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• Why can't decimal numbers be represented exactly in binary?

  - by Barry Brown

  There have been several questions posted to SO about floating-point representation. For example, the decimal number 0.1 doesn't have an exact binary representation, so it's dangerous to use the == operator to compare it to another floating-point number. I understand the principles behind floating-point representation. What I don't understand is why, from a mathematical perspective, are the numbers to the right of the decimal point any more "special" that the ones to the left? For example, the number 61.0 has an exact binary representation because the integral portion of any number is always exact. But the number 6.10 is not exact. All I did was move the decimal one place and suddenly I've gone from Exactopia to Inexactville. Mathematically, there should be no intrinsic difference between the two numbers -- they're just numbers. By contrast, if I move the decimal one place in the other direction to produce the number 610, I'm still in Exactopia. I can keep going in that direction (6100, 610000000, 610000000000000) and they're still exact, exact, exact. But as soon as the decimal crosses some threshold, the numbers are no longer exact. What's going on? Edit: to clarify, I want to stay away from discussion about industry-standard representations, such as IEEE, and stick with what I believe is the mathematically "pure" way. In base 10, the positional values are: ... 1000 100 10 1 1/10 1/100 ... In binary, they would be: ... 8 4 2 1 1/2 1/4 1/8 ... There are also no arbitrary limits placed on these numbers. The positions increase indefinitely to the left and to the right.

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• File descriptor limits and default stack sizes

  - by Charles

  Where I work we build and distribute a library and a couple complex programs built on that library. All code is written in C and is available on most 'standard' systems like Windows, Linux, Aix, Solaris, Darwin. I started in the QA department and while running tests recently I have been reminded several times that I need to remember to set the file descriptor limits and default stack sizes higher or bad things will happen. This is particularly the case with Solaris and now Darwin. Now this is very strange to me because I am a believer in 0 required environment fiddling to make a product work. So I am wondering if there are times where this sort of requirement is a necessary evil, or if we are doing something wrong. Edit: Great comments that describe the problem and a little background. However I do not believe I worded the question well enough. Currently, we require customers, and hence, us the testers, to set these limits before running our code. We do not do this programatically. And this is not a situation where they MIGHT run out, under normal load our programs WILL run out and seg fault. So rewording the question, is requiring the customer to change these ulimit values to run our software to be expected on some platforms, ie, Solaris, Aix, or are we as a company making it to difficult for these users to get going? Bounty: I added a bounty to hopefully get a little more information on what other companies are doing to manage these limits. Can you set these pragmatically? Should we? Should our programs even be hitting these limits or could this be a sign that things might be a bit messy under the covers? That is really what I want to know, as a perfectionist a seemingly dirty program really bugs me.

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• URL development and mod_rewrite

  - by iRector

  My site is made-up of the main page, and multiple sub-directories, all under the same domain. My URLS are currently like .................| Ideal clean version: mysite.com mysite.com/?content=content1 ......................| mysite.com/content1/ mysite.com/?content=content2&page=4 ........| mysite.com/content2/4/ mysite.com/?content=content3 ......................| mysite.com/content3/ mysite.com/?content=content4 ......................| mysite.com/content4/ mysite.com/?content=article&id=34 ............| mysite.com/article/34/ Then the sub-directories are essentially the same: mysite.com/subdir, mysite.com/subdir2, mysite.com/subdir3, etc mysite.com/subdir/?content=content1 ...................| mysite.com/subdir/content1/ mysite.com/subdir/?content=content2&page=4 .....| mysite.com/subdir/content2/4/ mysite.com/subdir/?content=content3 ...................| mysite.com/subdir/content3/ mysite.com/subdir/?content=content4 ...................| mysite.com/subdir/content4/ mysite.com/subdir/?content=article&id=34 .........| mysite.com/subdir/article/34/ I've used mod_rewrite briefly, but I'm not sure how to approach these multiple variables. Also, how would I differentiate between the actually subfolders, and the content variable. As so to prevent 'subdir' or 'subdir2' from being plugged in as the content variable for the root site. I've played around with plenty of code snippets, but I've wiped my .htaccess slate clean, and approach you all in an attempt to help me repopulate it. Your input would thoroughly be appreciated. Note: The only time the page query string will be needed is when 'content' == 'content2' ?content=content2&page=4 **Same rule is shared by the article/id relationship, all other 'content' values are expected to be dynamic.

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• systematizing error codes for a web app in php?

  - by user151841

  I'm working on a class-based php web app. I have some places where objects are interacting, and I have certain situations where I'm using error codes to communicate to the end user -- typically when form values are missing or invalid. These are situations where exceptions are unwarranted ( and I'm not sure I could avoid the situations with exceptions anyways). In one object, I have some 20 code numbers, each of which correspond to a user-facing message, and a admin/developer-facing message, so both parties know what's going on. Now that I've worked over the code several times, I find that it's difficult to quickly figure out what code numbers in the series I've already used, so I accidentally create conflicting code numbers. For instance, I just did that today with 12, 13, 14 and 15. How can I better organize this so I don't create conflicting error codes? Should I create one singleton class, errorCodes, that has a master list of all error codes for all classes, systematizing them across the whole web app? Or should each object have its own set of error codes, when appropriate, and I just keep a list in the commentary of the object, to use and update that as I go along?

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• Graphing the pitch (frequency) of a sound

  - by Coronatus

  I want to plot the pitch of a sound into a graph. Currently I can plot the amplitude. The graph below is created by the data returned by getUnscaledAmplitude(): AudioInputStream audioInputStream = AudioSystem.getAudioInputStream(new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(file))); byte[] bytes = new byte[(int) (audioInputStream.getFrameLength()) * (audioInputStream.getFormat().getFrameSize())]; audioInputStream.read(bytes); // Get amplitude values for each audio channel in an array. graphData = type.getUnscaledAmplitude(bytes, this); public int[][] getUnscaledAmplitude(byte[] eightBitByteArray, AudioInfo audioInfo) { int[][] toReturn = new int[audioInfo.getNumberOfChannels()][eightBitByteArray.length / (2 * audioInfo. getNumberOfChannels())]; int index = 0; for (int audioByte = 0; audioByte < eightBitByteArray.length;) { for (int channel = 0; channel < audioInfo.getNumberOfChannels(); channel++) { // Do the byte to sample conversion. int low = (int) eightBitByteArray[audioByte]; audioByte++; int high = (int) eightBitByteArray[audioByte]; audioByte++; int sample = (high << 8) + (low & 0x00ff); if (sample < audioInfo.sampleMin) { audioInfo.sampleMin = sample; } else if (sample > audioInfo.sampleMax) { audioInfo.sampleMax = sample; } toReturn[channel][index] = sample; } index++; } return toReturn; } But I need to show the audio's pitch, not amplitude. Fast Fourier transform appears to get the pitch, but it needs to know more variables than the raw bytes I have, and is very complex and mathematical. Is there a way I can do this?

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• how to read xml properties value?

  - by bala

  I have xml file in sdcard(xxx.file) how to read all the xml tag properties values starting point to end point and prints that value please help me I am not familiar in xml pullparser please help me... This is my xml file code: <?xml version="1.0"?> <layout schemaVersion="1" width="800" height="450" bgcolor="#000000"> <region id="47ff29524ce1b" width="800" height="450" top="0" left="0" userId="1"> <media id="9" type="image" duration="30" lkid="4" userId="1" schemaVersion="1"> <options><uri>9.png</uri></options> <raw/> </media></region></layout> java code: public class MainActivity extends Activity { @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); try{ XmlPullParserFactory factory = XmlPullParserFactory.newInstance(); factory.setNamespaceAware(true); XmlPullParser parser = factory.newPullParser(); File file = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()+ "/xxx.xml"); FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(file); parser.setInput(new InputStreamReader(fis)); }catch(XmlPullParserException e){ e.printStackTrace(); }catch(FileNotFoundException e){ e.printStackTrace(); } } }

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• mmap only needed pages of kernel buffer to user space

  - by axeoth

  See also this answer: http://stackoverflow.com/a/10770582/1284631 I need something similar, but without having to allocate a buffer: the buffer is large, in theory, but the user space program only needs to access some parts of it (it mocks some registers of a hardware). As I cannot allocate with vmalloc_user() such a large buffer (kernel 32 bit, in embedded environment, no swap...), I followed the same approach as in the quoted answer, trying to allocate only those pages that are really requested by the user space. So: I use a my_mmap() function for the device file (actually, is the .mmap field of a struct uio_info) to set up the fields of the vma, then, in the vm_area_struct's .fault field (also named my_fault()), I should return a page. except that: In the my_fault() method of vm_area_struct, I cannot obtain a page through: vmf->page=vmalloc_to_page(my_buf + (vmf->pgoff << PAGE_SHIFT)); since there is no allocated buffer: my_buf = vmalloc_user(MY_BUF_SIZE); fails with "allocation failed: out of vmalloc space - use vmalloc= to increase size." (and there is no room or swap to increase that vmalloc= parameter). So, I would need to get a page from the kernel and fill the vmf->page field. How to allocate a page (I assume that the offset of the page is known, as it is vm->pgoff). What base memory should I use instead of my_buf? PS: I also did set up the vma->flags |= VM_NORESERVE; (in the my_mmap()), but not sure if it helps. Is there any vmalloc_user_unreserved()-like function? (let's say, lazy allocation) Also, writing 1 to /proc/sys/vm/overcommit_memory and large values (eg 500) to /proc/sys/vm/overcommit_ratio before trying to my_buf=vmalloc_user(<large_size>) didn't work.

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• Django unit testing: South-migrated DB works in MySQL, throws duplicate PK error in PostGreSQL. Am I

  - by unclaimedbaggage

  Hi folks, (Worth starting off with a disclaimer: I'm very new to PostGreSQL) I have a django site which involves a standard app/tests.py testing file. If I migrate the DB to MySQL (through South),, the tests all pass. However in PostGresQL, I'm getting the following error: IntegrityError: duplicate key value violates unique constraint "business_contact_pkey" Note this happens while unit testing only - the actual page runs fine in both MySQL & PostGresql. Really having a heckuva time figuring this one out. Anyone have ideas? Below are the Postgresql "\d business_contact" & offending tests.py method if they help. No changes made to either DB except the (same) South migrations Thanks first_name | character varying(200) | not null mobile_phone | character varying(100) | surname | character varying(200) | not null business_id | integer | not null created | timestamp with time zone | not null deleted | boolean | not null default false updated | timestamp with time zone | not null slug | character varying(150) | not null phone | character varying(100) | email | character varying(75) | id | integer | not null default nextval('business_contact_id_seq'::regclass) Indexes: "business_contact_pkey" PRIMARY KEY, btree (id) "business_contact_slug_key" UNIQUE, btree (slug) "business_contact_business_id" btree (business_id) Foreign-key constraints: "business_id_refs_id_772cc1b7b40f4b36" FOREIGN KEY (business_id) REFERENCES business(id) DEFERRABLE INITIALLY DEFERRED Referenced by: TABLE "business" CONSTRAINT "primary_contact_id_refs_id_dfaf59c4041c850" FOREIGN KEY (primary_contact_id) REFERENCES business_contact(id) DEFERRABLE INITIALLY DEFERRED TEST DEF: def test_add_business_contact(self): """ Add a business contact """ contact_slug = 'test-new-contact-added-new-adf' business_id = 1 business = Business.objects.get(id=business_id) postdata = { 'first_name': 'Test', 'surname': 'User', 'business': '1', 'slug': contact_slug, 'email': '[email protected]', 'phone': '12345678', 'mobile_phone': '9823452', 'business': 1, 'business_id': 1, } #Test to ensure contacts that should not exist are not returned contact_not_exists = Contact.objects.filter(slug=contact_slug) self.assertFalse(contact_not_exists) #Add the contact and ensure it is present in the DB afterwards """ contact_add_url = '%s%s/contact/add/' % (settings.BUSINESS_URL, business.slug) self.client.post(contact_add_url, postdata) added_contact = Contact.objects.filter(slug=contact_slug) print added_contact try: self.assertTrue(added_contact) except: formset = ContactForm(postdata) print formset.errors self.assertFalse(True, "Contact not found in the database - most likely, the post values in the test didn't validate against the form")

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• How to set margin for inner controls of WrapPanel

  - by Andrey Tagaew

  Hi Guys! I'm new in WPF and have a question. Here is an example that I'm using: <Window x:Class="WpfApplication2.MainWindow" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" Title="MainWindow" Height="350" Width="525"> <StackPanel> <WrapPanel Orientation="Horizontal" > <Button Content="test1" Margin="10,0" Padding="10,10" /> <Button Content="test2" Margin="10,0" Padding="10,10" /> <Button Content="test3" Margin="10,0" Padding="10,10" /> <Button Content="test4" Margin="10,0" Padding="10,10" /> <Button Content="test5" Margin="10,0" Padding="10,10" /> </WrapPanel> </StackPanel> As you can see, my wrap panel has several buttons. Each button has the same margin and padding. The question is, is there a way of setting margin and padding for wrap panel, so each element inside the wrap panel may use it values? This make the code shorter and let me specify Margin and Padding only one time instead of setting it for each control in the panel. Thank you!

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• mysql_real_escape_string() just makes an empty string?

  - by James P

  I am using a jQuery AJAX request to a page called like.php that connects to my database and inserts a row. This is the like.php code: <?php // Some config stuff define(DB_HOST, 'localhost'); define(DB_USER, 'root'); define(DB_PASS, ''); define(DB_NAME, 'quicklike'); $link = mysql_connect(DB_HOST, DB_USER, DB_PASS) or die('ERROR: ' . mysql_error()); $sel = mysql_select_db(DB_NAME, $link) or die('ERROR: ' . mysql_error()); $likeMsg = mysql_real_escape_string(trim($_POST['likeMsg'])); $timeStamp = time(); if(empty($likeMsg)) die('ERROR: Message is empty'); $sql = "INSERT INTO `likes` (like_message, timestamp) VALUES ('$likeMsg', $timeStamp)"; $result = mysql_query($sql, $link) or die('ERROR: ' . mysql_error()); echo mysql_insert_id(); mysql_close($link); ?> The problematic line is $likeMsg = mysql_real_escape_string(trim($_POST['likeMsg']));. It seems to just return an empty string, and in my database under the like_message column all I see is blank entries. If I remove mysql_real_escape_string() though, it works fine. Here's my jQuery code if it helps. $('#like').bind('keydown', function(e) { if(e.keyCode == 13) { var likeMessage = $('#changer p').html(); if(likeMessage) { $.ajax({ cache: false, url: 'like.php', type: 'POST', data: { likeMsg: likeMessage }, success: function(data) { $('#like').unbind(); writeLikeButton(data); } }); } else { $('#button_container').html(''); } } }); All this jQuery code works fine, I've tested it myself independently. Any help is greatly appreciated, thanks.

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• SharePoint: Filtering a List that has Folders

  - by Gary McGill

  I have a SharePoint document library that has a folder structure used for organizing the documents (but also for controlling access, via permissions on the folders). The documents in the library are updated every month, and we store every month's version of the document in the same folder; there's a "month" column used for filtering that will contain values like Jan 09, Feb 09, etc. It looks like this: Title Month ----- ----- SubFolder 1 SubFolder 2 [] Interesting Facts Jan 09 [] Interesting Facts Feb 09 [] Interesting Facts Mar 09 [] Fascinating Numbers Jan 09 [] Fascinating Numbers Feb 09 ... Now, because users will generally be most interested in the 'current' month, I'd like them to be able to apply a filter, and select (say) Mar 09. However, if they do this using the built-in filtering, it also filters out the folders, and they can no longer navigate the folder hierarchy. This is no good - I want them to be able to move between folders with the filter intact, so that they don't need to keep switching it off and on again. I figured I might be able to use a custom view (selecting where type=folder or month=[month]), and to an extent that does work. However, I can only get it to work for a fixed month, whereas I need the user to be able to select the month - perhaps via a drop-down control on the page (and I don't want to create 60 views for 5 years' worth of months, nor do I want to have to create a new view every month). I thought it might be possible to create a view in code (rather than via the UI), but I've not been able to figure out how to get a dynamic value (a user-specific setting) into the CAML query. Any pointers gratefully appreciated! And by the way, I am aware of the dogma that folders are bad, and that everything should just be a list. However, having considered the alternatives, I still favour using folders - if I can solve this problem. Thanks in advance.

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• Different users get the same cookie - value in .ASPXANONYMOUS

  - by Malcolm Frexner

  My site allows anonymous users. I saw that under heavy load user get sometimes profile values from other users. This happens for anonymous users. I logged the access to profile data: /// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param name="controller"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static string ProfileID(this Controller controller ) { if (ApplicationConfiguration.LogProfileAccess) { StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); (from header in controller.Request.Headers.ToPairs() select string.Concat(header.Key, ":", header.Value, ";")).ToList().ForEach(x => sb.Append(x)); string log = string.Format("ip:{0} url:{1} IsAuthenticated:{2} Name:{3} AnonId:{4} header:{5}", controller.Request.UserHostAddress, controller.Request.Url.ToString(), controller.Request.IsAuthenticated, controller.User.Identity.Name, controller.Request.AnonymousID, sb); _log.Debug(log); } return controller.Request.IsAuthenticated ? controller.User.Identity.Name : controller.Request.AnonymousID; } I can see in the log that user realy get the same cookievalue for .ASPXANONYMOUS even if they have different IP. Just to be safe I removed dependency injection for the FormsAuthentication. I dont use OutputCaching. My web.config has this setting for authentication: <anonymousIdentification enabled="true" cookieless="UseCookies" cookieName=".ASPXANONYMOUS" cookieTimeout="30" cookiePath="/" cookieRequireSSL="false" cookieSlidingExpiration="true" /> <authentication mode="Forms"> <forms loginUrl="~/de/Account/Login" /> </authentication> Does anybody have an idea what else I could log or what I should have a look at?

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• Pointers, am I doing them correctly? Objective-c/cocoa

  - by Chris

  I have this in my @interface struct track currentTrack; struct track previousTrack; int anInt; Since these are not objects, I do not have to have them like int* anInt right? And if setting non-object values like ints, boolean, etc, I do not have to release the old value right (assuming non-GC environment)? The struct contains objects: typedef struct track { NSString* theId; NSString* title; } *track; Am I doing that correctly? Lastly, I access the struct like this: [currentTrack.title ...]; currentTrack.theId = @"asdf"; //LINE 1 I'm also manually managing the memory (from a setter) for the struct like this: [currentTrack.title autorelease]; currentTrack.title = [newTitle retain]; If I'm understanding the garbage collection correctly, I should be able to ditch that and just set it like LINE 1 (above)? Also with garbage collection, I don't need a dealloc method right? If I use garbage collection does this mean it only runs on OS 10.5+? And any other thing I should know before I switch to garbage collected code? Sorry there are so many questions. Very new to objective-c and desktop programming. Thanks

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• adding an uncertain number of fields using javascript

  - by user306472

  I'm new to javascript and a novice programmer, so this might be a really easy question to answer. I would like to loop over the values of x number of fields and add them up to display the sum in a final field. I can perform this function if I explicitly call each field, but I want to abstract this so I can deal with a flexible number of fields. Here's example code I've come up with (that's not working for me). Where am I going wrong? <html> <head> <script type="text/javascript"> function startAdd(){ interval = setInterval("addfields()",1); } function addfields(){ a = document.addition.total.value; b = getElementByTagName("sum").value; for (i=0; i<=b.length; i++){ a+=i; } return a; } function stopAdd(){ clearInterval(interval); } </script> </head> <body> <form name="addition"> <input type="text" name="sum" onFocus="startAdd();" onBlur="stopAdd;"> + <input type="text" name="sum" onFocus="startAdd();" onBlur="stopAdd;"> = <input type="text" name ="total"> </form> </body> </html>

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• Prolog Beginner: How to unify with arithmentic comparison operators or how to get a set var to range

  - by sixtyfootersdude

  I am new to prolog. I need to write an integer adder that will add numbers between 0-9 to other numbers 0-9 and produce a solution 0-18. This is what I want to do: % sudo code add(in1, in2, out) :- in1 < 10, in2 < 10, out < 18. I would like to be able to call it like this: To Check if it is a valid addition: ?- add(1,2,3). true ?- add(1,2,4). false With one missing variable: ?- add(X,2,3). 1 ?- add(1,4,X). 5 With multiple missing variables: ?-add(X,Y,Z). % Some output that would make sense. Some examples could be: X=1, Y=1, Z=2 ; X=2, Y=1, Z=3 ...... I realize that this is probably a pretty simplistic question and it is probably very straightforward. However cording to the prolog tutorial I am using: "Unlike unification Arithmetic Comparison Operators operators cannot be used to give values to a variable. The can only be evaluated when every term on each side have been instantiated."

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• Coding Practices which enable the compiler/optimizer to make a faster program.

  - by EvilTeach

  Many years ago, C compilers were not particularly smart. As a workaround K&R invented the register keyword, to hint to the compiler, that maybe it would be a good idea to keep this variable in an internal register. They also made the tertiary operator to help generate better code. As time passed, the compilers matured. They became very smart in that their flow analysis allowing them to make better decisions about what values to hold in registers than you could possibly do. The register keyword became unimportant. FORTRAN can be faster than C for some sorts of operations, due to alias issues. In theory with careful coding, one can get around this restriction to enable the optimizer to generate faster code. What coding practices are available that may enable the compiler/optimizer to generate faster code? Identifying the platform and compiler you use, would be appreciated. Why does the technique seem to work? Sample code is encouraged. Here is a related question [Edit] This question is not about the overall process to profile, and optimize. Assume that the program has been written correctly, compiled with full optimization, tested and put into production. There may be constructs in your code that prohibit the optimizer from doing the best job that it can. What can you do to refactor that will remove these prohibitions, and allow the optimizer to generate even faster code? [Edit] Offset related link

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• Regular expression to match HTML table row ( <tr> ) NOT containing a specific value

  - by user1821136

  I'm using Notepad++ to clean up a long and messy HTML table. I'm trying to use regular expressions even if I'm a total noob. :) I need to remove all the table rows that doesn't contain a specific value (may I call that substring?). After having all the file contents unwrapped, I've been able to use the following regular expression to select, one by one, every table row with all its contents: <tr>.+?</tr> How can I improve the regular expression in order to select and replace only table rows containing, somewhere inside a part of them, that defined substring? I don't know if this does matter but the structure of every table row is the following (I've put there every HTML tag, the dots stand for standard content/values) <tr> <td> ... </td> <td> ... </td> <td> <a sfref="..." href="...">!! SUBSTRING I HAVE TO MATCH HERE !!</a> </td> <td> <img /> </td> <td> ... </td> <td> ... </td> <td> ... </td> <td> ... </td> </tr> Thanks in advance for your help!

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• MVC Html.ActionLink with post funtionality?

  - by Levitikon

  I'm checking to see if anyone has written an MVC extension for Html.ActionLink that you can pass in Post parameters like such: <% Html.ActionLink("Click me", "Index", "Home", new { MyRouteValue = "123" }, null, new { postParam1 = "a", postParam2 = "b" }); %> That would render the link like normal but having an onClick event that submits an also rendered form with an Action url for the Action, Controller, and Route Values with additional hidden inputs from the Post Parameters like such: <a href="#" onClick="$('#theform').submit(); return false;">Click me</a> <form id="theform" action="/Home/Index/123" method="post"> <input type="hidden" name="postParam1" value="a"> <input type="hidden" name="postParam2" value="b"> </form> I'm looking to redirect users to various pages with potentially a lot of data. Not only from page to page, but from email to page also. This would be highly reusable and I think would clean up a lot of code, and would save a bunch of time writing this if its already floating around out there. I hate recreating the wheel when I don't have to. Thanks!

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• How do I use Spreadsheet::WriteExcel to create a chart from numeric log data?

  - by yaohung

  I used csv2xls.pl to convert a text log into .xls format, and then I create a chart as in the following: my $chart3 = $workbook->add_chart( type => 'line' , embedded => 1); # Configure the series. $chart3->add_series( categories => '=Sheet1!$B$2:$B$64', values => '=Sheet1!$C$2:$C$64', name => 'Test data series 1', ); # Add some labels. $chart3->set_title( name => 'Bridge Rate Analysis' ); $chart3->set_x_axis( name => 'Packet Size ' ); $chart3->set_y_axis( name => 'BVI Rate' ); # Insert the chart into the main worksheet. $worksheet->insert_chart( 'G2', $chart3 ); I can see the chart in the .xls file. However, all the data are in text format, not numeric, so the chart looks wrong. How do I convert text into number before applying this create-chart function? Also, how do I sort the .xls file before creating the chart?

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• Why my object sees variables which were not given to it in the constructor?

  - by Roman

  I have the following code. Which is "correct" and which I do not understand: private static void updateGUI(final int i, final JLabel label) { SwingUtilities.invokeLater( new Runnable() { public void run() { label.setText("You have " + i + " seconds."); } } ); } I create a new instance of the Runnable class and then in the run method of this instance I use variables label and i. It works, but I do not understand why it work. Why the considered object sees values of these variables. According to my understanding the code should look like that (and its wrong): private static void updateGUI(final int i, final JLabel label) { SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable(i,label) { public Runnable(int i, JLabel label) { this.i = i; this.label = label; } public void run() { label.setText("You have " + i + " seconds."); } }); } So, I would give the i and label variables to the constructor so the object can access them... By the way, in the updateGUI I use final before the i and label. I think I used final because compiler wanted that. But I do not understand why.

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• SQL Server stored procedure return code oddity

  - by gbn

  Hello The client that calls this code is restricted and can only deal with return codes from stored procs. So, we modified our usual contract to RETURN -1 on error and default to RETURN 0 if no error If the code hits the inner catch block, then the RETURN code default to -4. Where does this come from, does anyone know...? IF OBJECT_ID('dbo.foo') IS NOT NULL DROP TABLE dbo.foo GO CREATE TABLE dbo.foo ( KeyCol char(12) NOT NULL, ValueCol xml NOT NULL, Comment varchar(1000) NULL, CONSTRAINT PK_foo PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (KeyCol) ) GO IF OBJECT_ID('dbo.bar') IS NOT NULL DROP PROCEDURE dbo.bar GO CREATE PROCEDURE dbo.bar @Key char(12), @Value xml, @Comment varchar(1000) AS SET NOCOUNT ON DECLARE @StartTranCount tinyint; BEGIN TRY SELECT @StartTranCount = @@TRANCOUNT; IF @StartTranCount = 0 BEGIN TRAN; BEGIN TRY --SELECT @StartTranCount = 'fish' INSERT dbo.foo (KeyCol, ValueCol, Comment) VALUES (@Key, @Value, @Comment); END TRY BEGIN CATCH IF ERROR_NUMBER() = 2627 --PK violation UPDATE dbo.foo SET ValueCol = @Value, Comment = @Comment WHERE KeyCol = @Key; ELSE RAISERROR ('Tits up', 16, 1); END CATCH IF @StartTranCount = 0 COMMIT TRAN; END TRY BEGIN CATCH IF @StartTranCount = 0 AND XACT_STATE() <> 0 ROLLBACK TRAN; RETURN -1 END CATCH --Without this, we'll send -4 if we hit the UPDATE CATCH block above --RETURN 0 GO --Run with RETURN 0 and fish line commented out DECLARE @rtn int EXEC @rtn = dbo.bar 'abcdefghijkl', '<foobar />', 'testing' SELECT @rtn; SELECT * FROM dbo.foo DECLARE @rtn int EXEC @rtn = dbo.bar 'abcdefghijkl', '<foobar2 />', 'testing2' --updated OK but we get @rtn = -4 SELECT @rtn; SELECT * FROM dbo.foo --uncomment fish line DECLARE @rtn int EXEC @rtn = dbo.bar 'abcdefghijkl', '<foobar />', 'testing' --Hit outer CATCH, @rtn = -1 as expected SELECT @rtn; SELECT * FROM dbo.foo

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• Common Lisp condition system for transfer of control

  - by Ken

  I'll admit right up front that the following is a pretty terrible description of what I want to do. Apologies in advance. Please ask questions to help me explain. :-) I've written ETLs in other languages that consist of individual operations that look something like: // in class CountOperation IEnumerable<Row> Execute(IEnumerable<Row> rows) { var count = 0; foreach (var row in rows) { row["record number"] = count++; yield return row; } } Then you string a number of these operations together, and call The Dispatcher, which is responsible for calling Operations and pushing data between them. I'm trying to do something similar in Common Lisp, and I want to use the same basic structure, i.e., each operation is defined like a normal function that inputs a list and outputs a list, but lazily. I can define-condition a condition (have-value) to use for yield-like behavior, and I can run it in a single loop, and it works great. I'm defining the operations the same way, looping through the inputs: (defun count-records (rows) (loop for count from 0 for row in rows do (signal 'have-value :value `(:count ,count @,row)))) The trouble is if I want to string together several operations, and run them. My first attempt at writing a dispatcher for these looks something like: (let ((next-op ...)) ;; pick an op from the set of all ops (loop (handler-bind ((have-value (...))) ;; records output from operation (setq next-op ...) ;; pick a new next-op (call next-op))) But restarts have only dynamic extent: each operation will have the same restart names. The restart isn't a Lisp object I can store, to store the state of a function: it's something you call by name (symbol) inside the handler block, not a continuation you can store for later use. Is it possible to do something like I want here? Or am I better off just making each operation function explicitly look at its input queue, and explicitly place values on the output queue?

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• How to close all tabs in Safari using AppleScript?

  - by Form

  I have made a very simple AppleScript to close all tabs in Safari. The problem is, it works, but not completely. Here's the code: tell application "Safari" repeat with aWindow in windows repeat with aTab in tabs of aWindow aTab close end repeat end repeat end tell I've also tried this script: tell application "Safari" repeat with i from 0 to the number of items in windows set aWindow to item i of windows repeat with j from 0 to the number of tabs in aWindow set aTab to item j of tabs of aWindow aTab close end repeat end repeat end tell ... but it does not work either. I tried that on my system (MacBook Pro jan 2008), as well as on a Mac Pro G5 under Tiger and the script fails on both, albeit with a much less descriptive error on Tiger. The problem is that only a couple of tabs are closed. Running the script a few times closes a few tab each time until none is left, but always fails with the same error after closing a few tabs. Under Leopard I get an out of bounds error. Since I am using fast enumeration (not using "repeat from 0 to number of items in windows") I don't see how I can get an out of bounds error with this... My goal is to use the Cocoa Scripting Bridge to close tabs in Safari from my Objective-C Cocoa application but the Scripting Bridge fails in the same manner. The non-deletable tabs show as NULL in the Xcode debugger, while the other tabs are valid objects from which I can get values back (such as their title). In fact I tried with the Scripting Bridge first then told myself why not try this directly in AppleScript and I was surprised to see the same results. I must have a glaring omission or something in there... (seems like a bug in Safari AppleScript support to me... :S) I've used repeat loops and Obj-C 2.0 fast enumeration to iterate through collections before with zero problems, so I really don't see what's wrong here. Anyone can help? Thanks in advance!

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• Changing where a resource is pulled during runtime?

  - by Brandon

  I have a website that goes out to multiple clients. Sometimes a client will insist on minor changes. For reasons beyond my control, I have to comply no matter how minor the request. Usually this isn't a problem, I would just create a client specific version of the user control or page and overwrite the default one during build time or make a configuration setting to handle it. Now that I am localizing the site, I'm curious about the best way to go about making minor wording changes. Lets say I have a resource file called Resources.resx that has 300 resources in it. It has a resource called Continue. English value is "Continue", the French value is "Continuez". Now one client, for whatever reason, wants it to say "Next" and "Après" and the others want to keep it the same. What is the best way to accomodate a request like this? (This is just a simple example). The only two ways I can think of is to Create another Resources.resx specific to the client, and replace the .dll during build time. Since I'd be completely replacing the dll, the new resource file would have to contain all 300 strings. The obvious problem being that I now have 2 resource files, each with 300 strings to maintain. Create a custom user control/page and change it to use a custom resource file. e.g. SignIn.ascx would be replaced during the build and it would pull its resources from ClientName.resx instead of Resources.resx. Are there any other things I could try? Is there any way to change it so that the application will always look in a ClientResources.resx file for the overridden values before actually look at the specified resource file?

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• Comparing all properties of an object using expression trees

  - by stringargs

  Hi, I'm trying to write a simple generator that uses an expression tree to dynamically generate a method that compares all properties of an instance of a type to the properties of another instance of that type. This works fine for most properties, like int an string, but fails for DateTime? (and presumably other nullable value types). The method: static Delegate GenerateComparer(Type type) { var left = Expression.Parameter(type, "left"); var right = Expression.Parameter(type, "right"); Expression result = null; foreach (var p in type.GetProperties()) { var leftProperty = Expression.Property(left, p.Name); var rightProperty = Expression.Property(right, p.Name); var equals = p.PropertyType.GetMethod("Equals", new[] { p.PropertyType }); var callEqualsOnLeft = Expression.Call(leftProperty, equals, rightProperty); result = result != null ? (Expression)Expression.And(result, callEqualsOnLeft) : (Expression)callEqualsOnLeft; } var method = Expression.Lambda(result, left, right).Compile(); return method; } On a DateTime? property it fails with: Expression of type 'System.Nullable`1[System.DateTime]' cannot be used for parameter of type 'System.Object' of method 'Boolean Equals(System.Object)' OK, so it finds an overload of Equals that expects object. So why can't I pass a DateTime? into that, as it's convertible to object? If I look at Nullable<T>, it indeed has an override of Equals(object o). PS: I realize that this isn't a proper generator yet as it can't deal with null values, but I'll get to that :)

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