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  • TCPDump and IPTables DROP by string

    - by Tiffany Walker
    by using tcpdump -nlASX -s 0 -vvv port 80 I get something like: 14:58:55.121160 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 64, id 49764, offset 0, flags [DF], proto TCP (6), length 1480) 206.72.206.58.http > 2.187.196.7.4624: Flags [.], cksum 0x6900 (incorrect -> 0xcd18), seq 1672149449:1672150889, ack 4202197968, win 15340, length 1440 0x0000: 4500 05c8 c264 4000 4006 0f86 ce48 ce3a E....d@[email protected].: 0x0010: 02bb c407 0050 1210 63aa f9c9 fa78 73d0 .....P..c....xs. 0x0020: 5010 3bec 6900 0000 0f29 95cc fac4 2854 P.;.i....)....(T 0x0030: c0e7 3384 e89a 74fa 8d8c a069 f93f fc40 ..3...t....i.?.@ 0x0040: 1561 af61 1cf3 0d9c 3460 aa23 0b54 aac0 .a.a....4`.#.T.. 0x0050: 5090 ced1 b7bf 8857 c476 e1c0 8814 81ed P......W.v...... 0x0060: 9e85 87e8 d693 b637 bd3a 56ef c5fa 77e8 .......7.:V...w. 0x0070: 3035 743a 283e 89c7 ced8 c7c1 cff9 6ca3 05t:(>........l. 0x0080: 5f3f 0162 ebf1 419e c410 7180 7cd0 29e1 _?.b..A...q.|.). 0x0090: fec9 c708 0f01 9b2f a96b 20fe b95a 31cf ......./.k...Z1. 0x00a0: 8166 3612 bac9 4e8d 7087 4974 0063 1270 .f6...N.p.It.c.p What do I pull to use IPTables to block via string. Or is there a better way to block attacks that have something in common? Question is: Can I pick any piece from that IP packet and call it a string? iptables -A INPUT -m string --alog bm --string attack_string -j DROP In other words: In some cases I can ban with TTL=xxx and use that should an attack have the same TTL. Sure it will block some legit packets but if it means keeping the box up it works till the attack goes away but I would like to LEARN how to FIND other common things in a packet to block with IPTables

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  • How I can recover files when the folder shows empty but the files are not deleted?

    - by Borror0
    Yesterday, my laptop caught a virus which caused massive damage. Since them, I have been trying to recover important files before reformatting my computer, a task the virus has not made easy. Restoration points predating the attack have been deleted. Most of my folders show empty. My Start menu is essentially empty, with the exception of Trillian and Mirror's Edge. The same goes for my Desktop, which only has programs which were installed after the attack. Searching for files though my computer is pretty much useless, as it only rarely brings up anything. I suspect most of my files have not been deleted. While my folders show empty, uTorrent still does display them and I can open them from here. Unfortunately, when I select Open Containing Folder, the folder still shows as completely empty even if I'm currently watching a video from that very folder. Further adding evidence to the not-deleted, just-missing theory, the data recovery software I'm using (Restoration) cannot find only find an handful of the missing files. If they were deleted, I could do a forensic recovery to get them back but since they're probably still somewhere on my computer, just out out of my reach, I can't find them. Under those circumstances, is there a way I can recover those files?

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  • Cisco 851 (IOS) router: FastEthernet 4 (WAN) got the shutdown flag.

    - by cjavapro
    At a customer location there was a Cisco 851 router (which uses IOS). The PCs on location were all of a sudden unable to connect. We came on site and found that FastEthernet 4 (the WAN port) was "administratively down". We ran these commands to resolve it config t interface fa4 no shutdown exit exit write Now the mystery is how the shutdown flag got there in the first place? The router was on battery backup... but during the outage it was power cycled by the customer. It is possible that there was a short outage by the ISP and that the power cycle caused the shutdown flag to come up. There may have been a hack or an attack pattern that caused the shutdown flag to come up. There may have been a hack or an attack pattern that the router to become unavailable and then caused the shutdown flag to be added on startup. Question: Does anybody have any clues? or at least remember that they had a shutdown flag come up on their WAN port also?

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  • Apache suddenly very slow on http and faster on https

    - by hsnm
    Background: I have Apache 2 running on ubuntu. There is a low usage on it and mostly being accessed for a web service URL from mobile apps. It was working fine until I installed SSL certificates. I now have both http and https. When I access the server using https, I get a fairly quick response (but probably not as fast as before). When I use http, it's so slow. What I tried: From this post: I curl localhost from the host and it takes some time, meaning there is no routing issue. The server runs on Amazon EC2 instance and is managed by me only. Also: I see that Apache once running, creates the maximum number of processes it is allowed to, which was not the case before. I lowered the MaxClients to 20 and I think I'm getting faster responses but it still takes over a minute and I always have MaxClients Apache processes. dmesg returns many [ 1953.655703] TCP: Possible SYN flooding on port 80. Sending cookies. When I netstat I get many entries with SYN_RECV. Possibly a DDoS attack? From EC2's monitoring diagrams I see a pattern of high "Maximum Network In (Bytes)" since 2 days ago. By the way the server is still being tested, the actual traffic is very low and not consistent. I tried to go with this solution to limit incoming connections using iptables, still no luck, but I'm trying. Question: What could be the problem? Is this a DDoS attack?

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  • Does the .NET Framework need to be reoptimized after upgrading to a new CPU microarchitecture?

    - by Louis
    I believe that the .NET Framework will optimize certain binaries targeting features specific to the machine it's installed on. After changing the CPU from an Intel Nehalem to a Haswell chip, should the optimization be run again manually? If so, what is the process for that? Between generations here are some notable additions: Westmere: AES instruction set Sandy Bridge: Advanced Vector Extensions Ivy Bridge: RdRand (hardware random number generator), F16C (16-bit Floating-point conversion instructions) Haswell: Haswell New Instructions (includes Advanced Vector Extensions 2 (AVX2), gather, BMI1, BMI2, ABM and FMA3 support) So my, albeit naive, thought process was that the optimizations could take advantage of these in general cases. For example, perhaps calls to the Random library could utilize the hardware-RNG on Ivy Bridge and later models.

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  • How do you traverse and store XML in Blackberry Java app?

    - by Greg
    I'm having a problem accessing the contents of an XML document. My goal is this: Take an XML source and parse it into a fair equivalent of an associative array, then store it as a persistable object. the xml is pretty simple: <root> <element> <category_id>1</category_id> <name>Cars</name> </element> <element> <category_id>2</category_id> <name>Boats</name> </element> </root> Basic java class below. I'm pretty much just calling save(xml) after http response above. Yes, the xml is properly formatted. import java.io.IOException; import java.util.Hashtable; import org.w3c.dom.Document; import org.w3c.dom.Node; import org.w3c.dom.NodeList; import java.util.Vector; import net.rim.device.api.system.PersistentObject; import net.rim.device.api.system.PersistentStore; import net.rim.device.api.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder; import net.rim.device.api.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory; public class database{ private static PersistentObject storeVenue; static final long key = 0x2ba5f8081f7ef332L; public Hashtable hashtable; public Vector venue_list; String _node,_element; public database() { storeVenue = PersistentStore.getPersistentObject(key); } public void save(Document xml) { venue_list = new Vector(); storeVenue.setContents(venue_list); Hashtable categories = new Hashtable(); try{ DocumentBuilderFactory docBuilderFactory = DocumentBuilderFactory. newInstance(); DocumentBuilder docBuilder = docBuilderFactory.newDocumentBuilder(); docBuilder.isValidating(); xml.getDocumentElement ().normalize (); NodeList list=xml.getElementsByTagName("*"); _node=new String(); _element = new String(); for (int i=0;i<list.getLength();i++){ Node value=list.item(i).getChildNodes().item(0); _node=list.item(i).getNodeName(); _element=value.getNodeValue(); categories.put(_element, _node); } } catch (Exception e){ System.out.println(e.toString()); } venue_list.addElement(categories); storeVenue.commit(); } The code above is the work in progress, and is most likely heavily flawed. However, I have been at this for days now. I can never seem to get all child nodes, or the name / value pair. When I print out the vector as a string, I usually end up with results like this: [{ = root, = element}] and that's it. No "category_id", no "name" Ideally, I would end up with something like [{1 = cars, 2 = boats}] Any help is appreciated. Thanks

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  • Identifier is undefined

    - by hawk
    I wrote the following code in C++ using VS2012 Express. void ac_search( uint num_patterns, uint pattern_length, const char *patterns, uint num_records, uint record_length, const char *records, int *matches, Node* trie) { // Irrelevant code omitted. } vector<int> ac_benchmark_search( uint num_patterns, uint pattern_length, const char *patterns, uint num_records, uint record_length, const char *records, double &time) { // Prepare the container for the results vector<int> matches(num_records * num_patterns); Trie T; Node* trie = T.addWord(records, num_records, record_length); // error line ac_search(num_patterns, pattern_length, patterns, num_records, record_length, records, matches.data(), trie); // Irrelevant code omitted. return matches; } I get the error identifier "ac_search" is undefined at the function invoking line. I am a bit confused here. because the function ac_search is declared as a global (not inside any container). Why can't I call it at this place? Am I missing something? Update I tried ignore irrelevant code and then included it gradually and found that everything is fine until I include the outer loop of ac_search I get the aforementioned error. here is updated code of the function ac_search: void ac_cpu_string_search(uint num_patterns, uint pattern_length, const char *patterns, uint num_records, uint record_length, const char *records, int *matches, Node* trie) { // Loop over all records //for (uint record_number = 0; record_number < num_records; ++record_number) //{ // // Loop over all patterns for (uint pattern_number = 0; pattern_number < num_patterns; ++pattern_number) { // Execute string search const char *ptr_record = &records[record_number * record_length]; const char *ptr_match = std::strstr(ptr_record, &patterns[pattern_number * pattern_length]); // If pattern was found, then calculate offset, otherwise result is -1 if (ptr_match) { matches[record_number * num_patterns + pattern_number] = static_cast<int>(std::distance(ptr_record, ptr_match)); } else { matches[record_number * num_patterns + pattern_number] = -1; } // } //} } Update 2 I think the error has something to do with the function addWord which belongs to the class Trie. When I commented out this function, I did not get the error anymore. Node* Trie::addWord(const char *records, uint num_records, uint record_length) { // Loop over all records for (uint record_number = 0; record_number < num_records; ++record_number) { const char *ptr_record = &records[record_number * record_length]; string s = ptr_record; Node* current = root; if ( s.length() == 0 ) { current->setWordMarker(); // an empty word return; } for ( int i = 0; i < s.length(); i++ ) { Node* child = current->findChild(s[i]); if ( child != NULL ) { current = child; } else { Node* tmp = new Node(); tmp->setContent(s[i]); current->appendChild(tmp); current = tmp; } if ( i == s.length() - 1 ) current->setWordMarker(); } return current; } void ac_search( uint num_patterns, uint pattern_length, const char *patterns, uint num_records, uint record_length, const char *records, int *matches, Node* trie) { // Irrelevant code omitted. } vector<int> ac_benchmark_search( uint num_patterns, uint pattern_length, const char *patterns, uint num_records, uint record_length, const char *records, double &time) { // Prepare the container for the results vector<int> matches(num_records * num_patterns); Trie T; Node* trie = T.addWord(records, num_records, record_length); // error line ac_search(num_patterns, pattern_length, patterns, num_records, record_length, records, matches.data(), trie); // Irrelevant code omitted. return matches; }

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  • STL find performs bettern than hand-crafter loop

    - by dusha
    Hello all, I have some question. Given the following C++ code fragment: #include <boost/progress.hpp> #include <vector> #include <algorithm> #include <numeric> #include <iostream> struct incrementor { incrementor() : curr_() {} unsigned int operator()() { return curr_++; } private: unsigned int curr_; }; template<class Vec> char const* value_found(Vec const& v, typename Vec::const_iterator i) { return i==v.end() ? "no" : "yes"; } template<class Vec> typename Vec::const_iterator find1(Vec const& v, typename Vec::value_type val) { return find(v.begin(), v.end(), val); } template<class Vec> typename Vec::const_iterator find2(Vec const& v, typename Vec::value_type val) { for(typename Vec::const_iterator i=v.begin(), end=v.end(); i<end; ++i) if(*i==val) return i; return v.end(); } int main() { using namespace std; typedef vector<unsigned int>::const_iterator iter; vector<unsigned int> vec; vec.reserve(10000000); boost::progress_timer pt; generate_n(back_inserter(vec), vec.capacity(), incrementor()); //added this line, to avoid any doubts, that compiler is able to // guess the data is sorted random_shuffle(vec.begin(), vec.end()); cout << "value generation required: " << pt.elapsed() << endl; double d; pt.restart(); iter found=find1(vec, vec.capacity()); d=pt.elapsed(); cout << "first search required: " << d << endl; cout << "first search found value: " << value_found(vec, found)<< endl; pt.restart(); found=find2(vec, vec.capacity()); d=pt.elapsed(); cout << "second search required: " << d << endl; cout << "second search found value: " << value_found(vec, found)<< endl; return 0; } On my machine (Intel i7, Windows Vista) STL find (call via find1) runs about 10 times faster than the hand-crafted loop (call via find2). I first thought that Visual C++ performs some kind of vectorization (may be I am mistaken here), but as far as I can see assembly does not look the way it uses vectorization. Why is STL loop faster? Hand-crafted loop is identical to the loop from the STL-find body. I was asked to post program's output. Without shuffle: value generation required: 0.078 first search required: 0.008 first search found value: no second search required: 0.098 second search found value: no With shuffle (caching effects): value generation required: 1.454 first search required: 0.009 first search found value: no second search required: 0.044 second search found value: no Many thanks, dusha. P.S. I return the iterator and write out the result (found or not), because I would like to prevent compiler optimization, that it thinks the loop is not required at all. The searched value is obviously not in the vector.

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  • Can't get Jacobi algorithm to work in Objective-C

    - by Chris Long
    Hi, For some reason, I can't get this program to work. I've had other CS majors look at it and they can't figure it out either. This program performs the Jacobi algorithm (you can see step-by-step instructions and a MATLAB implementation here). BTW, it's different from the Wikipedia article of the same name. Since NSArray is one-dimensional, I added a method that makes it act like a two-dimensional C array. After running the Jacobi algorithm many times, the diagonal entries in the NSArray (i[0][0], i[1][1], etc.) are supposed to get bigger and the others approach 0. For some reason though, they all increase exponentially. For instance, i[2][4] should equal 0.0000009, not 9999999, while i[2][2] should be big. Thanks in advance, Chris NSArray+Matrix.m @implementation NSArray (Matrix) @dynamic offValue, transposed; - (double)offValue { double sum = 0.0; for ( MatrixItem *item in self ) if ( item.nonDiagonal ) sum += pow( item.value, 2.0 ); return sum; } - (NSMutableArray *)transposed { NSMutableArray *transpose = [[[NSMutableArray alloc] init] autorelease]; int i, j; for ( i = 0; i < 5; i++ ) { for ( j = 0; j < 5; j++ ) { [transpose addObject:[self objectAtRow:j andColumn:i]]; } } return transpose; } - (id)objectAtRow:(NSUInteger)row andColumn:(NSUInteger)column { NSUInteger index = 5 * row + column; return [self objectAtIndex:index]; } - (NSMutableArray *)multiplyWithMatrix:(NSArray *)array { NSMutableArray *result = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init]; int i = 0, j = 0, k = 0; double value; for ( i = 0; i < 5; i++ ) { value = 0.0; for ( j = 0; j < 5; j++ ) { for ( k = 0; k < 5; k++ ) { MatrixItem *firstItem = [self objectAtRow:i andColumn:k]; MatrixItem *secondItem = [array objectAtRow:k andColumn:j]; value += firstItem.value * secondItem.value; } MatrixItem *item = [[MatrixItem alloc] initWithValue:value]; item.row = i; item.column = j; [result addObject:item]; } } return result; } @end Jacobi_AlgorithmAppDelegate.m // ... - (void)jacobiAlgorithmWithEntry:(MatrixItem *)entry { MatrixItem *b11 = [matrix objectAtRow:entry.row andColumn:entry.row]; MatrixItem *b22 = [matrix objectAtRow:entry.column andColumn:entry.column]; double muPlus = ( b22.value + b11.value ) / 2.0; muPlus += sqrt( pow((b22.value - b11.value), 2.0) + 4.0 * pow(entry.value, 2.0) ); Vector *u1 = [[[Vector alloc] initWithX:(-1.0 * entry.value) andY:(b11.value - muPlus)] autorelease]; [u1 normalize]; Vector *u2 = [[[Vector alloc] initWithX:-u1.y andY:u1.x] autorelease]; NSMutableArray *g = [[[NSMutableArray alloc] init] autorelease]; for ( int i = 0; i <= 24; i++ ) { MatrixItem *item = [[[MatrixItem alloc] init] autorelease]; if ( i == 6*entry.row ) item.value = u1.x; else if ( i == 6*entry.column ) item.value = u2.y; else if ( i == ( 5*entry.row + entry.column ) || i == ( 5*entry.column + entry.row ) ) item.value = u1.y; else if ( i % 6 == 0 ) item.value = 1.0; else item.value = 0.0; [g addObject:item]; } NSMutableArray *firstResult = [[g.transposed multiplyWithMatrix:matrix] autorelease]; matrix = [firstResult multiplyWithMatrix:g]; } // ...

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  • c++ protected pointer member to the same class and access privileges

    - by aajmakin
    Hi, Example code is included at the bottom of the message. I'm puzzled about the protected access specifier in a class. I have define a class node which has a protected string member name string name; and a vector of node pointers vector args; Before I thought that a member function of node could not do args[0]-name but a program that does just this does compile and run. However, now I would like to inherit this class and access the name field in one of the args array pointers from this derived class args[0]-name but this does not compile. When I compile the example code below with the commented sections uncommented, the compiler reports: Compiler output: g++ test.cc -o test test.cc: In member function 'void foo::newnode::print_args2()': test.cc:22: error: 'std::string foo::node::name' is protected test.cc:61: error: within this context Compilation exited abnormally with code 1 at Thu Jun 17 12:40:12 Questions: Why can I access the name field of the node pointers in args in class node, because this is what I would excpect from a similarly defined private field in Java. How can I access those fields from the derived class. Example code: #include <iostream> #include <vector> using namespace std; namespace foo { class node; typedef std::vector<node*> nodes; class node { public: node (string _name); void print_args (); void add_node (node* a); protected: nodes args; string name; }; } foo::node::node (string _name) : args(0) { name = _name; } void foo::node::add_node (node* a) { args.push_back(a); } void foo::node::print_args () { for (int i = 0; i < args.size(); i++) { cout << "node " << i << ": " << args[i]->name << endl; } } // namespace foo // { // class newnode : public node // { // public: // newnode (string _name) : node(_name) {} // void print_args2 (); // protected: // }; // } // void foo::newnode::print_args2 () // { // for (int i = 0; i < args.size(); i++) // { // cout << "node " << i << ": " << args[i]->name << endl; // } // } int main (int argc, char** argv) { foo::node a ("a"); foo::node b ("b"); foo::node c ("c"); a.add_node (&b); a.add_node (&c); a.print_args (); // foo::newnode newa ("newa"); // foo::newnode newb ("newb"); // foo::newnode newc ("newc"); // newa.add_node (&newb); // newa.add_node (&newc); // newa.print_args2 (); return 0; }

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  • C++ Problem resolution - is it the best way to simulate a "tuple"?

    - by fbin
    Hi everyone! I've got the following problem: "Write a template function vectorMAXMIN() that will accept a vector and a number indicating the size of the vector and will return the max and the min values of the vector"... So i think in it... Create a class vector to avoid the "size" passing value and control the insertions and can get from this the max and min values... ( dunno if it's a good idea ) The problem is "how to return a tuple?" When i read the problem, i thought in a tuple to return "max, min values" is it correct? The code: #include <iostream> template < typename T > class _tuple { public: T _Max; T _Min; }; template < typename T > class _vector { public: _vector( int cnt = 0); ~_vector(); _tuple< T > get_tuple( void ); void insert( const T ); private: T *ptr; int cnt; int MAX; }; template < typename T > _vector< T >::_vector( int N ) { ptr = new T [N] ; MAX = N; cnt = 0; } template < typename T > _tuple<T> _vector< T >::get_tuple( void ) { _tuple< T > _mytuple; _mytuple._Max = ptr[0]; _mytuple._Min = ptr[0]; for( int i = 1; i < cnt; i++) { if( _mytuple._Max > ptr[i] ) _mytuple._Max = ptr[i]; if( _mytuple._Min < ptr[i] ) _mytuple._Min = ptr[i]; } return _mytuple; } template < typename T > void _vector< T >::insert( const T element) { if( cnt == MAX ) std::cerr << "Error: Out of range!" << std::endl; else { ptr[cnt] = element; cnt++; } } template < typename T > _vector< T >::~_vector() { delete [] ptr; } int main() { _vector< int > v; _tuple < int > t; v.insert(2); v.insert(1); v.insert(5); v.insert(0); v.insert(4); t = v.get_tuple(); std::cout << "MAX:" << t._Max; std::cout << " MIN:" << t._Min; return 0; }

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  • Referencing variables in a structure / C++

    - by user1628622
    Below, I provided a minimal example of code I created. I managed to get this code working, but I'm not sure if the practice being employed is sound. In essence, what I am trying to do is have the 'Parameter' class reference select elements in the 'States' class, so variables in States can be changed via Parameters. Questions I have: is the approach taken OK? If not, is there a better way to achieve what I am aiming for? Example code: struct VAR_TYPE{ public: bool is_fixed; // If is_fixed = true, then variable is a parameter double value; // Numerical value std::string name; // Description of variable (to identify it by name) }; struct NODE{ public: VAR_TYPE X, Y, Z; /* VAR_TYPE is a structure of primitive types */ }; class States{ private: std::vector <NODE_ptr> node; // shared ptr to struct NODE std::vector <PROP_DICTIONARY_ptr> property; // CAN NOT be part of Parameter std::vector <ELEMENT_ptr> element; // CAN NOT be part of Parameter public: /* ect */ void set_X_reference ( Parameter &T , int i ) { T.push_var( &node[i]->X ); } void set_Y_reference ( Parameter &T , int i ) { T.push_var( &node[i]->Y ); } void set_Z_reference ( Parameter &T , int i ) { T.push_var( &node[i]->Z ); } bool get_node_bool_X( int i ) { return node[i]->X.is_fixed; } // repeat for Y and Z }; class Parameter{ private: std::vector <VAR_TYPE*> var; public: /* ect */ }; int main(){ States S; Parameter P; /* Here I initialize and set S, and do other stuff */ // Now I assign components in States to Parameters for(int n=0 ; n<S.size_of_nodes() ; n++ ){ if ( S.get_node_bool_X(n)==true ){ S.set_X_reference ( P , n ); }; // repeat if statement for Y and Z }; /* Now P points selected to data in S, and I can * modify the contents of S through P */ return 0; }; Update The reason this issue cropped up is I am working with Fortran legacy code. To sum up this Fotran code - it's a numerical simulation of a flight vehicle. This code has a fairly rigid procedural framework one must work within, which comes with a pre-defined list of allowable Fortran types. The Fortran glue code can create an instance of a C++ object (in actuality, a reference from the perspective of Fortran), but is not aware what is contained in it (other means are used to extract C++ data into Fortran). The problem that I encountered is when a C++ module is dynamically linked to the Fortran glue code, C++ objects have to be initialized each instance the C++ code is called. This happens by virtue of how the Fortran template is defined. To avoid this cycle of re-initializing objects, I plan to use 'State' as a container class. The Fortran code allows a 'State' object, which has an arbitrary definition; but I plan to use it to harness all relevant information about the model. The idea is to use the Parameters class (which is exposed and updated by the Fortran code) to update variables in States.

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  • SFML: Generate a background image

    - by BlackMamba
    I want to generate a background, which is used in the game, on every instance of the game based on certain conditions. To do so, I'm using a sf::RenderTexture and a sf::Texture like this: sf::RenderTexture image; std::vector<sf::Texture> textures; sf::Texture texture; // instantiating the vector of textures and the image not shown here for (int i = 0; i < certainSize; ++i) { if(certainContition) { texture.setTexture("file"); texture.setPosition(pos1, pos2); } else { ... } image.draw(texture); } The point here is that I draw single textures on a sf::RenderTexture, but because textures always are on the graphic cards memory, I can't exceed a certain map size which I have to. I also considered using an sf::Image, but I can't find a way to draw an image (i.e. a texture) to it. The third way I found was using an sf::VertexArray, but this seems to be a bit too low-level for my rather simple purposes. So is there a common way to dynamically generate a background image based on other existing images?

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  • cocos2d-x and handling touch events

    - by Jason
    I have my sprites on screen and I have a vector that stores each sprite. Can a CCSprite* handle a touch event? Or just the CCLayer*? What is the best way to decide what sprite was touched? Should I store the coordinates of where the sprite is (in the sprite class) and when I get the event, see if where the user touched is where the sprite is by looking through the vector and getting each sprites current coordinates? UPDATE: I subclass CCSprite: class Field : public cocos2d::CCSprite, public cocos2d::CCTargetedTouchDelegate and I implement functions: cocos2d::CCRect rect(); virtual void onEnter(); virtual void onExit(); bool containsTouchLocation(cocos2d::CCTouch* touch); virtual bool ccTouchBegan(cocos2d::CCTouch* touch, cocos2d::CCEvent* event); virtual void ccTouchMoved(cocos2d::CCTouch* touch, cocos2d::CCEvent* event); virtual void ccTouchEnded(cocos2d::CCTouch* touch, cocos2d::CCEvent* event); virtual void touchDelegateRetain(); virtual void touchDelegateRelease(); I put CCLOG statements in each one and I dont hit them! When I touch the CCLayer this sprite is on though I do hit those in the class that implements the Layer and puts these sprites on the layer.

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  • Transforming object world space matrix to a position in world space

    - by Fredrik Boston Westman
    Im trying to make a function for picking objects with a bounding sphere however I have run in to a problem. First I check against my my bounding sphere, then if it checks out then I test against the vertexes. I have already tested my vertex picking method and it work fine, however when I check first with my bounding sphere method it dosnt register anything. My conclusion is that when im transform my sphere position in to the position of the object in world space, the transformation goes wrong ( I base this on the fact the the x coordinate always becomes 1, even tho i translate non of my meshes along the x-axis to 1). So my question is: What is the proper way to transform a objects world space matrix to a position vector ? This is how i do it now: First i set my position vector to 0. XMVECTOR meshPos = XMVectorSet(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); Then I trannsform it with my object space matrix, and then add the offset to the center of the mesh. meshPos = XMVector3TransformCoord(meshPos, meshWorld) + centerOffset;

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  • Game Over function is not working Starling

    - by aNgeLyN omar
    I've been following a tutorial over the web but it somehow did not show something about creating a game over function. I am new to the Starling framework and Actionscript so I'm kind of still trying to find a way to make it work. Here's the complete snippet of the code. package screens { import flash.geom.Rectangle; import flash.utils.getTimer; import events.NavigationEvent; import objects.GameBackground; import objects.Hero; import objects.Item; import objects.Obstacle; import starling.display.Button; import starling.display.Image; import starling.display.Sprite; import starling.events.Event; import starling.events.Touch; import starling.events.TouchEvent; import starling.text.TextField; import starling.utils.deg2rad; public class InGame extends Sprite { private var screenInGame:InGame; private var screenWelcome:Welcome; private var startButton:Button; private var playAgain:Button; private var bg:GameBackground; private var hero:Hero; private var timePrevious:Number; private var timeCurrent:Number; private var elapsed:Number; private var gameState:String; private var playerSpeed:Number = 0; private var hitObstacle:Number = 0; private const MIN_SPEED:Number = 650; private var scoreDistance:int; private var obstacleGapCount:int; private var gameArea:Rectangle; private var touch:Touch; private var touchX:Number; private var touchY:Number; private var obstaclesToAnimate:Vector.<Obstacle>; private var itemsToAnimate:Vector.<Item>; private var scoreText:TextField; private var remainingLives:TextField; private var gameOverText:TextField; private var iconSmall:Image; static private var lives:Number = 2; public function InGame() { super(); this.addEventListener(starling.events.Event.ADDED_TO_STAGE, onAddedToStage); } private function onAddedToStage(event:Event):void { this.removeEventListener(Event.ADDED_TO_STAGE, onAddedToStage); drawGame(); scoreText = new TextField(300, 100, "Score: 0", "MyFontName", 35, 0xD9D919, true); remainingLives = new TextField(600, 100, "Lives: " + lives +" X ", "MyFontName", 35, 0xD9D919, true); iconSmall = new Image(Assets.getAtlas().getTexture("darnahead1")); iconSmall.x = 360; iconSmall.y = 40; this.addChild(iconSmall); this.addChild(scoreText); this.addChild(remainingLives); } private function drawGame():void { bg = new GameBackground(); this.addChild(bg); hero = new Hero(); hero.x = stage.stageHeight / 2; hero.y = stage.stageWidth / 2; this.addChild(hero); startButton = new Button(Assets.getAtlas().getTexture("startButton")); startButton.x = stage.stageWidth * 0.5 - startButton.width * 0.5; startButton.y = stage.stageHeight * 0.5 - startButton.height * 0.5; this.addChild(startButton); gameArea = new Rectangle(0, 100, stage.stageWidth, stage.stageHeight - 250); } public function disposeTemporarily():void { this.visible = false; } public function initialize():void { this.visible = true; this.addEventListener(Event.ENTER_FRAME, checkElapsed); hero.x = -stage.stageWidth; hero.y = stage.stageHeight * 0.5; gameState ="idle"; playerSpeed = 0; hitObstacle = 0; bg.speed = 0; scoreDistance = 0; obstacleGapCount = 0; obstaclesToAnimate = new Vector.<Obstacle>(); itemsToAnimate = new Vector.<Item>(); startButton.addEventListener(Event.TRIGGERED, onStartButtonClick); //var mainStage:InGame =InGame.current.nativeStage; //mainStage.dispatchEvent(new Event(Event.COMPLETE)); //playAgain.addEventListener(Event.TRIGGERED, onRetry); } private function onStartButtonClick(event:Event):void { startButton.visible = false; startButton.removeEventListener(Event.TRIGGERED, onStartButtonClick); launchHero(); } private function launchHero():void { this.addEventListener(TouchEvent.TOUCH, onTouch); this.addEventListener(Event.ENTER_FRAME, onGameTick); } private function onTouch(event:TouchEvent):void { touch = event.getTouch(stage); touchX = touch.globalX; touchY = touch.globalY; } private function onGameTick(event:Event):void { switch(gameState) { case "idle": if(hero.x < stage.stageWidth * 0.5 * 0.5) { hero.x += ((stage.stageWidth * 0.5 * 0.5 + 10) - hero.x) * 0.05; hero.y = stage.stageHeight * 0.5; playerSpeed += (MIN_SPEED - playerSpeed) * 0.05; bg.speed = playerSpeed * elapsed; } else { gameState = "flying"; } break; case "flying": if(hitObstacle <= 0) { hero.y -= (hero.y - touchY) * 0.1; if(-(hero.y - touchY) < 150 && -(hero.y - touchY) > -150) { hero.rotation = deg2rad(-(hero.y - touchY) * 0.2); } if(hero.y > gameArea.bottom - hero.height * 0.5) { hero.y = gameArea.bottom - hero.height * 0.5; hero.rotation = deg2rad(0); } if(hero.y < gameArea.top + hero.height * 0.5) { hero.y = gameArea.top + hero.height * 0.5; hero.rotation = deg2rad(0); } } else { hitObstacle-- cameraShake(); } playerSpeed -= (playerSpeed - MIN_SPEED) * 0.01; bg.speed = playerSpeed * elapsed; scoreDistance += (playerSpeed * elapsed) * 0.1; scoreText.text = "Score: " + scoreDistance; initObstacle(); animateObstacles(); createEggItems(); animateItems(); remainingLives.text = "Lives: "+lives + " X "; if(lives == 0) { gameState = "over"; } break; case "over": gameOver(); break; } } private function gameOver():void { gameOverText = new TextField(800, 400, "Hero WAS KILLED!!!", "MyFontName", 50, 0xD9D919, true); scoreText = new TextField(800, 600, "Score: "+scoreDistance, "MyFontName", 30, 0xFFFFFF, true); this.addChild(scoreText); this.addChild(gameOverText); playAgain = new Button(Assets.getAtlas().getTexture("button_tryAgain")); playAgain.x = stage.stageWidth * 0.5 - startButton.width * 0.5; playAgain.y = stage.stageHeight * 0.75 - startButton.height * 0.75; this.addChild(playAgain); playAgain.addEventListener(Event.TRIGGERED, onRetry); } private function onRetry(event:Event):void { playAgain.visible = false; gameOverText.visible = false; scoreText.visible = false; var btnClicked:Button = event.target as Button; if((btnClicked as Button) == playAgain) { this.dispatchEvent(new NavigationEvent(NavigationEvent.CHANGE_SCREEN, {id: "playnow"}, true)); } disposeTemporarily(); } private function animateItems():void { var itemToTrack:Item; for(var i:uint = 0; i < itemsToAnimate.length; i++) { itemToTrack = itemsToAnimate[i]; itemToTrack.x -= playerSpeed * elapsed; if(itemToTrack.bounds.intersects(hero.bounds)) { itemsToAnimate.splice(i, 1); this.removeChild(itemToTrack); } if(itemToTrack.x < -50) { itemsToAnimate.splice(i, 1); this.removeChild(itemToTrack); } } } private function createEggItems():void { if(Math.random() > 0.95){ var itemToTrack:Item = new Item(Math.ceil(Math.random() * 10)); itemToTrack.x = stage.stageWidth + 50; itemToTrack.y = int(Math.random() * (gameArea.bottom - gameArea.top)) + gameArea.top; this.addChild(itemToTrack); itemsToAnimate.push(itemToTrack); } } private function cameraShake():void { if(hitObstacle > 0) { this.x = Math.random() * hitObstacle; this.y = Math.random() * hitObstacle; } else if(x != 0) { this.x = 0; this.y = 0; lives--; } } private function initObstacle():void { if(obstacleGapCount < 1200) { obstacleGapCount += playerSpeed * elapsed; } else if(obstacleGapCount !=0) { obstacleGapCount = 0; createObstacle(Math.ceil(Math.random() * 5), Math.random() * 1000 + 1000); } } private function animateObstacles():void { var obstacleToTrack:Obstacle; for(var i:uint = 0; i<obstaclesToAnimate.length; i++) { obstacleToTrack = obstaclesToAnimate[i]; if(obstacleToTrack.alreadyHit == false && obstacleToTrack.bounds.intersects(hero.bounds)) { obstacleToTrack.alreadyHit = true; obstacleToTrack.rotation = deg2rad(70); hitObstacle = 30; playerSpeed *= 0.5; } if(obstacleToTrack.distance > 0) { obstacleToTrack.distance -= playerSpeed * elapsed; } else { if(obstacleToTrack.watchOut) { obstacleToTrack.watchOut = false; } obstacleToTrack.x -= (playerSpeed + obstacleToTrack.speed) * elapsed; } if(obstacleToTrack.x < -obstacleToTrack.width || gameState == "over") { obstaclesToAnimate.splice(i, 1); this.removeChild(obstacleToTrack); } } } private function checkElapsed(event:Event):void { timePrevious = timeCurrent; timeCurrent = getTimer(); elapsed = (timeCurrent - timePrevious) * 0.001; } private function createObstacle(type:Number, distance:Number):void{ var obstacle:Obstacle = new Obstacle(type, distance, true, 300); obstacle.x = stage.stageWidth; this.addChild(obstacle); if(type >= 4) { if(Math.random() > 0.5) { obstacle.y = gameArea.top; obstacle.position = "top" } else { obstacle.y = gameArea.bottom - obstacle.height; obstacle.position = "bottom"; } } else { obstacle.y = int(Math.random() * (gameArea.bottom - obstacle.height - gameArea.top)) + gameArea.top; obstacle.position = "middle"; } obstaclesToAnimate.push(obstacle); } } }

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  • box2d tween what am I missing

    - by philipp
    I have a Box2D project and I want to tween an kinematic body from position A, to position B. The tween function, got it from this blog: function easeInOut(t , b, c, d ){ if ( ( t /= d / 2 ) < 1){ return c/2 * t * t * t * t + b; } return -c/2 * ( (t -= 2 ) * t * t * t - 2 ) + b; } where t is the current value, b the start, c the end and d the total amount of frames (in my case). I am using the method introduced by this lesson of todd's b2d tutorials to move the body by setting its linear Velocity so here is relevant update code of the sprite: if( moveData.current == moveData.total ){ this._body.SetLinearVelocity( new b2Vec2() ); return; } var t = easeNone( moveData.current, 0, 1, moveData.total ); var step = moveData.length / moveData.total * t; var dir = moveData.direction.Copy(); //this is the line that I think might be corrected dir.Multiply( t * moveData.length * fps /moveData.total ) ; var bodyPosition = this._body.GetWorldCenter(); var idealPosition = bodyPosition.Copy(); idealPosition.Add( dir ); idealPosition.Subtract( bodyPosition.Copy() ); moveData.current++; this._body.SetLinearVelocity( idealPosition ); moveData is an Object that holds the global values of the tween, namely: current frame (int), total frames (int), the length of the total distance to travel (float) the direction vector (targetposition - bodyposition) (b2Vec2) and the start of the tween (bodyposition) (b2Vec2) Goal is to tween the body based on a fixed amount of frames: in moveData.total frames. The value of t is always between 0 and 1 and the only thing that is not working correctly is the resulting distance the body travels. I need to calculate the multiplier for the direction vector. What am I missing to make it work?? Greetings philipp

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  • Mixing XNA and silverlight gives wierd graphics

    - by Mech0z
    I making a small 3dgame which is made as a Silverlight and XNA app, but when I draw the sprites the graphics becomes all wierd. All my primitive types are rendered correctly, but my 3d models are just wierd My Draw is like this when silverlight is set to draw private void OnDraw(object sender, GameTimerEventArgs e) { // Render the Silverlight controls using the UIElementRenderer elementRenderer.Render(); // Clear the screen to a solid color SharedGraphicsDeviceManager.Current.GraphicsDevice.Clear(Color.CornflowerBlue); switch (gameState) { case GameState.ChooseStarter: TextBlockStatus.Text = "Find Starting Player"; break; case GameState.PlaceBrick: TextBlockPlayer.Text = (playerTurn == PlayerTurn.PlayerOne) ? "Player One" : "Player Two"; TextBlockState.Text = "Place Brick"; foreach (IGraphicObject obj in _3dObjects) { obj.Draw(cameraPosition, e); } break; case GameState.GiveBrick: TextBlockState.Text = "Give Brick"; break; } spriteBatch.Begin(); // Using the texture from the UIElementRenderer, // draw the Silverlight controls to the screen spriteBatch.Draw(elementRenderer.Texture, cameraProjection, Color.White); spriteBatch.End(); } This gives me this output If I comment the spritebatch lines out I get the correct output, except the silverlight text is of course not shown I am not entirely sure what to look for except that zero vector I am giving to the spritebatch, but if thats the source I have no idea what I am supposed to set it as epspecially when its a 2d vector

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  • Why isn't my lighting working properly? Are my normals messed up?

    - by Radek Slupik
    I'm relatively new to OpenGL and I am trying to draw a 3D model (loaded from a 3ds file using lib3ds) using OpenGL with lighting, but about half of it is drawn in black. I set up the light as such: glEnable(GL_LIGHTING); glShadeModel(GL_SMOOTH); GLfloat ambientColor[] = {0.2f, 0.2f, 0.2f, 1.0f}; glLightModelfv(GL_LIGHT_MODEL_AMBIENT, ambientColor); glEnable(GL_LIGHT0); GLfloat lightColor0[] = {1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f}; GLfloat lightPos0[] = {4.0f, 0.0f, 8.0f, 0.0f}; glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_DIFFUSE, lightColor0); glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_POSITION, lightPos0); The model is in a VBO and drawn using glDrawArrays. The normals are in a separate VBO, and the normals are calculated using lib3ds_mesh_calculate_vertex_normals: std::vector<std::array<float, 3>> normals; for (std::size_t i = 0; i < model->nmeshes; ++i) { auto& mesh = *model->meshes[i]; std::vector<float[3]> vertex_normals(mesh.nfaces * 3); lib3ds_mesh_calculate_vertex_normals(&mesh, vertex_normals.data()); for (std::size_t j = 0; j < mesh.nfaces; ++j) { auto& face = mesh.faces[j]; normals.push_back(make_array(vertex_normals[j])); } } glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, normal_vbo_); glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, normals.size() * sizeof(decltype(normals)::value_type), normals.data(), GL_STATIC_DRAW); The problem isn't the vertices; the model is drawn correctly when drawing it as a wireframe. I also fixed the normals in Blender using controlN. What could be the problem? Should I store the normals in a different order?

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  • How important do you find exception safety to be in your C++ code?

    - by Kai
    Every time I consider making my code strongly exception safe, I justify not doing it because it would be so time consuming. Consider this relatively simple snippet: Level::Entity* entity = new Level::Entity(); entity->id = GetNextId(); entity->AddComponent(new Component::Position(x, y)); entity->AddComponent(new Component::Movement()); entity->AddComponent(new Component::Render()); allEntities.push_back(entity); // std::vector entityById[entity->id] = entity; // std::map return entity; To implement a basic exception guarantee, I could use a scoped pointer on the new calls. This would prevent memory leaks if any of the calls were to throw an exception. However, let's say I want to implement a strong exception guarantee. At the least, I would need to implement a shared pointer for my containers (I'm not using Boost), a nothrow Entity::Swap for adding the components atomically, and some sort of idiom for atomically adding to both the Vector and Map. Not only would these be time consuming to implement, but they would be expensive since it involves a lot more copying than the exception unsafe solution. Ultimately, it feels to me like that time spent doing all of that wouldn't be justified just so that the a simple CreateEntity function is strongly exception safe. I probably just want the game to display an error and close at that point anyway. How far do you take this in your own game projects? Is it generally acceptable to write exception unsafe code for a program that can just crash when there is an exception?

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  • Missing z-axis rotation for transforming between two vectors

    - by Steve Baughman
    I'm trying to rotate a cube so that it's facing up, but am getting hung up on the final implementation details. It now reliably will rotate the x,y axis to the correct side, but the z-axis is never rotating (See photos of before and after rotation). When I'm using the code below I always get '0' for my rotationVector.z. What am I missing here? // Define lookAt vector lookAtVector = GLKVector3Make(0,0,1); // Define axes vectors axes[0] = GLKVector3Make(0,0,1); axes[1] = GLKVector3Make(-1,0,0); axes[2] = GLKVector3Make(0,1,0); axes[3] = GLKVector3Make(1,0,0); axes[4] = GLKVector3Make(0,-1,0); axes[5] = GLKVector3Make(0,0,-1); CGFloat highest_dot = -1.0; GLKVector3 closest_axis; for(int i = 0; i < 6; i++) { // multiply cube's axes by existing matrix GLKVector3 axis = GLKMatrix4MultiplyVector3(matrix, axes[i]); CGFloat dot = GLKVector3DotProduct(axis, lookAtVector); if(dot > highest_dot) { closest_axis = axis; highest_dot = dot; } } GLKVector3 rotationVector = GLKVector3CrossProduct(closest_axis, lookAtVector); // Get angle between vectors CGFloat angle = atan2(GLKVector3Length(rotationVector), GLKVector3DotProduct(closest_axis, lookAtVector)); // normalize the rotation vector rotationVector = GLKVector3Normalize(rotationVector); // Create transform CATransform3D rotationTransform = CATransform3DMakeRotation(angle, rotationVector.x, rotationVector.y, rotationVector.z); // add rotation transform to existing transformation baseTransform = CATransform3DConcat(baseTransform, rotationTransform); return baseTransform; Before 3d Rotation After 3d Rotation Implementation based on this post

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  • How to define type-specific scripts when using a 'type object' programming pattern?

    - by Erik
    I am in the process of creating a game engine written in C++, using the C/C++ SQLite interface to achieve a 'type object' pattern. The process is largely similar to what is outlined here (Thank you Bob Nystrom for the great resource!). I have a generally defined Entity class that when a new object is created, data is taken from a SQLite database and then is pushed back into a pointer vector, which is then iterated through, calling update() for each object. All the ints, floats, strings are loaded in fine, but the script() member of Entity is proving an issue. It's not much fun having a bunch of stationary objects laying around my gameworld. The only solutions I've come up with so far are: Create a monolithic EntityScript class with member functions encompassing all game AI and then calling the corresponding script when iterating through the Entity vector. (Not ideal) Create bindings between C++ and a scripting language. This would seem to get the job done, but it feels like implementing this (given the potential memory overhead) and learning a new language is overkill for a small team (2-3 people) that know the entirety of the existing game engine. Can you suggest any possible alternatives? My ideal situation would be that to add content to the game, one would simply add a script file to the appropriate directory and append the SQLite database with all the object data. All that is required is to have a variety of integers and floats passed between both the engine and the script file.

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  • call function between classes [closed]

    - by aziz joh
    hello I have 3 classes class A, B, and C class A is the main class and content the main function also, i call class B and class C in the main as b1,b2 and c1. in class B there is a vector (V) has list of int. and 3 functions Add, get and delete delete. all the thing in the class is public. in class C i have function that need to (B::get) from b. what I want is that how I can make c1 call get of b1 to return the value of the V in b1 after that use add of b2 to add new item in V of b2. Thanks in advance This is an example class a{ int main(){ b b1,b2; c c1; b1.add(10); b1.add(20); c1.start(); }} class b{ vector<int> v; void add(int i){ v.push_back(i)} int get(){int i=v.at(0); return i;} } class c{// take something from b1 and add it to b2 void play(){ int i=b.get();//should take it from b1 b.add(i*2);//should add it to b2 }} please I need your help I been searching to solve this problem for days.

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  • Getting an OBB out of another OBB?

    - by Milo
    I'm working on collision resolution for my game. I just need a good way to get an object out of another object if it gets stuck. In this case a car. Here is a typical scenario. The red car is in the green object. How do I correctly get it out so the car can slide along the edge of the object as it should. I tried: if(buildings.size() > 0) { Entity e = buildings.get(0); Vector2D vel = new Vector2D(); vel.x = vehicle.getVelocity().x; vel.y = vehicle.getVelocity().y; vel.normalize(); while(vehicle.getRect().overlaps(e.getRect())) { vehicle.setCenter(vehicle.getCenterX() - vel.x * 0.1f, vehicle.getCenterY() - vel.y * 0.1f); } colided = true; } But that does not work too well. Is there some sort of vector I could calculate to use as the vector to move the car away from the object? Thanks

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  • Transform coordinates from 3d to 2d without matrix or built in methods

    - by Thomas
    Not to long ago i started to create a small 3D engine in javascript to combine this with an html5 canvas. One of the issues I run into is how can you transform 3d to 2d coords. Since I cannot use matrices or built in transformation methods I need another way. I've tried implementing the next explanation + pseudo code: http://freespace.virgin.net/hugo.elias/routines/3d_to_2d.htm Unfortunately no luck there. I've replace all the input variables with data from my own camera and object classes. I have the following data: An object with a rotation, position vector and an array of 4 3d coords (its just a plane) a camera with a position and rotation vector the viewport - a square 600 x 600 surface. The example uses a zoom factor which I've set as 1 Most hits on google use either matrix calculations or don't implement camera rotation. Basic transformation should be like this: screen.x = x / z * zoom screen.y = y / z * zoom Can anyone point me in the right direction or explain to me howto achieve this? edit: Thanks for all your posts, I haven't been able to apply all this to my project yet but I hope to do this soon.

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