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Is it possible to mount a disk image, created with dd, to a directory on a mounted external usb hdd?

- by Keeper Hood

I have an image of my home (/dev/sda3) partition, which I've created using the "dd" command. dd if=/dev/sda3 of=/path/to/disk.img I've deleted the home partition via gparted in order to enlarge my /dev/root partition. Then I've recreated the /dev/sda3 partition which is smaller in size then the one I've backed up to the image. I was wondering since I have a 2TB external HDD, could it be possible to mount my backed up image on the external HDD and then copy the files into the /home directory. Since the external HDD would be already in a "mounted state", I'm unsure whether this is a good idea, mounting on a mounted device. I'm running Slackware 13.37 (64bit). used ext4 on all the partitions. resized the root partition with gparted live cd. I've tried mount -t ext4 /path/to/disk.img /mng/image -o loop It gave me an fs error (wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on dev/loop/0) Then i did dmesg | tail which outputs: EXT4-fs (loop0) : bad geometry: block count 29009610 exceeds size of defice (1679229 blocks) I have no idea what to do, I want to restore my /home data from the image I've backed up.

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Mounting a drive in Ubuntu 9.10 (Karmic Koala)

- by morpheous

I have just installed Ubuntu on a machine that previously had XP installed on it. The machine has 2 HDD (hard disk drives). I opted to install Ubuntu completely over XP. I am new to Linux, and I am still learning how to navigate teh file structure. However, AFAICT), there is only one drive. I want to be able to store programs etc on the first drive, and store data (program output etc) on the second drive. It appears Ubuntu is not aware that I have 2 drives (on XP, these were drives C and D). How can I mount the second drive (ideally, I want to do this automatically on login, so that the drive is available to me whenever I login - withou manual intervention from me) In XP, I could refer to files on a specific drive by prefixing with the drive letter (e.g. c:\foobar.cpp and d:\foobar.dat). I suspect the notation on ubuntu is different. How may I specify specific files on different drives? Last but notbthe least (a bit unrelated to previous questions). This relates to direcory structure again. I am a developer (C++ for desktops and PHP for websites), I want to install the following apps/ libraries. i). Apache 2.2 ii). PHP 5.2.11 iii). MySQL (5.1) iv). SVN v). Netbeans vi). C++ development tools (gcc, gdb, emacs etc) vii). QT toolkit viii). Some miscellaeous scientific software (e.g. www.r-project.org, www.gnu.org/software/octave/) I would be grateful if a someone can recommend a directory layout for these applications. Regarding development, I would also be grateful if someone could point out where to store my project and source files i.e: (i) *.cpp, *.hpp, *.mak files for cpp projects (ii) individual websites On my XP machine the layout for C++ dev was like this: c:\dev\devtools (common libs and headers etc) c:\dev\workarea (root folder for projects) c:\dev\workarea\c++ (c++ projects) c:\dev\workarea\websites (web projects) I would like to create a similar folder structure on the linux machine, but its not clear whether to place these folders under /, /usr, /home or swomewhere else (there seems to be abffling number of choices, so I want to get it "right" first time - i.e having a directory structure that most developer use, so it is easier when communicating with other ubuntu/linux developers)

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Why doesn't the monitor output anything in Linux console mode?

- by flypen

I install Linux without graphics support. Previously I used a monitor with 720p support. And it can display normally. Now I change to a monitor with 1080p support. I can see BIOS and GRUB info on monitor, and kernel messages in early stages. However, the monitor says that there is no input immediately, and then I can't see anything again. It seems that it happens after something initializes. Is it related to vesafb? vesafb: mode is 1280x1024x32, linelength=5120, pages=0 vesafb: scrolling: redraw vesafb: Truecolor: size=8:8:8:8, shift=24:16:8:0 mtrr: type mismatch for 7f800000,800000 old: write-back new: write-combining mtrr: type mismatch for 7f800000,400000 old: write-back new: write-combining mtrr: type mismatch for 7f800000,200000 old: write-back new: write-combining mtrr: type mismatch for 7f800000,100000 old: write-back new: write-combining mtrr: type mismatch for 7f800000,80000 old: write-back new: write-combining mtrr: type mismatch for 7f800000,40000 old: write-back new: write-combining mtrr: type mismatch for 7f800000,20000 old: write-back new: write-combining mtrr: type mismatch for 7f800000,10000 old: write-back new: write-combining mtrr: type mismatch for 7f800000,8000 old: write-back new: write-combining mtrr: type mismatch for 7f800000,4000 old: write-back new: write-combining mtrr: type mismatch for 7f800000,2000 old: write-back new: write-combining mtrr: type mismatch for 7f800000,1000 old: write-back new: write-combining vesafb: framebuffer at 0x7f800000, mapped to 0xffffc90011380000, using 5120k, total 5120k Console: switching to colour frame buffer device 160x64 fb0: VESA VGA frame buffer device

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How do I boot [embedded] linux from sd card?

- by Brandon Yates

I am hacking together a quick embedded linux system on a DM816x evm board. Previously I have been using TFTP and NFS to load my kernel and root filesystem to the board. I am now trying to switch over to loading everything from an SD card. I have my card partitioned such that uBoot and my kernel image are in one partition, and my rootFS in another partition. At power-on, Uboot starts correctly and successfully launches the kernel. However, the kernel is unable to mount the root file system. It appears that it doesn't recognize any SD (mmc) cards. It gives this error message. VFS: Cannot open root device "mmcblk0p2" or unknown-block(2,0) Please append a correct "root=" boot option; here are the available partitions: 1f00 256 mtdblock0 (driver?) 1f01 8 mtdblock1 (driver?) 1f02 2560 mtdblock2 (driver?) 1f03 1272 mtdblock3 (driver?) 1f04 2432 mtdblock4 (driver?) 1f05 128 mtdblock5 (driver?) 1f06 4352 mtdblock6 (driver?) 1f07 204928 mtdblock7 (driver?) 1f08 50304 mtdblock8 (driver?) Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(2,0) I feel like I'm missing something fundamental here. Why does it not recognize the root device I am trying to load from? Here is my uBoot boot script that is running: setenv bootargs console=ttyO2,115200n8 root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rw mem=124M earlyprink vram=50M ti816xfb.vram=0:16M,1:16M,2:6M ip=off noinitrd;mmc init;fatload mmc 1 0x80009000 uImage;bootm 0x80009000

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UEFI - Linux Mint Boot from USB Doesn't work

- by Joe Bennett

I'm running Linux Mint (only OS other than in VirtualBox) and wanting to remove it. I've created a Live USB of Windows 8 using Windows 7 USB/DVD Download Tool - Yes, I know it says Windows 7 but I've been doing research and I am hearing from everywhere that it also works for Windows 8. The ISO was loaded on just fine (AFAIK) Computer came with Windows 8 pre-installed I have Safe boot and Fast boot disabled in the BIOS Settings I have USB as my first boot option I have tried both the USB 2.0 and 3.0 ports Yet, Mint is all that will boot up. Anybody have a similar issue? If it helps, the computer is a Toshiba Satellite S855D Laptop with an AMD APU quad-core processor (3 CPU, 1 GPU)

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I accidentally made my new hard drive (the non system drive) my primary partition

- by qwerty2

Hi all, When installing a new hard drive, I accidentally formatted it using 'Disk Management' and set it up as my primary active partition, even though it isn't the system drive. Then, when I restarted my machine, Windows wouldn't boot, citing a missing or corrupt SYSTEM folder. Can anyone help me re-enable the system hard drive as my primary active partition? Any help would be greatly appreciated.

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Creating rescue / install USB flash disk for CentOS

- by wwwpanda

For CentOS installation CDs, you can install OS, as well as booting into "rescue" mode so that you can do a chroot mount on the system partition for problem solving, even the system is installed in hardware RAID drives. How can we create a similar thing but on usb flash drive? I tried to do it with unetbootin, but when booting into the USB, eventually the CentOS setup still requires presence of CDs. Ultimately, I want to use this usb flash drive for remote disaster recovery through say HP iLo remote console / Dell iDrac etc.

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Arch Linux doesn't mount two USB drive?

- by unixbhaskar

One is USB modem which is connected and working and problematic one is a plain vfat USB stick which contain data ....that is the fellow not mounting :( I have tried to see it by fdisk ....it doesn't mount autometically... Is there any UDEV rule for that?? Because I have put a udev rule to remove the usb-storage thing( I had to.. otherwise the usb modem wont get connected... it waits for storage to relase the port) Any idea and solution would be greatly appreciated PS: I am running Arch distribution. Thanks

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Deleting old system folders from a drive that is no longer the windows installation drive

- by grenade

I dropped my laptop and was no longer able to boot. There were error messages about a corrupt boot record. Replacing the hard drive and reinstalling Win 7 was how I dealt with it. The old drive still appears to be good and I can read and write to it when I connect it as a second drive and mount as D:. However, if I try to recover the space being used by the windows, programdata, program files & program files(x86) folders, by deleting them I get error messages about needing permission from trustedinstaller. If I set myself as the owner of the folders and retry the delete I get error messages about needing permission from myself! Since I'm pretty sure that I have permission from myself to delete the folders, I can only assume that the OS or file system has gotten its panties twisted. I have tried shift, right click, delete from explorer and also if I run "del /f /s /q D:\Windows" from an admin command prompt, I get a succession of Access is denied messages as well. How do I delete D:\Windows, D:\ProgramData, D:\Program Files & D:\Program Files(x86) from a drive that is not the Windows installation drive?

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Can’t eject external USB or Firewire drive in Windows 7

- by Kelly Jones

As a SharePoint developer, I work a lot with Virtual Machines (presently using Windows Virtual PC, with Windows 7). I’m using these VMs with my laptop, and in order to get better performance, I’ve moved them to external hard drives. (These drives have faster RPMs, larger caches, and a larger capacity, than the internal drive.) I have one large external drive at home, another similar drive at the office, and a small, slow portable drive that I carry with me. So, at the end of each day at the office, I copy the files from the external drive to my portable drive and then once I get home, I copy them from the portable to the larger external drive I leave at home. I do this for a couple of reasons: so I can work at home and secondly, so I have backup copies. (Often, I feel like I’m in the movie “Office Space” when copying the files before I leave the office). Anyway, after the files are copied, I safely eject the external drives, and then hibernate my laptop. I’ve been doing this for over a year now, but within the last couple of months I started to have issues disconnecting the drives. Intermittently, some application/process would have a lock on some file on the drive that would keep Windows from safely ejecting it. After looking into it, I found that it was actually the Windows search service that was accessing the drive! Since I wasn’t using Windows search to look for stuff on these drives, I removed them as locations to index. To do this in Windows 7, you need to go to Indexing Options (just type “Indexing” into the search box in the Start menu…). One of the choices displayed will then be Indexing Options, so click on it and you should then see a window similar to this: Click on the Modify button and you’ll see this window: Notice the different drives listed above. My “FreeAgent XTreme (F:)” drive was checked for some reason, which was causing the indexing service to scan the drive looking for new files to make available in the search results. Ever since I unchecked this box, I’ve been able to safely eject the drive.

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The Beginner’s Guide to Linux Disk Utilities

- by Zainul Franciscus

Knowing how to check the condition of your hard disk is useful to determine when to replace your hard disk. In today’s article, we will show you some Linux disk utilities to diagnose the health of your hard disk. Image by Scoobay Latest Features How-To Geek ETC The Complete List of iPad Tips, Tricks, and Tutorials The 50 Best Registry Hacks that Make Windows Better The How-To Geek Holiday Gift Guide (Geeky Stuff We Like) LCD? LED? Plasma? The How-To Geek Guide to HDTV Technology The How-To Geek Guide to Learning Photoshop, Part 8: Filters Improve Digital Photography by Calibrating Your Monitor The Brothers Mario – Epic Gangland Style Mario Brothers Movie Trailer [Video] Score Awesome Games on the Cheap with the Humble Indie Bundle Add a Colorful Christmas Theme to Your Windows 7 Desktop This Windows Hack Changes the Blue Screen of Death to Red Edit Images Quickly in Firefox with Pixlr Grabber Zoho Writer, Sheet, and Show Now Available in Chrome Web Store

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Linux multiplayer server, need some help.

- by Viktor

I need to write a server for a game, which is closer to action type game, so needs fast communication. There must be only one server, I'll just split the world in zones, but this is not the question. Client will be written in java using jMonkeyEngine. In my opinion I should write the server in java. I don't want to implement any low level features such as communication, reliable udp, etc. Can you suggest any java libraries that already implement this? Or maybe there is more suitable languages to implement this project (must run on linux)?

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How to Configure the Linux Grub2 Boot Menu the Easy Way

- by Trevor Bekolay

We, like many Linux geeks, have had some trouble making the transition to Grub2, or for some of us, learning how to configure it from scratch. Fortunately, a new graphical tool has made this process easy and straightforward! Photo by e_monk. Latest Features How-To Geek ETC Internet Explorer 9 RC Now Available: Here’s the Most Interesting New Stuff Here’s a Super Simple Trick to Defeating Fake Anti-Virus Malware How to Change the Default Application for Android Tasks Stop Believing TV’s Lies: The Real Truth About "Enhancing" Images The How-To Geek Valentine’s Day Gift Guide Inspire Geek Love with These Hilarious Geek Valentines The Citroen GT – An Awesome Video Game Car Brought to Life [Video] Four Awesome TRON Legacy Themes for Chrome and Iron Anger is Illogical – Old School Style Instructional Video [Star Trek Mashup] Get the Old Microsoft Paint UI Back in Windows 7 Relax and Sleep Is a Soothing Sleep Timer Google Rolls Out Two-Factor Authentication

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Low level Linux graphics

- by math4tots

For educational purposes, I'd like to write an application on a Linux environment that can process keyboard events and draw graphics without huge dependencies like X or SDL. I presume that this must be possible, because X and SDL are just programs themselves, so they must rely on other methods inherent to the environment. Is this understanding correct? If so, where might I learn to write such a program? My limited experience tells me that it would involve making calls to the kernel, and/or writing to special files; however, I haven't been able to find any tutorials on the matter (I am not even sure what to Google). Also, in case it is relevant, I am running Debian Squeeze on Virtualbox. I have used a netinst cd without networking, so there isn't much installed on it currently. I will install gcc, but I am hoping I can get by with nothing more.

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How to make Linux reliably boot on multi-cpu machines?

- by Adam Tabi

I've got two machines, one with 4x12 AMD Opteron cores (AMD Opteron(tm) Processor 6176), one with 2x8 Xeon cores (HT disabled; Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2660 0 @ 2.20GHz). On both machines I experience difficulties during boot of Linux using recent kernels. The system hangs during the initialization of the kernel, before or just when initramfs started initializing the hardware. The last thing which got displayed was a stacktrace like this: CPU: 31 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/31 Tainted: G D 3.11.6-hardened #11 Hardware name: Supermicro X9DRT-HF+/X9DRT-HF+, BIOS 3.00 07/08/2013 task: ffff880854695500 ti: ffff880854695a28 task.ti: ffff880854695a28 RIP: 0010:[<ffffffff8100a82e>] [<ffffffff8100a82e>] default_idle+0x6/0xe RSP: 0000:ffff8808546b3ec8 EFLAGS: 00000286 RAX: ffffffff8100a828 RBX: ffff880854695a28 RCX: 00000000ffffffff RDX: 0100000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: ffff88107fdec690 RBP: ffff8808546b3ec8 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: ffff880854695500 R10: ffff880854695500 R11: 0000000000000001 R12: ffff880854695a28 R13: ffff880854695a28 R14: ffff880854695a28 R15: 0000000000000000 FS: 0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff88107fde0000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 000002b43256a960 CR3: 00000000016b5000 CR4: 00000000000607f0 Stack: ffff8808546b3ed8 ffffffff8100aec9 ffff8808546b3f10 ffffffff8109ce25 334ab55852ec7aef 000000000000001f ffffffff8102d6c0 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 ffff8808546b3f48 ffffffff810276e0 ffff8808546b3f28 Call Trace: [<ffffffff8100aec9>] arch_cpu_idle+0x20/0x2b [<ffffffff8109ce25>] cpu_startup_entry+0xed/0x138 [<ffffffff8102d6c0>] ? flat_init_apic_ldr+0x80/0x80 [<ffffffff810276e0>] start_secondary+0x2c9/0x2f8 I compiled the kernel myself and it works fine, if I boot with nolapic. Yet, only one core is used. Also, the kernel of RHEL6 seems to work fine. I suspect that there are some patches used to make things work. Using the kernel config file from RHEL6 and building a more recent kernel yields the same problems. On the Xeon machine, things got better by disabling Hyperthreading completely. The machine now boots successfully on at least 4 out of 5 times. And if it boots, multicore stuff works just fine. However, I'm wondering about what to do about the AMD machine. So to sum it up: Gentoo kernel 3.6 - 3.11 won't reliably boot those machines unless you reduce the amount of cores (e.g. via nolapic). RHEL6 kernel (which is 2.6.32) boots just fine. RH kernel config used to build a 3.x kernel won't yield a working kernel. Not distribution specific (apart from the kernel being used). These stack traces got printed every minute or so. The kernel seems to be stuck in an endless loop. Yet, a recent kernel is needed for various reasons. So the question is: What does the RHEL6 kernel do, what vanilla or gentoo kernels don't do? Is there a boot option that might lead to a reliable boot with all the cores enabled? Best, Adam

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HTG Explains: How Windows 8's Secure Boot Feature Works & What It Means for Linux

- by Chris Hoffman

Whether you plan on using Windows 8 or not, everyone buying a PC in the future will end up with the Microsoft-driven Secure Boot feature enabled. Secure Boot prevents “unauthorized” operating systems and software from loading during the startup process. Secure Boot is a feature enabled by UEFI – which replaces the traditional PC BIOS – but Microsoft mandates specific implementations for x86 (Intel) and ARM PCs. Any computer with a Windows 8 logo sticker has Secure Boot enabled. Image Credit: Kiwi Flickr HTG Explains: How Windows 8′s Secure Boot Feature Works & What It Means for Linux Hack Your Kindle for Easy Font Customization HTG Explains: What Is RSS and How Can I Benefit From Using It?

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Installing PHP extensions on Linux

- by EmmyS

Please bear with me; I'm a developer, not a server admin. My company wants to explore using Magento. They've handed me a pre-configured Linux server with apache and PHP installed, but when I try to run the Magento setup, it tells me that there are PHP extensions that need to be loaded. I can edit the php.ini file, but have no idea where to get the extensions or how to install them, and there's no one here who knows, either. Can anyone give me a hand? I need the PDO_MySQL, mcrypt, and GD extensions. I've searched and found sites that talk about downloading from the terminal and compiling code, but it's all way over my head. Is there an easy way to do this?

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iPhone tethering via USB not working

- by arneevertsson

I can't get USB tethering to work. My setup: iMac with Mac OS 10.6.2 iPhone 3G, Sofware version 3.1.2 (Build 7D11) The phone shows up in iTunes and syncing works as it should. I went to System Preferences / Network and added the iPhone as a Network Service. To the right there is a status message for the selected service. With the iPhone not plugged in, the status message reads: Either the cable for iPhone is not plugged in or the device is not responding. With the iPhone plugged in, the status message reads: Either the cable for iPhone USB is not plugged in or the device is not responding. Almost identical messages, the only difference is "USB". Any clues?

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System Rescue CD on multiboot usb not working

- by darkfeline

I have a multiboot usb with System Rescue CD and GRUB2 on it. When I try to boot it, it tries to find systemrescuecd/sysrcd.dat, attempts to mount /dev/sr0 and all the partitions on /dev/sda before declaring cannot find systemrescuecd/sysrcd.dat on devices and dumping me onto a primitive shell. The relevant entries in grub.cfg: menuentry "SystemRescueCd 32bit" { linux /systemrescuecd/isolinux/rescuecd rootfs=/systemrescuecd subdir=systemrescuecd dostartx setkmap=us initrd /systemrescuecd/isolinux/initram.igz } menuentry "SystemRescueCd 64bit" { linux /systemrescuecd/isolinux/rescue64 rootfs=/systemrescuecd subdir=systemrescuecd dostartx setkmap=us initrd /systemrescuecd/isolinux/initram.igz } I think the problem is that System Rescue CD cannot see /dev/sdb, which is my usb, but I don't know where to begin to fix it. If it helps, I set up my USB with a utility called MultiSystem, which is like MultiISO for Linux.

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Mechanical mouse using USB-to-PS/2 Adapter freezes occasionally

- by izn

I am using an AOpen PS/2 mechanical mouse in Ubuntu 11.10 with a Staples USB-to-PS/2 Adapter with my Intel DP67DE motherboard. The mouse is more comfortable for my hand as it has a lower height than optical mouses. Occasionally the mouse cursor freezes and often I have to unplug it from the USB port and plug it back in to unfreeze it. This happens with all the USB ports. I've been using the adapter for a few weeks now and this seems to be happening more often recently. What might be happening and is there anything that can be done to fix this?

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Linux Ubuntu: Updating the GRUB menu

- by Mr X

So apparently there are 2 versions of Linux on my laptop(I have a dual boot system with Linux and Windows 8 but Linux is the master OS). One of them uses the Kernel version 3.11.0 whose headers + source code are incompatible with my wireless driver. My laptop is a Toshiba Satellite with a Realtek RTL8188CE wireless lan.So the newer kernel version is still the first option on the menu and to get to Linux I use the "Previous versions of linux" which is running Kernel version 3.2.0-55. What can I do to update the grub menu so that Linux version with the 3.2.0-55 Kernel appears as the primary option? Do I need to get rid of/uninstall the newer kernel version? How can I do this without screwing up Linux entirely?

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WinXP How to Tunnel LPT over USB

- by Michael Pruitt

I have a windows program that accesses a device connected to a LPT (1-3) 25 pin port. The communication is bidirectional, and I suspected the control lines are also accessed directly. I would like to migrate the device to a machine that does not have a LPT port. I saw the dos2usb software, but that takes the output (from a DOS program) and 'prints' it formatted for a specific printer. I need a raw LPT connection, and a cable that provides access to all the control signals. I do have a USB to 36-pin Centronics that may have the extra signals. I use it with a vinyl cutter that doesn't like most of the USB dongles. It comes up as USB001. Would adding and sharing a generic printer, then mapping LPT1 to the share get me closer? Would that work for a parallel port scanner? My preferred solution is a USB cable with a driver that will map it to LPT1, LPT2, or LPT3.

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Linux, fdisk: change order of partitions

- by osgx

I have a harddrive with 24 logical partitions on it. Half of them are Linux and half are windows. Current ordering is: 3 Linux partitions; 12 windows partitions; 9 Linux partitions. In this setup, Windows can access any of partition (no limits on partition number), but Linux can't access sda16, sda17 ... Can I change numbering of partitions without moving them on disk? I want to put all Linux partitions to be <16; and windows partitions to be 16, so linux will be able to access all linux partitions. I have fdisk/sfdisk and it sees all partitions.

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Ubuntu 9.10 desktop installation via USB (boot)

- by user277980

I have made a live boot USB using the UnetBootIn tool for Ubuntu 9.10. I have Windows XP SP2 installed as the primary OS, and I want to make a partition for Ubuntu. But when I try to boot it via USB, it just goes to boot menu of Ubuntu, then I enter the default type for installation. After that nothing happens, just the Ubuntu logo shows up and just that nothing happens after that. I can try the simpler task also i.e. install via CD but I want to know what's not working with this USB boot method. Thanks in advance.

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Debian as USB hardware portable as possible

- by James Mitch

I have recent hardware, 64 bit, pae and so on. But I'd like to have my Debian installation on a USB HDD. Installing Debian to USB is solved. I used the i386 architecture image. But a pae kernel has been installed. I want to be able to travel with my USB HDD and therefore I want best possible hardware compatibility. My friends and family have sometimes older hardware, but always i386, just sometimes without 64 bit or pae. Never met someone with sparc or other architectures. What should I do to get non-pae kernel and maximum hardware compatibility?

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