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  • What is an efficient way to write password cracking algorithm (python)

    - by Luminance
    This problem might be relatively simple, but I'm given two text files. One text file contains all encrypted passwords encrypted via crypt.crypt in python. The other list contains over 400k+ normal dictionary words. The assignment is that given 3 different functions which transform strings from their normal case to all different permutations of capitalizations, transforms a letter to a number (if it looks alike, e.g. G - 6, B - 8), and reverses a string. The thing is that given the 10 - 20 encrypted passwords in the password file, what is the most efficient way to get the fastest running solution in python to run those functions on dictionary word in the words file? It is given that all those words, when transformed in whatever way, will encrypt to a password in the password file. Here is the function which checks if a given string, when encrypted, is the same as the encrypted password passed in: def check_pass(plaintext,encrypted): crypted_pass = crypt.crypt(plaintext,encrypted) if crypted_pass == encrypted: return True else: return False Thanks in advance.

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  • Python string formatting when string contains "%s" without escaping

    - by Stephen Gornick
    When formatting a string, my string may contain a modulo "%" that I do not wish to have converted. I can escape the string and change each "%" to "%%" as a workaround. e.g., 'Day old bread, 50%% sale %s' % 'today!' output: 'Day old bread, 50% sale today' But are there any alternatives to escaping? I was hoping that using a dict would make it so Python would ignore any non-keyword conversions. e.g., 'Day old bread, 50% sale %(when)s' % {'when': 'today'} but Python still sees the first modulo % and gives a: TypeError: not enough arguments for format string

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  • List of dict in Python

    - by plalex
    Hi everybody, I've got a list of dict in Python: dico_cfg = {'name': entry_name, 'ip': entry_ip, 'vendor': combo_vendor, 'stream': combo_stream} self.list_cfg.append(dico_cfg) I append to my list a lot of dict in the same way. Now I would like to delete one dict and only one dict in this list? What is the best way to proceed? I've try with the index of the list, but when I remove a dict from the list, the index is modify, so after some random remove my index doesn't correspond anymore to the dict I want to remove in my list. I hope that is clear. Maybe I can add an "id" row in my dict, so I can ask to remove more preciously the dict I want. I'll ask to remove the dict where id is equal to the id's dict I want to remove. How can I do that? I hope I'm enough clear. Sorry but I'm a newbie in Python.

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  • scrapy - python question

    - by tom smith
    Hi.. Maybe not the correct place to post. But, I'm going to try anyway! I've got a couple of test python parsing scripts that I created. They work enough for me to test what I'm working on. However, I recently came across the python framework, Scrapy, which is used for web scraping. My app runs in a distributed process, across a testbed of multiple servers. I'm trying to understand scrapy, to see if it provides benefits over what I'm doing. So, if possible, I'd really like to talk with a few people who are grounded in/or who use scrapy. Thanks -tom [email protected]

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  • Splitting strings using a delimiter in python.

    - by Jahkr
    OK so I have a string that has this: Dan|warrior|54 I'm trying to make so I can use python and split it using | as the delimiter. Here's what I have so far: #!/usr/bin/env python dan = 'dan|warrior|54' print dan.split('|') and that results into this: ['dan', 'warrior', '54'] I know it's incomplete but what do I have to do to finish it? Yes, I tried googling this problem... but it's not happening. :( I want so that I can choose specifically which one from the delimiter so if I was dan.split('|')[1] .. it would pick warrior. See my point?

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  • Python's FTPLib too slow ?

    - by PyNEwbie
    I have been playing around with Python's FTP library and am starting to think that it is too slow as compared to using a script file in DOS? I run sessions where I download thousands of data files (I think I have over 8 million right now). My observation is that the download process seems to take five to ten times as long in Python than it does as compared to using the ftp commands in the DOS shell. Since I don't want anyone to fix my code I have not included any. I am more interested in understanding if my observation is valid or if I need to tinker more with the arguments.

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  • Send an email using python script

    - by nimmyliji
    Hi, Today I needed to send email from a Python script. As always I searched Google and found the following script that fits to my need. import smtplib SERVER = "localhost" FROM = "[email protected]" TO = ["[email protected]"] # must be a list SUBJECT = "Hello!" TEXT = "This message was sent with Python's smtplib." # Prepare actual message message = """\ From: %s To: %s Subject: %s %s """ % (FROM, ", ".join(TO), SUBJECT, TEXT) # Send the mail server = smtplib.SMTP(SERVER) server.sendmail(FROM, TO, message) server.quit() But when I tried to run the program, I got the following error message: Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:/Python26/email.py", line 1, in <module> import smtplib File "C:\Python26\lib\smtplib.py", line 46, in <module> import email.utils File "C:/Python26/email.py", line 24, in <module> server = smtplib.SMTP(SERVER) AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'SMTP' How can i solve this problem? Any one can help me? Thanks in advance, Nimmy.

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  • Python Ephem calculation

    - by dassouki
    the output should process the first date as "day" and second as "night". I've been playing with this for a few hours now and can't figure out what I'm doing wrong. Any ideas? Output: $ python time_of_day.py * should be day: event date: 2010/4/6 16:00:59 prev rising: 2010/4/6 09:24:24 prev setting: 2010/4/5 23:33:03 next rise: 2010/4/7 09:22:27 next set: 2010/4/6 23:34:27 day * should be night: event date: 2010/4/6 00:01:00 prev rising: 2010/4/5 09:26:22 prev setting: 2010/4/5 23:33:03 next rise: 2010/4/6 09:24:24 next set: 2010/4/6 23:34:27 day time_of_day.py import datetime import ephem # install from http://pypi.python.org/pypi/pyephem/ #event_time is just a date time corresponding to an sql timestamp def type_of_light(latitude, longitude, event_time, utc_time, horizon): o = ephem.Observer() o.lat, o.long, o.date, o.horizon = latitude, longitude, event_time, horizon print "event date ", o.date print "prev rising: ", o.previous_rising(ephem.Sun()) print "prev setting: ", o.previous_setting(ephem.Sun()) print "next rise: ", o.next_rising(ephem.Sun()) print "next set: ", o.next_setting(ephem.Sun()) if o.previous_rising(ephem.Sun()) <= o.date <= o.next_setting(ephem.Sun()): return "day" elif o.previous_setting(ephem.Sun()) <= o.date <= o.next_rising(ephem.Sun()): return "night" else: return "error" print "should be day: ", type_of_light('45.959','-66.6405','2010/4/6 16:01','-4', '-6') print "should be night: ", type_of_light('45.959','-66.6405','2010/4/6 00:01','-4', '-6')

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  • Macports sudo expands ~ to /var/root in python

    - by calavera
    This might be a bit dev-heavy for the site... but here goes. I installed the macports version of sudo. All is well, except for one thing. Using python 2.6 to expand ~ to the user's home directory results in a different output than the version of sudo that comes with Snow Leopard. For example consider the following python code: #expand_home_dir.py import os os.path.expanduser('~') Below are 3 different calls of the code listed above. The first call using sudo is using the Macports version because my $PATH begins with /opt/local/bin: robert$ python2.6 expand_home_dir.py /Users/robert robert$ sudo python2.6 expand_home_dir.py /var/root robert$ /usr/bin/sudo python2.6 expand_home_dir.py /Users/robert Any idea why this is happening?

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  • Superfluous python parameters

    - by Leif Andersen
    I've noticed a discrepancy in the way that python parameters are called. In every other language I've dealt with, you either have foo() meaning either no parameters, or as many parameters as you like, or foo(arg1, arg2,...,argn) where you pass in the same number of parameters to define the function and call it. In python however, I've noticed that the function definitions, and when the function is called, can have two different parameters sets, this usually consists of: class foo(object): def bar(self, arg1, arg2): pass However, when I want to call the function, all I have to do is: zoo = foo() zoo.bar(arg1, arg2) Where did the self parameter go? Thank you.

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  • Getting values from Multiple Text Entry using Pygtk and Python

    - by Webrsk
    On a click of a button named "Add Textbox" it calls a function which creates a single textbox using (gtk.Entry) function. So each time i click that button it creates a textbox. I have a submit button which should fetches all the values of the text boxes(say 10 textboxes) generated with the name of "entry". It works for one textbox but not for multiple. In php we can create dynamix textboxes mentioning as an array name=entry[]. Do we have similar functionality in python ? Enviroment : FC10 , Glade 3 , Python 2.5 , GTK.

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  • Hooking up Sproutcore frontend and custom Python backend

    - by Suvir
    Hello everyone, I am building a web-based application. The frontend has been designed in Sproutcore. For the backend, we have our own python API which handles all transactions with multiple databases. What is the best way to hook up the front-end with the back-end. AFAIK django is pretty monolithic (correct me if i am wrong) and it would be cumbersome if I dont use its native ORM...I would prefer a python-based solution..any ideas? thanks! Suvir

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  • Testing sample code in python modules

    - by Andrew Walker
    I'm in the process of writing a python module that includes some samples. These samples aren't unit-tests, and they are too long and complex to be doctests. I'm interested in best practices for automatically checking that these samples run. My current project layout is pretty standard, except that there is an extra top level makefile that has build, install, unittest, coverage and profile targets, that delegate responsibility to setup.py and nose as required. projectname/ Makefile README setup.py samples/ foo-sample foobar-sample projectname/ __init__.py foo.py bar.py tests/ test-foo.py test-bar.py I've considered adding a sampletest module, or adding nose.tools.istest decorators to the entry-point functions of the samples, but for a small number of samples, these solutions sound a bit ugly. This question is similar to http://stackoverflow.com/questions/301365/automatically-unit-test-example-code, but I assume python best practices will differ from C#

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  • Help me finish this Python self-challenge.

    - by Hamish Grubijan
    This is not a homework. I saw this article praising Linq library and how great it is for doing combinatorics stuff, and I thought to myself: Python can do it in a more readable fashion. After half hour of dabbing with Python I failed. Please finish where I left off. Also, do it in the most Pythonic and efficient way possible please. from itertools import permutations from operator import mul from functools import reduce glob_lst = [] def divisible(n): return (sum(j*10^i for i,j in enumerate(reversed(glob_lst))) % n == 0) oneToNine = list(range(1, 10)) twoToNine = oneToNine[1:] for perm in permutations(oneToNine, 9): for n in twoToNine: glob_lst = perm[1:n] #print(glob_lst) if not divisible(n): continue else: # Is invoked if the loop succeeds # So, we found the number print(perm) Thanks!

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  • python RSA implemention with PKCS1

    - by user307016
    I got the following code in javascript for RSA implementionhttp://www-cs-students.stanford.edu/~tjw/jsbn/: // Return the PKCS#1 RSA encryption of "text" as an even-length hex string function RSAEncrypt(text) { var m = pkcs1pad2(text,(this.n.bitLength()+7)>>3); if(m == null) return null; var c = this.doPublic(m); if(c == null) return null; var h = c.toString(16); if((h.length & 1) == 0) return h; else return "0" + h; } // PKCS#1 (type 2, random) pad input string s to n bytes, and return a bigint function pkcs1pad2(s,n) { if(n < s.length + 11) { // TODO: fix for utf-8 alert("Message too long for RSA"); return null; } var ba = new Array(); var i = s.length - 1; while(i >= 0 && n > 0) { var c = s.charCodeAt(i--); if(c < 128) { // encode using utf-8 ba[--n] = c; } else if((c > 127) && (c < 2048)) { ba[--n] = (c & 63) | 128; ba[--n] = (c >> 6) | 192; } else { ba[--n] = (c & 63) | 128; ba[--n] = ((c >> 6) & 63) | 128; ba[--n] = (c >> 12) | 224; } } ba[--n] = 0; var rng = new SecureRandom(); var x = new Array(); while(n > 2) { // random non-zero pad x[0] = 0; while(x[0] == 0) rng.nextBytes(x); ba[--n] = x[0]; } ba[--n] = 2; ba[--n] = 0; return new BigInteger(ba); } In the snippets above, it seems that the pkcs1pad2 function is used for padding the message with some random bytes(maybe sth like 0|2|random|0 ) in front of the message. I'm using the python rsa package (http://stuvel.eu/rsa) for imitating the javascript result, i'm a newbie to python world and have no idea to traslate javascript algorithm code to the python code. Any help would be appreciated. Jiee

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  • Python's subprocess.Popen object hangs gathering child output when child process does not exit

    - by Daniel Miles
    When a process exits abnormally or not at all, I still want to be able to gather what output it may have generated up until that point. The obvious solution to this example code is to kill the child process with an os.kill, but in my real code, the child is hung waiting for NFS and does not respond to a SIGKILL. #!/usr/bin/python import subprocess import os import time import signal import sys child_script = """ #!/bin/bash i=0 while [ 1 ]; do echo "output line $i" i=$(expr $i \+ 1) sleep 1 done """ childFile = open("/tmp/childProc.sh", 'w') childFile.write(child_script) childFile.close() cmd = ["bash", "/tmp/childProc.sh"] finish = time.time() + 3 p = subprocess.Popen(cmd, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, stdin=subprocess.PIPE) while p.poll() is None: time.sleep(0.05) if finish < time.time(): print "timed out and killed child, collecting what output exists so far" out, err = p.communicate() print "got it" sys.exit(0) In this case, the print statement about timing out appears and the python script never exits or progresses. Does anybody know how I can do this differently and still get output from my child processe

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  • python networkx

    - by krisdigitx
    hi, i am trying to use networkx with python, when i run this program, it get this error, is there anything missing? #!/usr/bin/env python import networkx as nx import matplotlib import matplotlib.pyplot import matplotlib.pyplot as plt G=nx.Graph() G.add_node(1) G.add_nodes_from([2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]) #nx.draw_graphviz(G) #nx_write_dot(G, 'node.png') nx.draw(G) plt.savefig("/var/www/node.png") Traceback (most recent call last): File "graph.py", line 13, in <module> nx.draw(G) File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.5/networkx/drawing/nx_pylab.py", line 124, in draw cf=pylab.gcf() File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.5/matplotlib/pyplot.py", line 276, in gcf return figure() File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.5/matplotlib/pyplot.py", line 254, in figure **kwargs) File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.5/matplotlib/backends/backend_tkagg.py", line 90, in new_figure_manager window = Tk.Tk() File "/usr/lib/python2.5/lib-tk/Tkinter.py", line 1650, in __init__ self.tk = _tkinter.create(screenName, baseName, className, interactive, wantobjects, useTk, sync, use) _tkinter.TclError: no display name and no $DISPLAY environment variable

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  • Comparing (similar) images with Python/PIL

    - by Attila Oláh
    I'm trying to calculate the similarity (read: Levenshtein distance) of two images, using Python 2.6 and PIL. I plan to use the python-levenshtein library for fast comparison. Main question: What is a good strategy for comparing images? My idea is something like: Convert to RGB (transparent - white) (or maybe convert to monochrome?) Scale up the smaller one to the larger one's size Convert each channel (= the only channel, if converted to monochrome) to a sequence (item value = color value of the pixel) Calculate the Levenshtein distance between the two sequences Of course, this will not handle cases like mirrored images, cropped images, etc. But for basic comparison, this should be useful. Is there a better strategy documented somewhere?

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  • Named pipe is not flushing in Python

    - by BrainCore
    I have a named pipe created via the os.mkfifo() command. I have two different Python processes accessing this named pipe, process A is reading, and process B is writing. Process A uses the select function to determine when there is data available in the fifo/pipe. Despite the fact that process B flushes after each write call, process A's select function does not always return (it keeps blocking as if there is no new data). After looking into this issue extensively, I finally just programmed process B to add 5KB of garbage writes before and after my real call, and likewise process A is programmed to ignore those 5KB. Now everything works fine, and select is always returning appropriately. I came to this hack-ish solution by noticing that process A's select would return if process B were to be killed (after it was writing and flushing, it would sleep on a read pipe). Is there a problem with flush in Python for named pipes?

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  • Python: shutil.rmtree fails on Windows with 'Access is denied'

    - by Sridhar Ratnakumar
    In Python, when running shutil.rmtree over a folder that contains a read-only file, the following exception is printed: File "C:\Python26\lib\shutil.py", line 216, in rmtree rmtree(fullname, ignore_errors, onerror) File "C:\Python26\lib\shutil.py", line 216, in rmtree rmtree(fullname, ignore_errors, onerror) File "C:\Python26\lib\shutil.py", line 216, in rmtree rmtree(fullname, ignore_errors, onerror) File "C:\Python26\lib\shutil.py", line 216, in rmtree rmtree(fullname, ignore_errors, onerror) File "C:\Python26\lib\shutil.py", line 216, in rmtree rmtree(fullname, ignore_errors, onerror) File "C:\Python26\lib\shutil.py", line 216, in rmtree rmtree(fullname, ignore_errors, onerror) File "C:\Python26\lib\shutil.py", line 216, in rmtree rmtree(fullname, ignore_errors, onerror) File "C:\Python26\lib\shutil.py", line 221, in rmtree onerror(os.remove, fullname, sys.exc_info()) File "C:\Python26\lib\shutil.py", line 219, in rmtree os.remove(fullname) WindowsError: [Error 5] Access is denied: 'build\\tcl\\tcl8.5\\msgs\\af.msg' Looking in File Properties dialog I noticed that af.msg file is set to be read-only. So the question is: what is the simplest workaround/fix to get around this problem - given that my intention is to do an equivalent of rm -rf build/ but on Windows? (without having to use third-party tools like unxutils or cygwin - as this code is targeted to be run on a bare Windows install with Python 2.6 w/ PyWin32 installed)

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