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  • question about random select

    - by davit-datuashvili
    here is code print number in decreasing order import java.util.*; public class select { public static void Select(int m,int n){ Random r=new Random(); if (m>0) if (r.nextInt(0x3fff8001) % n <m ){ System.out.println(n-1); Select(m-1,n-1); } else{ Select(m,n-1); } } public static void main(String[]args){ int m=35; int n=200; Select(m,n); } } and question is how to changes code such that print number in increasing order? please help

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  • How to update off screen bitmap in a surfaceview thread

    - by DKDiveDude
    I have a Surfaceview thread and an off canvas texture bitmap that is being generated (changed), first row (line), every frame and then copied one position (line) down on regular surfaceview bitmap to make a scrolling effect, and I then continue to draw other things on top of that. Well that is what I really want, however I can't get it to work even though I am creating a separate canvas for off screen bitmap. It is just not scrolling at all. I other words I have a memory bitmap, same size as Surfaceview canvas, which I need to scroll (shift) down one line every frame, and then replace top line with new random texture, and then draw that on regular Surfaceview canvas. Here is what I thought would work; My surfaceChanged where I specify bitmap and canvasses and start thread: @Override public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) { intSurfaceWidth = mSurfaceView.getWidth(); intSurfaceHeight = mSurfaceView.getHeight(); memBitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(intSurfaceWidth, intSurfaceHeight, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888); memCanvas = new Canvas(memCanvas); myThread = new MyThread(holder, this); myThread.setRunning(true); blnPause = false; myThread.start(); } My thread, only showing essential middle running part: @Override public void run() { while (running) { c = null; try { // Lock canvas for drawing c = myHolder.lockCanvas(null); synchronized (mSurfaceHolder) { // First draw off screen bitmap to off screen canvas one line down memCanvas.drawBitmap(memBitmap, 0, 1, null); // Create random one line(row) texture bitmap memTexture = Bitmap.createBitmap(imgTexture, 0, rnd.nextInt(intTextureImageHeight), intSurfaceWidth, 1); // Now add this texture bitmap to top of off screen canvas and hopefully bitmap memCanvas.drawBitmap(textureBitmap, intSurfaceWidth, 0, null); // Draw above updated off screen bitmap to regular canvas, at least I thought it would update (save changes) shifting down and add the texture line to off screen bitmap the off screen canvas was pointing to. c.drawBitmap(memBitmap, 0, 0, null); // Other drawing to canvas comes here } finally { // do this in a finally so that if an exception is thrown // during the above, we don't leave the Surface in an // inconsistent state if (c != null) { myHolder.unlockCanvasAndPost(c); } } } } For my game Tunnel Run. Right now I have a working solution where I instead have an array of bitmaps, size of surface height, that I populate with my random texture and then shift down in a loop for each frame. I get 50 frames per second, but I think I can do better by instead scrolling bitmap.

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  • Object Oriented Design of a Small Java Game

    - by user2733436
    This is the problem i am dealing with. I have to make a simple game of NIM. I am learning java using a book so far i have only coded programs that deal with 2 classes. This program would have about 4 classes i guess including the main class. My problem is i am having a difficult time designing classes how they will interact with each other. I really want to think and use a object oriented approach. So the first thing i did was design the Pile CLASS as it seemed the easiest and made the most sense to me in terms of what methods go in it. Here is what i have got down for the Pile Class so far. package Nim; import java.util.Random; public class Pile { private int initialSize; public Pile(){ } Random rand = new Random(); public void setPile(){ initialSize = (rand.nextInt(100-10)+10); } public void reducePile(int x){ initialSize = initialSize - x; } public int getPile(){ return initialSize; } public boolean hasStick(){ if(initialSize>0){ return true; } else { return false; } } } Now i need help in designing the Player Class. By that i mean i am not asking for anyone to write code for me as that defeats the purpose of learning i was just wondering how would i design the player class and what would go on it. My guess is that the player class would contain method for choosing move for computer and also receiving the move human user makes. Lastly i am guessing in the Game class i am guessing the turns would be handeled. I am really lost right now so i was wondering if someone can help me think through this problem it would be great. Starting with the player class would be appreciated. I know there are some solutions for this problem online but i refuse to look at because i want to develop my own approach to such problems and i am confident if i can get through this problem i can solve other problems. I apologize if this question is a bit poor but in specific i need help in designing the Player class.

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  • Java Grade Calculator program for class kepp geting the error "Exception in thread "main" java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException." [migrated]

    - by user2880621
    this is my first question I've posted. I've used this site to look at other questions to help with similar problems I've had. After some cursory looking I couldn't find quite the answer I was looking for so I decided to finally succumb and create an account. I am fairly new to java, only a few weeks into my first class. Anyway, my project is to create a program which takes any amount of students and their grades, and then assign them a letter grade. The catch is, however, that it is on a sort of curve and the other grades' letter are dependent on the the highest. Anything equal to or 10 points below the best grade is an a, anything 11-20 points below is a b, and so on. I am to use an array, but I get this error when ran "Exception in thread "main" java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException." I will go ahead and post my code down below. Thanks for any advice you may be able to give. package grade.calculator; import java.util.Scanner; /** * * @author nichol57 */ public class GradeCalculator { /** * @param args the command line arguments */ public static void main(String[] args) { Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in); System.out.println("Enter the number of students"); int number = input.nextInt(); double[]grades = new double [number]; for (int J = number; J >=0; J--) { System.out.println("Enter the students' grades"); grades[J] = input.nextDouble(); } double best = grades[0]; for (int J = 1; J < number; J++) { if (grades[J] >= best){ best = grades[J]; } } for (int J = 0;J < number; J++){ if (grades[J] >= best - 10){ System.out.println("Student " + J + " score is " + grades[J] + " and grade is " + "A"); } else if (grades[J] >= best - 20){ System.out.println("Student " + J + " score is " + grades[J] + " and grade is " + "B"); } else if (grades[J] >= best - 30) { System.out.println("Student " + J + " score is " + grades[J] + " and grade is " + "C"); } else if (grades[J] >= best - 40) { System.out.println("Student " + J + " score is " + grades[J] + " and grade is " + "D"); } else { System.out.println("Student " + J + " score is " + grades[J] + " and grade is " + "F"); } } // end for loop for output }// end main method }

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  • ArrayList of Entites Random Movement

    - by opiop65
    I have an arraylist of entites that I want to move randomly. No matter what I do, they won't move. Here is my female class: import java.awt.Graphics2D; import java.awt.Image; import java.awt.Rectangle; import java.util.Random; import javax.swing.ImageIcon; public class Female extends Entity { static int femaleX = 0; static int femaleY = 0; double walkSpeed = .1f; Random rand = new Random(); int random; int dir; Player player; public Female(int posX, int posY) { super(posX, posY); } public void update() { posX += femaleX; posY += femaleY; } public void draw(Graphics2D g2d) { g2d.drawImage(getFemaleImg(), posX, posY, null); if (Player.showBounds == true) { g2d.draw(getBounds()); } } public Image getFemaleImg() { ImageIcon ic = new ImageIcon("res/female.png"); return ic.getImage(); } public Rectangle getBounds() { return new Rectangle(posX, posY, getFemaleImg().getHeight(null), getFemaleImg().getWidth(null)); } public void moveFemale() { random = rand.nextInt(3); System.out.println(random); if (random == 0) { dir = 0; posX -= (int) walkSpeed; } } } And here is how I update the female class in the main class: public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent ae) { player.update(); for(int i = 0; i < females.size(); i++){ Female tempFemale = females.get(i); tempFemale.update(); } repaint(); } If I do something like this(in the female update method): public void update() { posX += femaleX; posY += femaleY; posX -= walkSpeed; } The characters move with no problem. Why is this?

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  • Adding Polynomials (Linked Lists)......Bug Help

    - by Brian
    I have written a program that creates nodes that in this class are parts of polynomials and then the two polynomials get added together to become one polynomial (list of nodes). All my code compiles so the only problem I am having is that the nodes are not inserting into the polynomial via the insert method I have in polynomial.java and when running the program it does create nodes and displays them in the 2x^2 format but when it comes to add the polynomials together it displays o as the polynomials, so if anyone can figure out whats wrong and what I can do to fix it it would be much appreciated. Here is the code: import java.util.Scanner; class Polynomial{ public termNode head; public Polynomial() { head = null; } public boolean isEmpty() { return (head == null); } public void display() { if (head == null) System.out.print("0"); else for(termNode cur = head; cur != null; cur = cur.getNext()) { System.out.println(cur); } } public void insert(termNode newNode) { termNode prev = null; termNode cur = head; while (cur!=null && (newNode.compareTo(cur)<0)) { prev = null; cur = cur.getNext(); } if (prev == null) { newNode.setNext(head); head = newNode; } else { newNode.setNext(cur); prev.setNext(newNode); } } public void readPolynomial(Scanner kb) { boolean done = false; double coefficient; int exponent; termNode term; head = null; //UNLINK ANY PREVIOUS POLYNOMIAL System.out.println("Enter 0 and 0 to end."); System.out.print("coefficient: "); coefficient = kb.nextDouble(); System.out.println(coefficient); System.out.print("exponent: "); exponent = kb.nextInt(); System.out.println(exponent); done = (coefficient == 0 && exponent == 0); while(!done) { Polynomial poly = new Polynomial(); term = new termNode(coefficient,exponent); System.out.println(term); poly.insert(term); System.out.println("Enter 0 and 0 to end."); System.out.print("coefficient: "); coefficient = kb.nextDouble(); System.out.println(coefficient); System.out.print("exponent: "); exponent = kb.nextInt(); System.out.println(exponent); done = (coefficient==0 && exponent==0); } } public static Polynomial add(Polynomial p, Polynomial q) { Polynomial r = new Polynomial(); double coefficient; int exponent; termNode first = p.head; termNode second = q.head; termNode sum = r.head; termNode term; while (first != null && second != null) { if (first.getExp() == second.getExp()) { if (first.getCoeff() != 0 && second.getCoeff() != 0); { double addCoeff = first.getCoeff() + second.getCoeff(); term = new termNode(addCoeff,first.getExp()); sum.setNext(term); first.getNext(); second.getNext(); } } else if (first.getExp() < second.getExp()) { sum.setNext(second); term = new termNode(second.getCoeff(),second.getExp()); sum.setNext(term); second.getNext(); } else { sum.setNext(first); term = new termNode(first.getNext()); sum.setNext(term); first.getNext(); } } while (first != null) { sum.setNext(first); } while (second != null) { sum.setNext(second); } return r; } } Here is my Node class: class termNode implements Comparable { private int exp; private double coeff; private termNode next; public termNode(double coefficient, int exponent) { coeff = coefficient; exp = exponent; next = null; } public termNode(termNode inTermNode) { coeff = inTermNode.coeff; exp = inTermNode.exp; } public void setData(double coefficient, int exponent) { coefficient = coeff; exponent = exp; } public double getCoeff() { return coeff; } public int getExp() { return exp; } public void setNext(termNode link) { next = link; } public termNode getNext() { return next; } public String toString() { if (exp == 0) { return(coeff + " "); } else if (exp == 1) { return(coeff + "x"); } else { return(coeff + "x^" + exp); } } public int compareTo(Object other) { if(exp ==((termNode) other).exp) return 0; else if(exp < ((termNode) other).exp) return -1; else return 1; } } And here is my Test class to run the program. import java.util.Scanner; class PolyTest{ public static void main(String [] args) { Scanner kb = new Scanner(System.in); Polynomial r; Polynomial p = new Polynomial(); System.out.println("Enter first polynomial."); p.readPolynomial(kb); Polynomial q = new Polynomial(); System.out.println(); System.out.println("Enter second polynomial."); q.readPolynomial(kb); r = Polynomial.add(p,q); System.out.println(); System.out.print("The sum of "); p.display(); System.out.print(" and "); q.display(); System.out.print(" is "); r.display(); } }

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  • Trouble calling a method from an external class

    - by Bradley Hobbs
    Here is my employee database program: import java.util.*; import java.io.*; import java.io.File; import java.io.FileReader; import java.util.ArrayList; public class P { //Instance Variables private static String empName; private static String wage; private static double wages; private static double salary; private static double numHours; private static double increase; // static ArrayList<String> ARempName = new ArrayList<String>(); // static ArrayList<Double> ARwages = new ArrayList<Double>(); // static ArrayList<Double> ARsalary = new ArrayList<Double>(); static ArrayList<Employee> emp = new ArrayList<Employee>(); public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { clearScreen(); printMenu(); question(); exit(); } public static void printArrayList(ArrayList<Employee> emp) { for (int i = 0; i < emp.size(); i++){ System.out.println(emp.get(i)); } } public static void clearScreen() { System.out.println("\u001b[H\u001b[2J"); } private static void exit() { System.exit(0); } private static void printMenu() { System.out.println("\t------------------------------------"); System.out.println("\t|Commands: n - New employee |"); System.out.println("\t| c - Compute paychecks |"); System.out.println("\t| r - Raise wages |"); System.out.println("\t| p - Print records |"); System.out.println("\t| d - Download data |"); System.out.println("\t| u - Upload data |"); System.out.println("\t| q - Quit |"); System.out.println("\t------------------------------------"); System.out.println(""); } public static void question() { System.out.print("Enter command: "); Scanner q = new Scanner(System.in); String input = q.nextLine(); input.replaceAll("\\s","").toLowerCase(); boolean valid = (input.equals("n") || input.equals("c") || input.equals("r") || input.equals("p") || input.equals("d") || input.equals("u") || input.equals("q")); if (!valid){ System.out.println("Command was not recognized; please try again."); printMenu(); question(); } else if (input.equals("n")){ System.out.print("Enter the name of new employee: "); Scanner stdin = new Scanner(System.in); empName = stdin.nextLine(); System.out.print("Hourly (h) or salaried (s): "); Scanner stdin2 = new Scanner(System.in); wage = stdin2.nextLine(); wage.replaceAll("\\s","").toLowerCase(); if (!(wage.equals("h") || wage.equals("s"))){ System.out.println("Input was not h or s; please try again"); } else if (wage.equals("h")){ System.out.print("Enter hourly wage: "); Scanner stdin4 = new Scanner(System.in); wages = stdin4.nextDouble(); Employee emp1 = new HourlyEmployee(empName, wages); emp.add(emp1); printMenu(); question();} else if (wage.equals("s")){ System.out.print("Enter annual salary: "); Scanner stdin5 = new Scanner(System.in); salary = stdin5.nextDouble(); Employee emp1 = new SalariedEmployee(empName, salary); printMenu(); question();}} else if (input.equals("c")){ for (int i = 0; i < emp.size(); i++){ System.out.println("Enter number of hours worked by " + emp.get(i) + ":"); } Scanner stdin = new Scanner(System.in); numHours = stdin.nextInt(); System.out.println("Pay: " + emp1.computePay(numHours)); System.out.print("Enter number of hours worked by " + empName); Scanner stdin2 = new Scanner(System.in); numHours = stdin2.nextInt(); System.out.println("Pay: " + emp1.computePay(numHours)); printMenu(); question();} else if (input.equals("r")){ System.out.print("Enter percentage increase: "); Scanner stdin = new Scanner(System.in); increase = stdin.nextDouble(); System.out.println("\nNew Wages"); System.out.println("---------"); // System.out.println(Employee.toString()); printMenu(); question(); } else if (input.equals("p")){ printArrayList(emp); printMenu(); question(); } else if (input.equals("q")){ exit(); } } } Here is one of the class files: public abstract class Employee { private String name; private double wage; protected Employee(String name, double wage){ this.name = name; this.wage = wage; } public String getName() { return name; } public double getWage() { return wage; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public void setWage(double wage) { this.wage = wage; } public void percent(double wage, double percent) { wage *= percent; } } And here are the errors: P.java:108: cannot find symbol symbol : variable emp1 location: class P System.out.println("Pay: " + emp1.computePay(numHours)); ^ P.java:112: cannot find symbol symbol : variable emp1 location: class P System.out.println("Pay: " + emp1.computePay(numHours)); ^ 2 errors I'm trying to the get paycheck to print out but i'm having trouble with how to call the method. It should take the user inputed numHours and calculate it then print on the paycheck for each employee. Thanks!

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  • Calculating for leap year [migrated]

    - by Bradley Bauer
    I've written this program using Java in Eclipse. I was able to utilize a formula I found that I explained in the commented out section. Using the for loop I can iterate through each month of the year, which I feel good about in that code, it seems clean and smooth to me. Maybe I could give the variables full names to make everything more readable but I'm just using the formula in its basic essence :) Well my problem is it doesn't calculate correctly for years like 2008... Leap Years. I know that if (year % 400 == 0 || (year % 4 == 0 && year % 100 != 0)) then we have a leap year. Maybe if the year is a leap year I need to subtract a certain amount of days from a certain month. Any solutions, or some direction would be great thanks :) package exercises; public class E28 { /* * Display the first days of each month * Enter the year * Enter first day of the year * * h = (q + (26 * (m + 1)) / 10 + k + k/4 + j/4 + 5j) % 7 * * h is the day of the week (0: Saturday, 1: Sunday ......) * q is the day of the month * m is the month (3: March 4: April.... January and Feburary are 13 and 14) * j is the century (year / 100) * k is the year of the century (year %100) * */ public static void main(String[] args) { java.util.Scanner input = new java.util.Scanner(System.in); System.out.print("Enter the year: "); int year = input.nextInt(); int j = year / 100; // Find century for formula int k = year % 100; // Find year of century for formula // Loop iterates 12 times. Guess why. for (int i = 1, m = i; i <= 12; i++) { // Make m = i. So loop processes formula once for each month if (m == 1 || m == 2) m += 12; // Formula requires that Jan and Feb are represented as 13 and 14 else m = i; // if not jan or feb, then set m to i int h = (1 + (26 * (m + 1)) / 10 + k + k/4 + j/4 + 5 * j) % 7; // Formula created by a really smart man somewhere // I let the control variable i steer the direction of the formual's m value String day; if (h == 0) day = "Saturday"; else if (h == 1) day = "Sunday"; else if (h == 2) day = "Monday"; else if (h == 3) day = "Tuesday"; else if (h == 4) day = "Wednesday"; else if (h == 5) day = "Thursday"; else day = "Friday"; switch (m) { case 13: System.out.println("January 1, " + year + " is " + day); break; case 14: System.out.println("Feburary 1, " + year + " is " + day); break; case 3: System.out.println("March 1, " + year + " is " + day); break; case 4: System.out.println("April 1, " + year + " is " + day); break; case 5: System.out.println("May 1, " + year + " is " + day); break; case 6: System.out.println("June 1, " + year + " is " + day); break; case 7: System.out.println("July 1, " + year + " is " + day); break; case 8: System.out.println("August 1, " + year + " is " + day); break; case 9: System.out.println("September 1, " + year + " is " + day); break; case 10: System.out.println("October 1, " + year + " is " + day); break; case 11: System.out.println("November 1, " + year + " is " + day); break; case 12: System.out.println("December 1, " + year + " is " + day); break; } } } }

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  • Need help with fixing Genetic Algorithm that's not evolving correctly

    - by EnderMB
    I am working on a maze solving application that uses a Genetic Algorithm to evolve a set of genes (within Individuals) to evolve a Population of Individuals that power an Agent through a maze. The majority of the code used appears to be working fine but when the code runs it's not selecting the best Individual's to be in the new Population correctly. When I run the application it outputs the following: Total Fitness: 380.0 - Best Fitness: 11.0 Total Fitness: 406.0 - Best Fitness: 15.0 Total Fitness: 344.0 - Best Fitness: 12.0 Total Fitness: 373.0 - Best Fitness: 11.0 Total Fitness: 415.0 - Best Fitness: 12.0 Total Fitness: 359.0 - Best Fitness: 11.0 Total Fitness: 436.0 - Best Fitness: 13.0 Total Fitness: 390.0 - Best Fitness: 12.0 Total Fitness: 379.0 - Best Fitness: 15.0 Total Fitness: 370.0 - Best Fitness: 11.0 Total Fitness: 361.0 - Best Fitness: 11.0 Total Fitness: 413.0 - Best Fitness: 16.0 As you can clearly see the fitnesses are not improving and neither are the best fitnesses. The main code responsible for this problem is here, and I believe the problem to be within the main method, most likely where the selection methods are called: package GeneticAlgorithm; import GeneticAlgorithm.Individual.Action; import Robot.Robot.Direction; import Maze.Maze; import Robot.Robot; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Random; public class RunGA { protected static ArrayList tmp1, tmp2 = new ArrayList(); // Implementation of Elitism protected static int ELITISM_K = 5; // Population size protected static int POPULATION_SIZE = 50 + ELITISM_K; // Max number of Iterations protected static int MAX_ITERATIONS = 200; // Probability of Mutation protected static double MUTATION_PROB = 0.05; // Probability of Crossover protected static double CROSSOVER_PROB = 0.7; // Instantiate Random object private static Random rand = new Random(); // Instantiate Population of Individuals private Individual[] startPopulation; // Total Fitness of Population private double totalFitness; Robot robot = new Robot(); Maze maze; public void setElitism(int result) { ELITISM_K = result; } public void setPopSize(int result) { POPULATION_SIZE = result + ELITISM_K; } public void setMaxIt(int result) { MAX_ITERATIONS = result; } public void setMutProb(double result) { MUTATION_PROB = result; } public void setCrossoverProb(double result) { CROSSOVER_PROB = result; } /** * Constructor for Population */ public RunGA(Maze maze) { // Create a population of population plus elitism startPopulation = new Individual[POPULATION_SIZE]; // For every individual in population fill with x genes from 0 to 1 for (int i = 0; i < POPULATION_SIZE; i++) { startPopulation[i] = new Individual(); startPopulation[i].randGenes(); } // Evaluate the current population's fitness this.evaluate(maze, startPopulation); } /** * Set Population * @param newPop */ public void setPopulation(Individual[] newPop) { System.arraycopy(newPop, 0, this.startPopulation, 0, POPULATION_SIZE); } /** * Get Population * @return */ public Individual[] getPopulation() { return this.startPopulation; } /** * Evaluate fitness * @return */ public double evaluate(Maze maze, Individual[] newPop) { this.totalFitness = 0.0; ArrayList<Double> fitnesses = new ArrayList<Double>(); for (int i = 0; i < POPULATION_SIZE; i++) { maze = new Maze(8, 8); maze.fillMaze(); fitnesses.add(startPopulation[i].evaluate(maze, newPop)); //this.totalFitness += startPopulation[i].evaluate(maze, newPop); } //totalFitness = (Math.round(totalFitness / POPULATION_SIZE)); StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); for(Double tmp : fitnesses) { sb.append(tmp + ", "); totalFitness += tmp; } // Progress of each Individual //System.out.println(sb.toString()); return this.totalFitness; } /** * Roulette Wheel Selection * @return */ public Individual rouletteWheelSelection() { // Calculate sum of all chromosome fitnesses in population - sum S. double randNum = rand.nextDouble() * this.totalFitness; int i; for (i = 0; i < POPULATION_SIZE && randNum > 0; ++i) { randNum -= startPopulation[i].getFitnessValue(); } return startPopulation[i-1]; } /** * Tournament Selection * @return */ public Individual tournamentSelection() { double randNum = rand.nextDouble() * this.totalFitness; // Get random number of population (add 1 to stop nullpointerexception) int k = rand.nextInt(POPULATION_SIZE) + 1; int i; for (i = 1; i < POPULATION_SIZE && i < k && randNum > 0; ++i) { randNum -= startPopulation[i].getFitnessValue(); } return startPopulation[i-1]; } /** * Finds the best individual * @return */ public Individual findBestIndividual() { int idxMax = 0; double currentMax = 0.0; double currentMin = 1.0; double currentVal; for (int idx = 0; idx < POPULATION_SIZE; ++idx) { currentVal = startPopulation[idx].getFitnessValue(); if (currentMax < currentMin) { currentMax = currentMin = currentVal; idxMax = idx; } if (currentVal > currentMax) { currentMax = currentVal; idxMax = idx; } } // Double check to see if this has the right one //System.out.println(startPopulation[idxMax].getFitnessValue()); // Maximisation return startPopulation[idxMax]; } /** * One Point Crossover * @param firstPerson * @param secondPerson * @return */ public static Individual[] onePointCrossover(Individual firstPerson, Individual secondPerson) { Individual[] newPerson = new Individual[2]; newPerson[0] = new Individual(); newPerson[1] = new Individual(); int size = Individual.SIZE; int randPoint = rand.nextInt(size); int i; for (i = 0; i < randPoint; ++i) { newPerson[0].setGene(i, firstPerson.getGene(i)); newPerson[1].setGene(i, secondPerson.getGene(i)); } for (; i < Individual.SIZE; ++i) { newPerson[0].setGene(i, secondPerson.getGene(i)); newPerson[1].setGene(i, firstPerson.getGene(i)); } return newPerson; } /** * Uniform Crossover * @param firstPerson * @param secondPerson * @return */ public static Individual[] uniformCrossover(Individual firstPerson, Individual secondPerson) { Individual[] newPerson = new Individual[2]; newPerson[0] = new Individual(); newPerson[1] = new Individual(); for(int i = 0; i < Individual.SIZE; ++i) { double r = rand.nextDouble(); if (r > 0.5) { newPerson[0].setGene(i, firstPerson.getGene(i)); newPerson[1].setGene(i, secondPerson.getGene(i)); } else { newPerson[0].setGene(i, secondPerson.getGene(i)); newPerson[1].setGene(i, firstPerson.getGene(i)); } } return newPerson; } public double getTotalFitness() { return totalFitness; } public static void main(String[] args) { // Initialise Environment Maze maze = new Maze(8, 8); maze.fillMaze(); // Instantiate Population //Population pop = new Population(); RunGA pop = new RunGA(maze); // Instantiate Individuals for Population Individual[] newPop = new Individual[POPULATION_SIZE]; // Instantiate two individuals to use for selection Individual[] people = new Individual[2]; Action action = null; Direction direction = null; String result = ""; /*result += "Total Fitness: " + pop.getTotalFitness() + " - Best Fitness: " + pop.findBestIndividual().getFitnessValue();*/ // Print Current Population System.out.println("Total Fitness: " + pop.getTotalFitness() + " - Best Fitness: " + pop.findBestIndividual().getFitnessValue()); // Instantiate counter for selection int count; for (int i = 0; i < MAX_ITERATIONS; i++) { count = 0; // Elitism for (int j = 0; j < ELITISM_K; ++j) { // This one has the best fitness newPop[count] = pop.findBestIndividual(); count++; } // Build New Population (Population size = Steps (28)) while (count < POPULATION_SIZE) { // Roulette Wheel Selection people[0] = pop.rouletteWheelSelection(); people[1] = pop.rouletteWheelSelection(); // Tournament Selection //people[0] = pop.tournamentSelection(); //people[1] = pop.tournamentSelection(); // Crossover if (rand.nextDouble() < CROSSOVER_PROB) { // One Point Crossover //people = onePointCrossover(people[0], people[1]); // Uniform Crossover people = uniformCrossover(people[0], people[1]); } // Mutation if (rand.nextDouble() < MUTATION_PROB) { people[0].mutate(); } if (rand.nextDouble() < MUTATION_PROB) { people[1].mutate(); } // Add to New Population newPop[count] = people[0]; newPop[count+1] = people[1]; count += 2; } // Make new population the current population pop.setPopulation(newPop); // Re-evaluate the current population //pop.evaluate(); pop.evaluate(maze, newPop); // Print results to screen System.out.println("Total Fitness: " + pop.totalFitness + " - Best Fitness: " + pop.findBestIndividual().getFitnessValue()); //result += "\nTotal Fitness: " + pop.totalFitness + " - Best Fitness: " + pop.findBestIndividual().getFitnessValue(); } // Best Individual Individual bestIndiv = pop.findBestIndividual(); //return result; } } I have uploaded the full project to RapidShare if you require the extra files, although if needed I can add the code to them here. This problem has been depressing me for days now and if you guys can help me I will forever be in your debt.

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  • Choosing random numbers efficiently

    - by Frederik Wordenskjold
    I have a method, which uses random samples to approximate a calculation. This method is called millions of times, so its very important that the process of choosing the random numbers is efficient. I'm not sure how fast javas Random().nextInt really are, but my program does not seem to benefit as much as I would like it too. When choosing the random numbers, I do the following (in semi pseudo-code): // Repeat this 300000 times Set set = new Set(); while(set.length != 5) set.add(randomNumber(MIN,MAX)); Now, this obviously has a bad worst-case running time, as the random-function in theory can add duplicated numbers for an eternity, thus staying in the while-loop forever. However, the numbers are chosen from {0..45}, so a duplicated value is for the most part unlikely. When I use the above method, its only 40% faster than my other method, which does not approximate, but yields the correct result. This is ran ~ 1 million times, so I was expecting this new method to be at least 50% faster. Do you have any suggestions for a faster method? Or maybe you know of a more efficient way of generation a set of random numbers.

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  • best way to pick a random subset from a collection?

    - by Tom
    I have a set of objects in a Vector from which I'd like to select a random subset (e.g. 100 items coming back; pick 5 randomly). In my first (very hasty) pass I did an extremely simple and perhaps overly clever solution: Vector itemsVector = getItems(); Collections.shuffle(itemsVector); itemsVector.setSize(5); While this has the advantage of being nice and simple, I suspect it's not going to scale very well, i.e. Collections.shuffle() must be O(n) at least. My less clever alternative is Vector itemsVector = getItems(); Random rand = new Random(System.currentTimeMillis()); // would make this static to the class List subsetList = new ArrayList(5); for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) { // be sure to use Vector.remove() or you may get the same item twice subsetList.add(itemsVector.remove(rand.nextInt(itemsVector.size()))); } Any suggestions on better ways to draw out a random subset from a Collection?

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  • Media query from a specific folder

    - by sensei
    I would like to understand how I can use a cursor to jpg files in a folder specified in the sdcard. I'm trying to select with a cursor the jpg files in a specific folder, and I tried this: This is the code: public static Uri getRandomImage(ContentResolver resolver) { String[] projection = new String[] { BaseColumns._ID, }; String folder = "/sdcard/DCIM/Wallpaper/"; folder = folder + "%"; Uri uri = Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI; String[] whereArgs = new String[]{folder}; Cursor cursor = resolver.query(uri, projection, null, whereArgs, MediaColumns._ID); if (cursor == null || cursor.getCount() <= 0) { return null; } cursor.moveToPosition(new Random().nextInt(cursor.getCount())); return Uri.withAppendedPath(uri, cursor.getString(0)); } but this code gives me error here is the logcat: E/AndroidRuntime(11986): FATAL EXCEPTION: main E/AndroidRuntime(11986): android.database.sqlite.SQLiteException: bind or column index out of range: handle 0x26a490 E/AndroidRuntime(11986): at android.database.DatabaseUtils.readExceptionFromParcel(DatabaseUtils.java:158) E/AndroidRuntime(11986): at android.database.DatabaseUtils.readExceptionFromParcel(DatabaseUtils.java:114) E/AndroidRuntime(11986): at android.content.ContentProviderProxy.bulkQueryInternal(ContentProviderNative.java:330) E/AndroidRuntime(11986): at android.content.ContentProviderProxy.query(ContentProviderNative.java:366) E/AndroidRuntime(11986): at android.content.ContentResolver.query(ContentResolver.java:245) E/AndroidRuntime(11986): at it.bisemanuDEV.slidepuzzle.SelectImagePreference.getRandomImage(SelectImagePreference.java:126) E/AndroidRuntime(11986): at it.bisemanuDEV.slidepuzzle.TileView.newGame(TileView.java:156) E/AndroidRuntime(11986): at it.bisemanuDEV.slidepuzzle.SlidePuzzleActivity.onOptionsItemSelected(SlidePuzzleActivity.java:377) E/AndroidRuntime(11986): at android.app.Activity.onMenuItemSelected(Activity.java:2762) E/AndroidRuntime(11986): at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindow.onMenuItemSelected(PhoneWindow.java:730) E/AndroidRuntime(11986): at com.android.internal.view.menu.MenuItemImpl.invoke(MenuItemImpl.java:143) E/AndroidRuntime(11986): at com.android.internal.view.menu.MenuBuilder.performItemAction(MenuBuilder.java:855) E/AndroidRuntime(11986): at com.android.internal.view.menu.IconMenuView.invokeItem(IconMenuView.java:532) E/AndroidRuntime(11986): at com.android.internal.view.menu.IconMenuItemView.performClick(IconMenuItemView.java:122) E/AndroidRuntime(11986): at android.view.View$PerformClick.run(View.java:8819) E/AndroidRuntime(11986): at android.os.Handler.handleCallback(Handler.java:603) E/AndroidRuntime(11986): at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:92) E/AndroidRuntime(11986): at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:123) E/AndroidRuntime(11986): at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:4627) E/AndroidRuntime(11986): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method) E/AndroidRuntime(11986): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:521) E/AndroidRuntime(11986): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:868) E/AndroidRuntime(11986): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:626) E/AndroidRuntime(11986): at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)

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  • about Quick Sort

    - by matin1234
    Hi I have written this code but it will print these stack traces in the console please help me thanks! (Aslo "p" and "q" are the first and last index of our array ,respectively) public class JavaQuickSort { public static void QuickSort(int A[], int p, int q) { int i, last = 0; Random rand = new Random(); if (q < 1) { return; } **swap(A, p, rand.nextInt() % (q+1));** for (i = p + 1; i <= q; i++) { if (A[i] < A[p]) { swap(A, ++last, i); } } swap(A, p, last); QuickSort(A, p, last - 1); QuickSort(A, last + 1, q); } private static void swap(int[] A, int i, int j) { int temp; temp = A[i]; **A[i] = A[j];** A[j] = temp; } public static void main(String[] args){ int[] A = {2,5,7,3,9,0,1,6,8}; **QuickSort(A, 0,8 );** System.out.println(Arrays.toString(A)); } } the Stack traces : run: Exception in thread "main" java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException: -3 at JavaQuickSort.swap(JavaQuickSort.java:38) at JavaQuickSort.QuickSort(JavaQuickSort.java:22) at JavaQuickSort.main(JavaQuickSort.java:45) Java Result: 1 BUILD SUCCESSFUL (total time: 2 seconds) I also bold those statements that cause these stack traces. like == ** ...**

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  • Java UnknownFormatConversionException

    - by user1672458
    The code below is throwing this error, and I'm not sure why. It's clearly a problem with outputting String.format to the str variable, but I don't know what's wrong with it. Exception in thread "main" java.util.UnknownFormatConversionException: Conversion = 'i' at java.util.Formatter$FormatSpecifier.conversion(Unknown Source) at java.util.Formatter$FormatSpecifier.<init>(Unknown Source) at java.util.Formatter.parse(Unknown Source) at java.util.Formatter.format(Unknown Source) at java.util.Formatter.format(Unknown Source) at java.lang.String.format(Unknown Source) at Donor.toString(Donor.java:41) at Donor.main(Donor.java:65) - import java.util.Scanner; public class Donor { public String name; public int age; public double donation; Donor() { //Initialized to these values for debugging name = "NoName"; age = 0; donation = 0; } Donor(String nameinit, int ageinit, double donationinit) { name = nameinit; age = ageinit; donation = donationinit; } public String toString() { String str = ""; str = String.format("%s-30%i-6$%d-20", name, age, donation); return str; } public static void main(String[] args) { Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in); String nameinit = null; int ageinit = -1; double donationinit = -1; String outp = null; System.out.print("Enter the donor's name: "); nameinit = input.nextLine(); System.out.print("Enter the donor's age: "); ageinit = input.nextInt(); System.out.print("Enter the donation amount: "); donationinit = input.nextDouble(); Donor d = new Donor(nameinit, ageinit, donationinit); outp = d.toString(); System.out.printf("%s30 %s6 %s10", "Name", "Age", "Donation"); System.out.print("\n" + outp); input.close(); } }

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  • How to scan an array for certain information

    - by Andrew Martin
    I've been doing an MSc Software Development conversion course, the main language of which is Java, since the end of September. We have our first assessed practical coming and I was hoping for some guidance. We have to create an array that will store 100 integers (all of which are between 1 and 10), which are generated by a random number generator, and then print out ten numbers of this array per line. For the second part, we need to scan these integers, count up how often each number appears and store the results in a second array. I've done the first bit okay, but I'm confused about how to do the second. I have been looking through the scanner class to see if it has any methods which I could use, but I don't see any. Could anyone point me in the right direction - not the answer, but perhaps which library it comes from? Code so far: import java.util.Random; public class Practical4_Assessed { public static void main(String[] args) { Random numberGenerator = new Random (); int[] arrayOfGenerator = new int[100]; for (int countOfGenerator = 0; countOfGenerator < 100; countOfGenerator++) arrayOfGenerator[countOfGenerator] = numberGenerator.nextInt(10); int countOfNumbersOnLine = 0; for (int countOfOutput = 0; countOfOutput < 100; countOfOutput++) { if (countOfNumbersOnLine == 10) { System.out.println(""); countOfNumbersOnLine = 0; countOfOutput--; } else { System.out.print(arrayOfGenerator[countOfOutput] + " "); countOfNumbersOnLine++; } } } } Thanks, Andrew

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  • Java the little console game won't repeat?

    - by Jony Kale
    Okay, what I have so far is: You enter the game, and write "spin" to the console. Program will enter the while loop. In the while loop, if entered int is -1, return to the back (Set console input back to "", and let the user select what game he would like to play). Problem: Instead of going back, and selecting "spin" again, the program exits? Why is it happening? How can I fix this? private static Scanner console = new Scanner(System.in); private static Spin spin = new Spin(); private static String inputS = ""; private static int inputI = 0; private static String[] gamesArray = new String[] {"spin", "tof"}; private static boolean spinWheel = false; private static boolean tof = false; public static void main (String[] args) { if (inputS.equals("")) { System.out.println("Welcome to the system!"); System.out.print("Please select a game: "); inputS = console.nextLine(); } while (inputS.equals("spin")) { System.out.println("Welcome to the spin game! Please write 1 to spin. and -1 to exit back"); inputI = console.nextInt(); switch (inputI) { case 1: break; case -1: inputI = 0; inputS = ""; break; } } }

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  • Why wont this compile its killing me. (java)

    - by Ryan The Leach
    import java.util.*; public class Caesar { public static void main(String [] args) { final boolean DEBUG = false; System.out.println("Welcome to the Caesar Cypher"); System.out.println("----------------------------"); Scanner keyboard = new Scanner (System.in); System.out.print("Enter a String : "); String plainText = keyboard.nextLine(); System.out.print("Enter an offset: "); int offset = keyboard.nextInt(); String cipherText = ""; for(int i=0;i<plainText.length();i++) { int chVal = plainText.charAt(i); if (DEBUG) {int debugchVal = chVal;} chVal +=offset; if (DEBUG) {System.out.print(chVal + "\t");} while (chVal <32 || chVal > 127) { if (chVal < 32) chVal += 96; if (chVal > 127) chVal -= 96; if(DEBUG) {System.out.print(chVal+" ");} } if (DEBUG) {System.out.println();} char c = (char) chVal; cipherText = cipherText + c; if (DEBUG) {System.out.println(i + "\t" + debugchVal + "\t" + chVal + "\t" + c + "\t" + cipherText);} } System.out.println(cipherText); } }

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  • How do i change this method to get strings instead of ints

    - by David
    here is the original code: public static int getInt () { Scanner in = new Scanner (System.in) ; if (in.hasNextInt()) { int a = in.nextInt() ; return a ; } else { System.out.println ("try again:") ; return getInt () ; } } This checks and sees if the input it receives is an int. If it is then it returns the int, if not it tells you to try again and re-runs. This is what i tried to do to change it: public static String getIns () { Scanner in = new Scanner (System.in) ; if (in.hasNextString()) { String a = in.nextString() ; return a ; } else { System.out.println ("try again:") ; return getIns () ; } } This doesn't work though. I looked through the documentation for the scanner class and i think the problem is that there is no such method as in.hasNextString or in.nextString What methods from the scanner class can i use to do what i intend these to do?

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  • how to generate unique numbers less than 8 characters long.

    - by loudiyimo
    hi I want to generate unique id's everytime i call methode generateCustumerId(). The generated id must be 8 characters long or less than 8 characters. This requirement is necessary because I need to store it in a data file and schema is determined to be 8 characters long for this id. Option 1 works fine. Instead of option 1, I want to use UUID. The problem is that UUID generates an id which has to many characters. Does someone know how to generate a unique id which is less then 99999999? option 1 import java.util.HashSet; import java.util.Random; import java.util.Set; public class CustomerIdGenerator { private static Set<String> customerIds = new HashSet<String>(); private static Random random = new Random(); // XXX: replace with java.util.UUID public static String generateCustumerId() { String customerId = null; while (customerId == null || customerIds.contains(customerId)) { customerId = String.valueOf(random.nextInt(89999999) + 10000000); } customerIds.add(customerId); return customerId; } } option2 generates an unique id which is too long public static String generateCustumerId() { String ownerId = UUID.randomUUID().toString(); System.out.println("ownerId " + ownerId); return ownerId }

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  • Sudoku Recursion Issue (Java)

    - by SkylineAddict
    I'm having an issue with creating a random Sudoku grid. I tried modifying a recursive pattern that I used to solve the puzzle. The puzzle itself is a two dimensional integer array. This is what I have (By the way, the method doesn't only randomize the first row. I had an idea to randomize the first row, then just decided to do the whole grid): public boolean randomizeFirstRow(int row, int col){ Random rGen = new Random(); if(row == 9){ return true; } else{ boolean res; for(int ndx = rGen.nextInt() + 1; ndx <= 9;){ //Input values into the boxes sGrid[row][col] = ndx; //Then test to see if the value is valid if(this.isRowValid(row, sGrid) && this.isColumnValid(col, sGrid) && this.isQuadrantValid(row, col, sGrid)){ // grid valid, move to the next cell if(col + 1 < 9){ res = randomizeFirstRow(row, col+1); } else{ res = randomizeFirstRow( row+1, 0); } //If the value inputed is valid, restart loop if(res == true){ return true; } } } } //If no value can be put in, set value to 0 to prevent program counting to 9 setGridValue(row, col, 0); //Return to previous method in stack return false; } This results in an ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException with a ridiculously high or low number (+- 100,000). I've tried to see how far it goes into the method, and it never goes beyond this line: if(this.isRowValid(row, sGrid) && this.isColumnValid(col, sGrid) && this.isQuadrantValid(row, col, sGrid)) I don't understand how the array index goes so high. Can anyone help me out?

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  • get Random in ArrayList has error of java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: n must be positive

    - by gabrielle fregil
    In my ArrayList, i have get a random Item from my ArrayList for the equip method. Whenever i use my tester, the terminal window prints java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: n must be positive when I try to call random for the size. I tried to change the value of totalElements to the integer size of the elements, then the error would be an OutOfBoundsExeption import java.util.*; import java.util.Scanner; import java.util.Random; public class GameMaster { private int turn, totalElements; private boolean winner; private Avatar x1; private Avatar x2; private ArrayList<Item> inventory; public GameMaster(Avatar a1, Avatar a2) { x2 = a1; x1 = a2; turn = 1; winner = false; inventory = new ArrayList<Item>(); totalElements = 0; } private void fillInventory() { inventory.add( new Item( "Zealot Blades", true, 8 ) ); inventory.add( new Item( "BFG", true, 13 ) ); inventory.add( new Item( "Synthetic Cloth", false, 7 ) ); // more items inventory.add( new Item( "Gauss Rifle", true, 9 ) ); inventory.add( new Item( "Flight Unit", false, 6 ) ); totalElements = inventory.size(); } public String equip() { Avatar w; String a; if (turn%2==1) w=x2; else w=x1; if (w.beltIsFull()) { a = w.getName() + "'s belt is full. \n"; } else { turn++; Random generator = new Random(); Item rand = inventory.get(generator.nextInt(totalElements)); //terminal window in blueJ: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: n must be positive a = w.getName()+" is equiped with "+rand.getName()+"."; } return a; }

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  • Show random string.

    - by zaid
    i am trying to display a random string each time a button is pressed from a set of strings defined in strings.xml . this is an example of the strings ID's <string name="q0"> <string name="q1"> <string name="q2"> <string name="q3"> <string name="q4"> java code for getting a random string. private static final Random rgenerator = null; int RandomQ = R.string.q0 (rgenerator.nextInt(5) + 1); String q = getString(RandomQ); if i try to use this java code i get an error at "q0" in R.string.q0 which is The method q0(int) is undefined for the type R.string if i try to use the quick fix and create a method, it works. but it wont let me save or run the app because it replaces my create method and shows this message R.java was modified manually! Reverting to generated version! thanks for reading.

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  • Arrays not matching correctly

    - by Nick Gibson
    userAnswer[] holds the string of the answer the user types in and is comparing it to answers[] to see if they match up and then spits out correct or wrong. j is equal to the question number. So if j was question 6, answers[j] should refer to answers[6] right? Then userAnswer[6] should compare to answers[6] and match if its correct. But its giving me wrong answers and displaying the answer I typed as correct. int abc, loopCount = 100; int j = quesNum, overValue, forLoop = 100; for (int loop = 1; loop < loopCount; loop++) { aa = r.nextInt(10+1); abc = (int) aa; String[] userAnswer = new String[x]; JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,abc); if(abc < x) { userAnswer[j] = JOptionPane.showInputDialog(null,"Question "+quesNum+"\n"+questions[abc]+"\n\nA: "+a[abc]+"\nB: "+b[abc]+"\nC: "+c[abc]+"\nD: "+d[abc]); if(userAnswer[j].equals(answers[j])) { JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,"Correct. \nThe Correct Answer is "+answers[abc]); } else { JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,"Wrong. \n The Correct Answer is "+answers[abc]); }//else }//if }//for

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  • Wrapper class that creates objects at runtime and stores data in an array.

    - by scriptingalias
    I tried making a wrapper class that encapsulates an object, a string (for naming and differentiating the object instance), and an array to store data. The problem I'm having now is accessing this class using methods that determine the "name" of the object and also reading the array containing some random variables. import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.Random; public class WrapperClass { String varName; Object varData; int[] array = new int[10]; public WrapperClass(String name, Object data, int[] ARRAY) { varName = name; varData = data; array = ARRAY; } public static void getvalues() { } public static void main(String[] args) { int[] array = new int[10]; Random random = new Random(3134234); for(int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { for (int c = 0; c < 10; c++) { array[c] = random.nextInt();//randomly creates data } WrapperClass w = new WrapperClass("c" + i, new Object(),array); } } }

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  • Why is my quick sort so slow?

    - by user513075
    Hello, I am practicing writing sorting algorithms as part of some interview preparation, and I am wondering if anybody can help me spot why this quick sort is not very fast? It appears to have the correct runtime complexity, but it is slower than my merge sort by a constant factor of about 2. I would also appreciate any comments that would improve my code that don't necessarily answer the question. Thanks a lot for your help! Please don't hesitate to let me know if I have made any etiquette mistakes. This is my first question here. private class QuickSort implements Sort { @Override public int[] sortItems(int[] ts) { List<Integer> toSort = new ArrayList<Integer>(); for (int i : ts) { toSort.add(i); } toSort = partition(toSort); int[] ret = new int[ts.length]; for (int i = 0; i < toSort.size(); i++) { ret[i] = toSort.get(i); } return ret; } private List<Integer> partition(List<Integer> toSort) { if (toSort.size() <= 1) return toSort; int pivotIndex = myRandom.nextInt(toSort.size()); Integer pivot = toSort.get(pivotIndex); toSort.remove(pivotIndex); List<Integer> left = new ArrayList<Integer>(); List<Integer> right = new ArrayList<Integer>(); for (int i : toSort) { if (i > pivot) right.add(i); else left.add(i); } left = partition(left); right = partition(right); left.add(pivot); left.addAll(right); return left; } }

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