access the necessary files on this particular server. So, anyway, I'm leaving this open, since the original questions isn't exactly resolved. Unfortunately, I probably can't put a correct answer to the test, since the shared server in question has nearly all of its config files tightly locked down.

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• Tomato/DD-WRT router to act as switch & only NAT some port

  - by fseto

  BACKGROUND: I have a device that must use a real IP address. Currently, my ISP uses DHCP and I can have up to 4 real IP address assigned. However, the cable modem only have 1 ethernet port and it's connected to my router (running Tomato, but can run DD-wrt or other Openwrt if required). Question stems from how I can connect the additional device, requiring a real IP? EASY SOLUTION: would be to get a switch and connect to the CM, Router, and Device. But alas, I want to avoid this route, since: my wiring cabinet in my home is drawing lots of power and heat already Device will be unprotected by any firewall unable to monitor the traffic to/from device. Besides, what would be the FUN in that? =) IDEA: So what I want to do is to configure the router, so that one of the switchport is removed from the normal br0 bridge. Instead, I want to make it behave like a switch on the WAN port. What's the best way of doing this? Should I create another bridge on the WAN & the device port? Can a single port belongs to two bridges? or would I need to create a subinterface first? Would I need a DHCP-relay? Am I expecting too much from my poor cheapie router? +------+ | CM | +--++--+ || +----WAN---------------+ | / \ Router | | BR1? BR0 | | | \ | | | {NAT} | | | / | | \ | +-P0----P1-P2-P3-Wifi--+ | +------+ |Device| +------+

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• Default /server-status location not inheriting in Apache

  - by rmalayter

  I'm having a problem getting /server-status to work Apache 2.2.14 on Ubuntu Server 10.04.1. The default symlinks for status.load and status.conf are present in /etc/apache2/mods-enabled. The status.conf does include the location /server-status and appropriate allow/deny directives. However, the only vhost I have in sites-enabled looks like this. The idea is to proxy anything with a Tomcat URL to a cluster of tomcats, and anything else to an IIS box. However, this seems to result in requests to /server-status being sent to IIS. Copying the /server-status in explicitly to the Vhost configuration doesn't seem to help, no matter what order I use. Is it possible to include /server-status do this within a vhost configuration that has a "default" proxy rule?: <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost DocumentRoot /var/www Header add Set-Cookie "ROUTEID=.%{BALANCER_WORKER_ROUTE}e; path=/" env=BALANCER_ROUTE_CHANGED <Proxy balancer://tomcatCluster> BalancerMember ajp://qa-app1:8009 route=1 BalancerMember ajp://qa-app2:8009 route=2 ProxySet stickysession=ROUTEID </Proxy> <ProxyMatch "^/(mytomcatappA|mytomcatappB)/(.*)" > ProxyPassMatch balancer://tomcatCluster/$1/$2 </ProxyMatch> #proxy anything that's not a tomcat URL to IIS on port 80 <Proxy /> ProxyPass http://qa-web1/ </Proxy>

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• LYNC 2010 Dial-In in Meeting DTMF issue

  - by user140116

  We are facing an issue in the LYNC2010 dial-in to a meeting. We redirect an Asterisk number to LYNC, whitch connects successfully in the dial-in plan of LYNC. After calling from external network to the given number, we hear LYNC aswering and prompting us to enter the PIN and afterwards the hash key. I should mention that all other dials to LYNC from Asterisk and vise versa are routed successfully. Also all DTMF we send to Asterisk from the phone (IVR, Extension, PIN etc) are routed also fine Afterwards we press the appropriate pin folowed by the hash keyand we get 'Sorry I can't find meeting with that number' Some pros mentioned that it might be dtmfmode=RFC2833 or dtmfmode=auto in Asterisk (All checked and tried). Some pros mentioned, that there is a problem in geeral in LYNC and DTMF (even with Cisco Call Manager). Some other pros mentioned that chack box 'Enable refer support' in Voice Routinh\Trunk Configuration' in LYNC has to be unchecked (Also tested). The problem stil remains and there is no way to enter a meeting room by dial-in. ANY idea would be appreciated!!!!!!!!

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• Administrative shares in Windows 7 Pro not visible

  - by Chris Tybur

  My desktop machine has a clean install of Windows 7 Professional. For some reason the standard administrative shares Admin$, C$, D$, etc are not visible, either in Computer Management - Shared Folders - Shares or via net share. I also have a laptop with a clean install of Windows 7 Professional, and I can see the admin shares in both places. As such, I can map to \\laptop\c$ from the desktop, but I can't map to \\desktop\c$ from the laptop. I pretty much took the defaults during the Windows 7 installations. I've tried adding LocalAccountTokenFilterPolicy to the registry on the desktop, but that didn't work. On the desktop I've also disabled UAC, turned off Windows firewall, removed it from a homegroup, made sure file and printer sharing is turned on, but nothing has worked. There is some subtle difference between the two machines that I can't seem to find. I'm logging into both machines using a local account that is in the Administrators group. Both accounts have the same name and password. I really don't want to have to create a new share for the desktop's C drive, especially since C$ is visible and working on the laptop and therefore I should be able to make it work on the desktop. Any idea why the admin shares would work on one machine and not another? Or why LocalAccountTokenFilterPolicy would fail?

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• Custom keyboard map is causing issues with stuck keys

  - by Grumbel

  I have a Microsoft Ergonomic 4000 keyboard and I am running a custom keymap (dvorak with some stuff for umlauts): http://pingus.seul.org/~grumbel/tmp/md5/b054e11505c88e1bfc6ebd5da46bdb78-xmodmap_pke http://pingus.seul.org/~grumbel/tmp/md5/f5e42a5b8ba4a034c5945f719b3d2608-xmodmap_pm This used to work fine for years and it still does, except that I am now having issues with a stuck Mode_switch key. When I hit Control_R and Mode_switch at the same time (happens a lot by accident), the Mode_switch key gets into a 'stuck' state, all letters I type afterwards come out in their umlaut form as if Mode_switch is pressed. I can unstuck the Mode_switch by again hitting Control_R and Mode_switch at the same time, but that leaves Gnome in a broken state where it doesn't react to my Gnome keyboard shortcuts any longer. The key presses themselves are still registered by the window manager as one can see changes in the applications (cursor in Gnome Terminal will turn into an unfilled rect, as if the application lost focus), but don't trigger the bound action. Does anybody have a clue what could be causing this? Or does anybody has an idea how I could debug this? xev doesn't seem to help here, as it is reporting normal KeyPress/KeyRelease events, even when the key is stuck. Also the Gnome key bindings don't get reported at all when its in the 'broken' state. I assume they are captured by the window manager before they even reach xev. I am using Ubuntu 10.04 with Gnome and Metacity, I have disabled all OpenGL related effects, so Compiz shouldn't interfere. Some general info on which applications are involved in Gnomes key binding handling would be helpful as well, as I assume its metacity, but restarting metacity doesn't fix the issue.

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• Debian, 2 NICs load-balancing or agregating with one same gateway

  - by pouney

  Hi, I have one server, with double NICs connected to one switch with the same gateway. Behind the switch we have internet. |Debian| - eth0 - switch - internet - eth1 - same I don't understand how to load-balancing between eth0 and eth1. The inbound/outbound traffic always use eth1. This is the config: # The primary network interface allow-hotplug eth0 auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 192.168.248.82 netmask 255.255.255.240 network 192.168.248.80 broadcast 192.168.248.95 gateway 192.168.248.81 allow-hotplug eth1 auto eth1 iface eth1 inet static address 192.168.248.83 netmask 255.255.255.240 network 192.168.248.80 broadcast 192.168.248.95 gateway 192.168.248.81 Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192.168.248.80 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.240 U 0 0 0 eth1 192.168.248.80 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.240 U 0 0 0 eth0 0.0.0.0 192.168.248.81 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth1 0.0.0.0 192.168.248.81 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 Ips aren't real, it's just for the example. Anybody have an idea on correct routing to use eth0 on 192.168.248.82 and eth1 on 192.168.248.83 ? I have many example for multiple gateway but here it's the same. Thanks all. Regards

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• Postfix message ID originating process?

  - by Anders Braüner Nielsen

  Last night my postfix mail server(Debian Squeeze with dovecot, roundcube, opendkim and spamassassin enabled) started sending out spam from a single domain of mine like these: $cat mail.log|grep D6930B76EA9 Jul 31 23:50:09 myserver postfix/pickup[28675]: D6930B76EA9: uid=65534 from=<[email protected]> Jul 31 23:50:09 myserver postfix/cleanup[27889]: D6930B76EA9: message-id=<[email protected]> Jul 31 23:50:09 myserver postfix/qmgr[7018]: D6930B76EA9: from=<[email protected]>, size=957, nrcpt=1 (queue active) Jul 31 23:50:09 myserver postfix/error[7819]: D6930B76EA9: to=<[email protected]>, relay=none, delay=0.03, delays=0.02/0/0/0, dsn=4.4.2, status=deferred (delivery temporarily suspended: lost connection with mta5.am0.yahoodns.net[66.196.118.33] while sending RCPT TO) The domain in question did not have any accounts enabled but only a catchall alias set through postfixadmin - most emails were send from a specific address I use frequently but some were also sent from bogus addresses. None of the other virtual domains handled by postfix were affected. How can I find out what process was feeding postfix/sendmail or more info on where they originated? As far as I can tell php mail() wasn't used and I've run several open relay tests. I did a little tinkering(removed winbind from the server and ipv6 addresses from main.cf) after the attack and it seems to have subsided but I still have no idea how my server was suddenly sending out spam. Maybe I fixed it - maybe I didn't. Can anyone help figuring out how I was compromised? Anywhere else I should look? I've run Linux Malware Detect on recently changed files but nothing found.

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• unable to recover data from failed hdd

  - by Eslam Elyamany

  my hdd failing (or maybe totally dead) i've connected the hdd via USB but it doesn't appear in fdisk Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders, total 976773168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disk identifier: 0xe9fb38fb Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 206847 102400 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda2 206848 40959999 20376576 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda4 40962046 976771071 467904513 5 Extended Partition 4 does not start on physical sector boundary. /dev/sda5 82913280 86910975 1998848 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda6 86913024 394113023 153600000 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda7 40962048 82913279 20975616 83 Linux /dev/sda8 394122708 976768064 291322678+ 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT Partition 8 does not start on physical sector boundary. no sdc appears here , BUT it's appears on /dev/ rootghost-lap:/home/ghost# ls /dev/sd* /dev/sda /dev/sda2 /dev/sda5 /dev/sda8 /dev/sdb /dev/sdc1 /dev/sdc2 /dev/sdc6 /dev/sdc8 /dev/sda1 /dev/sda4 /dev/sda6 /dev/sda9 /dev/sdc /dev/sdc10 /dev/sdc5 /dev/sdc7 /dev/sdc9 also it appears in proc Code: rootghost-lap:/home/ghost# cat /proc/partitions major minor #blocks name 8 0 488386584 sda 8 1 102400 sda1 8 2 20376576 sda2 8 4 1 sda4 8 5 1998848 sda5 8 6 153600000 sda6 8 8 291322678 sda8 8 9 20975616 sda9 11 0 1048575 sr0 11 1 99136 sr1 8 32 244198583 sdc 8 33 14651248 sdc1 8 34 1 sdc2 8 37 15380480 sdc5 8 38 4153344 sdc6 8 39 48829536 sdc7 8 40 48829536 sdc8 8 41 110374551 sdc9 8 42 1975963 sdc10 and dmesg : [10604.777168] end_request: I/O error, dev sdc, sector 1 [10604.817238] sd 26:0:0:0: [sdc] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE [10604.817243] sd 26:0:0:0: [sdc] Sense Key : Aborted Command [current] [10604.817248] sd 26:0:0:0: [sdc] Add. Sense: No additional sense information [10604.817253] sd 26:0:0:0: [sdc] CDB: Read(10): 28 00 00 00 00 02 00 00 06 00 ok now , let's see what i've tried testdisk to check for partitions -- failed dd to copy data from /dev/sdcX -- provide strange output size for example /dev/sdc1 is about 15G , the output for dd is 62G+ so i had to cancle it safecopy successfully made an image for partitons , but can't fix images, can't mount it, can't do any thing with it and some other tools i've tried and all failed , so any idea ?

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• How can I backup entire installations of a program, instead of just manually backing up individual f

  - by NoCatharsis

  It seems pretty straightforward to backup individual files, such as pictures, saved games, or settings files - just copy them straight over to your 2nd HDD or to an online service like DropBox. However, is there any way to backup entire installations of a program? For instance, my Firefox directory has a lot of personal customizations and add-ons. I don't want to go through each item and decide to back it up or let it go. So my next option is to copy out the entire directory for backup. But, if I copy the entire directory back onto the HD after a format, it is not an integrated installation and this seems like it could be troublesome. I would assume Windows cannot detect the directory for uninstallation, or would not let you choose Firefox as your default browser, right? I'm no pro, but this sounds like a bad idea. So my question is whether there is a good way to preserve all necessary files, while also preserving the full installation process of an application. This is not specific to Firefox - I would like to know how to do this for any application. Thank you.

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• Hyper-V vss-writer not making current copies

  - by Martinnj

  I'm using diskshadow to backup live Hyper-V machines on a Windows 2008 server. The backup consists of 3 scripts, the first will create the shadow copies and expose them, the second uses robocopy to copy them to a remote location and the third unexposes the shadow copies again. The first script – the one that runs correctly but fails to do what it's supposed to: # DiskShadow script file to backup VM from a Hyper-V host # First, delete any shadow copies of the drives. System Drives needs to be included. Delete Shadows volume C: Delete Shadows volume D: Delete Shadows volume E: #Ensure that shadow copies will persist after DiskShadow has run set context persistent # make sure the path already exists set verbose on begin backup add volume D: alias VirtualDisk add volume C: alias SystemDrive # verify the "Microsoft Hyper-V VSS Writer" writer will be included in the snapshot # NOTE: The writer GUID is exclusive for this install/machine, must be changed on other machines! writer verify {66841cd4-6ded-4f4b-8f17-fd23f8ddc3de} create end backup # Backup is exposed as drive X: make sure your drive letter X is not in use Expose %VirtualDisk% X: Exit The next is just a robocopy and then an unexpose. Now, when I run the above script, I get no errors from it, except that the "BITS" writer has been excluded because none of its components are included. That's okay because I really only need the Hyper-V writer. Also I double checked the GUID for the writer, it's correct. During the time when the Hyper-V writer becomes active, 2 things will happen on the guest machines: The Debian/Linux machine will go to a saved state and restore when done, all fine. The Windows guests will "creating vss snapshop-sets" or something similar. Then X: gets exposed and I can copy the .vhd files over. The problem is, for some reason, the VHD files I get over seems to be old copies, they miss files, users and updates that are on the actual machines. I also tried putting the machines in a saved sate manually, didn't change the outcome. I hope someone here has an idea of how to solve this.

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• Requests per second slower when using nginx for load balancing

  - by Ed Eliot

  I've set up nginx as a load balancer that reverse proxies requests to 2 Apache servers. I've benchmarked the setup with ab and am getting approx 35 requests per second with requests distributed between the 2 backend servers (not using ip_hash). What is confusing me is that if I query either of the backend servers directly via ab I get around 50 requests per second. I've experimented with a number of different values in ab the most common being 1000 requests with 100 concurrent connections. Any idea why traffic distributed across 2 servers would result in fewer requests per second than hitting either directly? Additional info: I've experimented with worker_processes values of between 1 and 8, worker_connections between 1024 and 8092 and have also tried keepalive 0 and 65. My main conf currently looks like this: user www-data; worker_processes 1; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log; pid /var/run/nginx.pid; worker_rlimit_nofile 8192; events { worker_connections 2048; use epoll; } http { include /etc/nginx/mime.types; sendfile on; keepalive_timeout 0; tcp_nodelay on; gzip on; gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6]\.(?!.*SV1)"; include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf; include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*; } I've got one virtual host (in sites available) that redirects everything under / to 2 backends across a local network.

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• Issues with VSFTPD / FTP on Linux Ubuntu server - Steps for Troubleshooting?

  - by jnolte

  I am dealing with an issue I am unclear on how to resolve and have been pulling my hair out for some time. I have been trying to configure an FTP user using the following (we use this same documentation on all servers) Install FTP Server apt-get install vsftpd Enable local_enable and write_enable to YES and anonymous user to NO in /etc/vsftpd.conf restart - service vsftpd restart - to allow changes to take place Add WordPress User for FTP access in WP Admin Create a fake shell for the user add "usr/sbin/nologin" to the bottom of the /etc/shells file Add a FTP user account useradd username -d /var/www/ -s /usr/sbin/nologin passwd username add these lines to the bottom of /etc/vsftpd.conf - userlist_file=/etc/vsftpd.userlist - userlist_enable=YES - userlist_deny=NO Add username to the list at top of /etc/vsftpd.userlist restart vsftpd "service vsftpd restart" make sure firewall is open for ftp "ufw allow ftp" allow modify the /var/www directory for username "chown -R /var/www I have also went through everything listed on this post and no luck. I am getting connection refused. Sorry for the poor text formatting above. I think you get the idea. This is something we do over and over and for some reason it is not cooperating here. Setup is Ubuntu 12.04LTS and VSFTPD v2.3.5 Thank you in advance.

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