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  • Python "draw() must be called with Label instance as first argument (got _WindowMetaclass instance i

    - by Amorack
    This is a class I made using Python with pyglet to display a window. class Window(pyglet.window.Window): def __init__(self): super(Window, self).__init__() pyglet.text.Label("Prototype") windowText = text.Label.draw(Window, "Hello World", font_name = "Times New Roman", font_size = 36, color = (193, 205, 193, 255)) def on_draw(self): self.clear() self.label.draw() Every time I try to run it I get the error "TypeError: unbound method draw() must be called with Label instance as first argument (got _WindowMetaclass instance instead)". I'm pretty sure I know what I have to do (find how to get Label's instance) just not how to do it. Could someone help me understand how to make this work?

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  • Help a Python newbie with a Django model inheritance problem

    - by Joshmaker
    I'm working on my first real Django project after years of PHP programming, and I am running into a problem with my models. First, I noticed that I was copying and pasting code between the models, and being a diligent OO programmer I decided to make a parent class that the other models could inherit from: class Common(model.Model): self.name = models.CharField(max_length=255) date_created = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True) date_modified = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True) def __unicode__(self): return self.name class Meta: abstract=True So far so good. Now all my other models extend "Common" and have names and dates like I want. However, I have a class for "Categories" were the name has to be unique. I assume there should be a relatively simple way for me to access the name attribute from Common and make it unique. However, the different methods I have tried to use have all failed. For example: class Category(Common): def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): self.name.unique=True Spits up the error "Caught an exception while rendering: 'Category' object has no attribute 'name' Can someone point me in the right direction?

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  • Newbie questions about COM

    - by smwikipedia
    Hi, I am quite new to COM so the question may seem naive. Q1. About Windows DLL Based on my understanding, a Windows DLL can export functions, types(classes) and global variables. Is this understanding all right? Q2. About COM My naive understanding is that: a COM DLL seems to be just a new logical way to organize the functions and types exported by a standard Windows DLL. A COM DLL exports both functions such as DllRegisterServer() and DllGetClassObject(), and also the Classes which implements the IUnknown interface. Is this understanding all right? Q3. *.def & *.idl *.def is used to define the functions exported by a Windows DLL in the traditional way, such as DllGetClassObject(). *.idl is used to define the interface implemented by a COM coclass. Thanks in advance.

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  • subfig package in latex

    - by Tim
    Hi, When I am using subfig package in latex, it gives some errors: Package subfig Warning: Your document class has a bad definition of \endfigure, most likely \let\endfigure=\end@float which has now been changed to \def\endfigure{\end@float} because otherwise subsequent changes to \end@float (like done by several packages changing float behaviour) can't take effect on \endfigure. Please complain to your document class author. Package subfig Warning: Your document class has a bad definition of \endtable, most likely \let\endtable=\end@float which has now been changed to \def\endtable{\end@float} because otherwise subsequent changes to \end@float (like done by several packages changing float behaviour) can't take effect on \endtable. Please complain to your document class author. (/usr/share/texmf/tex/latex/caption/caption.sty `rotating' package detected `float' package detected ) LaTeX Warning: You have requested, on input line 139, version `2005/06/26' of package caption, but only version `1995/04/05 v1.4b caption package (AS)' is available. ! Undefined control sequence. l.163 \DeclareCaptionOption {listofformat}{\caption@setlistofformat{#1}} How can I solve it? Thanks and regards!

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  • a more pythonic way to express conditionally bounded loop?

    - by msw
    I've got a loop that wants to execute to exhaustion or until some user specified limit is reached. I've got a construct that looks bad yet I can't seem to find a more elegant way to express it; is there one? def ello_bruce(limit=None): for i in xrange(10**5): if predicate(i): if not limit is None: limit -= 1 if limit <= 0: break def predicate(i): # lengthy computation return True Holy nesting! There has to be a better way. For purposes of a working example, xrange is used where I normally have an iterator of finite but unknown length (and predicate sometimes returns False).

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  • How to map hash keys to methods for an encapsulated Ruby class (tableless model)?

    - by user502052
    I am using Ruby on Rails 3 and I am tryng to map a hash (key, value pairs) to an encapsulated Ruby class (tableless model) making the hash key as a class method that returns the value. In the model file I have class Users::Account #< ActiveRecord::Base def initialize(attributes = {}) @id = attributes[:id] @firstname = attributes[:firstname] @lastname = attributes[:lastname] end end def self.to_model(account) JSON.parse(account) end My hash is hash = {\"id\":2,\"firstname\":\"Name_test\",\"lastname\":\"Surname_test\"} I can make account = Users::Account.to_model(hash) that returns (debugging) --- id: 2 firstname: Name_test lastname: Surname_test That works, but if I do account.id I get this error NoMethodError in Users/accountsController#new undefined method `id' for #<Hash:0x00000104cda410> I think because <Hash:0x00000104cda410> is an hash (!) and not the class itself. Also I think that doing account = Users::Account.to_model(hash) is not the right approach. What is wrong? How can I "map" those hash keys to class methods?

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  • Learning Treetop

    - by cmartin
    I'm trying to teach myself Ruby's Treetop grammar generator. I am finding that not only is the documentation woefully sparse for the "best" one out there, but that it doesn't seem to work as intuitively as I'd hoped. On a high level, I'd really love a better tutorial than the on-site docs or the video, if there is one. On a lower level, here's a grammar I cannot get to work at all: grammar SimpleTest rule num (float / integer) end rule float ( (( '+' / '-')? plain_digits '.' plain_digits) / (( '+' / '-')? plain_digits ('E' / 'e') plain_digits ) / (( '+' / '-')? plain_digits '.') / (( '+' / '-')? '.' plain_digits) ) { def eval text_value.to_f end } end rule integer (( '+' / '-' )? plain_digits) { def eval text_value.to_i end } end rule plain_digits [0-9] [0-9]* end end When I load it and run some assertions in a very simple test object, I find: assert_equal @parser.parse('3.14').eval,3.14 Works fine, while assert_equal @parser.parse('3').eval,3 raises the error: NoMethodError: private method `eval' called for # If I reverse integer and float on the description, both integers and floats give me this error. I think this may be related to limited lookahead, but I cannot find any information in any of the docs to even cover the idea of evaluating in the "or" context A bit more info that may help. Here's pp information for both those parse() blocks. The float: SyntaxNode+Float4+Float0 offset=0, "3.14" (eval,plain_digits): SyntaxNode offset=0, "" SyntaxNode+PlainDigits0 offset=0, "3": SyntaxNode offset=0, "3" SyntaxNode offset=1, "" SyntaxNode offset=1, "." SyntaxNode+PlainDigits0 offset=2, "14": SyntaxNode offset=2, "1" SyntaxNode offset=3, "4": SyntaxNode offset=3, "4" The Integer... note that it seems to have been defined to follow the integer rule, but not caught the eval() method: SyntaxNode+Integer0 offset=0, "3" (plain_digits): SyntaxNode offset=0, "" SyntaxNode+PlainDigits0 offset=0, "3": SyntaxNode offset=0, "3" SyntaxNode offset=1, "" Update: I got my particular problem working, but I have no clue why: rule integer ( '+' / '-' )? plain_digits { def eval text_value.to_i end } end This makes no sense with the docs that are present, but just removing the extra parentheses made the match include the Integer1 class as well as Integer0. Integer1 is apparently the class holding the eval() method. I have no idea why this is the case. I'm still looking for more info about treetop.

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  • Scipy Negative Distance? What?

    - by disappearedng
    I have a input file which are all floating point numbers to 4 decimal place. i.e. 13359 0.0000 0.0000 0.0001 0.0001 0.0002` 0.0003 0.0007 ... (the first is the id). My class uses the loadVectorsFromFile method which multiplies it by 10000 and then int() these numbers. On top of that, I also loop through each vector to ensure that there are no negative values inside. However, when I perform _hclustering, I am continually seeing the error, "Linkage Z contains negative values". I seriously think this is a bug because: I checked my values, the values are no where small enough or big enough to approach the limits of the floating point numbers and the formula that I used to derive the values in the file uses absolute value (my input is DEFINITELY right). Can someone enligten me as to why I am seeing this weird error? What is going on that is causing this negative distance error? ===== def loadVectorsFromFile(self, limit, loc, assertAllPositive=True, inflate=True): """Inflate to prevent "negative" distance, we use 4 decimal points, so *10000 """ vectors = {} self.winfo("Each vector is set to have %d limit in length" % limit) with open( loc ) as inf: for line in filter(None, inf.read().split('\n')): l = line.split('\t') if limit: scores = map(float, l[1:limit+1]) else: scores = map(float, l[1:]) if inflate: vectors[ l[0]] = map( lambda x: int(x*10000), scores) #int might save space else: vectors[ l[0]] = scores if assertAllPositive: #Assert that it has no negative value for dirID, l in vectors.iteritems(): if reduce(operator.or_, map( lambda x: x < 0, l)): self.werror( "Vector %s has negative values!" % dirID) return vectors def main( self, inputDir, outputDir, limit=0, inFname="data.vectors.all", mappingFname='all.id.features.group.intermediate'): """ Loads vector from a file and start clustering INPUT vectors is { featureID: tfidfVector (list), } """ IDFeatureDic = loadIdFeatureGroupDicFromIntermediate( pjoin(self.configDir, mappingFname)) if not os.path.exists(outputDir): os.makedirs(outputDir) vectors = self.loadVectorsFromFile( limit, pjoin( inputDir, inFname)) for threshold in map( lambda x:float(x)/30, range(20,30)): clusters = self._hclustering(threshold, vectors) if clusters: outputLoc = pjoin(outputDir, "threshold.%s.result" % str(threshold)) with open(outputLoc, 'w') as outf: for clusterNo, cluster in clusters.iteritems(): outf.write('%s\n' % str(clusterNo)) for featureID in cluster: feature, group = IDFeatureDic[featureID] outline = "%s\t%s\n" % (feature, group) outf.write(outline.encode('utf-8')) outf.write("\n") else: continue def _hclustering(self, threshold, vectors): """function which you should call to vary the threshold vectors: { featureID: [ tfidf scores, tfidf score, .. ] """ clusters = defaultdict(list) if len(vectors) > 1: try: results = hierarchy.fclusterdata( vectors.values(), threshold, metric='cosine') except ValueError, e: self.werror("_hclustering: %s" % str(e)) return False for i, featureID in enumerate( vectors.keys()):

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  • Ruby on Rails: strange voting increment behavior

    - by Justin Meltzer
    So I have an up and a downvote button that inserts a vote with a value of 1 or -1 into the database. This works correctly. Then, I display the total vote count for that element by summing up its votes' values. However, this isn't working correctly, because the vote sum display is acting really strange: The first vote on a video doesn't seem to increment it at all. Then the second vote does. If I go from an upvote to a downvote, it increments up once, and then the next downvote is down. This is difficult to explain, but maybe you can figure out what is wrong with my code. I have this function in my Video model (the element that is voted on, it has_many video_votes): def vote_sum read_attribute(:vote_sum) || video_votes.sum(:value) end I also have this in my VideoVote model: after_create :update_vote_sum private def update_vote_sum video.update_attributes(:vote_sum => video.vote_sum + value) end What am I doing wrong?

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  • What does this rake db:seed error mean?

    - by Kenji Kina
    I've been trying to solve this problem for a couple of hours but I can't seem to understand what's going on. I'm using Rails 3 beta, and want to seed some data to the database. However, when I try to seed some values through db:seed, I get this error: rake aborted! Attribute(#81402440) expected, got Array(#69024170) The seeds.rb is: DataType.delete_all DataType.create( :name => 'String' ) And I got these classes: class DataType < ActiveRecord::Base has_many :attributes end class Attribute < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :data_types end While the migration definition for DataType is merely: class CreateDataTypes < ActiveRecord::Migration def self.up create_table :data_types do |t| t.string :name t.timestamps end end def self.down drop_table :data_types end end Can anyone tell me what I'm doing wrong?

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  • Groovy MarkupBuilder causing java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError on closure in soapUI

    - by Eric
    I am not able to get the Groovy MarkupBuilder to work with soapUI. I am very new to Groovy and I am just following one of the user guides on creating XML. Testing a very simple method: public String Example(){ def writer = new StringWriter() def root = new MarkupBuilder(writer) root.mkp.xmlDeclaration(version:"1.0", encoding:"UTF-8") root.Root{ Example("A") } return writer.toString() } I get the following error in soapUI: ava.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: MockXML$_Example_closure2 I have no error when I run from Groovy Console. In the same class I have: public String Hello(){ return "Hello" } Which works fine in soapUI. Is there something I would need setup/imported/configured in soapUI that I am not thinking about to handle MarkupBuilder/closures? Thanks

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  • Python: how to enclose strings in a list with < and >

    - by Michael Konietzny
    Hello, i would like to enclose strings inside of list into < (formatted like <%s). The current code does the following: def create_worker (general_logger, general_config): arguments = ["worker_name", "worker_module", "worker_class"] __check_arguments(arguments) def __check_arguments(arguments): if len(sys.argv) < 2 + len(arguments): print "Usage: %s delete-project %s" % (__file__," ".join(arguments)) sys.exit(10) The current output looks like this: Usage: ...\handler_scripts.py delete-project worker_name worker_module worker_class and should look like this: Usage: ...\handler_scripts.py delete-project <worker_name> <worker_module> <worker_class> Is there any short way to do this ? Greetings, Michael

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  • Django loading mysql data into template correctly

    - by user805981
    I'm new to django and I'm trying to get display a list of buildings and sort them alphabetically, then load it into an html document. Is there something that I am not doing correctly? below is models.py class Class(models.Model): building = models.CharField(max_length=20) class Meta: db_table = u'class' def __unicode__(self): return self.building below is views.py views.py def index(request): buildinglist = Class.objects.all().order_by('building') c = {'buildinglist': buildinglist} t = loader.get_template('index.html') return HttpResponse(t.render(c)) below is index.html index.html {% block content%} <h3>Buildings:</h3> <ul> {% for building in buildinglist %} <li> <a href='www.{% building %}.com'> # ex. www.searstower.com </li> {% endfor %} </ul> {% endblock %} Can you guys point me in the right direction? Thank you in advance guys! I appreciate your help very much.

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  • Sequel Migration not running up?

    - by Sleepycat
    Having some trouble with the Migrations in Sequel and could use another set of eyes. I am running a migration that looks ok but no table is created. It is definitely connecting because I can see the schema_info table has been created. -M 0/1 changes the version as you would expect but still no table. The command: sequel -m . -M 1 ~/Desktop/dbtest/testdb.yml 001_testdb.rb: class TestDb < Sequel::Migration def up create_table( "terminals") do primary_key :id Integer :location_id Integer :merchant_id BigDecimal :terminal_id, :size=>[11, 0] String :reference, :size=>255 DateTime :created_at DateTime :updated_at String :image, :default=>"default.jpg", :size=>255 end end def down drop_table :terminals end end The output in Postgres: test_db=# \dt List of relations Schema | Name | Type | Owner --------+-------------+-------+---------- public | schema_info | table | postgres (1 row) test_db=# select * from schema_info; version --------- 1 (1 row)

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  • Why don't these class attributes register?

    - by slypete
    I have a factory method that generates django form classes like so: def get_indicator_form(indicator, patient): class IndicatorForm(forms.Form): #These don't work! indicator_id = forms.IntegerField(initial=indicator.id, widget=forms.HiddenInput()) patient_id = forms.IntegerField(initial=patient.id, widget=forms.HiddenInput()) def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): forms.Form.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs) self.indicator = indicator self.patient = patient #These do! setattr(IndicatorForm, 'indicator_id', forms.IntegerField(initial=indicator.id, widget=forms.HiddenInput())) setattr(IndicatorForm, 'patient_id', forms.IntegerField(initial=patient.id, widget=forms.HiddenInput())) for field in indicator.indicatorfield_set.all(): setattr(IndicatorForm, field.name, copy(field.get_field_type())) return type('IndicatorForm', (forms.Form,), dict(IndicatorForm.__dict__)) I'm trying to understand why the top form field declarations don't work, but the setattr method below does work. I'm fairly new to python, so I suspect it's some language feature that I'm misunderstanding. Can you help me understand why the field declarations at the top of the class don't add the fields to the class? In a possibly related note, when these classes are instantiated, instance.media returns nothing even though some fields have widgets with associated media. Thanks, Pete

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  • use doctest and logging in python program

    - by Luke
    #!/usr/bin/python2.4 import logging import sys import doctest def foo(x): """ foo (0) 0 """ print ("%d" %(x)) _logger.debug("%d" %(x)) def _test(): doctest.testmod() _logger = logging.getLogger() _logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG) _formatter = logging.Formatter('%(message)s') _handler = logging.StreamHandler(sys.stdout) _handler.setFormatter(_formatter) _logger.addHandler(_handler) _test() I would like to use logger module for all of my print statements. I have looked at the first 50 top google links for this, and they seem to agree that doctest uses it's own copy of the stdout. If print is used it works if logger is used it logs to the root console. Can someone please demonstrate a working example with a code snippet that will allow me to combine. Note running nose to test doctest will just append the log output at the end of the test, (assuming you set the switches) it does not treat them as a print statement.

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  • How to mock/stub calls to message taglib in Grails controller

    - by Dave
    I've got a Grails controller which relies on the message taglib to resolve an i18n message: class TokenController { def passwordReset = { def token = DatedToken.findById(params.id); if (!isValidToken(token, params)) { flash.message = message(code: "forgotPassword.reset.invalidToken") redirect controller: 'forgotPassword', action: 'index' return } render view:'/forgotPassword/reset', model: [token: token.token] } } I've written a unit test for the controller: class TokenControllerTests extends ControllerUnitTestCase { void testPasswordResetInvalidTokenRedirect() { controller.passwordReset() assert... } } Since the message taglib is called in the controller I get a MissingMethodException: groovy.lang.MissingMethodException: No signature of method: TokenController.message() is applicable for argument types: (java.util.LinkedHashMap) values: [[code:forgotPassword.reset.invalidToken]] Does anyone know the best way to get around this issue in a unit test? Ideally I would like to perform assertions on the message but right now I'd be happy if the test just ran! Thanks

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  • pb with callback in the python optparse module

    - by PierrOz
    Hi Guys, I'm playing with Python 2.6 and its optparse module. I would like to convert one of my arguments to a datetime through a callback but it fails. Here is the code: def parsedate(option, opt_str, value, parser): option.date = datetime.strptime(value, "%Y/%m/%d") def parse_options(args): parser = OptionParser(usage="%prog -l LOGFOLDER [-e]", version="%prog 1.0") parser.add_option("-d", "--date", action="callback", callback="parsedate", dest="date") global options (options, args) = parser.parse_args(args) print option.date.strftime() if __name__ == "__main__": parse_options(sys.argv[1:]) I get an error File: optparse.py in _check_callback "callback not callable". I guess I'm doing something wrong in the way I define my callback but what ? and why ? Can anyone help ?

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  • Problem with stackless python, cannot write to a dict

    - by ANON
    I have simple map-reduce type algorithm, which I want to implement in python and make use of multiple cores. I read somewhere that threads using native thread module in 2.6 dont make use of multiple cores. is that true? I even implemented it using stackless python however i am getting into weird errors [Update: a quick search showed that the stack less does not allows multiple cores So are their any other alternatives?] def Propagate(start,end): print "running Thread with range: ",start,end def maxVote(nLabels): count = {} maxList = [] maxCount = 0 for nLabel in nLabels: if nLabel in count: count[nLabel] += 1 else: count[nLabel] = 1 #Check if the count is max if count[nLabel] > maxCount: maxCount = count[nLabel]; maxList = [nLabel,] elif count[nLabel]==maxCount: maxList.append(nLabel) return random.choice(maxList) for num in range(start,end): node=MapList[num] nLabels = [Label[k] for k in Adj[node]] if (nLabels!=[]): Label[node] = maxVote(nLabels) else: Label[node]=node However in above code the values assigned to Label, that is the change in dictionary are lost. Above propagate function is used as callable for MicroThreads (i.e. TaskLets)

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  • Clear all class variables between instances

    - by ensnare
    This is probably a stupid question, but what's the best way to clear class variables between instances? I know I could reset each variable individually in the constructor; but is there a way to do this in bulk? Or am I doing something totally wrong that requires a different approach? Thanks for helping ... class User(): def __init__(self): #RESET ALL CLASS VARIABLES def commit(self): #Commit variables to database >>u = User() >>u.name = 'Jason' >>u.email = '[email protected]' >>u.commit() So that each time User is called the variables are fresh. Thanks.

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  • Rails: Cannot add :precision or :scale options with change_column in a migration?

    - by Josh Pinter
    This seems to have been asked before: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1402547/rails-decimal-precision-and-scale But when running a change_column migration for :precision or :scale they don't actually affect the schema or database, but db:migrate runs without errors. My migration file looks like this: class ChangePrecisionAndScaleOfPaybackPeriodInTags < ActiveRecord::Migration def self.up change_column :tags, :payback_period, :decimal, { :scale => 3, :precision => 10 } end def self.down change_column :tags, :payback_period, :decimal end end But my schema (and the data) remains as: t.decimal "rate" # previous column t.decimal "payback_period" t.string "component_type" # next column Anybody else have this issue? Thanks, Josh

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  • Odd ActiveRecord model dynamic initialization bug in production

    - by qfinder
    I've got an ActiveRecord (2.3.5) model that occasionally exhibits incorrect behavior that appears to be related to a problem in its dynamic initialization. Here's the code: class Widget < ActiveRecord::Base extend ActiveSupport::Memoizable serialize :settings VALID_SETTINGS = %w(show_on_sale show_upcoming show_current show_past) VALID_SETTINGS.each do |setting| class_eval %{ def #{setting}=(val); self.settings[:#{setting}] = (val == "1"); end def #{setting}; self.settings[:#{setting}]; end } end def initialize_settings self.settings ||= { :show_on_sale => true, :show_upcoming => true } end after_initialize :initialize_settings # All the other stuff the model does end The idea was to use a single record field (settings) to persist a bunch of configuration data for this object, but allow all the settings to seamlessly work with form helpers and the like. (Why this approach makes sense here is a little out of scope, but let's assume that it does.) Net-net, Widget should end up with instance methods (eg #show_on_sale= #show_on_sale) for all the entires in the VALID_SETTINGS array. Any default values should be specified in initialize_settings. And indeed this works, mostly. In dev and staging, no problems at all. But in production, the app sometimes ends up in a state where a) any writes to the dynamically generated setters fail and b) none of the default values appear to be set - although my leading theory is that the dynamically generated reader methods are just broken. The code, db, and environment is otherwise identical between the three. A typical error message / backtrace on the fail looks like: IndexError: index 141145 out of string (eval):2:in []=' (eval):2:inshow_on_sale=' [GEM_ROOT]/gems/activerecord-2.3.5/lib/active_record/base.rb:2746:in send' [GEM_ROOT]/gems/activerecord-2.3.5/lib/active_record/base.rb:2746:inattributes=' [GEM_ROOT]/gems/activerecord-2.3.5/lib/active_record/base.rb:2742:in each' [GEM_ROOT]/gems/activerecord-2.3.5/lib/active_record/base.rb:2742:inattributes=' [GEM_ROOT]/gems/activerecord-2.3.5/lib/active_record/base.rb:2634:in `update_attributes!' ...(then controller and all the way down) Ideas or theories as to what might be going on? My leading theory is that something is going wrong in instance initialization wherein the class instance variable settings is ending up as a string rather than a hash. This explains both the above setter failure (:show_on_sale is being used to index into the string) and the fact that getters don't work (an out of bounds [] call on a string just returns nil). But then how and why might settings occasionally end up as a string rather than hash?

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  • Python (windows) will open files from command line, but not from a script launched from eclipse

    - by Blake
    I'm pretty new to writing python for windows (linux is no problem), and am having problems getting python to recognize files when running scripts, though it behaves fine in the command line What am I doing wrong here? def verifyFile(x): # return os.path.isfile(x) This will return true (with a valid file, of course) when called from the python command line, but when I run the script from eclipse, or launch it from windows, it ALWAYS returns false. Any thoughts on why this is? I've tried passing pathnames like this: D:\Documents and Settings\BDE\Desktop\cdburn.jpg and like this: D:/Documents and Settings/BDE/Desktop/cdburn.jpg I've changed sys,argv[0] to '' I've tried this: def verifyFile(x): # try: f = open(x, 'r') f.close() return True except: return False and am getting no love! Any help would be appreciated. Thanks Blake

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  • Remove newlines from MarkupBuilder result

    - by aldrin
    Is there a way to control groovy's MarkupBuilder's output and filter out the newline characters? I have code like below: import groovy.xml.MarkupBuilder def writer = new StringWriter() def xml = new MarkupBuilder(writer) xml.basket(){ fruit (type:"apple", 1) fruit (type:"orange", 2) } which invariably outputs: <basket> <fruit type='apple'>1</fruit> <fruit type='orange'>2</fruit> </basket> I'd really like it in a single line: <basket><fruit type='apple'>1</fruit><fruit type='orange'>2</fruit></basket>

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  • store/load numpy array from binary files

    - by Javier
    Dear all, I would like to store and load numpy arrays from binary files. For that purposes, I created two small functions. Each binary file should contain the dimensionality of the given matrix. def saveArrayToFile(data, fileName): with open(fileName, 'w') as file: a = array.array('f') nSamples, ndim = data.shape a.extend([nSamples, ndim]) # write number of elements and dimensions a.fromstring(data.tostring()) a.tofile(file) def readArrayFromFile(fileName): _featDesc = np.fromfile(fileName, 'f') _ndesc = int(_featDesc[0]) _ndim = int(_featDesc[1]) _featDesc = _featDesc[2:] _featDesc = _featDesc.reshape([_ndesc, _ndim]) return _featDesc, _ndesc, _ndim An example on how to use the functions is: myarr=np.array([[7, 4],[3, 9],[1, 3]]) saveArrayToFile(myarr,'myfile.txt') _featDesc, _ndesc, _ndim = readArrayFromFile('myfile.txt') However, an error message of 'ValueError: total size of new array must be unchanged' is shown. My arrays can be of size MxN and MxM. Any suggestions are more than welcomed. I think the problem might be in the saveArrayToFile function. Best wishes, Javier

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